WO2021256196A1

WO2021256196A1 - Magnetic field generating device and electric motor provided with same

Info

Publication number: WO2021256196A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/019879
Authority: WO
Inventors: 俊平林
Original assignee: 株式会社神戸製鋼所
Priority date: 2020-06-15
Filing date: 2021-05-25
Publication date: 2021-12-23
Also published as: JP2021197837A

Abstract

Provided is a magnetic field generating device enabling generation of a large amount of magnetic flux in a gap between a magnetic pole and a facing magnetic body. The magnetic field generating device is provided with a magnetic pole and a facing magnetic body that faces the magnetic pole with a gap therebetween. The magnetic pole comprises a first iron core, a second iron core, a third iron core, a fourth iron core, a plurality of interposed permanent magnets respectively interposed between adjacent iron cores among the first to fourth iron cores, and an opposite-side permanent magnet arranged on an opposite side of the first to fourth iron cores. The gap between the magnetic pole and the facing magnetic body satisfy a predetermined conditional expression to enable generation of a large amount of magnetic flux in the gap.

Description

Magnetic field generator and motor equipped with it

The present invention relates to a magnetic field generator that generates a magnetic field in a gap between a magnetic pole and a facing magnetic material facing the magnetic pole, and an electric motor provided with the magnetic field generator.

Conventionally, an electric machine equipped with an armature having an armature coil and an armature is known. The electric motor disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a mover including a plurality of iron cores and a plurality of permanent magnets. The plurality of permanent magnets are arranged so as to surround the iron core while opening a surface facing the armature with a gap between the plurality of iron cores. A magnetic pole block is composed of each of the plurality of iron cores and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged around each of the plurality of permanent magnets. In each magnetic pole block, the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged so that the surfaces of the plurality of permanent magnets facing the iron core have the same magnetic poles.

In a magnetic field generator exemplified by an electric motor as described above, in which a magnetic field element and a facing magnetic material facing the magnetic pole with a gap thereof are provided, the number of magnetic fluxes generated in the gap can be efficiently increased. Required.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-75848

An object of the present invention is a magnetic field generator provided with a magnetic monopole and a facing magnetic material facing each other with a gap between the magnetic poles, which can generate a large amount of magnetic flux in the gap. To provide.

Provided is a magnetic field generator, the magnetic field generator comprising a plurality of magnetic monopoles, each of which is formed of a magnetic material, a plurality of permanent magnets, and the magnetic pole element. It comprises a facing magnetic material arranged so as to face each other in a facing direction through a gap. The plurality of magnetic monopoles include a first core, a second core, a third core, and a fourth core that are aligned with each other on an array surface facing the facing magnetic material. The first core is adjacent to the second core and the third core. The fourth core is adjacent to the second core and the third core. The first iron core has a first magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The second iron core has a second magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The third iron core has a third magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The fourth iron core has a fourth magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. Both the first magnetic pole surface and the fourth magnetic pole surface form the first magnetic pole. Both the second magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface form a second magnetic pole opposite to the first magnetic pole. The plurality of permanent magnets include a plurality of intervening permanent magnets interposed between adjacent iron cores of the first core, the second core, the third core, and the fourth core, and the first core. Includes a plurality of opposite permanent magnets, each placed on the opposite side of the outer surface of each of the second core, the third core and the fourth core, facing the opposite side of the facing magnetic material. .. The gap has a satisfying maximum width l _g represented by the following formula.

_Here, l _z, A z is the first core the effective area A thickness and effective area of the intermediate permanent magnet in the intervening permanent magnet interposed between each of the first core and the second core The area of the region where the first magnet surface facing the surface and the second magnet surface facing the second iron core overlap each other when viewed in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface. _lφ and _Aφ are the thickness and effective area of the intervening permanent magnets interposed between the first core and the third core, respectively, and the effective area faces the first iron core in the intervening permanent magnets. The area of the region where the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface facing the third iron core overlap each other when viewed in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface. l _ra and A _ra are the thickness and effective area of the opposite side permanent magnets arranged on the opposite side surface of the first core, respectively, and the effective area is the opposite side surface of the first core in the opposite side permanent magnet. The area of the region where the first magnet surface facing the surface and the second magnet surface facing the opposite side of the first magnet surface overlap each other in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface. l _C is the sum of the thickness of the opposite permanent magnets located on the opposite side of the dimension and the first core of the first core in the opposite direction. A _f is the area of the first magnetic pole surface. _AC is 1 of the area occupied by the first magnetic pole surface, the second magnetic pole surface, the third magnetic pole surface, the fourth magnetic pole surface, and the surface of each of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets facing the facing magnetic body. It is / 4.

Also provided is a magnetic field generator, each via a monopole containing a plurality of monopoles formed of a magnetic material, a plurality of permanent magnets, and the magnetic monopoles and voids. It includes a facing magnetic material arranged so as to face each other in the facing direction. The plurality of magnetic monopoles include a first core, a second core, a third core, and a fourth core that are aligned with each other on an array surface facing the facing magnetic material. The first core is adjacent to the second core and the third core. The fourth core is adjacent to the second core and the third core. The first iron core has a first magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The second iron core has a second magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The third iron core has a third magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The fourth iron core has a fourth magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. Both the first magnetic pole surface and the fourth magnetic pole surface form the first magnetic pole. Both the second magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface form a second magnetic pole opposite to the first magnetic pole. The plurality of permanent magnets include a plurality of intervening permanent magnets interposed between adjacent iron cores of the first core, the second core, the third core, and the fourth core, and the first core. Includes a plurality of opposite permanent magnets, each placed on the opposite side of the outer surface of each of the second core, the third core and the fourth core, facing the opposite side of the facing magnetic material. .. The gap has a satisfying maximum width l _g represented by the following formula.

_Here, l _z, A z is the first the effective area said a thickness and effective area of intervention of the permanent magnet interposed in the intermediate permanent magnet between each of the first core and the second core The area of the region where the first magnet surface facing the iron core and the second magnet surface facing the second iron core overlap each other when viewed in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface. _lφ and _Aφ are the thickness and effective area of the intervening permanent magnets interposed between the first core and the third core, respectively, and the effective area faces the first iron core in the intervening permanent magnets. The area of the region where the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface facing the third iron core overlap each other when viewed in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface. l _ra and A _ra are the thickness and effective area of the opposite side permanent magnets arranged on the opposite side surface of the first core, respectively, and the effective area is the opposite side surface of the first core in the opposite side permanent magnet. The area of the region where the first magnet surface facing the surface and the second magnet surface facing the opposite side of the first magnet surface overlap each other in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface. l _C is the sum of the thickness of the opposite permanent magnets located on the opposite side of the dimension and the first core of the first core in the opposite direction. A _f is the area of the first magnetic pole surface. _AC is 1 of the area occupied by the first magnetic pole surface, the second magnetic pole surface, the third magnetic pole surface, the fourth magnetic pole surface, and the surface of each of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets facing the facing magnetic body. It is / 4. V _D is the sum of the volumes of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets and the volumes of the plurality of opposite permanent magnets. V _C is the respective volumes of the plurality of intervening permanent magnet, and each volume of the plurality of opposite permanent magnet, the first core, the second core, each of said third core and said fourth core The volume of and the sum of.

It is a perspective view of the unit cell which constitutes the magnetic pole element of the magnetic field generator which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which showed the relationship between the porosity and the void magnetic flux density in the two-dimensional magnetic pole structure which is the 1st Embodiment and the comparison target. It is a figure which showed the magnetic path formed in the two-dimensional magnetic pole structure. It is a figure which emphasized and showed the 1st magnetic circuit formed in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which emphasized and showed the 2nd magnetic circuit formed in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which emphasized and showed the 3rd magnetic circuit formed in the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the preservation of the magnetic flux in the 1st to 3rd magnetic paths. It is a perspective view which shows each dimension of the unit cell which concerns on the 1st modification of the 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows each dimension of the unit cell which concerns on 1st comparative example for comparison with said 1st modification. It is a perspective view which shows each dimension of the unit cell which concerns on the 2nd modification of the said 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows each dimension of the unit cell which concerns on the 2nd comparative example for comparison with the 2nd modification. It is a perspective view of the unit cell which concerns on the said 1st modification. It is a perspective view of the unit cell which concerns on the 2nd modification. It is a perspective view of the linear motion motor which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the armature of the linear motion motor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 12A is a perspective view of a plurality of armature cores and armature back yokes of the armature shown in FIG. 12A. It is a perspective view of the magnetic pole element of the linear motion motor which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the linear motion motor which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the armature of the linear motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment. FIG. 15A is a perspective view of a plurality of armature cores and armature back yokes of the armature shown in FIG. 15A. It is a perspective view of the magnetic pole element of the linear motion motor which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment 5. It is a perspective view of the radial gap type motor which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the armature of the radial gap type electric motor which concerns on the 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the armature core of the radial gap type electric machine shown in FIG. 18A. It is a perspective view of the magnetic pole element of the radial gap type electric motor which concerns on the 4th Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the radial gap type motor which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the armature of the radial gap type electric motor which concerns on the 5th Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the armature core of the radial gap type electric machine shown in FIG. 21A. It is a perspective view of the magnetic pole element of the radial gap type electric motor which concerns on the 5th Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The

FIG. 1 shows a unit cell 20 which is a minimum unit of a magnetic pole element of the magnetic field generator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The monopole comprises at least one monopole 20. The magnetic field generator includes the magnetic monopole and a facing magnetic material facing the monopole via a gap. The face-to-face magnetic material is made of a magnetic material such as a permanent magnet or iron.

The unit cell 20 has a three-dimensional magnetic pole structure as shown in FIG. The unit cell 20 includes a plurality of magnetic monopole cores and a plurality of permanent magnets.

Each of the plurality of magnetic pole cores is a magnetic material, and in this embodiment, a soft magnetic material having a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The plurality of magnetic monopoles include a first core 22A, a second core 22B, a third core 22C, and a fourth core 22D that are aligned with each other on the same array surface. In this embodiment, the array plane is a plane facing the facing magnetic material, and in the posture shown in FIG. 1, a horizontal plane. The first core 22A is adjacent to the second core 22B and the third core 22C in two directions orthogonal to each other in the arrangement plane, and the fourth core 22D is the second core 22B and the third core. It is adjacent to 22C in the above two directions.

The first iron core 22A has a first magnetic pole surface 24A facing the facing magnetic body, and the second iron core 22B has a second magnetic pole surface 24B facing the facing magnetic body, and the third iron core 22B. The 22C has a third magnetic pole surface 24C facing the facing magnetic body, and the fourth iron core 22D has a fourth magnetic pole surface 24D facing the facing magnetic body. In the posture shown in FIG. 1, the first to fourth magnetic pole surfaces 24A to 24D are all facing upwards. The first magnetic pole surface 24A and the fourth magnetic pole surface 24D both form a first magnetic pole (N pole or S pole), and the second magnetic pole surface 24B and the third magnetic pole surface 24C both form the first magnetic pole. It constitutes a second magnetic pole (S pole or N pole) opposite to the above.

The plurality of permanent magnets include a plurality of intervening permanent magnets 231 and a plurality of opposite side permanent magnets 232. The plurality of intervening permanent magnets 231 are interposed between the iron cores of the first core 22A, the second core 22B, the third core 22C, and the fourth core 22D, which are adjacent to each other. The plurality of opposite permanent magnets 232 are arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the first core 22A, the second core 22B, the third core 22C, and the fourth core 22D, respectively. The opposite side surface is a surface of the outer surfaces of the first to fourth iron cores 22A to 22D facing the opposite side to the facing magnetic material, and the lower surface in FIG. 1.

The unit cell 20 is composed of a plurality of magnetic pole blocks arranged on the array surface, that is, a first magnetic pole block 21A, a second magnetic pole block 21B, a third magnetic pole block 21C, and a fourth magnetic pole block 21D. The first magnetic pole block 21A is adjacent to the second magnetic pole block 21B and the third magnetic pole block 21C in two directions orthogonal to each other on the array plane, and the fourth magnetic pole block 214 is said in the two directions. It is adjacent to the second magnetic pole block 212 and the third magnetic pole block 213.

Each of the first to fourth magnetic pole blocks 211 to 214 includes one of the plurality of magnetic cores and a plurality of permanent magnets. The first magnetic pole block 21A, the second magnetic pole block 21B, the third magnetic pole block 21C, and the fourth magnetic pole block 214 have the first core 22A, the second core 22B, and the third as the magnetic monopoles, respectively. The iron core 22C and the fourth iron core 22D are included.

Each of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets 231 and the plurality of opposite side permanent magnets 232 is equal to or higher than the outer surface of the magnetic monopole core in which the permanent magnets are to be arranged among the first to fourth cores 22A to 22D. Also has a slightly larger main surface and is attached to it so as to hide the outer surface. Each of the plurality of magnetic monopoles forming a rectangular parallelepiped has six outer surfaces, and the permanent magnet is attached to three outer surfaces thereof. In other words, the permanent magnet is attached to the magnetic monopole so as to open the other three outer surfaces, that is, the open outer surface. For each magnetic monopole, the plurality of intervening permanent magnets 231 and the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 232 are arranged so that the same magnetic poles face each other with respect to the magnetic monopole. At least one of the three open outer surfaces constitutes a magnetic pole surface. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a facing magnetic material, for example, an armature of an electric motor, is arranged with a gap above the first to fourth magnetic pole surfaces 24A to 24D, which are magnetic pole surfaces facing upward. The magnetic poles on the magnetic pole surfaces of the first to fourth cores 22A to 22D are the same as the magnetic poles formed by the first magnet surface, which is the surface facing the iron core among the permanent magnets attached to the iron core. Further, the surface of each permanent magnet facing outward, that is, the second magnet surface facing the side opposite to the magnetic pole core, has a magnetic pole opposite to the magnetic pole of the magnetic pole surface.

In the unit cell 20, the intervening permanent magnets in which the magnetic pole blocks of the first to fourth magnetic pole blocks 21A to 21D adjacent to each other are interposed between the magnetic pole cores included in the respective magnetic pole blocks adjacent to each other. Share 23. For example, the first magnetic pole block 21A shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the second magnetic pole block 21B and the third magnetic pole block 21C adjacent thereto. Similarly, the fourth magnetic pole block 21D shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 with the second magnetic pole block 21B and the magnetic pole block 21C adjacent thereto. Further, each of the first to fourth magnetic pole blocks 21A to 21D includes one opposite side permanent magnet 232 mounted on the opposite side surface of each of the first to fourth iron cores 22A to 22D.

Contrary to the above, each of the two magnetic pole blocks adjacent to each other may include permanent magnets independent of each other. For example, the first magnetic pole block 21A includes an intervening permanent magnet 23 facing each of the second magnetic pole block 21B and the third magnetic pole block 21C, and the second magnetic pole block 21B and the third magnetic pole block 21C, respectively. However, in addition to the intervening permanent magnet 231 of the first magnetic pole block 21A, an intervening permanent magnet 231 facing the first magnetic pole block 21A may be included. Similarly, the fourth magnetic pole block 21D includes an intervening permanent magnet 231 facing each of the second magnetic pole block 21B and the third magnetic pole block 21C, and the second magnetic pole block 21B and the third magnetic pole block 21C. Each may include an intervening permanent magnet 231 facing the fourth magnetic pole block 21D separately from the intervening permanent magnet 231 of the fourth magnetic pole block 21D. In other words, a pair of intervening permanent magnets 23 belonging to adjacent magnetic pole blocks between the adjacent iron cores of the first to fourth iron cores 22A to 22D of the first to fourth magnetic pole blocks 21A to 21D. May intervene.

In the unit cell 20, a pair of magnetic pole blocks adjacent to each other among the first to fourth magnetic pole blocks 21A to 21D form a plurality of magnetic paths. For example, as a magnetic path that enters the second magnetic pole block 21B as shown by the arrow Min in FIG. 1 and exits from the first magnetic pole block 21A as indicated by the arrow Mout, the following first magnetic path and second magnetic path are used. A path and a third magnetic path are formed. As shown by the arrow M1 in FIG. 1, the first magnetic path passes through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the first iron core 22A and the second iron core 22B, and the first magnetic path from the second magnetic pole block 21B. Enter the magnetic pole block 21A. The second magnetic path passes from the second magnetic pole block 21B to the fourth through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the second core 22B and the fourth core 22D, as shown by the arrow M2 in FIG. It enters the magnetic pole block 21D, passes through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the third magnetic pole block 21C and the fourth magnetic pole block 21D, enters the third magnetic pole block 21C from the fourth magnetic pole block 21D, and enters the first magnetic pole. The third magnetic pole block 21C enters the first magnetic pole block 21A through the intervening permanent magnet 23 between the block 21A and the third magnetic pole block 21C. As shown by the arrow M3 in FIG. 1, the third magnetic path passes from the second magnetic pole block 21B through the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) of the second iron core 22B. It exits and enters the first magnetic pole block 21A through the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) of the first iron core 22A.

As described above, in the unit cell 20, since a plurality of magnetic paths exist in the unit cell 20, the effective area which is the area of the portion through which the magnetic flux passes in each

permanent magnet

231 and 232 is large.

Further, in the unit cell 20, since the effective areas of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets 231 and the plurality of opposite sides 232 are small, it is possible to secure a large magnetoresistance even if each permanent magnet has a small thickness. It is possible. This makes it possible to reduce the demagnetic field in the unit cell 20.

The magnitude of the magnetic flux output to the outside by the plurality of intervening permanent magnets 231 and the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 232 is proportional to the total effective area through which the magnetic flux passes in each permanent magnet, and the countermagnetic field generated in the permanent magnets. It is inversely proportional to the size. Therefore, in the unit cell 20 having a three-dimensional magnetic pole structure as shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of

permanent magnets

231 and 232 can output a large magnetic flux to the outside.

As described above, the purpose of the three-dimensional magnetic pole structure of the unit cell 20 is to increase the energy of the magnetic field in the void. For example, when a magnetic field generator including the unit cell 20 is applied to an electric motor, a large electromagnetic force is applied with a small current by increasing the amount of energy of the magnetic field generated in a void, which is a place where an externally applied current easily interacts. Allows to be obtained. This is because the required voltage is large but the Joule loss is reduced.

The size of the gap is important for the magnetic field generator including the three-dimensional magnetic pole structure as described above to be effective, that is, for generating a large amount of magnetic flux in the gap. FIG. 2 shows the porosity and the magnetic flux density in the void in both the unit cell 20 and the structure according to the comparative example having a general magnetic pole arrangement, specifically, the comparative structure 90 as shown in FIG. It is a graph showing the relationship with. The comparative structure 90 is a two-dimensional magnetic pole structure as shown in FIG. 3, and is a schematic representation of a general SPM structure, that is, a structure of a surface permanent magnet type motor. In Figure 2, the ratio of the magnetic flux density B _g in the gap for the residual magnetic flux density B _r in the case of applying the comparative structure 90 on opposite Jikyokuko through the gap facing the magnetic body is shown in dashed lines, the Jikyokuko the ratio of the magnetic flux density B _g is represented by the solid line in the gap in the space for the residual magnetic flux density B _r in a case where the three-dimensional magnetic structure according to the unit cell 90 as shown in FIG. 1 is applied to.

Hereinafter, the calculation method of the magnetic flux in the void will be described. The calculation is performed on the assumption that the cross-sectional area of the magnetic path and the thickness of each permanent magnet are constant.

First, a case where the comparative structure 90, which is the SPM structure, is applied to the magnetic monopole will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the comparative structure 90 includes an iron core 92 and a permanent magnet 93 arranged in the middle of the iron core 92, and the iron core 92 has a gap 97 at a position opposite to the permanent magnet 93. It has a pair of ends facing each other across the magnet. In this comparative structure 90, a magnetic path M9 as shown in FIG. 3 is formed. The magnetic path M9 circulates through the permanent magnet 93, the upstream portion 92a of the iron core 92, the gap 97, and the downstream portion 92b of the iron core 92 in this order so as to return to the permanent magnet 93.

Here, the magnetic field strength in the permanent magnet 93, the magnetic flux density, respectively a magnetic flux _H m, _{B m,} and [Phi _m, the magnetic field strength in the core 92, the magnetic flux density, respectively a magnetic flux _H _{_i, B} i, Φ i _Let the strength of the magnetic field, the magnetic flux density, and the magnetic flux in the void 97 be H g, B _g , and Φ _g , respectively. Further, the thickness of the permanent magnet 93 and the area of the plane perpendicular to the magnetic path are set to l _m and S _m , respectively, and the length of the iron core 92 and the area of the plane perpendicular to the magnetic path are set to l _i and S _{i, respectively.} _Let l g and S _g be the width of and the area of the plane perpendicular to the magnetic path, respectively. Further, the residual magnetic flux density and B _r, the magnetic permeability of vacuum and mu _0, the relative permeability of the iron core 92 and mu _r.

First, from Ampere's Maxwell's equation, the following equation holds.

_{Further, the magnetic flux densities B m} , _Bi , and B _g in each of the permanent magnet 93, the iron core 92, and the void 97 are represented by the following equations 1, 2, and 3, respectively.

The following equations are derived from these equations. The

Here, in the magnetic path M9 of FIG. 3, Φ _m = Φ _i = Φ _g . Further, if μ _r >> _{μ 0} and S _m = S _g = S, the above equation is converted as follows.

And finally, the following equation is obtained. This is the formula of the curve shown by the broken line in FIG. The

Next, a case where a three-dimensional magnetic pole structure as shown in FIG. 1 is used for the magnetic pole element will be described.

Here, the strength and magnetic flux density of the magnetic field in the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the first iron core 22A in the first magnetic pole block 21A and the second iron core 22B in the second magnetic pole block 21B are H _z and B _{z, respectively.} The strength and magnetic flux density of the magnetic field in the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the first iron core 22A in the first magnetic pole block 21A and the third iron core 22C in the third magnetic pole block 21C are H _φ and B _{φ, respectively.} The strength and magnetic flux density of the magnetic field in the opposite permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) of the first iron core 22A are _defined as _Hra and Bra, respectively. Further, the thickness and effective area of the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the first iron core 22A in the first magnetic pole block 21A and the second iron core 22B in the second magnetic pole block 21B (the first in the intervening permanent magnet 231). 1 The area of the region where the first magnet surface facing the iron core 22A and the second magnet surface facing the second iron core 22B overlap each other in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface. Te, the intervening permanent magnet 231 is in the case of a rectangular parallelepiped corresponding to the respective areas of the first and second magnets face.) respectively l _z, and a _z, the first in the first magnetic pole block 21A The thickness and effective area of the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the iron core 22A and the third iron core 22C in the third magnetic pole block 21C (the first magnet surface facing the first iron core 22A in the intervening permanent magnet 231 and the first magnet). 3 Areas of regions where the second magnet surface facing the iron core 22C overlaps with the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface in the normal direction) are set to l _φ and A _φ , respectively, and the first iron core 22A. The thickness and effective area of the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) (the first magnet surface facing the opposite side surface of the first iron core 22A in the opposite side permanent magnet 232 and the first magnet surface). The area of the region where the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface facing the opposite side of the first magnet surface overlap each other when viewed in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface, and the intervening permanent magnet 231 is a rectangular body. If corresponds to the respective areas of the first and second magnets face.) respectively l _ra, and a _ra. Further, the strength of the magnetic field, the magnetic flux density, and the magnetic flux in the gap between the first to fourth magnetic pole surfaces 24A to 24D and the facing magnetic body 10 are H _g , B _g , and Φ _g , respectively, and the residual magnetic flux density is B. _{Let r} be, the magnetic permeability of the vacuum be μ _0, and the respective areas of the first to fourth magnetic flux surfaces 24A to 24D be A _f . Further, the first to fourth iron cores 22A to 22D have a sufficiently high magnetic permeability, and its magnetic resistance is considered to be zero.

Next, the above-mentioned three magnetic paths formed in the three-dimensional magnetic pole structure, that is, the first magnetic path, the second magnetic path, and the third magnetic path will be considered.

In FIG. 4, the first magnetic path among the three magnetic paths is emphasized by a thick arrow, and the other magnetic paths are indicated by thin arrows. The first magnetic path exits the first magnetic pole block 21A, passes through the facing magnetic material 10 and enters the second magnetic pole block 21B, and is said to be between the first iron core 22A and the second iron core 22B. Since it enters the magnetic pole block 21A through the intervening permanent magnet 23, the following equation holds if the magnetic path resistance of the facing magnetic body 10 is sufficiently small.

In FIG. 5, the second magnetic path among the three magnetic paths is emphasized by a thick arrow, and the other magnetic paths are indicated by thin arrows. The second magnetic path exits the first magnetic pole block 21A, passes through the facing magnetic body 10 and enters the second magnetic pole block 21B, and the second magnetic path is between the second iron core 22B and the fourth iron core 22D. It enters the fourth magnetic pole block 21D through the intervening permanent magnet 231 and enters the third magnetic pole block 21C through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the third iron core 22C and the fourth iron core 22D, and enters the third magnetic pole block 21C. Since the first magnetic pole block 21A is entered through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the 1 iron core 21A and the 3rd iron core 21C, the following equation holds.

In FIG. 6, the third magnetic path among the three magnetic paths is emphasized by a thick line arrow, and the other magnetic paths are indicated by a thin line arrow. The third magnetic path exits the first magnetic pole block 21A, passes through the facing magnetic material 10, enters the second magnetic pole block 21B, and is arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) of the second iron core 22B. Opposite side arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) of the first iron core 22A through the opposite side permanent magnet 23, exiting from the second magnetic pole block 21B, passing through, for example, the back yoke 25 shown in FIG. Since it enters the first magnetic pole block 21A through the side permanent magnet 232, the following equation holds.

_{Further, the magnetic flux density B z} in the intervening permanent magnet 23 between the first iron core 22A and the second iron core 22B, and the magnetic flux in the intervening permanent magnet 23 between the first iron core 22A and the third iron core 22C. _{The magnetic flux density Bras} of the density B _φ and the magnetic flux density Bra in the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 1) of the first iron core 22A are the following first, second, and third equations, respectively. It is represented by.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the preservation of the magnetic flux of the first to third magnetic paths at an arbitrary position P of the first magnetic pole block 21A. Since the magnetic flux flowing into the position P and the magnetic flux flowing out from the position P are equal to each other, the following equation holds. The

The following equations are derived from these equations. The

Here, if A _ra = A _φ = A _z = A _f = S and l _ra = l _φ = l _z = l _m , the following equation is finally obtained. This is the equation of the curve shown by the solid line in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the three-dimensional magnetic flux structure relating to the unit cell 202, _{when the condition of lg} / l _m <1 is satisfied, that is, the first to fourth magnetic flux surfaces 24A to 24D in the unit cell 20 comparative structure the maximum width of the air gap in the case is less than or equal to the minimum thickness of the plurality of

permanent magnets

231, 232, the same permanent magnet thickness l _g and the same gap width l _m is set between the opposed magnetic body 10 and It is possible to generate a larger magnetic flux in the void than 90. On the contrary, when l _g / l _m > 1, the effect of increasing the magnetic flux cannot be expected. This indicates that the interaction between the permanent magnets, that is, the action of any permanent magnet on the other permanent magnets, and the resulting weakening of the magnetic flux is remarkable.

The above condition, that is, the condition of l _g / l _m <1, assumes that the thickness and the effective magnetic path area of all the permanent magnets are the same, and the three-dimensional structure and the figure relating to the unit cell 20 shown in FIG. Although it is derived by comparison with the comparative structure 90 shown in 3, the condition for generating more magnetic flux than the general arrangement of permanent magnets can be derived as follows.

The conditions described below are the structures shown in FIGS. 8A and 8C, that is, the unit cell 30 and the unit cell 40 corresponding to the first modification and the second modification of the first embodiment, respectively. Based on the structures shown in FIGS. 8B and 8D, that is, the unit cells 39 and the unit cells 49 according to the first comparative example and the second comparative example corresponding to the first and second modifications, respectively. Be guided.

The unit cell 30 according to the first modification shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 9 is the unit cell 20 shown in FIG. 1 with a back yoke 25 added. The back yoke 25 is formed of a magnetic material so as to promote magnetic flux flowing between the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 232 arranged on opposite side surfaces of the first to fourth iron cores 22A to 22D. , The plurality of permanent magnets 232 on the opposite side are arranged on the opposite side (lower side in FIG. 8A) from the first to fourth iron cores. The back yoke 25 exemplified in FIG. 8A is such that the plurality of the back yokes 25 are in contact with the surface (lower surface in FIG. 8A) opposite to the first to fourth iron cores 22A to 22D among the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 232. It is attached to the permanent magnet 232 on the opposite side of the.

Also in the unit cell 30, three magnetic paths are formed for the magnetic pole blocks adjacent to each other among the first to fourth magnetic pole blocks 21A to 21D. For example, as a magnetic path from entering the second magnetic pole block 21B as shown by the arrow Min in FIG. 9 and exiting from the first magnetic pole block 21A as shown by the arrow Mout, the following first magnetic circuit and the second magnetic path are used. A magnetic path and a third magnetic path are formed. The first magnetic path passes from the second magnetic pole block 21B through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the first core 22A and the second core 22B, as shown by an arrow M1 in FIG. Enter the 1 magnetic pole block 21A. The second magnetic path passes from the second magnetic pole block 21B to the second magnetic path through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the second core 22B and the fourth core 22D, as shown by the arrow M2 in FIG. It enters the 4-pole block 21D, passes through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the third core 22C and the fourth core 22D, enters the third magnetic pole block 21C from the fourth magnetic pole block 21D, and enters the first iron core. The third magnetic pole block 21C enters the first magnetic pole block 21A through the intervening permanent magnet 23 between the 22A and the third iron core 22C. As shown by the arrow M4 in FIG. 9, the third magnetic path passes through the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 9) of the second magnetic pole block 21B, and the second magnetic pole block 21B. The first magnetic pole block 21A enters the first magnetic pole block 21A through the back yoke 25 and the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 9) of the first iron core 22A.

When the three-dimensional magnetic pole structure shown in FIG. 9 is applied to a magnetic pole element of an electric motor, a surface facing the armature of the electric motor, that is, a surface composed of a plurality of sets of first to fourth magnetic pole surfaces 24A to 24D. In ,, it is preferable that the first magnetic pole and the second magnetic pole opposite to the first magnetic pole (for example, N pole and S pole) are arranged alternately and periodically. For example, even if the magnetic monopole moves relative to the armature in only one direction, at least a pair of N poles and S poles in both the moving direction and the direction orthogonal to the moving direction. Should be placed. With the arrangement of magnetic poles in only one axial direction, it is not possible to secure inflow and outflow paths for many magnetic fluxes, and since a three-dimensional magnetic circuit cannot be constructed, the generated magnetic flux decreases and the performance of the motor deteriorates. Because.

In the unit cell 39 according to the first comparative example shown in FIG. 8B, the first to fourth iron cores 22A to 22D and the plurality of

permanent magnets

231 and 232 of the unit cell 30 according to the first modification are four permanent magnets. It has been replaced by magnets, namely the first permanent magnet 26A, the second permanent magnet 26B, the third permanent magnet 26C and the fourth permanent magnet 26D. The first to fourth permanent magnets 26A to 26D are arranged at positions corresponding to the first core 22A to the fourth core 22D, respectively. That is, the first permanent magnet 26A is adjacent to the second permanent magnet 26B and the third permanent magnet 26C in two directions orthogonal to each other on the arrangement surface, and the fourth permanent magnet 26D is orthogonal to each other on the arrangement surface. The second permanent magnet 26B and the third permanent magnet 26C are adjacent to each other in two directions. However, another permanent magnet corresponding to the intervening permanent magnet 23 is not interposed between the permanent magnets adjacent to each other, and the permanent magnets adjacent to each other are arranged so as to be in direct contact with each other.

8C Further, the unit cell 40 according to the second modification shown in FIG. 10 includes a fifth core 22E, a sixth core 22F, a seventh core 22G, an eighth core (not shown), and these in the unit cell 20. A plurality of intervening permanent magnets 231 provided for the fifth iron cores 22E to 22G are added. The fifth iron core 22E is on the opposite side of the first iron core 22A with the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface of the first iron core 22A among the plurality of opposite side permanent magnets 232 (in FIG. 10). It has a fifth magnetic pole surface 24E which is arranged on the lower side) and faces the side opposite to the first iron core 22A (lower side in FIG. 10). The sixth core 22F is opposite to the second core 22B with the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface of the second core 22B among the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 232 (in FIG. 10). It has a sixth magnetic pole surface 24F which is arranged on the lower side) and faces the side opposite to the second iron core 22B (lower side in FIG. 10). The seventh core 22G is opposite to the third core 22C with the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface of the third core 22C among the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 232 (in FIG. 10). It has a seventh magnetic pole surface 24G which is arranged on the lower side) and faces the side opposite to the third iron core 22C (lower side in FIG. 10). The eighth core (not shown) is opposite to the fourth core 22D with the opposite permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side of the fourth core 22D among the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 232 (FIG. 10). It is arranged on the lower side) and has an eighth magnetic pole surface (not shown) facing the side opposite to the fourth iron core 22D (lower side in FIG. 10).

The fifth core 22E is orthogonal to each other in the second arrangement plane parallel to the first arrangement plane in which the first to fourth cores 22A to 22D are arranged, respectively, of the sixth core 22F and the seventh core 22G. Adjacent to each other in the direction, the eighth core is adjacent to each of the sixth core 22F and the seventh core 22G and each other in the two directions. The fifth magnetic pole surface 24E and the eighth magnetic pole surface both form the second magnetic pole (for example, the S pole) like the first magnetic pole surface 24A and the fourth magnetic pole surface 24D, and the sixth magnetic pole surface 24F and the sixth magnetic pole surface 24F. The seventh magnetic pole surface 24G all constitutes the first magnetic pole (for example, N pole) like the second magnetic pole surface 24B and the third magnetic pole surface 24C.

The unit cell 40 includes a first magnetic pole block 21A, a second magnetic pole block 21B, a third magnetic pole block 21C, a fourth magnetic pole block 21D, a fifth magnetic pole block 21E, a sixth magnetic pole block 21F, a seventh magnetic pole block 21G, and not shown. It is composed of an eighth magnetic pole block. The first magnetic pole block 21A includes the first iron core 22A, shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the second magnetic pole block 21B and the third magnetic pole block 21C, and has the fifth magnetic pole. The opposite permanent magnet 232 is shared with the block 21E. The second magnetic pole block 21B includes the second iron core 22B, shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the first magnetic pole block 21A and the fourth magnetic pole block 21D, and has the sixth magnetic pole. The opposite permanent magnet 232 is shared with the block 21F. The third magnetic pole block 21C includes the third iron core 22C, shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the first magnetic pole block 21A and the fourth magnetic pole block 21D, and has the seventh magnetic pole. The opposite permanent magnet 232 is shared with the block 21G. The fourth magnetic pole block 21D includes the fourth iron core 22D, shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the second magnetic pole block 21B and the third magnetic pole block 21C, and is not shown. The opposite permanent magnet 232 is shared with the 8-pole block. The fifth magnetic pole block 21E includes the fifth iron core 22E, shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the sixth magnetic pole block 21F and the seventh magnetic pole block 21G, and has the first magnetic pole. The opposite permanent magnet 232 is shared with the block 21A. The sixth magnetic pole block 21F includes the sixth iron core 22F, shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the fifth magnetic pole block 21E and the eighth magnetic pole block (not shown), and the second. The opposite side permanent magnet 232 is shared with the magnetic pole block 21B. The 7th magnetic pole block 21G includes the 7th iron core 22G, shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the 5th magnetic pole block 21E and the 8th magnetic pole block (not shown), and the third magnetic pole block. The opposite side permanent magnet 232 is shared with the magnetic pole block 21C. The eighth magnetic pole block (not shown) includes the eighth iron core, shares the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the sixth magnetic pole block 21F and the seventh magnetic pole block 21G, and has the fourth magnetic pole. The opposite permanent magnet 232 is shared with the block 21D.

The unit cell 40 also forms a plurality of magnetic paths in each of the magnetic pole blocks adjacent to each other among the first to eighth magnetic pole blocks. For example, as a magnetic path from entering the second magnetic pole block 21B as shown by the arrow Min in FIG. 10 and exiting from the first magnetic pole block 21A as indicated by the arrow Mout, the following first magnetic circuit, the first magnetic path. Two magnetic paths and a third magnetic path are formed. As shown by the arrow M1 in FIG. 10, the first magnetic path passes through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the first iron core 22A and the second iron core 22B, and the first magnetic path from the second magnetic pole block 21B. Enter the magnetic pole block 21A. The second magnetic path passes from the second magnetic pole block 21B to the fourth through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the second core 22B and the fourth core 22D, as shown by the arrow M2 in FIG. It enters the magnetic pole block 21D, passes through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the third iron core 22C and the fourth iron core 22D, enters the third magnetic pole block 21C from the fourth magnetic pole block 21D, and enters the first iron core 22A. It enters the first magnetic pole block 21A from the third magnetic pole block 21C through the intervening permanent magnet 231 between the third iron core 21C. As shown by the arrow M5 in FIG. 10, the third magnetic path passes through the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 10) of the second iron core 22B, and the sixth magnetic pole block 21F. Enters the fifth magnetic pole block 21E, exits from the sixth magnetic pole block 21F, enters the fifth magnetic pole block 21E as shown by arrow M6 in FIG. 9, and is permanently opposite to the opposite side surface (lower surface in FIG. 10) of the first iron core 22A. It is a magnetic path that enters the first magnetic pole block 21A through the magnet 232.

The three-dimensional magnetic pole structure of the unit cell 40 can be applied to, for example, a rotary double gap motor described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-98929. In this case, the unit cell 40 is formed in a fan-shaped columnar shape lacking a radial inner portion and incorporated into the rotor of the double gap motor. For example, the unit cell 40 is formed in a fan-shaped columnar shape so that the first magnetic pole block 21A, the second magnetic block 21B, the fifth magnetic pole block 21E, and the sixth magnetic block 21F are located radially inside. The unit cell 40 is in a posture in which the first to fourth magnetic pole blocks 21A to 21D of the unit cell 40 face one of the axial directions of the rotor, and the fifth to eighth magnetic pole blocks face the other in the axial direction. It is better to incorporate it in the rotor.

In the unit cell 49 according to the second comparative example shown in FIG. 8D, the first to eighth iron cores and the plurality of

permanent magnets

231 and 232 of the unit cell 40 according to the second modification are four permanent magnets, that is, It has been replaced by a first permanent magnet 26A, a second permanent magnet 26B, a third permanent magnet 26C and a fourth permanent magnet 26D. The first permanent magnet 26A is arranged at a position corresponding to the first iron core 22A and the fifth iron core 22E, and the second permanent magnet 26B is a position corresponding to the second iron core 22B and the sixth iron core 22F. The third permanent magnet 26C is arranged at a position corresponding to the third iron core 22C and the seventh iron core 22G, and the fourth permanent magnet 26D is arranged on the fourth iron core 22D and the eighth iron core. It is located in the corresponding position. Therefore, similarly to the unit cell 39 according to the first comparative example, the first permanent magnet 26A is adjacent to the second permanent magnet 26B and the third permanent magnet 26C in two directions orthogonal to each other on the arrangement plane. The fourth permanent magnet 26D is adjacent to the second permanent magnet 26B and the third permanent magnet 26C in two directions orthogonal to each other on the arrangement plane. Also in this unit cell 49, the one corresponding to the intervening permanent magnet 23 does not intervene between the permanent magnets adjacent to each other, and the permanent magnets adjacent to each other are arranged so as to be in contact with each other.

In the

unit cells

30 and 40 according to the first and second modifications shown in FIGS. 8A and 8C, the first alignment dimension in which the first magnetic pole block 21A and the second magnetic pole block 21B are aligned. Let b be the dimension of the second alignment direction in which the first magnetic pole block 21A and the third magnetic pole block 21C are aligned, that is, the direction orthogonal to the first alignment direction. The area occupied by the first to fourth magnetic pole blocks 21A to 21D when viewed in the vertical direction in FIG. 8C, that is, the area of the first to fourth magnetic pole surfaces 24A to 24D and the first to fourth iron cores 22A to The sum of the areas of the surfaces (upper surfaces in FIGS. 8A and 8C) facing in the opposite direction in each of the intervening permanent magnets 231 interposed between the iron cores adjacent to each other in 22D is represented by a × b. .. Area A _C per one magnetic blocks of the sum of the area is represented by _{A C = a × b / 4} . The height dimension I _C of each magnetic _block, i.e. the opposite direction parallel to the direction of the dimension are the respective dimensions of the first to fourth iron cores 22A ~ 22D on the opposite direction, the first It is the sum of the thicknesses of the opposite side permanent magnets 232 arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the fourth iron cores 22A to 22D. However, in the unit cell 40 shown in FIG. 8C, the first magnetic pole block 21A, the second magnetic pole block 21B, the third magnetic pole block 21C and the fourth magnetic pole block 21D are the fifth magnetic pole block 21E and the said, respectively. Since the opposite side permanent magnet 232 is shared between the 6th magnetic pole block 21F, the 7th magnetic pole block 21G, and the 8th magnetic pole block, the substantially height dimension of each magnetic pole block is the said magnetic pole. It is the sum of the height dimension of the iron core included in the block and 1/2 of the thickness of the opposite side permanent magnet 232 arranged on the opposite side surface of the iron core.

In the unit cell 39 according to the first and second comparative examples shown in FIGS. 8B and 8D, the dimension in the first alignment direction, which is the direction in which the first permanent magnet 26A and the second permanent magnet 26B are aligned, is a. If the dimension of the second alignment direction in which the first permanent magnet 26A and the third permanent magnet 26C are aligned, that is, the direction orthogonal to the first alignment direction is b, the first is viewed in the opposite direction. The area occupied by the fourth permanent magnets 26A to 26D is represented by a × b. Area A _C per one permanent magnet of the sum of the area is represented by _{A C = a × b / 4} . Also, it is compared with the height dimension I _C of height I _C of each of the permanent magnets according to the first and second modified examples.

Next, the magnetic fluxes formed in the first and second modifications and the first and second comparative examples will be considered. The symbols used in the following description are common to the symbols used for the unit cell 20 shown in FIG. 1, except for the symbols shown in FIGS. 8A-8D. However, the magnetic flux densities and magnetic fluxes in the gap between the magnetic flux element including the unit cell 30 according to the first modification and the armature facing the armature are particularly B _gD and Φ _gD , respectively, and the same applies to the first modification. The magnetic flux densities and magnetic fluxes in the gap between the magnetic flux element including the unit cell 30 and the armature facing the magnetic flux element are defined as B _gC and Φ _gC , respectively.

Since the magnetic flux density B _{gD according} _{to the first modification is the same as the magnetic flux density B g} derived for the three-dimensional magnetic pole structure according to the first unit cell 20 shown in FIG. 1, it is expressed by the following equation. To.

Further, the magnetic flux number Φ _gD generated in the void is expressed by the following equation.

On the other hand, the magnetic blocks of the

unit cells

39 and 49 according to the first and second comparative examples shown in FIGS. 8B and 8D, that is, the

unit cells

30 and 40 according to the first and second modified examples are permanently magnetized. _{The magnetic flux density B gC} for the SPM structure constructed by replacing with is expressed by the following equation because it can be regarded as equivalent to the _{magnetic flux density B gC} derived for the SPM structure shown in FIG.

The magnetic flux number Φ _gC generated in the void is expressed by the following equation.

Here, in the first modification, the following conditions are used as conditions for improving the magnetic flux in the void. The

From this equation, as a condition to be satisfied dimension l _g of the gap is, the condition expressed by the following equation is obtained.

Next, the magnetic flux according to the second modification will be considered. In the following description, the newly, the sum V _D of the volume of all the

permanent magnets

231 and 232 included in the three-dimensional magnetic structure in accordance with the unit cell 40, the total volume V _C of the three-dimensional magnetic structure is introduced To.

In the first modification and the first comparison, comparisons are made between

unit cells

30 and 39 having the same volume, but in the second modification, the amount of permanent magnet used is reduced. Conditions for generating a magnetic flux exceeding the second comparative example in the void are required.

This condition is expressed by the following formula. The

The magnetic field generated in the void by the magnetic field generator according to the present embodiment can be used, for example, for spectroscopy or a process of sieving charged particles. In that case, the magnetic field generator may further include a magnetic substance contained in the void, which corresponds to at least one of a magnetic fluid, a magnetic powder, and a magnetic particle.

Further, when the magnetic field generator according to the present embodiment is used in a motor, the encapsulation of the magnetic fluid in the void in the motor reduces the magnetic resistance in the void and collects more magnetic flux in the void. enable.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13. The magnetic field generator according to the present embodiment is applied to the linear motor 100 as shown in FIG. The linear motor 100 is a so-called double-sided linear motor, and includes a magnetic monopole 120 and a pair of armatures 110. The magnetic pole element 120 includes a plurality of magnetic pole blocks arranged in a preset movable direction, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks constitutes a plurality of magnetic poles in which the plurality of magnetic pole blocks are alternately inverted in the movable direction. The pair of armatures 110 are arranged so as to sandwich the magnetic monopole 120 in the left-right direction. The pair of armatures 110 form a magnetic field for linearly moving the magnetic monopole 120 relative to the pair of armatures 110 in the movable direction. The magnetic pole 120 may be a mover and the pair of armatures 110 may be a stator, or the pair of armatures 110 may be a mover and the magnetic pole 120 may be a stator. In the following description, a case where the magnetic monopole 120 is a mover and the pair of armatures 110 are stators for moving the mover will be described. In the following description, with respect to the posture shown in FIG. 11, the linear motion direction is referred to as a front-rear direction, and the direction in which the pair of armatures 110 and the magnetic pole elements 120 are arranged is referred to as a left-right direction. The direction orthogonal to both the direction and the left-right direction may be referred to as a vertical direction.

FIG. 12A shows an armature 110 located on the left side of the magnetic monopole 120 of the pair of armatures 110. The armature 110 includes a plurality of armature coils 111 and an armature core 115 which is a magnetic material portion shown in FIG. 12B, and the armature core 115 includes a plurality of teeth portions 112 and a yoke portion 113. Have one. Each of the plurality of teeth portions 112 constitutes a coil iron core. The yoke portion 113 has a flat plate shape, and the plurality of teeth portions 112 project from the right side surface (the left side of the armature 110 located on the right side of the magnetic pole element 120) toward the magnetic pole element 120. do. The plurality of tooth portions 112 are arranged so as to be arranged in the front-rear direction in each of the upper and lower stages, and project to the right from the yoke portion 113 (to the left in the armature 110 located on the right side of the magnetic pole 120). The armature core 115 is made of a soft magnetic material such as soft iron or soft ferrite.

Each of the plurality of teeth portions 112 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape shown in FIG. 12B, for example. The plurality of armature coils 111 are composed of conductors wound around each of the plurality of teeth portions 112. The armature 110 according to this embodiment includes 20

armature coils

111, and 10 armature coils 111 are arranged in each of the upper and lower stages.

As shown in FIG. 11, the magnetic monopole 120 is arranged between the pair of armatures 110. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the magnetic monopole 120. As shown in FIG. 13, the magnetic pole element 120 includes a plurality of magnetic pole blocks 121 and a plurality of (three in FIG. 13) support members 126.

Each of the plurality of support members 126 is composed of the non-magnetic material extending in the front-rear direction, and is arranged in a posture parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction. The plurality of magnetic poles 121 are arranged in the front-rear direction between the support members 126 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction among the plurality of support members 126, that is, over two upper and lower stages.

Each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 121 includes a single magnetic pole core 122 and a plurality of permanent magnets 123 arranged around the monopole core 122. The plurality of magnetic pole blocks 121 are, for example, a plurality of unit cells, and each of the plurality of unit cells is a unit cell 40 as shown in FIG. 10, that is, the first to eighth magnetic pole blocks are in three directions. It is possible to be composed of the unit cells 40, which are arranged in. For example, the upper portion of the monopole 40 shown in FIG. 10 coincides with the right portion of the monopole 120 shown in FIG. 13, and the lower portion of the monopole 40 shown in FIG. 10 is the said portion shown in FIG. The monopole 40 is arranged so as to coincide with the left side portion of the monopole 120. The first to eighth cores 22A to 22D constituting the unit cell 40 are included in the plurality of magnetic pole cores 122 of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 121. Each monopole core 122 has a monopole surface 124 facing the armature 110. The plurality of permanent magnets 123 are arranged on the opposite side surfaces of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets interposed between the magnetic monopoles 122 adjacent to each other among the plurality of magnetic monopoles 122 and the respective magnetic monopoles 122. Includes multiple opposite permanent magnets.

The plurality of magnetic pole blocks 121 are arranged so as to be in surface contact with each other. Of the plurality of magnetic monopoles 122, the magnetic monopole surfaces 124 of the two magnetic monopoles 122 adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction in each of the upper and lower stages form magnetic poles opposite to each other, and are adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. The magnetic monopole surfaces 124 of the monopole core 122 also form magnetic poles opposite to each other. That is, the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 121 are arranged over two rows so that the magnetic poles of the magnetic pole element magnetic pole surfaces 124 of the plurality of magnetic pole cores 122 are alternately inverted in both the front-rear direction and the vertical direction. Therefore, one of the surfaces joined to each other in the two adjacent magnetic pole blocks 121 constitutes an S pole and the other is an N pole, which means that the two adjacent magnetic pole blocks 121 are attracted to each other by magnetic force to form a plurality of poles. Allows the magnetic pole blocks 121 to be easily arranged in two rows.

In the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 121, the magnetic pole surface 124 of the plurality of magnetic monopoles 122 faces left and right, and the four outer surfaces other than the monopole surface 124 face forward, backward, upward, and downward. They are arranged so that they face each other.

In the linear motor 100 having the above configuration, a magnetic field is generated around each of the plurality of armature coils 111 by passing a current in an appropriate direction through the plurality of armature coils 111. At this time, the surface of each of the plurality of teeth portions 112 facing the magnetic monopole 120 is the magnetic pole surface, that is, the armature magnetic pole surface 114. Then, the armature magnetic pole surface 114 and the magnetic monopole surface 124 are attracted or repelled by magnetic force. Therefore, the magnetic monopole 120 can be moved in the front-rear direction by controlling the current flowing through the armature coil 111 so that the magnetic field generated by the plurality of armature coils 111 changes.

The plurality of support members 126 can be omitted. For example, the magnetic pole blocks 121 adjacent to each other may be directly connected to each other by an adhesive or the like.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 to 16. The magnetic field generator according to this embodiment is applied to a linear motor 200 as shown in FIG. The linear motor 200 is a single-sided linear motor, and includes a magnetic pole 220 and an armature 210. The magnetic pole element 220 includes a plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 arranged in a preset movable direction and a left-right direction, and the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 have a plurality of magnetic poles that are alternately inverted in the movable direction and the left-right direction. Configure. The armature 210 is arranged on the magnetic monopole 220 with a gap between the magnetic monopole 220 and the magnetic monopole 220. The armature 210 forms a magnetic field for linearly moving the magnetic monopole 220 relative to the armature 210 in the movable direction. The magnetic pole 220 may be a mover and the armature 210 may be a stator, or the armature 210 may be a mover and the magnetic pole 220 may be a stator. In the following description, a case where the magnetic pole 220 is the mover and the armature 210 is the stator will be described. In the following description, the movable direction is called the front-rear direction, the direction in which the armature 210 and the magnetic pole element 220 are lined up is called the vertical direction, and the direction orthogonal to both the movable direction and the vertical direction is the horizontal direction. Sometimes called.

As shown in FIG. 15A, the armature 210 includes a plurality of armature coils 211 and an armature core 215 which is a magnetic material portion shown in FIG. 15B, and the armature core 215 includes a plurality of teeth. The portion 212 and the yoke portion 213 are integrally provided. Each of the plurality of teeth portions 212 constitutes a coil iron core. The yoke portion 213 has a flat plate shape. The plurality of teeth portions 212 project downward from the lower surface of the yoke portion 213 and are arranged in both the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. The armature core 215 is made of a soft magnetic material such as soft iron or soft ferrite.

Each of the plurality of teeth portions 212 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape shown in FIG. 15B, for example. The plurality of armature coils 211 are composed of conductors wound around each of the plurality of teeth portions 212. The plurality of armature coils 211 are six armature coils 211 in the example shown in FIG. 15B, and three armature coils 211 are arranged in the left-right direction in each of the two rows arranged in the front-rear direction.

As shown in FIG. 14, the magnetic monopole 220 is arranged with a gap below the armature 210. FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the magnetic monopole 220. As shown in FIG. 16, the magnetic monopole 220 has a horizontal plate shape.

The magnetic pole 220 includes a plurality of magnetic monopoles 222 each having a magnetic pole surface 224, a plurality of permanent magnets, and a back yoke 225. The plurality of permanent magnets include a plurality of first permanent magnets 223A and a plurality of second permanent magnets 223B. Each of the plurality of first permanent magnets 223A has

portions

223a and 223b constituting the intervening permanent magnets interposed between the magnetic monopoles 222 adjacent to each other, and the opposite side surfaces of the plurality of magnetic monopoles 222. In FIG. 16, the portion 223c constituting the opposite permanent magnet arranged on the lower surface) is integrally provided. The second permanent magnet 223B is arranged exclusively as the opposite permanent magnet.

In other words, the magnetic pole 220 includes a plurality of magnetic blocks 221 and each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 is the magnetic monopole 222 and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged around the magnetic monopole 222. 1 and at least one of the second

permanent magnets

223A and 223B). The plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 are arranged on the back yoke 225 in both the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. The back yoke 225 is made of a rectangular parallelepiped soft magnetic material, and is arranged below the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221. The back yoke 225 prevents the magnetic poles on the opposite side (lower side in FIG. 16) from the magnetic monopole surface 224 in each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 from being exposed to the outside, and magnetizes the inside of the back yoke 225. Allows the road to be formed.

The combination of the four magnetic pole blocks 221 arranged in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction among the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 and the back yoke 225 corresponds to the configuration of the unit cell 30 shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the upper portion of the monopole 30 shown in FIG. 9 coincides with the upper portion of the monopole 220 shown in FIG. 16, and the lower portion of the monopole 30 shown in FIG. 9 is FIG. The monopole 30 is incorporated into the monopole 220 so as to coincide with the lower side of the monopole 220 shown in. The first to fourth cores 22A to 22D constituting the unit cell 30 are included in the magnetic pole cores 222 of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221.

The plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 are arranged so as to be in surface contact with each other. Of the plurality of magnetic monopoles 222, the magnetic monopole surfaces 224 of the magnetic monopoles 222 adjacent to each other form opposite magnetic poles. That is, the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 are arranged in a matrix so that the magnetic poles are alternately inverted in both the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. Therefore, one of the surfaces joined to each other in the two adjacent magnetic pole blocks 221 constitutes an S pole, and the other constitutes an N pole. This allows two adjacent magnetic pole blocks 221 to be attracted to each other by a magnetic force so that the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221 can be easily arranged in a matrix.

In the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 221, the magnetic monopole surface 224 of the plurality of magnetic monopoles 222 faces upward, and the four outer surfaces other than the magnetic monopole surface 224 face forward, backward, right, and left, respectively. Arranged like this.

In the linear motor 200 having the above configuration, a magnetic field is generated around each of the plurality of armature coils 211 by passing a current in an appropriate direction through the plurality of armature coils 211. At this time, the surface of each of the plurality of tooth portions 212 facing the magnetic monopole 220 is the magnetic pole surface, that is, the armature magnetic pole surface 214. Then, the armature magnetic pole surface 214 and the magnetic monopole surface 224 are attracted or repelled by magnetic force. Therefore, the magnetic monopole 220 can be moved in the front-rear direction by controlling the current flowing through the armature coil 211 so that the magnetic field generated by the plurality of armature coils 211 changes.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 19. The magnetic field generator according to the present embodiment is applied to the radial gap electric motor 300 as shown in FIG. The electric motor 300 includes a cylindrical magnetic monopole 320 and a cylindrical armature 310. The armature 310 and the monopole 320 are arranged concentrically with a gap between them, and the armature 310 surrounds the monopole 320.

The magnetic pole element 320 includes a plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 and constitutes a plurality of magnetic poles in which the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 are alternately inverted in the circumferential direction. The armature 310 is arranged outside the magnetic pole 320 in the radial direction. The armature 310 forms a magnetic field inside the armature 310 for rotating the magnetic monopole 320 relative to the armature 310. In the present embodiment, the magnetic pole 320 is a rotor and the armature 310 is a stator. In the following description, the direction of the rotation axis of the magnetic pole element 320 is referred to as an axial direction, the rotation direction of the magnetic pole element 320 around the rotation axis is referred to as a circumferential direction, and the rotation axis of the magnetic pole element 320 is referred to as a circumferential direction. The direction orthogonal to is sometimes called the radial direction.

FIG. 18A is a perspective view of the armature 310. The armature 310 includes a plurality of armature coils 311 and an armature core 315 which is a magnetic material portion shown in FIG. 18B, and the armature core 315 includes a plurality of teeth portions 312 and a yoke portion 313. And, in one piece. Each of the plurality of tooth portions 312 constitutes a coil iron core. The yoke portion 313 has a cylindrical shape. Each of the plurality of tooth portions 312 projects inward in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface of the yoke portion 313. The plurality of tooth portions 312 are arranged so as to be arranged in both the circumferential direction and the axial direction. The armature core 315 is made of a soft magnetic material such as soft iron or soft ferrite. The plurality of armature coils 311 are composed of conductors wound around each of the plurality of tooth portions 312. The plurality of armature coils 311 are 30 armature coils 311 in the example shown in FIG. 18B, and 15 armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction in each of the two rows arranged in the axial direction.

As shown in FIG. 17, the magnetic monopole 320 is arranged with the gap inside the armature 310 in the radial direction. FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the magnetic monopole 320. The magnetic pole 320 includes a plurality of magnetic monopoles 322, a plurality of intervening permanent magnets 3231, a plurality of opposite permanent magnets 3322, and a back yoke 325, and each of the plurality of magnetic monopoles 322 has a magnetic pole. It has a child magnetic pole surface (radial outer surface in FIG. 19) 324. The plurality of intervening permanent magnets 3231 are interposed between the magnetic pole cores 322 adjacent to each other among the plurality of magnetic cores 322, and the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 3232 are formed of the plurality of magnetic cores 322. It is arranged on the opposite side surface (diametrically inner peripheral surface in FIG. 19).

In other words, the magnetic pole element 320 includes the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 and the back yoke 325, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 has a single magnetic pole element core 322 and a plurality of magnet cores arranged around the magnetic pole block 321. The permanent magnets of the above include at least one of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets 3231 and one of the plurality of opposite permanent magnets 3232. The plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 are arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the back yoke 325. The back yoke 325 is made of a cylindrical soft magnetic material and is located inside the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 in the radial direction. The back yoke 325 prevents the surface of each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 on the side opposite to the magnetic pole surface 324 from being exposed to the outside, so that a magnetic path is formed in the back yoke 325. enable.

The combination of the four magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and the axial direction among the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 and the back yoke 325 corresponds to the configuration of the unit cell 30 shown in FIG. The unit cell 30 shown in FIG. 9 is formed in a fan-shaped columnar shape lacking an inner portion in the radial direction, and the upper portion of the unit cell 30 shown in FIG. 9 is in the radial direction of the magnetic pole element 320 shown in FIG. The monopole 30 is incorporated into the monopole 320 in a posture that coincides with the outer portion of the monopole and the lower portion of the monopole 30 shown in FIG. 9 coincides with the radial inner portion of the monopole 320 shown in FIG. Is done. Further, the first to fourth cores 22A to 22D shown in FIG. 9 are included in the magnetic pole core 322 of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321.

Each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 has a pair of rectangular side surfaces facing in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other are connected to each other in the circumferential direction so that one of the side surfaces of the magnetic pole block 321 touches each other. Will be done. The monopole surface 324 of the monopole core 322 of the two magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction constitutes opposite magnetic poles. That is, the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 are arranged in the circumferential direction so that the magnetic monopole surfaces 324 constituting the opposite magnetic poles are arranged alternately. Therefore, one of the surfaces of the magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction to be joined to each other constitutes an S pole, and the other constitutes an N pole. This makes it possible for the two magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other to be attracted to each other by a magnetic force so that the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 can be easily arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.

From a different point of view, the magnetic monopole 320 is composed of a plurality of annular structures stacked in the axial direction, and the plurality of annular structures are arranged in the circumferential direction as described above. It is composed of a magnetic pole block 321 of. Each of the magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other in the axial direction are connected to each other in the axial direction in a state where the side surfaces of the fan shape lacking the inner portion in the radial direction are in contact with each other. The magnetic monopole surfaces 324 of the monopole core 322 of the two magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other in the axial direction form opposite magnetic poles. That is, the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 are arranged in the axial direction so that the magnetic poles opposite to each other are arranged alternately. Therefore, one of the surfaces joined to each other in the magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other in the axial direction constitutes an S pole, and the other constitutes an N pole. This makes it possible for the two magnetic pole blocks 321 adjacent to each other in the axial direction to attract each other by a magnetic force so that the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 321 can be easily arranged side by side in the axial direction.

In the radial gap electric machine 300 having the above configuration, a magnetic field is generated around each of the plurality of armature coils 311 by passing a current in an appropriate direction through the plurality of armature coils 311. At this time, the surface of each of the plurality of tooth portions 312 facing the magnetic monopole 320 becomes the magnetic pole surface, that is, the armature magnetic pole surface 314. Then, the armature magnetic pole surface 314 and the magnetic monopole surface 324 are attracted or repelled by the magnetic force. Therefore, by controlling the current flowing through the plurality of armature coils 311 so that the magnetic field generated by the plurality of armature coils 311 changes, the magnetic monopole 320 can be rotated inside the armature 310. Is.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 20 to 22. The magnetic field generator according to this embodiment is applied to the radial gap motor 400 as shown in FIG. The radial gap electric motor 400 includes a cylindrical magnetic monopole 420 and a cylindrical armature 410. The armature 410 and the magnetic monopole 420 are arranged concentrically with a gap between them, and the magnetic monopole 420 surrounds the armature 410.

The magnetic pole element 420 includes a plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 constitutes a plurality of magnetic poles that are alternately inverted in the circumferential direction. The electric element 410 is arranged inside the magnetic pole element 420 in the radial direction. The armature 410 forms a magnetic field outside the armature 410 for rotating the magnetic monopole 420 relative to the armature 410. In the present embodiment, the magnetic pole 420 is a rotor and the armature 410 is a stator. In the following description, the direction of the rotation axis of the magnetic pole element 420 is referred to as an axial direction, the rotation direction of the magnetic pole element 420 centered on the rotation axis is referred to as a circumferential direction, and the rotation axis of the magnetic pole element 420 is referred to as a circumferential direction. The direction orthogonal to is sometimes called the radial direction.

FIG. 21A is a perspective view of the armature 410. The armature 410 includes a plurality of armature coils 411 and an armature core 415 which is a magnetic material portion shown in FIG. 21B, and the armature core 415 includes a plurality of tooth portions 412 and a yoke portion 413. And, in one piece. Each of the plurality of tooth portions 412 constitutes a coil iron core. The yoke portion 413 has a cylindrical shape. The plurality of tooth portions 412 project radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the yoke portion 413. The plurality of tooth portions 412 are arranged so as to be arranged in both the circumferential direction and the axial direction.

The armature core 415 is composed of a soft magnetic material such as soft iron and soft ferrite. The plurality of armature coils 411 are composed of conductors wound around each of the plurality of teeth portions 412. The plurality of armature coils 411 are 30 armature coils 311 in the example shown in FIG. 21B, and 15 armature coils are arranged in the circumferential direction in each of the two rows arranged in the axial direction.

As shown in FIG. 20, the magnetic monopole 420 is arranged with the gap on the outer side in the radial direction of the armature 410. FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the magnetic monopole 420. The magnetic pole 420 includes a plurality of magnetic monopoles 422, a plurality of intervening permanent magnets 4231, a plurality of opposite permanent magnets 4232, and a back yoke 425, and each of the plurality of magnetic monopoles 422 has a magnetic pole. It has a child magnetic pole surface (radial outer surface in FIG. 22) 424. The plurality of intervening permanent magnets 4231 are interposed between the magnetic pole cores 422 adjacent to each other among the plurality of magnetic cores 422, and the plurality of opposite side permanent magnets 4232 are the plurality of magnetic cores 422 of the plurality of magnetic cores 422. It is arranged on the opposite side surface (diametrically inner peripheral surface in FIG. 22).

In other words, the magnetic pole element 420 includes the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 and the back yoke 425, and each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 has a single magnetic monopole core 422 and a plurality of permanent magnets, that is, the said. Includes at least one of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets 4231 and one of the plurality of contralateral permanent magnets 4232. The plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 are arranged in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke 425. The back yoke 425 is made of a cylindrical soft magnetic material and is located on the outer side in the radial direction of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421. The back yoke 425 prevents the surface of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 on the side opposite to the magnetic pole surface 424 of each of the magnetic pole blocks 421 from being exposed to the outside, so that a magnetic path is formed in the back yoke 425. enable.

The combination of the four magnetic pole blocks 421 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and the axial direction among the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 and the back yoke 425 corresponds to the configuration of the unit cell 30 shown in FIG. The unit cell 30 shown in FIG. 9 is formed in a fan-shaped columnar shape lacking an inner portion in the radial direction, and for example, the upper portion of the unit cell 30 shown in FIG. 9 is the radius of the magnetic pole element 420 shown in FIG. The monopole 30 is attached to the monopole 420 in a posture that coincides with the inner portion in the direction and the lower portion of the monopole 30 shown in FIG. 9 coincides with the radial outer portion of the monopole 420 shown in FIG. Is incorporated. Further, the first to fourth cores 22A to 22D shown in FIG. 9 are included in the plurality of magnetic pole cores 122 of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421.

Each of the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 has a pair of rectangular side surfaces facing in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic pole blocks 421 adjacent to each other are connected to each other in the circumferential direction so that one of the side surfaces of the magnetic pole block 421 is in contact with each other. Will be done. The magnetic monopole surfaces 424 of the monopole core 422 of the two magnetic pole blocks 421 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction form opposite magnetic poles. That is, the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 are arranged in the circumferential direction so that the magnetic monopole surfaces 424 constituting the opposite magnetic poles are arranged alternately. Therefore, one of the surfaces of the magnetic pole blocks 421 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction to be joined to each other constitutes an S pole, and the other constitutes an N pole. This makes it possible for the two magnetic pole blocks 421 adjacent to each other to be attracted to each other by a magnetic force so that the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 can be easily arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.

From a different point of view, the magnetic monopole 420 is composed of a plurality of annular structures stacked in the axial direction, and the plurality of annular structures are arranged in the circumferential direction as described above. It is composed of a magnetic pole block 421 of. Each of the magnetic pole blocks 421 adjacent to each other in the axial direction are axially connected to each other in a state where the side surfaces of the fan shape lacking the inside in the radial direction are in contact with each other. The magnetic monopole surfaces 424 of the monopole core 422 of the two magnetic pole blocks 421 that are axially adjacent to each other form opposite magnetic poles. That is, the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 are arranged in the axial direction so that the magnetic poles opposite to each other are arranged alternately. Therefore, one of the surfaces joined to each other in the magnetic pole blocks 421 adjacent to each other in the axial direction constitutes an S pole, and the other constitutes an N pole. This makes it possible for the two magnetic pole blocks 421 adjacent to each other in the axial direction to attract each other by a magnetic force so that the plurality of magnetic pole blocks 421 can be easily arranged side by side in the axial direction.

In the radial gap electric machine 400 having the above configuration, a magnetic field is generated around the plurality of armature coils 411 by passing a current in an appropriate direction through the plurality of armature coils 411. At this time, the surface of each of the plurality of tooth portions 412 facing the magnetic pole 420 becomes a magnetic pole surface, that is, an armature magnetic pole surface 414. Then, the armature magnetic pole surface 414 and the magnetic pole surface 424 are attracted or repelled by magnetic force. Therefore, by controlling the current flowing through the armature coil 411 so that the magnetic field generated by the plurality of armature coils 411 changes, the armature 420 can be rotated outside the armature 410.

As described above, a magnetic field generator including a monopole and a facing magnetic material facing each other with a gap in the magnetic pole, capable of generating a large amount of magnetic flux in the gap, is available. Provided.

Also provided is a magnetic field generator, the magnetic field generator comprising a plurality of magnetic monopoles, each of which is formed of a magnetic material, a plurality of permanent magnets, and the magnetic pole. It comprises a facing magnetic material arranged so as to face each other in a facing direction via a gap between the child and the child. The plurality of magnetic monopoles include a first core, a second core, a third core, and a fourth core that are aligned with each other on an array surface facing the facing magnetic material. The first core is adjacent to the second core and the third core. The fourth core is adjacent to the second core and the third core. The first iron core has a first magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The second iron core has a second magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The third iron core has a third magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. The fourth iron core has a fourth magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body. Both the first magnetic pole surface and the fourth magnetic pole surface form the first magnetic pole. Both the second magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface form a second magnetic pole opposite to the first magnetic pole. The plurality of permanent magnets include a plurality of intervening permanent magnets interposed between adjacent iron cores of the first core, the second core, the third core, and the fourth core, and the first core. Includes a plurality of opposite permanent magnets, each placed on the opposite side of the outer surface of each of the second core, the third core and the fourth core, facing the opposite side of the facing magnetic material. .. The gap has a satisfying maximum width l _g represented by the following formula.

All of the magnetic field generators have a size of a gap satisfying the given relational expression, so that a larger amount of magnetic flux is generated in the gap as compared with a magnetic field generator having a conventional two-dimensional magnetic pole structure. It is possible.

For each of the plurality of magnetic pole cores, the magnetic poles on the surface of the intervening permanent magnet adjacent to the core facing the core and the magnetic poles on the surface of the opposite permanent magnet facing the opposite side surface of the core are all. It is preferable that they are the same.

It is preferable that the magnetic monopole further includes a back yoke formed of a magnetic material. The back yoke is formed by arranging the back yoke on the opposite side of the plurality of magnetic monopoles with the plurality of opposite side permanent magnets interposed therebetween so as to promote the magnetic flux flowing between the plurality of opposite side permanent magnets. It is possible to further increase the magnetic flux generated.

The plurality of magnetic cores are arranged on the opposite side of the first iron core with the opposite side permanent magnets arranged on the opposite side surface of the first core among the plurality of opposite permanent magnets. The second core is sandwiched between the fifth core having a fifth magnetic pole surface facing the opposite side of the core and the opposite permanent magnet arranged on the opposite side of the second core among the plurality of opposite permanent magnets. A sixth core having a sixth magnetic pole surface facing the opposite side of the second core and the opposite side of the plurality of permanent magnets on the opposite side arranged on the opposite side of the third core. The seventh iron core, which is arranged on the side opposite to the third iron core with the side permanent magnet sandwiched between them and has a seventh magnetic pole surface facing the side opposite to the third iron core, and the fourth of the plurality of opposite side permanent magnets. Further, an eighth iron core arranged on the opposite side of the fourth iron core with the opposite side permanent magnet arranged on the opposite side surface of the iron core and having an eighth magnetic pole surface facing the side opposite to the fourth iron core. It may be included. The fifth core is adjacent to each of the sixth core and the seventh core, the eighth core is adjacent to each of the sixth core and the seventh core, and the fifth magnetic pole surface and the fifth core are adjacent to each other. The eighth magnetic pole surface also constitutes the second magnetic pole, and the second magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface both constitute the first magnetic pole.

It is preferable that the magnetic field generator further includes a magnetic substance contained in the void. The magnetic substance is at least one of a magnetic fluid, a magnetic powder, and a magnetic particle, and the magnetic field generated in the void by the magnetic field generator by being contained in the void is, for example, spectroscopic or Allows it to be used for the process of sieving charged particles.

Further provided is an electric motor, which is attached to the magnetic field generator and the face-to-face magnetic body in the magnetic field generator, and moves the magnetic pole relative to the face-to-face magnetic body. It comprises a coil that forms a magnetic field.

Claims

It is a magnetic field generator
A monopole containing a plurality of magnetic monopoles, each of which is made of a magnetic material, and a plurality of permanent magnets.
The magnetic monopole is provided with a facing magnetic material arranged so as to face each other in the opposite direction via a gap.
The plurality of magnetic monopoles include a first core, a second core, a third core, and a fourth core that are aligned with each other on an array surface facing the facing magnetic body, and the first core is the second core. And adjacent to the 3rd core, and the 4th core is adjacent to the 2nd core and the 3rd core.
The first iron core has a first magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body, the second iron core has a second magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body, and the third iron core has the facing magnetic body. The fourth iron core has a third magnetic pole surface facing the magnetic body, the fourth iron core has a fourth magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic material, and both the first magnetic pole surface and the fourth magnetic pole surface are first. The magnetic poles are formed, and the second magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface both form a second magnetic pole opposite to the first magnetic pole.
The plurality of permanent magnets include a plurality of intervening permanent magnets interposed between adjacent iron cores of the first core, the second core, the third core, and the fourth core, and the first core. Includes, a plurality of opposite permanent magnets, respectively, arranged on opposite side surfaces of the outer surfaces of the second core, the third core, and the fourth core, facing the opposite side of the facing magnetic material. ,
The gap has a satisfying maximum width l g of the following formula, the magnetic field generator.

Here, l z, A z is the first core the effective area A thickness and effective area of the intermediate permanent magnet in the intervening permanent magnet interposed between each of the first core and the second core The area of the region where the first magnet surface facing the surface and the second magnet surface facing the second iron core overlap each other in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface is l φ ,. A φ is the thickness and effective area of the intervening permanent magnet interposed between the first iron core and the third iron core, respectively, and the effective area is the first magnet facing the first iron core in the intervening permanent magnet. The surface and the second magnet surface facing the third iron core are areas of regions that overlap each other when viewed in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface, and l ra and A ra are the areas of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface, respectively. 1 The thickness and effective area of the opposite side permanent magnet arranged on the opposite side surface of the iron core, and the effective area is the first magnet surface facing the opposite side surface of the first iron core in the opposite side permanent magnet. The second magnet surface facing the opposite side to the first magnet surface is the area of the region where the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface overlap each other in the normal direction, and l C is the first in the facing direction. the sum of the thickness of the opposite permanent magnets located on the opposite side of the dimension and the first core of the 1 core, a f is the area of the first pole face, a C is the said first magnetic pole surface and the It is 1/4 of the area occupied by the two magnetic pole surfaces, the third magnetic pole surface, the fourth magnetic pole surface, and the surfaces facing the facing magnetic bodies in each of the plurality of intervening permanent magnets.
It is a magnetic field generator
A monopole containing a plurality of magnetic monopoles, each of which is made of a magnetic material, and a plurality of permanent magnets.
The magnetic monopole is provided with a facing magnetic material arranged so as to face each other in the opposite direction via a gap.
The plurality of magnetic monopoles include a first core, a second core, a third core, and a fourth core that are aligned with each other on an array surface facing the facing magnetic body, and the first core is the second core. And adjacent to the 3rd core, and the 4th core is adjacent to the 2nd core and the 3rd core.
The first iron core has a first magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body, the second iron core has a second magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic body, and the third iron core has the facing magnetic body. The fourth iron core has a third magnetic pole surface facing the magnetic body, the fourth iron core has a fourth magnetic pole surface facing the facing magnetic material, and both the first magnetic pole surface and the fourth magnetic pole surface are first. The magnetic poles are formed, and the second magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface both form a second magnetic pole opposite to the first magnetic pole.
The plurality of permanent magnets include a plurality of intervening permanent magnets interposed between adjacent iron cores of the first core, the second core, the third core, and the fourth core, and the first core. Includes, a plurality of opposite permanent magnets, respectively, arranged on opposite side surfaces of the outer surfaces of the second core, the third core, and the fourth core, facing the opposite side of the facing magnetic material. ,
The gap has a satisfying maximum width l g of the following formula, the magnetic field generator.

Here, l z, A z is the first the effective area said a thickness and effective area of intervention of the permanent magnet interposed in the intermediate permanent magnet between each of the first core and the second core The area of the region where the first magnet surface facing the iron core and the second magnet surface facing the second iron core overlap each other in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface is l φ. , A φ are the thickness and effective area of the intervening permanent magnet interposed between the first iron core and the third iron core, respectively, and the effective area is the first one facing the first iron core in the intervening permanent magnet. The magnet surface and the second magnet surface facing the third iron core are the areas of regions that overlap each other when viewed in the normal direction of the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface, and l ra and A ra are the areas described above, respectively. The thickness and effective area of the opposite side permanent magnet arranged on the opposite side surface of the first iron core, and the effective area is the first magnet surface facing the opposite side surface of the first iron core in the opposite side permanent magnet. The second magnet surface facing the opposite side of the first magnet surface is the area of the region where the first magnet surface and the second magnet surface overlap each other in the normal direction, and l C is the above-mentioned in the opposite direction. the sum of the thickness of the opposite permanent magnets located on the opposite side of the dimension and the first core of the first core, a f is the area of the first pole face, a C is the first pole face wherein 1/4, V D of the area occupied by the surface facing the opposing magnetic member in each of the plurality of intervening permanent magnet and the second pole face and the third pole surface and the fourth pole faces the plurality of intervening each volume of the total sum of the respective volumes and the plurality of opposite permanent magnet of the permanent magnet, V C has a respective volume of the plurality of intervening permanent magnet, and each volume of the plurality of opposite permanent magnets, It is the sum of the volumes of the first core, the second core, the third core, and the fourth core.
The magnetic field generator according to claim 1 or 2, for each of the plurality of magnetic pole cores, the magnetic poles of the surface of the intervening permanent magnet adjacent to the core facing the core and the opposite side surface of the core. A magnetic field generator in which the magnetic poles on the surfaces of the opposite permanent magnets facing the magnet are all the same.
The magnetic field generator according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic pole element further includes a back yoke formed of a magnetic material, and the back yoke promotes a magnetic flux flowing between the plurality of opposite permanent magnets. A magnetic field generator arranged on the opposite side of the plurality of magnetic flux cores with the plurality of permanent magnets on the opposite sides interposed therebetween.
In the magnetic field generator according to claim 3, the plurality of magnetic pole cores sandwich the opposite side permanent magnet arranged on the opposite side surface of the first core among the plurality of opposite side permanent magnets. A fifth iron core which is arranged on the opposite side of one iron core and has a fifth magnetic pole surface facing the side opposite to the first iron core, and a fifth iron core which is arranged on the opposite side surface of the second iron core among the plurality of permanent magnets on the opposite side. A sixth core having a sixth magnetic pole surface facing the side opposite to the second core, which is arranged on the opposite side of the second core with the opposite permanent magnet sandwiched between the magnets, and the plurality of permanent magnets on the opposite side. A seventh core arranged on the opposite side of the third core with a permanent magnet on the opposite side arranged on the opposite side of the third core and having a seventh magnetic pole surface facing the opposite side of the third core, and a seventh core. Of the plurality of permanent magnets on the opposite side, the permanent magnets on the opposite side of the fourth core are arranged on the opposite side of the fourth core with the opposite permanent magnets interposed therebetween and face the side opposite to the fourth core. Further including an eighth core having eight magnetic pole surfaces, the fifth core is adjacent to each of the sixth core and the seventh core, and the eighth core is the sixth core and the seventh core. Adjacent to each of the iron cores, the fifth magnetic pole surface and the eighth magnetic pole surface both form the second magnetic pole, and the second magnetic pole surface and the third magnetic pole surface both form the first magnetic pole. Magnet generator.
The magnetic field generator according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a magnetic substance contained in the void, the magnetic substance being at least one of a magnetic fluid, a magnetic powder, and a magnetic particle. , Magnetic field generator.
It ’s an electric motor,
The magnetic field generator according to claim 1 or 2,
An electric motor provided with a coil attached to the facing magnetic body in the magnetic field generator and forming a magnetic field for relatively moving the magnetic monopole with respect to the facing magnetic body.