WO2021251807A1

WO2021251807A1 - Traction surfaces of self-moving apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2021251807A1
Application number: PCT/KZ2021/000013
Authority: WO
Inventors: Алдан Асанович САПАРГАЛИЕВ
Original assignee: Алдан Асанович САПАРГАЛИЕВ
Priority date: 2020-06-11
Filing date: 2021-06-04
Publication date: 2021-12-16

Abstract

The present invention relates to an SMA (self-moving apparatus, including terrestrial, submarine, supermarine and flying apparatuses and hybrids thereof) which has an energy-efficient propulsion system in a fluid (gaseous or liquid) medium and can be used for the creation of new types of drives and new SMAs. The invention also makes it possible to substantially enhance the safety of using SMAs. For example, they make it possible to create SMAs with a low 'stalling' speed (the SMA loses stability/controllability of motion due to the predominance of gravitation), including lift-off and landing, which are critical for operating flying apparatuses.

Description

"Traction surfaces of the self-displacement apparatus"

The present invention relates to SMA (SMA-self-displacement apparatus in one of the types: ground transport, surface, underwater and aircraft. new types of drives and new types of SMA,

It is known that an ejection jet of gas from a horizontal thrust engine (for example, a serial Boeing-737-800 airliner) comes out from under the wing of an aircraft. In this case, such a dense mass of gas escaping under pressure creates a lifting (vertical) thrust to the aircraft due to the difference in gas pressure under and above its wings.

Known projects

which provide for the creation of an additional lifting

(vertical) thrust to the aircraft due to the low pressure of the exhaust jet above the aircraft, created by the horizontal thrust engine.

I The disadvantages of such rolled-up technical solutions are that in SMA drives, the jet of the current medium entering and leaving the snot of the horizontal thrust propeller is not efficiently used:

(a) the opposite direction lateral transverse force vectors created by the components of the jet in front of the propeller and behind the horizontal thrust propeller at the entrance to the front nozzle and at the exit from the rear nozzle of the propeller of the flowing medium mutually compensate and are not used to create vertical thrust and create additional horizontal thrust force.

(B) the opposite direction of the vertical transverse force vectors generated by the components of the jet is used to create vertical thrust and additional horizontal thrust, only in front or behind the propeller (such technical solutions can be called a one-way thrust system).

The disadvantages of these technical solutions for one-sided vertical thrust vectors is also the fact that they are considered only in relation to certain types of objects without considering the general foundations of vertical thrust vectors

Known (Mips s / wB% yoHtBbexora / wat eh? V = dI67Fogz5 4) Lockheed Martin F ~ 35 Lightning II - a short takeoff and vertical landing fighter with a variable exit nozzle direction - rear bending corrugated pipe of the rear nozzle can direct the thrust both horizontally and vertically (for vertical take-off and landing).

Such technical solutions do not introduce energy efficiency - all opposite directions and transverse force vectors created by the components of the stream of the flowing medium are mutually compensated, In addition, changing the directions of the stream from the rear nozzle requires significant additional energy consumption. The main object of the present invention is to propose a new concept of an energy-efficient SMA, as well as a device for its implementation based on the effective pressure control of the jet flow of a fluid (liquid or gaseous) medium, forced by the drive. At the same time, the device variants proposed in this invention cover all types of SMA,

The invention additionally provides an increase in the level of environmental protection.

The claimed new concept of an energy efficient SMA and a device for its implementation meet the criteria of the invention, since no similar solutions have been identified at the date of filing the application. The proposed here concepts and device for its implementation have a number of significant differences from the known methods and devices for their implementation.

The proposed SMA includes a central compartment system (cockpit-fuselage), actuators and an actuator containing components; power source, transmission mechanism, and controls.

In the present he will! a ZV-thrust system is proposed, which allows the targeted efficient use of the components of the flow of the current medium, both entering and leaving the channel TG (propulsion device, thrust generator), the main purpose of which is to ensure the horizontal movement of SM.4. In particular, the ZV-thrust system results in the maximum conversion of the energy generated by the TG into horizontal or horizontal and vertical thrust energy.

The ZV-thrust system includes, in particular, "traction surfaces" interacting with the flow of the current environment, set in motion by the TG, "Traction surfaces" includes the well-known "main components of SMA" SMA (structural components such as cockpit-fuselage, wings, stabilizers) in a new structural design of their geometry and their relative position, as well as specially designed "traction surfaces", which can be divided into so-called : "Traction chutes" and "traction hoods" which are new.

This new methodology for the design and optimization of energy-efficient SMA violates, in a sense, the paradigms associated with the classical approach to solving such problems.

Known SMA (SMA - self-propelled device in one of the types: ground transport, surface, mod water and aircraft, and their hybrid types), which includes a central system of compartments (cockpit-fuselage), executive bodies and a drive containing components: energy source , transmission mechanism, and controls.

The main difference between the proposed SMA is that it contains at least one or more propellers (thrust generators), and corresponding "traction surfaces" for the implementation of "ZV-thrust Technologies", while the "ZV-thrust Technologies", in particular, it is made selected from a number of its types:

- If (l i-; 2)} and J / (1 I; 2 j) - technologies that minimize the forces

in order to increase the groups of forces {lF ^ho , 1 F ^up }, and minimize the forces 2 F ^m in order to increase the groups of forces {2F ^ito 2F ^tp }, or minimize the forces 2F ^h and 2F ^up , in order to increase 2F ^ho ;

- (1 ^ 2 "to / (1; 2) - technologies that minimize the forces lF ° and 1 F ' ^ip in order to increase 1 F ^ho _f and minimize the forces 2F ^e in order to increase the groups of forces {2F ^na , 2 F ^tip }, or minimize the forces 2 F ^to n 2 F ^up in order to increase 2 F ^ho ; - G / ^' (1 j; 2 ^) and 1J (1 I; 2 i) - technologies that minimize the force 2 F ¹⁰ e in order to increase the groups of forces {2F ^m , 2 F ^{> ip} }, and minimize the forces, respectively

, 1 F ⁿ , lF ^le , or 1 F ^sa and one and forces 1 F '' ^e „1 F ⁿ , in order to increase the groups of forces

- / (l; 2 $) n / (1>1; 2) - technologies that minimize the force lF ^h , in order to increase the groups of forces {1

minimizes the forces, respectively 2 F ⁴ , 2F ⁿ * 2F ^k

, or 2 F ^la and one of the forces 2 F ^le , 2 F ^fl , in order to increase the groups of forces {2 F ^ho , 2F * ^{> P} };

- / (l U; 2) and / (! ']; 20) -technologies that minimize the forces 1 F ^h and one of \ F ^te and 1 F ^u , in order to increase the groups of forces {lF ^ho , \ F ^up } , and minimizes the forces 2F, 2F ^{k '} 2 F ¹ , or 2 F ⁱ⁰ and one of the forces 2F ^te , 2F ⁿ , in order to increase the groups of forces {2F ^ho , 2 ^4p );

- 2J (10; 2 f) and _ / (10; 2q) - technologies that minimize the forces 1 F ^k IF ¹ , IF ”in order to increase the groups of forces {lF ^hc IF ' ⁹ }, and minimize the forces, respectively 2F' ° _> 2 F ^Ie , 2F ⁿ _t or 2 F ^to and one of the forces 2F ^le , 2 F ⁿ , in order to increase the groups of forces {2F ^m , 2R * ^f h

Other differences between the offered types of SMA are that:

- its “traction surface” includes, but at least, one id of a number of its types: “main components of SMA” - well-known structural components of SMA (cockpit-fuselage, wings, stabilizers) in a new structural design of their geometry and their relative position; "Traction caps" of the propeller channel from the front (at the inlet of the flow of the current medium) Ш; from the back (at the outlet of the flow of the current medium) 2Vi of its side; one-sided ST "traction chutes" or two-sided Gu "" traction chutes ", moreover, the lateral sides of the "traction chutes" can be straight or curved;

- "traction system" SMA includes "traction surface" and is made with the provision of possibilities, together with other components of SMA, to achieve the maximum value, at least one of the series: horizontal thrust F ^iw ; vertical thrust F ^up ; groups of horizontal and vertical rods {F ^, F ^up }.

The present invention may be practiced in many ways, and only a few preferred designs will be described by way of examples in the accompanying schematic drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the flow components of the current (gaseous or liquid) environment (indicated by thin lines with arrows) driven by a fan in the TG (thrust generator), entering and leaving the TG channel. FIG. 2 shows how the flows of the flowing medium are transformed into components of the external force directed: up 1 F ^up , down IF ¹⁰ , right IF ^U , left 1 F ^{} e} and in the axial direction (horizontally) Ϊ F ^ho from the front of TG, as well as with rear TG up 2 ' ^iiJ , BHH3 2' °, right 2F ^tl , left 2 F ^k and axially (horizontal) 2 F ^ho

In the general case, efficient use of the components of the flow of the current medium, both entering and leaving the TG channel, can be carried out on the basis of several technologies of ZV-thrust technologies, using “traction surfaces” (“main components of SMA” - cockpit-fuselage , wings, stabilizers in a new structural design of their geometry and their b position, as well as the "traction chutes" and "traction hoods" used at the front and rear of the TG).

In front of the TG, one of 2 groups of technologies can be used, in the form of minimizing (limiting) one or more of the forces in front of the TG: a) limiting the forces directed downward 1 F ^h , to the right lF ⁿ and to the left l ^{? E} , in order to increase forces directed horizontally lF ^ho and upward 1 F ^up ; b) limiting the forces directed downward 2 F '°, to the right 2 "H to the left 2F ^le _t in order to increase the group of forces directed horizontally 2 F ^ho and upward 2F ^{i? i} ;

From the rear of the TG, one of 2 groups of technologies can be used, in the form of minimizing one or more forces from the rear of the TG: a) limiting the forces directed downward 1 F ^ta , to the right I ”, to the left lF ^h and up 1 F ^up , in order to increase the force directed horizontally 1P ^t ; b) limitation of forces directed downwards 2F ^l °, to the right 2F ⁿ , to the left 2F ^te and up 2 F ^p

, in order to increase the force directed horizontally 2F "С

It should be noted that with the help of the “main components of SMA” in a new design of their geometry and their interposition, or with the help of “traction canopies”, it is possible to implement any of the “ZV-pulling technologies”. It is advisable to use "traction chutes" as an additional element to the "main components of the SMA". Of course, a combination of any of the “pulling surfaces” can be used in ZV-Traction Technologies.

Let us introduce symbols that denote, respectively, the limitations of external forces:

- directed, respectively, down, up and down + up;

(,) and () - directed, respectively, to the right, left and viravo + left;

- directed, respectively, down + (one of the right and left) and vnnz + right + left.

These symbols make it possible to symbolically represent any technology,

Figs 3, 4 and 5 respectively show some of the "ZV-Traction Technologies", for example, the uses of "traction hoods":

- 2 / (1 Y; 2) - technologies that from the front and from the back of TG minimize the force F ^h in order to increase the group of forces {F ^ho , F ^up };

- G / (ΐ I; 2 ϋ) - technologies that front and rear ends TG minimize sylu P ^w and from the forces F ⁿ group in order to increase the forces {F ^m, F ^tip};

- 2 (1; 2 Ts;) - technologies that, front and rear of the TG, minimize the forces F ^l °

F ⁿ , and F ^h , in order to increase the group of forces {F ^ho , F ^bp };

FIG. ba-bs, 7a-7c and 8a-8c are some of the "ZV-thrust technologies", for example, proposed to be implemented on an airplane. On these figures, systematized general designations are introduced: C - cockpit (fuselage); W - wing; W1 and W2 - located at different levels, respectively, the front and rear (the rear wing is higher than the front) of the wing; W11 and W12 - two wings located on the same level; solid thin lines with arrows show the directions of the vectors of the current environment; TG11 and TG12 are two parts of one propeller (thrust generator), respectively located above and below (one or two different) wings; B ¹ and B ² - the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the object; propellers (thrust generators) TG * ¹ , TG ^{> e} and TG ^ - right, left and center, respectively; vertical stabilizers Fi ⁿ , Fi ^{! e} and Fi ^cs - respectively, right-sided, left-sided and central; front "visors" Wf Wi ^le and 1 Vf ^e - right, left and center, respectively; rear "visors" 2 Vi ⁿ , 2 i ^le in 2Vi ^ce - respectively _" right, left and central; one-sided "grooves" 1 <3m and 2 Gu - front and rear, respectively; bilateral “grooves” IG and 2 Gu ² - front and rear, respectively.

On fi. ba-bs shows 2 / (1; 2 C) -technology, implemented on an airplane with two wings Wlvt W2 at different levels. In this case, the Tf (1 U; 2 f) -technology is implemented only with the help of the "main components of SMA" - with the help of fuselage surfaces C _" wings 111 and W2, lateral vertical right Fi" and left Fi stabilizers. For Figs, 4-6, it is characteristic that: the hind wing W2 is higher than the front wing W1; the plane of the front and rear openings of the propeller channel are connected with an overlap, respectively, with the upper surface of the rear border of the front wing and the lower surface of the front border of the rear wing, including taking into account the additional "connecting traction part" (in the new structural design of the wing geometry), when it availability.

FIG. 7-? C shows 2

- technology implemented on an airplane with two wings and one level. In this case, f (l J 2 ^) is a technology implemented using the surfaces of the fuselage C, wings ill and ^' 2, and visors ⁿ , ¥ ^e ; Vi2 ⁿ and 2 ^fe , In this case, the "ZV-thrust technology" is implemented based on the use of a combination of "main components of SMA" and "traction canopies".

FIG. and 8a-8c shows 27 (1C; 2)) - technology implemented on an airplane with two wings and at the same level, using wing surfaces and double-sided

"Traction chutes" St "2 ~ n QuY. In this case, the angles "91 and <92, between the center line fuselage and, respectively, the front and rear "traction chutes" are limited within the limits 0 <$ 1 <i / 4 and 0 <- $ 2 <4. "Traction chutes" in "ZV-thrust technologies" are advisable to be used only for energy-efficient SMA with low speeds ...

Claims

Claim

1. SMA (SMA - the apparatus of the location itself in one of the types: ground transport, surface, underwater; aircraft, and their hybrid types) includes a central system of compartments (cockpit-fuselage), executive bodies and a drive containing components: energy source, transmission mechanism, and controls, which contains at least one or more propellers (thrust generators), and their corresponding "traction surfaces" for the implementation of "ZV-thrust Technologies", while "ZV Technologies - thrust ", in particular, is made selected from a number of its types: - G (1F; 2)) and 2 (1F; 2) - technologies that minimize the forces 1 F ^to in order to increase the groups of forces {1F ^{A <>} , lF ^lip }, and minimize the forces 2F ^Ie in order to increase the groups; forces {F ^{, l} ° 2 G ^{, y} }, or minimize the forces 2F ^h and 2F ^up , in order to increase pho

- / (lj; 2))

- technologies that minimize the forces ΪR ^{! a} and \ F ^iip in order to increase 1 F ^m , and minimize the forces 2F ¹ in order to increase the cowardice {2F ^ho , 2F ^up }, or minimize the forces 2 ¹⁰ and 2F ^{t <p} for the purpose increases 2 ^{/ w} ;

- 27 (1C;) and 27 (ΐF; 2) - technologies that minimize the force 2F 'in order to increase the groups of forces {2F " ⁰ , 2 F ^up ], and minimize the forces, respectively, IF', IF",! F 'or iF ^/ and one of the forces IF ^/:, IF ", in order to increase the rogue forces

- f (1 F; 2 ft) and / (1 F; 2 F) - technologies that minimize the force 1F, in order to increase the groups of forces (1F

lF ^lip }, and minimizes the forces, respectively 2 °, 2 F ^H ,

2 F ' ^e , or 2F' ° and one of the forces 2 F ^{/ <} , 2F ¹¹ , in order to increase the groups of forces {2, 2 F ^up };

- j (1; 2 C) and j (1 -; 2 Ф) - technologies that minimize the forces IF ° and one of

\ F ^le and 1F ", in order to increase the groups of forces

minimizes the forces 2 F ^ta , 2 F ^k: 2F ⁿ _" or 2F ^h and one of the forces 2 F ^k _" 2F ⁿ , in order to increase the troupes of forces {2F ^no

2F ^p };

- Tj (1; 2 J) H / (! Ц; 2 -И) - technologies that minimize the forces IF ^K _f 1 F ^ie

Ϊ F ⁿ in order to increase, groups of forces (I *, 1 F ^ap } _t n minimizes the forces, respectively, 2 F ^fo , 2 F ^Is 2F ⁿ , or 2 F ^l ° and one w forces 2 ^; 2 F ⁿ , in order to increase , bullshit forces {

2 * ^f \ 2F ^{i? P} },

2, SMA, but also, 1, characterized in that its "traction surface" includes at least one of a number of its types: "main components of SMA" - known structural components of SMA (cockpit-fuselage, wings, stabilizers) new structural performance of their geometry and their interposition;

"Traction caps" of the propeller channel from the front (at the inlet of the flow of the current medium)

Wi; from the back (at the outlet of the flow of the current medium) 2M of its side; one way git ¹

"Traction chutes" or double-sided GiF "traction chutes", whereby the sides of the "traction chutes" can be straight or curved. 3. SMA, by and. 2, characterized in that the "traction system" SMA includes a "traction surface" and is designed to provide the ability, together with other components of the SMA, to achieve a maximum value of at least one of the series; horizontal thrust F ^h; vertical thrust F ^Jp ; groups of horizontal and vertical rods {F ^ho , F ^iip }.