WO2021254274A1 - 注射器 - Google Patents

注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021254274A1
WO2021254274A1 PCT/CN2021/099778 CN2021099778W WO2021254274A1 WO 2021254274 A1 WO2021254274 A1 WO 2021254274A1 CN 2021099778 W CN2021099778 W CN 2021099778W WO 2021254274 A1 WO2021254274 A1 WO 2021254274A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
syringe
needle
positioning
needle cap
injection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/099778
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
牟学延
来大志
邓唯珂
Original Assignee
深圳廷美奥生物技术有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳廷美奥生物技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳廷美奥生物技术有限公司
Publication of WO2021254274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021254274A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of medical devices, and in particular to a syringe.
  • Injection into the suprachoroidal space is achieved by injecting therapeutic drugs into the retina located at the back of the eyeball.
  • Therapeutic drugs are delivered through injection needles, so the correct position, angle, and depth of the injection are critical to avoid damage to key ocular structures, including the lens, retina, and conjunctival blood vessels.
  • the bevel of the tip of the needle tube should be away from the limbus during injection, so that the medicine can flow accurately to the back of the eyeball.
  • this operation is performed by the clinician based on experience after visual inspection, which leads to inconvenience in the injection process and prone to deviation.
  • the main purpose of this application is to propose a syringe, which aims to solve the technical problem of how to improve the convenience and accuracy of syringe operation.
  • the syringe proposed in this application includes:
  • a needle tube is installed at the injection end of the needle tube, and an injection bevel is formed at the end of the needle tube;
  • the needle cap is sheathed with the needle tube, the peripheral wall of the needle cap is provided with positioning fins, and the positioning fins are arranged back to the injection slope.
  • the positioning fin has a positioning edge facing away from the needle tube, and the distance between the positioning edge and the tip of the needle tube is not less than 3 mm and not more than 10 mm.
  • the positioning edge is parallel to the axis of the needle cap.
  • the length of the needle tube protruding from the needle cap is not less than 0.5 mm and does not exceed 1.5 mm.
  • the positioning fin extends along the axial direction of the needle cap.
  • the positioning fin and the needle cap are integrally formed.
  • the needle cap is detachably sleeved with the needle barrel.
  • the needle cap is provided with a limiting structure
  • the needle barrel is provided with a matching structure adapted to the limiting structure, and when the limiting structure is matched with the matching structure, the positioning fin Fixed at a position away from the injection slope.
  • the limiting structure includes a limiting bayonet opened on the inner peripheral surface of the needle cap, and the matching structure includes a limiting latch protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the needle cylinder, and the limiting bayonet The position bayonet is convexly engaged with the limit card.
  • the needle cap has a limiting end surface adjacent to the end of the needle tube, and the radial dimension of the needle cap is tapered from the middle to the limiting end surface.
  • the volume of the syringe is not less than 0.1 ml and does not exceed 0.5 ml.
  • the syringe of this application is provided with a needle cap over the needle tube and positioning fins on the peripheral wall of the needle cap, and the positioning fins are set in the circumferential direction of the needle tube away from the injection slope of the needle tube, so that when the syringe is used for injection operations, only the positioning If the fin is directed or aligned with the limbus of the eye, the injection slope of the needle can be away from the limbus, so that the medicine can be injected into the posterior segment of the eye more accurately; in this process, the fins are positioned to determine the back of the injection slope and the limbus.
  • the orientation relationship not only improves the convenience of the positioning process, but also improves the accuracy of the positioning results.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a syringe of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the needle cap in this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic projection view of an embodiment of the needle cap in this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic projection view of another embodiment of the needle cap in this application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the needle cap in this application.
  • This application proposes a syringe.
  • the syringe includes: a syringe 10; a needle tube 20 installed at the injection end of the syringe 10, and an injection bevel is formed at the end of the needle tube 20; and a needle
  • the cap 30 is sheathed with the needle tube 20, and the peripheral wall of the needle cap 30 is provided with positioning fins 31, and the positioning fins 31 are arranged back to the injection slope.
  • the syringe 10 includes a cylinder body and a core rod.
  • One end of the core rod located in the cylinder body is provided with a rubber plug.
  • the needle tube 20 is installed at the injection end of the needle tube 10.
  • the needle tube 20 is a hollow metal needle.
  • the liquid medicine enters the needle tube 20 from the fixed end of the needle tube 20 and then flows out from the tip of the needle tube 20.
  • the injection bevel is used to form a sharp point to more easily pierce the sclera on the surface of the eye and reduce the difficulty of injection.
  • the injection slope also has a guiding effect on the outflow of the medicine.
  • the needle cap 30 can be fixed to the needle tube 20 or the syringe 10; the needle cap 30 and the needle tube 20 can be detachable sleeves or non-detachable sleeves. There is no restriction here, as long as the needle cap 30 is satisfied.
  • the needle tube 20 can be sleeved. It can be understood that the tip of the needle tube 20 will protrude from the needle cap 30 to achieve normal injection, and the specific protruding length of the needle tube 20 relative to the needle cap 30 is defined by the relative length between the two.
  • the positioning fin 31 is protrudingly provided on the peripheral wall of the needle cap 30 to mark the injection slope, so that the user can more easily determine the needle entry direction of the injection slope; at the same time, the width of the positioning fin 31 can be used as a ruler when its edge is in contact with the cornea. When the outer edges overlap, the position of the tip of the needle tube 20 is the accurate injection point.
  • the positioning fin 31 During the injection process, first orient the positioning fin 31 toward or aiming at the limbus. Since the injection slope is opposite to the positioning fin 31, after the positioning fin 31 faces the limbus, it can ensure that the injection slope faces away from the limbus, so that the injection slope can advance.
  • the needle direction is more accurate. Compared with the injection slope formed on the needle tube 20, the positioning fin 31 protruding from the needle cap 30 has a larger volume and is easier to be observed. Therefore, it is more convenient for the user to position the fin 31 with the limbus, and the error is smaller. This can improve the convenience and accuracy of the injection process.
  • the syringe of the present application is provided with a needle cap 30 on the needle tube 20, and a positioning fin 31 is provided on the peripheral wall of the needle cap 30.
  • the positioning fin 31 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the syringe 10 away from the injection slope of the needle tube 20, so that the syringe is used for injection.
  • the positioning fin 31 needs to be directed or aligned with the limbus of the eye, so that the injection slope of the needle tube 20 is away from the limbus, so that the medicine can be injected into the posterior segment of the eye more accurately; at the same time, the positioning fin 31 is also a ruler.
  • the position where the tip of the needle tube 20 is located is an accurate injection point.
  • the back relationship between the injection slope and the limbus is determined by positioning the fin 31, which not only improves the convenience of the positioning process, but also improves the accuracy of the positioning result.
  • the positioning fin 31 has a positioning edge 311 facing away from the needle tube 20, and the distance H between the positioning edge 311 and the tip of the needle tube 20 is not less than 3 mm, and Does not exceed 10mm.
  • the positioning edge 311 is the side edge of the positioning fin 31 facing the limbus during the positioning process.
  • the distance between the positioning edge 311 and the tip of the needle tube 20 is the limbus and the tip of the needle tube 20 Pitch.
  • the best injection point is the position with the minimum distance from the limbus of 3mm to 10mm.
  • the distance H between the positioning edge 311 and the tip of the needle tube 20 is set to 3mm to 10mm, and the positioning edge 311 can be aligned After quasi-limb, while locating the injection direction of the bevel, it can also ensure that the distance between the needle point and the limbus is 3mm to 10mm, that is, to ensure that the user can inject the drug at the best injection point to improve the treatment effect ,reduce risk.
  • the positioning edge 311 is parallel to the axis of the needle cap 30.
  • the positioning edge 311 is parallel to the axis of the needle cap 30 to ensure that the positions of the positioning edge 311 in the axial direction are consistent with the tip of the needle tube 20, so that during the injection process, even if the observation angle is different, the positioning edge 311 can be aligned with the cornea. Behind the edge, the tip of the needle tube 20 can maintain the above-mentioned preset distance from the limbus.
  • the parallelism here does not mean absolute parallelism, but an error within the allowable range.
  • the width D of the positioning edge 311 is not less than 0.8 mm and does not exceed 1.2 mm.
  • the width of the positioning edge 311 is set to 0.8 to 1.2 mm, which not only can reasonably control the thickness of the positioning fin 31, but also facilitate the accurate alignment of the positioning edge 311 with the limbus, that is, the user is aligning the cornea At the time of the edge, it can be confirmed whether the positioning is accurate by judging whether the width direction of the positioning edge 311 is tangent to the corneal limbus, so as to further improve the convenience and accuracy of positioning.
  • the positioning fin 31 extends along the axial direction of the needle cap 30.
  • the two ends of the positioning fin 31 are respectively adjacent to the two ends of the outer peripheral wall of the needle cap 30 in the axial direction, so as to increase the connection area between the positioning fin 31 and the needle cap 30, and enhance the structural strength of the positioning fin 31 itself and the needle cap.
  • the connection strength of 30 improves the structural stability.
  • the positioning fin 31 and the needle cap 30 are integrally formed.
  • the positioning fin 31 and the needle cap 30 can be integrally injection molded with plastic to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs.
  • the needle cap 30 is detachably sleeved with the syringe 10.
  • the needle cap 30 and the syringe 10 can be fitted with a thread or by a snap fit, as long as the detachable sleeve is satisfied.
  • the inner peripheral wall of the needle cap 30 is convexly provided with a clamping platform extending in the circumferential direction
  • the outer peripheral wall of the needle cylinder 10 is convexly provided with a clamping rib extending in the circumferential direction. The cap 30 and the syringe 10 are clamped and fixed.
  • the length of the needle tube 20 protruding from the needle cap 30 is not less than 0.5 mm and does not exceed 1.5 mm.
  • the length of the needle tube 20 protruding from the needle cap 30 can be controlled to control the protruding length of the needle tube 20 at a preset value.
  • the needle insertion depth of the needle tube 20 can be controlled to a preset depth, such as 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, the needle tube 20 can only pierce the sclera, but not the choroid and retina.
  • the exposed length of the needle tube 20 is controlled at a preset value.
  • the needle cap 30 can limit the needle insertion depth, thereby ensuring that the needle insertion depth of the needle tube 20 is the preset depth.
  • the needle cap 30 and the syringe 10 are set as a detachable sleeve.
  • the needle cap 30 can be removed first to ensure that the needle tube 20 sucks medicine smoothly. After the inhalation is completed, the needle cap 30 is installed for injection, thereby improving the convenience of the syringe inhalation process.
  • the volume of the syringe 10 is not less than 0.1 ml, and does not exceed 0.5 ml.
  • the volume of the syringe 10 is controlled to be between 0.1 ml and 0.5 ml, which can not only ensure the effective dose for the treatment of the eye, but also reduce the residual amount of the drug in the syringe 10 or the needle tube 20, so as to reduce Waste; in addition, the volume of the syringe 10 is reduced, so that the proportion of scales on the syringe 10 corresponding to the volume can be effectively increased, that is, the spacing between the scales can be increased correspondingly, so that the user can more accurately control the amount of medicine injected.
  • the needle cap 30 is provided with a limiting structure
  • the syringe 10 is provided with a matching structure adapted to the limiting structure.
  • the The positioning fin 31 is fixed at a position away from the injection slope.
  • the position of the limiting structure and the matching structure corresponds to the relative position of the positioning fin 31 and the injection inclined surface, that is, when the limiting structure and the matching structure cooperate, the positioning fin 31 is fixed at a position away from the injection inclined surface, so that the needle In the process of installing the cap 30, the process of corresponding the positions of the positioning fins 31 and the injection slope is simpler and more convenient.
  • the matching of the limiting structure and the matching structure can also make the needle cap 30 and the syringe 10 relatively fixed in the circumferential direction, so as to prevent the positioning fin 31 from deviating from the position facing the injection slope and improve the stability of positioning.
  • the limiting structure includes a limiting bayonet opening on the inner circumferential surface of the needle cap 30, and the matching structure includes a limiting retaining protrusion protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the syringe 10, and the limiting bayonet
  • the bayonet is engaged with the protrusion of the limit card.
  • the position of the limit bayonet and the position of the limit card protrusion can also be exchanged.
  • the needle cap 30 has a limiting end surface 32 adjacent to the end of the needle tube 20, and the radial dimension of the needle cap 30 is from the middle to the limiting end surface 32.
  • the needle depth is controlled by making the limit end surface 32 abut the eye. Therefore, the area of the limit end surface 32 should be controlled within a certain range to achieve both the reduction of the needle cap 30 and the eye. The contact area reduces the pressure of the needle cap 30 on the eyes.
  • the radial size of the needle cap 30 is set to gradually decrease from the middle to the limit end surface 32, which can reduce the area of the limit end surface 32, and can reasonably control the overall radial size of the needle cap 30 to ensure the size of the needle cap 30. Structural strength.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种注射器，包括：针筒(10)；针管(20)，安装于针筒(10)的注射端，针管(20)的末端形成有注射斜面；针帽(30)，套设于针管(20)，针帽(30)的周壁设有定位鳍(31)，定位鳍(31)背向注射斜面设置。该注射器提高了注射器操作的便利性和准确性。

Description

注射器
本申请要求于2020年6月19日申请的、申请号为202021161190.2的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及医疗器具领域，特别涉及一种注射器。
 背景技术
脉络膜上腔注射是通过向位于眼球后段的视网膜内注射治疗性药物来实现的。治疗药物是通过注射针来输送的，因此注射的位置、角度和深度是否正确至关重要，以避免损伤关键的眼部结构，包括晶状体、视网膜以及结膜血管。例如，注射时针管尖端的斜面应背离角膜缘，以使药物能准确流至眼球后段。相关技术中，这一操作是由临床医师目测后凭经验完成的，这就导致注射过程不便，且容易出现偏差。
 技术问题
本申请的主要目的是提出一种注射器，旨在解决如何提高注射器操作便利性和准确性的技术问题。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，本申请提出的注射器包括：
针筒；
针管，安装于所述针筒的注射端，所述针管的末端形成有注射斜面；
针帽，套设所述针管，所述针帽的周壁设有定位鳍，所述定位鳍背向所述注射斜面设置。
在一实施例中，所述定位鳍具有背离所述针管的定位边，所述定位边与所述针管尖端的间距不小于3mm，且不超出10mm。
在一实施例中，所述定位边平行于所述针帽的轴线。
在一实施例中，所述针管凸出于所述针帽的长度不小于0.5mm，且不超出1.5mm。
在一实施例中，所述定位鳍沿所述针帽的轴向延伸。
在一实施例中，所述定位鳍与所述针帽呈一体成型设置。
在一实施例中，所述针帽与所述针筒可拆卸套接。
在一实施例中，所述针帽设有限位结构，所述针筒设有与所述限位结构适配的配合结构，所述限位结构与所述配合结构配合时，所述定位鳍固定于背离所述注射斜面的位置。
在一实施例中，所述限位结构包括开设于所述针帽内周面的限位卡口，所述配合结构包括凸设于所述针筒外周面的限位卡凸，所述限位卡口与所述限位卡凸卡接配合。
在一实施例中，所述针帽具有邻近所述针管末端的限位端面，所述针帽的径向尺寸自中部朝所述限位端面渐缩。
在一实施例中，所述针筒的容积不小于0.1毫升，且不超出0.5毫升。
 有益效果
本申请注射器通过在针管外套设针帽，并在针帽的周壁设置定位鳍，定位鳍在针筒的周向上背向针管的注射斜面设置，从而在使用注射器进行注射操作时，只需将定位鳍朝向或对准眼睛的角膜缘，即可使针管的注射斜面背离角膜缘，从而可将药物更准确地注入眼球后段；在此过程中，通过定位鳍来确定注射斜面与角膜缘的背向关系，既提高了定位过程的便利性，又提高了定位结果的准确性。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请注射器一实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本申请中针帽一实施例的结构示意图；
图3为本申请中针帽一实施例的投影示意图；
图4为本申请中针帽另一实施例的投影示意图；
图5为本申请中针帽一实施例的剖面示意图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称 标号 名称
10 针筒 20 针管 30 针帽
31 定位鳍 311 定位边 32 限位端面
本申请目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明，若本申请实施例中有涉及方向性指示（诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……），则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态（如附图所示）下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本申请实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，全文中出现的“和/或”的含义为，包括三个并列的方案，以“A和/或B为例”，包括A方案，或B方案，或A和B同时满足的方案。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本申请要求的保护范围之内。
本申请提出一种注射器。
在本申请实施例中，如图1至图5所示，该注射器包括：针筒10；针管20，安装于所述针筒10的注射端，所述针管20的末端形成有注射斜面；针帽30，套设所述针管20，所述针帽30的周壁设有定位鳍31，所述定位鳍31背向所述注射斜面设置。
在本实施例中，针筒10包括筒体和芯杆，芯杆位于筒体内的一端设有胶塞，通过推动芯杆，可将筒体内的药液推向筒体的注射端。针管20安装于针筒10的注射端，针管20为中空金属针，药液从针管20的固定端进入针管20后，再从针管20的尖端流出。注射斜面用以形成尖端，以更容易刺穿眼睛表面的巩膜，降低注射难度。此外，注射斜面对流出的药物还具有导向作用，举例而言，将注射斜面背离角膜缘，可使药液准确流向眼球的后段，最终到达目标位置，而避免药液流向其它部位。针帽30可固定于针管20，也可固定于针筒10；针帽30与针管20可以是可拆卸套设，也可以是不可拆卸套设，在此不做限制，只需满足针帽30套设针管20即可。可以理解，针管20的尖端会凸出于针帽30，以实现正常注射，针管20相对于针帽30具体凸出的长度由二者之间的相对长度进行限定。定位鳍31凸设于针帽30的周壁上，用以标记注射斜面，以使用户更方便地确定注射斜面的进针方向；同时，定位鳍31的宽度可以作为一个标尺，当其边缘与角膜外缘重叠时，针管20尖端所在的位置就是准确的注射点。
在注射过程中，先将定位鳍31朝向或对准角膜缘，由于注射斜面与定位鳍31相背，因此定位鳍31朝向角膜缘后，可保证注射斜面背离角膜缘，以使注射斜面的进针方向更加准确。凸设于针帽30的定位鳍31相比形成于针管20的注射斜面体积更大，更容易被观察，因此用户在对位定位鳍31与角膜缘时也更方便，且误差更小，由此可提高注射过程的便利性和准确性。
本申请注射器通过在针管20外套设针帽30，并在针帽30的周壁设置定位鳍31，定位鳍31在针筒10的周向上背向针管20的注射斜面设置，从而在使用注射器进行注射操作时，只需将定位鳍31朝向或对准眼睛的角膜缘，即可使针管20的注射斜面背离角膜缘，从而可将药物更准确地注入眼球后段；同时定位鳍31也是一个标尺，当其边缘与角膜外缘重叠时，针管20尖端所在的位置就是准确的注射点。在此过程中，通过定位鳍31来确定注射斜面与角膜缘的背向关系，既提高了定位过程的便利性，又提高了定位结果的准确性。
在一实施例中，如图2和图4所示，所述定位鳍31具有背离所述针管20的定位边311，所述定位边311与所述针管20尖端的间距H不小于3mm，且不超出10mm。在本实施例中，定位边311即定位鳍31在定位过程中朝向角膜缘的侧边，将定位边311对准角膜缘时，定位边311与针管20尖端的间距即角膜缘与针管20尖端的间距。在相关医学知识中，最佳的注射点即为与角膜缘最小间距为3mm至10mm的位置，因此，将定位边311与针管20尖端的间距H设为3mm至10mm，可在定位边311对准角膜缘后，在定位注射斜面进针方向的同时，还能保证进针点与角膜缘的间距为3mm至10mm，即确保用户能在最佳的注射点进针注射药物，以提高治疗效果，降低风险。
具体地，如图1和图2所示，所述定位边311平行于所述针帽30的轴线。定位边311平行于针帽30的轴线，可确保定位边311轴向上的各部位与针管20尖端的间距一致，从而在注射过程中，即使观察角度不同，也能保证定位边311对准角膜缘后，针管20尖端能与角膜缘保持上述预设间距。需要说明，此处的平行并不是指绝对平行，而是存在允许范围内的误差。
在实际应用中，如图3所示，所述定位边311的宽度D不小于0.8mm，且不超出1.2mm。在本实施例中，将定位边311的宽度设置为0.8至1.2mm，既可合理控制定位鳍31的厚度尺寸，又便于定位边311与角膜缘的准确对位，即，用户在对准角膜缘时，可通过判断定位边311的宽度方向是否与角膜缘相切来确认是否准确对位，以进一步提高定位的便利性和准确性。
在一实施例中，如图2所示，所述定位鳍31沿所述针帽30的轴向延伸。在本实施例中，定位鳍31两端分别邻近针帽30外周壁轴向上的两端，以增加定位鳍31与针帽30的连接面积，增强定位鳍31本身的结构强度和与针帽30的连接强度，提高结构稳定性。具体地，所述定位鳍31与所述针帽30呈一体成型设置。在本实施例中，定位鳍31与针帽30可采用塑料一体注塑成型，以提高生产效率，降低生产成本。
在实际应用中，所述针帽30与所述针筒10可拆卸套接。在本实施例中，针帽30与针筒10可通过螺纹配合，也可通过卡接配合，只需满足可拆卸套接即可。举例而言，针帽30的内周壁凸设有沿周向延伸的卡台，针筒10的外周壁凸设有沿周向延伸的卡筋，卡台与卡筋卡接配合，以实现针帽30与针筒10的卡接固定。
所述针管20凸出于所述针帽30的长度不小于0.5mm，且不超出1.5mm。通过控制针帽30与针筒10的套接深度，可控制针管20凸出于针帽30的长度，以将针管20的凸出长度控制在预设值。在相关医疗手段中，若能将针管20的进针深度控制在预设深度，如0.5mm至1.5mm，就能使针管20仅刺穿巩膜，而不会刺穿脉络膜和视网膜。将针管20的露出长度控制在预设值，在注射过程中，针帽30可对进针深度起到限位作用，从而能保证针管20的进针深度为预设深度。但针管20的露出长度过小会造成吸药不便，因此，将针帽30与针筒10设置为可拆卸套接，在吸药时可先将针帽30拆下，保证针管20顺利吸药，吸药完成后再将针帽30装上进行注射，由此，提高了注射器吸药过程的便利性。
具体地，所述针筒10的容积不小于0.1毫升，且不超出0.5毫升。在本实施例中，将针筒10的容积控制在0.1毫升至0.5毫升，既能保证对治疗眼睛的有效给药量，又能减少药物在针筒10或针管20内的残留量，以减少浪费；此外，针筒10的容积减小，从而针筒10上与容积对应的刻度比例可有效增大，即刻度之间的间距可相应增加，以便用户更精确地控制药物的注射量。
在一实施例中，所述针帽30设有限位结构，所述针筒10设有与所述限位结构适配的配合结构，所述限位结构与所述配合结构配合时，所述定位鳍31固定于背离所述注射斜面的位置。在本实施例中，限位结构与配合结构的位置与定位鳍31和注射斜面的相对位置对应，即限位结构与配合结构配合时，定位鳍31固定在背离注射斜面的位置，以在针帽30安装的过程中，定位鳍31与注射斜面的位置对应过程更加简单方便。此外，限位结构和配合结构配合后还可使针帽30与针筒10在周向上相对固定，以防止定位鳍31偏离背向注射斜面的位置，提高定位的稳定性。
具体地，所述限位结构包括开设于所述针帽30内周面的限位卡口，所述配合结构包括凸设于所述针筒10外周面的限位卡凸，所述限位卡口与所述限位卡凸卡接配合。在本实施例中，限位卡口和限位卡凸的位置也可对换。在装配针帽30时，先将针帽30沿轴向与针筒10装配到位，再旋转针帽30至使限位卡口和限位卡凸配合，此时针帽30无法被继续旋转，而定位鳍31也准确位于背离注射斜面的位置，由此可使针帽30的装配更加便利、准确。
在实际应用中，如图3和图5所示，所述针帽30具有邻近所述针管20末端的限位端面32，所述针帽30的径向尺寸自中部朝所述限位端面32渐缩。在本实施例中，注射器注射过程中，是通过使限位端面32抵接于眼睛来控制进针深度，因此限位端面32的面积应控制在一定范围，以实现既减少针帽30与眼睛的接触面积，又降低针帽30对眼睛的压强。而将针帽30的径向尺寸设置为自中部朝限位端面32渐缩，既可减小限位端面32的面积，又能合理控制针帽30整体的径向尺寸，保证针帽30的结构强度。
以上所述仅为本申请的可选实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是在本申请的发明构思下，利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种注射器，其中，包括：
    针筒；
    针管，安装于所述针筒的注射端，所述针管的末端形成有注射斜面；
    针帽，套设所述针管，所述针帽的周壁设有定位鳍，所述定位鳍背向所述注射斜面设置。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的注射器，其中，所述定位鳍具有背离所述针管的定位边，所述定位边与所述针管尖端的间距不小于3mm，且不超出10mm。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的注射器，其中，所述定位边平行于所述针帽的轴线。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的注射器，其中，所述针管凸出于所述针帽的长度不小于0.5mm，且不超出1.5mm。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的注射器，其中，所述定位鳍沿所述针帽的轴向延伸。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的注射器，其中，所述定位鳍与所述针帽呈一体成型设置。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的注射器，其中，所述针帽与所述针筒可拆卸套接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的注射器，其中，所述针帽设有限位结构，所述针筒设有与所述限位结构适配的配合结构，所述限位结构与所述配合结构配合时，所述定位鳍固定于背离所述注射斜面的位置。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的注射器，其中，所述限位结构包括开设于所述针帽内周面的限位卡口，所述配合结构包括凸设于所述针筒外周面的限位卡凸，所述限位卡口与所述限位卡凸卡接配合。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的注射器，其中，所述针帽具有邻近所述针管末端的限位端面，所述针帽的径向尺寸自中部朝所述限位端面渐缩。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的注射器，其中，所述针筒的容积不小于0.1毫升，且不超出0.5毫升。
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