WO2021246443A1 - 圧電デバイス - Google Patents
圧電デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021246443A1 WO2021246443A1 PCT/JP2021/021019 JP2021021019W WO2021246443A1 WO 2021246443 A1 WO2021246443 A1 WO 2021246443A1 JP 2021021019 W JP2021021019 W JP 2021021019W WO 2021246443 A1 WO2021246443 A1 WO 2021246443A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/704—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices based on piezoelectric or electrostrictive films or coatings
- H10N30/706—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices based on piezoelectric or electrostrictive films or coatings characterised by the underlying bases, e.g. substrates
- H10N30/708—Intermediate layers, e.g. barrier, adhesion or growth control buffer layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/20—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
- H10N30/204—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators using bending displacement, e.g. unimorph, bimorph or multimorph cantilever or membrane benders
- H10N30/2047—Membrane type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; Electromechanical resonators
- H03H9/15—Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material
- H03H9/17—Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezoelectric or electrostrictive material having a single resonator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/852—Composite materials, e.g. having 1-3 or 2-2 type connectivity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/87—Electrodes or interconnections, e.g. leads or terminals
- H10N30/877—Conductive materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/07—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base
- H10N30/072—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
- H10N30/073—Forming of piezoelectric or electrostrictive parts or bodies on an electrical element or another base by laminating or bonding of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by fusion of metals or by adhesives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10N30/08—Shaping or machining of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies
- H10N30/082—Shaping or machining of piezoelectric or electrostrictive bodies by etching, e.g. lithography
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a piezoelectric device.
- Patent Document 1 is a document that discloses the configuration of the piezoelectric device.
- the piezoelectric device described in Patent Document 1 includes a substrate and a membrane portion.
- the substrate has an opening that penetrates the substrate.
- the membrane portion is formed of at least one elastic layer and at least one piezoelectric layer sandwiched between the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer.
- the membrane portion is attached to the substrate above the opening.
- a through groove is formed by etching in the membrane portion near the end of the opening.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a piezoelectric device having high excitation efficiency.
- the piezoelectric device based on the present invention includes a base portion and a laminated portion.
- the base includes one main surface and the other main surface located on the opposite side of one main surface, and has an opening penetrating from one main surface to the other main surface.
- the laminated portion is laminated on one main surface side of the base portion and covers the opening portion from above.
- the laminated portion is formed on at least a part of the single crystal piezoelectric layer, the upper electrode layer arranged on the upper side of the single crystal piezoelectric layer, and the upper electrode layer sandwiching the single crystal piezoelectric layer at least above the opening.
- It has a membrane portion that includes an upper electrode layer or a reinforcing layer that sandwiches the upper electrode layer or the lower electrode layer between the facing lower electrode layer and the single crystal piezoelectric layer, and is a portion that covers the opening.
- the membrane portion is provided with a through groove that penetrates in the vertical direction. The width of the through groove in the single crystal piezoelectric layer becomes narrower toward the bottom. In the single crystal piezoelectric layer and the reinforcing layer, the maximum width of the through groove in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove in the upper layer.
- the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device can be increased.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device of FIG. 1 as viewed from the direction of the arrow along line II-II. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which provided the adhesion layer on the lower surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the manufacturing method of the piezoelectric device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which provided the lower electrode layer on the lower surface of each of the adhesion layer and the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the manufacturing method of the piezoelectric device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional shape of the through groove of the membrane part in the piezoelectric device which concerns on the 3rd modification of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the piezoelectric device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which provided the reinforcing layer on the lower surface of each of the lower electrode layer and the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the manufacturing method of the piezoelectric device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which the lower surface of the reinforcing layer is flat in the manufacturing method of the piezoelectric device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a plurality of layers shown in FIG. 6 and a base portion on which additional reinforcing layers are laminated are joined in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which attached the additional reinforcing layer to the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the manufacturing method of the piezoelectric device which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which formed the opening in the manufacturing method of the piezoelectric device which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the upper surface of the lower electrode layer from the opening side in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram of the vertical cross-sectional shape of the through groove of the membrane part in the piezoelectric device which concerns on Embodiment 7 of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of the piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device of FIG. 1 as viewed from the direction of the arrow along line II-II.
- the internal configuration of the piezoelectric device is shown by a dotted line.
- the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a base portion 110 and a laminated portion 120.
- the base 110 includes one main surface 111 and the other main surface 112 located on the opposite side of one main surface 111.
- the base 110 has an opening 113 penetrating from one main surface 111 to the other main surface 112.
- the opening 113 is covered from above by a laminated portion 120 laminated on one main surface 111 side of the base 110.
- the base 110 is composed of a main body base 110a and a surface layer base 110b that covers the upper surface of the main body base 110a.
- the main body base 110a is made of Si and the surface base 110b is made of SiO 2 .
- the material constituting the main body base 110a is not limited to Si, and the material constituting the surface layer base 110b is not limited to SiO 2.
- the laminated portion 120 includes a single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, an upper electrode layer 140, a lower electrode layer 150, and a reinforcing layer 160 at least above the opening 113.
- the laminated portion 120 has a membrane portion Mb which is a portion covering the opening 113.
- the membrane portion Mb is a portion located inside the opening end of the opening 113 in the laminated portion 120 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to one of the main surfaces 111.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is located above the base 110. A part of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is located above the opening 113. Each of the upper surface and the lower surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is flat.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 has a hole 131.
- the hole 131 penetrates the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 up and down.
- the hole 131 is located above one main surface 111 of the base 110 and not above the opening 113.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is made of lithium tantalate or lithium niobate.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 composed of lithium tantalate or lithium niobate has a uniform polarization state.
- the upper electrode layer 140 is arranged above the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130. A portion of the upper electrode layer 140 is located above the opening 113. In the present embodiment, the upper electrode layer 140 is arranged above a part of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the upper electrode layer 140 is made of a metal such as Al or Pt. An adhesion layer made of Ti or the like may be arranged between the upper electrode layer 140 and the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the lower electrode layer 150 faces at least a part of the upper electrode layer 140 with the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 interposed therebetween. In the present embodiment, a part of the lower electrode layer 150 faces a part of the upper electrode layer 140 with the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 interposed therebetween. A portion of the lower electrode layer 150 is located above the opening 113.
- the other part of the lower electrode layer 150 is located below the hole 131 formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the other part of the lower electrode layer 150 is connected to the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 via the adhesion layer 155.
- the close contact layer 155 covers the hole 131 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 from below.
- the close contact layer 155 does not necessarily have to be provided. When the close contact layer 155 is not provided, the other part of the lower electrode layer 150 directly covers the hole 131 from below.
- the lower electrode layer 150 is made of a metal such as Al or Pt.
- the material of the adhesion layer 155 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material having conductivity and adhesion.
- the adhesion layer 155 is composed of, for example, Ti, Cr, Ni or NiCr.
- the reinforcing layer 160 sandwiches the upper electrode layer 140 or the lower electrode layer 150 between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 160.
- the reinforcing layer 160 is arranged below the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the reinforcing layer 160 sandwiches the lower electrode layer 150 with the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the reinforcing layer 160 is in contact with each of the lower surface of the lower electrode layer 150 and the lower surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 that is not covered by the lower electrode layer 150.
- a part of the reinforcing layer 160 is located above the opening 113.
- a part of the reinforcing layer 160 covers the opening 113.
- the reinforcing layer 160 and the base 110 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 are directly connected to each other.
- the reinforcing layer 160 and the base 110 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 may not be directly connected to each other.
- the reinforcing layer 160 and the base 110 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 may be connected to each other via a metal layer.
- the reinforcing layer 160 is made of Si 3 N 4 .
- the material of the reinforcing layer 160 is not limited to Si 3 N 4 and may be another insulating material.
- the reinforcing layer 160 may be made of an organic material having electrical insulating properties and heat insulating properties.
- the piezoelectric device 100 further includes a first lead-out wire 171 and a second lead-out wire 172.
- the first lead-out wiring 171 is laminated on the upper side of a part of the upper electrode layer 140.
- the second lead-out wiring 172 is laminated on a part of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and on the upper side of each of the close contact layer 155.
- the second lead-out wiring 172 is laminated on the upper side of the lower electrode layer 150 via the close contact layer 155 in the hole 131.
- the laminated portion 120 includes the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, the upper electrode layer 140, the lower electrode layer 150, and the reinforcing layer 160 at least above the opening 113.
- the outer shape of the opening 113 is rectangular when viewed from the direction orthogonal to one of the main surfaces 111.
- the outer shape of the opening 113 is not limited to a rectangle when viewed from a direction orthogonal to one of the main surfaces 111, and may be a polygon or a circle other than a rectangle.
- the membrane portion Mb bends and vibrates up and down according to the expansion and contraction of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower toward the bottom in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 160.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove in the upper layer.
- the reinforcing layer 160 is a layer located on the lower side
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is a layer located on the upper side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 160 is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 has an end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the reinforcing layer 160 has an end face 168 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the lower electrode layer 150 sandwiched between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 160 has an end face 158.
- the end face 138 is the upper end face
- the end face 168 is the lower end face
- the end face 158 is the intermediate end face.
- the tilt angle of the end face 138, which is the upper end face, is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 168, which is the lower end face. That is, the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the lower end of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 160 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the upper end of the end surface 168 of the reinforcing layer 160.
- the end face 158 which is an intermediate end face, is located on an extension surface of the end face 168, which is a lower end face, and is continuous with the end face 168.
- a step is formed between the end face 138, which is the upper end face, and the end face 158, which is the intermediate end face.
- the lower end of the end surface 138, which is the upper end surface, is located on the upper surface of the lower electrode layer 150. A part of the upper surface of the lower electrode layer 150 adjacent to the through groove 180 is exposed.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower from the upper end to the lower end of the through groove 180.
- the width of the through groove 180 may be gradually narrowed from the upper end to the lower end of the through groove 180. That is, a portion in which the width of the through groove 180 becomes the same from the upper end to the lower end of the through groove 180 may be included.
- the width of the through groove 180 is substantially the same from the position of the upper end to the position of the lower end of the upper electrode layer 140 in the vertical direction.
- the width of the through groove 180 may be substantially the same from the position of the upper end to the position of the lower end of the lower electrode layer 150 in the vertical direction. In this case, the inclination angle of the end face 158 of the lower electrode layer 150 is 90 °.
- the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the end on the opening 113 side. That is, the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the position of the lower end of the end surface 168 of the reinforcing layer 160 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an adhesion layer is provided on the lower surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the thickness of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 at the time of formation is thicker than the thickness of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 finally included in the piezoelectric device 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the adhesion layer 155 is provided on the lower surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a lower electrode layer is provided on the lower surfaces of each of the adhesion layer and the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the lower electrode layer 150 is provided on the entire lower surface of the adhesion layer 155 and a part of the lower surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a reinforcing layer is provided on the lower surfaces of each of the lower electrode layer and the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a reinforcing layer 160 is provided on the lower surfaces of each of the lower electrode layer 150 and the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) method or a PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) method.
- CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
- PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the lower surface of the reinforcing layer is flattened in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the lower surface of the reinforcing layer 160 is flattened by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) or the like.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a base is bonded to a plurality of layers shown in FIG. 6 in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the base portion is joined to the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the base 110 is composed of a main body base 110a and a surface layer base 110b that covers the upper surface of the main body base 110a.
- the surface layer base portion 110b is formed by thermally oxidizing the upper surface of the main body base portion 110a.
- a substrate which is a base 110 having no opening 113 is bonded to the lower surface of the reinforcing layer 160 by surface activation bonding, atomic diffusion bonding, or the like.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer is scraped in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is shaved by CMP or the like to make the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 a desired thickness.
- the release layer may be formed by implanting ions in advance on the upper surface side of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the thickness of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 can be easily adjusted by peeling the peeling layer before cutting the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by cutting or CMP.
- the thickness of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is adjusted so that the desired excitation of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 can be obtained by applying a voltage.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper electrode layer is provided on the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the upper electrode layer 140 is provided on a part of the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a hole is provided in the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 11, a hole 131 is formed by etching a part of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided in the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by etching the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a through groove 180 is formed in each of the lower electrode layer 150 and the reinforcing layer 160 by etching the lower electrode layer 150 and the reinforcing layer 160.
- an end surface 158 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the lower electrode layer 150.
- An end face 168 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the reinforcing layer 160.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an opening is formed in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- an opening 113 is formed in the base 110 by deep-drill reactive ion etching or the like from the other main surface 112 side of the base 110 to the base 110.
- the membrane portion Mb is formed in the piezoelectric device 100 according to the present embodiment.
- each of the first lead-out wiring 171 and the second lead-out wiring 172 is provided by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 160 toward the lower side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the upper layer.
- the width of the through groove 180 in the portion where the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is located can be widened, while the width of the through groove 180 in the portion where the reinforcing layer 160 is located can be narrowed.
- the stress acting on the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 when the membrane portion Mb bends and vibrates is relaxed, and the stress acting on the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is relaxed, and between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the upper electrode layer 140, and the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of delamination between the lower electrode layer 150 and the lower electrode layer 150.
- the width of the through groove 180 at the portion where the reinforcing layer 160 is located can be narrowed, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the characteristics of the piezoelectric device 100 due to the width of the through groove 180 becoming too wide.
- the piezoelectric device 100 is used as an acoustic device, it is possible to suppress a decrease in acoustic resistance due to an excessively wide width of the through groove 180.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end surface, is smaller than the inclination angle of the end surface 168 of the reinforcing layer 160, which is the lower end surface. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is composed of lithium tantalate or lithium niobate. This makes it possible to improve the piezoelectric characteristics of the piezoelectric device 100.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the first modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 168a of the reinforcing layer 160 which is the lower end surface is a single crystal piezoelectric body which is the upper end surface. It is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 138a of the layer 130.
- the end surface 158a of the lower electrode layer 150 which is an intermediate end surface, is located on an extension surface of the end surface 168a, which is a lower end surface, and is continuous with the end surface 168a. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 168a of the reinforcing layer 160.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 160 have a through groove 180 in the lower layer.
- the lower end surface in contact with the lower end surface and the upper end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the upper layer are continuous via an intermediate end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the upper electrode layer 140 or the lower electrode layer 150.
- the end face 168 of the reinforcing layer 160 which is the lower end face
- the end face 138b of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end face
- the end face 158 of the lower electrode layer 150 which is the intermediate end face.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the upper side is du
- the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the upper side is du. It is dm1 and the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the lower side is db.
- the tilt angle of the upper end face is smaller than the tilt angle of the lower end face. The relationship du> dm1> db is satisfied.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the vertical cross-sectional shape of the through groove of the membrane portion in the piezoelectric device according to the second modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 17, when the inclination angle of the upper end surface is smaller than the inclination angle of the lower end surface, the viscous resistance to the fluid F1 infiltrating into the through groove 180 from the upper side can be reduced.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 100b can be increased. Further, the stress concentration between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be alleviated, and the occurrence of delamination between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be suppressed. ..
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the third modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 168a of the reinforcing layer 160 which is the lower end surface is a single crystal piezoelectric body which is the upper end surface. It is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 138c of the layer 130. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 168a of the reinforcing layer 160.
- end surface 168a of the reinforcing layer 160 which is the lower end surface
- the end surface 138c of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end surface
- the end surface 158a of the lower electrode layer 150 which is the intermediate end surface.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the upper side is du
- the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the upper side is du. It is dm2
- the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the lower side is db.
- the tilt angle of the lower end face is smaller than the tilt angle of the upper end face. The relationship du> dm2> db is satisfied.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the vertical cross-sectional shape of the through groove of the membrane portion in the piezoelectric device according to the third modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 19, since the inclination angle of the lower end surface is smaller than the inclination angle of the upper end surface, the viscous resistance to the fluid F2 infiltrating into the through groove 180 from the lower side can be reduced.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 100c can be increased. Further, the stress concentration between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be alleviated, and the occurrence of delamination between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be suppressed. ..
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the upper layer is du, and the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is db.
- the relationship of dm1 ⁇ dm2 is satisfied. That is, by adjusting the inclination angle of the upper end surface and the inclination angle of the lower end surface, the profile of the vertical cross section of the through groove 180 can be controlled while maintaining the dimensions of both ends in the vertical direction of the through groove 180.
- the dimensions of both ends of the through groove 180 in the vertical direction have a small degree of freedom from the viewpoint of processing restrictions and suppression of foreign matter from entering the through groove 180.
- the penetration is suppressed while suppressing the intrusion of foreign matter into the through groove 180.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid in the groove 180 can be made into a desired distribution.
- the piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention because the structure of the base and the reinforcing layer is different from the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The explanation is not repeated.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the piezoelectric device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a base 110 and a laminated portion 220.
- the base 110 is composed of only the main body base 110a.
- the opening 113 of the base 110 is covered from above by the laminated portion 220 laminated on one main surface 111 side of the base 110.
- the main body base 110a is composed of SiO 2. However, the material constituting the main body base 110a is not limited to SiO 2.
- the laminated portion 220 includes a single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, an upper electrode layer 140, a lower electrode layer 150, and a reinforcing layer 260 at least above the opening 113.
- the laminated portion 220 has a membrane portion Mb which is a portion covering the opening 113.
- the membrane portion Mb is a portion located inside the opening end of the opening 113 in the laminated portion 220 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to one of the main surfaces 111.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the reinforcing layer 260 sandwiches the lower electrode layer 150 between the reinforcing layer 260 and the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130. A part of the reinforcing layer 260 is located above the opening 113. An opening 263 communicating with the opening 113 of the base 110 is formed on the lower surface of the reinforcing layer 260. The opening 263 is located above the opening 113 and has an upper bottom surface 261. The upper bottom surface 261 of the opening 263 constitutes the lower surface of the membrane portion Mb.
- the reinforcing layer 260 is composed of SiO 2.
- the material of the reinforcing layer 260 is not limited to SiO 2 , and may be an insulator.
- the reinforcing layer 260 may be made of an organic material having electrical insulating properties and heat insulating properties.
- the laminated portion 220 includes the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, the upper electrode layer 140, the lower electrode layer 150, and the reinforcing layer 260 at least above the opening 113.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower toward the bottom in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 260.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the lower side is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove in the layer located on the upper side.
- the reinforcing layer 260 is a layer located on the lower side
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is a layer located on the upper side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 260 is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 has an end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the reinforcing layer 260 has an end face 268 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the lower electrode layer 150 sandwiched between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 260 has an end face 158.
- the end face 138 is the upper end face
- the end face 268 is the lower end face
- the end face 158 is the intermediate end face.
- the tilt angle of the end face 138 which is the upper end face, is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 268, which is the lower end face. That is, the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the lower end of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 260 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the upper end of the end surface 268 of the reinforcing layer 260.
- the end face 158 which is an intermediate end face, is located on an extension surface of the end face 268, which is a lower end face, and is continuous with the end face 268.
- the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the end on the opening 113 side. That is, the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the position of the lower end of the end surface 268 of the reinforcing layer 260 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a reinforcing layer is provided on the lower surfaces of each of the lower electrode layer and the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- each of the adhesion layer 155 and the lower electrode layer 150 is provided under the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- a reinforcing layer 260 is provided on the lower surfaces of each of the lower electrode layer 150 and the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a CVD method, a PVD method, or the like.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the lower surface of the reinforcing layer is flattened in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 22, the lower surface of the reinforcing layer 260 is flattened by CMP or the like.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a base is bonded to a plurality of layers shown in FIG. 22 in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the base portion is joined to the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a substrate which is a base 110 having no opening 113 is bonded to the lower surface of the reinforcing layer 260 by surface activation bonding or atomic diffusion bonding.
- FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer is scraped in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 25, the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is shaved by CMP or the like to make the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 a desired thickness.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper electrode layer is provided on the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the upper electrode layer 140 is provided on a part of the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a hole is provided in the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 27, the pore portion 131 is formed by etching a part of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided in the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by etching the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a through groove 180 is formed in each of the lower electrode layer 150 and the reinforcing layer 260 by etching the lower electrode layer 150 and the reinforcing layer 260.
- an end surface 158 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the lower electrode layer 150.
- An end face 268 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the reinforcing layer 260.
- FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an opening is formed in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- an opening 113 is formed in the base 110 and an opening 263 is formed in the reinforcing layer 260 by performing deep-drill reactive ion etching or the like from the other main surface 112 side of the base 110.
- the membrane portion Mb is formed in the piezoelectric device 200 according to the present embodiment.
- each of the first lead-out wiring 171 and the second lead-out wiring 172 is provided by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- the piezoelectric device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 20 is manufactured.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 260 toward the lower side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the upper layer.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end surface, is smaller than the inclination angle of the end surface 168 of the reinforcing layer 260, which is the lower end surface. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the first modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 268a of the reinforcing layer 260 which is the lower end surface is a single crystal piezoelectric body which is the upper end surface. It is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 138a of the layer 130.
- the end surface 158a of the lower electrode layer 150 which is an intermediate end surface, is located on an extension surface of the end surface 268a, which is a lower end surface, and is continuous with the end surface 268a. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 268a of the reinforcing layer 260.
- FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the second modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 260 have a through groove 180 in the lower layer.
- the lower end surface in contact with the lower end surface and the upper end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the upper layer are continuous via an intermediate end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the upper electrode layer 140 or the lower electrode layer 150.
- the end face 268 of the reinforcing layer 260 which is the lower end face
- the end face 138b of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end face
- the end face 158 of the lower electrode layer 150 which is the intermediate end face.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 200b can be increased. Further, the stress concentration between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be alleviated, and the occurrence of delamination between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be suppressed. ..
- FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the third modification of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 268a of the reinforcing layer 260 which is the lower end surface is a single crystal piezoelectric material which is the upper end surface. It is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 138c of the layer 130. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 268a of the reinforcing layer 260.
- end surface 268a of the reinforcing layer 260 which is the lower end surface and the end surface 138c of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end surface are continuous via the end surface 158a of the lower electrode layer 150 which is the intermediate end surface.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 200c can be increased. Further, the stress concentration between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be alleviated, and the occurrence of delamination between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be suppressed. ..
- the piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention is the same as the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention because it is different from the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention in that it includes a plurality of reinforcing layers. The description of the configuration will not be repeated.
- FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 34, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. As shown in FIG. 34, the piezoelectric device 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a base 110 and a laminated portion 320.
- the laminated portion 320 includes a single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, an upper electrode layer 140, a lower electrode layer 150, a reinforcing layer 160, and an additional reinforcing layer 390 at least above the opening 113.
- the reinforcing layer is composed of two layers, a reinforcing layer 160 and an additional reinforcing layer 390.
- the laminated portion 320 has a membrane portion Mb which is a portion covering the opening 113.
- the membrane portion Mb is a portion located inside the opening end of the opening 113 in the laminated portion 320 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to one of the main surfaces 111.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 is laminated so as to cover the reinforcing layer 160 from below.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 is provided so as to be in contact with the lower surface of the reinforcing layer 160.
- a part of the lower surface of the additional reinforcing layer 390 is in contact with one main surface 111 of the base 110.
- a part of the additional reinforcing layer 390 is located above the opening 113.
- a part of the additional reinforcing layer 390 covers the opening 113.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 and the base 110 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 are directly connected to each other.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 and the base 110 may not be directly connected to each other.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 and the base 110 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 may be connected to each other via a metal layer.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 is made of Si.
- the base 110 and the additional reinforcing layer 390 are SOI (Silicon on Insulator) substrates.
- the material of the additional reinforcing layer 390 is not limited to Si, and may be an insulator.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 may be made of an organic material having electrical insulating properties and heat insulating properties.
- the laminated portion 320 includes the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, the upper electrode layer 140, the lower electrode layer 150, the reinforcing layer 160, and the additional reinforcing layer 390 at least above the opening 113. There is.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower toward the bottom in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the lower side is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove in the layer located on the upper side.
- the reinforcing layer is a layer located on the lower side
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is a layer located on the upper side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 has an end face 398 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the end face 138 is the upper end face
- the end face 168 and the end face 398 are each the lower end face
- the end face 158 is the intermediate end face.
- the tilt angle of the end face 138 which is the upper end face, is smaller than the tilt angle of each of the end face 168 and the end face 398, which are the lower end faces.
- the inclination angle decreases in the order of end face 398, end face 168, and end face 138.
- the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the lower end of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the upper end of the end surface 168 of the reinforcing layer 160.
- the tilt angle of the end face 168 of the reinforcing layer 160 is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 398 of the additional reinforcing layer 390.
- a step is formed between the end face 168 of the reinforcing layer 160 and the end face 398 of the additional reinforcing layer 390.
- the lower end of the end face 168 of the reinforcing layer 160 is located on the upper surface of the additional reinforcing layer 390. A part of the upper surface of the additional reinforcing layer 390 adjacent to the through groove 180 is exposed.
- the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the end on the opening 113 side. That is, the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the position of the lower end of the end surface 398 of the additional reinforcing layer 390 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the plurality of layers shown in FIG. 6 and the base on which the additional reinforcing layer is laminated are joined in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an additional reinforcing layer is joined to the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- each of the adhesion layer 155 and the lower electrode layer 150 is provided under the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130. Further, a reinforcing layer 160 is provided on the lower surfaces of each of the lower electrode layer 150 and the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 to flatten the lower surface of the reinforcing layer 160.
- the additional reinforcing layer 390 is bonded to one main surface 111 of the base 110 by surface activation bonding or atomic diffusion bonding.
- the substrate which is the base 110 to which the additional reinforcing layer 390 is bonded is bonded to the lower surface of the reinforcing layer 160 by surface activation bonding or atomic diffusion bonding.
- FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer is scraped in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is shaved by CMP or the like to make the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 a desired thickness.
- FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper electrode layer is provided on the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the upper electrode layer 140 is provided on a part of the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a hole is provided in the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the pore portion 131 is formed by etching a part of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided in the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by etching the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the lower electrode layer 150 and the reinforcing layer 160 are etched to form a through groove 180 in each of the lower electrode layer 150 and the reinforcing layer 160.
- an end surface 158 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the lower electrode layer 150.
- An end face 168 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the reinforcing layer 160.
- FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the lower surface of the additional reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the through groove 180 is formed in the additional reinforcing layer 390 by etching the additional reinforcing layer 390.
- the end face 398 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the additional reinforcing layer 390.
- FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an opening is formed in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- an opening 113 is formed in the base 110 by performing deep-drill reactive ion etching or the like from the other main surface 112 side of the base 110.
- the membrane portion Mb is formed in the piezoelectric device 300 according to the present embodiment.
- each of the first lead-out wiring 171 and the second lead-out wiring 172 is provided by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer toward the lower side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the upper layer.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 300 can be increased.
- the inclination angle of the end face 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end face is the end face 168 of the reinforcement layer 160 which is the lower end face and the end face 398 of the additional reinforcement layer 390, respectively. Is smaller than the tilt angle of. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 44 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the first modification of the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 44, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. 34. As shown in FIG. 44, in the piezoelectric device 300a according to the first modification of the third embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angles of the end face 168a of the reinforcing layer 160 and the end face 398a of the additional reinforcing layer 390, which are the lower end faces, are respectively.
- the end surface 158a of the lower electrode layer 150 which is an intermediate end surface, is located on an extension surface of the end surface 168a, which is a lower end surface, and is continuous with the end surface 168a.
- FIG. 45 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the second modification of the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 45, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. 34.
- the inclination angle of the end face 138b of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end face is the reinforcement which is the lower end face. It is smaller than the respective inclination angles of the end face 168b of the layer 160 and the end face 398 of the additional reinforcing layer 390. The inclination angle decreases in the order of end face 398, end face 168b, and end face 138b.
- the lower end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the lower layer and the upper end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the upper layer are the upper electrode layer 140 or It is continuous through an intermediate end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the lower electrode layer 150.
- the end face 168b of the reinforcing layer 160 which is the lower end face
- the end face 138b of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end face
- the end face 158b of the lower electrode layer 150 which is the intermediate end face.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 300b can be increased. Further, the stress concentration between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be alleviated, and the occurrence of delamination between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be suppressed. ..
- FIG. 46 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the third modification of the third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 46, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. 34. As shown in FIG. 46, in the piezoelectric device 300c according to the third modification of the third embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angles of the end face 168c of the reinforcing layer 160 and the end face 398a of the additional reinforcing layer 390, which are the lower end faces, are respectively. Is smaller than the inclination angle of the end face 138c of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end face.
- the inclination angle decreases in the order of the end face 138c, the end face 168c, and the end face 398a. As a result, the viscous resistance at each of the end face 168c of the reinforcing layer 160 and the end face 398a of the additional reinforcing layer 390 can be effectively reduced.
- end face 168c of the reinforcing layer 160 which is the lower end face and the end face 138c of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the upper end face are continuous via the end face 158c of the lower electrode layer 150 which is an intermediate end face.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 300c can be increased. Further, the stress concentration between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be alleviated, and the occurrence of delamination between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 can be suppressed. ..
- the piezoelectric device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention because the configuration of the base and the reinforcing layer is mainly different from the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The description of the configuration is not repeated.
- FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 47, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. As shown in FIG. 47, the piezoelectric device 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a base 110 and a laminated portion 420.
- the base 110 is composed of only the main body base 110a.
- the opening 113 of the base 110 is covered from above by the laminated portion 420 laminated on one main surface 111 side of the base 110.
- the laminated portion 420 includes a single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, an upper electrode layer 140, a lower electrode layer 150, and a reinforcing layer 460 at least above the opening 113.
- the laminated portion 420 further includes an intermediate layer 490.
- the laminated portion 420 has a membrane portion Mb which is a portion covering the opening 113.
- the membrane portion Mb is a portion located inside the opening end of the opening 113 in the laminated portion 420 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to one of the main surfaces 111.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the reinforcing layer 460 sandwiches the upper electrode layer 140 between the reinforcing layer 460 and the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130. A part of the reinforcing layer 460 is located above the opening 113.
- the reinforcing layer 460 is composed of Si 3 N 4.
- the material of the reinforcing layer 460 is not limited to Si 3 N 4 , and may be another insulating material.
- the reinforcing layer 460 may be made of an organic material having electrical insulating properties and heat insulating properties.
- the reinforcing layer 460 can function as the upper electrode layer without providing the upper electrode layer 140.
- the laminated portion 420 includes the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, the upper electrode layer 140, the lower electrode layer 150, and the reinforcing layer 460 at least above the opening 113.
- the intermediate layer 490 sandwiches the lower electrode layer 150 with the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- An opening 493 communicating with the opening 113 of the base 110 is formed on the lower surface of the intermediate layer 490.
- the opening 493 is located above the opening 113.
- a part of the lower surface of the lower electrode layer 150 is exposed by the opening 493.
- a part of the lower surface of the lower electrode layer 150 exposed by the opening 493 constitutes the lower surface of the membrane portion Mb.
- the intermediate layer 490 is composed of SiO 2.
- the material of the intermediate layer 490 is not limited to SiO 2 , and may be an insulator.
- the intermediate layer 490 may be made of an organic material having electrical insulating properties and heat insulating properties.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower toward the bottom in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 460.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the lower side is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove in the layer located on the upper side.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is a layer located on the lower side
- the reinforcing layer 460 is a layer located on the upper side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 460.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 has an end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the reinforcing layer 460 has an end face 468 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the upper electrode layer 140 sandwiched between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 460 has an end face 148.
- the end face 468 is the upper end face
- the end face 138 is the lower end face
- the end face 148 is the intermediate end face.
- the tilt angle of the end face 468, which is the upper end face is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 138, which is the lower end face. That is, the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the lower end of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 460 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the upper end of the end surface 468 of the reinforcing layer 460.
- the end face 148, which is an intermediate end face is located on an extension surface of the end face 468, which is an upper end face, and is continuous with the end face 468.
- the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the end on the opening 113 side. That is, the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the position of the lower end of the end surface 158 of the lower electrode layer 150 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a reinforcing layer is provided on the upper surface of each of the upper electrode layer and the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- an intermediate layer 490 is used instead of the reinforcing layer 260 until the step shown in FIG. 26 in the method for manufacturing the piezoelectric device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Except for the formation, the method is the same as the method for manufacturing the piezoelectric device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a reinforcing layer 460 is provided on the upper surface of each of the upper electrode layer 140 and the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a CVD method, a PVD method, or the like.
- FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the upper surface of the reinforcing layer is flattened in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 49, the upper surface of the reinforcing layer 460 is flattened by CMP or the like.
- FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which holes are provided in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer and the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- a hole 131 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by etching a part of each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 460, and the hole 461 and the hole 461 and the reinforcing layer 460 are formed in the reinforcing layer 460.
- Each of the holes 462 is formed.
- FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided in each of the reinforcing layer and the upper electrode layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- a through groove 180 is formed in each of the reinforcing layer 460 and the upper electrode layer 140 by etching the reinforcing layer 460 and the upper electrode layer 140.
- the reinforcing layer 460 is formed with an end face 468 in contact with the through groove 180.
- An end face 148 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the upper electrode layer 140.
- FIG. 52 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the lower surface of the lower electrode layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- a through groove 180 is formed in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 by etching the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150.
- the end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- An end face 158 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the lower electrode layer 150.
- FIG. 53 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an opening is formed in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- an opening 113 is formed in the base 110 and an opening 493 is formed in the intermediate layer 490 by performing deep-drill reactive ion etching or the like from the other main surface 112 side of the base 110.
- the membrane portion Mb is formed in the piezoelectric device 400 according to the present embodiment.
- each of the first lead-out wiring 171 and the second lead-out wiring 172 is provided by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 460 toward the lower side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the upper layer.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 468 of the reinforcing layer 460 which is the upper end surface, is smaller than the inclination angle of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, which is the lower end surface. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 468 of the reinforcing layer 460.
- FIG. 54 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the first modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 54, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. 47.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 138a of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the lower end surface is the reinforcement which is the upper end surface. It is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 468a of the layer 460.
- the end surface 148a of the upper electrode layer 140, which is an intermediate end surface, is located on an extension surface of the end surface 468a, which is an upper end surface, and is continuous with the end surface 468a.
- the end surface 158a of the lower electrode layer 150 is located on an extension surface of the end surface 138a, which is the lower end surface, and is continuous with the end surface 138a. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 138a of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 55 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the second modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 55, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. 47.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 460 have a through groove 180 in the lower layer.
- the lower end surface in contact with the lower end surface and the upper end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the upper layer are continuous via an intermediate end surface in contact with the through groove 180 in the upper electrode layer 140 or the lower electrode layer 150.
- the end face 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the lower end face
- the end face 468b of the reinforcing layer 460 which is the upper end face
- the end face 148b of the upper electrode layer 140 which is the intermediate end face.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 400b can be increased.
- the stress concentration between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the upper electrode layer 140 can be alleviated, and the occurrence of delamination between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the upper electrode layer 140 can be suppressed. ..
- FIG. 56 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the piezoelectric device according to the third modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 56, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. 47.
- the inclination angle of the end face 138c of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the lower end face is the reinforcement which is the upper end face. It is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 468c of the layer 460. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 138c of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- end face 138c of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 which is the lower end face and the end face 468c of the reinforcing layer 460 which is the upper end face are continuous via the end face 148c of the upper electrode layer 140 which is an intermediate end face.
- the end surface 158c of the lower electrode layer 150 is located on an extension surface of the end surface 138c, which is the lower end surface, and is continuous with the end surface 138c.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 400c can be increased. Further, the stress concentration between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the upper electrode layer 140 can be alleviated, and the occurrence of delamination between the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the upper electrode layer 140 can be suppressed. ..
- the piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is different from the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention in that the reinforcing layer also serves as the lower electrode layer. Therefore, the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The description is not repeated for the configuration similar to the above.
- FIG. 57 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the piezoelectric device 500 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention includes a base portion 110 and a laminated portion 520.
- the laminated portion 520 includes a single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, an upper electrode layer 140, and a reinforcing layer 560 at least above the opening 113.
- the laminated portion 520 has a membrane portion Mb which is a portion covering the opening 113.
- the membrane portion Mb is a portion located inside the opening end of the opening 113 in the laminated portion 520 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to one of the main surfaces 111.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the upper electrode layer 140 is arranged adjacent to the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the upper electrode layer 140 is arranged above the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the reinforcing layer 560 faces at least a part of the upper electrode layer 140 with the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 interposed therebetween.
- the reinforcing layer 560 is adjacent to the lower surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- a part of the reinforcing layer 560 is located above the opening 113.
- a part of the reinforcing layer 560 covers the opening 113.
- the reinforcing layer 560 and the base 110 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 are directly connected to each other.
- the reinforcing layer 560 and the base 110 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 may not be directly connected to each other.
- the reinforcing layer 560 and the base 110 of the portion that does not cover the opening 113 may be connected to each other via a metal layer.
- the reinforcing layer 560 is made of Si.
- the base 110 and the reinforcing layer 560 are SOI substrates.
- the material of the reinforcing layer 560 is not limited to Si, and may be any material having conductivity.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower toward the bottom in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 560.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove in the upper layer.
- the reinforcing layer 560 is a layer located on the lower side
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is a layer located on the upper side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 560 is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the reinforcing layer 560 has an end face 568 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the end face 138 is the upper end face and the end face 568 is the lower end face.
- the tilt angle of the end face 138, which is the upper end face is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 568, which is the lower end face.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 568, which is the lower end surface may be smaller than the inclination angle of the end surface 138, which is the upper end surface.
- the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the lower end of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 560 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the upper end of the end surface 568 of the reinforcing layer 560. As shown in FIG. 57, the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower from the upper end to the lower end of the through groove 180.
- the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the end on the opening 113 side. That is, the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the position of the lower end of the end surface 568 of the reinforcing layer 560 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a single crystal piezoelectric layer is bonded to an SOI substrate in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the SOI substrate is bonded to the lower surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by surface activation bonding, atomic diffusion bonding, or the like.
- FIG. 59 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer is scraped in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is shaved by CMP or the like to make the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 a desired thickness.
- the release layer may be formed by implanting ions in advance on the upper surface side of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the thickness of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 can be easily adjusted by peeling the peeling layer before cutting the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by cutting or CMP.
- the thickness of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is adjusted so that the desired excitation of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 can be obtained by applying a voltage.
- FIG. 60 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an upper electrode layer is provided on the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the upper electrode layer 140 is provided on a part of the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- FIG. 61 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a hole is provided in the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 61, the pore portion 131 is formed by etching a part of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 62 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided in the single crystal piezoelectric layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by etching the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- FIG. 63 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the lower surface of the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- a through groove 180 is formed in the reinforcing layer 560 by etching the reinforcing layer 560.
- the reinforcing layer 560 is formed with an end surface 568 in contact with the through groove 180.
- FIG. 64 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an opening is formed in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- an opening 113 is formed in the base 110 by deep-drill reactive ion etching or the like from the other main surface 112 side of the base 110 to the base 110.
- the membrane portion Mb is formed in the piezoelectric device 500 according to the present embodiment.
- each of the first lead-out wiring 171 and the second lead-out wiring 172 is provided by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- the piezoelectric device 500 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 57 is manufactured.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 560 toward the lower side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the upper layer.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is smaller than the inclination angle of the end surface 168 of the reinforcing layer 560, which is the lower end surface. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130. Further, by making the reinforcing layer 560 function as the lower electrode layer, the configuration of the piezoelectric device 500 can be simplified.
- the piezoelectric device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention is different from the piezoelectric device 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention in that the reinforcing layer also serves as the upper electrode layer. Therefore, the piezoelectric device 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The description is not repeated for the configuration similar to the above.
- FIG. 65 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 65, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. As shown in FIG. 65, the piezoelectric device 600 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention includes a base 110 and a laminated portion 620.
- the base 110 is composed of only the main body base 110a.
- the opening 113 of the base 110 is covered from above by the laminated portion 620 laminated on one main surface 111 side of the base 110.
- the laminated portion 620 includes a single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, a lower electrode layer 150, and a reinforcing layer 660 at least above the opening 113.
- the laminated portion 620 further includes an intermediate layer 490.
- the laminated portion 620 has a membrane portion Mb which is a portion covering the opening 113.
- the membrane portion Mb is a portion located inside the opening end of the opening 113 in the laminated portion 620 when viewed from a direction orthogonal to one of the main surfaces 111.
- the membrane portion Mb is provided with a through groove 180 that penetrates the membrane portion Mb in the vertical direction.
- the lower electrode layer 150 is arranged adjacent to the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the lower electrode layer 150 is arranged below the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the reinforcing layer 660 faces at least a part of the lower electrode layer 150 with the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 interposed therebetween.
- the reinforcing layer 660 is adjacent to the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- a part of the reinforcing layer 660 is located above the opening 113.
- a part of the reinforcing layer 660 covers the opening 113.
- the reinforcing layer 660 is made of Si.
- the material of the reinforcing layer 660 is not limited to Si, and may be any material having conductivity.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower toward the bottom in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 660.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove in the upper layer.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is a layer located on the lower side
- the reinforcing layer 660 is a layer located on the upper side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 660.
- the reinforcing layer 660 has an end face 668 in contact with the through groove 180.
- the end face 668 is the upper end face and the end face 138 is the lower end face.
- the tilt angle of the end face 668, which is the upper end face is smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 138, which is the lower end face.
- the tilt angle of the end face 138, which is the lower end face may be smaller than the tilt angle of the end face 668, which is the upper end face.
- the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the lower end of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 660 is the width of the through groove 180 at the position of the upper end of the end surface 668 of the reinforcing layer 660. As shown in FIG. 65, the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower from the upper end to the lower end of the through groove 180.
- the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the end on the opening 113 side. That is, the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the position of the lower end of the end surface 158 of the lower electrode layer 150 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 66 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a reinforcing layer is provided on the upper surface of each of the single crystal piezoelectric layers in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- an intermediate layer 490 is used instead of the reinforcing layer 260 until the step shown in FIG. 25 in the method for manufacturing the piezoelectric device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Except for the formation, the method is the same as the method for manufacturing the piezoelectric device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- a reinforcing layer 660 is provided on the upper surface of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by a CVD method, a PVD method, or the like.
- FIG. 67 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which holes are provided in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer and the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- a hole 131 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 by etching a part of each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 660, and the hole 661 is formed in the reinforcing layer 660.
- FIG. 68 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided in the reinforcing layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- a through groove 180 is formed in the reinforcing layer 660 by etching the reinforcing layer 660.
- the reinforcing layer 660 is formed with an end surface 668 in contact with the through groove 180.
- FIG. 69 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the lower surface of the lower electrode layer in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150 are etched to form a through groove 180 in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the lower electrode layer 150.
- the end face 138 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- An end face 158 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the lower electrode layer 150.
- FIG. 70 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an opening is formed in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- an opening 113 is formed in the base 110 and an opening 493 is formed in the intermediate layer 490 by performing deep-drill reactive ion etching or the like from the other main surface 112 side of the base 110.
- the membrane portion Mb is formed in the piezoelectric device 600 according to the present embodiment.
- each of the first lead-out wiring 171 and the second lead-out wiring 172 is provided by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- the width of the through groove 180 becomes narrower in each of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 and the reinforcing layer 660 toward the lower side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the upper layer.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 600 can be increased.
- the inclination angle of the end surface 668 of the reinforcing layer 660 which is the upper end surface, is smaller than the inclination angle of the end surface 138 of the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130, which is the lower end surface. This makes it possible to effectively reduce the viscous resistance of the end face 668 of the reinforcing layer 660. Further, by making the reinforcing layer 660 function as the upper electrode layer, the configuration of the piezoelectric device 600 can be simplified.
- the piezoelectric device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is different from the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention in that the width of the through groove in the reinforcing layer becomes wider as it goes downward.
- the description of the configuration similar to that of the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment will not be repeated.
- FIG. 71 is a cross-sectional view of the piezoelectric device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 71, it is shown in the same cross-sectional view as in FIG. As shown in FIG. 71, the piezoelectric device 700 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention includes a base 110 and a laminated portion 120.
- the width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 becomes narrower toward the bottom.
- the width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 160 becomes wider toward the bottom.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the lower layer is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove in the upper layer.
- the reinforcing layer 160 is a layer located on the lower side
- the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130 is a layer located on the upper side.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the reinforcing layer 160 is smaller than the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the single crystal piezoelectric layer 130.
- the through groove 180 is the narrowest in the lower electrode layer 150. Specifically, the through groove 180 is the narrowest at the position of the upper end of the end surface 158 of the lower electrode layer 150 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 72 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an opening is formed in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is the piezoelectric device according to the first embodiment of the present invention up to the step shown in FIG. 12 in the method for manufacturing the piezoelectric device 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is the same as the manufacturing method of 100.
- an opening 113 is formed in the base 110 by deep-drill reactive ion etching or the like from the other main surface 112 side of the base 110 to the base 110.
- the membrane portion Mb is formed in the piezoelectric device 700 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 73 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a through groove is provided so as to reach the upper surface of the lower electrode layer from the opening side in the method for manufacturing a piezoelectric device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the lower electrode layer 150 and the reinforcing layer 160 are etched from the opening 113 side to form a through groove 180 in each of the lower electrode layer 150 and the reinforcing layer 160.
- an end surface 158 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the lower electrode layer 150.
- An end face 168 in contact with the through groove 180 is formed in the reinforcing layer 160.
- the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the upper side is du
- the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the upper side is du. It is dm3, and the maximum width of the through groove 180 in the layer located on the lower side is db.
- the relationship du> dm3> db is satisfied.
- the minimum width of the through groove 180 in the lower electrode layer 150 is dm4.
- the relationship of db> dm4 is satisfied.
- each of the first lead-out wiring 171 and the second lead-out wiring 172 is provided by a lift-off method, a plating method, an etching method, or the like.
- the piezoelectric device 700 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 73 is manufactured.
- FIG. 74 is a schematic view of the vertical cross-sectional shape of the through groove of the membrane portion in the piezoelectric device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 74, when the relationship of du> dm3> db> dm4 is satisfied, the viscous resistance to the fluid F1 that penetrates into the through groove 180 from the upper side and the fluid that penetrates into the through groove 180 from the lower side. The viscous resistance to F2 can be reduced.
- the viscous resistance with the fluid passing through the through groove 180 when the membrane portion Mb vibrates up and down can be effectively reduced, and the excitation efficiency of the piezoelectric device 700 can be increased.
- Piezoelectric device 110 base, 110a body base, 110b surface layer base , 111 One main surface, 112 The other main surface, 113,263,493 openings, 120,220,320,420,520,620 laminated parts, 130 single crystal piezoelectric layer, 131,461,462,661 holes 138, 138a, 138b, 138c, 148, 148a, 148b, 148c, 158, 158a, 158b, 158c, 168, 168a, 168b, 168c, 268, 268a, 398, 398a, 468, 468a, 468b, 468c, 568,668 end face, 140 upper electrode layer, 150 lower electrode layer, 155 adhesion layer, 160, 260, 460, 560, 660 reinforcement
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイスの平面図である。図2は、図1の圧電デバイスをII-II線矢印方向から見た断面図である。図1においては、圧電デバイスの内部の構成を点線で示している。図1および図2に示すように、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100は、基部110と、積層部120とを備えている。
図3は、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法において、単結晶圧電体層の下面に密着層を設けた状態を示す断面図である。形成時の単結晶圧電体層130の厚みは、本実施形態に係る圧電デバイス100に最終的に含まれる単結晶圧電体層130の厚みより厚い。
図15は、本発明の実施形態1の第1変形例に係る圧電デバイスの構成を示す断面図である。図15においては、図2と同一の断面視にて図示している。図15に示すように、本発明の実施形態1の第1変形例に係る圧電デバイス100aにおいては、下側端面である補強層160の端面168aの傾斜角度は、上側端面である単結晶圧電体層130の端面138aの傾斜角度より小さい。中間端面である下部電極層150の端面158aは、下側端面である端面168aの延長面上に位置しており、端面168aと連続している。これにより、補強層160の端面168aにおける粘性抵抗を効果的に低下させることができる。
以下、本発明の実施形態2に係る圧電デバイスについて図を参照して説明する。本発明の実施形態2に係る圧電デバイスは、基部および補強層の構成が本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と異なるため、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と同様である構成については説明を繰り返さない。
図21は、本発明の実施形態2に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法において、下部電極層および単結晶圧電体層の各々の下面に補強層を設けた状態を示す断面図である。まず、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100の製造方法と同様にして、単結晶圧電体層130の下側に密着層155および下部電極層150の各々を設ける。次に、図21に示すように、CVD法またはPVD法などにより、下部電極層150および単結晶圧電体層130の各々の下面に、補強層260を設ける。
図31は、本発明の実施形態2の第1変形例に係る圧電デバイスの構成を示す断面図である。図31においては、図20と同一の断面視にて図示している。図31に示すように、本発明の実施形態2の第1変形例に係る圧電デバイス200aにおいては、下側端面である補強層260の端面268aの傾斜角度は、上側端面である単結晶圧電体層130の端面138aの傾斜角度より小さい。中間端面である下部電極層150の端面158aは、下側端面である端面268aの延長面上に位置しており、端面268aと連続している。これにより、補強層260の端面268aにおける粘性抵抗を効果的に低下させることができる。
以下、本発明の実施形態3に係る圧電デバイスについて図を参照して説明する。本発明の実施形態3に係る圧電デバイスは、複数の補強層を備える点が本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と異なるため、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と同様である構成については説明を繰り返さない。
図35は、本発明の実施形態3に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法において、図6に示す複数の層と追加補強層が積層された基部とを接合させる状態を示す断面図である。図36は、本発明の実施形態3に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法において、補強層の下面に追加補強層を接合させた状態を示す断面図である。
図44は、本発明の実施形態3の第1変形例に係る圧電デバイスの構成を示す断面図である。図44においては、図34と同一の断面視にて図示している。図44に示すように、本発明の実施形態3の第1変形例に係る圧電デバイス300aにおいては、下側端面である補強層160の端面168aおよび追加補強層390の端面398aの各々の傾斜角度は、上側端面である単結晶圧電体層130の端面138aの傾斜角度より小さい。傾斜角度は、端面138a、端面168a、端面398aの順に小さくなっている。中間端面である下部電極層150の端面158aは、下側端面である端面168aの延長面上に位置しており、端面168aと連続している。これにより、補強層160の端面168aおよび追加補強層390の端面398aの各々における粘性抵抗を効果的に低下させることができる。
以下、本発明の実施形態4に係る圧電デバイスについて図を参照して説明する。本発明の実施形態4に係る圧電デバイスは、基部および補強層の構成が主に、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と異なるため、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と同様である構成については説明を繰り返さない。
図48は、本発明の実施形態4に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法において、上部電極層および単結晶圧電体層の各々の上面に補強層を設けた状態を示す断面図である。まず、本発明の実施形態4に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法は、本発明の実施形態2に係る圧電デバイス200の製造方法における図26に示す工程までは、補強層260の代わりに中間層490を形成する以外は本発明の実施形態2に係る圧電デバイス200の製造方法と同様である。
図54は、本発明の実施形態4の第1変形例に係る圧電デバイスの構成を示す断面図である。図54においては、図47と同一の断面視にて図示している。
以下、本発明の実施形態5に係る圧電デバイスについて図を参照して説明する。本発明の実施形態5に係る圧電デバイスは、補強層が下部電極層を兼ねている点が本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と異なるため、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と同様である構成については説明を繰り返さない。
以下、本発明の実施形態6に係る圧電デバイスについて図を参照して説明する。本発明の実施形態6に係る圧電デバイスは、補強層が上部電極層を兼ねている点が本発明の実施形態4に係る圧電デバイス400と異なるため、本発明の実施形態4に係る圧電デバイス400と同様である構成については説明を繰り返さない。
図66は、本発明の実施形態6に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法において、単結晶圧電体層の各々の上面に補強層を設けた状態を示す断面図である。まず、本発明の実施形態6に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法は、本発明の実施形態2に係る圧電デバイス200の製造方法における図25に示す工程までは、補強層260の代わりに中間層490を形成する以外は本発明の実施形態2に係る圧電デバイス200の製造方法と同様である。
以下、本発明の実施形態7に係る圧電デバイスについて図を参照して説明する。本発明の実施形態7に係る圧電デバイスは、補強層における貫通溝の幅が下方に行くにしたがって広くなっている点が本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と異なるため、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100と同様である構成については説明を繰り返さない。
図72は、本発明の実施形態7に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法において、開口部を形成した状態を示す断面図である。まず、本発明の実施形態7に係る圧電デバイスの製造方法は、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100の製造方法における図12に示す工程までは、本発明の実施形態1に係る圧電デバイス100の製造方法と同様である。
Claims (9)
- 一方の主面と、該一方の主面とは反対側に位置する他方の主面とを含み、かつ、前記一方の主面から前記他方の主面まで貫通した開口部を有する基部と、
前記基部の前記一方の主面側に積層され、前記開口部を上方から覆う積層部とを備え、
前記積層部は、少なくとも前記開口部の上方において、単結晶圧電体層と、該単結晶圧電体層の上側に配置された上部電極層と、前記単結晶圧電体層を挟んで前記上部電極層の少なくとも一部に対向する下部電極層と、前記単結晶圧電体層との間に前記上部電極層または前記下部電極層を挟む補強層とを含み、かつ、前記開口部を覆っている部分であるメンブレン部を有し、
前記メンブレン部には、上下方向に貫通する貫通溝が設けられており、
前記単結晶圧電体層における前記貫通溝の幅は、下方に行くにしたがって狭くなっており、
前記単結晶圧電体層と前記補強層とにおいて、下側に位置する層における前記貫通溝の最大幅は、上側に位置する層における前記貫通溝の最小幅より小さい、圧電デバイス。 - 前記補強層における前記貫通溝の幅は、下方に行くにしたがって狭くなっている、請求項1に記載の圧電デバイス。
- 前記単結晶圧電体層と前記補強層とにおいて、前記下側に位置する層における前記貫通溝と接する下側端面と、前記上側に位置する層における前記貫通溝と接する上側端面とは、前記上部電極層または前記下部電極層における前記貫通溝と接する中間端面を介して連続している、請求項1または請求項2に記載の圧電デバイス。
- 前記下側端面の傾斜角度は、前記上側端面の傾斜角度より小さい、請求項3に記載の圧電デバイス。
- 前記上側端面の傾斜角度は、前記下側端面の傾斜角度より小さい、請求項3に記載の圧電デバイス。
- 前記単結晶圧電体層は、タンタル酸リチウムまたはニオブ酸リチウムで構成されている、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の圧電デバイス。
- 一方の主面と、該一方の主面とは反対側に位置する他方の主面とを含み、かつ、前記一方の主面から前記他方の主面まで貫通した開口部を有する基部と、
前記基部の前記一方の主面側に積層され、前記開口部を上方から覆う積層部とを備え、
前記積層部は、少なくとも前記開口部の上方において、単結晶圧電体層と、該単結晶圧電体層に隣接配置された電極層と、前記単結晶圧電体層を挟んで前記電極層の少なくとも一部に対向し、導電性を有する補強層とを含み、かつ、前記開口部を覆っている部分であるメンブレン部を有し、
前記メンブレン部には、上下方向に貫通する貫通溝が設けられており、
前記貫通溝の幅は、前記単結晶圧電体層および前記補強層の各々において、下方に行くにしたがって狭くなっており、
前記単結晶圧電体層と前記補強層とにおいて、下側に位置する層における前記貫通溝の最大幅は、上側に位置する層における前記貫通溝の最小幅より小さい、圧電デバイス。 - 前記単結晶圧電体層と前記補強層とにおいて、前記下側に位置する層における前記貫通溝と接する下側端面の傾斜角度は、前記上側に位置する層における前記貫通溝と接する上側端面の傾斜角度より小さい、請求項7に記載の圧電デバイス。
- 前記単結晶圧電体層と前記補強層とにおいて、前記上側に位置する層における前記貫通溝と接する上側端面の傾斜角度は、前記下側に位置する層における前記貫通溝と接する下側端面の傾斜角度より小さい、請求項7に記載の圧電デバイス。
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| DE112021003142.2T DE112021003142T5 (de) | 2020-06-04 | 2021-06-02 | Piezoelektrisches Bauelement |
| CN202180038394.8A CN115668769B (zh) | 2020-06-04 | 2021-06-02 | 压电器件 |
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| WO2008032543A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-25 | 2008-03-20 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Résonateur piézoélectrique à couche mince et son procédé de fabrication |
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| JP5079813B2 (ja) * | 2007-08-30 | 2012-11-21 | 京セラ株式会社 | 電子部品 |
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| JP2023099515A (ja) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-07-13 | 杭州星▲闔▼科技有限公司 | 補強構造を有する音響共振器及びその製造方法 |
| EP4280460A1 (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2023-11-22 | Hangzhou Xinghe Technology Co., Ltd. | Acoustic resonator with reinforcing structure and manufacturing method therefor |
| JP7399434B2 (ja) | 2021-12-31 | 2023-12-18 | 杭州星▲闔▼科技有限公司 | 補強構造を有する音響共振器及びその製造方法 |
| US11973484B2 (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2024-04-30 | Hangzhou Xinghe Technology Co., Ltd. | Acoustic resonator with reinforcing structure and manufacturing method therefor |
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| CN115668769A (zh) | 2023-01-31 |
| CN115668769B (zh) | 2025-11-04 |
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| DE112021003142T5 (de) | 2023-03-23 |
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