WO2021244150A1 - 膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组 - Google Patents

膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组 Download PDF

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WO2021244150A1
WO2021244150A1 PCT/CN2021/087218 CN2021087218W WO2021244150A1 WO 2021244150 A1 WO2021244150 A1 WO 2021244150A1 CN 2021087218 W CN2021087218 W CN 2021087218W WO 2021244150 A1 WO2021244150 A1 WO 2021244150A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tibial tray
prosthesis
tibial
prostheses
tray prosthesis
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PCT/CN2021/087218
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙延东
赵开宇
史忠兵
熊文涛
Original Assignee
苏州微创关节医疗科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021244150A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021244150A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
    • A61F2/3859—Femoral components
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/38—Joints for elbows or knees
    • A61F2/389—Tibial components

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to the knee joint system, tibial prosthesis, tibial tray prosthesis series and tibial tray prosthesis group.
  • Unicondyle replacement surgery uses a minimally invasive incision, while retaining the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments of the patient’s knee joint. It has the advantages of less trauma, fast recovery, and good postoperative physiological mobility. Therefore, unicondyle replacement is widely used Treatment of osteoarthritis in a single room.
  • Unicondylar knee prostheses used in unicondylar replacement include femoral condyle prostheses used to replace diseased bone tissue at the distal end of the femur, tibial tray prostheses used to replace diseased bone tissue at the proximal end of the tibia, and half moon replacements Plate to achieve a tibial pad that reduces friction and wear.
  • the doctor may also adjust the model according to the coverage of the tibial tray prosthesis to obtain the best coverage of the tibia.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis of the adjacent type is usually used to replace the tibial tray prosthesis, which requires re-drilling the post hole and keel groove, and due to the adjacent type of tibia
  • the position of the post and keel of the support prosthesis is relatively close, so it is necessary to drill the post hole and keel groove again for such a replacement, which will cause the existing post hole and keel groove to destroy the integrity of the new post hole and keel groove. Affect the fixation stability of the tibial tray prosthesis and increase the probability of tibial tray prosthesis loosening.
  • a knee joint system, a tibial prosthesis, a tibial tray prosthesis series, and a tibial tray prosthesis group are provided to avoid re-drilling the tibia when replacing the tibial tray prosthesis model, and thereby Improve the fixation stability of the tibial tray prosthesis and reduce the probability of tibial tray prosthesis loosening.
  • a tibial tray prosthesis group includes at least two different types of tibial tray prostheses, each of the tibial tray prostheses is provided with a device for connecting with the tibia The post and the keel, each of the tibial tray prostheses is also provided with a first reference surface and a second reference surface. The second reference surface intersects the first reference surface.
  • tibial tray prosthesis group when the first reference planes of different types of tibial tray prostheses are aligned with each other and the second reference planes are aligned with each other, it is ensured that the posts and keels of different types of tibial tray prostheses can overlap, in other words This ensures that the position of the post and keel of the tibial tray prosthesis relative to the first reference surface and the second reference surface does not change with the size of the tibial tray prosthesis, so that there is no need to deal with the patient when replacing different types of tibial tray prostheses.
  • the tibial osteotomy surface of the tibia is re-opened the post hole and keel groove, so as to avoid the existing post hole and keel groove from damaging the integrity of the new post hole and keel groove, and improve the fixation of the tibial tray prosthesis Stability, reducing the probability of loosening of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • there is no need to reopen the column hole and the keel groove which also improves the efficiency of the operation, reduces the operation time, and reduces the probability of patient infection.
  • each of the tibial tray prostheses has an anteroposterior diameter and a left-right diameter, and the left and right diameters of the tibial tray prostheses of different models increase as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.
  • the distance between the post and the keel of the tibial tray prosthesis of different models is maintained at the first type fixed value, and the distance between the post and the first reference plane of the tibial tray prosthesis of different models
  • the fixed value of the second type is maintained, and the distance between the post and the second reference plane of the tibial support prosthesis of different models is maintained at the fixed value of the third type.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis is provided with at least two upright posts, and the distance between two adjacent upright posts in the tibial tray prosthesis of different models is maintained at the fourth type fixed value .
  • each of the tibial tray prostheses has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to each other.
  • the first side surface is a straight surface
  • the second side surface is a curved surface
  • the first reference surface is opposite to The first side surfaces coincide
  • the second reference surface is perpendicular to the first reference surface.
  • the second reference plane coincides with the rear end tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis further includes a straight face of the posterior edge, and the second reference plane coincides with the straight face of the posterior edge.
  • the second reference plane coincides with the median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis further includes a straight rear edge, and the distance between the post and the rear end tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis increases as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases , And the amount of change in the distance from the post of the tibial tray prosthesis of the adjacent model to the rear end tangent line of the tibial tray prosthesis is half of the change in the anteroposterior diameter.
  • a tibial tray prosthesis series includes at least two sets of tibial tray prostheses as described above, and the left and right diameters of the tibial tray prostheses of different groups are As the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, the distance between the post and the keel of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups increases as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases. As the tibial tray prosthesis increases, the distance between the post and the first reference plane of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups increases as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.
  • the above-mentioned tibial tray prosthesis series divides multiple tibial tray prostheses with a large model size span into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, and uses adjacent tibial tray prostheses within a certain range as a set of tibial tray prostheses
  • the posts and keels of different types of tibial tray prostheses can be overlapped with each other.
  • the distance between the post of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups and the straight surface of the posterior edge of the tibial tray prosthesis increases as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases .
  • each tibial tray prosthesis group includes at least two adjacent types of tibial tray prostheses.
  • the diameter increases as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis in the same set of the tibial tray prosthesis, includes at least two uprights, and the spacing between the uprights and the uprights of the tibial tray prostheses of different models , The distance between the column and the keel, the distance between the column and the straight face of the rear edge, and the distance between the column and the first side remain unchanged.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis includes at least two upright posts, and the distance between the upright post and the upright post and the distance between the upright post and the rear edge of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups follow the The anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.
  • a tibial prosthesis includes the tibial tray prosthesis series as described above and a tibial pad for mating with the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the above tibial prosthesis adopts the aforementioned tibial tray prosthesis series.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series divides multiple tibial tray prostheses with a large model size span into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, and divides adjacent tibial tray prostheses within a certain range.
  • Models of tibial tray prostheses are used as a set of tibial tray prosthesis groups, and when the first reference planes of the tibial tray prostheses in the same set of tibial tray prosthesis groups are aligned with each other and the second reference planes are aligned with each other, different models of tibial tray prostheses are aligned with each other
  • the post and keel of the tibial tray prosthesis can be superimposed with each other, so that the tibial osteotomy surface does not need to be reprocessed when the same group of different types of tibial tray prosthesis is replaced during the operation, which improves the fixation stability of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • Reduce the probability of loosening of the tibial tray prosthesis At the same time, the efficiency of the operation is improved, the operation time is reduced, and the probability of patient infection is reduced.
  • a knee joint system includes the tibial prosthesis and the femoral prosthesis as described above.
  • the above knee joint system uses the aforementioned tibial tray prosthesis series.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series divides multiple tibial tray prostheses with a large model size span into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, and divides adjacent tibial tray prosthesis groups within a certain range.
  • Models of tibial tray prostheses are used as a set of tibial tray prosthesis groups, and when the first reference planes of the tibial tray prostheses in the same set of tibial tray prosthesis groups are aligned with each other and the second reference planes are aligned with each other, different models of tibial tray prostheses are aligned with each other
  • the post and keel of the tibial tray prosthesis can be superimposed with each other, so that the tibial osteotomy surface does not need to be reprocessed when the same group of different types of tibial tray prosthesis is replaced during the operation, which improves the fixation stability of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • Reduce the probability of loosening of the tibial tray prosthesis At the same time, the efficiency of the operation is improved, the operation time is reduced, and the probability of patient infection is reduced.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of comparison of various types of tibial tray prostheses in a tibial tray prosthesis group according to an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a rear view of a certain type of tibial tray prosthesis in the tibial tray prosthesis group shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the tibial tray prosthesis shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of comparison of various types of tibial tray prostheses in the tibial tray prosthesis group according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is an example table of structural parameters of tibial tray prostheses of various models in the tibial tray prosthesis series according to an embodiment
  • Figure 6 is an example table of structural parameters of various types of tibial tray prostheses in the traditional tibial tray prosthesis series
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relative position difference between the post and keel of the tibial tray prosthesis according to an embodiment of the present application and the post and keel of the traditional tibial tray prosthesis;
  • FIG. 8 is an example table of structural parameters of various types of tibial tray prostheses in the tibial tray prosthesis series according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the relative position difference between the post and keel of the tibial tray prosthesis according to another embodiment of the present application and the post and keel of the traditional tibial tray prosthesis.
  • Sagittal plane Refers to the first longitudinal section that divides the human body or prosthesis into left and right parts from the front to back direction. Among them, the sagittal plane passing through the center of the human body or prosthesis is the median sagittal plane.
  • Coronal plane Refers to the second longitudinal section that divides the human body or prosthesis into front and rear parts from the left and right directions.
  • the second longitudinal section is perpendicular to the sagittal plane.
  • the coronal plane that passes through the center of the human body or the prosthesis is the median coronal plane. .
  • Cross section also called horizontal plane, which is a plane that divides the human body or prosthesis into upper and lower parts parallel to the ground plane. This plane is perpendicular to the coronal and sagittal planes.
  • Lateral side The side relatively far away from the mid-sagittal plane of the human body.
  • Anterior side The side relatively close to the abdomen of the human body on the sagittal plane.
  • Posterior side The side relatively close to the back of the human body in the sagittal plane.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis group includes at least two tibial tray prostheses of different models.
  • Each tibial tray prosthesis includes a distal surface 10.
  • the distal end surface 10 of the tibial tray prosthesis is used to cooperate with the proximal end surface 30 of the tibia formed after the osteotomy of the patient.
  • the distal surface 10 of the tibial tray prosthesis is provided with a post for connecting with the tibia and a keel 13.
  • the post and the keel 13 are used to assist the fixation of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis also includes a first side surface 14 and a second side surface 15 opposite to each other, wherein the first side surface 14 is a straight surface and the second side surface 15 is a curved surface.
  • the first side 14 is the outer edge of the tibial tray prosthesis
  • the second side 15 is the inner edge of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the first side 14 is the medial edge of the tibial tray prosthesis
  • the second side 15 is the lateral edge of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the maximum length of the tibial tray prosthesis in the extending direction of the first side surface 14 is the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the first straight line perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side surface 14 is tangent to the front end of the tibial tray prosthesis (referred to as the front end tangent line), and the second straight line perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side surface 14 is tangent to the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the rear end of the body is tangent (called the posterior tangent), and the vertical distance between the front tangent and the posterior tangent is the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the maximum width of the tibial tray prosthesis is the left and right diameter B of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the vertical distance from the point furthest away from the first side surface 14 on the second side surface 15 to the first side surface 14 is the left and right diameter B of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • different types of tibial tray prostheses refer to two or more tibial tray prostheses with different anteroposterior diameters A and left and right diameters B.
  • the “straight face” or “straight line” mentioned in this application is not a straight face or a straight line in the mathematical sense, but a straight face or a straight line in the engineering sense that meets certain error requirements.
  • the above description of the geometric characteristics of the first side surface 14 and the second side surface 15 is based on their projections on the horizontal plane (as shown in FIG. 1).
  • the description of the second reference surface 22 is also the same.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis is also provided with a first reference surface 21 and a second reference surface 22.
  • the second reference surface 22 intersects the first reference surface 21, for example, the second reference surface 22 is perpendicular to the first reference surface 21.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis group ensures that when the first reference surfaces 21 of different types of tibial tray prostheses are aligned with each other and the second reference surfaces 22 are aligned with each other, the different types of tibial tray prostheses are aligned with each other.
  • Both the post and the keel 13 can overlap each other, that is, it is ensured that the positions of the post and the keel 13 of the tibial tray prosthesis relative to the first reference surface 21 and the second reference surface 22 do not change with the size of the tibial tray prosthesis, so as to enable
  • the integrity of the tibial tray improves the fixation stability of the tibial tray prosthesis and reduces the probability of loosening of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • there is no need to reopen the column hole and the keel groove which also improves the efficiency of the operation, shortens the operation time, and reduces the probability of patient infection.
  • the left and right diameters B of different types of tibial tray prostheses increase as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, and different types of tibial tray prostheses
  • the distance between each of the uprights and the keel 13 is kept at a fixed value, and this type of fixed value can be called the first type of fixed value.
  • the distance between each post of different types of tibial tray prostheses and the first reference surface 21 is also maintained at a fixed value, and this type of fixed value can be called the second type of fixed value.
  • the distance between each post of the tibial tray prosthesis of different models and the second datum surface 22 is also maintained at a fixed value, and this type of fixed value can be referred to as the third type of fixed value.
  • the distance between each upright column and the keel 13 refers to the distance from the center of each upright column to the geometric center of the keel 13 in a horizontal plane.
  • the distance between each column and the first reference surface 21 refers to the vertical distance from the center of each column to the first reference surface 21.
  • the distance between each column and the second reference surface 22 refers to Is the vertical distance from the center of each column to the second reference plane 22.
  • the distance between each post and the keel 13 of different types of tibial tray prostheses, the distance between each post and the first reference surface 21, and the distance between each post and the second reference surface 22 are kept constant. Therefore, when the first reference plane 21 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different models is aligned and the second reference plane 22 is aligned, the post and the keel 13 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different models are aligned with each other.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis is provided with at least two upright posts, and the distance between two adjacent upright posts on tibial tray prostheses of different models is maintained at the fourth category fixed value.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis is provided with a first post 11 and a second post 12.
  • the distance C1 between the first post 11 and the second post 12 of the tibial tray prosthesis in the same tibial tray prosthesis group does not change with the change of the anteroposterior diameter A and the left-right diameter B of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the distance C1 between the first column 11 and the second column 12 is maintained at the fourth type fixed value
  • the distance G1 between the first column 11 and the first reference surface 21 is maintained at the second type fixed value
  • the second column 12 is The distance D1 between the keels 13 is maintained at the first type fixed value
  • the distances E1 and F1 between the first column 11 and the second column 12 and the second reference plane 22 are maintained at the third type fixed value, thereby ensuring The relative position of each post is fixed, so as to avoid reopening the post hole on the tibia osteotomy surface of the patient when replacing different types of tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the number of posts on the tibial tray prosthesis is not limited to the two in the above-mentioned embodiment, but can also be three, four or more, so as to improve the stability of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the first reference surface 21 and the first side surface 14 coincide. That is, the tibial tray prosthesis uses the first side surface 14 as the first reference surface 21. Since the first side surface 14 is a straight surface, the first side surface 14 is used as the first reference surface 21 to facilitate the parameter design of the tibial tray prosthesis group. In addition, when replacing different types of tibial tray prostheses during the operation, the first side surface 14 can be used as the installation reference, which is more convenient for the operation.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis further includes a straight rear edge 16 perpendicular to the first side surface 14. It can be understood that the rear edge straight surface 16 coincides with the rear tangent line of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the rear edge straight surface 16 of the tibial tray prosthesis serves as the second reference surface 22.
  • the distance from the column to the rear edge straight surface 16 can be maintained at a constant value.
  • the distance E1 from the first column 11 to the straight face 16 of the rear edge is the fixed value of the third type
  • the distance F1 from the second column 12 to the straight face 16 of the rear edge is the fixed value of the third type. The fixed value in.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis may not include the posterior edge straight surface 16. That is, the rear end of the tibial tray prosthesis is all curved, and the second reference plane 22 coincides with the rear end tangent of the tibial tray prosthesis, that is, perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side surface 14 and with the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the straight line tangent to the rear end is the second reference plane 22.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis when the rear edge straight surface 16 is used as the second reference surface 22 or a straight line perpendicular to the extension direction of the first side surface 14 and tangent to the rear end of the tibial tray prosthesis is used as the second reference surface 22, the tibial tray prosthesis The distance from the vertical column of the body to the straight face 16 of the rear edge is kept at a constant value.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis may use the median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis as the second reference plane 22. That is, the second reference plane 22 coincides with the median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the median coronal plane of the tibial tray prosthesis is the coronal plane passing through the front and back center line of the tibial tray prosthesis, that is, the vertical distance from the median coronal plane to the front end tangent line of the tibial tray prosthesis and the rear end tangent line of the tibial tray prosthesis is equal .
  • the distance between each post and the second reference plane 22 is still maintained at the third type of fixed value, but the post and the posterior edge are straight 16 or rearward.
  • the distance between the end tangent lines increases as the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, and the distance between the post of the adjacent tibial tray prosthesis and the posterior edge straight surface 16 can be changed by the amount of change in the anteroposterior diameter A half.
  • the selection of the first reference surface 21 and the second reference surface 22 is related to the prosthesis installation method, and is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and can be independently selected according to the situation.
  • the first reference plane 21 may also coincide with the median sagittal plane of the prosthesis and so on.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a series of tibial tray prostheses.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series includes at least two sets of tibial tray prosthesis groups as in any of the above embodiments.
  • the left and right diameter B of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups increases with the increase of the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the distance between the post and the keel 13 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups increases with the anteroposterior diameter of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the distance between the posts of the tibial tray prostheses of different groups and the first reference plane 21 increases as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.
  • the distance between the post of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups and the second reference plane 22 can increase as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.
  • FIG. 5 is an example table of structural parameters of various types of tibial tray prostheses in the tibial tray prosthesis series according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis uses the first side surface 14 as the first reference surface 21 and the rear edge straight surface 16 as the second reference surface 22.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis is provided with two uprights, namely the first upright 11 and the second upright 12 respectively.
  • the structural parameters of the tibial tray prosthesis include the anteroposterior diameter A, the left and right diameter B, the distance C1 between the first column 11 and the second column 12, the distance D1 between the second column 12 and the keel 13, the first column 11 to the rear edge
  • the distance G1 between the straight face 16 (that is, the second reference surface 22), the distance F1 between the second upright column 12 and the rear edge straight surface 16 (ie, the second reference surface 22), and the first column 11 and the first side surface 14 (ie, the first reference surface) 21)
  • the distance G1 between the straight face 16 (that is, the second reference surface 22), the distance F1 between the second upright column 12 and the rear edge straight surface 16 (ie, the second reference surface 22
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series includes four sets of tibial tray prosthesis groups.
  • Each tibial tray prosthesis group includes three adjacent models of tibial tray prostheses.
  • the left and right diameters B of different types of tibial tray prostheses increase as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, but the first column 11 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different types increases with The distance C1 between the second upright column 12, the distance D1 between the second upright column 12 and the keel 13, the distance E1 between the first upright column 11 and the rear edge straight surface 16, the distance F1 between the second upright column 12 and the rear edge straight surface 16, and the first upright column
  • the distance G1 between 11 and the first side 14 remains unchanged, so that when the first reference surface 21 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different models in the same group of tibial tray prosthesis group is aligned and the second reference surface 22 is aligned, the first upright column
  • the left and right diameters B of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups increase as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, and the first post 11 and the second post 11 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups increase
  • the distance G1 of the side surface 14 increases as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.
  • 5 is 11.9 mm, 14.1 mm, 16.0 mm, and 17.8, respectively. mm, all increase with the increase of the anteroposterior diameter A of the corresponding tibial tray prosthesis. The other parameters are the same, so I won’t repeat them here.
  • a tibial tray prosthesis series contains more types of tibial tray prostheses, and the size span of the tibial tray prosthesis is large, if all types of tibial tray prostheses use the same first column 11 and second column 12, the distance C1, the distance D1 between the second column 12 and the keel 13, the distance E1 between the first column 11 and the rear edge straight surface 16, the distance F1 between the second column 12 and the rear edge straight surface 16, and the first column 11 and the first side surface
  • the distance G1 of 14 may cause the stability of the smallest tibial tray prosthesis or the largest tibial tray prosthesis to not be guaranteed.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series of this application spans the model size
  • the larger multiple tibial tray prostheses are divided into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, so that the tibial tray prostheses in the same group can be interchanged during the operation, and there is no need to reprocess the tibial osteotomy surface.
  • adjacent types of tibial tray prostheses within a certain range are used as a set of tibial tray prosthesis groups, and different types of tibial tray prostheses are made in the same set of tibial tray prosthesis groups.
  • the distance C1 between the first column 11 and the second column 12 of the body, the distance D1 between the second column 12 and the keel 13, the distance E1 between the first column 11 and the straight surface 16 of the rear edge, the distance between the second column 12 and the straight surface 16 of the rear edge F1 and the distance G1 between the first post 11 and the first side 14 remain unchanged, which not only enables the interchangeability of different types of tibial tray prostheses in the same group, but also ensures the tibia with a large span in different groups The respective stability of the prosthesis.
  • Figure 6 is an example table of the structural parameters of various types of tibial tray prostheses of the traditional tibial tray prosthesis series
  • Figure 7 is the column and keel of the traditional tibial tray prosthesis and those of the application
  • stability analysis includes shear stability analysis and rotation stability analysis.
  • the shear stability analysis method is to simulate the tibial tray prosthesis being fixed to the cancellous bone with bone cement, and apply a 1000N anteroposterior shear force to the geometric center of the tibial tray prosthesis to calculate the horizontal displacement of the tibial tray prosthesis .
  • the rotational stability analysis method is to simulate the tibial tray prosthesis being cemented to the cancellous bone, and applying a torque of 5Nm in the inner and outer directions to the geometric center of the tibial tray prosthesis to calculate the rotational displacement of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the analysis results are as follows: Under the action of 1000N horizontal shear force, the traditional model 1 tibial tray prosthesis has a maximum translational displacement of 79.98 microns. Under the action of 5Nm rotation and torsion, the traditional model 1 tibia The maximum rotational displacement of the bracket prosthesis is 17.07 microns. Under the same horizontal shearing force and rotational torque, the maximum translational displacement and rotational displacement of the tibial tray prosthesis of Model 1 according to this application are 78.28 microns and 17.27 microns, respectively. The analysis results show that the two different design schemes There was no significant difference in the stability of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • FIG. 8 is an example table of the structural parameters of each tibial tray prosthesis in the tibial tray prosthesis series of another embodiment of the application.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis uses the first side surface 14 as the first reference surface 21, and the median coronal surface of the tibial tray prosthesis is used as the second reference surface 22 in the future.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis is provided with two uprights, namely the first upright 11 and the second upright 12 respectively.
  • the structural parameters of the tibial tray prosthesis include the anteroposterior diameter A, the left-right diameter B, the distance C2 between the first column 11 and the second column 12, the distance D2 between the second column 12 and the keel 13, and the first column 11 to The distance E2 between the rear edge straight surface 16, the distance F2 between the second column 12 and the rear edge straight surface 16, and the distance G2 between the first column 11 and the first side surface 14 (ie, the first reference surface 21 ).
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series includes four sets of tibial tray prosthesis groups, and each tibial tray prosthesis group includes three adjacent models of tibial tray prostheses.
  • the left and right diameters B of different types of tibial tray prostheses increase as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases.
  • the distance F2 between the two uprights 12 and the straight surface 16 of the posterior edge increases as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases, and the amount of change of E2 and F2 is half of the amount of change of the anteroposterior diameter A.
  • the distance C2 between the first post 11 and the second post 12 of the different types of tibial tray prostheses, the distance D2 between the second post 12 and the keel 13, and the distance G2 between the first post 11 and the first side surface 14 are both Remain unchanged, so that when the first reference plane 21 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different models in the same group of tibial tray prosthesis is aligned and the second reference plane 22 is aligned, the first post 11 and the second post of the tibial tray prosthesis are aligned.
  • Both the post 12 and the keel 13 can be completely overlapped with each other, so that the same set of tibial tray prostheses can be interchanged during the operation without the need to reprocess the tibial osteotomy surface.
  • the left and right diameters B of the tibial tray prostheses of different groups increase as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prostheses increase, and the first post 11 and the second post 11 of the tibial tray prosthesis of different groups
  • the distance G2 between 11 and the first side surface 14 increases as the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis increases. For example, as shown in the table of FIG.
  • the distance C2 between the first post 11 and the second post 12 of the tibial tray prosthesis of each group in the 1-4 groups of Fig. 8 is 11.9mm, 14.1mm, 16.0mm, 17.8mm, both increase with the increase of the anteroposterior diameter A of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the other parameters are the same, so I won’t repeat them here.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the relative position difference between the traditional tibial tray prosthesis post and keel and the tibial tray prosthesis post and keel 13 according to another embodiment of the present application. It can be seen from the table in FIG. 9 that the relative position difference between the post and keel of the tibial tray prosthesis of the traditional model 1 and the post and keel 13 of the tibial tray prosthesis of model 1 according to another embodiment of the present application is the largest.
  • the relative position difference is smaller than the relative position difference between the post and keel of the traditional tibial tray prosthesis of model 1 in FIG. 7 and the post and keel of the tibial tray prosthesis of model 1 according to an embodiment of the present application, which is determined by It can be reasonably inferred that such a relative position difference will not affect the stability of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the aforementioned tibial tray prosthesis series divides multiple tibial tray prostheses with a large model size span into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, so that it is not necessary to cut the tibia when replacing the same group of different types of tibial tray prostheses during the operation.
  • the bone surface is processed again.
  • adjacent models of tibial tray prostheses within a certain range are regarded as a set of tibial tray prosthesis groups, when the first reference planes 21 of the tibial tray prostheses in the same tibial tray prosthesis group are aligned with each other and When the second reference planes 22 are aligned with each other, the posts and keels 13 of different types of tibial tray prostheses can be overlapped with each other, which not only makes the same group of different types of tibial tray prostheses interchangeable, but also ensures that different groups Respective stability of tibial tray prosthesis with a large internal dimension span.
  • the number of tibial tray prosthesis groups included in the tibial tray prosthesis series is not limited to the above four groups, and the number of tibial tray prosthesis groups can be increased or decreased according to actual needs. Moreover, the number of tibial tray prostheses included in each tibial tray prosthesis group is not limited to three.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series may include 12 sets of tibial tray prosthesis groups, and each tibial tray prosthesis group contains three types of tibial tray prostheses of large, medium, and small, of which, 12 groups
  • the structural parameters of the middle-sized tibial tray prosthesis in the tibial tray prosthesis group are respectively designed with reference to the structural parameters of the traditional tibial tray prosthesis 1-12 in FIG. 6.
  • the structural parameters of the large and small tibial tray prostheses of each group have been increased or decreased.
  • the spacing between the reference planes 21 and the spacing between the post and the second reference plane 22 remain unchanged, so that for the traditional 12 types of tibial tray prostheses, there are corresponding tibial trays of one size larger or one size smaller.
  • the prosthesis can be interchanged without reprocessing the osteotomy surface of the tibia.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a tibial prosthesis, which includes the tibial tray prosthesis series of any of the above-mentioned embodiments and a tibial pad for mating with the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • each tibial tray prosthesis has a proximal surface 30 opposite to the distal surface 10.
  • the proximal surface 30 is provided with a mating part for mating with the tibial pad.
  • the mating part has different characteristics according to different types of unicondyle prostheses.
  • the mating part of the tibial tray prosthesis is Smooth plane, no mechanical connection between the tibial tray prosthesis and the tibial pad, so that the tibial pad can move freely on the proximal surface 30 of the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the mating part of the tibial tray prosthesis is a groove 31.
  • the edge of the groove 31 is provided with a flange.
  • the flange of the groove 31 is locked with the tibial pad by a snap connection, so as to ensure the locking stability of the tibial pad 2 and the tibial tray prosthesis.
  • the groove 31 can take any shape, such as trapezoid, rectangular or other types of irregular shapes.
  • the above tibial prosthesis adopts the aforementioned tibial tray prosthesis series.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series divides multiple tibial tray prostheses with a large model size span into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, and divides adjacent tibial tray prostheses within a certain range.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis of the model is used as a set of tibial tray prosthesis groups, and it is different when the first reference plane 21 of the tibial tray prosthesis in the same set of tibial tray prosthesis group is aligned with each other and the second reference plane 22 is aligned with each other.
  • the post and keel 13 of different types of tibial tray prostheses can be superimposed with each other, so that the tibial tray prosthesis does not need to be reprocessed when replacing the same group of different types of tibial tray prostheses during the operation, which improves the fixation of the tibial tray prosthesis. Stability, reducing the probability of loosening of the tibial tray prosthesis. At the same time, the efficiency of the operation is improved, the operation time is reduced, and the probability of patient infection is reduced.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a knee joint system.
  • the knee joint system includes the tibial prosthesis and the femoral prosthesis of any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the tibial prosthesis includes a tibial tray prosthesis and a tibial liner.
  • the femoral prosthesis is used to replace the diseased bone tissue of the distal femur
  • the tibial tray prosthesis is used to replace the diseased bone tissue of the proximal tibia
  • the tibial liner is used to replace the meniscus. In order to achieve the purpose of reducing friction and wear.
  • the above knee joint system uses the aforementioned tibial tray prosthesis series.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis series divides multiple tibial tray prostheses with a large model size span into at least two tibial tray prosthesis groups, and divides adjacent tibial tray prosthesis groups within a certain range.
  • the tibial tray prosthesis of the model is used as a set of tibial tray prosthesis groups, and it is different when the first reference plane 21 of the tibial tray prosthesis in the same set of tibial tray prosthesis group is aligned with each other and the second reference plane 22 is aligned with each other.
  • the post and keel 13 of different types of tibial tray prostheses can be superimposed with each other, so that the tibial tray prosthesis does not need to be reprocessed when replacing the same group of different types of tibial tray prostheses during the operation, which improves the fixation of the tibial tray prosthesis. Stability, reducing the probability of loosening of the tibial tray prosthesis. At the same time, the efficiency of the operation is improved, the operation time is reduced, and the probability of patient infection is reduced.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise specified The limit.
  • the first feature “on” or “under” the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediary. get in touch with.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

一种膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组。胫骨托假体组包括至少两个型号不同胫骨托假体，每个骨托假体均设有用于与胫骨连接的立柱(11,12)以及龙骨(13)，每个骨托假体还均设有第一基准面(21)以及第二基准面(22)，第二基准面(22)与第一基准面(21)相交，当不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一基准面(21)对齐并且第二基准面(22)对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱(11,12)重合并且龙骨(13)重合。胫骨托假体组提高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小了胫骨托假体松动发生概率，同时无需重新开立柱孔以及龙骨槽，提高了手术操作效率，减少了手术时间，降低了患者感染的发生概率。

Description

膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年6月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为2020105029340的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别是涉及膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组。
背景技术
单髁置换术采用微创伤切口、同时能保留患者膝关节的前、后交叉韧带，具有创伤小、恢复快、患者术后生理活动度好等优点，因此单髁置换术被广泛地运用于单间室的骨关节炎的治疗中。单髁置换术所采用的单髁膝关节假体包括用于置换股骨远端的病变骨组织的股骨髁假体、用于置换胫骨近端的病变骨组织的胫骨托假体以及用于替换半月板以达到降低摩擦磨损的胫骨衬垫。
在进行单髁手术的置换过程中，在完成对胫骨的截骨处理后，医生可能还会根据胫骨托假体的覆盖情况进行型号调整以获得胫骨的最佳覆盖。然而，当传统的胫骨托假体需要被更换时，通常会利用相邻型号的胫骨托假体更换该胫骨托假体，这需要重新钻出立柱孔和龙骨槽，并且由于相邻型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨位置比较接近，因此需要为这样的更换重新钻出立柱孔和龙骨槽，这会致使原来已经存在的立柱孔和龙骨槽破坏新的立柱孔和龙骨槽的完整性，影响胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，增加胫骨托假体松动发生概率。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组，以避免在更换胫骨托假体型号时对胫骨进行重新钻孔，进而提高胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小胫骨托假体松动发生概率。
根据本申请的一方面，提供一种胫骨托假体组，所述胫骨托假体组包括至少两个型号不同胫骨托假体，每个所述胫骨托假体均设有用于与胫骨连接的立柱以及龙骨，每个所述胫骨托假 体还均设有第一基准面以及第二基准面，所述第二基准面与所述第一基准面相交，当不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述第一基准面对齐并且所述第二基准面对齐时，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱重合并且所述龙骨重合。
上述胫骨托假体组通过在不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一基准面相互对齐并且第二基准面相互对齐时，保证不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨均能重合，换而言之，保证了胫骨托假体的立柱与龙骨相对于第一基准面以及第二基准面的位置不随胫骨托假体的尺寸改变而变化，从而在替换不同型号的胫骨托假体时无需对患者的胫骨截骨面进行重新开立柱孔以及龙骨槽等处理，从而避免了原本已经存在的立柱孔和龙骨槽破坏新的立柱孔和龙骨槽的完整性的问题，提高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小胫骨托假体松动发生概率。同时无需重新开立柱孔以及龙骨槽也提高了手术操作效率，减小了手术时间，降低了患者感染的发生概率。
在其中一个实施例中，每个所述胫骨托假体均具有前后径以及左右径，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的左右径随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱与所述龙骨的间距保持为第一类定值，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱与所述第一基准面的间距保持为第二类定值，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱到所述第二基准面的间距保持为第三类定值。
在其中一个实施例中，每个所述胫骨托假体均设有至少两个立柱，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体内的相邻两个立柱之间的间距保持为第四类定值。
在其中一个实施例中，每个所述胫骨托假体具有相对设置的第一侧面以及第二侧面，所述第一侧面为直面，所述第二侧面为曲面，所述第一基准面与所述第一侧面重合，所述第二基准面与所述第一基准面垂直。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二基准面与所述胫骨托假体的后端切线重合。
在其中一个实施例中，所述胫骨托假体还包括后缘直面，所述第二基准面与后缘直面重合。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二基准面与所述胫骨托假体的正中冠状面重合。
在其中一个实施例中，所述胫骨托假体还包括后缘直面，所述立柱到所述胫骨托假体的后端切线的间距随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，并且相邻型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱到所述胫骨托假体的后端切线的间距的变化量为所述前后径的变化量的一半。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供一种胫骨托假体系列，所述胫骨托假体系列包括至少两组如上所述的胫骨托假体组，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的左右径随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱与所述龙骨之间的间距随所述胫骨托假体的前后径 增大而增大，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱与所述第一基准面之间的间距随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大。
上述胫骨托假体系列通过将型号尺寸跨度较大的多个胫骨托假体分为至少两个胫骨托假体组，将一定范围内的相邻型号的胫骨托假体作为一组胫骨托假体组，并且保证在同一组胫骨托假体组内的胫骨托假体的第一基准面相互对齐并且第二基准面相互对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨均能彼此重合，从而实现在术中更换同一组不同型号的胫骨托假体时无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理，提高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小胫骨托假体松动发生概率。同时提高了手术操作效率，减小了手术时间，降低了患者感染的发生概率。
在其中一个实施例中，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱到所述胫骨托假体的后缘直面之间的距离随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大。
在其中一个实施例中，每组胫骨托假体组包括至少两个相邻型号的胫骨托假体，在同一组所述胫骨托假体组内，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的左右径随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大。
在其中一个实施例中，在同一组所述胫骨托假体组内，每个所述胫骨托假体包括至少两个立柱，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的立柱与立柱之间的间距、立柱与龙骨之间的间距、立柱到后缘直面的距离及立柱与第一侧面的距离均保持不变。
在其中一个实施例中，每个所述胫骨托假体包括至少两个立柱，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的立柱与立柱之间的间距、立柱到后缘直面的距离均随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供一种胫骨假体，所述胫骨假体包括如上所述的胫骨托假体系列以及用于与所述胫骨托假体相配合的胫骨衬垫。
上述胫骨假体采用了前述的胫骨托假体系列，胫骨托假体系列将型号尺寸跨度较大的多个胫骨托假体分为至少两个胫骨托假体组，将一定范围内的相邻型号的胫骨托假体作为一组胫骨托假体组，并且保证在同一组胫骨托假体组内的胫骨托假体的第一基准面相互对齐并且第二基准面相互对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨均能彼此重合，从而实现在术中更换同一组不同型号的胫骨托假体时无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理，提高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小胫骨托假体松动发生概率。同时提高了手术操作效率，减小了手术时间，降低了患者感染的发生概率。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供一种膝关节系统，所述膝关节系统包括如上所述的胫骨假体以及股骨假体。
上述膝关节系统采用了前述的胫骨托假体系列，胫骨托假体系列将型号尺寸跨度较大的多个胫骨托假体分为至少两个胫骨托假体组，将一定范围内的相邻型号的胫骨托假体作为一组胫骨托假体组，并且保证在同一组胫骨托假体组内的胫骨托假体的第一基准面相互对齐并且第二基准面相互对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨均能彼此重合，从而实现在术中更换同一组不同型号的胫骨托假体时无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理，提高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小胫骨托假体松动发生概率。同时提高了手术操作效率，减小了手术时间，降低了患者感染的发生概率。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为根据一实施例的胫骨托假体组中的各型号的胫骨托假体的对比示意图；
图2为图1中所示的胫骨托假体组中的某一型号的胫骨托假体的后视图；
图3为图2中所示的胫骨托假体的俯视图；
图4为根据一实施例的胫骨托假体组中的各型号的胫骨托假体的对比示意图；
图5为根据一实施例的胫骨托假体系列中的各型号的胫骨托假体的结构参数示例表；
图6为传统的胫骨托假体系列中的各型号胫骨托假体的结构参数示例表；
图7为根据本申请一实施例的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨与传统的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨的相对位置差的示意表；
图8为根据本申请的另一实施例的胫骨托假体系列中的各型号胫骨托假体的结构参数示例表；
图9为根据本申请的另一实施例的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨与传统的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨的相对位置差的示意表。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本申请的具体实 施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请。但是本申请能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本申请内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本申请不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
为了更好地阐述本申请的技术方案，首先对各实施例中可能涉及的方位名称进行解释：
矢状面：指从前后方向，将人体或假体分成左、右两部分的第一纵切面，其中，经过人体或假体正中的矢状面为正中矢状面。
冠状面：指从左右方向，将人体或假体分为前后两部分的第二纵切面，该第二纵切面与矢状面垂直，其中，经过人体或假体正中的冠状面为正中冠状面。
横断面：也称水平面，是与地平面平行地将人体或假体分为上、下两部分的平面，该平面与冠状面和矢状面相互垂直。
内侧：相对接近人体的正中矢状面的一侧。
外侧：相对远离人体的正中矢状面的一侧。
前侧：矢状面上相对接近人体的腹部的一侧。
后侧：矢状面上相对接近人体的背部的一侧。
参阅图1，图1示出了本剧本申请一实施例的胫骨托假体组中的各型号的胫骨托假体的对比示意图。具体地，参见图1-2，根据本申请一实施例的胫骨托假体组包括不同型号的至少两个胫骨托假体。每个胫骨托假体均包括远端面10。胫骨托假体的远端面10用于与患者截骨后形成的胫骨的近端面30相配合。胫骨托假体的远端面10设有用于与胫骨连接的立柱以及龙骨13。立柱以及龙骨13用于辅助胫骨托假体的固定。胫骨托假体还包括相对的第一侧面14以及第二侧面15，其中第一侧面14为直面，第二侧面15为曲面。对于用以置换膝关节的内侧间室的胫骨托假体来说，第一侧面14即为胫骨托假体的外侧边缘，第二侧面15即为胫骨托假体的内侧边缘。相反地，对于用以置换膝关节的外侧间室的胫骨托假体来说，第一侧面14即为胫骨托假体的内侧边缘，第二侧面15即为胫骨托假体的外侧边缘。胫骨托假体在第一侧面14的延伸方向上的最大长度即为胫骨托假体的前后径A。即，假设与第一侧面14的延伸方向垂直的第一直线与胫骨托假体的前端相切(称为前端切线)，与第一侧面14的延伸方向垂直的第二直线与胫骨托假体的后端相切(称为后端切线)，则前端切线与后端切线间的垂直距离即为胫骨托假体的前后径A。进一步地，在与第一侧面14的延伸方向垂直的方向上，胫骨托假体的最大宽度即为即为胫骨托假体的左右径B。即，第二侧面15上最远离第一侧面14的一点到第一侧面14的垂直距离即为胫骨托假体的左右径B。进一步地，不同型号的胫骨托假体即指 的是前后径A以及左右径B均不相同的两个或两个以上的胫骨托假体。本申请所述的“直面”或“直线”并非数学意义上的直面或直线，而是指工程意义上的满足一定误差要求的直面或直线。另外，可以理解的是，上述针对第一侧面14、第二侧面15的几何特征的描述，是基于其在水平面上的投影(如图1中所示)，下述对第一基准面21以及第二基准面22的描述亦然。
进一步地，如图1所示，每个胫骨托假体还均设有第一基准面21以及第二基准面22。第二基准面22与第一基准面21相交，例如，第二基准面22与第一基准面21相垂直设置。当不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一基准面21对齐并且第二基准面22互相对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱重合并且龙骨13重合。换而言之，在同一个胫骨托假体组内，无论胫骨托假体的前后径A以及左右径B增大还是减小，胫骨托假体的立柱与龙骨13相对于第一基准面21以及第二基准面22的位置均不改变。
在现有技术中，由于考虑到胫骨托假体的固定稳定性问题，传统的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨位置随胫骨托假体的型号变化而变化。此外，由于从理论上来说，立柱与龙骨相对间距越大，固定稳定越好，因此传统的胫骨托假体的立柱与龙骨之间的距离随胫骨托假体的型号的增大而增大。
然而，发明人通过有限元分析惊讶地发现，对于同一规格的胫骨托假体，立柱与龙骨的间距在一定范围内变化时，胫骨托固定稳定性并无显著差异。因此，根据本申请的实施例的胫骨托假体组通过保证在不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一基准面21相互对齐并且第二基准面22相互对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨13均能彼此重合，即保证了胫骨托假体的立柱与龙骨13相对于第一基准面21以及第二基准面22的位置不随胫骨托假体的尺寸改变而变化，来使得能够在替换不同型号的胫骨托假体时无需对患者的胫骨的截骨面进行重新开立柱孔以及龙骨槽等处理，从而避免了原本已经存在的立柱孔和龙骨槽破坏新的立柱孔和龙骨槽的完整性的问题，提高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小了胫骨托假体松动的发生概率。同时，无需重新开立柱孔以及龙骨槽也提高了手术操作效率，缩短了手术时间，降低了患者感染的发生概率。
进一步地，参见图1，在同一胫骨托假体组内，不同型号的胫骨托假体的左右径B随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大，并且不同型号的胫骨托假体的每个立柱与龙骨13之间的间距保持为定值，这类定值可称为第一类定值。不同型号的胫骨托假体的每个立柱与第一基准面21之间的间距也保持为定值，这类定值可称为第二类定值。不同型号的胫骨托假体的各个立柱与第二基准面22之间的间距也保持为定值，这类定值可称为第三类定值。其中，每个立柱 与龙骨13之间的间距指的是从水平面上看所述每个立柱的中心到龙骨13的几何中心的距离。而每个立柱与第一基准面21之间的间距指的是所述每个立柱的中心到第一基准面21的垂直距离，同理，每个立柱与第二基准面22的间距指的是所述每个立柱的中心到第二基准面22的垂直距离。通过使不同型号的胫骨托假体的每个立柱与龙骨13之间的间距、每个立柱与第一基准面21之间的间距以及每个立柱到第二基准面22的间距均保持为定值，从而可实现当不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一基准面21对齐并且第二基准面22对齐时，使不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱与龙骨13均彼此重合。
进一步地，每个胫骨托假体均设有至少两个立柱，并且不同型号的胫骨托假体上相邻两个立柱之间的间距保持为第四类定值。例如，如图1中所示，胫骨托假体设有第一立柱11以及第二立柱12。在同一组胫骨托假体组内的胫骨托假体的第一立柱11与第二立柱12之间的间距C1不随胫骨托假体的前后径A以及左右径B的变化而变化。第一立柱11与第二立柱12之间的间距C1保持为第四类定值，第一立柱11与第一基准面21之间的间距G1保持为第二类定值，第二立柱12与龙骨13之间的间距D1保持为第一类定值，且第一立柱11和第二立柱12分别与第二基准面22之间的间距E1、F1均保持为第三类定值，从而保证各个立柱的相对位置固定，进而避免在替换不同型号的胫骨托假体时对患者的胫骨截骨面进行重新开立柱孔。需要说明的是，胫骨托假体上的立柱不限于上述实施例中的两个，还可以是三个，四个或更多，从而提高胫骨托假体的稳固性。
具体地，参见图1，第一基准面21与第一侧面14相重合。即胫骨托假体以第一侧面14作为第一基准面21，由于第一侧面14为直面，因此以第一侧面14为第一基准面21更便于胫骨托假体组的参数设计。而且在术中更换不同型号的胫骨托假体时，能以第一侧面14作为安装基准，更便于手术操作。
进一步地，胫骨托假体还包括与第一侧面14垂直的后缘直面16。可以理解的是，后缘直面16与胫骨托假体的后端切线重合。在其中一个实施例中，胫骨托假体以后缘直面16作为第二基准面22。通过将后缘直面16作为第二基准面22，在利用相邻型号的胫骨托假体对先前的胫骨托假体进行更换时，无论如何更换，都能保证更换后的胫骨托假体对胫骨后侧皮质的覆盖，由于胫骨后侧区域是膝关节活动过程中的主要承重区域，因此这可保证胫骨后侧皮质骨的覆盖能有效提高胫骨托假体的固定稳定性。进一步地，将后缘直面16作为第二基准面22，还能使立柱到后缘直面16的距离保持为定值。例如，如图1中所示，第一立柱11到后缘直面16的距离E1为第三类定值中的定值，第二立柱12到后缘直面16的距离F1为第三类定值中的定 值。在另一些实施例中，胫骨托假体也可以不包括后缘直面16。即胫骨托假体的后端全部为弧线，此时第二基准面22与胫骨托假体的后端切线重合，即，以垂直于第一侧面14的延伸方向且与胫骨托假体的后端相切的直线为第二基准面22。也就是说，当后缘直面16作为第二基准面22或者以垂直于第一侧面14的延伸方向且与胫骨托假体的后端相切的直线为第二基准面22时，胫骨托假体的立柱到后缘直面16的距离保持为定值。
进一步地，参见图4，在另一个实施例中，胫骨托假体可以以胫骨托假体的正中冠状面作为第二基准面22。即第二基准面22与胫骨托假体的正中冠状面重合。其中，胫骨托假体的正中冠状面为经过胫骨托假体的前后中心线的冠状面，即正中冠状面到胫骨托假体的前端切线和到胫骨托假体的后端切线的垂直距离相等。进一步地，当以胫骨托假体的正中冠状面作为第二基准面22时，每个立柱到第二基准面22的间距依旧保持为第三类定值，但立柱与后缘直面16或后端切线之间的间距随胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，并且相邻型号的胫骨托假体的立柱到后缘直面16的间距的变化量可以为前后径A的变化量的一半。需要说明的是，第一基准面21和第二基准面22的选择与假体安装方法有关，并且不限于上文所举实施例，可根据情况自主选择。例如，第一基准面21也可以与假体的正中矢状面重合等等。
进一步地，本申请的一实施例还提供一种胫骨托假体系列。具体地，胫骨托假体系列包括至少两组如上任一实施例的胫骨托假体组。不同组的胫骨托假体的左右径B随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大，不同组的胫骨托假体的立柱与龙骨13之间的间距随胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，不同组的胫骨托假体的立柱与第一基准面21之间的间距随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大。不同组的胫骨托假体的立柱与第二基准面22之间的间距可随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大。
具体地，参见图5，图5为根据本申请一实施例的胫骨托假体系列中各型号胫骨托假体的结构参数示例表。在本实施例中，每个胫骨托假体均以第一侧面14作为第一基准面21，并以后缘直面16作为第二基准面22。并且每个胫骨托假体均设有两个立柱，分别为第一立柱11以及第二立柱12。其中胫骨托假体的结构参数包括前后径A、左右径B、第一立柱11与第二立柱12之间的间距C1、第二立柱12与龙骨13的间距D1、第一立柱11到后缘直面16(即第二基准面22)的距离E1、第二立柱12与后缘直面16(即第二基准面22)的距离F1以及第一立柱11与第一侧面14(即第一基准面21)的距离G1。
具体地，如图5所示，胫骨托假体系列包括四组胫骨托假体组。每组胫骨托假体组均包括三个相邻型号的胫骨托假体。在同一组胫骨托假体组内，不同型号的胫骨托假体的左右径B 随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大，但不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一立柱11与第二立柱12的间距C1、第二立柱12与龙骨13之间的间距D1、第一立柱11到后缘直面16的距离E1、第二立柱12与后缘直面16的距离F1以及第一立柱11与第一侧面14的距离G1均保持不变，从而当同一组胫骨托假体组内的不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一基准面21对齐并且第二基准面22对齐时，胫骨托假体的第一立柱11、第二立柱12以及龙骨13均能完全重合，进而实现在术中同组胫骨托假体的互换，而无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理。
进一步地，继续参见图5，不同组的胫骨托假体的左右径B随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大，并且不同组的胫骨托假体的第一立柱11与第二立柱12的间距C1、第二立柱12与龙骨13的间距D1、第一立柱11到后缘直面16的距离E1、第二立柱12与后缘直面16的距离F1以及第一立柱11与第一侧面14的距离G1均随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大。例如，在其中一个实施例中，图5中的1-4组中各组的胫骨托假体的第一立柱11与第二立柱12的间距C1分别为11.9mm、14.1mm、16.0mm、17.8mm，均随相应的胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大，其他参数同理，在此不做赘述。
当一个胫骨托假体系列包含有较多型号的胫骨托假体，且胫骨托假体的尺寸跨度较大时，如若所有型号的胫骨托假体均采用相同的第一立柱11与第二立柱12的间距C1、第二立柱12与龙骨13的间距D1、第一立柱11到后缘直面16的距离E1、第二立柱12与后缘直面16的距离F1以及第一立柱11与第一侧面14的距离G1可能会导致最小号的胫骨托假体或最大号的胫骨托假体的稳定性得不到保障。此外，医生在更换先前的胫骨托假体时，通常只是利用相邻型号的胫骨托假体来更换所述先前的胫骨托假体，因此，本申请的胫骨托假体系列通过将型号尺寸跨度较大的多个胫骨托假体分为至少两个胫骨托假体组，来使得在术中处于同一组的胫骨托假体能被互换，且无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理。具体地，在本申请的实施例中，将一定范围内的相邻型号的胫骨托假体作为一组胫骨托假体组，在同一组胫骨托假体组内，使不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一立柱11与第二立柱12的间距C1、第二立柱12与龙骨13的间距D1、第一立柱11到后缘直面16的距离E1、第二立柱12与后缘直面16的距离F1以及第一立柱11与第一侧面14的距离G1均保持不变，这既使得同一组的不同型号的胫骨托假体能够具有互换性，又保证了不同组内尺寸跨度较大的胫骨托假体的各自稳定性。
进一步地，为了验证本申请的胫骨托假体系列的各型号的胫骨托假体的稳定性与传统的胫骨托假体的稳定性无明显差异性，发明人还做了相关的有限元分析。具体地，参见图6以及图7，图6为传统的胫骨托假体系列的各型号胫骨托假体的结构参数示例表，图7为传统的胫骨 托假体的立柱和龙骨和本申请的一实施例的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨13的相对位置差的示意表，从图7的表中可看出型号1的相对位置差最大，因此分别对传统的型号1的胫骨托假体以及本实施例的型号1的胫骨托假体的稳定性进行有限元分析。
具体地，稳定性分析包括剪切稳定性分析和旋转稳定性分析。剪切稳定性分析方法为模拟胫骨托假体被用骨水泥固定到松质骨上，并在胫骨托假体的几何中心施加1000N的前后方向的剪切力，计算胫骨托假体的水平位移。旋转稳定性分析方法为模拟胫骨托假体被用骨水泥固定到松质骨上，并在胫骨托假体几何中心施加内外方向5Nm的扭矩，计算胫骨托假体的旋转位移。经过有限元分析，分析结果如下：在1000N的水平方向剪切力作用下，传统的型号1胫骨托假体的最大平动位移为79.98微米，在5Nm的旋转扭转作用下，传统的型号1胫骨托假体的最大旋转位移为17.07微米。在同样的水平剪切力及旋转扭矩作用下，根据本申请的型号1的胫骨托假体的最大平动位移和旋转位移分别为78.28微米和17.27微米，分析结果表明，两种不同设计方案的胫骨托假体稳定性并无显著性差异。
进一步，参见图8，图8为本申请另一实施例的胫骨托假体系列中各胫骨托假体的结构参数示例表。在本实施例中，每个胫骨托假体均以第一侧面14作为第一基准面21，以后胫骨托假体的正中冠状面作为第二基准面22。并且每个胫骨托假体均设有两个立柱，分别为第一立柱11以及第二立柱12。其中胫骨托假体的结构参数包括前后径A、左右径B、第一立柱11与第二立柱12之间的间距C2、第二立柱12与龙骨13之间的间距D2、第一立柱11到后缘直面16的距离E2、第二立柱12与后缘直面16的距离F2以及第一立柱11与第一侧面14(即第一基准面21)的距离G2。
具体地，如图8中所示，胫骨托假体系列包括四组胫骨托假体组，每组胫骨托假体组均包括三个相邻型号的胫骨托假体。在同一组胫骨托假体组内，不同型号的胫骨托假体的左右径B随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大，第一立柱11到后缘直面16的距离E2以及第二立柱12与后缘直面16的距离F2随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大，并且E2以及F2的变化量为前后径A的变化量的一半。但不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一立柱11与第二立柱12之间的间距C2、第二立柱12与龙骨13之间的间距D2以及第一立柱11与第一侧面14的距离G2均保持不变，从而当同一组胫骨托假体组内的不同型号的胫骨托假体的第一基准面21对齐并且第二基准面22对齐时，胫骨托假体的第一立柱11、第二立柱12以及龙骨13均能完全彼此重合，进而实现在术中同组胫骨托假体的互换，而无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理。
进一步地，继续参见图8，不同组的胫骨托假体的左右径B随胫骨托假体的前后径A增 大而增大，并且不同组的胫骨托假体的第一立柱11与第二立柱12之间的间距C2、第二立柱12与龙骨13之间的间距D2、第一立柱11到后缘直面16的距离E2、第二立柱12与后缘直面16的距离F2以及第一立柱11与第一侧面14的距离G2均随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大。例如，如图8的表中所示，图8的1-4组中各组的胫骨托假体的第一立柱11与第二立柱12的间距C2分别为11.9mm、14.1mm、16.0mm、17.8mm，均随胫骨托假体的前后径A增大而增大，其他参数同理，在此不做赘述。
同样对本实施例的胫骨托假体系列中各型号的胫骨托假体进行稳定性分析。具体地，参见图9，图9为传统的胫骨托假体立柱和龙骨与根据本申请另一实施例的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨13的相对位置差的示意表。从图9的表中可看出，传统的型号1的胫骨托假体立柱和龙骨与根据本申请的另一实施例的型号1的胫骨托假体的立柱以及龙骨13的相对位置差最大，并且该相对位置差小于图7中的传统的型号1的胫骨托假体的立柱以及龙骨与根据本申请的一实施例的型号1的胫骨托假体的立柱以及龙骨13的相对位置差，由此可合理推断这样的相对位置差也不会对胫骨托假体稳定性造成影响。
上述胫骨托假体系列将型号尺寸跨度较大的多个胫骨托假体分为至少两个胫骨托假体组，从而使得在术中更换同一组不同型号的胫骨托假体时无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理。具体地，处于一定范围内的相邻型号的胫骨托假体被作为一组胫骨托假体组，当在同一组胫骨托假体组内的胫骨托假体的第一基准面21相互对齐并且第二基准面22相互对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨13均能彼此重合，这既使得同一组的不同型号的胫骨托假体能够具有互换性，又保证了不同组内尺寸跨度较大的胫骨托假体的各自稳定性。
需要说明的是，胫骨托假体系列中所包含的胫骨托假体组的组数不限于上述四组，可根据实际需求增加或减少胫骨托假体组的组数。并且每组胫骨托假体组内所包含的胫骨托假体的数量也不限于三个。例如，在另外的实施例中，胫骨托假体系列可包括12组胫骨托假体组，每个胫骨托假体组又包含大、中、小三个型号的胫骨托假体，其中，12组胫骨托假体组内的中型号的胫骨托假体的结构参数分别参照图6中传统的胫骨托假1-12号胫骨托假体的结构参数来设计。而各组的大号与小号的胫骨托假体的结构参数除了前后径A以及左右径B有所增减外，其余胫骨托假体的立柱与龙骨13之间的间距、立柱与第一基准面21的之间间距、立柱与第二基准面22之间的间距均保持不变，如此对于传统的12种型号的胫骨托假体均有对应的大一号或小一号的胫骨托假体能与之互换，且无需对胫骨的截骨面进行重新处理。
进一步地，本申请一实施例还提供一种胫骨假体，胫骨假体包括上述任一实施例的胫骨托 假体系列以及用于与胫骨托假体相配合的胫骨衬垫。进一步地，参见图3，每一个胫骨托假体均具有与远端面10相对的近端面30。近端面30上设有用于与胫骨衬垫相配合的配合部，配合部依据不同类型的单髁假体具有不同的特征，如对于活动平台单髁假体，胫骨托假体的配合部为光滑平面，胫骨托假体与胫骨衬垫间无机械连接，从而可使得胫骨衬垫能在胫骨托假体的近端面30上自由运动。而对于固定平台单髁假体，胫骨托假体的配合部为凹槽31。凹槽31的边缘设有凸缘。凹槽31的凸缘通过卡扣连接方式与胫骨衬垫进行锁合，从而保证胫骨衬垫2与胫骨托假体的锁定稳定性。需要说明的是，只要能保证与胫骨衬垫的卡扣连接可靠性，凹槽31可以采用任何形状，如梯形、矩形或其它类型的不规则形状等。
上述胫骨假体采用了前述的胫骨托假体系列，胫骨托假体系列将型号尺寸跨度较大的多个胫骨托假体分为至少两个胫骨托假体组，将一定范围内的相邻型号的胫骨托假体作为一组胫骨托假体组，并且保证在同一组胫骨托假体组内的胫骨托假体的第一基准面21相互对齐并且第二基准面22相互对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨13均能彼此重合，从而实现在术中更换同一组不同型号的胫骨托假体时无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理，提高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小胫骨托假体松动发生概率。同时提高了手术操作效率，减小了手术时间，降低了患者感染的发生概率。
进一步地，本申请的一实施例还提供一种膝关节系统，具体地，膝关节系统包括上述任一实施例的胫骨假体以及股骨假体。其中胫骨假体又包括胫骨托假体以及胫骨衬垫，股骨假体用于置换股骨远端病变骨组织，胫骨托假体用于置换胫骨近端病变骨组织，胫骨衬垫用于替换半月板以达到降低摩擦磨损的目的。
上述膝关节系统采用了前述的胫骨托假体系列，胫骨托假体系列将型号尺寸跨度较大的多个胫骨托假体分为至少两个胫骨托假体组，将一定范围内的相邻型号的胫骨托假体作为一组胫骨托假体组，并且保证在同一组胫骨托假体组内的胫骨托假体的第一基准面21相互对齐并且第二基准面22相互对齐时，不同型号的胫骨托假体的立柱和龙骨13均能彼此重合，从而实现在术中更换同一组不同型号的胫骨托假体时无需对胫骨截骨面重新进行处理，提高了胫骨托假体的固定稳定性，减小胫骨托假体松动发生概率。同时提高了手术操作效率，减小了手术时间，降低了患者感染的发生概率。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种胫骨托假体组，其特征在于，包括至少两个型号不同胫骨托假体，每个所述胫骨托假体均设有用于与胫骨连接的立柱以及龙骨，每个所述胫骨托假体还均设有第一基准面以及第二基准面，所述第二基准面与所述第一基准面相交，当不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述第一基准面对齐并且所述第二基准面对齐时，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱重合并且所述龙骨重合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的胫骨托假体组，其特征在于，每个所述胫骨托假体均具有前后径以及左右径，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的左右径随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱与所述龙骨的间距保持为第一类定值，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱与所述第一基准面的间距保持为第二类定值，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱到所述第二基准面的间距保持为第三类定值。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的胫骨托假体组，其特征在于，每个所述胫骨托假体均设有至少两个立柱，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体内的相邻两个立柱之间的间距保持为第四类定值。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的胫骨托假体组，其特征在于，每个所述胫骨托假体具有相对设置的第一侧面以及第二侧面，所述第一侧面为直面，所述第二侧面为曲面，所述第一基准面与所述第一侧面重合，所述第二基准面与所述第一基准面垂直。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的胫骨托假体组，其特征在于，所述第二基准面与所述胫骨托假体的后端切线重合。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的胫骨托假体组，其特征在于，所述胫骨托假体还包括后缘直面，所述第二基准面与后缘直面重合。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的胫骨托假体组，其特征在于，所述第二基准面与所述胫骨托假体的正中冠状面重合。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的胫骨托假体组，其特征在于，所述立柱到所述胫骨托假体的后端切线的间距随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，并且相邻型号的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱到所述胫骨托假体的后端切线的间距的变化量为所述前后径的变化量的一半。
  9. 一种胫骨托假体系列，其特征在于，包括至少两组如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的胫骨托假体组，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的左右径随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱与所述龙骨之间的间距随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱与所述第一基准面之间的间距随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的骨托假体系列，其特征在于，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的所述立柱到所述胫骨托假体的后缘直面之间的距离随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的骨托假体系列，其特征在于，每组胫骨托假体组包括至少两个相邻型号的胫骨托假体，在同一组所述胫骨托假体组内，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的左右径随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的骨托假体系列，其特征在于，在同一组所述胫骨托假体组内，每个所述胫骨托假体包括至少两个立柱，不同型号的所述胫骨托假体的立柱与立柱之间的间距、立柱与龙骨之间的间距、立柱到后缘直面的距离及立柱与第一侧面的距离均保持不变。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的骨托假体系列，其特征在于，每个所述胫骨托假体包括至少两个立柱，不同组的所述胫骨托假体的立柱与立柱之间的间距、立柱到后缘直面的距离均随所述胫骨托假体的前后径增大而增大。
  14. 一种胫骨假体，其特征在于，包括如权利要求9至13中任一项所述的胫骨托假体系列以及用于与所述胫骨托假体相配合的胫骨衬垫。
  15. 一种膝关节系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求14所述的胫骨假体以及股骨假体。
PCT/CN2021/087218 2020-06-05 2021-04-14 膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组 WO2021244150A1 (zh)

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CN111772887A (zh) * 2020-06-05 2020-10-16 苏州微创关节医疗科技有限公司 膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组

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CN1137882A (zh) * 1994-12-30 1996-12-18 Jbs有限公司 膝关节假肢
WO2004016204A1 (fr) * 2002-08-15 2004-02-26 La Fondation De Soutien De L'hopital Orthopedique De La Suisse Romande Prothese de genou
CN103153237A (zh) * 2010-07-24 2013-06-12 捷迈有限公司 用于膝部假体的非对称胫骨部件
CN106163454A (zh) * 2013-12-17 2016-11-23 德普伊(爱尔兰)有限公司 薄型活动/固定的假体膝系统
EP3254645A1 (fr) * 2016-06-10 2017-12-13 X.Nov IP Sarl Partie tibiale d'une prothèse de genou, notamment unicompartimentaire, comportant un plateau tibial
CN110786969A (zh) * 2019-10-28 2020-02-14 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 胫骨平台托和应用其的单髁膝关节假体
CN111772887A (zh) * 2020-06-05 2020-10-16 苏州微创关节医疗科技有限公司 膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组

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US5226915A (en) * 1992-04-03 1993-07-13 Bertin Kim C Femoral prosthesis component system for knee replacement surgery
CN1137882A (zh) * 1994-12-30 1996-12-18 Jbs有限公司 膝关节假肢
WO2004016204A1 (fr) * 2002-08-15 2004-02-26 La Fondation De Soutien De L'hopital Orthopedique De La Suisse Romande Prothese de genou
CN103153237A (zh) * 2010-07-24 2013-06-12 捷迈有限公司 用于膝部假体的非对称胫骨部件
CN106163454A (zh) * 2013-12-17 2016-11-23 德普伊(爱尔兰)有限公司 薄型活动/固定的假体膝系统
EP3254645A1 (fr) * 2016-06-10 2017-12-13 X.Nov IP Sarl Partie tibiale d'une prothèse de genou, notamment unicompartimentaire, comportant un plateau tibial
CN110786969A (zh) * 2019-10-28 2020-02-14 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 胫骨平台托和应用其的单髁膝关节假体
CN111772887A (zh) * 2020-06-05 2020-10-16 苏州微创关节医疗科技有限公司 膝关节系统、胫骨假体、胫骨托假体系列及胫骨托假体组

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