WO2021253348A1 - 一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法 - Google Patents

一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021253348A1
WO2021253348A1 PCT/CN2020/096884 CN2020096884W WO2021253348A1 WO 2021253348 A1 WO2021253348 A1 WO 2021253348A1 CN 2020096884 W CN2020096884 W CN 2020096884W WO 2021253348 A1 WO2021253348 A1 WO 2021253348A1
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Prior art keywords
iron tower
power supply
charging
wire
stud bolt
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PCT/CN2020/096884
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English (en)
French (fr)
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潘欢悦
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潘欢悦
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Publication of WO2021253348A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021253348A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
    • G01L5/243—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed using washers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423—Input/output
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/21—Pc I-O input output
    • G05B2219/21137—Analog to digital conversion, ADC, DAC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25187—Transmission of signals, medium, ultrasonic, radio

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering, in particular to a stud bolt used for an iron tower and a component for measuring axial force and a measuring method thereof.
  • the iron tower is a very common bracket for carrying wires. It is generally located in high terrain such as mountains. And because its windward area is relatively large, and with the change of wind direction, its force direction also changes, so , The strength requirements for the bolts for fixing and installing the iron tower are relatively high. Under the influence of strong wind and other air currents, it will cause the shaking and vibration of the iron tower. This is also one of the factors that affect the connection of the iron tower. Time to measure the axial force of the connected bolts to avoid danger. However, the general measurement is achieved by manpower. It is necessary to manually carry tools and climb to the iron tower to measure the bolts one by one, and in order to obtain the measurement results. It also needs to prepare a power supply.
  • the invention provides a stud bolt used for an iron tower and a component for measuring the axial force and a measuring method. It has the advantages of remote operation, high work efficiency, time and labor saving, etc., and solves the need for manual carrying tools in the prior art. Climb to the iron tower to measure the bolts one by one, and in order to obtain the measurement results, it is necessary to prepare the power supply.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a stud bolt used for an iron tower and a component for measuring axial force and a measuring method thereof.
  • the component includes a stud bolt, a first mounting frame, a second mounting frame, a charging board and a power supply board
  • the first mounting frame is welded to the left end surface of the charging board, and the first mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the iron tower frame by screws, and the second mounting frame is welded to the right end surface of the power supply board
  • the second mounting frame is fixedly installed on the drone by screws, the center of the right end surface of the charging board is provided with a stepped positioning hole, the upper and lower sides of the stepped positioning hole are respectively provided with stepped holes, and the stepped insert The hole is symmetrical with respect to the stepped positioning hole.
  • the power supply board further includes a lithium battery and a processing module arranged inside the plug, the lithium battery and the plug are connected by a wire, the processing module and the lithium battery are connected by a wire, the processing module A mobile terminal is connected via NB-IoT, the stud includes a stud body and a nut, the nut is arranged at one end of the stud body, and the inner center of the stud body and the nut penetrates A wire through hole, a charging wire is arranged in the wire through hole, and the charging wire is connected with a force measuring element through the wire.
  • a threaded blind hole and a spring dynamometer channel are opened in the nut, the spring dynamometer channel is arranged around the outer side of the threaded blind hole, and the wire through hole penetrates the threaded blind hole.
  • the force measuring part includes a washer, a miniature spring dynamometer and a miniature force sensor
  • the washer is close to one end of the nut
  • the stud body penetrates the washer
  • the miniature force sensor is divided into three turns
  • An annular array is on the pad, and each of the miniature force sensors is connected to the charging line through a wire, and the signal is transmitted through NB-IoT.
  • the miniature spring dynamometer ring array is measured on the spring In the dynamometer channel, and each of the miniature spring dynamometers is connected to the charging line through a wire, and the signal is transmitted through the NB-IoT.
  • the openings of the step positioning hole and the step insertion hole are both provided with a certain arc
  • the positioning rod and the plug head are both spherical
  • the bottom of the step positioning hole is fixedly connected with an end
  • An iron rod provided with a groove surface
  • the positioning rod is energized with magnetism
  • the plug root is connected to the power supply plate in a sliding fit
  • a spring is arranged between the plug root and the power supply plate.
  • a wire tube is fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the charging board, the wire tube is used to bundle wires, and an elastic rubber ring is fixedly connected to the right end surface of the charging board, and the elastic rubber ring surrounds the stepped socket It is arranged with the step positioning hole, and protrudes a certain distance from the charging board.
  • a first protection washer and a second protection washer are respectively provided on both sides of the washer, and the stud body penetrates the first protection washer and the second protection washer.
  • the processing module includes a single-chip microcomputer, A/D conversion and data transmission.
  • the single-chip microcomputer, the data output and the A/D conversion are respectively connected to the lithium battery, and the data output and the A/D conversion are respectively connected to the lithium battery.
  • the D conversion is respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the mobile terminal includes a data display and an alarm, and the data display and the alarm are connected to the data output through NB-IoT.
  • each of the stud bolts is provided with a number for identification.
  • a stud bolt used for an iron tower and its component for measuring axial force and a measuring method thereof include the following steps:
  • the charging plate is fixedly installed on the iron tower frame according to the level of the iron tower through the first mounting frame, and all the charging wires in the stud bolts in each layer are connected to the conduit through the wire and connected to the charging plate
  • the power supply board is fixedly installed on the drone through the second mounting frame.
  • the power supply board is carried to the tower by the drone, and the drone positioning function is used to make the drone fly to the charging board and make the charging board and Corresponding to the power supply board, and then slowly approach it through the drone, so that the plug and the positioning rod are inserted into the stepped jack and the stepped positioning hole respectively, so as to supply power to the dynamometer;
  • the second step is to use the micro force sensor array on the gasket to measure the value of each circle, and transmit it to the single-chip microcomputer through NB-IoT, and then process the single-chip microcomputer to obtain the weighted average value and multiply it by the respective coefficient of each circle to obtain the final result;
  • the fourth step is to amplify the signals from the miniature force sensor and the miniature spring dynamometer received by the single-chip microcomputer, and amplify the received electrical signals that are sufficiently recognized by the data acquisition card, and then convert them into digital signals through A/D conversion. Finally, Perform operations on digital signals;
  • the fifth step is to transmit the calculation result to the mobile terminal through NB-IoT, and display the measured axial force value through data display. At the same time, compare with the set initial value. If the initial value is exceeded, the alarm will be activated. Carry out an alarm reminder.
  • the charging board is fixedly installed on the iron tower at a certain interval or level through the first mounting frame, and then the charging wire on the numbered stud near the charging board is connected by a wire, and the The wires are collectively connected to the charging board through the conduit, and the power supply board is fixedly installed on the drone through the second mounting frame; then, when the measurement is needed, the drone is controlled to fly to the iron tower that needs to be measured, and according to the charging
  • the installation position of the board locates the drone there, and then the power supply board carried by the drone is slowly approached to the charging board, so that the positioning rod and the plug are aligned with the step positioning hole and the step jack, and slide in under the guide of the arc.
  • the step positioning hole is matched with the bottom of the step jack.
  • the positioning rod will attract the iron rod under the action of the magnetic force after the power is turned on.
  • the spring will be partially compressed, making the plug tightly press against the bottom of the step jack.
  • the charging board is charged through the lithium battery, and then the charging line is provided with electricity through the wire, and then the charging line provides electricity for the measurement of the miniature force sensor and the miniature spring dynamometer, and at the same time, it also provides electricity for the transmission of its signals. , So that the signals measured by the miniature force sensor and the miniature spring dynamometer are sent to the single-chip microcomputer in the power supply board through the NB-IoT.
  • the single-chip microcomputer will amplify the signal, and then convert the signal into a digital signal through A/D conversion.
  • the signal is calculated by the single-chip microcomputer and the average value is obtained.
  • the value is compared with the initial set value, and the value and the comparison result are sent to the mobile terminal through NB-IoT. If the result is greater than or equal to the set value
  • the power supply on the iron tower will be cut off immediately to prevent the danger from occurring, and an alarm will be issued.
  • the measurement result will be displayed on the display screen in real time, and the number corresponding to the data can be known. A stud is dangerous.
  • the invention can be controlled remotely.
  • the drone can carry the power supply to the iron tower position at the designated location, and at the designated position, the force measurement parts and signal transmission in the stud bolts on the iron tower can be provided with electricity guarantee, and
  • the measured value is sent to the single-chip microcomputer in the power supply board through NB-IoT, and the data signal is sent to the mobile terminal through NB-IoT after processing, and then for people to view.
  • each stud has its own serial number, so that the data value corresponding to each stud can be obtained when the measurement is performed, so that it is easy to know which stud is when the alarm is issued. Something went wrong.
  • the positioning holes and jacks are both stepped, the heads of the plug and the positioning rod are all spherical, and the positioning holes and jack openings are provided with arcs, so that even if the docking is not enough Accurate.
  • the sliding of the plug and the positioning rod in the arc will cause the plug and the positioning rod to be inserted to the bottom, thereby preventing the plug and the positioning rod from being misaligned when inserted into the jack and positioning hole due to insufficient positioning, resulting in docking failure;
  • the root of the plug It is connected with the power supply board in a sliding fit, and there is a spring between them, so that the plug is tightly pressed against the top of the jack, in order to avoid poor contact during power supply;
  • the positioning rod will be attached with magnetism after being energized, which is convenient for tightening after insertion.
  • the power supply board is tightly adsorbed to prevent it from loosening and power supply failure, and it is not magnetic when it is not powered, and it is also convenient for the drone to carry the power supply board off.
  • the signal transmission is realized by using NB-IoT, because NB-IoT has the characteristics of wide coverage, the ability to support massive connections, low power consumption, and lower module cost. Compared with wireless devices such as Bluetooth Connection is more advantageous.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a stud bolt used for an iron tower and its component for measuring axial force of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a right view of a charging board in a stud bolt used for an iron tower and its component for measuring axial force of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a system frame diagram of a stud bolt used in an iron tower and its component for measuring axial force of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a frame diagram of a force measuring member in a stud bolt used for an iron tower and its component for measuring axial force of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a stud bolt used for an iron tower and a component for measuring axial force of the stud bolt according to the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a nut in a stud bolt used for an iron tower and its component for measuring axial force of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stud bolt used for an iron tower and a nut in an assembly for measuring axial force of the invention
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gasket in a stud bolt used for an iron tower and an assembly for measuring axial force of the invention.
  • the component includes a stud bolt 3, a first mounting frame 12, a second mounting frame 21, and charging Board 1 and power supply board 2.
  • the above-mentioned first mounting frame 12 is welded to the left end surface of the charging board 1, and the first mounting frame 12 is fixedly installed on the iron tower frame by screws, and is used to fix the charging board 1 on the iron tower frame, thereby facilitating the provision of
  • the second mounting frame 21 is welded to the right end surface of the power supply plate 2, and the second mounting frame 21 is fixedly installed on the drone by screws, so that the power supply can be carried to the measurement point by the drone for measurement. Measure electricity and at the same time, collect measurement data.
  • the center of the right side of the charging board 1 is provided with a step positioning hole 14.
  • the center of the left side end of the power supply board 2 is provided with a positioning rod 23 for matching with the step positioning hole 14.
  • the upper and lower sides of the positioning rod 23 are provided with a plug 22 corresponding to the step jack 13, a step positioning hole 14 and The positioning rod 23 is matched, which is convenient for the drone to carry the power supply to supply power to the charging board 1.
  • the electricity on 2 is transmitted to the charging board 1.
  • the power supply board 2 also includes a lithium battery and a processing module arranged inside.
  • the lithium battery is connected to the plug 22 by a wire, so that the lithium battery’s electricity can be transported out through the plug 22.
  • the processing module It is connected with the lithium battery through a wire to provide working power for the processing module.
  • the processing module is connected to a mobile terminal through NB-IoT, so that the result can be compared with the initial set value and then transmitted to the mobile terminal.
  • Each stud 3 are provided with their own number, which is convenient for knowing the data value of each stud bolt 3 during measurement, and the stud bolt 3 includes a stud bolt body 31 and a nut 32, and the nut 32 is arranged at one end of the stud bolt body 31 , The inner center of the stud body 31 and the nut 32 is penetrated with a wire through hole 4, the wire through hole 4 is provided with a charging wire 5, and the charging wire 5 is connected with a force measuring piece through the wire, which is convenient for measuring electricity through the charging wire 5. It is transmitted to the force-measuring part, and then measured by the force-measuring part.
  • the nut 32 is provided with a threaded blind hole 321 and a spring dynamometer channel 323.
  • the spring dynamometer channel 323 is arranged around the outside of the threaded blind hole 321, and the wire through hole 4 penetrates the threaded blind hole 321.
  • the aforementioned force measuring part includes a washer 33, a miniature spring load cell 324 and a miniature force sensor 331.
  • the washer 33 is close to one end of the nut 32.
  • the stud body 31 penetrates the washer 33.
  • each miniature force sensor 331 is connected to the charging line 5 through a wire, and the signal is transmitted through NB-IoT, so that the miniature force sensor 331 is charged for measurement, and the measurement signal is transmitted, the miniature spring force gauge
  • the 324 ring array is in the spring dynamometer channel 323, and each miniature spring dynamometer 324 is connected by a wire, and the signal is transmitted through NB-IoT, which is convenient for the miniature spring dynamometer 324 to be measured by an electrician. The signal is transmitted.
  • the openings of the stepped positioning hole 14 and the stepped jack 13 are all provided with a certain arc 131, and the heads of the positioning rod 23 and the plug 22 are all spherical, which is convenient for the drone to carry the power supply board 2 to the charging board 1, and
  • the plug 22 and the positioning rod 23 are inserted into the stepped jack 13 and the stepped positioning hole 14, they are staggered due to the existence of errors.
  • the positioning rod 23 slides into the stepped insertion hole 13 and the stepped positioning hole 14 to provide working power for the charging board 1 through the power supply plate 2.
  • the rod 14 is energized and attached with magnetism, which is convenient for the positioning rod 23 to be sucked and held when it is inserted into the bottom of the step positioning hole 14 to prevent looseness and lead to poor contact.
  • a spring 221 is provided between the power supply board 2 and the iron rod 141 to hold the positioning rod 23 so that the plug 22 is inserted into the bottom of the stepped socket 13 and abuts against the bottom of the stepped socket 13 to make good contact.
  • the bottom end surface of the charging board 1 is fixedly connected with a conduit 11, which is used to bundle wires, and the right end surface of the charging board 1 is fixedly connected with an elastic rubber ring 15 which surrounds the stepped hole 13 and the stepped positioning hole. 14 is installed and extends a certain distance from the charging board 1.
  • the elastic rubber ring 15 prevents rainwater from entering the stepped jack 13 and the stepped positioning hole 14. At the same time, it also plays a role when the power supply board 2 is close to the charging board 1. Buffering effect.
  • a first protection washer 34 and a second protection washer 35 are respectively provided on both sides of the aforementioned washer 33, and the stud body 31 penetrates the first protection washer 34 and the second protection washer 35.
  • the above-mentioned processing module includes single-chip microcomputer, A/D conversion and data transmission.
  • Single-chip microcomputer, data output and A/D conversion are respectively connected to lithium battery, data output and A/D conversion are respectively connected to single-chip microcomputer, and the mobile terminal includes data display and alarm.
  • the data display and alarm are connected to the data output through NB-IoT.
  • a stud bolt used for an iron tower and its component for measuring axial force and a measuring method thereof include the following steps:
  • the charging board 1 is fixedly installed on the iron tower according to the level of the iron tower through the first mounting frame 12, and the charging wires 5 in all the studs 3 in each layer are connected to the conduit 11 through the wires.
  • the second step is to use the micro-force sensor 331 in the array on the gasket 33 to measure the value of each circle, and transmit it to the single-chip microcomputer through NB-IoT, and then process the single-chip microcomputer to obtain the weighted average value and multiply it by the respective coefficient of each circle. final result;
  • the fourth step is to amplify the signals from the miniature force sensor 331 and the miniature spring dynamometer 324 received by the single-chip microcomputer, and amplify the received electrical signals that are sufficiently recognized by the data acquisition card, and then convert them into digital signals through A/D conversion , And finally perform operations on the digital signal;
  • the fifth step is to transmit the calculation result to the mobile terminal through NB-IoT, and display the measured axial force value through data display. At the same time, compare with the set initial value. If the initial value is exceeded, the alarm will be activated. Carry out an alarm reminder.
  • the charging board 1 is fixedly installed on the iron tower at a certain interval or level through the first mounting frame 12, and then the charging cable 5 on the numbered stud 3 near the charging board 1 is connected by a wire.
  • Connect the wires connect the wires to the charging board 1 through the conduit 11, and fix the power supply board 2 on the drone through the second mounting frame 21; then, when the measurement is needed, control the drone to fly to the desired level Measure the iron tower, and locate the drone according to the installation position of the charging board 1, and then make the power supply board 2 carried by the drone slowly approach the charging board 1, so that the positioning rod 23 and the plug 22 are aligned with the steps
  • the positioning hole 14 and the stepped insertion hole 13 are guided by an arc 131 to slide into the bottom of the stepped positioning hole 14 and the stepped insertion hole 13 to cooperate.
  • the spring 221 will also be partially compressed, so that the plug is tightly pressed against the bottom of the stepped jack 13, and then the charging board 1 is charged by the lithium battery, and then the charging wire 5 is provided with electricity through the wire, and the charging wire 5 is a micro
  • the measurement of the force sensor 331 and the mini spring dynamometer 324 provide electricity respectively, and at the same time, it also provides electricity for the transmission of their signals, so that the signals measured by the mini force sensor 331 and the mini spring dynamometer 324 are sent through NB-IoT
  • the single-chip will amplify the signal, and then convert the signal into a digital signal through A/D conversion, and then calculate the average value by the single-chip microcomputer.
  • the value will be compared with the initial value.
  • the set value is compared, and the value and the comparison result are sent to the mobile terminal through NB-IoT. If the result is greater than or equal to the set value, the power supply on the iron tower will be cut off immediately to prevent danger. , And issue an alarm.
  • the measurement results are displayed on the display screen in real time, and the number corresponding to the data can be used to know which stud 3 is dangerous.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓（3）及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法，组件包括双头螺栓（3）、第一安装架（12）、第二安装架（21）、充电板（1）和供电板（2），第一安装架（12）焊接于充电板（1）左侧端面上，并通过螺钉固定安装于铁塔架上，第二安装架（21）焊接于供电板（2）右侧端面上，并通过螺钉固定安装于无人机上，充电板（1）右侧端面中心设有阶梯定位孔（14），阶梯定位孔（14）上下两侧分别设有阶梯插孔（13），供电板（2）左侧端面中心设有定位杆（23），定位杆（23）上下两侧设有插头（22），供电板（2）还包括锂电池和处理模块，锂电池与插头（22）连接，处理模块与锂电池连接，处理模块通过NB-IoT连接有移动终端。解决了现有技术中需要人工携带工具，攀爬到铁塔架上去对螺栓进行测量，且为了得到测量结果还需要筹备电源的问题。

Description

一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法 技术领域
本发明涉及机械工程技术领域，具体为一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法。
背景技术
铁塔架是一种很常见的搭载电线的支架，它一般都处于高山等地势比较高的地方，而且由于其迎风面积比较大，并且随着风向的改变，其受力方向也随之改变，因此，对于固定和安装铁塔架的螺栓的强度要求比较高，在强风等气流的影响下，会引起铁塔架的晃动和振摆，这也是影响铁塔架连接的因素之一，故而，要在定期的时间对连接的螺栓进行轴力的测量，避免发生危险，但是，一般的测量都是靠人力去实现的，需要人工携带工具，攀爬到铁塔架上去对螺栓挨个进行测量，且为了得到测量结果还需要筹备电源，此种方式存在工作量大，操作不便，耗时耗力，工作效率极低等缺陷，为此而发明的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件可以很好的避免上述问题，可以很大程度的提高工作效率，且操作简单，在远程就可以进行，无需人再携带工具到铁塔架位置去进行操作。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法，具备远程操作，工作效率高，省时省力等优点，解决了现有技术中需要人工携带工具，攀爬到铁塔架上去对螺栓挨个进行测量，且为了得到测量结果还需要筹备电源的问题。
本发明提供如下技术方案：一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法，该组件包括双头螺栓、第一安装架、第二安装架、充电板和供电板，所述第一安装架焊接于所述充电板左侧端面上，且所述第一安装架通过螺钉固定安装于铁塔架上，所述第二安装架焊接于所述供电板右侧端 面上，且所述第二安装架通过螺钉固定安装于无人机上，所述充电板右侧端面中心设有阶梯定位孔，所述阶梯定位孔上下两侧分别设有阶梯插孔，所述阶梯插孔关于所述阶梯定位孔上下对称，所述供电板左侧端面中心设有用于与所述阶梯定位孔相配合的定位杆，所述定位杆上下两侧设有用于与所述阶梯插孔相对应的插头，所述供电板还包括设置于其内部的锂电池和处理模块，所述锂电池与所述插头通过导线连接，所述处理模块与所述锂电池通过导线连接，所述处理模块通过NB-IoT连接有移动终端，所述双头螺栓包括双头螺栓本体和螺母，所述螺母设置于所述双头螺栓本体一端，所述双头螺栓本体和所述螺母内部中心贯穿设有导线通孔，所述导线通孔内设有充电线，所述充电线通过导线连接有测力件。
优选的，所述螺母内开设有螺纹盲孔和弹簧测力计通道，所述弹簧测力计通道环绕设于所述螺纹盲孔外侧，所述导线通孔贯穿所述螺纹盲孔。
优选的，所述测力件包括垫片、微型弹簧测力计和微型力传感器，所述垫片靠近螺母一端，所述双头螺栓本体贯穿所述垫片，所述微型力传感器分三圈环形阵列于所述垫片上，且每个所述微型力传感器通过导线与所述充电线相连，并将信号通过NB-IoT传输出去，所述微型弹簧测力计环形阵列于所述弹簧测力计通道内，且每个所述微型弹簧测力计通过导线与所述充电线相连，并将信号通过NB-IoT传输出去。
优选的，所述阶梯定位孔和所述阶梯插孔开口处均设有一定的弧度，所述定位杆和所述插头头部均设为球面形，所述阶梯定位孔底部固定连接有端部设有凹槽面的铁杆，所述定位杆通电附带有磁性，所述插头根部与供电板滑动配合连接，且所述插头根部与供电板之间设有弹簧。
优选的，所述充电板底部端面固定连接有导线管，所述导线管用于捆束导线，所述充电板右侧端面固定连接有弹性橡胶圈，所述弹性橡胶圈环绕于所述阶梯插孔和阶梯定位孔设置，且伸出充电板一定距离。
优选的，所述垫片两侧分别设有第一保护垫圈和第二保护垫圈，所述双头螺栓本体贯穿所述第一保护垫圈和所述第二保护垫圈。
优选的，所述处理模块包括单片机、A/D转换和数据传输，所述单片机、所述数据输出和所述A/D转换分别与所述锂电池相连，所述数据输出和所述A/D转换分别与所述单片机相连，所述移动终端包括数据显示和报警器，所述数据显示和所述报警器通过NB-IoT与所述数据输出相连。
优选的，所述双头螺栓均设有用于识别的编号。
一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法，包括以下步骤：
第一步，通过第一安装架将充电板根据铁塔架层次固定安装于铁塔架上，并将每层中所有的双头螺栓内的充电线通过导线连接汇总至导线管处，并与充电板相连，再通过第二安装架将供电板固定安装于无人机上，通过无人机携带供电板至铁塔处，利用无人机定位功能使得无人机飞行至充电板处，并使得充电板与供电板相对应，再通过无人机慢慢靠近，使得插头和定位杆分别插入阶梯插孔和阶梯定位孔，从而为测力计进行供电；
第二步，利用垫片上阵列的微型力传感器测量的每一圈的数值大小，并通过NB-IoT传输至单片机，再通过单片机处理得到加权平均值并乘以每圈各自的系数得到最终的结果；
第三步，螺母内部的微型弹簧测力计受到压力时，数值发生变化并通过NB-IoT输出数值差信号；
第四步，单片机接收到的微型力传感器和微型弹簧测力计的信号，并将其放大致数据采集卡足够识别的接收的电信号，再通过A/D转换将其转换为数字信号，最后对数字信号进行运算；
第五步，将运算结果通过NB-IoT传输到移动终端，并通过数据显示而展示出测量到的轴力值，同时，与设定的初始值进行比较，若超出初始值，则 警报器会进行报警提示。
工作原理：首先，将充电板通过第一安装架按一定间距或层级固定安装于铁塔架上，再通过导线将该充电板附近的设有编号的双头螺栓上的充电线连接起来，并将导线通过导线管汇总连接到充电板上，将供电板通过第二安装架固定安装于无人机上；然后，待需要测量时，控制无人机飞行至所需测量的铁塔架处，并根据充电板的安装位置将无人机定位至该处，再使得无人机携带的供电板慢慢靠近充电板，使得定位杆和插头对准阶梯定位孔和阶梯插孔，并在弧度的引导下滑入阶梯定位孔和阶梯插孔底部相配合，定位杆会在通电后所带磁力作用下与铁杆相吸持，同时，弹簧也会被部分压缩，使得插头紧紧的顶靠在阶梯插孔底部，进而通过锂电池使得充电板带电，进而通过导线向充电线提供用电，进而充电线为微型力传感器和微型弹簧测力计的测量分别提供用电，同时，也为其信号的传输提供用电，进而使得微型力传感器和微型弹簧测力计所测量信号通过NB-IoT发送至供电板内设有的单片机上，单片机将对信号进行放大处理，再经A/D转换将该信号转换为数字信号，再经单片机运算并得出平均值，最后，将该数值与初始设定值进行比较，并通过NB-IoT将该数值和比较结果发送至移动终端，若所得结果大于或等于设定值时，将立即切断铁塔架上的电源，以起到防止危险发生的作用，并发出警报，同时，将测量结果实时的通过显示屏展示出来，并通过数据所对应的编号即可得知是哪一颗双头螺栓存在危险性。
本发明具备以下有益效果：
一、该发明，可以进行远程操控，通过无人机携带电源至指定地点的铁塔架位置，并在指定位置对铁塔架上的双头螺栓内的测力件和信号传输提供用电保障，并将测量值通过NB-IoT发送至供电板内设有的单片机上，经处理后将数据信号通过NB-IoT发送至移动终端，进而供人们查看。
二、该发明，每个双头螺栓都具有属于自身的编号，进而便于在进行测 量时，得到每颗双头螺栓所对应的数据值，以便于在报警时得知是哪一颗双头螺栓出了问题。
三、该发明，在定位孔和插孔均设置为阶梯形的，插头和定位杆的头部均设为球面形的，且在定位孔和插孔开口处设有弧度，从而即使对接的不够精准，也会在插头和定位杆在弧度处的滑动使得插头和定位杆插入到底部去，从而防止由于定位不够精准而使得插头和定位杆插入插孔和定位孔时错位导致对接失败；插头根部与供电板滑动配合连接，且它俩之间设有弹簧，使得插头紧紧顶靠在插孔顶部，为了避免供电时的接触不良；定位杆在通电后会附带有磁性，便于在插入后紧紧的吸附住供电板，防止其松动而使得供电失败，且在不通电时不具有磁性，也便于无人机携带供电板脱离。
四、该发明，信号的发送均是利用NB-IoT来实现的，是因为NB-IoT具有广覆盖、支撑海量连接的能力、低功耗和更低的模块成本等特点，相对于蓝牙等无线连接更具优势。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件中充电板的右视图；
图3为本发明一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件的系统框架图；
图4为本发明一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件中测力件的框架图；
图5为本发明一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件中双头螺栓的整体结构示意图；
图6为本发明一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件中螺母的 整体结构示意图；
图7为本发明一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件中螺母的截面示意图；
图8为本发明一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件中垫片的整体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-图8，一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法，该组件包括双头螺栓3、第一安装架12、第二安装架21、充电板1和供电板2。
其中，上述的第一安装架12焊接于充电板1左侧端面上，且第一安装架12通过螺钉固定安装于铁塔架上，用于将充电板1固定在铁塔架上，进而便于为提供测量所需用电，第二安装架21焊接于供电板2右侧端面上，且第二安装架21通过螺钉固定安装于无人机上，便于通过无人机将电源携带至测量点为测量提供测量用电，同时，进行测量数据的采集，充电板1右侧端面中心设有阶梯定位孔14，阶梯定位孔14上下两侧分别设有阶梯插孔13，阶梯插孔13关于阶梯定位孔14上下对称，供电板2左侧端面中心设有用于与阶梯定位孔14相配合的定位杆23，定位杆23上下两侧设有用于与阶梯插孔13相对应的插头22，阶梯定位孔14和定位杆23相匹配，便于无人机携带电源为充电板1进行供电时，起到一个定位作用，阶梯插孔13和插头22相配合，便于阶梯插孔13和插头22的连接关系将供电板2上的电输送至充电板1上，供电板2还包括设置于其内部的锂电池和处理模块，锂电池与插头22通过导 线连接，便于通过插头22将锂电池的电输送出去，处理模块与锂电池通过导线连接，用于为处理模块提供工作用电，处理模块通过NB-IoT连接有移动终端，便于将结果与初始设定值进行比较后传输至移动终端上，每个双头螺栓3均设有属于自己的编号，便于在测量时得知每个双头螺栓3的数据值，且双头螺栓3包括双头螺栓本体31和螺母32，螺母32设置于双头螺栓本体31一端，双头螺栓本体31和螺母32内部中心贯穿设有导线通孔4，导线通孔4内设有充电线5，充电线5通过导线连接有测力件，便于通过充电线5将测量用电传输至测力件，进而通过测力件进行测量。
上述螺母32内开设有螺纹盲孔321和弹簧测力计通道323，弹簧测力计通道323环绕设于螺纹盲孔321外侧，导线通孔4贯穿螺纹盲孔321。
上述测力件包括垫片33、微型弹簧测力计324和微型力传感器331，垫片33靠近螺母32一端，双头螺栓本体31贯穿垫片33，微型力传感器331分三圈环形阵列于垫片33上，且每个微型力传感器331通过导线与充电线5相连，并将信号通过NB-IoT传输出去，便于微型力传感器331带电进行测量，并将测量信号传输出去，微型弹簧测力计324环形阵列于弹簧测力计通道323内，且每个微型弹簧测力计324通过导线相连，并将信号通过NB-IoT传输出去，便于微型弹簧测力计324带电工进行测量，并将测量信号传输出去。
上述阶梯定位孔14和阶梯插孔13开口处均设有一定的弧度131，定位杆23和插头22头部均设为球面形，便于无人机携带供电板2来到充电板1处，并将插头22和定位杆23向阶梯插孔13和阶梯定位孔14内插入时，由于误差存在而错开，此时，便可通过插头22和定位杆23顶到该弧度131上，使得插头22和定位杆23滑入阶梯插孔13和阶梯定位孔14内，从而通过供电板2为充电板1提供工作用电，阶梯定位孔14底部固定连接有端部设有凹槽面的铁杆141，定位杆14通电附带有磁性，便于定位杆23插入阶梯定位孔14底部时将其吸持住，防止松动而导致接触不良，所述插头22根部与供电板 2滑动配合连接，且所述插头22根部与供电板2之间设有弹簧221，用于当铁杆141与定位杆23吸持时，插头22插入至阶梯插孔13底部，并与阶梯插孔13底部抵接接触，使得其接触良好。
上述充电板1底部端面固定连接有导线管11，导线管11用于捆束导线，充电板1右侧端面固定连接有弹性橡胶圈15，弹性橡胶圈15环绕于阶梯插孔13和阶梯定位孔14设置，且伸出充电板1一定距离，弹性橡胶圈15起到防止雨水进入阶梯插孔13和阶梯定位孔14内的作用，同时，且起到供电板2向充电板1靠近配合时的缓冲作用。
上述垫片33两侧分别设有第一保护垫圈34和第二保护垫圈35，双头螺栓本体31贯穿第一保护垫圈34和第二保护垫圈35。
上述处理模块包括单片机、A/D转换和数据传输，单片机、数据输出和A/D转换分别与锂电池相连，数据输出和A/D转换分别与单片机相连，移动终端包括数据显示和报警器，数据显示和报警器通过NB-IoT与数据输出相连。
一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法，包括以下步骤：
第一步，通过第一安装架12将充电板1根据铁塔架层次固定安装于铁塔架上，并将每层中所有的双头螺栓3内的充电线5通过导线连接汇总至导线管11处，并与充电板1相连，再通过第二安装架21将供电板2固定安装于无人机上，通过无人机携带供电板2至铁塔处，利用无人机定位功能使得无人机飞行至充电板1处，并使得充电板1与供电板2相对应，再通过无人机慢慢靠近，使得插头22和定位杆23分别插入阶梯插孔13和阶梯定位孔14，从而为测力计进行供电；
第二步，利用垫片33上阵列的微型力传感器331测量的每一圈的数值大小，并通过NB-IoT传输至单片机，再通过单片机处理得到加权平均值并乘以每圈各自的系数得到最终的结果；
第三步，螺母32内部的微型弹簧测力计324受到压力时，数值发生变化并通过NB-IoT输出数值差信号；
第四步，单片机接收到的微型力传感器331和微型弹簧测力计324的信号，并将其放大致数据采集卡足够识别的接收的电信号，再通过A/D转换将其转换为数字信号，最后对数字信号进行运算；
第五步，将运算结果通过NB-IoT传输到移动终端，并通过数据显示而展示出测量到的轴力值，同时，与设定的初始值进行比较，若超出初始值，则警报器会进行报警提示。
工作原理：首先，将充电板1通过第一安装架12按一定间距或层级固定安装于铁塔架上，再通过导线将该充电板1附近的设有编号的双头螺栓3上的充电线5连接起来，并将导线通过导线管11汇总连接到充电板1上，将供电板2通过第二安装架21固定安装于无人机上；然后，待需要测量时，控制无人机飞行至所需测量的铁塔架处，并根据充电板1的安装位置将无人机定位至该处，再使得无人机携带的供电板2慢慢靠近充电板1，使得定位杆23和插头22对准阶梯定位孔14和阶梯插孔13，并在弧度131的引导下滑入阶梯定位孔14和阶梯插孔13底部相配合，定位杆23会在通电后所带磁力作用下与铁杆141相吸持，同时，弹簧221也会被部分压缩，使得插头紧紧的顶靠在阶梯插孔13底部，进而通过锂电池使得充电板1带电，进而通过导线向充电线5提供用电，进而充电线5为微型力传感器331和微型弹簧测力计324的测量分别提供用电，同时，也为其信号的传输提供用电，进而使得微型力传感器331和微型弹簧测力计324所测量信号通过NB-IoT发送至供电板2内设有的单片机上，单片机将对信号进行放大处理，再经A/D转换将该信号转换为数字信号，再经单片机运算并得出平均值，最后，将该数值与初始设定值进行比较，并通过NB-IoT将该数值和比较结果发送至移动终端，若所得结果大于或等于设定值时，将立即切断铁塔架上的电源，以起到防止危险发生 的作用，并发出警报，同时，将测量结果实时的通过显示屏展示出来，并通过数据所对应的编号即可得知是哪一颗双头螺栓3存在危险性。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。同时在本发明的附图中，填充图案只是为了区别图层，不做其他任何限定。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法，该组件包括双头螺栓(3)、第一安装架(12)、第二安装架(21)、充电板(1)和供电板(2)，其特征在于：所述第一安装架(12)焊接于所述充电板(1)左侧端面上，且所述第一安装架(12)通过螺钉固定安装于铁塔架上，所述第二安装架(21)焊接于所述供电板(2)右侧端面上，且所述第二安装架(21)通过螺钉固定安装于无人机上，所述充电板(1)右侧端面中心设有阶梯定位孔(14)，所述阶梯定位孔(14)上下两侧分别设有阶梯插孔(13)，所述阶梯插孔(13)关于所述阶梯定位孔(14)上下对称，所述供电板(2)左侧端面中心设有用于与所述阶梯定位孔(14)相配合的定位杆(23)，所述定位杆(23)上下两侧设有用于与所述阶梯插孔(13)相对应的插头(22)，所述供电板(2)还包括设置于其内部的锂电池和处理模块，所述锂电池与所述插头(22)通过导线连接，所述处理模块与所述锂电池通过导线连接，所述处理模块通过NB-IoT连接有移动终端，所述双头螺栓(3)包括双头螺栓本体(31)和螺母(32)，所述螺母(32)设置于所述双头螺栓本体(31)一端，所述双头螺栓本体(31)和所述螺母(32)内部中心贯穿设有导线通孔(4)，所述导线通孔(4)内设有充电线(5)，所述充电线(5)通过导线连接有测力件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件，其特征在于：所述螺母(32)内开设有螺纹盲孔(321)和弹簧测力计通道(323)，所述弹簧测力计通道(323)环绕设于所述螺纹盲孔(321)外侧，所述导线通孔(4)贯穿所述螺纹盲孔(321)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件，其特征在于：所述测力件包括垫片(33)、微型弹簧测力计(324)和微型力传感器(331)，所述垫片(33)靠近螺母(32)一端，所述双头螺栓本体(31)贯穿所述垫片(33)，所述微型力传感器(331)分三圈环形阵列于 所述垫片(33)上，且每个所述微型力传感器(331)通过导线与所述充电线(5)相连，并将信号通过NB-IoT传输出去，所述微型弹簧测力计(324)环形阵列于所述弹簧测力计通道(323)内，且每个所述微型弹簧测力计(324)通过导线与所述充电线(5)相连，并将信号通过NB-IoT传输出去。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件，其特征在于：所述阶梯定位孔(14)和所述阶梯插孔(13)开口处均设有一定的弧度(131)，所述定位杆(23)和所述插头(22)头部均设为球面形，所述阶梯定位孔(14)底部固定连接有端部设有凹槽面的铁杆(141)，所述定位杆(14)通电附带有磁性，所述插头(22)根部与供电板(2)滑动配合连接，且所述插头(22)根部与供电板(2)之间设有弹簧(221)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件，其特征在于：所述充电板(1)底部端面固定连接有导线管(11)，所述导线管(11)用于捆束导线，所述充电板(1)右侧端面固定连接有弹性橡胶圈(15)，所述弹性橡胶圈(15)环绕于所述阶梯插孔(13)和阶梯定位孔(14)设置，且伸出充电板(1)一定距离。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件，其特征在于：所述垫片(33)两侧分别设有第一保护垫圈(34)和第二保护垫圈(35)，所述双头螺栓本体(31)贯穿所述第一保护垫圈(34)和所述第二保护垫圈(35)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件，其特征在于：所述处理模块包括单片机、A/D转换和数据传输，所述单片机、所述数据输出和所述A/D转换分别与所述锂电池相连，所述数据输出和所述A/D转换分别与所述单片机相连，所述移动终端包括数据显示和报警器，所述数据显示和所述报警器通过NB-IoT与所述数据输出相连。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组 件，其特征在于：所述双头螺栓(3)均设有用于识别的编号。
  9. 一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件及测量方法，其特征在于：采用权利要求1-7任一所述的一种用于铁塔架的双头螺栓及其测量轴力的组件，包括以下步骤：
    第一步，通过第一安装架(12)将充电板(1)根据铁塔架层次固定安装于铁塔架上，并将每层中所有的双头螺栓(3)内的充电线(5)通过导线连接汇总至导线管(11)处，并与充电板(1)相连，再通过第二安装架(21)将供电板(2)固定安装于无人机上，通过无人机携带供电板(2)至铁塔处，利用无人机定位功能使得无人机飞行至充电板(1)处，并使得充电板(1)与供电板(2)相对应，再通过无人机慢慢靠近，使得插头(22)和定位杆(23)分别插入阶梯插孔(13)和阶梯定位孔(14)，从而为测力计进行供电；
    第二步，利用垫片(33)上阵列的微型力传感器(331)测量的每一圈的数值大小，并通过NB-IoT传输至单片机，再通过单片机处理得到加权平均值并乘以每圈各自的系数得到最终的结果；
    第三步，螺母(32)内部的微型弹簧测力计(324)受到压力时，数值发生变化并通过NB-IoT输出数值差信号；
    第四步，单片机接收到的微型力传感器(331)和微型弹簧测力计(324)的信号，并将其放大致数据采集卡足够识别的接收的电信号，再通过A/D转换将其转换为数字信号，最后对数字信号进行运算；
    第五步，将运算结果通过NB-IoT传输到移动终端，并通过数据显示而展示出测量到的轴力值，同时，与设定的初始值进行比较，若超出初始值，则警报器会进行报警提示。
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