WO2021258763A1 - 一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2021258763A1
WO2021258763A1 PCT/CN2021/078447 CN2021078447W WO2021258763A1 WO 2021258763 A1 WO2021258763 A1 WO 2021258763A1 CN 2021078447 W CN2021078447 W CN 2021078447W WO 2021258763 A1 WO2021258763 A1 WO 2021258763A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wire
circuit
neutral
ground wire
ground
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PCT/CN2021/078447
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龙基智
洪少林
韩伟坤
金战华
张邓
邱盛军
卢永松
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优利德科技(中国)股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021258763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021258763A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/54—Testing for continuity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/20—Measuring earth resistance; Measuring contact resistance, e.g. of earth connections, e.g. plates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
    • G01R31/67—Testing the correctness of wire connections in electric apparatus or circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
    • G01R31/68—Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board
    • G01R31/69—Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board of terminals at the end of a cable or a wire harness; of plugs; of sockets, e.g. wall sockets or power sockets in appliances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/665—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit
    • H01R13/6683—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in electronic circuit with built-in sensor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66—Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/717—Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in light source
    • H01R13/7175—Light emitting diodes (LEDs)
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/76—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure with sockets, clips or analogous contacts and secured to apparatus or structure, e.g. to a wall
    • H01R24/78—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure with sockets, clips or analogous contacts and secured to apparatus or structure, e.g. to a wall with additional earth or shield contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of power socket detection, and in particular to a socket detection device and method that supports the detection of a ground wire zero line abnormality.
  • 220V/50Hz power frequency electroscopes have at most the following seven functions: one is that the live wire, neutral wire, and ground wire are correctly wired; the other is the missing zero wire; the third is the missing Ground wire; fourth is the lack of fire wire; fifth is the fire wire and the ground wire are reversed; sixth is the fire wire and the neutral wire are reversed; seventh is the fire wire and the ground wire are reversed, and the ground wire is missing.
  • the existing products are helpless.
  • the missed detection of the above two states is accompanied by great safety hazards; among them, when the power socket has only the live wire, the neutral wire and the ground wire are missing, the live wire still has electricity. Because the neutral wire and the ground wire are open, the current power supply The socket polarity detector cannot be connected, and this state cannot be detected at all. The user mistakenly believes that the socket is out of power.
  • the market urgently needs a socket detection device that supports the detection of an abnormality of the ground wire and zero wire to fill the gap in this regard, so as to ensure the safety of the operators.
  • the present invention discloses a socket detection device and method that supports the detection of an abnormality of a ground wire and a neutral wire.
  • a socket detection device that supports the detection of abnormality of the ground wire and the neutral wire, comprising: a micro-control unit, a test plug provided with a live wire connection end, a neutral wire connection end, and a ground wire connection end, and a detection circuit connected to the test plug;
  • the live wire end of the power socket for testing is provided with an induction antenna, and the induction antenna is connected with the first signal input terminal of the micro-control unit.
  • the detection circuit includes a live wire test sub-circuit, a neutral wire test sub-circuit, and a ground wire test sub-circuit which are respectively connected to the live wire connection end, the neutral wire connection end, and the ground wire connection end, and the live wire test sub-circuit, The neutral line test sub-circuit and the ground line test sub-circuit are sequentially connected to form a loop.
  • the live wire test sub-circuit includes a first light emitting diode, a first protection resistor, and a first rectifier diode connected in series in sequence, the anode of the first light emitting diode is connected to the live wire connection end, and the cathode of the first rectifier diode is connected
  • the ground wire test sub-circuit is connected;
  • the neutral wire test sub-circuit includes a second rectifier diode, a second light-emitting diode, and a second protection resistor connected in series in sequence, and the anode of the second rectifier diode is connected to the neutral wire Connected, the input end of the first light-emitting diode is also connected to the output end of the second protection resistor;
  • the ground wire test sub-circuit includes a third light-emitting diode, a third protection resistor, and a third rectifier diode connected in series in sequence, The cathode of the third rectifier diode is connected to the ground connection end,
  • the resistance values of the live wire test sub-circuit, the neutral wire test sub-circuit, and the ground wire test sub-circuit are the same.
  • the inductive antenna is connected to the first signal input terminal of the micro-control unit through a fourth protection resistor; and a grounded signal attenuation resistor is also connected to the input terminal of the fourth protection resistor.
  • the first signal output terminal of the micro control unit is connected with a neutral ground wire open indicator; the second signal output terminal of the micro control unit is connected with a neutral ground wire reverse indicator.
  • the live wire test sub-circuit, the neutral wire test sub-circuit, the ground wire test sub-circuit and the live wire connection end, the neutral wire connection end, and the ground wire connection end respectively pass through a first MOS tube switch, a second MOS tube switch, and a third MOS tube switch.
  • MOS tube switch is connected; the gates of the first MOS tube switch, the second MOS tube switch, and the third MOS tube switch are respectively connected to the first control output terminal, the second control output terminal, and the third control unit of the micro-control unit The output terminal is connected.
  • It also includes a Hall sensor set corresponding to the detection circuit, and the Hall sensor is connected to the second signal input end of the micro-control unit; and the inductive antenna is also connected to an analog-to-digital converter, the analog-to-digital converter Connect with the first signal input terminal of the micro control unit.
  • a method for detecting an abnormality of a ground wire and a neutral wire implemented according to the above-mentioned socket detection device that supports detection of an abnormality of the ground wire and a neutral wire includes:
  • the sensing antenna samples the test environment, the initial value of the self-check AD is obtained after conversion by the analog-to-digital converter, and the initial value of the self-check AD is added to the initial value to obtain the preset threshold;
  • the induction antenna samples the live terminal of the tested power socket, and obtains voltage information after conversion by an analog-to-digital converter;
  • control the first MOS transistor switch and the third MOS transistor switch to close, sample the live wire measurement sub-circuit through the inductive antenna, and obtain the first comparison voltage after conversion by the analog-to-digital converter ;
  • the structure design of the present invention is reasonable and ingenious.
  • the ground wire and the zero wire abnormality detection is automatically completed, and it is realized whether the power socket is in the live wire, lack of the neutral wire, the ground wire, or the neutral wire.
  • the detection of the reverse state of the ground wire is also suitable for the national standard 220V/50HZ standard and the 110V power system of the United States/Japan; in addition to the current socket detection device can detect up to 7 power socket states, it also supports The detection of the abnormal state of the neutral wire of the power socket fills the gap in the market and guarantees the life safety of industry personnel in all aspects.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a socket detection device supporting ground zero line abnormality detection in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides a socket detection device that supports the detection of an abnormality of a ground wire and a neutral wire.
  • a detection circuit connected with the test plug; an induction antenna is provided corresponding to the live end of the power socket under test, and the induction antenna is connected with the first signal input end of the micro-control unit.
  • the live wire connection end, the neutral wire connection end, and the ground wire connection end are made of energized material.
  • the live wire connection end, the neutral wire connection end, and the ground wire connection end are respectively inserted into the live wire holes of the tested power socket , In the neutral hole and the ground hole, connect the detection circuit with the live, neutral, and ground wires of the tested power socket to achieve correct wiring of the live, neutral, and ground wires; lack of neutral wires; lack of ground wires; lack of ground wires; Live wire; live wire and ground wire are connected reversely; live wire and neutral wire are connected reversely; live wire and ground wire are connected reversely, and the ground wire is missing; the detection and judgment of the above 7 situations;
  • the power socket under test is determined by the way that the detection circuit cannot be turned on when it is connected to the power socket under test and the inductive antenna is used to obtain the voltage value that can only be collected when the live wire is connected. Lack of the neutral wire and ground wire; then determine the measured power supply by comparing the voltage value measured by the inductive antenna when the circuit under test is connected to the live wire, neutral/live wire, and ground wire of the power socket under test. Whether the neutral wire and ground wire of the socket are connected reversely.
  • this socket detection device can not only detect up to 7 power socket states that the current socket detection device can detect, but also support the detection of the abnormal state of the ground wire of the power socket, filling the gap in the market, and fully protecting the lives of industry personnel. Safety.
  • the detection circuit includes a live wire test sub-circuit, a neutral wire test sub-circuit, and a ground wire test sub-circuit which are respectively connected to the live wire connection end, the neutral wire connection end, and the ground wire connection end, and the live wire test sub-circuit, The neutral line test sub-circuit and the ground line test sub-circuit are sequentially connected to form a loop.
  • the shapes of the live wire connection end, the neutral wire connection end, and the ground wire connection end are elongated.
  • the socket detection device supporting the detection of the abnormality of the ground wire and the neutral wire further includes an insulating housing, and the insulating housing is provided with an independent first circuit accommodating cavity, a second circuit accommodating cavity, and a third circuit accommodating cavity.
  • the live wire test sub-circuit, the neutral wire test sub-circuit, and the ground wire test sub-circuit are respectively arranged in the first circuit accommodating cavity, the second circuit accommodating cavity, and the third circuit accommodating cavity to be connected to the live wire Terminal, neutral wire connection terminal, ground wire connection terminal connection;
  • a first antenna guide groove for the sensing antenna to slide is provided in the first circuit accommodating cavity, the second circuit accommodating cavity, and the third circuit accommodating cavity; the live wire connection end of the test plug A second antenna guide groove for the inductive antenna to slide is provided therein;
  • the second circuit accommodating cavity, and the third circuit accommodating cavity are provided with a knob corresponding to the second antenna guide groove and the three first antenna guide grooves At least four gears, the sensing antenna and the knob are connected by a telescopic mechanism;
  • the knob is driven to rotate by a steering drive device, the telescopic mechanism is driven by a telescopic drive mechanism to make a telescopic movement, and the steering drive device and the telescopic drive mechanism are respectively connected to the third signal output terminal and the first signal output terminal of the micro-control unit.
  • the telescopic mechanism is a common piston rod
  • the telescopic drive mechanism is a telescopic cylinder
  • the steering drive device is a steering cylinder.
  • the induction antenna can be driven to move to the first antenna guide groove or the second antenna guide groove through the cooperation of the knob and the telescopic mechanism, so as to enable the subsequent detection of the abnormality of the ground wire and the neutral wire.
  • the method is implemented.
  • the micro control unit is powered by a 3V power supply IC.
  • the inductive antenna and the live wire end of the power socket under test have at least an electrical gap greater than 1 mm, which can resist the electric field signal of the live wire 1KV, so as to avoid the excessively large live wire electric field signal from causing safety hazards during measurement.
  • the inductive antenna is wrapped by an insulated antenna housing to achieve the above-mentioned electrical gap of at least greater than 1 mm.
  • the live wire test sub-circuit includes a first light emitting diode, a first protection resistor, and a first rectifier diode connected in series in sequence, the anode of the first light emitting diode is connected to the live wire connection end, and the cathode of the first rectifier diode is connected
  • the ground wire test sub-circuit is connected;
  • the neutral wire test sub-circuit includes a second rectifier diode, a second light-emitting diode, and a second protection resistor connected in series in sequence, and the anode of the second rectifier diode is connected to the neutral wire Connected, the input end of the first light-emitting diode is also connected to the output end of the second protection resistor;
  • the ground wire test sub-circuit includes a third light-emitting diode, a third protection resistor, and a third rectifier diode connected in series in sequence, The cathode of the third rectifier diode is connected to the ground connection end,
  • the resistance values of the first protection resistor, the second protection resistor, and the third protection resistor are 90 kiloohms.
  • the live wire test sub-circuit and the neutral wire test sub-circuit are turned on during the positive half cycle of the alternating current, and the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode are lit;
  • the neutral wire test sub-circuit and the ground wire test sub-circuit are equivalent to series connection Later, it is connected to the live wire and the ground wire in parallel, but because the second LED and the third LED are connected in series, the effective resistance has doubled, so the light of the second and third LEDs is very weak and almost invisible;
  • the neutral wire test sub-circuit is turned on during the negative half cycle of the alternating current, and the second light-emitting diode is lit;
  • the live wire test sub-circuit, the neutral wire test sub-circuit, and the ground wire measurement sub-circuit are all disconnected, and the first light-emitting diode and the second light-emitting diode are not touched. Bright;
  • the live wire test sub-circuit and the ground wire connection sub-circuit are conducted in the negative half cycle of the alternating current, and the first light-emitting diode and the third light-emitting diode are lit;
  • the neutral wire test sub-circuit and the ground wire test sub-circuit are turned on during the positive half cycle of the alternating current, and the second light-emitting diode and the third light-emitting diode are lit;
  • the ground wire test sub-circuit is turned on during the negative half cycle of the alternating current, and the third light-emitting diode is lit.
  • the resistance values of the live wire test sub-circuit, the neutral wire test sub-circuit, and the ground wire test sub-circuit are the same.
  • the resistance values of the live wire test sub-circuit, the neutral wire test sub-circuit, and the ground wire test sub-circuit are the same, which can ensure that when the live wire test sub-circuit, the neutral wire test sub-circuit, and the ground wire test sub-circuit are connected to the same voltage,
  • the electric field generated is the same. In order to reduce the interference of different electric fields caused by different resistance values during the subsequent implementation of the detection of whether the neutral wire and the ground wire are connected reversely, thereby improving the detection accuracy.
  • the inductive antenna is connected to the first signal input terminal of the micro-control unit through a fourth protection resistor; and a grounded signal attenuation resistor is also connected to the input terminal of the fourth protection resistor.
  • the resistance value of the grounded signal attenuation resistance is 50 megohms to avoid the measurement antenna being in a suspended state, so as to overcome the defect that the measuring antenna is easily interfered and the function state is unstable due to the suspended state. Furthermore, the measurement stability of the socket detection device is effectively improved.
  • the first signal output terminal of the micro control unit is connected with a neutral ground wire open indicator; the second signal output terminal of the micro control unit is connected with a neutral ground wire reverse indicator.
  • the micro control unit controls the neutral ground wire open indicator to light up, and when the neutral ground wire is determined to be reversed, the micro control unit controls the neutral ground wire reverse indicator Light up
  • the micro-control unit can be a chip with logic operation function, control function and storage function such as a single chip microcomputer and CPU.
  • the live wire test sub-circuit, the neutral wire test sub-circuit, the ground wire test sub-circuit and the live wire connection end, the neutral wire connection end, and the ground wire connection end respectively pass through a first MOS tube switch, a second MOS tube switch, and a third MOS tube switch.
  • MOS tube switch is connected; the gates of the first MOS tube switch, the second MOS tube switch, and the third MOS tube switch are respectively connected to the first control output terminal, the second control output terminal, and the third control unit of the micro-control unit The output terminal is connected.
  • It also includes a Hall sensor set corresponding to the detection circuit, and the Hall sensor is connected to the second signal input end of the micro-control unit; and the inductive antenna is also connected to an analog-to-digital converter, the analog-to-digital converter Connect with the first signal input terminal of the micro control unit.
  • analog-to-digital converter can be embedded in the micro-control unit, or a micro-control unit with analog-to-digital conversion function can be directly adopted.
  • a method for detecting an abnormality of a ground wire and a neutral wire implemented according to the above-mentioned socket detection device that supports detection of an abnormality of the ground wire and a neutral wire includes:
  • the sensing antenna samples the test environment, the initial value of the self-check AD is obtained after conversion by the analog-to-digital converter, and the initial value of the self-check AD is added to the initial value to obtain the preset threshold;
  • the AD value refers to ADC conversion, which is a sampling value of the analog-to-digital converter.
  • the initial value of the self-check AD is the sampled value obtained by the power polarity detector during the power-on self-check. Compared with the subsequent restart of ADC sampling, it saves energy and improves efficient;
  • the initial value is 90V.
  • the effective voltage value of the existing power socket specification is at least 110V when the power is turned on, and the measured value of the induction antenna is considered to be the instantaneous voltage and the measurement error of the induction antenna itself, the said The initial value is set to 90V, which can be applied to both the national standard 220V power socket and the 110V power system detection of the United States/Japan;
  • the electric field interference in the environment is eliminated, which further improves the measurement stability of this method and improves the detection accuracy;
  • the test plug of the power polarity detector Insert the test plug of the power polarity detector into the tested power socket, obtain the current value of the detection circuit through the Hall sensor, and determine whether the current value is greater than the preset current; the preset current is the current value when the test circuit is not charged , Generally 0A;
  • the induction antenna samples the live terminal of the tested power socket, and obtains voltage information after conversion by an analog-to-digital converter;
  • control the first MOS transistor switch and the third MOS transistor switch to close, sample the live wire measurement sub-circuit through the inductive antenna, and obtain the first comparison voltage after conversion by the analog-to-digital converter ;
  • the potential on the ground wire of the power socket is always 0, although the neutral wire is also grounded, due to various reasons such as humidity and distance, the potential on the neutral wire terminal in practical applications will not be completely 0, and the potential The greater the difference, the greater the measured voltage; and because the potential on the live wire is constant, the voltage between the live wire and the ground of the tested power socket must be greater than the voltage between the live wire and the neutral wire. To be big. Furthermore, it can be concluded that under normal circumstances, the first comparison voltage must be greater than the second comparison voltage; therefore, when the second comparison voltage is greater than the first comparison voltage, it can be determined that the measured voltage is greater than the first comparison voltage. The neutral and ground wires of the power socket are connected reversely.
  • This method is used in conjunction with the socket detection device to automatically complete the detection of the abnormality of the ground wire and the neutral wire, which realizes the detection of whether the power socket is in the state of only live wire, missing neutral wire, ground wire, or the neutral wire and the ground wire. It is also suitable for National standard 220V/50HZ system, and 110V power supply systems such as the United States/Japan; and by obtaining the initial value of self-checking AD, the electric field interference in the environment is eliminated, and the measurement stability and detection accuracy of this method are improved.
  • test plug of the socket detection device Insert the test plug of the socket detection device into the tested power socket, obtain the circuit status information through the Hall sensor, and determine whether the current status information is greater than the preset current; when the current status information is less than or equal to the preset current, determine the power pole
  • the detection circuit of the tester is not live, that is, the tested power socket does not form a loop through the power polarity detector. At this time, the tested power socket may lack live wire, or the tested power socket lacks neutral wire or ground wire;
  • the induction antenna is driven to move to the second antenna guide groove, the induction antenna is pushed into the live wire connection end of the test plug, and the voltage information corresponding to the live wire end of the tested power socket is received; and then judge Whether the voltage information is greater than the preset threshold calculated above;
  • the induction antenna is driven to move to the second antenna guide groove to receive the voltage of the first live wire terminal; it is further judged whether the voltage of the first live wire terminal is greater than the preset voltage (90V), so as to realize the pairing Determine whether the power socket is connected with a live wire, and the live wire is connected in the correct position;
  • the fourth control information is output, and the first switch and the third switch are controlled.
  • the switch is closed, so that the detection circuit restores the connection with the live wire end and the ground wire end of the power socket; and through the cooperation of the knob and the telescopic mechanism, the inductive antenna is driven to move to the first antenna guide groove of the first circuit accommodating cavity, Make the sensing antenna close to the line of measurement sub-circuit, and the voltage information collected by the sensing antenna through the electric field of the line of measurement sub-circuit at this time is used as the first comparison voltage; furthermore, it receives the first comparison voltage obtained from the sensing antenna and temporarily stores it ;
  • output fifth control information to control the second switch to close and the third switch to open so that the detection circuit restores the connection with the neutral end of the power socket and disconnects the detection circuit from the tested power supply
  • the connection of the ground terminal of the socket and then through the cooperation of the knob and the telescopic mechanism, the induction antenna is driven to move to the first antenna guide groove of the second circuit housing cavity, so that the induction antenna is close to the zero line sub-circuit, and the induction antenna is now
  • the voltage information collected by the electric field of the zero line sub-circuit is used as the second comparison voltage; furthermore, the second comparison voltage obtained from the induction antenna is received and temporarily stored;
  • the induction antenna collects ten consecutive instantaneous voltages at the live terminal of the tested power socket, and the instantaneous voltage is regarded as a sine cycle Information; After removing the maximum and minimum values of ten consecutive sinusoidal period information, the average value of the remaining 8 sinusoidal period information is calculated, the average value is used as the voltage information, and then whether the voltage information described above is greater than The judgment of the preset threshold calculated above realizes the filtering effect; at the same time, this filtering process is also applicable to the collection of the first comparison voltage and the second comparison voltage.
  • the filtering process can also be one, determine the maximum deviation value allowed by the two induction antenna sampling (set as A), and judge each time a new sample value is detected: if the difference between the current value and the previous value is less than or equal to A, The current value is valid; if the difference between the current value and the last value is greater than A, the current value is invalid, and the last value is used instead of the current value.
  • the current value is used as the voltage information.
  • the length of the queue is fixed to N.
  • N The length of the queue is fixed to N.
  • the original data at the head of the queue is discarded, and the data in the queue is discarded.
  • the structure design of the present invention is reasonable and ingenious.
  • the ground wire and the zero wire abnormality detection is automatically completed, and it is realized whether the power socket is in the live wire, lack of the neutral wire, the ground wire, or the neutral wire.
  • the detection of the reverse state of the ground wire is also suitable for the national standard 220V/50HZ standard and the 110V power system of the United States/Japan; in addition to the current socket detection device can detect up to 7 power socket states, it also supports The detection of the abnormal state of the neutral wire of the power socket fills the gap in the market and guarantees the safety of the industry personnel in all aspects.
  • the structure design of the present invention is reasonable and ingenious.
  • the ground wire and the zero wire abnormality detection is automatically completed, and it is realized whether the power socket is in the live wire, lack of the neutral wire, the ground wire, or the neutral wire.
  • the detection of the reverse state of the ground wire is also applicable to the national standard 220V/50HZ standard and the 110V power system of the United States/Japan; in addition to the current socket detection device can detect up to 7 power socket states, it also supports The detection of the abnormal state of the neutral wire of the power socket fills the gap in the market and guarantees the safety of the industry personnel in all aspects.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)

Abstract

一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，包括：微控制单元、设有火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端的测试插头、以及与测试插头连接的检测电路；对应被测电源插座的火线端设置有感应天线，且感应天线与微控制单元的第一信号输入端连通。

Description

一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电源插座检测领域，具体涉及一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置及方法。
背景技术
目前，220V/50Hz工频验电器，或称电源插座极性检测器等，其功能最多只有以下七种状态：一是火线、零线、地线接线正确；二是缺零线；三是缺地线；四是缺火线；五是火线与地线接反；六是火线与零线接反；七是火线与地线接反，并缺地线。但其实，还有两种重要的状态仍未有企业能做出可实现的产品，其一是只有火线，缺零线、地线；其二是零线与地线接反。在针对上述两状态的的检测，现有的产品束手无策。
而上述两种状态的漏检，同时伴随着极大的安全隐患；其中，当电源插座只有火线，缺零线、地线时，火线还有电，由于零线和地线开路，目前的电源插座极性检测器无法接通，根本测不出这种状态，用户误认为插座没电了，可以放心操作其实是非常危险的，极有可能被电击到；而当电源插座的零线与地线接反时，由于其可以正常接通，目前的电源插座极性检测器在检测时的告警指示与电源插座正常时的告警指示是相同的，同样无法识别该种状态；而其带来的危害，首先接入的设备不能运转，其次设备外壳还会出现触电事故。
进而，对于电源插座是否处于只有火线，缺零线、地线或零线与地线接反状态的检测尤为重要，且上述两种状态可归纳为地线零线异常。进而，市场急需一款支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置以填补该方面的空白，以保障作业人员的人生安全。
技术问题
如何克服上述因地线零线异常使电源插座存有隐患的技术问题。
技术解决方案
为了克服上述技术问题，本发明公开了一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置及方法。
本发明为实现上述目的所采用的技术方案是：
一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，包括：微控制单元、设有火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端的测试插头、以及与该测试插头连接的检测电路；对应被测电源插座的火线端设置有感应天线，且所述感应天线与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连通。
所述检测电路包括分别与所述火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端连接的火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、以及地线测试子电路，且所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路依次连接形成回路。
所述火线测试子电路包括依次串联的第一发光二极管、第一保护电阻、第一整流二极管，所述第一发光二极管的正极与所述火线连接端连接，所述第一整流二极管的负极与所述地线测试子电路连接；所述零线测试子电路包括依次串联的第二整流二极管、第二发光二极管、第二保护电阻，所述第二整流二极管的正极与所述零线连接端连接，所述第一发光二极管的输入端还与所述第二保护电阻的输出端连接；所述地线测试子电路包括依次串联的第三发光二极管、第三保护电阻、第三整流二极管，所述第三整流二极管的负极与所述地线连接端连接，所述第二整流二极管的正极还与所述第三发光二极管的正极连接。
所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路的阻值相同。
所述感应天线通过一第四保护电阻与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连接；且于所述第四保护电阻的输入端还连接有接地的信号衰减电阻。
所述微控制单元的第一信号输出端连接有零线地线开路指示灯；所述微控制单元的第二信号输出端连接有零线地线接反指示灯。
所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路与所述火线连接 端、零线连接端、地线连接端分别通过第一MOS管开关、第二MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关连接；所述第一MOS管开关、第二MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关的栅极分别与所述微控制单元的第一控制输出端、第二控制输出端、第三控制输出端连接。
其还包括对应所述检测电路设置的霍尔传感器，该霍尔传感器与所述微控制单元的第二信号输入端连接；且所述感应天线还连接有一模数转换器，该模数转换器与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连接。
一种根据上述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置实施的地线零线异常检测方法，包括：
预设一个付初值，感应天线对测试环境进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得自检AD初值，将自检AD初值与付初值相加获得预设门限；
将电源极性检测器的测试插头插入被测电源插座，通过霍尔传感器获取检测电路的电流值，并判断所述电流值是否大于预设电流；
若所述电流值小于或等于预设电流，感应天线对被测电源插座的火线端进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得电压信息；
当所述电压信息大于预设门限时，确定被测电源插座的零线、地线开路，点亮所述零线地线开路指示灯。
在判断所述电流值是否大于预设电流时，还包括：
若所述电流值大于预设电流，控制所述第一MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关闭合，通过感应天线对火线测量子电路进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得第一比对电压；
控制第二MOS管开关闭合，第三MOS管开关断开，通过感应天线对零线测量子电路进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得第二比对电压；
当所述第二比对电压大于所述第一比对电压时，确定被测电源插座的零线、地线接反，点亮所述零线地线接反指示灯。
有益效果
本发明结构设计合理巧妙，通过地线零线异常检测方法配合插座检测装 置，自动完成地线零线异常检测，实现了对电源插座是否处于只有火线，缺零线、地线，或零线与地线接反状态的检测，同时适用于国标220V/50HZ制式、及美国/日本等110V的电源系统；除了可实现目前的插座检测装置最多可检测的7种电源插座状态外，还同时支持对电源插座地线零线异常状态的检测，填补了市场空白，全方位保障业人员的人生安全。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明实施例中一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置的电路原理图。
本发明的实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
实施例，参见图1本实施例提供的一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，包括：微控制单元、设有火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端的测试插头、以及与该测试插头连接的检测电路；对应被测电源插座的火线端设置有感应天线，且所述感应天线与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连通。
具体地，所述火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端的材质为通电材质，在检测时，通过火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端分别插入被测电源插座的火线孔、零线孔、地线孔中，使检测电路与被测电源插座的火线、零线、地线连接，以实现对火线、零线、地线接线正确；缺零线；缺地线；缺火线；火线与地线接反；火线与零线接反；火线与地线接反，并缺地线；上述7种情况的检测判断；
另外，通过感应天线、微控制单元的设置，以通过在确定检测电路与被测电源插座连接时不能导通并用感应天线获得只有接有火线才能采集到的电压值大小的方式确定被测电源插座缺零线、地线；再通过比对被测电路分别与被测电源插座的火线、零线/火线、地线连接时的感应天线所测得的电压值大小 的方式确定被测被测电源插座是否零线、地线接反。以实现对电源插座是否处于只有火线，缺零线、地线或零线与地线接反状态的检测，即通过本插座检测装置实现对地线零线异常的检测。进而本插座检测装置，既可目前的插座检测装置最多可检测的7种电源插座状态，还同时支持对电源插座地线零线异常状态的检测，填补了市场空白，全方位保障业人员的人生安全。
所述检测电路包括分别与所述火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端连接的火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、以及地线测试子电路，且所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路依次连接形成回路。
具体地，所述火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端的形状为长条状。
进一步地，所述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置还包括绝缘壳体，该绝缘壳体内设有独立的第一电路容置腔、第二电路容置腔、第三电路容置腔，所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路分别设置于所述第一电路容置腔、第二电路容置腔、第三电路容置腔中与所述火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端连接；
并且在所述第一电路容置腔、第二电路容置腔、第三电路容置腔中均设置有供所述感应天线滑移的第一天线导向槽；所述测试插头的火线连接端内设置有供所述感应天线滑移的第二天线导向槽；
对应所述第一电路容置腔、第二电路容置腔、第三电路容置腔设有一旋钮，该旋钮对应所述第二天线导向槽、及三个所述第一天线导向槽设有至少四个档位，所述感应天线与该旋钮通过一伸缩机构连接；
该旋钮通过一转向驱动装置驱使转动，所述伸缩机构通过一伸缩驱动机构驱使作伸缩运动，且所述转向驱动装置、伸缩驱动机构分别连接至所述微控制单元的第三信号输出端、第四信号输出端。
具体到本实施例，所述伸缩机构为常见的活塞杆，而伸缩驱动机构则为伸缩气缸，且转向驱动装置为转向气缸。
进而，感应天线可根据微控制单元发送的控制信号，通过旋钮、伸缩机构的配合，驱使感应天线移动至第一天线导向槽或第二天线导向槽中，以使得后续的地线零线异常检测方法得以实施。
所述微控制单元由一3V电源IC供电。
此外，所述感应天线与被测电源插座的火线端至少有大于1mm的电气间隙，能抗火线1KV的电场信号，以避免火线电场信号过大而产生测量时的安全隐患。在本实施例中，所述感应天线由一绝缘的天线壳体包裹，以实现上述至少大于1mm的电气间隙。
所述火线测试子电路包括依次串联的第一发光二极管、第一保护电阻、第一整流二极管，所述第一发光二极管的正极与所述火线连接端连接，所述第一整流二极管的负极与所述地线测试子电路连接；所述零线测试子电路包括依次串联的第二整流二极管、第二发光二极管、第二保护电阻，所述第二整流二极管的正极与所述零线连接端连接，所述第一发光二极管的输入端还与所述第二保护电阻的输出端连接；所述地线测试子电路包括依次串联的第三发光二极管、第三保护电阻、第三整流二极管，所述第三整流二极管的负极与所述地线连接端连接，所述第二整流二极管的正极还与所述第三发光二极管的正极连接。可有效地避免正常状态和缺地线状态显示相同的情况。
具体地，第一保护电阻、第二保护电阻、第三保护电阻的阻值为90千欧。
在检测时，若火线、零线、地线接线正确，火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路在交流电正半周时导通，第一发光二极管、第二发光二极管被点亮；
若缺零线，只有火线对地线有电压，火线测试子电路在交流电正半周时导通，第一发光二极管被点亮，此时，零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路相当于串联后并接到火线和地线上，但由于第二发光二极管、第三发光二极管串联，有效电阻增加了一倍，因此第二发光二极管、第三发光二极管的发光很弱，几乎看不到；
若缺地线，只有火线对零线有电压，零线测试子电路在交流电负半周时导通，第二发光二极管被点亮；
若缺火线，火线对零线和地线的电压都为0，火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测量子电路均断开，第一发光二极管、第二发光二极管均不被点亮；
若火线与地线接反，火线测试子电路、地线接线子电路在交流电负半周导 通，第一发光二极管、第三发光二极管被点亮；
若火线与零线接反，零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路在交流电正半周导通，第二发光二极管、第三发光二极管被点亮；
若火线与地线接反，并缺地线，地线测试子电路在交流电负半周时导通，第三发光二极管被点亮。
所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路的阻值相同。
具体地，火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路的阻值相同，可保证火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路在接上相同的电压时，所生成的电场是一样大的。以便于后续在实施对于零线、地线是否接反状态的检测时，减少因阻值不同带来的电场大小不一的干扰，从而提高检测精准度。
所述感应天线通过一第四保护电阻与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连接；且于所述第四保护电阻的输入端还连接有接地的信号衰减电阻。
具体地，接地的信号衰减电阻阻值为50兆欧，避免测量天线处于悬浮状态，以克服测量天线处于悬浮状态容易受干扰而致使功能状态不稳定的缺陷。进而有效地提高本插座检测装置的测量稳定性。
所述微控制单元的第一信号输出端连接有零线地线开路指示灯；所述微控制单元的第二信号输出端连接有零线地线接反指示灯。
具体地，在确定零线地线开路时，通过微控制单元控制零线地线开路指示灯点亮，在确定零线地线接反时，通过微控制单元控制零线地线接反指示灯点亮；
该微控制单元可以是单片机、cpu等具有逻辑运算功能、控制功能和存储功能的芯片。
所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路与所述火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端分别通过第一MOS管开关、第二MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关连接；所述第一MOS管开关、第二MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关的栅极分别与所述微控制单元的第一控制输出端、第二控制输出端、第三控制输出端连接。
其还包括对应所述检测电路设置的霍尔传感器，该霍尔传感器与所述微控制单元的第二信号输入端连接；且所述感应天线还连接有一模数转换器，该模数转换器与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连接。
具体地，所述模数转换器可内嵌于所述微控制单元中，或是直接采用具有模数转换功能的微控制单元。
一种根据上述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置实施的地线零线异常检测方法，包括：
预设一个付初值，感应天线对测试环境进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得自检AD初值，将自检AD初值与付初值相加获得预设门限；
具体地，所述AD值指的是ADC转换，是模数转换器的采样值。具体到本实施例中，所述自检AD初值为所述电源极性检测器在开机自检时所获取的采样值，相比与后续再启动ADC采样，一是节能，二是提高了效率；
其中付初值为90V，一方面由于现有的电源插座规格在通电时的电压有效值至少为110V，同时考虑感应天线的测得值为瞬时电压、及感应天线本身的测量误差，将所述付初值定为90V，可同时适用于国标220V电源插座及美国/日本等110V电源系统检测；
再者，通过获取自检AD初值的方法，剔除了环境中的电场干扰，进一步地提高了本方法的测量稳定性，提高检测精准度；
将电源极性检测器的测试插头插入被测电源插座，通过霍尔传感器获取检测电路的电流值，并判断所述电流值是否大于预设电流；预设电流为测试电路不带电时的电流值，一般为0A；
若所述电流值小于或等于预设电流，感应天线对被测电源插座的火线端进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得电压信息；
当所述电压信息大于预设门限时，确定被测电源插座的零线、地线开路，点亮所述零线地线开路指示灯。
在判断所述电流值是否大于预设电流时，还包括：
若所述电流值大于预设电流，控制所述第一MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关闭合，通过感应天线对火线测量子电路进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获 得第一比对电压；
控制第二MOS管开关闭合，第三MOS管开关断开，通过感应天线对零线测量子电路进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得第二比对电压；
当所述第二比对电压大于所述第一比对电压时，确定被测电源插座的零线、地线接反，点亮所述零线地线接反指示灯。
具体地，由于电源插座的地线上的电位始终为0，其零线虽然也做了接地，但是由于潮湿、距离等各方面原因，实际应用中零线端的电位不会完全为0，而电位差越大，所测得电压越大；再由于火线上的电位是一定的，因此被测电源插座的火线端与地线端之间的电压，一定比火线端与零线端之间的电压要大。进而可得出正常情况下，第一比对电压必然大于第二比对电压的结论；因此，在所述第二比对电压是否大于所述第一比对电压时，可判定所述被测电源插座的零线、地线接反。
进一步地，在判断所述被测电源插座的零线、地线是否接反前，还需确定被测电源插座连接有火线，且火线连接在正确的位置上；具体到本实施例中，即在所述电流状态信息大于预设电流时，还需进行：
驱使所述检测电路断开与所述被测电源插座火线端、零线端、地线端的连接，接收来自感应天线获取的第一火线端电压，所述第一火线端电压是所述感应天线贴近所述被测电源插座火线端时，所测得的感应电压；
判断所述第一火线端电压是否大于预设电压，所述预设电压为90V。
进而，实现了对被测电源插座是否连接有火线，且火线连接在正确的位置上的判定。
通过该方法配合本插座检测装置，自动完成地线零线异常检测，实现了对电源插座是否处于只有火线，缺零线、地线，或零线与地线接反状态的检测，同时适用于国标220V/50HZ制式、及美国/日本等110V的电源系统；并通过获取自检AD初值的方式，剔除了环境中的电场干扰，提高了本方法的测量稳定性、及检测精准度。
从微控制单元的角度，在测量时，发送自检指令，感应天线等空载运行，对测试环境进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得自检AD初值，根据预设门限 ＝自检AD初值+付初值(90V)，计算出预设门限；
将本插座检测装置的测试插头插入被测电源插座，通过霍尔传感器获取电路状态信息，判断所述电流状态信息是否大于预设电流；在电流状态信息小于或等于预设电流时，确定电源极性检测器的检测电路不带电，即被检电源插座没有通过电源极性检测器形成回路，此时可能出现被测电源插座缺火线，或被测电源插座缺零线、缺地线的情况；
通过旋钮、伸缩机构的配合，驱使感应天线移动至第二天线导向槽，将感应天线推至所述测试插头的火线连接端中，接收对应于所述被测电源插座火线端的电压信息；再判断所述电压信息是否大于上述计算出的预设门限；
在所述电压信息大于上述计算出的预设门限时，生成第一告警信号，通过第一信号输出端驱使零线地线开路指示灯点亮；
在判断所述电流状态信息是否大于预设电流时，若所述电流状态信息大于预设电流时，则输出第三控制信息，控制所述第一MOS管开关、第二MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关断开，使得所述检测电路断开与所述被测电源插座火线端、零线端、地线端的连接；
通过旋钮、伸缩机构的配合，驱使感应天线移动至所述第二天线导向槽中接收第一火线端电压；进一步判断所述第一火线端电压是否大于预设电压(90V)，从而实现对被测电源插座是否连接有火线，且火线连接在正确的位置上的判定；
在所述第一火线端电压是大于预设电压时，实施对所述被测电源插座的零线、地线是否接反的判定：输出第四控制信息，控制所述第一开关、第三开关闭合，使得所述检测电路恢复与所述电源插座火线端、地线端的连接；再通过旋钮、伸缩机构的配合，驱使感应天线移动至第一电路容置腔的第一天线导向槽中，使得感应天线贴近所述测火线子电路，感应天线此时通过测火线子电路的电场采集到电压信息作为第一比对电压；再者，接收来自感应天线获取的第一比对电压，暂时寄存；
进一步，输出第五控制信息，控制所述第二开关闭合，第三开关断开，使得所述检测电路恢复与所述电源插座零线端的连接并断开所述检测电路与所 述被测电源插座地线端的连接；再通过旋钮、伸缩机构的配合，驱使感应天线移动至第二电路容置腔的第一天线导向槽中，使得感应天线贴近所述测零线子电路，感应天线此时通过测零线子电路的电场采集到电压信息作为第二比对电压；再者，接收来自感应天线获取的第二比对电压，暂时寄存；
判断所述第二比对电压是否大于所述第一比对电压，在所述第二比对电压大于所述第一比对电压时，生成第二告警信号，通过第二信号输出端驱使零线地线接反指示灯点亮。
其中，在接收对应于所述被测电源插座火线端的电压信息时，还需实施滤波过程：感应天线采集所述被测电源插座火线端十个连续的的瞬时电压，将该瞬时电压作为正弦周期信息；去掉十个连续的正弦周期信息中的最大值和最小值后计算出剩余8个正弦周期信息的平均值，将该平均值作为所述电压信息，再进行上述中所述电压信息是否大于上述计算出的预设门限的判断，实现滤波作用；同时，此滤波过程同样适用于第一比对电压、第二比对电压的采集。
另外，滤波过程还可以是一，确定两次感应天线采样允许的最大偏差值(设为A)，每次检测到新采样值时判断：如果本次值与上次值之差小于等于A，则本次值有效；如果本次值与上次值之差大于A，则本次值无效，用上次值代替本次值。将本次值作为所述电压信息。此方法的优点是可以有效克服因偶然因素引起的脉冲干扰；二，连续取N个感应天线采样值(N为奇数)，把N次采样值按大小排列，取中间值为所述电压信息；三，根据连续N个感应天线采样值生成一个队列，队列的长度固定为N，每次通过感应天线采样到一个新数据放入队尾，并扔掉原来队首的一次数据，把队列中的N个数据进行算数平均运算，取运算值为所述电压信息。此方法的优点是对外部干扰有良好的抑制作用，平滑度高。
本发明结构设计合理巧妙，通过地线零线异常检测方法配合插座检测装置，自动完成地线零线异常检测，实现了对电源插座是否处于只有火线，缺零线、地线，或零线与地线接反状态的检测，同时适用于国标220V/50HZ制式、及美国/日本等110V的电源系统；除了可实现目前的插座检测装置最多可检测的7种电源插座状态外，还同时支持对电源插座地线零线异常状态的检测，填 补了市场空白，全方位保障业人员的人生安全。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制。任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下，都可利用上述揭示的技术手段和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改是等同变化的等效实施例。故凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明之形状、构造及原理所作的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围内。
工业实用性
本发明结构设计合理巧妙，通过地线零线异常检测方法配合插座检测装置，自动完成地线零线异常检测，实现了对电源插座是否处于只有火线，缺零线、地线，或零线与地线接反状态的检测，同时适用于国标220V/50HZ制式、及美国/日本等110V的电源系统；除了可实现目前的插座检测装置最多可检测的7种电源插座状态外，还同时支持对电源插座地线零线异常状态的检测，填补了市场空白，全方位保障业人员的人生安全。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，其特征在于，包括：微控制单元、设有火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端的测试插头、以及与该测试插头连接的检测电路；对应被测电源插座的火线端设置有感应天线，且所述感应天线与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连通；
    所述检测电路包括分别与所述火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端连接的火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、以及地线测试子电路，且所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路依次连接形成回路；
    其中，所述火线测试子电路包括依次串联的第一发光二极管、第一保护电阻、第一整流二极管，所述第一发光二极管的正极与所述火线连接端连接，所述第一整流二极管的负极与所述地线测试子电路连接；所述零线测试子电路包括依次串联的第二整流二极管、第二发光二极管、第二保护电阻，所述第二整流二极管的正极与所述零线连接端连接，所述第一发光二极管的输入端还与所述第二保护电阻的输入端连接；所述地线测试子电路包括依次串联的第三发光二极管、第三保护电阻、第三整流二极管，所述第三整流二极管的负极与所述地线连接端连接，所述第二整流二极管的正极还与所述第三发光二极管的正极连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，其特征在于，所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路的阻值相同。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，其特征在于，所述感应天线通过一第四保护电阻与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连接；
    且于所述第四保护电阻的输入端还连接有接地的信号衰减电阻。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，其特征在于，所述微控制单元的第一信号输出端连接有零线地线开路指示灯；
    所述微控制单元的第二信号输出端连接有零线地线接反指示灯。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，其特征在 于，所述火线测试子电路、零线测试子电路、地线测试子电路与所述火线连接端、零线连接端、地线连接端分别通过第一MOS管开关、第二MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关连接；
    所述第一MOS管开关、第二MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关的栅极分别与所述微控制单元的第一控制输出端、第二控制输出端、第三控制输出端连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置，其特征在于，其还包括对应所述检测电路设置的霍尔传感器，该霍尔传感器与所述微控制单元的第二信号输入端连接；
    且所述感应天线还连接有一模数转换器，该模数转换器与所述微控制单元的第一信号输入端连接。
  7. 一种根据权利要求5所述支持地线零线异常检测的插座检测装置实施的地线零线异常检测方法，其特征在于，包括：
    预设一个付初值，感应天线对测试环境进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得自检AD初值，将自检AD初值与付初值相加获得预设门限；
    将电源极性检测器的测试插头插入被测电源插座，通过霍尔传感器获取检测电路的电流值，并判断所述电流值是否大于预设电流；
    若所述电流值小于或等于预设电流，感应天线对被测电源插座的火线端进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得电压信息；
    当所述电压信息大于预设门限时，确定被测电源插座的零线、地线开路，点亮所述零线地线开路指示灯。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述地线零线异常检测方法，其特征在于，在判断所述电流值是否大于预设电流时，还包括：
    若所述电流值大于预设电流，控制所述第一MOS管开关、第三MOS管开关闭合，通过感应天线对火线测量子电路进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得第一比对电压；
    控制第二MOS管开关闭合，第三MOS管开关断开，通过感应天线对零线测量子电路进行采样，经模数转换器转换后获得第二比对电压；
    当所述第二比对电压大于所述第一比对电压时，确定被测电源插座的零 线、地线接反，点亮所述零线地线接反指示灯。
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