WO2021233285A1 - 电子设备 - Google Patents

电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021233285A1
WO2021233285A1 PCT/CN2021/094334 CN2021094334W WO2021233285A1 WO 2021233285 A1 WO2021233285 A1 WO 2021233285A1 CN 2021094334 W CN2021094334 W CN 2021094334W WO 2021233285 A1 WO2021233285 A1 WO 2021233285A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
stubs
frequency band
group
electronic device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/094334
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
付星
Original Assignee
维沃移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 维沃移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 维沃移动通信有限公司
Priority to KR1020227043619A priority Critical patent/KR20230011993A/ko
Priority to JP2022570270A priority patent/JP2023525591A/ja
Priority to EP21808239.4A priority patent/EP4142051A4/en
Publication of WO2021233285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021233285A1/zh
Priority to US17/990,590 priority patent/US20230082661A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
    • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
    • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
    • H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the embodiment of the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an electronic device.
  • the electronic device In the fourth generation mobile communication technology (4G) and the fifth generation mobile networks (5th generation mobile networks, 5th generation wireless systems, or 5th-Generation, 5G), multiple inputs and multiple outputs (multiple inputs) are used. -in multiple-out, MIMO)
  • MIMO multiple-out
  • the electronic device In order to increase the speed, the electronic device is required to have multiple antennas.
  • the Sub 6G frequency band that is, the 5G communication frequency band, such as: N77, N78, N79, N1, N41 and other frequency bands.
  • the requirements are continuously reduced.
  • the design space of the antenna poses greater challenges to both the antenna layout and the antenna scheme design.
  • the multi-frequency Sub 6G antenna is designed. Due to the antenna space limitation, the distance between the antennas is too close. When the working frequencies of the antennas are close, the radiating arm It is easy to influence each other, not easy to tune, and affect the communication effect of electronic equipment.
  • the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an electronic device that can solve the problem that the internal space of the existing electronic device is limited, and the antennas of different frequency bands interfere with each other, resulting in poor communication effect of the electronic device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module including a plurality of antenna branches
  • a common feed structure is arranged between the plurality of antenna branches
  • the multiple antenna stubs are divided into a first group of antenna stubs and a second group of antenna stubs;
  • the first group of antenna stubs and the second group of antenna stubs respectively correspond to different communication frequency bands
  • the common feeding structure and the first group of antenna stubs are arranged in a non-metallic area on the inner surface of the housing of the electronic device, and the second group of antenna stubs are arranged in a non-metal area on the outer surface of the housing of the electronic device .
  • the antenna stubs of the second group are folded to a position that is not coplanar with the antenna stubs of the first group to form a three-dimensional arrangement of antenna stubs, and multiple communication frequency bands are realized in a limited space by means of spatial multiplexing. Covering, avoiding mutual interference between antennas of different frequency bands, and improving the communication effect of electronic devices.
  • FIG. 1 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of an antenna module of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • 2a is the second structural diagram of the antenna module of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application.
  • 2b is the third structural diagram of the antenna module of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • 2c is the fourth structural diagram of the antenna module of the electronic device provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of antenna return loss provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of antenna efficiency provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the antenna module of the electronic device includes a plurality of antenna branches 2;
  • a common feed structure 1 is set between multiple antenna branches 2;
  • the multiple antenna stubs 2 are divided into a first group of antenna stubs 21 and a second group of antenna stubs 22;
  • the common feed structure 1 and the first group of antenna stubs 21 are arranged in the non-metallic area on the inner surface of the housing of the electronic device, and the second group of antenna stubs 22 are arranged in the non-metallic area on the outer surface of the housing of the electronic device, that is, the second group of antenna stubs. 22 is folded to be not coplanar with the first antenna stub 21; it should be noted that a part of the electronic device housing is made of non-metallic materials for antenna wiring, and non-metallic materials can avoid the radiation performance of the antenna stubs. Make an impact. The other part of the electronic device housing can be made of metal material to improve the structural strength and use feel of the electronic device.
  • the first group of antenna stubs 21 and the second group of antenna stubs 22 respectively correspond to different communication frequency bands.
  • the common feed structure 1 extends outwardly with a plurality of antenna stubs 2.
  • the plurality of antenna stubs 2 are divided into a first group of antenna stubs 21 and a second group of antenna stubs 22, wherein the first group of antenna stubs 21 may include one or more antenna stubs, and the second group of antenna stubs 22 may also include one or more antenna stubs.
  • the number is not specifically limited.
  • the second group of antenna stubs 22 are folded to a position that is not coplanar with the first group of antenna stubs 21, realizing spatial multiplexing.
  • the first group of antenna stubs 21 and the second group of antenna stubs 22 respectively correspond to different communication frequency bands. Cover multiple frequency bands of 5G in a compact space, such as N1 (2110MHz-2170MHz), N41 (2515MHz-2675MHz), N78 (3400MHz-3600MHz), N79 (4800MHz-5000MHz) and other frequency bands.
  • the antenna stubs of the second group are folded to a position that is not coplanar with the antenna stubs of the first group to form a three-dimensional arrangement of antenna stubs, and multiple communication frequency bands are realized in a limited space by means of spatial multiplexing. Covering, avoiding mutual interference between antennas of different frequency bands, and improving the communication effect of electronic devices.
  • the above-mentioned antenna modules are applied to electronic devices, such as mobile phones, tablet computers, smart wearable devices, and so on.
  • the first group of antenna stubs 21 can be arranged on the inner side of the housing of the electronic device, such as the inner side of the bracket of a plastic machine
  • the second set of antenna branches 22 are arranged on the outer surface of the housing of the electronic device, such as the appearance surface of a plastic machine, that is, part of the branches is routed on the inner surface of the bracket, and the other part is routed on the outer surface of the bracket by folding or perforating. So as to realize the spatial multiplexing of the antenna module.
  • first group of antenna stubs 21 and the second group of antenna stubs 22 are respectively disposed on the inner surface of the housing of the electronic device and the outer surface of the housing of the electronic device. Therefore, one or more of the first group of antenna stubs 21 include The antenna stubs are located on the first plane or arc (depending on the shape of the inner surface of the electronic device housing), and one or more antenna stubs included in the second group of antenna stubs 22 are located on the second plane or arc (depending on the electronic device’s The shape of the outer surface of the housing).
  • the above-mentioned antenna module can be realized by using different processes.
  • the flexible printed circuit (FPC) process is adopted, that is, the common feed structure 1 and the multiple antenna branches 2 are FPC.
  • the laser direct structuring (LDS) process is adopted, that is, the common feed structure 1 and the multiple antenna stubs 2 are LDS antennas.
  • each antenna stub in the multiple antenna stubs 2 corresponds to a different communication frequency band.
  • each antenna stub 2 in the antenna module corresponds to a different communication frequency band, thereby achieving coverage of more frequency bands.
  • the communication frequency bands corresponding to the multiple antenna stubs include at least one of the following: N1 frequency band; N41 frequency band; N78 frequency band; N79 frequency band.
  • the first group of antenna stubs 21 includes three antenna stubs: the first antenna stub 201, the second antenna stub 202, the third antenna stub 203, and the second group of antenna stubs 22 Including 1 antenna stub: the fourth antenna stub 204.
  • the physical length of the first antenna stub 201 corresponds to the N1 frequency band
  • the physical length of the second antenna stub 202 corresponds to the N41 frequency band
  • the physical length of the third antenna stub 203 corresponds to the N79 frequency band
  • the physical length of the fourth antenna stub 204 corresponds to the N78 frequency band.
  • the feeding structure 1, the first antenna stub 201, the second antenna stub 202, and the third antenna stub 203 are all on the inner surface of the housing of the electronic device
  • the fourth antenna stub 204 is folded on the outer surface of the housing of the electronic device.
  • each antenna stub corresponds to the communication frequency band.
  • Those skilled in the art can adjust the physical length of each antenna stub according to actual product requirements, so as to adjust the communication frequency band corresponding to each antenna stub. Make adjustments.
  • the communication frequency bands corresponding to the multiple antenna branches include at least one of the following: WIFI 2.4G frequency band; WIFI 5G frequency band.
  • each antenna branch can also be used as a wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WIFI) MIMO antenna, thereby supporting WIFI 2.4G, WIFI 5G and other frequency bands.
  • WIFI wireless Fidelity
  • the two antenna stubs with the shortest distance between the first group of antenna stubs 21 and the second group of antenna stubs 22 have a distance greater than or equal to 0.5 mm in the first direction, and the first direction is The orthographic projection direction of the second group of antenna stubs 22 to the first group of antenna stubs 21.
  • the two antenna stubs with the shortest distance between the first group of antenna stubs 21 and the second group of antenna stubs 22 refer to one antenna stub belonging to the first group of antenna stubs 21 and the antenna stub belonging to the second group of antenna stubs 22
  • the other antenna stub has the shortest straight line distance between the two.
  • the two antenna stubs with the shortest distance are the third antenna stub 203 and the fourth antenna stub 204, respectively.
  • the fourth antenna stub must be guaranteed.
  • the distance between the antenna stub 204 and the third antenna stub 203 in the orthographic projection direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the longer the distance, the higher the frequency band performance achieved by the routing stub in the turning area (ie, the fourth antenna stub 204). Further, considering the extreme appearance requirements of some electronic devices, optionally, the distance D in the first direction satisfies: 0.5mm ⁇ D ⁇ 1.5mm.
  • the plane where the antenna stubs are located may be inclined.
  • the two antenna stubs located inside and outside the housing are parallel and facing each other, the two antenna stubs are in the front.
  • the distance in the projection direction is the distance between the two.
  • the distance between the two antenna stubs can be directly limited to be greater than or equal to 0.5mm. If the two antenna stubs located inside and outside the housing are not parallel and facing each other, The distance between the two antennas is not equal to the distance in the orthographic projection direction, and the distance between the two antenna branches in the orthographic projection direction needs to be limited to greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.
  • the frequency band difference between the communication frequency bands corresponding to the two antenna stubs with the shortest distance is less than a preset threshold, and the distance between the two antenna stubs with the shortest distance in the second direction If it is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the above-mentioned second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, that is, the second direction is perpendicular to the orthographic projection direction of the second group of antenna stubs 22 to the first group of antenna stubs 21, and the second direction may also be referred to as the horizontal direction.
  • the spacing in the horizontal direction in addition to the need to limit the spacing in the orthographic projection direction, the spacing in the horizontal direction also needs to be limited.
  • the two antenna stubs with the shortest distance are the third antenna stub 203 and the fourth antenna stub 204, respectively.
  • the distance between the third antenna stub 203 and the fourth antenna stub 204 in the horizontal direction is When restricting, it is necessary to consider the communication frequency bands corresponding to the third antenna stub 203 and the fourth antenna stub 204.
  • the distance between the third antenna stub 203 and the fourth antenna stub 204 in the second direction is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm.
  • Whether the frequency difference between the above communication frequency bands is less than a preset threshold is used to determine whether the communication frequency bands corresponding to the two antenna stubs with the shortest distance belong to similar frequency bands.
  • the preset threshold can be based on actual product requirements. For setting, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific value of the preset threshold value.
  • the third antenna stub 203 that is routed on the inner side of the housing corresponds to the N78 frequency band
  • the fourth antenna stub 204 that is folded on the outer surface of the housing corresponds to the N41 frequency band.
  • the N78 frequency band and the N41 frequency band are similar frequency bands, then the third The horizontal distance between the antenna stub 203 and the fourth antenna stub 204 is required to be as far away as possible (it needs to be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm) to avoid the mutual influence of the two antenna stubs and prevent the performance of the two frequency bands from degrading.
  • the third antenna stub 203 corresponds to the N78 frequency band
  • the fourth antenna stub 204 that is folded on the outer surface of the housing corresponds to the N1 frequency band.
  • the N78 frequency band and the N1 frequency band are not close to each other.
  • the third antenna branch 203 and the The horizontal spacing of the four antenna stubs 204 may not be limited, that is, the overturned wiring areas are allowed to overlap, and the third antenna stub 203 may be routed in the orthographic projection area of the fourth antenna stub 204.
  • the figures show the structure after spreading the three-dimensional antenna module shown in FIG. 1 into a planar antenna pattern.
  • the dashed line 20 is used to divide the first group of antenna stubs 21 and the second group of antenna stubs 22.
  • One antenna stub in the second group of antenna stubs 22 corresponds to any one of the N1 frequency band, the N41 frequency band, the N78 frequency band, and the N79 frequency band.
  • the three antenna stubs in the first group of antenna stubs 21 respectively correspond to the other three frequency bands in the N1 frequency band, the N41 frequency band, the N78 frequency band, and the N79 frequency band.
  • the part above the dashed line is routed on the inner side of the housing of the electronic device
  • the first group of antenna stubs 21 and the public feed structure 1 is routed on the inner side of the housing of the electronic device
  • the part below the dotted line is the second group of antenna stubs 22 that are routed on the outer surface of the housing of the electronic device.
  • Different connection terminals are provided on structure 1.
  • the common feeding structure 1 is provided with a feeding end 11 and a grounding end 12, and the feeding end 11 Used to connect the matching circuit, which is used to switch the communication frequency band used.
  • IFA inverted F Antenna
  • each antenna stub in order to make each antenna stub an IFA type, it is necessary to provide a feeding terminal 11 and a ground terminal 12 on the common feeding structure 1, wherein the feeding terminal 11 is externally connected to a matching circuit, and the matching circuit can adopt existing Some circuits include capacitors and/or inductances.
  • the matching circuit includes multiple matching sub-circuits corresponding to different antenna branches. Different matching sub-circuits can be switched according to the antenna branch to be used.
  • the specific structure is not limited. In this way, when different communication frequency bands need to be used, the matching circuit can be used to switch between different antenna branches to achieve the multi-frequency coverage requirement of the Sub6G antenna.
  • the common feeding structure 1 is provided with a feeding terminal 11, and the feeding terminal 11 is used for connecting a matching circuit, and the matching circuit is used for switching The antenna stub in the working state among the multiple antenna stubs.
  • each antenna stub in order to make each antenna stub a Monopole type, it is only necessary to provide a feeding terminal 11 on the common feeding structure 1, wherein the feeding terminal 11 is externally connected to a matching circuit, and the matching circuit is used to switch multiple antennas.
  • the matching circuit can use an existing circuit including capacitors and/or inductances.
  • the matching circuit includes multiple matching sub-circuits, corresponding to different antenna stubs, and the antenna stubs used according to needs
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific structure of the matching circuit. In this way, when different communication frequency bands need to be used, the matching circuit can be used to switch between different antenna branches to achieve the multi-frequency coverage requirements of the Sub 6G antenna.
  • the figure shows the planar structure of another antenna module.
  • the difference between the antenna module and the antenna module shown in Figures 1 to 2b is that the first group of antenna branches and the first antenna module
  • the number of antenna stubs included in the two groups of antenna stubs is the same, both of which are 2.
  • the two antenna stubs in the first group of antenna stubs correspond to any two of the N1, N41, N78, and N79 bands.
  • the second The two antenna stubs in the group antenna stub respectively correspond to the other two frequency bands in the N1 frequency band, the N41 frequency band, the N78 frequency band, and the N79 frequency band.
  • the antenna stubs in Figure 2c are of Monopole type, so the feed end 11 is provided on the common feed structure.
  • the antenna modules shown in Figures 1 to 2b please refer to the antenna modules shown in Figures 1 to 2b. The corresponding description of, I won’t repeat it here.
  • FIG. 3 the figure shows the return loss of the antenna using the antenna module in FIG.
  • the figure shows the antenna efficiency of the antenna module in FIG. 1, where the dotted line is radiation efficiency (Radiation Efficiency), and the solid line is system efficiency (Total Radiation Efficiency).
  • the antenna module according to the embodiment of the present application can effectively reduce the antenna return loss and improve the antenna efficiency.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including an antenna module as shown in any one of FIGS. 1 to 2c.
  • the common feeding structure of the antenna module and the first group of antenna stubs are arranged on the inner surface of the housing of the electronic device, and the second group of antenna stubs of the antenna module are arranged on the outer surface of the housing of the electronic device.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电子设备。该电子设备的天线模组，包括：多个天线枝节；多个天线枝节之间设置公共馈电结构；多个天线枝节分为第一组天线枝节和第二组天线枝节；第一组天线枝节和第二组天线枝节分别对应不同的通信频段，公共馈电结构和第一组天线枝节设置在电子设备的壳体内侧面，第二组天线枝节设置在电子设备的壳体外表面。

Description

电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2020年5月20日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.202010429809.1的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种电子设备。
背景技术
在第四代移动通信技术(4th generation mobile communication technology，4G)和第五代移动通信技术(5th generation mobile networks、5th generation wireless systems、或5th-Generation，5G)中，采用多输入多输出(multiple-in multiple-out，MIMO)以提高速率，要求电子设备具有多个天线。在传统的4G频段基础上，增加Sub 6G频段，即5G通信频段，例如：N77、N78、N79、N1、N41等频段，另外，为了实现电子设备的高屏占比以及轻薄化，要求不断缩小天线的设计空间，对天线布局和天线方案设计上都提出了更大的挑战。
针对传统的天线设计方案，在现有的尺寸和极致外观维持不变前提下，设计多频Sub 6G天线，由于天线空间限制，各天线间距过近，当天线的工作频率相临近时，辐射臂之间容易相互影响，不易调谐，影响电子设备的通信效果。
发明内容
本申请实施例的目的是提供一种电子设备，能够解决现有电子设备内部空间受限，不同频段之间的天线相互干扰，导致电子设备的通信效果较差的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请是这样实现的：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种天线模组，包括多个天线枝节；
所述多个天线枝节之间设置公共馈电结构；
所述多个天线枝节分为第一组天线枝节和第二组天线枝节；
所述第一组天线枝节和所述第二组天线枝节分别对应不同的通信频段；
所述公共馈电结构和所述第一组天线枝节设置在所述电子设备的壳体内侧面的非金属区域，所述第二组天线枝节设置在所述电子设备的壳体外表面的非金属区域。
本申请实施例中，通过将第二组天线枝节翻折至与第一组天线枝节不共面的位置，形成天线枝节的立体布置，采用空间复用的方式在有限的空间内实现多通信频段覆盖，避免不同频段之间的天线相互干扰，提升电子设备的通信效果。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的天线模组的结构示意图之一；
图2a为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的天线模组的结构示意图之二；
图2b为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的天线模组的结构示意图之三；
图2c为本申请实施例提供的电子设备的天线模组的结构示意图之四；
图3为本申请实施例提供的天线回波损耗示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的天线效率示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
下面结合附图，通过具体的实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的 天线模组进行详细地说明。
本发明实施例提供一种电子设备，参见图1，该电子设备的天线模组，包括多个天线枝节2；
多个天线枝节2之间设置公共馈电结构1；
多个天线枝节2分为第一组天线枝节21和第二组天线枝节22；
公共馈电结构1和第一组天线枝节21设置在电子设备的壳体内侧面的非金属区域，第二组天线枝节22设置在电子设备的壳体外表面的非金属区域，即第二组天线枝节22翻折至与第一组天线枝节21不共面；需要说明的是，电子设备壳体的一部分区域采用非金属材质，用于天线走线，采用非金属材质可以避免对天线枝节的辐射性能造成影响。电子设备壳体的另一部分区域可以采用金属材质，以提升电子设备的结构强度和使用手感。
第一组天线枝节21和第二组天线枝节22分别对应不同的通信频段。
在本申请实施例中，公共馈电结构1向外延伸出多个天线枝节2，该多个天线枝节2划分为第一组天线枝节21和第二组天线枝节22，其中第一组天线枝节21可以包括一个或多个天线枝节，第二组天线枝节22也可以包括一个或多个天线枝节，即本申请实施例对第一组天线枝节21和第二组天线枝节22中的天线枝节的数量不做具体限定。
第二组天线枝节22翻折至与第一组天线枝节21不共面的位置，实现了空间复用，同时第一组天线枝节21和第二组天线枝节22分别对应不同的通信频段，在紧凑空间下实现覆盖5G的多个频段，例如N1(2110MHz-2170MHz)、N41(2515MHz-2675MHz)、N78(3400MHz-3600MHz)、N79(4800MHz-5000MHz)等频段。
本申请实施例中，通过将第二组天线枝节翻折至与第一组天线枝节不共面的位置，形成天线枝节的立体布置，采用空间复用的方式在有限的空间内实现多通信频段覆盖，避免不同频段之间的天线相互干扰，提升电子设备的通信效果。
在实际应用场景中，将上述天线模组应用于电子设备上，例如：应用于手机、平板电脑、智能穿戴设备等。为实现第二组天线枝节22翻折至与第一组天线枝节21不共面的位置，可以采用将第一组天线枝节21设置在电子设 备的壳体内侧面，例如塑胶机的支架内侧面，将第二组天线枝节22设置在电子设备的壳体外表面，例如塑胶机的外观面，即一部分枝节走线在支架的内侧表面，另一部分通过翻折或打孔走线在支架的外观面，从而实现天线模组的空间复用。
可以理解的是，第一组天线枝节21和第二组天线枝节22分别设置在电子设备的壳体内侧面和电子设备的壳体外表面，因此，第一组天线枝节21所包含的一个或多个天线枝节位于第一平面或弧面(取决于电子设备的壳体内侧面的形状)，第二组天线枝节22所包含的一个或多个天线枝节位于第二平面或弧面(取决于电子设备的壳体外表面的形状)。
需要说明的是，上述天线模组可以采用不同的工艺实现。例如：采用柔性电路板(Flexible Printed Circuit，FPC)工艺，即公共馈电结构1和多个天线枝节2为FPC。又例如：采用激光直接成形(Laser Direct Structuring，LDS)工艺，即公共馈电结构1和多个天线枝节2为LDS天线。
进一步地，上述多个天线枝节2中每个天线枝节的物理长度分别对应不同的通信频段。
在本申请实施例中，通过设置天线枝节2的物理长度，使天线模组中的每个天线枝节2分别对应不同的通信频段，从而实现更多频段的覆盖。
上述多个天线枝节对应的通信频段包括以下至少一项：N1频段；N41频段；N78频段；N79频段。
具体地，在图1示出的场景中，第一组天线枝节21包括3个天线枝节分别为：第一天线枝节201、第二天线枝节202、第三天线枝节203，第二组天线枝节22包括1个天线枝节：第四天线枝节204。
上述第一天线枝节201的物理长度对应N1频段，第二天线枝节202的物理长度对应N41频段，第三天线枝节203的物理长度对应N79频段，第四天线枝节204的物理长度对应N78频段，公共馈电结构1、第一天线枝节201、第二天线枝节202、第三天线枝节203都在电子设备的壳体内侧面，第四天线枝节204通过翻折，走线在电子设备的壳体外表面，通过空间复用，在紧凑空间下实现覆盖多个频段。
需要说明的是，各天线枝节与通信频段之间的对应关系并不固定，本领 域技术人员可以根据实际产品需求，对各天线枝节的物理长度进行调整，从而对各天线枝节所对应的通信频段进行调整。
可选地，上述多个天线枝节对应的通信频段包括以下至少一项：WIFI 2.4G频段；WIFI 5G频段。
在本申请实施例中，各天线枝节也可以作为无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WIFI)MIMO天线使用，从而支持WIFI 2.4G、WIFI 5G等频段。
进一步地，在一些实施方式中，第一组天线枝节21与第二组天线枝节22之间距离最短的两个天线枝节，在第一方向上的间距大于或等于0.5mm，该第一方向为第二组天线枝节22对第一组天线枝节21的正投影方向。
在本申请实施例中，在实现空间复用的同时为避免不共面的天线枝节之间产生干扰，需要对不共面的天线枝节之间的间距进行限制。
上述第一组天线枝节21与第二组天线枝节22之间距离最短的两个天线枝节，指的是属于第一组天线枝节21中的一个天线枝节，以及属于第二组天线枝节22中的另一个天线枝节，两者之间的直线距离最短，具体地，在图1所示场景中，距离最短的两个天线枝节分别为第三天线枝节203和第四天线枝节204，需要保证第四天线枝节204对第三天线枝节203正投影方向上的间距大于或等于0.5mm，距离越远，翻折区域的走线枝节(即第四天线枝节204)实现的频段性能越高。进一步地，考虑到一些电子设备的极致外观要求，可选地，在第一方向上的间距D满足：0.5mm≤D≤1.5mm。
需要说明的是，根据电子设备的外壳的形状，天线枝节所在的平面可能是倾斜的，在此基础上，如果位于壳体内外的两天线枝节相互平行且正对的话，则两天线枝节在正投影方向上的间距即为两者之间的距离，可直接将两天线枝节之间的距离限制为大于或等于0.5mm，如果位于壳体内外的两天线枝节不是相互平行且正对的，两者之间的距离与正投影方向上的间距不相等，则需要将两天线枝节在正投影方向的间距限制为大于或等于0.5mm。
再进一步地，在一些实施方式中，距离最短的两个天线枝节所对应的通信频段之间的频段差值小于预设门限值，该距离最短的两个天线枝节在第二方向上的间距大于或等于0.5mm，该第二方向垂直于第一方向。
上述第二方向垂直于第一方向，即第二方向垂直于第二组天线枝节22对 第一组天线枝节21的正投影方向，该第二方向也可以称为水平方向。
在本申请实施例中，除了需要对正投影方向上的间距进行限制，也需要对水平方向上的间距进行限制。具体地，在图1所示场景中，距离最短的两个天线枝节分别为第三天线枝节203和第四天线枝节204，在对第三天线枝节203和第四天线枝节204水平方向上的间距进行限制时，需要考虑第三天线枝节203和第四天线枝节204所对应的通信频段，如果第三天线枝节203和第四天线枝节204所对应的通信频段之间的频段差值小于预设门限值，则该第三天线枝节203和第四天线枝节204在第二方向上的间距大于或等于0.5mm。
上述通信频段之间的频段差值是否小于预设门限值，用于判断距离最短的两个天线枝节所对应的通信频段是否属于相近频段的情况，该预设门限值可根据实际产品需求进行设置，本申请实施例对该预设门限值的具体数值不做限定。
例如：在壳体内侧面走线的第三天线枝节203对应N78频段，翻折在壳体外观面走线的第四天线枝节204对应N41频段，N78频段与N41频段为相近的频段，那么第三天线枝节203与第四天线枝节204的水平间距要求尽量远离(需要大于或等于0.5mm)，避免两个天线枝节相互影响，防止两个频段性能变差。又例如：第三天线枝节203对应N78频段，翻折在壳体外观面走线的第四天线枝节204对应N1频段，N78频段与N1频段为不相近的频段，那么第三天线枝节203与第四天线枝节204的水平间距可以不做限定，即外翻的走线区域允许重合，第三天线枝节203可以在第四天线枝节204的正投影区域内走线。
参见图2a和图2b，图中示出了将图1所示的立体天线模组铺展为平面天线图形后的结构。其中，虚线20用于划分第一组天线枝节21和第二组天线枝节22，第二组天线枝节22中的一个天线枝节对应N1频段、N41频段、N78频段、N79频段中的任意一个频段，第一组天线枝节21中的三个天线枝节分别对应N1频段、N41频段、N78频段、N79频段中的另外三个频段，具体地，虚线以上的部分为在电子设备的壳体内侧面走线的第一组天线枝节21和公共馈电结构1，虚线以下的部分为在电子设备的壳体外表面走线的第二 组天线枝节22，根据多个天线枝节2的类型不同，需要在公共馈电结构1上设置不同的连接端。
具体地，参见图2a，在多个天线枝节2为倒F天线(Inverted F Antenna，IFA)类型的情况下，公共馈电结构1上设置馈电端11和接地端12，该馈电端11用于连接匹配电路，该匹配电路用于切换使用的通信频段。
在本申请实施例中，为使各天线枝节为IFA类型，需要在公共馈电结构1上设置馈电端11和接地端12，其中馈电端11对外连接匹配电路，该匹配电路可以采用现有的包括电容和/或电感的电路，该匹配电路中包括多条匹配子电路，分别对应不同的天线枝节，根据需要使用的天线枝节切换不同的匹配子电路，本申请实施例对匹配电路的具体结构不做限定。这样在需要使用不同的通信频段时，可以通过匹配电路来切换使用不同的天线枝节，实现Sub6G天线的多频覆盖需求。
参见图2b，在多个天线枝节为单极子(Monopole)类型的情况下，公共馈电结构1上设置馈电端11，该馈电端11用于连接匹配电路，该匹配电路用于切换多个天线枝节中处于工作状态的天线枝节。
在本申请实施例中，为使各天线枝节为Monopole类型，只需要在公共馈电结构1上设置馈电端11，其中馈电端11对外连接匹配电路，该匹配电路用于切换多个天线枝节中处于工作状态的天线枝节，该匹配电路可以采用现有的包括电容和/或电感的电路，该匹配电路中包括多条匹配子电路，分别对应不同的天线枝节，根据需要使用的天线枝节切换不同的匹配子电路，本申请实施例对匹配电路的具体结构不做限定。这样在需要使用不同的通信频段时，可以通过匹配电路来切换使用不同的天线枝节，实现Sub 6G天线的多频覆盖需求。
参见图2c，图中示出另一种天线模组的平面结构，该天线模组与图1至图2b所示的天线模组的区别在于，该天线模组的第一组天线枝节和第二组天线枝节中包含的天线枝节的数量相同，均为2个，第一组天线枝节中的两个天线枝节对应N1频段、N41频段、N78频段、N79频段中的任意两个频段，第二组天线枝节中的两个天线枝节分别对应N1频段、N41频段、N78频段、N79频段中的另外两个频段。图2c中的各天线枝节为Monopole类型，因此 在公共馈电结构上设置馈电端11，至于其他结构特征以及天线枝节之间的间距限制可以参照图1至图2b所示的天线模组中的相应描述，在此不再赘述。
参见图3，图中示出采用图1中的天线模组的天线回波损耗，其中虚线为为回波损耗示意曲线，实现为史密斯原图。
参见图4，图中示出采用图1中的天线模组的天线效率，其中虚线为辐射效率(Radiation Efficiency)，实线为系统效率(Total radiation Efficiency)。
结合图3、图4可以发现，采用本申请实施例的天线模组可有效减少天线回波损耗，并提高天线效率。
本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，包括如图1至图2c任一项所示的天线模组。
具体地，天线模组的公共馈电结构和第一组天线枝节设置在电子设备的壳体内侧面，天线模组的第二组天线枝节设置在电子设备的壳体外表面。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外，需要指出的是，本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能，还可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能，例如，可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法，并且还可以添加、省去、或组合各种步骤。另外，参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电子设备，包括天线模组，其中，所述天线模组包括多个天线枝节；
    所述多个天线枝节之间设置公共馈电结构；
    所述多个天线枝节分为第一组天线枝节和第二组天线枝节；
    所述第一组天线枝节和所述第二组天线枝节分别对应不同的通信频段；
    所述公共馈电结构和所述第一组天线枝节设置在所述电子设备的壳体内侧面的非金属区域，所述第二组天线枝节设置在所述电子设备的壳体外表面的非金属区域。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，
    所述多个天线枝节中每个天线枝节的物理长度分别对应不同的通信频段。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备，其中，
    所述第一组天线枝节与所述第二组天线枝节之间距离最短的两个天线枝节，在第一方向上的间距大于或等于0.5mm，所述第一方向为所述第二组天线枝节对所述第一组天线枝节的正投影方向。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电子设备，其中，
    所述距离最短的两个天线枝节所对应的通信频段之间的频段差值小于预设门限值，所述距离最短的两个天线枝节在第二方向上的间距大于或等于0.5mm，所述第二方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备，其中，
    在所述多个天线枝节为倒F天线的情况下，所述公共馈电结构上设置馈电端和接地端，所述馈电端连接匹配电路。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备，其中，
    在所述多个天线枝节为单极子Monopole天线类型的情况下，所述公共馈电结构上设置馈电端，所述馈电端连接匹配电路。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备，其中，所述多个天线枝节对应的通信频段包括以下至少一项：
    N1频段；
    N41频段；
    N78频段；
    N79频段。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备，其中，所述多个天线枝节对应的通信频段包括以下至少一项：
    WIFI 2.4G频段；
    WIFI 5G频段。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，
    所述第二组天线枝节中的一个天线枝节对应N1频段、N41频段、N78频段、N79频段中的任意一个频段，所述第一组天线枝节中的三个天线枝节分别对应N1频段、N41频段、N78频段、N79频段中的另外三个频段。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，
    所述第一组天线枝节中的两个天线枝节对应N1频段、N41频段、N78频段、N79频段中的任意两个频段，所述第二组天线枝节中的两个天线枝节分别对应N1频段、N41频段、N78频段、N79频段中的另外两个频段。
PCT/CN2021/094334 2020-05-20 2021-05-18 电子设备 WO2021233285A1 (zh)

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JP2023525591A (ja) 2023-06-16
CN111555018A (zh) 2020-08-18

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