WO2021233191A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021233191A1
WO2021233191A1 PCT/CN2021/093513 CN2021093513W WO2021233191A1 WO 2021233191 A1 WO2021233191 A1 WO 2021233191A1 CN 2021093513 W CN2021093513 W CN 2021093513W WO 2021233191 A1 WO2021233191 A1 WO 2021233191A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
report
network device
handover
information
communication
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/093513
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
严乐
耿婷婷
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to BR112022023655A priority Critical patent/BR112022023655A2/pt
Priority to JP2022570649A priority patent/JP7490824B2/ja
Priority to EP21809637.8A priority patent/EP4149162A4/en
Publication of WO2021233191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021233191A1/zh
Priority to US17/990,449 priority patent/US20230077387A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0079—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link in case of hand-off failure or rejection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H04W36/0033—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection with transfer of context information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0064—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of control information between different access points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
    • H04W36/144—Reselecting a network or an air interface over a different radio air interface technology

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • MRO mobility robustness optimization
  • a communication method and device in the embodiments of the present application are used to provide a reporting mechanism for reporting failure related parameters when a terminal device switches between cross-standard network devices, so as to reduce the complexity of the implementation of the receiving node of the report. Increase the efficiency of network operation.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which may be executed by a terminal device, or may be executed by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) configured in the terminal device.
  • a component such as a chip or a circuit
  • the terminal device Take this method as an example for description.
  • the method may include: a terminal device fails to switch during an attempt to switch from a source network device to a target network device, the source network device and the target network device are network devices that use different communication standards; the terminal device generates a first report, the The first report includes a container for carrying at least one item of information related to the handover failure, and the container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device; the terminal device sends the first report to the first network device.
  • the information related to the switching failure recorded by the terminal device is sent to the source network device. Since the encoding format of the container used to carry at least one item of information related to the handover failure in the first report is consistent with the communication standard of the source network device, the source network device can be made convenient after receiving the container. , Quickly parse out the information related to handover failure contained therein, thereby effectively reducing the implementation complexity of the source network equipment, improving the network operation efficiency, and increasing the handover success rate of the terminal equipment.
  • the first report further includes first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the current handover is a handover scenario that belongs to a cross-communication mode, so as to facilitate the network to optimize mobility-related parameters for this cross-communication mode handover scenario .
  • the first report further includes second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across a communication system, or for a handover within a communication system Scene report.
  • the second information in the first report by carrying the second information in the first report, it can be indicated whether the current handover belongs to the handover scene of the cross-communication system or the handover scene within the communication system, so as to facilitate the network for the handover scene of the cross-communication system. Or handover scenarios in the communication system to optimize mobility-related parameters.
  • the method may further include: the terminal device sends first indication information to the first network device, the first indication information indicating that the terminal device records the first report; and the terminal device receives the first report from the first network device. Second indication information of a network device, where the second indication information instructs the terminal device to report the first report.
  • the terminal device can report the first report after receiving the instruction of the first network device.
  • the control function of the network can be effectively enhanced, and the disordered reporting of a large number of reports can avoid uplink congestion.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method.
  • the method may be executed by a first network device, or may be executed by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) configured in the first network device.
  • the first network device may be
  • the source network device can also be the target network device, or other network devices that are different from the source network device and the target network device.
  • the first network device will execute the method as an example for description.
  • the method may include: a first network device receives a first report from a terminal device, the first report includes a container for carrying at least one item of information related to handover failure, and the container adopts a communication format corresponding to the source network device. Corresponding encoding format; wherein the handover failure is a handover failure from the source network device to the target network device, and the source network device and the target network device are network devices using different communication standards; the first network device responds to the first The report is processed.
  • the first network device may directly process the first report. If the first network device and the source network device are different network devices, the first network device may forward the container in the first report to the source network device. Since the encoding format used by the container in the first report is consistent with the communication standard of the source network device, the source network device can easily and quickly parse out the handover failure-related information contained in the container after receiving the container. Information, thereby effectively reducing the implementation complexity of source network equipment and improving network operation efficiency.
  • the processing of the first report by the first network device may include: the first network device obtains the container in the first report, and the first network device sends the container to the source network device Send a second report, which includes the container.
  • the first report further includes first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards; and/or, the second report also includes The third information is included, and the third information indicates that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the first report further includes second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems or a handover scenario within a communication system
  • the second report also includes fourth information, the fourth information indicating that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system.
  • the method may further include: the first network device receives first indication information from the terminal device, the first indication information indicating that the terminal device records the first report; the first network device Send second indication information to the terminal device, where the second indication information instructs the terminal device to report the first report.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which may be executed by a terminal device, or may be executed by a component (such as a chip or circuit) configured in the terminal device.
  • a component such as a chip or circuit
  • the method may include: after the terminal device successfully switches from the source network device to the target network device, a wireless link failure occurs in the target network device soon, or the wireless link fails after the terminal device is connected to the source network device for a period of time, the The source network device and the target network device are network devices that adopt different communication standards; the terminal device generates a first report, and the first report includes a first container for carrying at least one piece of information related to the wireless link failure, The first container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the network device to which the cell where the wireless link fails; the terminal device sends a first report to the first network device.
  • the network device to which the cell where the radio link fails may be the target network device or the source network device.
  • the terminal device successfully switches to the target network device in a cross-communication mode switching scenario where a wireless link failure occurs with the target network device, the information related to the wireless link failure recorded by the terminal device is sent to the target network device.
  • the first network device since the encoding format of the first container in the first report is consistent with the communication standard of the target network device, the first network device can directly send the first container to the target network device after receiving the first report.
  • the target network device After the target network device receives the first container, it can easily and quickly parse out the information related to the wireless link failure of the terminal device contained therein, thereby reducing the implementation complexity of the target network device and improving the network operation efficiency. Improve the handover success rate of terminal equipment.
  • the information related to the wireless link failure recorded by the terminal device is sent to the source network device.
  • the first network device can directly send the first container to the source network device after receiving the first report.
  • the source network device can easily and quickly parse out the information related to the wireless link failure of the terminal device contained in the first container, thereby reducing the implementation complexity of the source network device and improving the network Operational efficiency improves the handover success rate of terminal equipment.
  • the wireless link failure occurs
  • the network device to which the cell belongs is the target network device; the first report also includes a second container for carrying the at least one piece of information related to the radio link failure, and the second container adopts the same communication format as the source network device. Corresponding encoding format.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device is successfully switched to the target network device, in a cross-communication mode switching scenario where the wireless link fails with the target network device, after the target network device receives the first container, it will also switch the terminal
  • the information related to the wireless link failure of the device is sent to the source network device.
  • the first report includes a second container in an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device, which enables the first network device to send the second container to the target network device after receiving the first report.
  • the target network device then sends the second container to the source network device, thereby reducing the implementation complexity of the source network device, improving network operation efficiency, and increasing the handover success rate of the terminal device.
  • the first report further includes first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the current handover is a handover scenario that belongs to a cross-communication mode, so as to facilitate the network to optimize mobility-related parameters for this cross-communication mode handover scenario .
  • the first report further includes second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a handover scenario within a communication system Report.
  • the second information in the first report by carrying the second information in the first report, it can be indicated whether the current handover belongs to the handover scene of the cross-communication system or the handover scene within the communication system, so as to facilitate the network for the handover scene of the cross-communication system. Or handover scenarios in the communication system to optimize mobility-related parameters.
  • the method may further include: the terminal device sends first indication information to the first network device, the first indication information indicating that the terminal device records the first report; and the terminal device receives the first report from the first network device. Second indication information of a network device, where the second indication information instructs the terminal device to report the first report.
  • the terminal device can report the first report after receiving the instruction of the first network device.
  • the control function of the network can be effectively enhanced, and the disordered reporting of a large number of reports can avoid uplink congestion.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method.
  • the method may be executed by a first network device, or may be executed by a component (such as a chip or a circuit) configured in the first network device.
  • the first network device may be
  • the source network device can also be the target network device, or other network devices that are different from the source network device and the target network device.
  • the first network device will execute the method as an example for description.
  • the method may include: a first network device receives a first report from a terminal device, the first report includes a first container for carrying at least one item of information related to a radio link failure, and the first container adopts the The coding format corresponding to the communication standard of the network device to which the cell where the wireless link fails; the first network device sends a second report to the network device to which the cell where the wireless link fails, and the second report includes the first container.
  • the first report may also include information for carrying the radio link A second container of at least one item of information related to the failure, the second container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device; the method may further include: the first network device sends the second container to the target network device.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device is successfully switched to the target network device, in a cross-communication mode switching scenario where the wireless link fails with the target network device, after the target network device receives the first container, it will also switch the terminal
  • the information related to the wireless link failure of the device is sent to the source network device.
  • the first network device can send the second container in the encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device to the target network device, so that the target network device can then send the second container to the source network device.
  • the first report further includes first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards; and/or, the second report also includes The third information is included, and the third information indicates that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the first report further includes second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a handover scenario within a communication system
  • the second report also includes fourth information, the fourth information indicating that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system.
  • the method may further include: the first network device receives first indication information from the terminal device, the first indication information indicating that the terminal device records the first report; the first network device Send second indication information to the terminal device, where the second indication information instructs the terminal device to report the first report.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be executed by a target network device or a component (such as a chip or circuit) configured on the target network device.
  • a target network device or a component (such as a chip or circuit) configured on the target network device.
  • the target The network device executes this method as an example for description.
  • the method may include: the target network device receives a second report from the first network device, the second report includes a first container for carrying at least one item of information related to the radio link failure, and the first container adopts and The encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the target network device; the target network device determines that the handover is premature handover or erroneous handover according to the second report, and/or determines that the type of failure is wireless link failure; the target network device sends to the source network The device sends a third report.
  • the third report includes a second container that carries the at least one piece of information related to the wireless link failure.
  • the second container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device.
  • the source network device and the target network device are network devices that use different communication standards.
  • the target network device after the terminal device is successfully handed over to the target network device, in a cross-communication handover scenario where a wireless link failure occurs with the target network device, the network device to which the cell where the wireless link fails is the target network Device, the information related to the wireless link failure recorded by the terminal device will be sent to the target network device.
  • the target network device since the encoding format of the first container in the first report is consistent with the communication format of the target network device, after receiving the first container, the target network device can easily and quickly parse out what it contains and the terminal Information related to the failure of the wireless link of the device, thereby reducing the complexity of the implementation of the target network device, improving the efficiency of the network operation, and increasing the handover success rate of the terminal device.
  • the method may further include: the target network device receives the second container from the first network device; or, the target network device according to an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device, The at least one piece of information related to the wireless link failure carried in the first container is processed to obtain the second container.
  • the target network device may send a second container in an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device to the source network device.
  • the second container may be received from the target network device, or it may be based on the target network device.
  • the information related to the wireless link failure of the terminal device obtained from the first container is processed. In this way, the flexibility of the method can be effectively enhanced, and the implementation complexity of the source network device can be reduced, the network operation efficiency is improved, and the terminal is improved.
  • the switching success rate of the device is performed.
  • the second report further includes third information indicating that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards; and/or, the third report also includes The fifth information is included, and the fifth information indicates that the third report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the second report further includes fourth information, which indicates that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems or a handover scenario within a communication system.
  • the third report also includes sixth information, the sixth information indicating that the third report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system.
  • the third report also includes information indicating that the handover is premature handover or wrong handover.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device that has the function of a terminal device in any possible design of the first aspect or the first aspect, or has the third aspect or the third aspect.
  • the device may be a terminal device or a chip included in the terminal device.
  • the communication device may also have the function of the first network device in any possible design of the second aspect or the second aspect, or the first network device in any possible design of the fourth aspect or the fourth aspect.
  • the function of a network device, or the function of realizing the target network device in any possible design of the fifth aspect or the fifth aspect, the device may be a network device or a chip included in the network device.
  • the functions of the above-mentioned communication device may be realized by hardware, or may be realized by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units or means corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the structure of the device includes a processing module and a transceiver module, wherein the processing module is configured to support the device to perform the first aspect or the corresponding function of the terminal device in any of the first aspects of the design. , Or perform the corresponding function of the first network device in the above-mentioned second aspect or any of the designs of the second aspect, or perform the corresponding function of the terminal device in the above-mentioned third aspect or any of the possible designs of the third aspect, or Perform the corresponding function of the first network device in any possible design of the foregoing fourth aspect or the fourth aspect, or perform the corresponding function of the target network device in any possible design of the foregoing fifth aspect or the fifth aspect.
  • the transceiver module is used to support communication between the device and other communication devices. For example, when the device is a terminal device, it can send a first report to the first network device.
  • the communication device may also include a storage module, which is coupled with the processing module, which stores program instructions and data necessary for the device.
  • the processing module may be a processor
  • the communication module may be a transceiver
  • the storage module may be a memory.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in this application.
  • the structure of the device includes a processor and may also include a memory.
  • the processor is coupled with the memory, and can be used to execute computer program instructions stored in the memory, so that the device executes the method in any possible design of the first aspect or the first aspect, or executes the second aspect or the second aspect.
  • Any one of the possible design methods, or the implementation of the third aspect or any one of the possible designs of the third aspect, or the implementation of any one of the foregoing fourth aspect or the fourth aspect of the possible design Or implement any one of the possible design methods of the fifth aspect or the fifth aspect described above.
  • the device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled with the communication interface.
  • the communication interface can be a transceiver or an input/output interface; when the device is a chip contained in a network device or a chip contained in a terminal device, the communication interface can be the input of the chip /Output Interface.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, and the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, including: a processor, the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a program or instruction, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor , Enabling the chip system to implement the method in any possible design of the first aspect or the first aspect, or implement the method in any possible design of the second aspect or the second aspect, or implement the method in the foregoing first aspect
  • the method in any possible design of the third aspect or the third aspect, or the method in any possible design of the foregoing fourth aspect or the fourth aspect, or the realization of any of the foregoing fifth aspect or the fifth aspect A possible design approach.
  • the chip system further includes an interface circuit, which is used to exchange code instructions to the processor.
  • processors in the chip system, and the processors may be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software codes stored in the memory.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in this application.
  • the memory may be a non-transitory processor, such as a read-only memory ROM, which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or may be set on different chips.
  • the setting method of the processor is not specifically limited.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program or instruction is stored.
  • the computer executes the first aspect or any one of the first aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product.
  • the computer reads and executes the computer program product, the computer executes the first aspect or any one of the possible design methods in the first aspect, Or implement the method in any possible design of the above second aspect or the second aspect, or implement the method in any possible design of the above third aspect or the third aspect, or implement the fourth or first aspect above Any one of the four possible design methods, or implement any of the above fifth or fifth aspects, or implement any one of the above sixth or sixth aspects Method in design.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system.
  • the communication system includes a first network device and at least one terminal device.
  • the first network device may be a source network device, a target network device, or a difference Other network devices from the source network device and the target network device.
  • the communication system may also include a source network device and a target network device.
  • the communication system may also include core network equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system to which an embodiment of this application is applicable;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • 4a and 4b are schematic diagrams of two possible implementation manners for the first network device to process the first report in an embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flow of sending a first report by a terminal device in an embodiment of this application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7a and FIG. 7b are schematic diagrams of two possible implementation manners for the first network device to send the second report to the network device of the cell where the radio link failure occurs in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a specific example (example 2) provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another structure of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA broadband code division multiple access
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • LTE LTE system
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WIMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system to which an embodiment of this application is applicable.
  • the network architecture includes a core network device 110, a radio access network device 120, and at least one terminal device (as shown in FIG. 1). ⁇ terminal equipment 130 and 140).
  • the terminal device is connected to the wireless access network device in a wireless manner
  • the wireless access network device is connected to the core network device in a wireless or wired manner.
  • the core network device and the wireless access network device can be separate and different physical devices, or it can integrate the functions of the core network device and the logical function of the wireless access network device on the same physical device, or it can be a physical device. It integrates the functions of part of the core network equipment and part of the wireless access network equipment.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1 is only a schematic diagram, and the communication system may also include other types of network devices, such as wireless relay devices or wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in FIG. 1. Although only one terminal device is shown in FIG. 1, it should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of core network devices, wireless access network devices, terminal devices, and wireless backhaul devices included in the communication system. .
  • the radio access network equipment mentioned in the embodiments of this application can correspond to different equipment in different communication systems.
  • a 5G system it corresponds to an access network device in 5G, such as gNB
  • a 4G system it corresponds to a device in 4G.
  • Access network equipment such as eNB.
  • Communication between wireless access network equipment and terminal equipment and between terminal equipment and terminal equipment can be through licensed spectrum (licensed spectrum), or through unlicensed spectrum (unlicensed spectrum), or through both licensed spectrum and Unlicensed spectrum for communication.
  • Communication between wireless access network equipment and terminal equipment and between terminal equipment and terminal equipment can communicate through the frequency spectrum below 6 gigahertz (gigahertz, GHz), or through the frequency spectrum above 6GHz, and can also use below 6GHz at the same time The frequency spectrum and the frequency spectrum above 6GHz to communicate.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the spectrum resource used between the radio access network device and the terminal device.
  • a terminal device may switch from a source network device to a target network device due to location movement, service change, network coverage change, or other reasons.
  • the source network device refers to the network device that the terminal device accesses before the switch is performed, or the network device that provides services for the terminal device before the switch
  • the target network device refers to the network device or terminal device that the terminal device needs to switch to.
  • the network device that is connected after the handover is successfully performed, or the network device that provides service for the terminal device after the handover is successful.
  • the source cell refers to the cell that the terminal device accesses before performing the handover, and the source cell is the cell under the coverage of the source network device, or in other words, the source cell is the cell under the jurisdiction of the source network device.
  • a target cell refers to a cell that a terminal device accesses after performing a handover, and the target cell is a cell under the coverage of the target network device, or the target cell is a cell under the jurisdiction of the target network device.
  • Inter-system HO inter-radio access technology handover
  • inter-RAT HO inter-radio access technology handover
  • the inter-system refers to different communication systems, for example, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G or future communication systems are different communication systems. Generally speaking, the system is determined according to the system to which the core network device belongs. Similarly, the intra-system refers to the same communication system.
  • inter-RAT refers to different communication standards, that is, different radio access technologies (RAT), for example, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G or future network standards are different communication standards.
  • RAT radio access technologies
  • the standard is determined according to the communication standard (that is, the adopted RAT) to which the access network device belongs.
  • intra-RAT refers to the same communication standard.
  • the embodiment of the application introduces a 4G base station connected to the core network of the 5G system in the 5G scenario, also called LTE base station or ng-eNB.
  • the corresponding cell can be called an eLTE cell.
  • a 4G system connection is introduced.
  • the 5G base station of the core network is also called NR base station, or en-gNB, and the corresponding cell can be called an eLTE cell.
  • FIG. 2a to FIG. 2d are schematic diagrams of several possible handover scenarios provided by the embodiments of this application.
  • the 5GC shown in the figure refers to the core network of the 5G system, that is, the fifth generation core network (5th generation core, 5GC);
  • EPC refers to the core network in the 4G system, that is, the evolved packet core network (evolved packet core network). , EPC).
  • the LTE base station connected to the 4G core network and the LTE base station connected to the 5G core network are different systems and have the same standard.
  • the terminal equipment is switched from the LTE base station connected to the 4G core network to the LTE base station connected to the 5G core network.
  • the handover of an LTE base station to an LTE base station connected to a 4G core network is also an inter-system intra-RAT handover scenario.
  • the NR base station connected to the 5G core network and the LTE base station connected to the 4G core network are different systems with different standards.
  • the terminal device switches from the NR base station connected to the 5G core network to the LTE base station connected to the 4G core network.
  • the handover of the LTE base station to the NR base station connected to the 5G core network is also an inter-system inter-RAT handover scenario.
  • the LTE base station connected to the 5G core network and the NR base station connected to the 5G core network are of the same system and different standards.
  • the terminal device switches from the LTE base station connected to the 5G core network to the NR base station connected to the 5G core network, which belongs to the intra-system inter-RAT handover scenario; in the same way, the terminal device switches from the 5G core network to the NR base station.
  • the handover of the NR base station to the LTE base station connected to the 5G core network also belongs to the intra-system inter-RAT handover scenario.
  • the NR base station 1 connected to the 5G core network and the NR base station 2 connected to the 5G core network are the same system and the same standard.
  • the terminal device switches from the NR base station 1 connected to the 5G core network to the NR base station 2 connected to the 5G core network, which belongs to the intra-system intra-RAT handover scenario; similarly, the terminal device switches from connecting to the 5G core network.
  • the handover of the NR base station 2 of the network to the NR base station 1 connected to the 5G core network also belongs to the intra-system intra-RAT handover scenario.
  • the handover of the different system may also be referred to as the handover between the systems or the communication system, and the handover of the same system may also be referred to as the handover within the system or the handover within the communication system.
  • the switching between different systems may also be referred to as switching between different systems or switching between communication systems, and the switching between the same systems may also be referred to as switching between the same communication systems, which will not be described in detail below.
  • the terminal device involved in the embodiments of this application is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.) ); It can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.)
  • the terminal device can communicate with the core network via a radio access network (RAN), and exchange voice and/or data with the RAN.
  • RAN radio access network
  • the terminal device can be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a mobile internet device (mobile internet device, MID), a wearable device, a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal device, Augmented reality (AR) terminal equipment, industrial control (industrial control) wireless terminal, unmanned driving (self-driving) wireless terminal, remote medical (remote medical) wireless terminal, smart grid (smart grid) ), the wireless terminal in the transportation safety (transportation safety), the wireless terminal in the smart city (smart city), the wireless terminal in the smart home (smart home), etc.
  • Terminal equipment may sometimes be referred to as user equipment (UE), mobile station, remote station, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology, device form, and name used by the terminal equipment.
  • the terminal device may also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices or smart wearable devices, etc. It is a general term for using wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes Wait.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only a kind of hardware device, but also realize powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions that can be achieved without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and only focus on a certain type of application function, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones.
  • Use such as all kinds of smart bracelets, smart helmets, smart jewelry, etc. for physical sign monitoring.
  • the terminal device in the embodiments of the present application may also be a vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted component, vehicle-mounted chip, or vehicle-mounted unit that is built into a vehicle as one or more components or units, and the vehicle passes through the built-in vehicle-mounted module, vehicle-mounted Modules, on-board components, on-board chips, or on-board units can implement the method of the present application.
  • the wireless access network devices involved in the embodiments of the present application are devices used to connect terminal devices to the wireless network in the network.
  • the radio access network device may be a node in the radio access network, may also be called a base station, or may also be called a RAN node.
  • the wireless access network device may be referred to as a network device for short. Unless otherwise specified, the network device in the following description refers to the wireless access network device.
  • the network equipment may include an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system or an evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A), such as
  • LTE long term evolution
  • LTE-A evolved LTE system
  • the traditional macro base station eNB and the micro base station eNB in the heterogeneous network scenario may also include the next generation node B (next generation) in the new radio (NR) system of the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5th generation, 5G).
  • NR new radio
  • node B node B, gNB
  • radio network controller RNC
  • node B Node B, NB
  • base station controller BSC
  • base transceiver station base transceiver station, BTS
  • transmission reception point TRP
  • home base station for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB
  • baseband unit BBU
  • baseband pool BBU pool or wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) access point (access point, AP), integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, etc.
  • CloudRAN cloud radio access network
  • the centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) and/or distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) in the system is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the network device may be a CU node, or a DU node, or an access network device including a CU node and a DU node.
  • CU nodes can be divided into control plane (CU-CP) and user plane (CU-UP), where CU-CP is responsible for control plane functions, mainly including radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP)-C, PDCP-C is mainly responsible for the encryption and decryption of control plane data, integrity protection, and data transmission.
  • CU-UP is responsible for user plane functions, mainly including service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) and PDCP-U. SDAP is mainly responsible for processing core network data and mapping flow to bearer.
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • PDCP-U is mainly responsible for data encryption and decryption, integrity protection, header compression, serial number maintenance, data transmission, etc.
  • CU-CP and CU-UP can be connected via E1 interface.
  • CU-CP stands for CU connected to the core network through the Ng interface, and connected to the DU through F1-C (control plane).
  • CU-UP is connected to DU through F1-U (user plane).
  • F1-C control plane
  • F1-U user plane
  • PDCP-C is also in CU-UP.
  • “Multiple” refers to two or more than two. In view of this, “multiple” may also be understood as “at least two” in the embodiments of the present application. "At least one” can be understood as one or more, for example, one, two or more. For example, including at least one means including one, two or more, and it does not limit which ones are included. For example, if at least one of A, B, and C is included, then A, B, C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C are included. In the same way, the understanding of "at least one" and other descriptions is similar.
  • ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” mentioned in the embodiments of this application are used to distinguish multiple objects, and are not used to limit the order, timing, priority, or importance of multiple objects.
  • the descriptions of “first” and “second” do not limit the objects to be different.
  • the terminal device and/or the network device can perform some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application. These steps or operations are only examples, and the embodiments of the present application may also perform other operations or various operations.
  • each step may be executed in a different order presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it may not be necessary to perform all the operations in the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the method includes:
  • Step S301 The terminal device fails to switch during the process of trying to switch from the source network device to the target network device, and the source network device and the target network device are network devices using different communication standards.
  • the source network device and the target network device adopt different communication standards, that is, different standards, which means that the source network device and the target network device adopt different radio access technologies, RATs.
  • the source network device may be an NR base station, and the target network device may be an LTE base station; or, the source network device may be an LTE base station, and the target network device may be an NR base station; or, the source network device may be an NR base station, and the target network device may be It is an NR evolution base station; this embodiment does not limit this.
  • the terminal device after receiving the handover message from the source network device, the terminal device attempts to switch from the source network device to the target network device, but the terminal device fails to switch to the target network device, for example, random access between the terminal device and the target network device The process failed.
  • the handover message instructs the terminal device to perform handover from the source network device to the target network device, or the handover message instructs the terminal device to perform handover from the source cell to the target cell, and the handover message may also be referred to as a handover command or
  • the reconfiguration message or other names are not limited in this application.
  • the handover message may be MobilityFromEUTRACommand or MobilityFromNRCommand or other messages.
  • the terminal device may determine the failure type (or connection failure type) as handover failure (HOF).
  • the failure type or connection failure type
  • HAF handover failure
  • the terminal device can restore the connection with the source network device or other network devices, or re-establish it.
  • the terminal device can be reconstructed to the source network device or other network device, the communication standard used by the other network device and the source network device may be the same or different, and the communication system to which the other network device and the source network device belong may be the same or different.
  • the re-established cell may be the source cell, or other cells different from the source cell and the target cell, which is not limited in this application.
  • Step S302 The terminal device generates a first report.
  • the first report includes a container for carrying at least one item of information related to the handover failure, and the container adopts a code corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device. Format.
  • Part of the information in the first report may be recorded/generated by the terminal device when the failure occurs, for example, the cell information of the failed cell, the type of connection failure, the cell information of the source cell, and the initiation of connection re-establishment or connection recovery after the connection fails Cell information, connection failure time, etc.; or, part of the information in the first report may be recorded/generated by the terminal device when the terminal device reports information, for example, the time after the failure.
  • the cell information of the failed cell, the type of connection failure, the cell information of the source cell, the cell information of the cell that initiated the connection re-establishment or connection recovery after the connection failed, the connection failure time, the time after the failure, etc. can be referred to the description below .
  • the first report may also be referred to as a radio link failure (RLF) report, or a connection failure report, or the first message, or has another name, which is not limited by this application.
  • RLF radio link failure
  • the aforementioned container for carrying at least one piece of information related to the handover failure may also be referred to as a handover failure container.
  • a container can be understood as a carrier for encapsulating information or a data structure for encapsulating information.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device receives the handover message, in the process of trying to switch from the source network device to the target network device, a handover failure occurs, that is, the failure type is "HOF", therefore, the terminal device records/stores the information At the time, it is determined that the container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device.
  • the container adopts an NR encoding format
  • the container adopts an LTE encoding format.
  • the encoding format may also be referred to as an encoding method, an encoding strategy, and so on.
  • the container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device. It can also be understood that the container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the network device to which the source cell belongs when the terminal device last/recently received the handover message. Encoding format, or the container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the network device that sent the handover message to the terminal device last/last time.
  • the source network device refers to the network device to which the source cell belongs when the terminal device receives the handover message last/last time, or the network device that sent the handover message to the terminal device last/last time.
  • the container may be regarded as a collection of at least one item of information related to the handover failure included in the first report.
  • the information related to the handover failure contained in the first report or the container may include one or more of the following information:
  • the failed cell may include the target cell where the handover failed.
  • connection failureType connection failure type
  • connection failureType connection failure type
  • the connection failure type can also be referred to as the failure type for short.
  • the connection failure type has two values: HOF or RLF.
  • the failure type is specifically HOF.
  • HOF is a type of connection failure.
  • the identification information of the terminal equipment in the cell where the failure occurred may be a cell radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) allocated to the terminal equipment by the cell where the failure occurred.
  • C-RNTI cell radio network temporary identifier
  • the C-RNTI may include the C-RNTI allocated by the source cell to the terminal device, and/or the C-RNTI allocated by the target cell to the terminal device.
  • connection failure time refers to the time period information from the last/last/last reception of the handover message to the time when the connection failure occurred.
  • Time after failure refers to the length of time recorded since the connection failure occurs, and generally refers to the time period information from the connection failure to the reporting report (such as the first report).
  • the cell information may include cell global identifier (CGI), physical cell identifier (PCI), frequency point information, tracking area code (TAC), and RAN area code ( At least one of RAN area code, RAN AC).
  • CGI may include a public land mobile network (public land mobile network identifier, PLMN ID) and a cell identifier (cell identifier).
  • the signal quality may include at least one of the following: received signal code power (received signal code power, RSCP), reference signal receiving power (reference signal receiving power, RSRP), reference signal receiving quality (reference signal receiving quality, RSRQ), Signal to noise ratio (signal noise ratio, SNR), signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR), reference signal strength indication (RSSI).
  • RSCP received signal code power
  • RSRP reference signal receiving power
  • RSRQ reference signal receiving quality
  • Signal to noise ratio signal noise ratio
  • SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio
  • SI reference signal strength indication
  • the signal quality may refer to the signal quality of a cell, and/or the signal quality of a beam belonging to the cell.
  • connection failure type may be HOF.
  • the first report may further include first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards. Or, it can also be understood that the first information indicates that the current handover belongs to a handover scenario that is across communication standards.
  • the cross-standards can also be referred to as different standards, which means that the communication standards of the source network device and the target network device are different, that is, the cross-communication standards in this embodiment are measured from the dimension of the access network.
  • the first report may further include second information, the second information indicating whether the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems or a report for a handover scenario within the communication system.
  • the second information indicates whether the current handover belongs to a cross-communication system handover or a handover within a communication system.
  • the inter-communication system may also be called a different system, and the communication system may also be called the same system.
  • the second information may be the information element "Inter-system HO".
  • the first report When the second information is included in the first report, it means that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or when the first report When the second information is not included in the file, it means that the first report is a report for a handover scenario in the communication system.
  • the second information may be the information element "Intra-system HO".
  • the second information When the second information is included in the first report, it means that the first report is a report for a handover scenario in the communication system, or when the first report When the second information is not included in the report, it means that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems. It should be noted that in this embodiment, whether it is a cross-communication system is measured from the dimension of the core network.
  • the switching scenarios applicable to the embodiments of the present application may be switching between different systems and different systems, or switching between different systems in the same system.
  • the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems
  • the handover scenario is a switch between different systems and different standards, that is, the source network device and the target network device not only use different communication standards, but also connect to them respectively.
  • the core network of different communication systems For example, one of the source network device and the target network device is an NR base station, which is connected to the core network 5GC of the 5G system, and the other is an LTE base station, which is connected to the core network EPC of the 4G system.
  • the first report is a report for a handover scenario in a communication system
  • the handover scenario is a switch of the same system with different standards, that is, the source network device and the target network device use different communication standards, but are connected to the core network of the same communication system .
  • one of the source network device and the target network device is an NR base station and the other is an LTE base station. Both the NR base station and the LTE base station are connected to the 5GC, or the NR base station and the LTE base station are both connected to the EPC.
  • first information and second information can be regarded as information used to indicate the type of the first report or the switching scenario for which the first report is directed. It can be understood that the first information may be included in the handover failure container in the first report, or may be included outside the handover failure container in the first report, which is not limited by this application. Similarly, the second information may be included in the handover failure container in the first report, or may be included outside the handover failure container in the first report, which is also not limited in this application.
  • the first report may include a copy of the first information, and the encoding method of the copy is consistent with the communication standard of the first network device, that is, the copy adopts the same communication standard as the first network device. Corresponding encoding method.
  • the copy may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may include two copies of the first information, one of which is encoded in the same way as the communication standard of the first network device, and the other copy is encoded in the same way as the source network device.
  • the encoding mode of the first information is consistent, that is, one of the two copies of the first information adopts the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device, and the other copy adopts the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside of the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the source network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it may also be located in the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may include a copy of the second information, and the encoding method of the copy is consistent with the communication standard of the first network device, that is, the copy adopts the The encoding method corresponding to the communication standard.
  • the copy may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may include two copies of the second information, one of which is encoded in the same way as the communication standard of the first network device, and the other copy is encoded in the same way as the source network device.
  • the encoding method of the second information is consistent, that is, one of the two copies of the second information adopts the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device, and the other copy adopts the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside of the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the source network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it may also be located in the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may also include information indicating the encoding format adopted by the container, that is, the encoding format of the information related to the handover failure contained in the first report.
  • the information may be included in the container in the first report or outside the container in the first report, which is not limited by this application.
  • the first report may include a copy of the information indicating the encoding format adopted by the container, and the encoding mode of the copy is consistent with the communication standard of the first network device, that is, the copy adopts the same The coding mode corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device.
  • the copy may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may include two copies of the information indicating the encoding format adopted by the container, where the encoding mode of one copy is consistent with the communication standard of the first network device, and the other
  • the encoding method of the copy is consistent with the encoding method of the source network device, that is, the two copies of the first information use the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device, and the other copy adopts the communication standard corresponding to the source network device. Corresponding encoding method.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside of the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the source network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it may also be located in the handover failure container in the first report.
  • Step S303 The terminal device sends a first report to the first network device.
  • the first network device may be a source network device, a target network device, or another network device different from the source network device and the target network device, such as a network device that restores or rebuilds the connection after a handover fails.
  • the application is not limited. It can be understood that if the first network device is the source network device, it means that the terminal device can directly send the first report to the source network device.
  • the first report adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device, so that the first network device can read or parse the information contained in the first report.
  • the encoding format of the first report and the encoding format of the handover failure container in the first report may be different concepts, that is, when both the first report and the handover failure container adopt a certain communication
  • the encoding format of the first report and the encoding format of the switching failure container can still be the same or different, and there is no limitation.
  • the first report may include a third container, and the third container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device.
  • the third container can be regarded as a collection of at least one item of information related to the handover failure included in the first report.
  • the content contained in the third container can refer to the content contained in the switching failure container, and will not be repeated.
  • the first network device receives the first report from the terminal device.
  • Step S304 The first network device processes the first report.
  • the first report may be sent in a handover failure scenario.
  • the terminal device may send the first report in a scenario of early handover (to early handover event) or wrong handover (handover to wrong cell event).
  • Report the failure type is HOF.
  • Processing the first report may include (corresponding to step S404-a in FIG. 4a): according to the information related to the handover failure contained in the first report and other information (for example, the time when the first report is received, The time of sending the handover message, etc.), it is determined that the handover is premature handover or wrong handover, and/or the failure type is determined to be HOF.
  • steps S401 to S403 in FIG. 4a reference may be made to the description of the corresponding steps in FIG. 3.
  • the first network device can optimize the mobility-related parameters of the terminal device according to whether the handover is premature handover or wrong handover, and the failure type HOF, for example, based on the received handover failure-related information, the first network device It is possible to determine the appropriate cell/target network device as the target cell/target network device, or determine the appropriate time to send the handover message, or adjust the corresponding parameters required for the handover corresponding to the target cell/target network device (for example, for Switched resource configuration information, etc.). Thereby improving the handover success rate of terminal equipment.
  • the wrong handover may refer to handover to the wrong cell.
  • processing the first report may include (corresponding to step S404-b in FIG. 4b): obtaining the handover failure container in the first report, and then sending a second report to the source network device. Including the switch failed container. That is, the first network device can send a second report to the network device to which the cell (such as previousPCell) or the source cell belongs when the terminal device received the handover message last/last time, so as to forward the handover failure container To the source network device.
  • the source network device can receive a second report from the first network device.
  • the second report can also be called a handover report (ie HO report), or an RLF report, or a second message, or other names.
  • HO report handover report
  • RLF report RLF report
  • a second message or other names.
  • the source network device may identify that the switch is Premature handover or wrong handover, the failure type is HOF, and then the mobility-related configuration parameters are optimized accordingly. For example, based on the received information related to the handover failure, the source network device may determine a suitable cell/target network device as the target cell/target network device, or determine a suitable time for sending the handover message.
  • the inclusion of the container in the second report means that the information related to handover failure included in the second report may be the same as the information related to handover failure included in the first report. In other words, the specific content in the container included in the second report may be partly or completely the same as the specific content in the container included in the first report.
  • the information related to handover failure included in the second report is absolutely the same as the information related to handover failure included in the first report.
  • the information related to handover failure included in the second report may be the first report. Part or all of the information related to handover failure included in a report.
  • the communication standard of the first network device and the communication standard of the source network device may be the same or different. If the communication standard of the first network device is the same as the communication standard of the source network device, the first network device can identify that the handover is premature based on the information related to handover failure contained in the first report or in the handover failure container Or wrong handover, optionally, the source network device is notified of the identified result, or the mobility-related parameters of the terminal device are optimized. Then, the information related to the handover failure or the handover failure container is sent to the source network device.
  • the first report may also include a third container that carries the at least one piece of information related to handover failure.
  • the second report may further include third information, and the third information indicates that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the second report may further include fourth information, the fourth information indicating that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario in a communication system.
  • the third information in the second report may be included in the container in the second report, or may be included outside the container in the second report, which is not limited by this application.
  • the fourth information may be included in the container in the second report, or may be included outside the container in the second report, which is also not limited in this application.
  • the third information and the fourth information may also be understood as information used to indicate the type of the second report or the switching scene for the second report.
  • the third information refer to the above description of the first information
  • the fourth information refer to the above description of the second information, which will not be repeated.
  • the terminal device can reestablish/restore the connection with the network device before sending the first report, but it should be noted that the network device for the terminal device to reestablish/restore the connection and the source network device can be the same
  • the network device can also be a different network device without limitation.
  • the communication standard of the network device to which the terminal device reestablishes/restores the connection and the communication standard of the source network device may be the same or different.
  • the network device for re-establishing/resuming the connection between the first network device and the terminal device may be the same network device or different network devices.
  • the handover can be regarded as a premature handover. If the cell where the terminal device tries to reestablish/restore connection is different from the source cell and target cell, the cell does not belong to the same network device as the source cell, or the network device to which the cell belongs does not belong to the same communication standard as the source network device , The switch can be regarded as an error switch.
  • the failure type is HOF
  • the information about the switching failure recorded/stored by the terminal device can be sent to the source network device.
  • the first network device can send the container to the source network device, and then The source network device can easily and quickly parse out the information contained in it related to the terminal device handover failure, thereby reducing the complexity of the source network device’s implementation, effectively improving the efficiency of network optimization of mobility-related parameters, and improving the handover success rate of the terminal device .
  • step S303 that is, before the terminal device sends the first report to the first network device, the terminal device and the first network device may also perform the process shown in FIG. 5.
  • step S501 if the terminal device records/stores at least one item of information related to handover failure, or the terminal device records/stores the aforementioned handover failure container, the terminal device may send first indication information to the first network device ,
  • the first information indicates that the terminal device records/stores the first report.
  • the first indication information may also specifically indicate that the first report is a report for a cross-standard handover scenario, and/or the first indication information may also specifically indicate that the first report is for a cross-communication system The report of the handover scene or the report for the handover scene in the communication system.
  • step S502 after receiving the first indication information sent by the terminal device, the first network device may send second indication information to the terminal device, the second indication information indicating that the terminal device is requested to report the first report. Subsequently, in step S503, after receiving the second indication information, the terminal device may send the first report to the first network device.
  • step S502 may also be that the first network device sends a request message to the terminal device, the request message is used to request the terminal device to report the first report, and the request message may be a UEInformtionRequest message, or other News, this application is not limited.
  • step S503 may be that after receiving the request message, the terminal device sends a response message to the first network device.
  • the response message may be a UEInformationResponse message or other messages, which is not limited in this application.
  • the response message includes the information related to the handover failure recorded by the terminal device.
  • the response message may also include the first information and/or the second information described above.
  • the response message may also include information indicating the encoding mode of the information related to the handover failure. It can be understood that the terminal device may send all or part of the information contained in the first report through the response message.
  • Example 1 The following describes a specific example of the embodiment of the present application: Example 1.
  • the source base station is an LTE base station
  • the target base station is an NR base station.
  • the LTE base station as the source base station can be a base station connected to the core network of the 4G system or a base station connected to the core network of the 5G system. It is not limited.
  • the NR base station as the target base station is a base station connected to the core network of the 5G system. .
  • the UE fails in the process of switching from the source base station to the target base station, and the terminal device attempts to reestablish/restore the connection at the LTE base station.
  • the LTE base station that the UE tries to reestablish/restore connection and the LTE base station serving as the source base station may be the same base station or different base stations, which is not limited.
  • the cell that the terminal device tries to reestablish/restore connection can be the source cell, or a cell different from the source cell but the cell and the source cell belong to the same base station (ie, the source base station), or a cell different from the source cell but the cell is different from the source cell.
  • the source base station belongs to the same communication standard (ie, the LTE standard), or is a cell different from the source cell and the target cell, and the cell and the source cell do not belong to the same base station or the communication standard of the base station that manages the cell is not the LTE standard.
  • the LTE standard ie, the LTE standard
  • the first report includes a container (denoted as the first container here), and the first container includes information related to UE handover failure, such as cell information of the source cell, cell information of the target cell, failure type "HOF", One or more of the cell information of the cell where the connection is restored, the time period information from the handover message received to the handover failure, the time period information from the handover failure to reporting the first report, the time period information from the handover failure to the connection recovery, etc. .
  • the first container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source base station, that is, an LTE encoding format.
  • the first report may also include information for indicating the type of the first report or the switching scenario.
  • the first report may include first information, and the first information may indicate that the first report is a report for a cross-communication-standard handover scenario, that is, it indicates that the current handover belongs to a cross-communication-standard handover scenario.
  • the first report may also include second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system, that is, it indicates that the current handoff belongs to a cross-communication system.
  • the handover scene of the communication system still belongs to the handover scene in the communication system.
  • the first base station may determine to forward some or all of the information related to the handover failure contained in the first report according to the cell information of the source cell and the failure type "HOF" contained in the report.
  • the first base station may send the first container in the first report to the source base station through a second report; in other words, the first base station may include part or all of the handover failure related to the first report.
  • the information is sent to the source base station through the second report.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method provided by this application.
  • the method includes:
  • Step S601 After the terminal device successfully switches from the source network device to the target network device, a wireless link failure occurs in the target network device soon; or, a wireless link failure occurs after the terminal device is connected to the source network device for a period of time.
  • the source network device and the target network device are network devices using different communication standards.
  • the source network device may be an NR base station, and the target network device may be an LTE base station; or, the source network device may be an LTE base station, and the target network device may be an NR base station; or, the source network device may be an NR base station, and the target network device may be It is an NR evolution base station; this embodiment does not limit this.
  • the terminal device after receiving the switch message from the source network device, the terminal device attempts to switch from the source network device to the target network device. After successfully switching from the source network device to the target network device, a wireless link failure occurs in the target network device soon; Or, a radio link failure occurs after the terminal device is connected to the source network device for a period of time, that is, the source network device has RLF if the terminal device has not received the handover message.
  • the handover message instructs the terminal device to perform handover from the source network device to the target network device, or the handover message instructs the terminal device to perform handover from the source cell to the target cell, and the handover message may also be referred to as a handover command or
  • the reconfiguration message or other names are not limited in this application.
  • the handover message may be MobilityFromEUTRACommand or MobilityFromNRCommand or other messages.
  • the terminal device can determine the failure after successfully switching from the source network device to the target network device, and soon after the target network device fails to connect, or after a connection failure occurs after connecting with the source network device for a period of time
  • the type (or connection failure type) is radio link failure (RLF).
  • the terminal device can restore the connection with the source network device or other network devices, or Said to re-establish the connection.
  • the terminal device can be reconstructed to the source network device or other network device, the communication standard used by the other network device and the source network device may be the same or different, and the communication system used by the other network device and the source network device may be the same or different.
  • the re-established cell may be the source cell, or other cells different from the source cell and the target cell, which is not limited in this application.
  • the terminal device can communicate with the source network device or Other network devices perform connection recovery, or in other words, perform connection re-establishment.
  • the terminal device can be reconstructed to the source network device or other network device, the communication standard used by the other network device and the source network device may be the same or different, and the communication system used by the other network device and the source network device may be the same or different.
  • the re-established cell may be another cell different from the source cell and the target cell, which is not limited in this application.
  • Step S602 The terminal device generates a first report.
  • the first report includes a first container used to carry at least one item of information related to the wireless link failure.
  • the coding format corresponding to the communication standard of the network device to which the cell belongs.
  • the first report may also be referred to as a radio link failure (RLF) report, or a connection failure report, or the first message, or has another name, which is not limited by this application.
  • RLF radio link failure
  • the foregoing first container used to carry at least one piece of information related to the wireless link failure may also be referred to as a wireless link failure container.
  • a container can be understood as a carrier for encapsulating information or a data structure for encapsulating information.
  • the terminal device since the terminal device successfully switches from the source network device to the target network device, a wireless link failure occurs in the target network device soon, or a wireless link occurs after being connected to the source network device for a period of time.
  • Path failure that is, the failure type is "RLF”. Therefore, when the terminal device records/stores information, it can be determined that the first container adopts the encoding corresponding to the communication standard of the network device to which the cell where the radio link failure occurred Format.
  • the first container may be regarded as a collection of at least one item of information related to the wireless link failure included in the first report.
  • the failed cell in 1) above may include the cell in which the radio link fails; the failure type in 2) is specifically RLF, which is also a connection failure.
  • the C-RNTI in 5) may include the C-RNTI allocated to the terminal device by the serving cell when the radio link failure occurs.
  • the first report or the first container can also include the switch message from receiving to successful Information about the time period for switching to the target network device, and information about the time period between the successful reception of the handover message and the occurrence of a wireless link failure in the target network device.
  • the first report may further include first information indicating that the first report is a report for a cross-communication mode handover scenario, or it can also be understood as the first information indicating that the current handover belongs to cross-communication Standard switching scene.
  • the cross-standards can also be referred to as different standards, which means that the communication standards of the source network device and the target network device are different, that is, the cross-communication standards in this embodiment are measured from the dimension of the access network.
  • the first report may further include second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems or a report for a handover scenario within the communication system.
  • the second information indicates whether the current handover belongs to a cross-communication system handover scenario or a handover scenario within the communication system. If the first report is a report for a handover scene across communication systems, it means that the handover scene is a handover between different systems and different systems; if the first report is a report for a handover scene in the communication system, it means that the handover scene is different from the same system. Standard switching.
  • the second information may be the information element "Inter-system HO".
  • the first report When the second information is included in the first report, it means that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or when the first report When the second information is not included in the file, it means that the first report is a report for a handover scenario in the communication system.
  • the second information may be the information element "Intra-system HO".
  • the second information When the second information is included in the first report, it means that the first report is a report for a handover scenario in the communication system, or when the first report When the second information is not included in the report, it means that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems. It should be noted that in this embodiment, whether it is a cross-communication system is measured from the dimension of the core network.
  • first information and second information can be regarded as information used to indicate the type of the first report or the switching scenario for which the first report is directed. It can be understood that the first information may be included in the first container in the first report, or may be included outside the first container in the first report, which is not limited by this application. Similarly, the second information may be included in the first container in the first report, or may be included outside the first container in the first report, which is also not limited in this application.
  • the first report may include a copy of the first information, and the encoding method of the copy is consistent with the communication standard of the first network device, that is, the copy adopts the same communication standard as the first network device. Corresponding encoding method.
  • the copy may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may include two copies of the first information, one of which is encoded in the same way as the communication standard of the first network device.
  • the terminal device If the terminal device is successfully switched from the source network device to the After the target network device, a wireless link failure occurs in the target network device soon, and the encoding method of the other copy is consistent with the encoding method of the target network device, that is, one of the two copies of the first information adopts the same encoding method as that of the first network device.
  • the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the device, and the other copy adopts the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the target network device.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the target network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it may also be located in the handover failure container in the first report. If a wireless link failure occurs after the terminal device is connected to the source network device for a period of time, the encoding method of the other copy is consistent with the encoding method of the source network device, that is, one of the two copies of the first information is the same as that of the first network device.
  • the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the device, and the other copy adopts the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside of the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the source network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it may also be located in the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may include a copy of the second information, and the encoding of the copy is consistent with the communication standard of the first network device, that is, the copy adopts the The encoding method corresponding to the communication standard.
  • the copy may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report can include two copies of the second information, one of which is encoded in the same way as the communication standard of the first network device.
  • the terminal device If the terminal device is successfully switched from the source network device to the After the target network device, a wireless link failure occurs in the target network device soon, and the encoding method of the other copy is consistent with the encoding method of the target network device, that is, one of the two copies of the second information is the same as that of the first network device.
  • the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the device, and the other copy adopts the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the target network device.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the target network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it may also be located in the handover failure container in the first report. If a wireless link failure occurs after the terminal device is connected to the source network device for a period of time, the encoding method of the other copy is consistent with the encoding method of the source network device, that is, one of the two copies of the first information is the same as that of the first network device.
  • the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the device, and the other copy adopts the encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside of the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the source network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it may also be located in the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may further include information indicating the encoding format adopted by the first container, that is, information indicating the encoding format of the information related to the radio link failure included in the first report.
  • the information may be included in the first container in the first report, or may be included outside the first container in the first report, which is not limited in this application.
  • the first report may include a copy of the information indicating the encoding format adopted by the first container, and the encoding mode of the copy is consistent with the communication standard of the first network device, that is, the copy The encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device is adopted.
  • the copy may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the first report may include two copies of the information indicating the encoding format adopted by the first container, and the encoding method of one copy is consistent with the communication standard of the first network device.
  • the encoding method of the other copy is consistent with the encoding method of the source network device, that is, two pieces of information indicating the encoding format adopted by the first container
  • One copy adopts an encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device
  • the other copy adopts an encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside of the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the source network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it may also be located in the handover failure container in the first report.
  • the encoding method of the other copy is consistent with the encoding method of the target network device, that is, indicating the first Two copies of the information in the encoding format adopted by the container, one using an encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device, and the other copy using an encoding method corresponding to the communication standard of the target network device.
  • a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the first network device may be located outside the handover failure container in the first report, and a copy of the encoding format that is consistent with the communication format of the target network device may be located in In addition to the handover failure container in the first report, it can also be located in the handover failure container in the first report
  • Step S603 The terminal device sends a first report to the first network device, where the first report includes the first container.
  • the first network device may be the source network device or the target network device, or it may be another network device different from the source network device and the target network device, or it may be a network device for connection restoration or reconstruction after the handover fails, This application is not limited.
  • the first report may adopt an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device, so that the first network device can correctly read the information contained in the first report.
  • the encoding format of the first report and the encoding format of the first container in the first report may be different concepts, that is, when both the first report and the first container use a certain communication
  • the encoding format of the first report and the encoding format of the first container may still be the same or different, and there is no limitation.
  • the first report may include a fourth container, and the fourth container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the first network device.
  • the fourth container can be regarded as a collection of at least one item of information related to the handover failure included in the first report.
  • the content contained in the fourth container may refer to the content contained in the switching failure container or the first container, and will not be repeated.
  • step S603 that is, before the terminal device sends the first report to the first network device, the terminal device and the first network device may also perform the process shown in FIG. 5, and the detailed description of FIG. 5 Please refer to the description above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first network device receives the first report from the terminal device.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device has successfully switched from the source network device to the target network device, in the case of a wireless link failure of the target network device soon, after the first network device receives the first report, it can be based on the first report.
  • a report determines that the handover is premature handover or erroneous handover, and/or the failure type is determined to be RLF.
  • the first network device may determine that the handover is too late based on the first report, and/or the failure type is determined to be RLF.
  • Step S604 The first network device sends a second report to the network device to which the cell where the radio link failure occurs, and the second report includes the first container.
  • the second report may further include third information, and the third information indicates that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards. Or it can be understood that the third information indicates that the current handover belongs to a cross-communication system handover scenario.
  • the second report may further include fourth information, which indicates that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems or a report for a handover scenario in the communication system.
  • fourth information indicates whether the current handover belongs to a handover scenario across communication systems or a handover scenario within the communication system.
  • the fourth information please refer to the second information above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the third information and the fourth information may also be understood as information used to indicate the type of the second report or the switching scene for the second report.
  • the third information refer to the above description of the first information
  • the fourth information refer to the above description of the second information, which will not be repeated.
  • the second report may also include information indicating the encoding format adopted by the first container.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device is successfully handed over from the source network device to the target network device, if the target network device has a wireless link failure, the cell where the wireless link fails is the target cell, and the wireless link fails.
  • the network device to which the cell where the path fails is the target network device, and the first container will adopt an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the target network device.
  • the first network device can send a second report to the target network device according to the first report. Include the first container.
  • the target network device can receive the second report.
  • step S701-a includes that after the terminal device successfully switches from the source network device to the target network device, a wireless link failure occurs in the target network device soon.
  • Step S702-a includes generating a first report, the first report including a first container for carrying at least one item of information related to the radio link failure, and the first container adopts a communication standard corresponding to the target network device Encoding format.
  • Step S704-a includes that the first network device sends a second report to the target network device, and the second report includes the first container.
  • the target network device can correctly decode and obtain the information related to the wireless link failure in it, and according to the said and For information related to radio link failure, it is determined that the handover is premature handover or erroneous handover, and/or, the failure type is determined to be RLF.
  • the target network device can optimize the mobility-related parameters of the terminal device. For example, based on the information related to the received radio link failure, the target network device can determine a suitable cell as the target cell, or adjust the target cell Corresponding corresponding parameters required for handover (for example, resource configuration information used for handover, etc.), thereby improving the handover success rate of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device successfully switches from the source network device to the target network device, but soon after the target network device has a radio link failure, if the cell where the terminal device tries to reestablish/restore the connection is the same cell as the source cell, or If it is a different cell but belongs to the same network device as the source cell (ie, the source network device), or is a different cell but belongs to the same communication standard as the source network device, the handover can be regarded as a premature handover; if the terminal device The cell trying to reestablish/restore the connection is different from the source cell and target cell. The cell does not belong to the same network device as the source cell, or the network device to which the cell belongs does not belong to the same communication standard as the source network device. Switching can be regarded as an error switch.
  • the target network device may send a third report to the source network device.
  • the third report includes a second container for carrying the information related to the wireless link failure.
  • the encoding format corresponding to the communication standard It can be understood that since the second container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device, the source network device can also correctly decode and obtain information related to the connection failure.
  • the source network device can optimize the mobility-related parameters of the terminal device. For example, based on the information related to the received wireless link failure, the source network device can determine a suitable cell/target network device as the target cell/target network The device, or, determines the appropriate timing for sending the handover message, thereby improving the handover success rate of the terminal device.
  • the second container may be the target network device according to the encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device, and the target network device can perform a response to the wireless link failure related information contained in the first report received from the first network device. Obtained by processing information; or, the second container may also be received by the target network device from the first network device (for example, the first report sent by the terminal device to the first network device includes the second container, or , The first network device generates the second container according to the first report).
  • the first network device can send the first container and the second container to the target network device through the same report, or they can send different reports to the target network.
  • the device sends the first container and the second container, and this application is not limited.
  • the first network device sends the first container and the second container to the target network device through the same report may mean that in addition to the first container, the same report (ie, the second report) also includes the second container,
  • the first container adopts the encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the target network device
  • the second container adopts the encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device
  • the first container contains information related to wireless link failure.
  • the information and the information related to the wireless link failure contained in the second container may be completely the same or partly the same.
  • the first network device sends the first container and the second container to the target network device through different reports, which means that in addition to sending the second report containing the first container to the target network device, the first network device can also send the target network to the target network device.
  • the device sends a fourth report containing the second container.
  • the first container in the second report adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the target network device
  • the second container in the fourth report adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device.
  • the third report may further include fifth information, and the fifth information indicates that the third report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards. Or it can also be understood that the fifth information indicates that the current handover belongs to a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the fifth information indicates that the current handover belongs to a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the third report may further include sixth information, the sixth information indicating that the third report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems or a report for a handover scenario within the communication system.
  • the sixth information indicates whether the current handover belongs to a handover scenario across communication systems or a handover scenario within the communication system.
  • the third report may also include information indicating that the handover is premature handover or wrong handover.
  • the third report may also include information indicating the encoding format adopted by the second container.
  • the failure type is RLF, and the related wireless link failure recorded/stored by the terminal device
  • the information can be sent to the target network device.
  • the first network device since the encoding format of the first container in the first report is consistent with the communication standard of the target network device, the first network device may send the first container in the first report to The target network device, so that the target network device can easily and quickly parse the information related to the terminal device's wireless link failure, thereby reducing the complexity of the target network device's implementation, and effectively improving the network optimization parameters related to mobility Efficiency, improve the handover success rate of terminal equipment.
  • the target network device can further send information about the wireless link failure of the terminal device to the source network device. Since the encoding format of the second container is consistent with the communication format of the source network device, the source network After the device receives the third report from the target network device, it can correctly parse the information related to the wireless link failure of the terminal device contained in the second container, thereby reducing the implementation complexity of the source network device.
  • the cell where the wireless link fails is the source cell
  • the network device to which the cell where the wireless link fails is the source network device
  • the first container The encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device will be adopted.
  • the first network device can send the second report to the source network device according to the first report, and the second report Include the first container.
  • the source network device can receive the second report.
  • step S701-b includes that a wireless link failure occurs after the terminal device is connected to the source network device for a period of time.
  • Step S702-b includes generating a first report, the first report including a first container for carrying at least one item of information related to the radio link failure, and the first container adopts a communication standard corresponding to the source network device Encoding format.
  • Step S704-b includes that the first network device sends a second report to the source network device, and the second report includes the first container.
  • the source network device can correctly decode and obtain the information related to the wireless link failure in it, and according to the said and For information related to the connection failure, it is determined that the handover is too late, and/or the failure type is determined to be RLF.
  • the handover can be regarded as a too late handover.
  • the failure type is RLF
  • the information about the wireless link failure recorded/stored by the terminal device can be sent To the source network device.
  • the first network device since the encoding format of the first container in the first report is consistent with the communication standard of the source network device, the first network device may send the first container in the first report to Source network equipment, so that the source network equipment can easily and quickly parse the information related to the wireless link failure of the terminal device contained in the first container, thereby reducing the implementation complexity of the source network equipment and effectively improving the network optimization mobility The efficiency of related parameters improves the handover success rate of terminal equipment.
  • Example 2 introduces another specific example of the embodiment of the present application: Example 2.
  • the source base station is an LTE base station
  • the target base station is an NR base station.
  • the LTE base station as the source base station can be a base station connected to the core network of the 4G system or a base station connected to the core network of the 5G system. It is not limited.
  • the NR base station as the target base station is a base station connected to the core network of the 5G system. .
  • a handover preparation process is performed between the source base station and the target base station.
  • the source base station sends a handover message to the UE to instruct the UE to perform a cross-communication mode handover.
  • the source base station shown in Figure 8 is an LTE base station (such as eNB) connected to the core network of the 4G system
  • the target base station is an NR base station (such as NG-RAN or gNB) connected to the core network of the 5G system.
  • a management entity (mobility management entity, MME) is a core network device in a 4G system, and an access and mobility management network element (access and mobility management function, AMF) is a core network device in a 5G system. Therefore, the scenario shown in FIG. 8 is specifically a handover between communication modes and communication systems, but it should be understood that this is only an illustration.
  • the UE After the UE has successfully handed over from the source base station to the target base station (for example, after the UE sends a handover completion message (such as HO confirm) to the target base station), the UE quickly fails in the target base station radio link, and the terminal device attempts to rebuild at the LTE base station or NR base station /Resume connection.
  • the base station that the UE attempts to reestablish/restore connection is an LTE base station
  • the LTE base station and the LTE base station serving as the source base station may be the same base station or different base stations, and may be the same standard or different standards, and are not limited.
  • the cell where the UE tries to reestablish/restore the connection and the source cell can be the same cell or different cells; if the handover is an error handover, the UE tries to reestablish/restore the connection between the cell and the source cell, The target cell is a different cell.
  • the first base station and the base station where the UE tries to reestablish/restore the connection may be the same base station or different base stations.
  • the first report sent by the UE adopts the LTE coding format.
  • the first report includes a container (denoted as the first container here), and the first container includes information related to the UE radio link failure, such as cell information of the source cell, cell information of the cell where the connection failure occurred, and failure Type "RLF" etc.
  • the first container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the target base station, that is, an NR encoding format.
  • the first report may also include information for indicating the type of the first report or the switching scenario. That is, the first report may include first information, and the first information may indicate that the first report is a report for a cross-communication-standard handover scenario, that is, it indicates that the current handover belongs to a cross-communication-standard handover scenario.
  • the first report may also include second information. The second information indicates whether the first report is a report for a handover scenario across a communication system or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system, that is, it indicates that the current handoff belongs to a cross-communication system.
  • the switching scene of the system still belongs to the switching scene in the communication system.
  • the first base station After receiving the first report, the first base station can determine the connection with the radio link included in the first report based on the cell information of the source cell, the information of the cell where the connection failed, and the failure type "RLF" contained in the report. Part or all of the information related to the failure is forwarded to the target base station.
  • the first base station may send the first container in the first report to the target base station through a second report; in other words, the first base station may include the radio link failure related part or information contained in the first report. All information is sent to the target base station through the second report.
  • the target base station can correctly decode and obtain the information related to the wireless link failure, thereby simplifying the target base station The complexity of the implementation.
  • the second report may also include information for indicating the type of the second report or switching scenarios. That is, the second report may include third information, and the third information indicates that the second report is a report for a cross-communication-standard handover scenario, that is, it indicates that the current handover belongs to a cross-communication-standard handover scenario.
  • the second report may also include fourth information indicating that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system, that is, it indicates that the current handoff belongs to a cross-communication system.
  • the handover scene of the communication system still belongs to the handover scene in the communication system.
  • the target base station may determine that the handover is premature handover or erroneous handover according to the information related to the radio link failure included in the first container, and/or determine that the failure type is RLF, and determine that the source base station is an LTE base station.
  • the target base station can use the LTE encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source base station to process the information related to the wireless link failure obtained from the first container to obtain the second container, and then pass The third report sends the second container to the source base station.
  • the first report may further include a second container, and the second container adopts an LTE encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source base station. That is to say, the first report includes two containers, denoted as the first container and the second container, both of which include information related to wireless link failure, but the first container uses the communication standard with the target base station For the corresponding NR encoding format, the second container adopts the LTE encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source base station.
  • the first base station can send the first container and the second container to the target base station through the second report. In this way, after the target base station receives the second report, it can determine that the handover is premature handover or wrong handover, and/or the failure type is RLF. Since the target base station knows that the source base station is an LTE base station, the target base station can directly send the second container included in the second report to the source base station through the third report.
  • the third report may also include information for indicating the type of the third report or the switching scenario.
  • the third report may include fifth information indicating that the third report is a report for a cross-communication mode handover scenario, that is, it indicates that the current handover belongs to a cross-communication mode handover scenario.
  • the first report may also include sixth information indicating that the third report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system, that is, it indicates that the current handoff belongs to a cross-communication system.
  • the handover scene of the communication system still belongs to the handover scene in the communication system.
  • the third report may also include information indicating that the handover is premature handover or wrong handover.
  • the source base station is an NR base station
  • the target base station is an LTE base station.
  • the NR base station as the source base station is the base station connected to the core network of the 5G system
  • the LTE base station as the target base station can be the base station connected to the core network of the 4G system or the base station connected to the core network of the 5G system.
  • the terminal device After the UE has been connected to the source base station for a period of time, a radio link failure occurs, and the terminal device attempts to reestablish/restore the connection at the NR base station.
  • the NR base station that the UE attempts to reestablish/restore connection and the NR base station serving as the source base station may be the same base station or different base stations, and are not limited.
  • the cell where the UE tries to reestablish/restore connection and the source cell may be the same or different cells.
  • a connection failure occurs after the UE has been connected to the source base station for a period of time. It may be that the source base station has a radio link failure, and the handover message cannot be successfully sent to the UE, or the UE cannot successfully receive the handover message. In this case, the cell where the failure occurred is the source cell.
  • the first base station and the base station where the UE tries to reestablish/restore the connection may be the same base station or different base stations.
  • the first report sent by the UE adopts the NR coding format.
  • the first report includes a container (referred to as the first container here), and the first container includes information related to the UE radio link failure, such as cell information of the cell where the connection failure occurred (ie, the cell information of the source cell) , Failure type "RLF", etc.
  • the first container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source base station, that is, an NR encoding format.
  • the first report may also include information for indicating the type of the first report or the switching scenario. That is, the first report may include first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for a cross-communication-standard handover scenario, that is, it indicates that the current handover belongs to a cross-communication-standard handover scenario.
  • the first report may also include second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system, that is, it indicates that the current handoff belongs to a cross-communication system.
  • the handover scene of the communication system still belongs to the handover scene in the communication system.
  • the first base station After receiving the first report, the first base station can determine the connection failure cell information contained in the report (that is, the cell information of the source cell) and the failure type "RLF", etc., to determine whether the first report is included in the first report. Part or all of the information related to the link failure is forwarded to the source base station.
  • the first base station may send the first container in the first report to the source base station through a second report; in other words, the first base station may include the part related to the radio link failure in the first report Or all the information is sent to the source base station through the second report.
  • the source base station can correctly decode and obtain the information related to the wireless link failure therein, thereby simplifying the source base station The complexity of the implementation.
  • the first network device can pass through the X2/Xn interface Communicate directly with the source network device or the target network device, and send the first report (such as the RLF report) or part or all of the information contained in the first report received from the terminal device to the source network device or the target network device.
  • the first report such as the RLF report
  • the first network device can communicate indirectly with the source network device or the target network device through the core network device.
  • the first network device may send the first report (such as RLF report) received from the terminal device or part or all of the information contained in the first report to the core through the interface with the core network device, such as the S1/NG interface.
  • the core network equipment forwards the first report or part or all of the information contained in the first report to the source network equipment or the target network equipment.
  • the first network device may send an RLF report or part or all of the information contained in the RLF report to the source network device or the target network device through at least one of the following messages on the S1/NG interface:
  • Uplink RAN configuration transmission (UPLINK RAN CONFIGURATION TRANSFER) message
  • downlink RAN configuration transmission (DOWNLINK RAN CONFIGURATION TRANSFER) message
  • base station configuration transmission (eNB CONFIGURATION TRANSFER or gNB CONFIGURATION TRANSFER) message
  • core network equipment configuration transmission (MME CONFIGURATION TRANS or AMF CONFIGURATION) TRANSFER) messages or other messages.
  • the source network device and the target network device can also transmit information through the core network device.
  • the source network device and the target network device cannot directly communicate through the X2/Xn interface, and may exist in a scenario of switching across communication systems/switching across communication standards.
  • the source base station is an LTE base station connected to the core network of the 5G system
  • the target base station is an NR base station connected to the core network of the 5G system
  • the source base station and the target base station can directly pass through Xn interface communication.
  • the source base station is an LTE base station connected to the core network of the 4G system and the target base station is an NR base station connected to the core network of the 5G system
  • the source base station and the target base station cannot communicate directly through the X2/Xn interface. Because it is a cross-communication system handover, the message transmitted between the first network device and the target base station can be forwarded through the core network equipment (ie, MME, AMF), and the message transmitted between the target base station and the source base station can also be forwarded through the core network equipment ( That is, MME, AMF) perform forwarding.
  • MME core network equipment
  • the target base station can send part or all of the information received by the target base station from the first base station to the core network equipment through the interface between itself and the core network equipment (such as S1 or NG interface), and then the core network equipment can pass S1 or NG
  • the interface forwards part or all of the information received from the target base station to the source base station.
  • the terminal device/first network device/source network device/target network device is in a separate form including a CU node and a DU node
  • the CU node as the message/information receiver can include the received information Part or all of the information is sent to the DU node.
  • the CU node can be divided into a control plane (CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-UP)
  • the CU-CP node of the message/information receiver can select part of the received information or All information is sent to the CU-UP node.
  • the CU node, DU node, CU-CP node, and CU-UP node may correspond to the UE, or the first network device, or the source base station, or the target base station, or the UE detects Corresponding to the base station where RLF occurs.
  • the foregoing sending process between nodes is applicable to any of the method embodiments described above.
  • the terminal device sending the first report to the first network device
  • the CU node in the first network device can receive the report from the terminal device.
  • the first report may also send part or all of the information included in the received first report to the DU node.
  • the CU node can be divided into a control plane (CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-UP), it can also include the CU-CP node sending part or all of the information included in the received first report to the CU -UP node.
  • CU-CP control plane
  • CU-UP user plane
  • it can also include the CU-CP node sending part or all of the information included in the received first report to the CU -UP node.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication device 900 includes a transceiver module 910 and a processing module 920.
  • the communication device can be used to implement the functions related to terminal equipment in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be a terminal device, such as a handheld terminal device or a vehicle-mounted terminal device; the communication device may also be a chip or circuit included in the terminal device, or a device including the terminal device, such as various types of vehicles.
  • the processing module 920 is configured to fail to switch during an attempt to switch from the source network device to the target network device, and the source network device and the target network device
  • the network device is a network device that adopts different communication standards
  • the processing module 920 is further configured to generate a first report, the first report includes a container for carrying at least one piece of information related to the handover failure, and the container adopts and The coding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device
  • the transceiver module 910 is configured to send the first report to the first network device.
  • the first report further includes first information, and the first information indicates that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the first report further includes second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario in the communication system.
  • the transceiver module 910 is further configured to send first indication information to the first network device, where the first indication information indicates that the terminal device records the first report; and, receive the first report from the first network device. Two indication information, where the second indication information instructs the terminal device to report the first report.
  • the processing module 920 is used to, after successfully switching from the source network device to the target network device, a wireless link failure occurs in the target network device soon, or to communicate with the source network device.
  • a wireless link failure occurs after the network device is connected for a period of time.
  • the source network device and the target network device are network devices that use different communication standards;
  • the processing module 920 is also configured to generate a first report, and the first report includes information for carrying A first container of at least one piece of information related to the wireless link failure, where the first container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the network device to which the cell where the wireless link fails;
  • the transceiver module 910 is used to: Send the first report to the first network device.
  • the terminal device is successfully handed over from the source network device to the target network device, soon after the target network device has a wireless link failure, the network to which the cell where the wireless link fails belongs
  • the device is a target network device;
  • the first report also includes a second container for carrying the at least one piece of information related to the wireless link failure, and the second container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device .
  • the first report further includes first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the first report further includes second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario in a communication system.
  • the transceiver module 910 is further configured to send first indication information to the first network device, where the first indication information indicates that the terminal device records the first report; and, receive the first report from the first network device. Two indication information, where the second indication information instructs the terminal device to report the first report.
  • the processing module 920 involved in the communication device may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuit component, and the transceiver module 910 may be implemented by at least one transceiver or transceiver-related circuit component or a communication interface.
  • the operation and/or function of each module in the communication device is to realize the corresponding process of the method shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4a, Fig. 4b, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7a, Fig. 7b, or Fig. 8 respectively. For simplicity, I won't repeat them here.
  • the communication device may further include a storage module, which may be used to store data and/or instructions, and the transceiver module 910 and/or processing module 920 may read the data and/or instructions in the access module, So that the communication device implements the corresponding method.
  • the storage module may be realized by at least one memory, for example.
  • the foregoing storage module, processing module, and transceiver module may exist separately, or all or part of the modules may be integrated, for example, the storage module and the processing module are integrated, or the processing module and the transceiver module are integrated.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication device may specifically be a terminal device, and the communication device may be used to implement the function of the terminal device in any of the foregoing method embodiments. It is easy to understand and easy to illustrate.
  • the terminal device uses a mobile phone as an example.
  • the terminal device includes a processor, and may also include a memory, and of course, it may also include a radio frequency circuit, an antenna, an input and output device, and so on.
  • the processor is mainly used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the terminal device, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for the conversion of baseband signals and radio frequency signals and the processing of radio frequency signals.
  • the antenna is mainly used to transmit and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users. It should be noted that some types of terminal devices may not have input and output devices.
  • the processor When data needs to be sent, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and then outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and sends the radio frequency signal to the outside in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • FIG. 10 only one memory and processor are shown in FIG. 10. In an actual terminal device product, there may be one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or storage device.
  • the memory may be set independently of the processor, or may be integrated with the processor, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna and radio frequency circuit with the transceiving function can be regarded as the transceiving unit of the terminal device
  • the processor with the processing function can be regarded as the processing unit of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device includes a transceiver unit 1010 and a processing unit 1020.
  • the transceiving unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiving device, and so on.
  • the processing unit may also be called a processor, a processing board, a processing module, a processing device, and so on.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 1010 can be regarded as the receiving unit, and the device for implementing the sending function in the transceiver unit 1010 as the sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit 1010 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the transceiver unit may sometimes be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit.
  • the receiving unit may sometimes be called a receiver, a receiver, or a receiving circuit.
  • the transmitting unit may sometimes be called a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit.
  • transceiving unit 1010 is used to perform the sending and receiving operations on the terminal device side in the foregoing method embodiment, and the processing unit 1020 is used to perform other operations on the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiment except for the transceiving operation.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication device 1100 includes a transceiver module 1110 and a processing module 1120.
  • the communication device can be used to implement the functions related to the network device (such as the first network device or the target network device) in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be a network device or a chip or circuit included in the network device.
  • the transceiver module 1110 is configured to receive the first report from the terminal device. It includes a container for carrying at least one piece of information related to handover failure, the container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device; wherein the handover failure is a failure to switch from the source network device to the target network device ,
  • the source network device and the target network device are network devices that adopt different communication standards;
  • the processing module 1120 is configured to process the first report.
  • the processing module 1120 is specifically configured to obtain a container in the first report, and the first network device sends a second report to the source network device, and the second report includes the container.
  • the first report further includes first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for switching scenarios across communication standards; and/or, the second report also includes third information , The third information indicates that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the first report further includes second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system; and /Or, the second report further includes fourth information, the fourth information indicating that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario in the communication system.
  • the transceiver module 1110 is further configured to receive first indication information from the terminal device, the first indication information indicating that the terminal device has recorded the first report; and sending the second indication information to the terminal device, the The second indication information instructs the terminal device to report the first report.
  • the transceiver module 1110 is configured to receive a first report from the terminal device, and the first report includes information for carrying A first container of at least one piece of information related to a radio link failure, the first container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the network device to which the cell where the radio link fails;
  • the processing module 1120 is configured to: The transceiver module 1110 sends a second report to the network device to which the cell where the radio link fails, and the second report includes the first container.
  • the first report may further include the at least one used to carry the radio link failure related at least A second container of an item of information, the second container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device; the transceiver module 1110 is also used to send the second container to the target network device.
  • the first report further includes first information, the first information indicating that the first report is a report for switching scenarios across communication standards; and/or, the second report also includes third information , The third information indicates that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the first report further includes second information, the second information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system; and /Or, the second report further includes fourth information, the fourth information indicating that the second report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario in the communication system.
  • the transceiver module 1110 is further configured to receive first indication information from the terminal device, the first indication information indicating that the terminal device has recorded the first report; and, to send the second indication information to the terminal device, The second indication information instructs the terminal device to report the first report.
  • the transceiver module 1110 is configured to receive a second report from the first network device, and the second report includes A first container that carries at least one piece of information related to wireless link failure, and the first container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the target network device;
  • the processing module 1120 is configured to determine to switch to Premature handover or wrong handover, and/or, the failure type is determined to be wireless link failure;
  • the transceiver module 1110 is also configured to send a third report to the source network device, and the third report includes the bearer and wireless link failure
  • a second container of at least one piece of related information the second container adopts an encoding format corresponding to the communication standard of the source network device, and the source network device and the target network device are network devices that adopt different communication standards.
  • the transceiver module 1110 is also used to receive the second container from the first network device; or, the processing module 1120 is also used to: The at least one piece of information related to wireless link failure carried in a container is processed to obtain a second container.
  • the second report further includes third information, the third information indicating that the second report is a report for switching scenarios across communication standards; and/or, the third report also includes fifth information , The fifth information indicates that the third report is a report for a handover scenario across communication standards.
  • the second report also includes fourth information, the fourth information indicating that the first report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario within a communication system; and /Or, the third report further includes sixth information, the sixth information indicating that the third report is a report for a handover scenario across communication systems, or a report for a handover scenario in the communication system.
  • the third report also includes information indicating that the handover is premature handover or wrong handover.
  • the processing module 1120 involved in the communication device may be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuit components, and the transceiver module 1110 may be implemented by at least one transceiver or transceiver-related circuit components or a communication interface.
  • the operation and/or function of each module in the communication device is to realize the corresponding process of the method shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4a, Fig. 4b, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7a, Fig. 7b, or Fig. 8 respectively.
  • the communication device may further include a storage module, and the storage module may be used to store data and/or instructions.
  • the transceiver module 1010 and/or the processing module 1020 may read the data and/or instructions in the access module. So that the communication device implements the corresponding method.
  • the storage module may be realized by at least one memory, for example.
  • the foregoing storage module, processing module, and transceiver module may exist separately, or all or part of the modules may be integrated, for example, the storage module and the processing module are integrated, or the processing module and the transceiver module are integrated.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the communication device may be specifically a type of network equipment, such as a base station, which is used to implement functions related to a network equipment (such as a first network equipment or a target network equipment) in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the network device 1200 includes: one or more radio frequency units, such as a remote radio unit (RRU) 1201 and one or more baseband units (BBU) (also referred to as digital units, digital units, DU) 1202.
  • the RRU 1201 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., and it may include at least one antenna 12011 and a radio frequency unit 12012.
  • the RRU 1201 part is mainly used for receiving and sending radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals and baseband signals.
  • the part of the BBU 1202 is mainly used to perform baseband processing, control the base station, and so on.
  • the RRU 1201 and the BBU 1202 may be physically installed together, or may be physically separated, that is, a distributed base station.
  • the BBU 1202 is the control center of the base station, and may also be called a processing unit, which is mainly used to complete baseband processing functions, such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, and spreading.
  • the BBU (processing unit) 1202 may be used to control the base station to execute the operation procedure of the network device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the BBU 1202 may be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards may jointly support a radio access network (such as an LTE network) with a single access indication, or may respectively support different access standards. Wireless access network (such as LTE network, 5G network or other networks).
  • the BBU 1202 may further include a memory 12021 and a processor 12022, and the memory 12021 is used to store necessary instructions and data.
  • the processor 12022 is configured to control the base station to perform necessary actions, for example, to control the base station to perform the sending operation in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the memory 12021 and the processor 12022 may serve one or more single boards. In other words, the memory and the processor can be set separately on each board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits can be provided on each board.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, including: a processor, the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a program or instruction, when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the The chip system implements the method corresponding to the terminal device or the method corresponding to the network device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • processors in the chip system there may be one or more processors in the chip system.
  • the processor can be implemented by hardware or software.
  • the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, which is implemented by reading software codes stored in the memory.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or may be provided separately from the processor, which is not limited in this application.
  • the memory may be a non-transitory processor, such as a read-only memory ROM, which may be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or may be set on different chips.
  • the setting method of the processor is not specifically limited.
  • the chip system may be a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or a system on chip (SoC). It can also be a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processing circuit (digital signal processor, DSP), or a microcontroller (microcontroller).
  • the controller unit, MCU may also be a programmable controller (programmable logic device, PLD) or other integrated chips.
  • each step in the foregoing method embodiments may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer-readable instructions, and when the computer reads and executes the computer-readable instructions, the computer is caused to execute any of the above-mentioned method embodiments In the method.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product.
  • the computer reads and executes the computer program product, the computer is caused to execute the method in any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system.
  • the communication system includes a first network device and at least one terminal device.
  • the first network device may be a source network device, a target network device, or different from the source network. Device and other network devices of the target network device.
  • the communication system may also include a source network device and a target network device.
  • the communication system may also include core network equipment.
  • the communication system includes a first network device, a terminal device, a source network device, a target network device, a core network device, etc., which can cooperate with each other to implement any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the terminal equipment included in the communication system please refer to the description of the communication device in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 above. Any one of the first network device, the source network device, the target network device, and the core network device
  • any one of the first network device, the source network device, the target network device, and the core network device For the specific implementation manner, reference may be made to the description of the communication device in FIG.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processors, DSP), and application-specific integrated circuits ( application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • DSP digital signal processors
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • dynamic RAM dynamic RAM
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • synchronous dynamic random access memory synchronous DRAM, SDRAM
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous connection dynamic random access memory serial DRAM, SLDRAM
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM, DR RAM
  • the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component
  • the memory storage module
  • the disclosed system, device, and method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

一种通信方法及装置，该方法包括：在跨通信制式的切换场景中，终端设备在尝试从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备的过程中发生切换失败后，可生成并向第一网络设备发送第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器，该容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。由于终端设备记录的与切换失败相关的信息会发送给源网络设备，因此，该第一报告中用于承载与切换失败相关的信息的容器采用的编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致，可使源网络设备在接收到该容器后，能够方便、快速地解析出其中包含的与切换失败相关的信息，从而有效降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率。

Description

一种通信方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2020年05月21日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202010437690.2、申请名称为“一种通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
为了避免由于网络设备的切换参数配置不合理造成的连接失败，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)和新无线(new radio，NR)通信系统中均引入了移动鲁棒性优化(mobility robustness optimization，MRO)机制，MRO机制通过终端设备记录和上报移动性失败过程中的参数给网络，使得网络可以识别移动性相关参数的配置信息，从而及时优化移动性相关参数，提升终端设备的切换成功率。
现有技术中，当终端设备在同制式的网络设备间进行切换时，由于只需要考虑一种通信制式，因此，终端设备上报的报告中包含的信息采用的编码格式会与网络设备的通信制式保持一致。然而，在跨制式或跨系统的切换场景中，由于至少涉及两种通信制式或两种通信系统，终端设备上报的报告中的信息应采用何种编码格式，目前尚未存在明确的解决方案。若编码格式设置不合理，则会增加报告的接收节点的实现复杂度，降低网络运行效率。
发明内容
本申请实施例中的一种通信方法及装置，用于提供一种当终端设备在跨制式的网络设备间切换时失败相关参数的报告的编码和上报机制，以降低报告的接收节点的实现复杂度，提高网络运行效率。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可由终端设备执行，也可以由配置于终端设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，在本申请下文的描述中，将以终端设备执行该方法为例进行说明。
该方法可以包括：终端设备在尝试从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备的过程中发生切换失败，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备；终端设备生成第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器，该容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一报告。
本申请实施例中，终端设备在切换过程中发生切换失败的跨通信制式的切换场景中，终端设备记录的与切换失败相关的信息会发送给源网络设备。由于该第一报告中用于承载与切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器采用的编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，可使源网络设备在接收到该容器后，能够方便、快速地解析出其中包含的与切 换失败相关的信息，从而有效降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
本申请实施例中，通过在第一报告中携带第一信息，可指示出当前切换是属于跨通信制式的切换场景，从而便于网络针对该跨通信制式的切换场景，进行移动性相关参数的优化。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，该第一报告中还包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
本申请实施例中，通过在第一报告中携带第二信息，可指示出当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是通信系统内的切换场景，从而便于网络针对该跨通信系统的切换场景或通信系统内的切换场景，进行移动性相关参数的优化。
在第一方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还可以包括：终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有第一报告；终端设备接收来自第一网络设备的第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示终端设备上报第一报告。
本申请实施例中，终端设备可以在接收到第一网络设备的指示后上报第一报告，如此，可有效增强网络的控制功能，避免大量报告的无序上报造成上行拥塞。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由第一网络设备执行，也可以由配置于第一网络设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，该第一网络设备可以是源网络设备，也可以是目标网络设备，还可以是区别于源网络设备和目标网络设备的其他网络设备。在本申请下文的描述中，将以第一网络设备执行该方法为例进行说明。
该方法可以包括：第一网络设备接收来自终端设备的第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器，该容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；其中，所述切换失败是从源网络设备到目标网络设备的切换失败，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同的通信制式的网络设备；第一网络设备对该第一报告进行处理。
本申请实施例中，若第一网络设备与源网络设备是同一网络设备，那么该第一网络设备可以直接对该第一报告进行处理。若第一网络设备与源网络设备是不同的网络设备，那么该第一网络设备可以将第一报告中的容器转发给源网络设备。由于第一报告中的容器采用的编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，可使源网络设备在接收到该容器后，能够方便、快速地解析出其中包含的与切换失败相关的信息，从而有效降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率。
在第二方面的一种可能的设计中，所述第一网络设备对第一报告进行处理，可以包括：第一网络设备获取所述第一报告中的容器，第一网络设备向源网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括所述容器。
在第二方面的一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，第二报告中还包括第三信息，该第三信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
在第二方面的一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和 /或，第二报告中还包括第四信息，该第四信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
在第二方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还可以包括：第一网络设备接收来自终端设备的第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有第一报告；第一网络设备向终端设备发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示终端设备上报第一报告。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可由终端设备执行，也可以由配置于终端设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，在本申请下文的描述中，将以终端设备执行该方法为例进行说明。
该方法可以包括：终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，或者，终端设备与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备；终端设备生成第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与所述无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用与发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一报告。
本申请实施例中，发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备可以是目标网络设备或源网络设备。在终端设备成功切换到目标网络设备后，又与目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的跨通信制式的切换场景中，终端设备记录的与无线链路失败相关的信息会发送给目标网络设备。此时，由于第一报告中的第一容器的编码格式与目标网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，第一网络设备接收到第一报告后，可以直接将第一容器发送给目标网络设备，如此可使目标网络设备接收到该第一容器后，可以方便、快速地解析出其中包含的与终端设备无线链路失败相关的信息，从而降低目标网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
在终端设备还未接收到切换消息就与源网络设备发生连接失败的跨通信制式的切换场景中，终端设备记录的与无线链路失败相关的信息会发送给源网络设备。此时，由于第一报告中的第一容器的编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，第一网络设备接收到第一报告后，可以直接将第一容器发送给源网络设备，如此可使源网络设备接收到该第一容器后，可以方便、快速地解析出第一容器中包含的与终端设备无线链路失败相关的信息，从而降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，在终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的情况下，所述发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备为目标网络设备；第一报告中还包括用于承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，该第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
本申请实施例中，在终端设备成功切换到目标网络设备后，又与目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的跨通信制式的切换场景中，目标网络设备接收到第一容器后，还会将终端设备与无线链路失败相关的信息发送给源网络设备。鉴于此，第一报告包括与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式的第二容器，可使第一网络设备在接收到第一报告后，将其中的第二容器发送给目标网络设备，由目标网络设备再将该第二容器发送给源网络设备，从而降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一 报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
本申请实施例中，通过在第一报告中携带第一信息，可指示出当前切换是属于跨通信制式的切换场景，从而便于网络针对该跨通信制式的切换场景，进行移动性相关参数的优化。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
本申请实施例中，通过在第一报告中携带第二信息，可指示出当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是通信系统内的切换场景，从而便于网络针对该跨通信系统的切换场景或通信系统内的切换场景，进行移动性相关参数的优化。
在第三方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还可以包括：终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有第一报告；终端设备接收来自第一网络设备的第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示终端设备上报第一报告。
本申请实施例中，终端设备可以在接收到第一网络设备的指示后上报第一报告，如此，可有效增强网络的控制功能，避免大量报告的无序上报造成上行拥塞。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由第一网络设备执行，也可以由配置于第一网络设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，该第一网络设备可以是源网络设备，也可以是目标网络设备，还可以是区别于源网络设备和目标网络设备的其他网络设备。在本申请下文的描述中，将以第一网络设备执行该方法为例进行说明。
该方法可以包括：第一网络设备接收来自终端设备的第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用与所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；第一网络设备向所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括第一容器。
在第四方面的一种可能的设计中，当所述发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备为所述目标网络设备时，第一报告中还可包括用于承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，该第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；该方法还可以包括：第一网络设备向目标网络设备发送该第二容器。
本申请实施例中，在终端设备成功切换到目标网络设备后，又与目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的跨通信制式的切换场景中，目标网络设备接收到第一容器后，还会将终端设备与无线链路失败相关的信息发送给源网络设备。鉴于此，第一网络设备可以将采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式的第二容器发送给目标网络设备，从而便于目标网络设备再将该第二容器发送给源网络设备，从而降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
在第四方面的一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，第二报告中还包括第三信息，该第三信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
在第四方面的一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和/或，第二报告中还包括第四信息，该第四信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
在第四方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还可以包括：第一网络设备接收来自终端设 备的第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有第一报告；第一网络设备向终端设备发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示终端设备上报第一报告。
第五方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由目标网络设备执行，也可以由配置于目标网络设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)执行，在本申请下文的描述中，将以目标网络设备执行该方法为例进行说明。
该方法可以包括：目标网络设备接收来自第一网络设备的第二报告，该第二报告中包括用于承载与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；目标网络设备根据该第二报告，确定切换为过早切换或错误切换，和/或，确定失败类型为无线链路失败；目标网络设备向源网络设备发送第三报告，该第三报告中包括承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，该第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备。
本申请实施例中，在终端设备成功切换到目标网络设备后，又与目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的跨通信制式的切换场景中，发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备是目标网络设备，终端设备记录的与无线链路失败相关的信息会发送给目标网络设备。此时，由于第一报告中的第一容器的编码格式与目标网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，目标网络设备接收到该第一容器后，可以方便、快速地解析出其中包含的与终端设备无线链路失败相关的信息，从而降低目标网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
在第五方面的一种可能的设计中，该方法还可以包括：目标网络设备从第一网络设备接收第二容器；或者，目标网络设备根据与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，对第一容器中承载的所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息进行处理，得到第二容器。
本申请实施例中，在终端设备成功切换到目标网络设备后，又与目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的跨通信制式的切换场景中，目标网络设备接收到第一容器后，还会将终端设备与无线链路失败相关的信息发送给源网络设备。鉴于此，目标网络设备可以将采用与源网络设备的通信制式对应的编码格式的第二容器发送给源网络设备，该第二容器可以是目标网络设备处接收的，也可以是目标网络设备根据从第一容器中得到的与终端设备无线链路失败相关的信息进行处理得到的，如此，可有效增强该方法的灵活性，并降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，提升网络运行效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
在第五方面的一种可能的设计中，第二报告中还包括第三信息，该第三信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，第三报告中还包括第五信息，该第五信息指示第三报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
在第五方面的一种可能的设计中，第二报告中还包括第四信息，该第四信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和/或，第三报告中还包括第六信息，该第六信息指示第三报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
在第五方面的一种可能的设计中，第三报告中还包括指示切换为过早切换或错误切换的信息。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置具有实现上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中终端设备的功能，或具有实现上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种 可能的设计中终端设备的功能，该装置可以为终端设备，也可以为终端设备中包括的芯片。
该通信装置也可以具有实现上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中第一网络设备的功能，或具有实现上述第四方面或第四方面的任一种可能的设计中第一网络设备的功能，或具有实现上述第五方面或第五方面的任一种可能的设计中目标网络设备的功能，该装置可以为网络设备，也可以为网络设备中包括的芯片。
上述通信装置的功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块或单元或手段(means)。
在一种可能的设计中，该装置的结构中包括处理模块和收发模块，其中，处理模块被配置为支持该装置执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种设计中终端设备相应的功能，或者执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种设计中第一网络设备相应的功能，或者执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中终端设备相应的功能，或者执行上述第四方面或第四方面的任一种可能的设计中第一网络设备相应的功能，或者执行上述第五方面或第五方面的任一种可能的设计中目标网络设备相应的功能。收发模块用于支持该装置与其他通信设备之间的通信，例如该装置为终端设备时，可向第一网络设备发送第一报告。该通信装置还可以包括存储模块，存储模块与处理模块耦合，其保存有装置必要的程序指令和数据。作为一种示例，处理模块可以为处理器，通信模块可以为收发器，存储模块可以为存储器，存储器可以和处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置，本申请并不限定。
在另一种可能的设计中，该装置的结构中包括处理器，还可以包括存储器。处理器与存储器耦合，可用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序指令，以使装置执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或者执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或者执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或者执行上述第四方面或第四方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或者执行上述第五方面或第五方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。可选地，该装置还包括通信接口，处理器与通信接口耦合。当装置为网络设备或终端设备时，该通信接口可以是收发器或输入/输出接口；当该装置为网络设备中包含的芯片或终端设备中包含的芯片时，该通信接口可以是芯片的输入/输出接口。可选地，收发器可以为收发电路，输入/输出接口可以是输入/输出电路。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片系统实现上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或实现上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或实现上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或实现上述第四方面或第四方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或实现上述第五方面或第五方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
可选地，该芯片系统还包括接口电路，该接口电路用于交互代码指令至所述处理器。
可选地，该芯片系统中的处理器可以为一个或多个，该处理器可以通过硬件实现也可以通过软件实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等。当通过软件实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现。
可选地，该芯片系统中的存储器也可以为一个或多个。该存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置，本申请并不限定。示例性的，存储器可以是非瞬时性处理器，例如只读存储器ROM，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请对存储器的类型，以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不作具体限定。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令被执行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第四方面或第四方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第五方面或第五方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机程序产品时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第四方面或第四方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第五方面或第五方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法，或执行上述第六方面或第六方面的任一种可能的设计中的方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括第一网络设备和至少一个终端设备，该第一网络设备可以是源网络设备，也可以是目标网络设备，还可以是区别于源网络设备和目标网络设备的其他网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可以包括源网络设备和目标网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可包括核心网设备。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例适用的一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图2a至图2d为本申请实施例提供的几种可能的切换场景的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图4a和图4b为本申请实施例中第一网络设备对第一报告进行处理的两种可能的实现方式的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中终端设备发送第一报告的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图7a和图7b为本申请实施例中第一网络设备向发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备发送第二报告的两种可能的实现方式的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中提供的一个具体示例(示例2)的示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的另一结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的另一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通信(global system for mobile communications，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、 通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、LTE系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WIMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或NR系统，或者应用于未来的通信系统或其它类似的通信系统等。
请参考图1，为本申请实施例适用的一种通信系统的网络架构示意图，该网络架构中包括核心网设备110、无线接入网设备120、和至少一个终端设备(如图1中所示的终端设备130和140)。
其中，终端设备通过无线方式与无线接入网设备连接，无线接入网设备通过无线或有线的方式与核心网设备连接。核心网设备与无线接入网设备可以是独立的不同的物理设备，也可以是将核心网设备的功能与无线接入网设备的逻辑功能集成在同一个物理设备上，还可以是一个物理设备上集成了部分核心网设备的功能和部分的无线接入网设备的功能。
应理解，图1中所示的通信系统仅为示意图，该通信系统中还可以包括其他类型的网络设备，例如无线中继设备或无线回传设备，在图1中未画出。尽管图1中仅示出了一个终端设备，但应理解，本申请实施例对该通信系统中包括的核心网设备、无线接入网设备、终端设备、以及无线回传设备的数量均不作限定。
本申请实施例中所提及的无线接入网设备在不同的通信系统可对应不同的设备，例如在5G系统中对应5G中的接入网设备，例如gNB，在4G系统中对应4G中的接入网设备，例如eNB。
无线接入网设备与终端设备之间以及终端设备和终端设备之间，可以通过授权频谱(licensed spectrum)进行通信，也可以通过非授权频谱(unlicensed spectrum)进行通信，也可以同时通过授权频谱和非授权频谱进行通信。无线接入网设备和终端设备之间以及终端设备和终端设备之间可以通过6吉兆赫(gigahertz，GHz)以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6GHz以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6GHz以下的频谱和6GHz以上的频谱进行通信。本申请实施例对无线接入网设备和终端设备之间所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
本申请实施例应用于小区切换的场景下，终端设备可能会因位置的移动、业务的变化、网络覆盖情况的改变或是其它原因而发生从源网络设备到目标网络设备的切换。其中，源网络设备是指终端设备在执行切换前接入的网络设备或者说是切换前为终端设备提供服务的网络设备，目标网络设备是指终端设备需要切换至的网络设备或者说是终端设备在成功执行切换后接入的网络设备或者说是切换成功后为终端设备提供服务的网络设备。相应的，源小区是指终端设备在执行切换前接入的小区，该源小区为源网络设备覆盖下的小区，或者说源小区为源网络设备管辖的小区。目标小区是指终端设备在执行切换后接入的小区，该目标小区为目标网络设备覆盖下的小区，或者说目标小区为目标网络设备管辖的小区。
现有的通信系统中可以支持多种系统或多种制式之间的移动性，例如异系统切换(inter-system handover，inter-system HO)、异制式切换(inter radio access technology handover，inter RAT HO)等。
所述异系统(inter-system)是指不同的通信系统，如2G、3G、4G、5G或未来的通信系统是不同的通信系统。一般来说，系统是根据核心网设备所属的系统来确定的。类似的，所述同系统(intra-system)是指相同的通信系统。
所述异制式(inter-RAT)是指不同的通信制式，即不同的无线接入技术(radio access  technology，RAT)，如2G、3G、4G、5G或未来的网络制式是不同的通信制式。一般来说，制式是根据接入网设备所属的通信制式(即采用的RAT)确定的。类似的，同制式(intra-RAT)是指相同的通信制式。
鉴于此，本申请实施例在5G场景中引入了连接5G系统的核心网的4G基站，也称LTE基站或ng-eNB，对应的小区可以称为eLTE小区，在4G场景中引入了连接4G系统的核心网的5G基站，也称NR基站，或en-gNB，对应的小区可以称为eLTE小区。
请参考图2a至图2d，为本申请实施例提供的几种可能存在的切换场景的示意图。应注意，图中所示的5GC是指5G系统的核心网，即第五代核心网(5th generation core，5GC)；EPC是指4G系统中的核心网，即演进分组核心网(evolved packet core，EPC)。
如图2a所示，连接4G核心网的LTE基站与连接5G核心网的LTE基站是不同的系统相同的制式。如此，终端设备从连接4G核心网的LTE基站切换到连接5G核心网的LTE基站，属于异系统同制式(inter-system intra-RAT)的切换场景；同理，终端设备从连接5G核心网的LTE基站切换到连接4G核心网的LTE基站，也属于异系统同制式(inter-system intra-RAT)的切换场景。
如图2b所示，连接5G核心网的NR基站与连接4G核心网的LTE基站是不同的系统不同的制式。如此，终端设备从连接5G核心网的NR基站切换到连接4G核心网的LTE基站，属于异系统异制式(inter-system inter-RAT)的切换场景；同理，终端设备从连接4G核心网的LTE基站切换到连接5G核心网的NR基站，也属于异系统异制式(inter-system inter-RAT)的切换场景。
如图2c所示，连接5G核心网的LTE基站与连接5G核心网的NR基站是相同的系统不同的制式。如此，终端设备从连接5G核心网的LTE基站切换到连接5G核心网的NR基站，属于同系统异制式(intra-system inter-RAT)的切换场景；同理，终端设备从连接5G核心网的NR基站切换到连接5G核心网的LTE基站也属于同系统异制式(intra-system inter-RAT)的切换场景。
如图2d所示，连接5G核心网的NR基站1与连接5G核心网的NR基站2是相同的系统相同的制式。如此，终端设备从连接5G核心网的NR基站1切换到连接5G核心网的NR基站2，属于同系统同制式(intra-system intra-RAT)的切换场景；同理，终端设备从连接5G核心网的NR基站2切换到连接5G核心网的NR基站1也属于同系统同制式(intra-system intra-RAT)的切换场景。
应理解，本申请实施例中，所述异系统的切换也可称为跨系统的切换或跨通信系统的切换，所述同系统的切换也可称为系统内的切换或通信系统内的切换。所述异制式的切换也可以称为跨制式的切换或跨通信制式的切换，所述同制式的切换也可以称为同通信制式的切换，下文不再赘述。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着通信网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
下面对本申请实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)本申请实施例中所涉及的终端设备，是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持、穿戴或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还 可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等。所述终端设备可以经无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)与核心网进行通信，与RAN交换语音和/或数据。所述终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等等。本申请的实施例对应用场景不做限定。终端设备有时也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台和远方站等，本申请的实施例对终端设备所采用的具体技术、设备形态以及名称不做限定。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，该终端设备还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备或智能穿戴式设备等，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能头盔、智能首饰等。
本申请实施例中的终端设备还可以是作为一个或多个部件或者单元而内置于车辆的车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元，车辆通过内置的所述车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元可以实施本申请的方法。
2)本申请实施例中所涉及的无线接入网设备，是网络中用于将终端设备接入到无线网络的设备。所述无线接入网设备可以为无线接入网中的节点，又可以称为基站，还可以称为RAN节点。在本申请中，无线接入网设备可以简称为网络设备，如无特殊说明，在下文的描述中的网络设备均指无线接入网设备。
所述网络设备可以包括长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统或演进的LTE系统(LTE-Advanced，LTE-A)中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，如传统的宏基站eNB和异构网络场景下的微基站eNB，或者也可以包括第五代移动通信技术(5th generation，5G)新无线(new radio，NR)系统中的下一代节点B(next generation node B，gNB)，或者还可以包括无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)、基带池BBU pool，或无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)接入点(access point，AP)、接入回传一体化(integrated access and backhaul，IAB)节点等，再或者还可以包括云接入网(cloud radio access network，CloudRAN)系统中的集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和/或分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，本申请实施例并不限定。
例如，在一种网络结构中，网络设备可以为CU节点、或DU节点、或为包括CU节点和DU节点的接入网设备。进一步地，CU节点可以划分为控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)，其中CU-CP负责控制面功能，主要包含无线资源控制(radio resource control， RRC)和分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)-C，PDCP-C主要负责控制面数据的加解密，完整性保护，数据传输等。CU-UP负责用户面功能，主要包含服务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)和PDCP-U，SDAP主要负责将核心网的数据进行处理并将流(flow)映射到承载(bearer)，PDCP-U主要负责数据面的加解密，完整性保护，头压缩，序列号维护，数据传输等。CU-CP与CU-UP可通过E1接口连接。CU-CP代表CU通过Ng接口和核心网连接，通过F1-C(控制面)和DU连接。CU-UP通过F1-U(用户面)和DU连接。当然还有一种可能的实现是PDCP-C也在CU-UP。
3)需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”可被互换使用。“多个”是指两个或两个以上，鉴于此，本申请实施例中也可以将“多个”理解为“至少两个”。“至少一个”，可理解为一个或多个，例如理解为一个、两个或更多个。例如，包括至少一个，是指包括一个、两个或更多个，而且不限制包括的是哪几个。例如，包括A、B和C中的至少一个，那么包括的可以是A、B、C，A和B，A和C，B和C，或A和B和C。同理，对于“至少一种”等描述的理解，也是类似的。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，字符“/”，如无特殊说明，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
除非有相反的说明，本申请实施例提及“第一”、“第二”等序数词用于对多个对象进行区分，不用于限定多个对象的顺序、时序、优先级或者重要程度，并且“第一”、“第二”的描述也并不限定对象一定不同。
可以理解，本申请实施例中，终端设备和/或网络设备可以执行本申请实施例中的部分或全部步骤，这些步骤或操作仅是示例，本申请实施例还可以执行其它操作或者各种操作的变形。此外，各个步骤可以按照本申请实施例呈现的不同的顺序来执行，并且有可能并非要执行本申请实施例中的全部操作。
请参考图3，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图，该方法包括：
步骤S301、终端设备在尝试从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备的过程中发生切换失败，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备。
本申请实施例中，源网络设备与目标网络设备采用不同的通信制式，即异制式，是指源网络设备与目标网络设备采用的无线接入技术RAT不同。例如，源网络设备可以为NR基站，目标网络设备可以为LTE基站；或者，源网络设备可以为LTE基站，目标网络设备可以为NR基站；或者，源网络设备可以为NR基站，目标网络设备可以为NR演进基站；本实施例对此不做限定。
具体的，终端设备从源网络设备接收到切换消息后，尝试从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备，但是终端设备未能成功切换至目标网络设备，例如，终端设备与目标网络设备的随机接入过程失败。其中，所述切换消息指示终端设备执行从源网络设备到目标网络设备的切换，或者，所述切换消息指示终端设备执行从源小区到目标小区的切换，该切换消息也可以称为切换命令或重配置消息或其他名称，本申请并不限定。例如，切换消息可以是MobilityFromEUTRACommand或MobilityFromNRCommand或其他消息。
可选的，终端设备在尝试从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备的过程中发生切换失败后，可确定失败类型(或连接失败类型)为切换失败(handover failure，HOF)。
发生切换失败后，终端设备可以与源网络设备或其他网络设备进行连接恢复，或者说进行重建立。例如，终端设备可以重建到源网络设备或其他网络设备，该其他网络设备与源网络设备采用的通信制式可以相同或不同，该其他网络设备与源网络设备所属的通信系统可以相同或不同。其中，重建立小区可以是源小区，或不同于源小区、目标小区的其他小区，本申请不做限定。
步骤S302、终端设备生成第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器(container)，该容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
所述第一报告中的部分信息可以是失败发生时，终端设备记录/生成的，例如，失败小区的小区信息、连接失败类型、源小区的小区信息、连接失败后发起连接重建立或连接恢复的小区的小区信息、连接失败时间等；或者，该第一报告中的部分信息可以是终端设备进行信息上报时，终端设备记录/生成的，例如，失败后的时间。具体地，失败小区的小区信息、连接失败类型、源小区的小区信息、连接失败后发起连接重建立或连接恢复的小区的小区信息、连接失败时间、失败后的时间等可参考下文中的描述。
所述第一报告也可以称为无线链路失败(radio link failure，RLF)报告，或连接失败报告，或第一消息，或者具有其他名称，本申请并不限定。上述用于承载与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器，也可以称为切换失败容器。其中，容器可以理解为是封装信息的载体或者一种封装信息的数据结构。
本申请实施例中，由于终端设备接收到切换消息后，在尝试从源网络设备切换至目标网络设备的过程中，发生切换失败，即失败类型为“HOF”，因此，终端设备记录/存储信息时，确定所述容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。例如，当源网络设备为NR基站时，该容器采用NR编码格式；当源网络设备为LTE基站时，该容器采用LTE编码格式。所述编码格式也可以称为编码方式、编码策略等。
所述容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式也可以理解为，该容器采用与终端设备上一次/最近一次接收到切换消息时的源小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，或者该容器采用与上一次/最近一次向终端设备发送切换消息的网络设备相对应的编码格式。也就是说，源网络设备是指终端设备上一次/最近一次接收到切换消息时的源小区所属的网络设备，或者上一次/最近一次向终端设备发送切换消息的网络设备。
本申请实施例中，所述容器可以看做是第一报告中包括的与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的集合。例如，所述第一报告或者所述容器中包含的与切换失败相关的信息可包括下列信息中的一项或多项：
1)失败小区的小区信息(如failedPcellID)，在发生切换失败的场景下，所述失败小区(如failedPcell)可以包括切换失败的目标小区。
2)连接失败类型(connectionFailureType)，连接失败类型也可以简称为失败类型。通常连接失败类型具有HOF或RLF两种取值，在本实施例中发生切换失败的场景中，失败类型具体是HOF。也就是说HOF是连接失败的一种。
3)终端设备上一次/最近一次接收到切换消息时的源小区的小区信息(如previousPCellID)。
4)终端设备连接失败后发起连接重建立或连接恢复的小区的小区信息(reestablishmentCellID)。
5)终端设备在发生失败的小区中的标识信息，例如可以是发生失败的小区为该终端设备分配的小区无线网络临时标识(cell radio network temporary identifier，C-RNTI)。
当连接失败类型为HOF时，该C-RNTI可以包括源小区为该终端设备分配的C-RNTI，和/或，目标小区为该终端设备分配的C-RNTI。
6)连接失败时间(timeConnFailure)，该连接失败时间是指从上一次/最后/最近一次接收到切换消息到连接失败发生时的时间段信息。
7)失败后的时间(timeSinceFailure)，该失败后的时间是指从连接失败发生时开始记录的时间长度，一般是指从连接失败到上报报告(如第一报告)的时间段信息。
8)从连接失败到连接恢复的时间段信息。
9)源小区、目标小区和重建立小区(或连接恢复的小区)中的一个或多个小区的信号质量。
应理解，所述小区信息可以包括小区全局标识(cell global identifier，CGI)、物理小区标识(physical cell identifier，PCI)、频点信息、跟踪区码(tracking area code，TAC)、RAN区域码(RAN area code，RAN AC)中的至少一种。其中，所述CGI可以包括公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network identifier，PLMN ID)和小区标识(cell identifier)。
所述信号质量可以包括以下至少一种：接收信号码功率(received signal code powe，RSCP)、参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power，RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(reference signal receiving quality，RSRQ)、信噪比(signal noise ratio，SNR)、信号与干扰加噪声比(signal to interference plus noise ratio，SINR)、参考信号强度指示(reference signal strength indication，RSSI)。所述信号质量可以指小区的信号质量，和/或，属于该小区的波束的信号质量。
需要说明的是，该实施例中，连接失败类型可以为HOF。
可选的，该第一报告中还可包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。或者也可以理解为，该第一信息指示当前切换属于跨通信制式的切换场景。如上文所述，所述跨制式也可称为异制式，是指源网络设备与目标网络设备的通信制式不同，即本实施例中的跨通信制式是从接入网的维度衡量的。
可选的，该第一报告中还可包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。或者也可以理解为，该第二信息指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换，还是属于通信系统内的切换。所述跨通信系统也可以称为异系统，所述通信系统内也可以称为同系统。例如，第二信息可以为信元“Inter-system HO”，则当第一报告中包含该第二信息时，表示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者，当第一报告中不包含该第二信息时，表示第一报告是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。又例如，第二信息可以为信元“Intra-system HO”，则当第一报告中包含该第二信息时，表示第一报告是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，或者，当第一报告中不包含该第二信息时，表示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告。需要说明的是，本实施例中，是否为跨通信系统是从核心网的维度衡量的。
可以看出，本申请实施例适用的切换场景可以是异系统异制式的切换，也可以是同系统异制式的切换。
具体的，若第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，则表示切换场景是异系统异制式的切换，即源网络设备与目标网络设备不仅采用不同的通信制式，而且还分别连接 到不同通信系统的核心网。例如，源网络设备和目标网络设备中的一个是NR基站，该NR基站连接到5G系统的核心网5GC，另一个是LTE基站，该LTE基站连接到4G系统的核心网EPC。
若第一报告是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，则表示切换场景是同系统异制式的切换，即源网络设备与目标网络设备采用不同的通信制式，但连接到相同通信系统的核心网。例如，源网络设备与目标网络设备中的一个是NR基站，另一个是LTE基站，该NR基站与LTE基站均连接到5GC，或者该NR基站与LTE基站均连接到EPC。
上述第一信息和第二信息可以看做是用于指示第一报告的类型或第一报告针对的切换场景的信息。可以理解，所述第一信息可以包含在第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中，也可以包含在第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，本申请并不限定。类似的，所述第二信息可以包含在第一报告的所述切换失败容器中，也可以包含在第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，本申请同样不作限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括第一信息的一个副本，该副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，即该副本采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外。在另一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括第一信息的两个副本，其中一个副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，另一个副本的编码方式与源网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即第一信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中。
类似的，在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括第二信息的一个副本，该副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，即该副本采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外。在另一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括第二信息的两个副本，其中一个副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，另一个副本的编码方式与源网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即第二信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中。
可选的，该第一报告中还可以包括指示所述容器采用的编码格式的信息，即第一报告中包含的与切换失败相关的信息的编码格式。该信息可以包含在第一报告中的所述容器中，也可以包含在第一报告中的所述容器之外，本申请并不限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括该指示所述容器采用的编码格式的信息的一个副本，该副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，即该副本采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外。在另一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括该指示所述容器采用的编码格式的信息的两个副本，其中一个副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致， 另一个副本的编码方式与源网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即第一信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中。
步骤S303、终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一报告。
所述第一网络设备可以是源网络设备，也可以是目标网络设备，还可以是区别于源网络设备、目标网络设备的其他网络设备，例如切换失败后进行连接恢复或重建的网络设备，本申请并不限定。可以理解，若第一网络设备是源网络设备，那么表示终端设备可直接向源网络设备发送第一报告。
可选的，第一报告采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，以便于第一网络设备读取或解析该第一报告中包含的信息。应注意，本申请实施例中，第一报告的编码格式与第一报告中的切换失败容器的编码格式可以是不同的概念，也就是说，当第一报告和切换失败容器均采用某一通信制式对应的编码格式时，第一报告的编码格式与切换失败容器的编码格式仍可以相同或不同，不作限定。
可选的，第一报告中可以包含第三容器，该第三容器采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。该第三容器可以看做是第一报告中包括的与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的集合。该第三容器中包含的内容可参考切换失败容器所包含的内容，不做赘述。
相应的，第一网络设备接收来自终端设备的第一报告。
步骤S304、第一网络设备对第一报告进行处理。
本申请实施例中，第一报告可以是在切换失败场景下发送的，例如，终端设备可以在过早切换(to early handover event)或错误切换(handover to wrong cell event)的场景下发送第一报告，失败类型为HOF。
在一种可能的实现方式中，如图4a所示，若第一网络设备是源网络设备，即该第一网络设备与源网络设备是同一网络设备，第一网络设备接收到第一报告后，对第一报告进行处理可以包括(对应图4a中的步骤S404-a)：根据第一报告中包含的所述与切换失败相关的信息以及其他信息(例如接收到该第一报告的时间、发送切换消息的时间等)，确定切换为过早切换或错误切换，和/或，确定失败类型为HOF。图4a中步骤S401至步骤S403的具体实施方式可参考对图3中相应步骤的描述。
进而，第一网络设备可根据该切换是过早切换还是错误切换，以及失败类型HOF，对终端设备的移动性相关参数进行优化，例如，基于接收到的切换失败相关的信息，第一网络设备可以确定合适的小区/目标网络设备作为目标小区/目标网络设备，或者，确定合适的切换消息的发送时机，或者，调整目标小区/目标网络设备对应的切换所需的相应参数(如，用于切换的资源配置信息等)。从而提高终端设备的切换成功率。所述错误切换可以是指切换到错误的小区。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，如图4b所示，若第一网络设备不是源网络设备，即该第一网络设备与源网络设备是不同的网络设备，第一网络设备接收到第一报告后，对第一报告进行处理可以包括(对应图4b中的步骤S404-b)：获取第一报告中的所述切换失败容器，然后向源网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括所述切换失败容器。也就是说， 第一网络设备可以向终端设备上一次/最近一次收到切换消息时的小区(如previousPCell)所属的网络设备或源小区所属的网络设备发送第二报告，从而将切换失败容器转发给源网络设备。相应的，源网络设备可以接收来自第一网络设备的第二报告所述第二报告也可以称为切换报告(即HO报告)，或RLF报告，或第二消息，或其它名称，本申请并不限定。图4b中步骤S401至步骤S403的具体实施方式可参考对图3中相应步骤的描述。
可选的，源网络设备接收该第二报告后，可根据该第二报告中包含的所述与切换失败相关的至少一项信息，或者，根据切换失败容器中包含的内容，识别该切换为过早切换或错误切换，失败类型为HOF，然后相应优化移动性相关配置参数。例如，基于接收到的切换失败相关的信息，源网络设备可以确定合适的小区/目标网络设备作为目标小区/目标网络设备，或者，确定合适的切换消息的发送时机。应注意，本申请实施例中，第二报告中包括容器是指，第二报告中包括的所述与切换失败相关的信息可以与第一报告中包括的所述与切换失败相关的信息相同，或者说，第二报告中包括的容器内的具体内容，与第一报告中包括的容器内的具体内容，可以部分相同或完全相同。但这并不表示第二报告中包括的与切换失败相关的信息与第一报告中包括的与切换失败相关的信息绝对相同，第二报告中包括的所述与切换失败相关的信息可以是第一报告中包括的所述与切换失败相关的信息中的部分或全部信息。
可选的，第一网络设备的通信制式与源网络设备的通信制式可以相同，也可以不同。若第一网络设备的通信制式与源网络设备的通信制式相同，第一网络设备可根据该第一报告中或所述切换失败容器中包含的与切换失败相关的信息，识别切换是过早切换或错误切换，可选地，将识别出的结果通知源网络设备，或者，对终端设备的移动性相关参数进行优化。然后向源网络设备发送所述与切换失败相关的信息或切换失败容器。
若第一网络设备的通信制式与源网络设备的通信制式不同，那么该第一报告中还可包括承载所述与切换失败相关的至少一项信息的第三容器，该第三容器采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，以便于第一网络设备解析并获取其中的信息。可以理解，第三容器中包含的与切换失败相关的信息与第一容器中包含的与切换失败相关的信息可以完全相同或部分相同。
可选的，该第二报告中还可以包括第三信息，该第三信息指示该第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
可选的，该第二报告中还可以包括第四信息，该第四信息指示该第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景报告。
可以理解，所述第二报告中的第三信息可以包含在第二报告中的所述容器中，也可以包含在第二报告中的所述容器之外，本申请并不限定。类似的，所述第四信息可以包含在第二报告的所述容器中，也可以包含在第二报告中的所述容器之外，本申请同样不作限定。
所述第三信息和第四信息也可以理解为用于指示第二报告的类型，或第二报告针对的切换场景的信息。第三信息的具体实施方式可参考上文中对第一信息的描述，第四信息的具体实施方式可参考上文中对第二信息的描述，不再赘述。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，终端设备在发送第一报告前，可与网络设备重建/恢复连接，但应注意，终端设备重建/恢复连接的网络设备与源网络设备可以是同一个网络设备，也可以是不同的网络设备，不作限定。可选的，终端设备重建/恢复连接的网络设备的通信制式与源网络设备的通信制式可以相同或不同。且，第一网络设备与终端设备重建 /恢复连接的网络设备可以是同一个网络设备或不同的网络设备。
进一步地，在切换过程中发生切换失败的场景下，如果终端设备尝试重建/恢复连接的小区与源小区是同一个小区，或者是不同的小区但与源小区属于同一个网络设备(即源网络设备)，或者是不同的小区但与源网络设备属于同一个通信制式，则该切换可以看做是过早切换。如果终端设备尝试重建/恢复连接的小区与源小区、目标小区是不同的小区，该小区与源小区不属于同一个网络设备，或者该小区所属的网络设备与源网络设备不属于同一个通信制式，则该切换可以看做是错误切换。
由此可知，在未能成功切换到目标网络设备的跨通信制式的切换场景中，失败类型为HOF，终端设备记录/存储的有关切换失败的信息可以发送给源网络设备。本申请实施例中，由于第一报告中的容器的编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，第一网络设备接收到第一报告后，可以将该容器发送给源网络设备，进而源网络设备可以方便、快速地解析出其中包含的与终端设备切换失败有关的信息，从而降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，有效提升网络优化移动性相关参数的效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
可选的，在执行步骤S303之前，即终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一报告之前，终端设备与第一网络设备之间还可执行如图5所示的流程。
具体的，在步骤S501中，若终端设备记录/存有切换失败相关的至少一项信息，或终端设备记录/存有上述切换失败容器，则终端设备可以向第一网络设备发送第一指示信息，该第一信息指示终端设备记录/存有所述第一报告。可选的，该第一指示信息还可具体指示该第一报告是针对跨制式的切换场景的报告，和/或，该第一指示信息还可具体指示该第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
进而，在步骤S502中，接收到终端设备发送的第一指示信息后，第一网络设备可向终端设备发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示请求终端设备上报所述第一报告。随后，在步骤S503中，终端设备在接收到第二指示信息后，可向第一网络设备发送所述第一报告。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，步骤S502也可以为，第一网络设备向终端设备发送请求消息，该请求消息用于请求终端设备上报第一报告，该请求消息可以为UEInformtionRequest消息，或其它消息，本申请并不限定。
相应的，步骤S503可以为，终端设备接收该请求消息后，向第一网络设备发送响应消息。该响应消息可以为UEInformationResponse消息，或其它消息，本申请并不限定。该响应消息中包括终端设备记录的与切换失败相关的信息，具体内容可参考上文中对第一报告/容器中包含的内容的描述。可选的，该响应消息中还可以包括上文中所述的第一信息和/或第二信息。可选的，该响应消息中还可包括指示与切换失败相关的信息的编码方式的信息。可以理解，终端设备可以通过该响应消息来发送第一报告中包含的全部或部分信息。
下面介绍本申请实施例的一个具体示例：示例1。
在该示例中，源基站为LTE基站，目标基站为NR基站。其中，作为源基站的LTE基站可以是连接4G系统的核心网的基站，也可以是连接5G系统的核心网的基站，并不限定，作为目标基站的NR基站是连接5G系统的核心网的基站。
UE在从源基站切换到目标基站的过程中发生切换失败，终端设备在LTE基站尝试重建/恢复连接。UE尝试重建/恢复连接的LTE基站与作为源基站的LTE基站可以是同一个 基站，也可以是不同的基站，并不限定。终端设备尝试重建/恢复连接的小区可以是源小区，或者是不同于源小区的小区但该小区与源小区属于同一个基站(即源基站)，或者是不同于源小区的小区但该小区与源基站属于同一个通信制式(即LTE制式)，或者是不同于源小区、目标小区的小区，且该小区与源小区不属于同一个基站或者管理该小区的基站所属的通信制式不是LTE制式。
假设UE将记录的第一报告发送给第一基站，并假设该第一基站的通信制式为LTE(即该第一基站也是一个LTE基站)，那么UE发送的第一报告采用LTE编码格式。该第一报告中包括一个容器(这里记作第一容器)，该第一容器中包括与UE切换失败相关的信息，如源小区的小区信息、目标小区的小区信息、失败类型“HOF”、连接恢复的小区的小区信息、收到切换消息到切换失败的时间段信息、切换失败到上报第一报告的时间段信息、切换失败到连接恢复的时间段信息等信息中的一种或多种。该第一容器采用与源基站的通信制式相对应的编码格式，即LTE编码格式。
可选的，该第一报告中还可包括用于指示第一报告的类型或者切换场景的信息。例如，该第一报告中可包括第一信息，该第一信息可指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换属于跨通信制式的切换场景。该第一报告中还可包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是属于通信系统内的切换场景。
第一基站接收到该第一报告后，可根据该报告中包含的源小区的小区信息、失败类型“HOF”等，确定将该第一报告中包含的与切换失败相关的部分或全部信息转发给源基站。作为一种示例，第一基站可以将该第一报告中的第一容器通过第二报告发送给源基站；或者说，第一基站可以将该第一报告中包含的切换失败相关的部分或全部信息通过第二报告发送给源基站。如此，由于第一容器采用LTE编码格式，因此源基站接收到该第一容器后，可正确解码并获得其中的与切换失败相关的信息，从而降低源基站的实现复杂度。
请参考图6，为本申请提供的另一种通信方法的流程示意图，该方法包括：
步骤S601、终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败；或者，终端设备与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败。
本申请实施例中，源网络设备与目标网络设备是采用不同通信制式的网络设备。例如，源网络设备可以为NR基站，目标网络设备可以为LTE基站；或者，源网络设备可以为LTE基站，目标网络设备可以为NR基站；或者，源网络设备可以为NR基站，目标网络设备可以为NR演进基站；本实施例对此不做限定。
具体的，终端设备从源网络设备接收到切换消息后，尝试从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备，成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败；或者，终端设备与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败，即，终端设备还未接收到切换消息，源网络设备就发生RLF。其中，所述切换消息指示终端设备执行从源网络设备到目标网络设备的切换，或者，所述切换消息指示终端设备执行从源小区到目标小区的切换，该切换消息也可以称为切换命令或重配置消息或其他名称，本申请并不限定。例如，切换消息可以是MobilityFromEUTRACommand或MobilityFromNRCommand或其他消息。
可选的，终端设备在成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备，并很快在目标网络设备发生连接失败后，或是在与源网络设备连接一段时间段后发生连接失败后，可确定失败类型(或连接失败类型)为无线链路失败(RLF)。
如果终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，则无线链路失败后，终端设备可以与源网络设备或其他网络设备进行连接恢复，或者说进行连接的重建立。例如，终端设备可以重建到源网络设备或其他网络设备，该其他网络设备与源网络设备采用的通信制式可以相同或不同，该其他网络设备与源网络设备采用的通信系统可以相同或不同。其中，重建立小区可以是源小区，或不同于源小区、目标小区的其他小区，本申请不做限定。
如果终端设备与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败(即终端设备还未接收到切换消息，源网络设备就发生RLF)，则无线链路失败后，终端设备可以与源网络设备或其他网络设备进行连接恢复，或者说进行连接的重建立。例如，终端设备可以重建到源网络设备或其他网络设备，该其他网络设备与源网络设备采用的通信制式可以相同或不同，该其他网络设备与源网络设备采用的通信系统可以相同或不同。其中，重建立小区可以是不同于源小区、目标小区的其他小区，本申请不做限定。
步骤S602、终端设备生成第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与所述无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用与发生所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
所述第一报告也可以称为无线链路失败(radio link failure，RLF)报告，或连接失败报告，或第一消息，或者具有其他名称，本申请并不限定。上述用于承载与所述无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，也可以称为无线链路失败容器。其中，容器可以理解为是封装信息的载体或者一种封装信息的数据结构。
本申请实施例中，由于终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在所述目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，或者，与所述源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败，即失败类型为“RLF”，因此，终端设备记录/存储信息时，可确定所述第一容器采用与发生所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
具体的，所述第一容器可以看做是第一报告中包括的与所述无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的集合。第一报告或者第一容器中包含的与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的具体内容可参考上文中对“与切换失败相关的至少一项信息”的描述，相同之处在此不再重复。但应注意，在本实施例中发生无线链路失败的场景下，上文中1)中的失败小区可以包括发生无线链路失败的小区；2)中的失败类型具体是RLF，RLF也是连接失败的一种；与失败类型RLF相对应，5)中C-RNTI可以包括无线链路失败发生时的服务小区为终端设备分配的C-RNTI。
如果终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，则可选的，第一报告或第一容器中还可以包含从接收到切换消息到成功切换到目标网络设备的时间段信息、成功接收到切换消息到在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的时间段信息。
可选的，第一报告中还可包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告，或者也可以理解为，该第一信息指示当前切换属于跨通信制式的切换场景。如上文所述，所述跨制式也可称为异制式，是指源网络设备与目标网络设备的通信 制式不同，即本实施例中的跨通信制式是从接入网的维度衡量的。
可选的，第一报告中还可包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。或者也可以理解为，该第二信息指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是属于通信系统内的切换场景。若第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，则表示切换场景是异系统异制式的切换；若第一报告是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，则表示切换场景是同系统异制式的切换。例如，第二信息可以为信元“Inter-system HO”，则当第一报告中包含该第二信息时，表示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者，当第一报告中不包含该第二信息时，表示第一报告是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。又例如，第二信息可以为信元“Intra-system HO”，则当第一报告中包含该第二信息时，表示第一报告是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，或者，当第一报告中不包含该第二信息时，表示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告。需要说明的是，本实施例中，是否为跨通信系统是从核心网的维度衡量的。
上述第一信息和第二信息可以看做是用于指示第一报告的类型或第一报告针对的切换场景的信息。可以理解，所述第一信息可以包含在第一报告中的所述第一容器中，也可以包含在第一报告中的所述第一容器之外，本申请并不限定。类似的，所述第二信息可以包含在第一报告的所述第一容器中，也可以包含在第一报告中的所述第一容器之外，本申请同样不作限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括第一信息的一个副本，该副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，即该副本采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外。在另一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括第一信息的两个副本，其中一个副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，如果终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在所述目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，则另一个副本的编码方式与目标网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即第一信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与目标网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中。如果终端设备与所述源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败，则另一个副本的编码方式与源网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即第一信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中。
类似的，在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括第二信息的一个副本，该副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，即该副本采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外。在另一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括第二信息的两个副本，其中一个副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，如果终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设 备后，很快在所述目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，则另一个副本的编码方式与目标网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即第二信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与目标网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中。如果终端设备与所述源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败，则另一个副本的编码方式与源网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即第一信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中。
可选的，该第一报告中还可包括指示所述第一容器采用的编码格式的信息，即指示第一报告中包含的与无线链路失败相关的信息的编码格式的信息。该信息可以包含在第一报告中的所述第一容器中，也可以包含在第一报告中的所述第一容器之外，本申请并不限定。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括该指示所述第一容器采用的编码格式的信息的一个副本，该副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，即该副本采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外。在另一种可能的设计中，第一报告中可以包括该指示所述第一容器采用的编码格式的信息的两个副本，其中一个副本的编码方式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致，如果终端设备与所述源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败，则另一个副本的编码方式与源网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即指示第一容器采用的编码格式的信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中。如果终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在所述目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，则另一个副本的编码方式与目标网络设备的编码方式保持一致，即指示第一容器采用的编码格式的信息的两个副本一个采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式，另一个副本采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码方式。可选的，该编码格式与第一网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，该编码格式与目标网络设备的通信制式保持一致的副本可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器之外，也可以位于第一报告中的所述切换失败容器中
步骤S603、终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一报告，该第一报告中包括第一容器。
该第一网络设备可以是源网络设备，也可以是目标网络设备，也可以是区别于源网络设备、目标网络设备的其它网络设备，也可以是切换失败后进行连接恢复或重建的网络设备，本申请并不限定。
可选的，该第一报告可采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，以使第一 网络设备能够正确读取该第一报告中包含的信息。应注意，本申请实施例中，第一报告的编码格式与第一报告中的第一容器的编码格式可以是不同的概念，也就是说，当第一报告和第一容器均采用某一通信制式对应的编码格式时，第一报告的编码格式与第一容器的编码格式仍可以相同或不同，不作限定。
可选的，第一报告中可以包含第四容器，所述第四容器采用与第一网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。该第四容器可以看做是第一报告中包括的与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的集合。该第四容器中包含的内容可参考切换失败容器或第一容器所包含的内容，不做赘述。
可选的，在执行步骤S603之前，即终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一报告前，终端设备与第一网络设备之间也可执行如图5所示的流程，关于图5的详细说明请参见上文中的描述，在此不再重复。
相应的，第一网络设备接收来自终端设备的第一报告。
可选的，在终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的情况下，第一网络设备接收到该第一报告后，可根据该第一报告，确定切换为过早切换或错误切换，和/或，确定失败类型为RLF。
可选的，在终端设备与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败的情况下，第一网络设备可根据该第一报告，确定切换为过晚切换，和/或，确定失败类型为RLF。
步骤S604、第一网络设备向所述发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括第一容器。
可选的，该第二报告中还可以包括第三信息，该第三信息指示该第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。或者也可以理解为，该第三信息指示当前切换属于跨通信系统的切换场景。
可选的，该第二报告中还可以包括第四信息，该第四信息指示该第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。或者也可以理解为，该第四信息指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是属于通信系统内的切换场景。第四信息的描述可参考上文第二信息，不再赘述。
所述第三信息和第四信息也可以理解为用于指示第二报告的类型，或第二报告针对的切换场景的信息。第三信息的具体实施方式可参考上文中对第一信息的描述，第四信息的具体实施方式可参考上文中对第二信息的描述，不再赘述。
可选的，该第二报告中还可以包括指示第一容器采用的编码格式的信息。
本申请实施例中，在终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的情况下，发生无线链路失败的小区是目标小区，发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备是目标网络设备，第一容器将采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
在该情况下，如图7a所示，当终端设备将第一报告发送给第一网络设备后，第一网络设备可根据该第一报告，向目标网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括第一容器。相应的，目标网络设备可接收该第二报告。
应注意，在图7a中，步骤S701-a包括，终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败。步骤S702-a包括，生成第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用 与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。步骤S704-a包括，第一网络设备向目标网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括第一容器。图7a中所示的其他步骤(即步骤S703)的具体实施方式可参考图6中相应步骤的描述，在此不再重复。
由于第一容器采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，目标网络设备接收到该第二报告后，可正确解码并获取其中的与无线链路失败相关的信息，并根据所述与无线链路失败相关的信息，确定切换为过早切换或错误切换，和/或，确定失败类型为RLF。可选地，目标网络设备可以对终端设备的移动性相关参数进行优化，例如，基于接收到的无线链路失败相关的信息，目标网络设备可以确定合适的小区作为目标小区，或者，调整目标小区对应的切换所需的相应参数(如，用于切换的资源配置信息等)，从而提高终端设备的切换成功率。
具体地，当终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备，但很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败后，如果终端设备尝试重建/恢复连接的小区与源小区是同一个小区，或者是不同的小区但与源小区属于同一个网络设备(即源网络设备)，或者是不同的小区但与源网络设备属于同一个通信制式，则该切换可以看做是过早切换；如果终端设备尝试重建/恢复连接的小区与源小区、目标小区是不同的小区，该小区与源小区不属于同一个网络设备，或者该小区所属的网络设备与源网络设备不属于同一个通信制式，则该切换可以看做是错误切换。
进一步地，目标网络设备可向源网络设备发送第三报告，该第三报告中包括用于承载所述与无线链路失败相关的信息的第二容器，该第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。可以理解，由于第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，因此源网络设备也能够正确解码并获取其中与连接失败相关的信息。可选地，源网络设备可以对终端设备的移动性相关参数进行优化，例如，基于接收到的无线链接失败相关的信息，源网络设备可以确定合适的小区/目标网络设备作为目标小区/目标网络设备，或者，确定合适的切换消息的发送时机，从而提高终端设备的切换成功率。
应注意的是，该第二容器可以是目标网络设备根据与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，对从第一网络设备接收到的第一报告中包含的与无线链路失败相关的信息进行处理得到的；或者，该第二容器也可以是目标网络设备从第一网络设备处接收的(例如，终端设备发送给第一网络设备的第一报告中包含所述第二容器，或者，第一网络设备根据第一报告生成所述第二容器)。
若第二容器是目标网络设备从第一网络设备处接收的，那么第一网络设备可以通过同一个报告向目标网络设备发送第一容器和第二容器，也可以分别通过不同的报告向目标网络设备发送第一容器和第二容器，本申请并不限定。
具体的，第一网络设备通过同一个报告向目标网络设备发送第一容器和第二容器可以是指，该同一报告(即第二报告)中除了第一容器之外，还包括第二容器，其中第一容器采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，而第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，且第一容器中包含的与无线链路失败相关的信息与第二容器中包含的与无线链路失败相关的信息可以完全相同或部分相同。
第一网络设备分别通过不同的报告向目标网络设备发送第一容器和第二容器是指，第一网络设备除了向目标网络设备发送包含第一容器的第二报告之外，还可以向目标网络设备发送包含第二容器的第四报告。其中，第二报告中的第一容器采用与目标网络设备的通 信制式相对应的编码格式，第四报告中的第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
可选的，该第三报告中还可包括第五信息，该第五信息指示该第三报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。或者也可以理解为，该第五信息指示当前切换属于跨通信制式的切换场景。该第五信息的具体实施方式可参考上文中对第一信息或第三信息的描述。
可选的，该第三报告中还可包括第六信息，该第六信息指示该第三报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。或者也可以理解为，该第六信息指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是属于通信系统内的切换场景。该第六信息的具体实施方式可参考上文中对第二信息或第四信息的描述。
可选的，该第三报告中还可包括指示切换为过早切换或错误切换的信息。
可选的，该第三报告中还可以包括指示第二容器采用的编码格式的信息。
由此可见，在终端设备成功切换到目标网络设备后，又与目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的跨通信制式的切换场景中，失败类型为RLF，终端设备记录/存储的有关无线链路失败的信息可以发送给目标网络设备。本申请实施例中，由于第一报告中的第一容器的编码格式与目标网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，第一网络设备接收到第一报告后，可以将其中的第一容器发送给目标网络设备，如此可使目标网络设备可以方便、快速地解析出其中包含的与终端设备无线链路失败相关的信息，从而降低目标网络设备的实现复杂度，有效提升网络优化移动性相关参数的效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
在该场景下，目标网络设备还可进一步将终端设备有关无线链路失败的信息发送给源网络设备，由于第二容器的编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，可使源网络设备从目标网络设备接收到第三报告后，能够正确解析出第二容器中包含的与终端设备无线链路失败相关的信息，从而降低源网络设备的实现复杂度。
在终端设备与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败的情况下，发生无线链路失败的小区是源小区，发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备是源网络设备，第一容器将采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
在该情况下，如图7b所示，当终端设备将第一报告发送给第一网络设备后，第一网络设备可根据该第一报告向源网络设备发送该第二报告，该第二报告中包括第一容器。相应的，源网络设备可接收该第二报告。
应注意，在图7b中，步骤S701-b包括，终端设备与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败。步骤S702-b包括，生成第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。步骤S704-b包括，第一网络设备向源网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括第一容器。图7b中所示的其他步骤(即步骤S703)的具体实施方式可参考图6中相应步骤的描述，在此不再重复。
由于第一容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，源网络设备接收到该第二报告后，可正确解码并获取其中的与无线链路失败相关的信息，并根据所述与连接失败相关的信息，确定切换为过晚切换，和/或，确定失败类型为RLF。
具体的，当终端设备与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生连接失败时(即终端设备还未接收到切换消息，源网络设备就发生RLF)，则该切换可以看做是过晚切换。
由此可见，在终端设备还未接收到切换消息就与源网络设备发生连接失败的跨通信制 式的切换场景中，失败类型为RLF，终端设备记录/存储的有关无线链路失败的信息可以发送给源网络设备。本申请实施例中，由于第一报告中的第一容器的编码格式与源网络设备的通信制式保持一致，因此，第一网络设备接收到第一报告后，可以将其中的第一容器发送给源网络设备，如此可使源网络设备可以方便、快速地解析出第一容器中包含的与终端设备无线链路失败相关的信息，从而降低源网络设备的实现复杂度，有效提升网络优化移动性相关参数的效率，提高终端设备的切换成功率。
下面介绍本申请实施例的另一个具体示例：示例2。
在该示例中，源基站为LTE基站，目标基站为NR基站。其中，作为源基站的LTE基站可以是连接4G系统的核心网的基站，也可以是连接5G系统的核心网的基站，并不限定，作为目标基站的NR基站是连接5G系统的核心网的基站。
如图8所示，首先，源基站与目标基站之间进行切换准备流程，切换准备流程结束后，源基站向UE发送切换消息，指示UE进行跨通信制式的切换。应注意，图8中所示的源基站为连接4G系统的核心网的LTE基站(如eNB)，目标基站为连接5G系统的核心网的NR基站(如，NG-RAN或gNB)，移动性管理实体(mobility management entity，MME)为4G系统中的核心网设备，接入与移动性管理网元(access and mobility management function，AMF)为5G系统中的核心网设备。因此，图8中所示的场景具体为跨通信制式跨通信系统的切换，但应理解，这仅为一种示意。
UE成功从源基站切换到目标基站后(例如UE向目标基站发送切换完成消息(如HO confirm)后)，UE在目标基站很快发生无线链路失败，终端设备在LTE基站或NR基站尝试重建/恢复连接。若UE尝试重建/恢复连接的基站为LTE基站，则该LTE基站与作为源基站的LTE基站可以是同一个基站或不同的基站，可以是同一个制式或不同的制式，并不限定。若该切换为过早切换，则UE尝试重建/恢复连接的小区与源小区可以是同一个小区或不同的小区；若该切换为错误切换，则UE尝试重建/恢复连接的小区与源小区、目标小区是不同的小区。
假设UE将记录的第一报告发送给第一基站，并假设该第一基站的通信制式为LTE，第一基站与UE尝试重建/恢复连接的基站可以是同一个基站或不同基站。则，UE发送的第一报告采用LTE编码格式。该第一报告中包括一个容器(这里记作第一容器)，该第一容器中包括与UE无线链路失败相关的信息，如源小区的小区信息、发生连接失败的小区的小区信息、失败类型“RLF”等。该第一容器采用与目标基站的通信制式相对应的编码格式，即NR编码格式。
可选的，该第一报告中还可包括用于指示第一报告的类型或者切换场景的信息。即，该第一报告中可包括第一信息，该第一信息可指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换属于跨通信制式的切换场景。该第一报告中还可包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是属于通信系统内的切换场景。
第一基站接收到该第一报告后，可根据该报告中包含的源小区的小区信息、连接失败的小区信息以及失败类型“RLF”等，确定将该第一报告中包括的与无线链路失败相关的部分或全部信息转发给目标基站。一种示例，第一基站可以将该第一报告中的第一容器通 过第二报告发送给目标基站；或者说，第一基站可以将该第一报告中包含的无线链路失败相关的部分或全部信息通过第二报告发送给目标基站。由于第一容器采用与目标基站的通信制式相对应的NR编码格式，因此，目标基站接收到该第一容器后，能够正确解码并获取其中的与无线链路失败相关的信息，从而简化目标基站的实现复杂度。
可选的，该第二报告中也可包括用于指示第二报告的类型或者切换场景的信息。即，该第二报告中可包括第三信息，该第三信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换属于跨通信制式的切换场景。该第二报告中还可包括第四信息，该第四信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是属于通信系统内的切换场景。
进一步地，目标基站可根据第一容器中包括的与无线链路失败相关的信息，确定切换为过早切换或错误切换，和/或，确定失败类型为RLF，并确定源基站为LTE基站。
在一种实现方式中，目标基站可采用与源基站的通信制式相对应的LTE编码格式，对从第一容器中得到的与无线链路失败相关的信息进行处理，得到第二容器，然后通过第三报告将该第二容器发送给源基站。
在另一种实现方式中，第一报告中还可包括第二容器，该第二容器采用与源基站的通信制式相对应的LTE编码格式。也就是说，第一报告中包括两个容器，分别记作第一容器和第二容器，两个容器中均包括与无线链路失败相关的信息，但第一容器采用与目标基站的通信制式相对应的NR编码格式，第二容器采用与源基站的通信制式相对应的LTE编码格式。第一基站可将第一容器和第二容器通过第二报告发送给目标基站，如此，目标基站接收到第二报告后，可确定切换为过早切换或错误切换，和/或，失败类型为RLF。由于目标基站知道源基站为LTE基站，目标基站可直接将该第二报告中包括的第二容器通过第三报告发送给源基站。
可选的，该第三报告中还可包括用于指示第三报告的类型或者切换场景的信息。例如，该第三报告中可包括第五信息，该第五信息指示第三报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换属于跨通信制式的切换场景。该第一报告中还可包括第六信息，该第六信息指示第三报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是属于通信系统内的切换场景。
可选的，该第三报告中还可包括指示切换为过早切换或错误切换的信息。
下面介绍本申请实施例的又一个具体示例：示例3。
在该示例中，源基站为NR基站，目标基站为LTE基站。其中，作为源基站的NR基站是连接5G系统的核心网的基站，作为目标基站的LTE基站可以是连接4G系统的核心网的基站，也可以是连接5G系统的核心网的基站，并不限定。
UE在与源基站连接一段时间之后发生无线链路失败，终端设备在NR基站尝试重建/恢复连接。UE尝试重建/恢复连接的NR基站与作为源基站的NR基站可以是同一个基站或不同的基站，并不限定。UE尝试重建/恢复连接的小区与源小区可以是相同或不同的小区。
可以理解，UE在与源基站连接一段时间后发生连接失败，可以是源基站发生了无线 链路失败，并导致切换消息没能成功发送给UE，或UE没能成功接收切换消息。在这一情形下，发生失败的小区为源小区。
假设UE将第一报告发送给第一基站，并假设该第一基站的通信制式为NR，第一基站与UE尝试重建/恢复连接的基站可以是同一个基站或不同基站。则，UE发送的第一报告采用NR编码格式。该第一报告中包括一个容器(这里记作第一容器)，该第一容器中包括与UE无线链路失败相关的信息，如发生连接失败的小区的小区信息(即源小区的小区信息)、失败类型“RLF”等。该第一容器采用与源基站的通信制式相对应的编码格式，即NR编码格式。
可选的，该第一报告中还可包括用于指示第一报告的类型或者切换场景的信息。即，该第一报告中可包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换属于跨通信制式的切换场景。该第一报告中还可包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告，即指示当前切换是属于跨通信系统的切换场景，还是属于通信系统内的切换场景。
第一基站接收到该第一报告后，可根据该报告中包含的连接失败的小区信息(即源小区的小区信息)以及失败类型“RLF”等，确定将该第一报告中包括的与无线链路失败相关的部分或全部信息转发给源基站。一种示例，第一基站可以将该第一报告中的第一容器通过第二报告发送给源基站；或者说，第一基站可以将该第一报告中包含的与无线链路失败相关的部分或全部信息通过第二报告发送给源基站。由于第一容器采用与源基站的通信制式相对应的NR编码格式，因此，源基站接收到该第一容器后，能够正确解码并获取其中的与无线链路失败相关的信息，从而简化源基站的实现复杂度。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，如果第一网络设备与源网络设备或目标网络设备之间存在直接连接的接口，例如X2/Xn接口，则第一网络设备可以通过该X2/Xn接口与源网络设备或目标网络设备进行直接通信，将从终端设备接收到的第一报告(如RLF报告)或第一报告中包含的部分或全部信息发送给源网络设备或目标网络设备。
如果第一网络设备与源网络设备或目标网络设备之间不存在直接连接的接口，无法进行直接通信，那么第一网络设备可以通过核心网设备与源网络设备或目标网络设备进行间接通信。第一网络设备可以通过与核心网设备之间的接口，例如S1/NG接口，将从终端设备接收到的第一报告(如RLF报告)或第一报告中包含的部分或全部信息发送给核心网设备，由核心网设备再将该第一报告或第一报告中包含的部分或全部信息转发给源网络设备或目标网络设备。
作为一种示例，第一网络设备可以通过S1/NG接口上的以下消息的至少一种向源网络设备或目标网络设备发送RLF report或该RLF report中包含的部分或全部信息：
上行RAN配置传输(UPLINK RAN CONFIGURATION TRANSFER)消息、下行RAN配置传输(DOWNLINK RAN CONFIGURATION TRANSFER)消息、基站配置传输(eNB CONFIGURATION TRANSFER或gNB CONFIGURATION TRANSFER)消息、核心网设备配置传输(MME CONFIGURATION TRANSFER或AMF CONFIGURATION TRANSFER)消息或其它消息。
另外，本申请实施例中，如果源网络设备与目标网络设备间无法直接通过X2/Xn接口 通信时，则源网络设备与目标网络设备之间也可以通过核心网设备来传递信息。所述源网络设备与目标网络设备无法直接通过X2/Xn接口通信，可以存在于跨通信系统切换/跨通信制式切换的场景中。
例如，在上文中所述的示例2中，如果源基站是连接5G系统的核心网的LTE基站，目标基站是连接5G系统的核心网的NR基站，则源基站与目标基站之间可以直接通过Xn接口通信。
如果源基站是连接4G系统的核心网的LTE基站，目标基站是连接5G系统的核心网的NR基站，则源基站与目标基站间无法直接通过X2/Xn接口通信。由于是跨通信系统的切换，则第一网络设备与目标基站间传递的消息可以通过核心网设备(即MME、AMF)进行转发，目标基站与源基站间传递的消息也可以通过核心网设备(即MME、AMF)进行转发。目标基站可通过自身和核心网设备间的接口(如S1或NG接口)向核心网设备发送目标基站从第一基站接收到的信息中的部分或全部信息，然后核心网设备可通过S1或NG接口向源基站转发从目标基站接收到的信息中的部分或全部信息。
还应注意，如果终端设备/第一网络设备/源网络设备/目标网络设备为包括CU节点和DU节点的分离式的形态，则作为消息/信息接收方的CU节点可以将接收到的信息中的部分或全部信息发送给DU节点。进一步，可选的，若CU节点可以划分为控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)，则，消息/信息接收方的CU-CP节点可以将接收到的信息中的部分或全部信息发送给CU-UP节点。其中，CU节点、DU节点、CU-CP节点、CU-UP节点可以UE对应的，或者是第一网络设备对应的，或者是源基站对应的，或者是目标基站对应的，或者是UE检测到发生RLF的基站对应的。
上述节点间的发送过程适用于上文中所述的任一方法实施例。例如，以终端设备向第一网络设备发送第一报告为例，若第一网络设备为包括CU节点和DU节点的分离式的形态，则第一网络设备中的CU节点可以从终端设备接收该第一报告。可选的，该CU节点还可将接收到的第一报告中包括的部分或全部信息发送给DU节点。可选的，若CU节点可以划分为控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)，又可以包括CU-CP节点将接收到的第一报告中包括的部分或全部信息发送给CU-UP节点。第一网络设备向目标网络设备发送某信息、目标网络设备向源网络设备发送某信息、第一网络设备向源网络设备发送某信息的过程，可参考上述描述，不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，请参考图9，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图，该通信装置900包括：收发模块910和处理模块920。该通信装置可用于实现上述任一方法实施例中涉及终端设备的功能。例如，该通信装置可以是终端设备，例如手持终端设备或车载终端设备；该通信装置还可以是终端设备中包括的芯片或者电路，或者包括终端设备的装置，如各种类型的车辆等。
示例性的，当该通信装置执行图3中所示的方法实施例时，处理模块920用于，在尝试从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备的过程中发生切换失败，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备；处理模块920还用于，生成第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器，该容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；收发模块910用于，向第一网络设备发送第一报告。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对 跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，该第一报告中还包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，收发模块910还用于，向第一网络设备发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有第一报告；以及，接收来自第一网络设备的第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示终端设备上报第一报告。
当该通信装置执行图6中所示的方法实施例时，处理模块920用于，成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，或者，与源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备；处理模块920还用于，生成第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与所述无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用与发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；收发模块910用于，向第一网络设备发送第一报告。
在一种可能的设计中，在终端设备成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的情况下，所述发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备为目标网络设备；第一报告中还包括用于承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，该第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，收发模块910还用于，向第一网络设备发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有第一报告；以及，接收来自第一网络设备的第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示终端设备上报第一报告。
该通信装置中涉及的处理模块920可以由至少一个处理器或处理器相关电路组件实现，收发模块910可以由至少一个收发器或收发器相关电路组件或通信接口实现。该通信装置中的各个模块的操作和/或功能分别为了实现图3、图4a、图4b、图5、图6、图7a、图7b或图8中所示方法的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。可选的，该通信装置中还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块可以用于存储数据和/或指令，收发模块910和/或处理模块920可以读取存取模块中的数据和/或指令，从而使得通信装置实现相应的方法。该存储模块例如可以通过至少一个存储器实现。
上述存储模块、处理模块和收发模块可以分离存在，也可以全部或者部分模块集成，例如存储模块和处理模块集成，或者处理模块和收发模块集成等。
请参考图10，为本申请实施例中提供的一种通信装置的另一结构示意图。该通信装置具体可为一种终端设备，该通信装置可用于实现上述任一方法实施例中涉及终端设备的功能。便于理解和图示方便，在图10中，终端设备以手机作为例子。如图10所示，终端设备包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，当然，也还可以包括射频电路、天线以及输入输出装置等。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对终端设备进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据等。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式 的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。需要说明的是，有些种类的终端设备可以不具有输入输出装置。
当需要发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端设备时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。为便于说明，图10中仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的终端设备产品中，可以存在一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等。存储器可以是独立于处理器设置，也可以是与处理器集成在一起，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
在本申请实施例中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和射频电路视为终端设备的收发单元，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端设备的处理单元。如图10所示，终端设备包括收发单元1010和处理单元1020。收发单元也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。处理单元也可以称为处理器，处理单板，处理模块、处理装置等。可选的，可以将收发单元1010中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元1010中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元1010包括接收单元和发送单元。收发单元有时也可以称为收发机、收发器、或收发电路等。接收单元有时也可以称为接收机、接收器、或接收电路等。发送单元有时也可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。应理解，收发单元1010用于执行上述方法实施例中终端设备侧的发送操作和接收操作，处理单元1020用于执行上述方法实施例中终端设备上除了收发操作之外的其他操作。
本申请实施例还提供另一种通信装置，请参考图11，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图，该通信装置1100包括：收发模块1110和处理模块1120。该通信装置可用于实现上述任一方法实施例中涉及网络设备(如第一网络设备或者目标网络设备)的功能。例如，该通信装置可以是网络设备或网络设备中包括的芯片或电路。
示例性的，当该通信装置执行图3中所示的方法实施例中对应第一网络设备的操作或者步骤时，收发模块1110用于，接收来自终端设备的第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器，该容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；其中，所述切换失败是从源网络设备到目标网络设备的切换失败，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同的通信制式的网络设备；处理模块1120用于，对该第一报告进行处理。
在一种可能的设计中，处理模块1120具体用于，获取第一报告中的容器，第一网络设备向源网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括所述容器。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，第二报告中还包括第三信息，该第三信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和/或，第二报告中还包括第四信息，该第四信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，收发模块1110还用于，接收来自终端设备的第一指示信息，该 第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有第一报告；以及向终端设备发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示终端设备上报第一报告。
当该通信装置执行图6中所示的方法实施例中对应第一网络设备的操作或步骤时，收发模块1110用于，接收来自终端设备的第一报告，该第一报告中包括用于承载与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用与所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；处理模块1120用于，通过收发模块1110向所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备发送第二报告，该第二报告中包括第一容器。
在一种可能的设计中，当所述发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备为所述目标网络设备时，第一报告中还可包括用于承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，该第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；收发模块1110还用于，向目标网络设备发送该第二容器。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第一信息，该第一信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，第二报告中还包括第三信息，该第三信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，第一报告中还包括第二信息，该第二信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和/或，第二报告中还包括第四信息，该第四信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，收发模块1110还用于，接收来自终端设备的第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有第一报告；以及，向终端设备发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示终端设备上报第一报告。
当该通信装置执行图6中所示的方法实施例中对应目标网络设备的操作或步骤时，收发模块1110，用于接收来自第一网络设备的第二报告，该第二报告中包括用于承载与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，该第一容器采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；处理模块1120，用于根据该第二报告，确定切换为过早切换或错误切换，和/或，确定失败类型为无线链路失败；收发模块1110还用于，向源网络设备发送第三报告，该第三报告中包括承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，该第二容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，该源网络设备与目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备。
在一种可能的设计中，收发模块1110还用于，从第一网络设备接收第二容器；或者，处理模块1120还用于，根据与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，对第一容器中承载的所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息进行处理，得到第二容器。
在一种可能的设计中，第二报告中还包括第三信息，该第三信息指示第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，第三报告中还包括第五信息，该第五信息指示第三报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，第二报告中还包括第四信息，该第四信息指示第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和/或，第三报告中还包括第六信息，该第六信息指示第三报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
在一种可能的设计中，第三报告中还包括指示切换为过早切换或错误切换的信息。
应理解，该通信装置中涉及的处理模块1120可以由至少一个处理器或处理器相关电路组件实现，收发模块1110可以由至少一个收发器或收发器相关电路组件或通信接口实现。该通信装置中的各个模块的操作和/或功能分别为了实现图3、图4a、图4b、图5、图6、图7a、图7b或图8中所示方法的相应流程，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。可选的，该通信装置中还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块可以用于存储数据和/或指令，收发模块1010和/或处理模块1020可以读取存取模块中的数据和/或指令，从而使得通信装置实现相应的方法。该存储模块例如可以通过至少一个存储器实现。
上述存储模块、处理模块和收发模块可以分离存在，也可以全部或者部分模块集成，例如存储模块和处理模块集成，或者处理模块和收发模块集成等。
请参考图12，为本申请实施例中提供的一种通信装置的另一结构示意图。该通信装置可具体为一种网络设备，例如基站，用于实现上述任一方法实施例中涉及网络设备(如第一网络设备或者目标网络设备)的功能。
该网络设备1200包括：一个或多个射频单元，如远端射频单元(remote radio unit，RRU)1201和一个或多个基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)(也可称为数字单元，digital unit，DU)1202。所述RRU 1201可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等等，其可以包括至少一个天线12011和射频单元12012。所述RRU 1201部分主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换。所述BBU 1202部分主要用于进行基带处理，对基站进行控制等。所述RRU 1201与BBU 1202可以是物理上设置在一起，也可以物理上分离设置的，即分布式基站。
所述BBU 1202为基站的控制中心，也可以称为处理单元，主要用于完成基带处理功能，如信道编码，复用，调制，扩频等等。例如所述BBU(处理单元)1202可以用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中关于网络设备的操作流程。
在一个示例中，所述BBU 1202可以由一个或多个单板构成，多个单板可以共同支持单一接入指示的无线接入网(如LTE网)，也可以分别支持不同接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE网，5G网或其他网)。所述BBU 1202还可以包括存储器12021和处理器12022，所述存储器12021用于存储必要的指令和数据。所述处理器12022用于控制基站进行必要的动作，例如用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中发送操作。所述存储器12021和处理器12022可以服务于一个或多个单板。也就是说，可以每个单板上单独设置存储器和处理器。也可以是多个单板共用相同的存储器和处理器。此外每个单板上还可以设置有必要的电路。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片系统实现上述任一方法实施例中的对应终端设备的方法或者对应网络设备的方法。
可选地，该芯片系统中的处理器可以为一个或多个。该处理器可以通过硬件实现也可以通过软件实现。当通过硬件实现时，该处理器可以是逻辑电路、集成电路等。当通过软件实现时，该处理器可以是一个通用处理器，通过读取存储器中存储的软件代码来实现。
可选地，该芯片系统中的存储器也可以为一个或多个。该存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，也可以和处理器分离设置，本申请并不限定。示例性的，存储器可以是非瞬时性处理器，例如只读存储器ROM，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请对存储器的类型，以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不作具体限定。
示例性的，该芯片系统可以是现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)， 可以是专用集成芯片(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，还可以是系统芯片(system on chip，SoC)，还可以是中央处理器(central processor unit，CPU)，还可以是网络处理器(network processor，NP)，还可以是数字信号处理电路(digital signal processor，DSP)，还可以是微控制器(micro controller unit，MCU)，还可以是可编程控制器(programmable logic device，PLD)或其他集成芯片。
应理解，上述方法实施例中的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机可读指令时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机程序产品时，使得计算机执行上述任一方法实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括第一网络设备和至少一个终端设备，该第一网络设备可以是源网络设备，也可以是目标网络设备，还可以是区别于源网络设备和目标网络设备的其他网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可以包括源网络设备和目标网络设备。可选的，该通信系统中还可包括核心网设备。该通信系统中包括第一网络设备、终端设备、以及源网络设备、目标网络设备、核心网设备等可以相互配合，以实现上述任一方法实施例。且，该通信系统中包括终端设备的具体实施方式可参考上文中关于图9和图10中对通信装置的描述，第一网络设备、源网络设备、目标网络设备和核心网设备中任一设备的具体实施方式的可参考上文中关于图11和图12中对通信装置的描述。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)集成在处理器中。
应注意，本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，上述各过程或步骤的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程或步骤的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    在尝试从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备的过程中发生切换失败，所述源网络设备与所述目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备；
    生成第一报告，所述第一报告中包括用于承载与所述切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器，所述容器采用与所述源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；
    向第一网络设备发送所述第一报告。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报告中还包括第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报告中还包括第二信息，所述第二信息指示所述第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一网络设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有所述第一报告；
    接收来自所述第一网络设备的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端设备上报所述第一报告。
  5. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收来自终端设备的第一报告，所述第一报告中包括用于承载与切换失败相关的至少一项信息的容器，所述容器采用与源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；其中，所述切换失败是从所述源网络设备到目标网络设备的切换失败，所述源网络设备与所述目标网络设备为采用不同的通信制式的网络设备；
    对所述第一报告进行处理。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述对所述第一报告进行处理，包括：
    获取所述第一报告中的所述容器；
    向所述源网络设备发送第二报告，所述第二报告中包括所述容器。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报告中还包括第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，
    所述第二报告中还包括第三信息，所述第三信息指示所述第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报告中还包括第二信息，所述第二信息指示所述第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和/或，
    所述第二报告中还包括第四信息，所述第四信息指示所述第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
  9. 根据权利要求5至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述终端设备的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示所述终端设备记录有所述第一报告；
    向所述终端设备发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端设备上报所述第 一报告。
  10. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在所述目标网络设备发生无线链路失败，或者，与所述源网络设备连接一段时间后发生无线链路失败，所述源网络设备与所述目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备；
    生成第一报告，所述第一报告中包括用于承载与所述无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，所述第一容器采用与发生所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；
    向第一网络设备发送所述第一报告。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在成功从源网络设备切换到目标网络设备后，很快在所述目标网络设备发生无线链路失败的情况下，所述发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备为所述目标网络设备；
    所述第一报告中还包括用于承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，所述第二容器采用与所述源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报告中还包括第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报告中还包括第二信息，所述第二信息指示所述第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
  14. 根据权利要求10至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一网络设备发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示终端设备记录有所述第一报告；
    接收来自所述第一网络设备的第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示所述终端设备上报所述第一报告。
  15. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收来自终端设备的第一报告，所述第一报告中包括用于承载与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，所述第一容器采用与发生所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；
    向发生所述无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备发送第二报告，所述第二报告中包括所述第一容器。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述发生无线链路失败的小区所属的网络设备为所述目标网络设备时，
    所述第一报告中还包括用于承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，所述第二容器采用与所述源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；
    所述方法还包括：
    向所述目标网络设备发送所述第二容器。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报告中还包括第一信息，所述第一信息指示所述第一报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，
    所述第二报告中还包括第三信息，所述第三信息指示所述第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
  18. 根据权利要求15至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一报告中还包括第二信息，所述第二信息指示所述第一报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和/或，
    所述第二报告中还包括第四信息，所述第四信息指示所述第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
  19. 根据权利要求15至18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述终端设备的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示所述终端设备记录有所述第一报告；
    向所述终端设备发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示所述终端设备上报所述第一报告。
  20. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接收来自第一网络设备的第二报告，所述第二报告中包括用于承载与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第一容器，所述第一容器采用与目标网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式；
    根据所述第二报告，确定切换为过早切换或错误切换，和/或，确定失败类型为无线链路失败；
    向源网络设备发送第三报告，所述第三报告中包括承载所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息的第二容器，所述第二容器采用与所述源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，所述源网络设备与所述目标网络设备为采用不同通信制式的网络设备。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    从所述第一网络设备接收所述第二容器；或者，
    根据与所述源网络设备的通信制式相对应的编码格式，对所述第一容器中承载的所述与无线链路失败相关的至少一项信息进行处理，得到所述第二容器。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二报告中还包括第三信息，所述第三信息指示所述第二报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告；和/或，
    所述第三报告中还包括第五信息，所述第五信息指示所述第三报告是针对跨通信制式的切换场景的报告。
  23. 根据权利要求20至22中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二报告中还包括第四信息，所述第四信息指示所述第二报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告；和/或，
    所述第三报告中还包括第六信息，所述第六信息指示所述第三报告是针对跨通信系统的切换场景的报告，或者是针对通信系统内的切换场景的报告。
  24. 根据权利要求20至23中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三报告中还包括指示切换为过早切换或错误切换的信息。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括用于执行如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元，或者包括用于执行如权利要求5至9中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元，或者包括用于执行如权利要求10至14中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元，或者包括用于执行如权利要求15至19中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元，或者包括用于执行如权利要求20至24中任一项所述的方法的各步骤的单元。
  26. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括至少一个处理器，所述至少一个处理器 与至少一个存储器耦合：
    所述至少一个处理器，用于执行所述至少一个存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述装置执行如权利要求5至9中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述装置执行如权利要求10至14中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述装置执行如权利要求15至19中任一项所述的方法，或者使得所述装置执行如权利要求20至24中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，用于存储指令，当所述指令被执行时，使如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法被实现，或者使如权利要求5至9中任一项所述的方法被实现，或者使如权利要求10至14中任一项所述的方法被实现，或者使如权利要求15至19中任一项所述的方法被实现，或者使如权利要求20至24中任一项所述的方法被实现。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路；
    所述接口电路，用于交互代码指令至所述处理器；
    所述处理器用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，或者所述处理器用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求5至9中任一项所述的方法，或者所述处理器用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求10至14中任一项所述的方法，或者所述处理器用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求15至19中任一项所述的方法，或者所述处理器用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求20至24中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当计算机读取并执行所述计算机程序产品时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，或者执行如权利要求5至9中任一项所述的方法，或者执行如权利要求10至14中任一项所述的方法，或者执行如权利要求15至19中任一项所述的方法，或者执行如权利要求20至24中任一项所述的方法。
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