WO2021232749A1 - 三桥臂拓扑装置及不间断电源系统 - Google Patents

三桥臂拓扑装置及不间断电源系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021232749A1
WO2021232749A1 PCT/CN2020/133759 CN2020133759W WO2021232749A1 WO 2021232749 A1 WO2021232749 A1 WO 2021232749A1 CN 2020133759 W CN2020133759 W CN 2020133759W WO 2021232749 A1 WO2021232749 A1 WO 2021232749A1
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Prior art keywords
switch
terminal
conversion circuit
power supply
voltage conversion
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PCT/CN2020/133759
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English (en)
French (fr)
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罗峰
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广州视源电子科技股份有限公司
广州视琨电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021232749A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021232749A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H02J7/06—Regulation of charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration

Definitions

  • This application relates to uninterruptible power supply technology, such as a three-leg topology device and an uninterruptible power supply system.
  • UPS Uninterrupted Power Supply
  • An online uninterrupted power supply (Uninterrupted Power Supply, UPS for short) system refers to a UPS system in which the AC voltage used by the load passes through the inverter circuit regardless of whether the grid voltage is normal or not.
  • UPS systems are divided into online medium and small power UPS systems and online high power UPS systems.
  • On-line medium and small power UPS systems usually refer to on-line UPS systems with power between 1 kW and 3 kW.
  • the battery low-voltage high-current UPS system is an online medium and small power UPS system.
  • the battery pack of the UPS system has a small number of batteries. When the battery pack is used to supply power to the load, the battery pack can output low voltage and high current Electrical energy. Due to the small number of battery cells in the battery pack used in the battery low-voltage high-current UPS system, the battery low-voltage high-current UPS system is widely used in the field of online medium and small power UPS. However, the device reuse rate of the existing battery low-voltage and high-current UPS system is low, resulting in high cost of the battery low-voltage and high-current UPS system.
  • the present application provides a three-arm topology device and an uninterruptible power supply system, which are used to solve the technical problem of low device reuse rate of the existing battery low-voltage high-current UPS system.
  • the present application provides a three-leg topology device, the three-leg topology device includes: a battery pack, a voltage conversion circuit, a switch, and a three-leg conversion circuit;
  • the three bridge arm conversion circuit includes: a first bridge arm, a second bridge arm, a third bridge arm, a first inductor, a second inductor, a DC bus capacitor, and a first capacitor; the first bridge arm includes a first bridge arm connected in series.
  • the second bridge arm includes a third switching tube and a fourth switching tube connected in series;
  • the third bridge arm includes a fifth switching tube and a sixth switching tube connected in series;
  • the first A bridge arm, the second bridge arm, the third bridge arm, and the DC bus capacitor are connected in parallel between the positive output end of the bus and the negative output end of the bus;
  • the midpoint of the first bridge is connected to the The first end of the first inductor is connected, and the second end of the first inductor is connected as the positive voltage input end of the three-leg topology device;
  • the midpoint of the second bridge leg is used as the three-leg topology device
  • the negative voltage input end of the third bridge arm is connected to the first end of the second inductor, and the second end of the second inductor is the output end of the three bridge arm topology device, respectively Connected to the load and the first terminal of the first capacitor, and the second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the negative voltage input terminal;
  • the battery pack is connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion circuit, and the anode of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is respectively connected to the positive output terminal of the bus bar and the positive voltage input terminal through the switch.
  • the negative pole of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the negative output terminal of the bus, the live wire of the mains AC power supply is connected to the positive voltage input via the switch, and the neutral wire of the mains AC power supply is connected to the negative
  • the voltage input terminal is connected; the switch is used for controlling the voltage conversion circuit to charge the battery pack in the mains power supply mode; in the battery power supply mode, controlling the voltage conversion circuit to discharge the battery pack .
  • the switch includes: a first switch, a second switch, and a balance element; the positive pole of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the fixed terminal of the first switch, and the first switch
  • the first selection terminal of a switch is connected to the first terminal of the balance component, the second terminal of the balance component is connected to the positive output terminal of the bus, and the second selection terminal of the first switch is connected to the
  • the positive voltage input terminal is connected, the first terminal of the second switch is connected to the live wire of the mains AC power source, the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive voltage input terminal, and the voltage conversion circuit
  • the negative pole of the second end is connected to the negative output end of the bus;
  • the balance component is used to balance the voltage between the bus and the voltage conversion circuit; in the mains power supply mode, the first switch is fixed Terminal is connected with the first selection terminal of the first switch, and the second switch is closed; in the battery power supply mode, the fixed terminal of the first switch is connected with the second selection terminal of the first switch, The second switch is
  • the first switch is any one of the following: a double-throw relay, a bidirectional electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the second switch is any one of the following: a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the balance component is any one of the following: a varistor, a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient, and a third inductor.
  • the balance element is a resistor
  • the switch further includes: a third switch; the anode of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the third switch, and the third switch The second end of the bus is connected to the positive output end of the bus; or, the third switch is connected in parallel with the resistor; the voltage between the bus and the voltage conversion circuit in the mains power supply mode When the difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the third switch is closed; in the battery power supply mode, the third switch is opened.
  • the third switch is any one of the following: a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the switch includes: a first switch, a second switch, and a balancing element; the positive pole of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is respectively the first terminal of the first switch, and, The first selection end of the second switch is connected, the second end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the balance component, and the second end of the balance component is connected to the positive output end of the bus ,
  • the second selection terminal of the second switch is connected to the live wire of the AC power source, the fixed terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive voltage input terminal, and the negative electrode of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to The negative output end of the bus is connected;
  • the balance component is used to balance the voltage between the bus and the voltage conversion circuit; in the mains power supply mode, the first switch is closed, and the second switch
  • the fixed terminal of the second switch is connected with the second selection terminal of the second switch; in the battery power supply mode, the first switch is turned off, and the fixed terminal of the second switch is connected to the first selection terminal of the second switch.
  • the first switch is any one of the following: a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the second switch is any one of the following: a double-throw relay, a bidirectional electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the balance component is any one of the following: a varistor, a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient, and a third inductor.
  • the balance element is a resistor
  • the switch further includes: a third switch; the anode of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the third switch, and the third switch The second end of the bus is connected to the positive output end of the bus; or the third switch is connected in parallel with the resistor; the voltage between the bus and the voltage conversion circuit in the mains power supply mode When the difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the third switch is closed; in the battery power supply mode, the third switch is opened.
  • the third switch is any one of the following: a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the switch includes: a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a balance element; the positive pole of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first switch of the first switch.
  • the terminal is connected to the first terminal of the third switch, the second terminal of the first switch is connected to the positive voltage input terminal, and the first terminal of the second switch is connected to the live wire of the AC power supply ,
  • the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the positive voltage input terminal, the second terminal of the third switch is connected to the first terminal of the balance component, and the second terminal of the balance component is connected to
  • the positive output end of the bus is connected, the negative pole of the second end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the negative output end of the bus;
  • the balancing component is used to balance the voltage between the bus and the voltage conversion circuit;
  • the first switch is opened, the second switch and the third switch are closed; in the battery power supply mode, the first switch is closed, and the second switch and the third switch are closed.
  • the third switch In the main
  • the first switch is any one of the following: a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the second switch is any one of the following: a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the third switch is any one of the following: a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the balance component is any one of the following: a varistor, a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient, and a third inductor.
  • the balance element is a resistor
  • the switch further includes: a fourth switch; the anode of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the fourth switch, and the fourth switch The second end of the bus is connected to the positive output end of the bus; or, the fourth switch is connected in parallel with the resistor; the voltage between the bus and the voltage conversion circuit in the mains power supply mode When the difference is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the fourth switch is closed; in the battery power supply mode, the fourth switch is opened.
  • the fourth switch is any one of the following: a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, and a thyristor.
  • the voltage conversion circuit includes: a fourth bridge arm, a fifth bridge arm, a sixth bridge arm, a seventh bridge arm, a transformer, a third inductor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor;
  • the fourth bridge arm includes a seventh switch tube and an eighth switch tube, and the first end of the seventh switch tube is connected to the first end of the eighth switch tube;
  • the fifth bridge arm includes a ninth switch tube and a tenth switch tube, and the first end of the ninth switch tube is connected to the first end of the tenth switch tube;
  • the sixth bridge arm includes an eleventh switch tube and a twelfth switch tube, and the first end of the eleventh switch tube is connected to the first end of the twelfth switch tube;
  • the seventh bridge arm includes a thirteenth switch tube and a fourteenth switch tube, and the first end of the thirteenth switch tube is connected to the first end of the fourteenth switch tube;
  • the fourth bridge arm is connected in parallel with the fifth bridge arm, the sixth bridge arm and the seventh bridge arm are connected in parallel with the third capacitor, and the first end of the transformer is connected to the fourth bridge arm in parallel.
  • the midpoint of the bridge arm is connected, the second end of the transformer is connected to the midpoint of the fifth bridge arm, and the third end of the transformer is connected to the fifth bridge through the third inductor and the second capacitor.
  • the midpoint of the bridge arm is connected, and the fourth end of the transformer is connected with the midpoint of the sixth bridge arm;
  • the second terminal of the seventh switch tube is the anode of the first terminal of the voltage conversion circuit
  • the second terminal of the eighth switch tube is the cathode of the first terminal of the voltage conversion circuit.
  • the second terminal of the three-switch tube is the positive pole of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit
  • the second terminal of the fourteenth switch tube is the negative pole of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit.
  • the present application also provides an uninterruptible power supply system, the system includes: a commercial AC power supply, a load, and the three-arm topology device according to any one of the first aspect; wherein, the The live wire of the mains AC power supply is connected to the positive voltage input end of the three-arm topology device, the neutral wire of the mains AC power supply is connected to the negative voltage input end of the three-arm topology device, and the three bridge arm The output terminal of the topology device is connected to the load.
  • the three-leg topology device and the uninterruptible power supply system realize the charging or discharging of the battery pack through a multiplexed voltage conversion circuit, and the battery pack can be charged without an additional charger.
  • the voltage conversion circuit and the three-leg change circuit all participate in the work, that is, all the devices of the three-bridge topology device participate in the work.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery low-voltage high-current UPS system provided by related technologies
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram 1 of the first three-arm topology device provided by this application;
  • Figure 3 is a second schematic diagram of the first three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a third three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fifth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the current in the mains power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the current in the mains power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the current in the mains power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the current in the mains power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the current in the battery power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the current in the battery power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a sixth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a seventh three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an eighth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a ninth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the tenth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the eleventh three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • 20 is a schematic diagram of a twelfth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the thirteenth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the fourteenth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the fifteenth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • FIG 1 is a structural diagram of a battery low-voltage high-current UPS system provided by related technologies.
  • common battery low-voltage and high-current UPS systems include: chargers, battery packs, unidirectional direct current (Direct Current-Direct Current, referred to as: DC-DC) converters, AC power supply (Alternating Current, referred to as: AC), Vienna rectifier converter, half-bridge inverter.
  • the Vienna rectifier converter converts the mains AC power into direct current
  • the half-bridge inverter converts the direct current into alternating current and supplies it to the load
  • the charger charges the battery pack.
  • the Vienna rectifier converter, half-bridge inverter and charger participate in the work.
  • the DC-DC converter is in an idle state.
  • the DC-DC converter boosts the DC power output by the battery pack
  • the half-bridge inverter converts the DC power to AC power and provides it to the load. That is, the DC-DC converter and the half-bridge inverter participate in the work.
  • the Vienna rectifier converter and charger are in an idle state.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a three-leg topology device.
  • the device When the device is applied to a battery low-voltage and high-current UPS system, whether it is in the mains power supply mode or the battery power supply mode, all components of the device are Participation in the work has improved the device reuse rate of the battery low-voltage and high-current UPS system, thereby reducing the cost of the battery low-voltage and high-current UPS system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram 1 of the first three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the three-arm topology device may include: a battery pack, a voltage conversion circuit, a switch, and a three-leg conversion circuit.
  • the three bridge arm conversion circuit may include: a first bridge arm, a second bridge arm, a third bridge arm, a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a DC bus capacitor E1, and a first capacitor Co.
  • the first bridge arm includes a first switching tube Q1 and a second switching tube Q2.
  • the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are connected in series between BUS+ and BUS-, and BUS+ is the positive output terminal of the bus. -That is, the negative output terminal of the bus.
  • BUS+ is the positive output terminal of the bus.
  • the first terminal of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to BUS+
  • the second terminal of the first switching tube Q1 is connected to the first terminal of the second switching tube Q2
  • the second terminal of the second switching tube Q2 is connected to BUS- connect.
  • the common end of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 is called the midpoint of the first bridge arm.
  • the first bridge arm may also be referred to as a power factor correction (Power Factor Correction, PFC for short) side high frequency bridge arm.
  • PFC Power Factor Correction
  • the second bridge arm includes a third switching tube Q3 and a fourth switching tube Q4, and the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 are connected in series between BUS+ and BUS-.
  • the first terminal of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to BUS+
  • the second terminal of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to the first terminal of the fourth switching tube Q4
  • the second terminal of the fourth switching tube Q4 is connected to BUS- connect.
  • the common end of the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 is called the midpoint of the second bridge arm.
  • the second bridge arm may also be referred to as a bridge arm shared by the PFC and an inverter (inverter, INV for short).
  • the third bridge arm includes a fifth switching tube Q5 and a sixth switching tube Q6, and the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth switching tube Q6 are connected in series between BUS+ and BUS-.
  • the first terminal of the fifth switching tube Q5 is connected to BUS+
  • the second terminal of the fifth switching tube Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the sixth switching tube Q6,
  • the second terminal of the sixth switching tube Q6 is connected to BUS- connect.
  • the common end of the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth switching tube Q6 is called the midpoint of the third bridge arm.
  • the third bridge arm may also be referred to as an INV-side high-frequency bridge arm.
  • the DC bus capacitor E1 is connected between BUS+ and BUS-. That is, the first bridge arm, the second bridge arm, the third bridge arm and the DC bus capacitor E1 are connected in parallel between BUS+ and BUS-.
  • the first inductor L1 is a high-frequency inductor on the PFC side
  • the second inductor L2 is a high-frequency inductor on the INV side.
  • the midpoint of the first bridge arm is connected to the first end of the first inductor L1, and the second end of the first inductor L1 is used as the positive voltage input terminal AC_L of the three bridge arm topology device.
  • the midpoint of the second bridge arm is used as the negative voltage input terminal AC_N of the three bridge arm topology device.
  • the midpoint of the third leg is connected to the first end of the second inductor L2, and the second end of the second inductor L2 is the output end of the three-leg topology device, which is respectively connected to the load and the first end of the first capacitor Co,
  • the second terminal of the first capacitor Co is connected to the negative voltage input terminal AC_N.
  • the positive pole of the battery pack is connected to the positive pole of the first end of the voltage conversion circuit, and the negative pole of the battery pack is connected to the negative pole of the first end of the voltage conversion circuit.
  • the positive pole of the second end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to BUS+ and the positive voltage input terminal AC_L through a switch, the negative pole of the second end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to BUS-, and the live wire of the mains AC power supply AC is connected to the positive voltage input terminal AC_L through the switch.
  • the neutral line of the mains AC power supply AC is connected to the negative voltage input terminal AC_N.
  • the aforementioned battery pack may include at least one battery, which may be specifically determined according to the power of the UPS system applied by the three-leg topology device.
  • the UPS system may be an online type with a power between 1 kW and 3 kW.
  • the UPS system in other words, the UPS can be a battery low-voltage high-current UPS system.
  • the three-leg topology device there are two power supply modes in the three-leg topology device, namely: a mains power supply mode and a battery power supply mode.
  • the mains power supply mode mentioned here can be a mode in which the mains AC power supply AC provides stable mains power;
  • the battery power supply mode can be a mode in which the battery pack of the UPS system supplies power.
  • the mains AC power supply AC input The electricity is low voltage, or there is no mains input.
  • the three-leg topology device can switch between the above two modes.
  • the switch can control the mains AC power supply AC to supply power to the three-leg conversion circuit.
  • the three-leg conversion circuit works in AC-AC mode.
  • the PFC of the three-leg conversion circuit converts the AC input from the mains AC power supply to DC (that is, rectifies the AC input from the mains AC power supply), and the DC bus capacitor E1 filters the DC power converted by the PFC (also It can be called a voltage stabilization) to obtain a stable direct current.
  • the INV of the three-arm conversion circuit converts the stable direct current into alternating current and then outputs it to the load to supply power to the load.
  • the DC bus capacitor E1 can filter the DC power obtained by the PFC conversion (also referred to as voltage stabilization) to filter the ripple voltage in the DC power and obtain a smooth and stable DC voltage. At the same time, the DC bus capacitor E1 can store energy.
  • the switch can control the voltage conversion circuit to charge the battery pack.
  • the switch can control the voltage conversion circuit to charge the battery pack when the battery pack is in a mains power supply mode. That is, the charging of the battery pack is realized by the multiplexing voltage conversion circuit, and no additional charger is required.
  • the voltage conversion circuit and the three-leg change circuit both participate in the work, that is, all the components of the three-leg topology device participate in the work.
  • the switch can control the voltage conversion circuit to be connected between BUS+ and BUS-, the voltage conversion circuit works in the BUCK mode (i.e. step-down mode), and the BUS voltage output by the DC bus capacitor E1 (ie the DC bus capacitor E1)
  • the DC bus capacitor E1 ie the DC bus capacitor E1
  • the voltage obtained by filtering the DC power obtained by the PFC conversion) is stepped down to obtain the charging voltage of the battery pack, and the charging voltage is used to charge the battery pack.
  • the battery pack serves as the output source of the voltage conversion circuit.
  • the charger needs to be provided with a rectifier circuit and a step-down circuit.
  • the rectifier circuit is used to rectify the AC power provided by the commercial AC power supply to obtain DC power.
  • the step-down circuit is used to step-down the DC power to obtain the charging voltage of the battery pack. Since the AC power provided by the mains AC power supply fluctuates in a wide voltage range, the step-down circuit set in the charger needs to achieve a wide range of voltage regulation, resulting in low voltage conversion efficiency of the step-down circuit. Therefore, when using charging When the charger is charging the battery pack, the charging efficiency of the charger is low.
  • the BUS voltage output by the DC bus capacitor E1 is a stable DC voltage obtained by the PFC rectification of the three-leg conversion circuit. Therefore, the BUS voltage output by the DC bus capacitor E1 is used for charging the battery pack.
  • the voltage conversion circuit can be reused to reduce the BUS voltage output by the DC bus capacitor E1, and there is no need to separately set up a rectifier circuit. In other words, the PFC of the three-leg conversion circuit is multiplexed to obtain the direct current for charging the battery pack.
  • the BUS voltage output by the DC bus capacitor E1 is a stable DC current
  • the BUS voltage output by the DC bus capacitor E1 can be stepped down without using a voltage conversion circuit with a wide range of voltage regulation, which improves the voltage conversion.
  • the conversion efficiency of the circuit further improves the charging efficiency of the battery pack.
  • the switch can control the voltage conversion circuit to discharge the battery pack.
  • the switch can control the voltage conversion circuit to switch on between the high-frequency inductor (i.e., the first inductor L1) and BUS- on the PFC side.
  • the voltage conversion circuit is connected in series with "the first inductance L1 and the first leg of the three-leg conversion circuit constitute a Boost boost circuit" to achieve a two-stage boost process when discharging the battery pack.
  • the voltage conversion circuit works in Boost mode (ie, boost mode), and performs a one-stage boosting process on the output voltage of the battery pack.
  • the first inductor L1 and the first leg of the three-leg conversion circuit form the Boost boost circuit.
  • the output voltage of the battery pack is subjected to a two-stage boosting process, and the boosted voltage is input to the DC bus capacitor E1 of the three bridge arm conversion circuit to maintain the bus voltage balance.
  • the output voltage of the battery pack is relatively low, while the voltage required by the load is relatively high. Therefore, when the three-leg topology device is applied to a battery low-voltage and high-current UPS system, when a battery pack is used to power the load in a battery low-voltage and high-current UPS system, the three-leg topology device needs to be a lower voltage Raise to a higher voltage, that is, need to perform a step-up process with a larger pressure difference.
  • the maximum boost ratio of the voltage conversion circuit (for example, the output voltage divided by the input voltage) is limited, which may cause the voltage boosted by the voltage conversion circuit to use the maximum boost ratio, which is still less than the load required by the UPS system with low battery and high current The voltage cannot meet the needs of the UPS system with low voltage and high current battery.
  • the above-mentioned use of the voltage conversion circuit for the first-level boosting process causes the voltage conversion circuit to perform a higher boosting ratio boosting process, resulting in lower conversion efficiency of the voltage conversion circuit, risk of current stress and heat loss of the voltage conversion circuit The risk is higher.
  • this application connects the voltage conversion circuit in series with "the first inductor L1 and the first leg of the three-leg conversion circuit constitute a boost boost circuit"
  • the two-stage boosting method can make the Boost boost circuit composed of the first inductor L1 and the first leg of the three-leg conversion circuit share part of the voltage boosting operation, so as to obtain a larger boost ratio at the same time,
  • the voltage conversion circuit itself does not need to perform a step-up process with a large voltage difference.
  • the voltage difference between the input voltage and the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit is smaller, that is, the step-up ratio is smaller, the voltage conversion efficiency of the voltage conversion circuit is higher. Therefore, the conversion efficiency of the voltage conversion circuit can be improved through the above-mentioned two-stage boosting method, thereby reducing the risk of current stress and heat loss of the voltage conversion circuit, and improving the reliability of the UPS system with low battery and high current.
  • the battery pack is the input source of the voltage conversion circuit, and the output of the voltage conversion circuit provides power for the three-leg conversion circuit.
  • the three-leg conversion circuit works in DC-AC mode.
  • the first leg of the three-leg conversion circuit and the first inductor L1 work in Boost mode
  • the DC bus capacitor E1 filters the boosted DC power to obtain stable DC power
  • the third leg works in inverter mode.
  • the stable direct current is converted into alternating current and then output to the load to supply power to the load.
  • the DC bus capacitor E1 can store energy.
  • both the voltage conversion circuit and the three-leg change circuit participate in the work, that is, all the components of the three-leg topology device participate in the work.
  • the voltage conversion circuit involved in the embodiment of the present application may be any circuit with a bidirectional voltage conversion function.
  • a voltage conversion circuit with soft switching a voltage conversion circuit with hard switching, and so on.
  • the voltage conversion circuit may be a voltage conversion circuit with electrical isolation, or a voltage conversion circuit without electrical isolation.
  • the voltage conversion circuit may also be referred to as a DC-DC converter.
  • FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the first three-leg topology device provided by this application. As shown in FIG. The bridge arm, the sixth bridge arm, the seventh bridge arm, the transformer TX11, the third inductor L3, the second capacitor C2, and the third capacitor E2.
  • the fourth bridge arm includes a seventh switching tube Q7 and an eighth switching tube Q8, and a first end of the seventh switching tube Q7 is connected to a first end of the eighth switching tube Q8. At this time, the common end of the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 is called the midpoint of the fourth bridge arm.
  • the fifth bridge arm includes a ninth switching tube Q9 and a tenth switching tube Q10, and a first end of the ninth switching tube Q9 is connected to a first end of the tenth switching tube Q10. At this time, the common end of the ninth switching tube Q9 and the tenth switching tube Q10 is called the midpoint of the fifth bridge arm.
  • the sixth bridge arm includes an eleventh switching tube Q11 and a twelfth switching tube Q12, and a first end of the eleventh switching tube Q11 is connected to a first end of the twelfth switching tube Q12. At this time, the common end of the eleventh switch transistor Q11 and the twelfth switch transistor Q12 is called the midpoint of the sixth bridge arm.
  • the seventh bridge arm includes a thirteenth switching tube Q13 and a fourteenth switching tube Q14, and the first end of the thirteenth switching tube Q13 is connected to the first end of the fourteenth switching tube Q14. At this time, the common end of the thirteenth switching tube Q13 and the fourteenth switching tube Q14 is called the midpoint of the seventh bridge arm.
  • the fourth bridge arm is connected in parallel with the fifth bridge arm.
  • the second terminal of the seventh switching tube Q7 is connected to the second terminal of the ninth switching tube Q9
  • the second terminal of the eighth switching tube Q8 is connected to the second terminal of the tenth switching tube Q10. connect.
  • the sixth bridge arm, the seventh bridge arm, and the third capacitor E2 are connected in parallel.
  • the second terminal of the eleventh switch tube Q11 is connected to the second terminal of the thirteenth switch tube Q13 and the first terminal of the third capacitor E2, and the second terminal of the twelfth switch tube Q12 The two ends are connected to the second end of the fourteenth switch tube Q14 and the second end of the third capacitor E2.
  • the third capacitor E2 may be a DC capacitor for providing a filtering function, so that the voltage conversion circuit provides stable DC power when charging or discharging the battery pack.
  • the first end A of the transformer TX11 is connected to the midpoint of the fourth bridge arm, the second end B of the transformer TX11 is connected to the midpoint of the fifth bridge arm, and the third end of the transformer TX11 is connected to the midpoint of the fifth bridge arm.
  • C is connected to the midpoint of the fifth bridge arm through the third inductor L3 and the second capacitor C2, and the fourth terminal D of the transformer TX11 is connected to the midpoint of the sixth bridge arm.
  • the second terminal of the seventh switch tube Q7 is the positive pole of the first terminal of the voltage conversion circuit
  • the second terminal of the eighth switch tube Q8 is the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit.
  • One end of the negative pole, the second end of the thirteenth switch tube Q13 is the positive pole of the second end of the voltage conversion circuit
  • the second end of the fourteenth switch tube Q14 is the second end of the voltage conversion circuit. The negative terminal of the terminal.
  • Q11, Q12, Q13, and Q14 are used as switch tubes, and the external diodes (also called parasitic diodes, etc.) of Q7, Q8, Q9, and Q10 are used as rectifiers.
  • Q11 and Q14 are turned on at the same time
  • Q12 and Q13 are turned on at the same time.
  • a fixed frequency and constant duty cycle control method can be used to charge the battery pack.
  • the constant duty cycle mentioned here refers to the use of the same duty cycle for control so that the on-time of Q11 and Q14 are the same as the on-time of Q12 and Q13.
  • the fixed frequency mentioned here refers to the use of fixed frequency for voltage regulation control.
  • Q7, Q8, Q9, and Q10 are used as switch tubes, and the external diodes (also called parasitic diodes, etc.) of Q11, Q12, Q13, and Q14 are used as rectifiers.
  • Q7 and Q10 are turned on at the same time, and Q8 and Q9 are turned on at the same time.
  • a variable frequency and constant duty cycle control method can be used to discharge the battery pack.
  • the constant duty cycle mentioned here refers to the use of the same duty cycle to control Q7, Q8, Q9, and Q10, so that the conduction duration of Q7 and Q10 is the same as the conduction duration of Q8 and Q9.
  • the frequency conversion mentioned here refers to the use of frequency conversion for voltage regulation and control.
  • Soft-Switching is a kind of switching technology relative to Hard-Switching.
  • the soft switching technology can make the switch tube in the voltage conversion circuit lower the voltage to zero before turning on, and before the switch tube is turned off, the current is first reduced to zero (ie, zero voltage turn on, zero current turn off) to eliminate
  • the overlap of voltage and current in the switching process of the switching tube reduces their rate of change, thereby greatly reducing or even eliminating the switching loss of the voltage conversion circuit, and realizing the high frequency of the voltage conversion circuit.
  • the voltage conversion circuit can only achieve zero voltage turn-on, and cannot achieve zero current turn-off, resulting in the voltage conversion circuit unable to achieve zero voltage turn-on and zero current turn-off.
  • Soft switching under full working conditions that is, the voltage conversion circuit cannot work under the full working conditions of zero voltage turn-on and zero current shut-off, which in turn causes the conversion efficiency of the voltage conversion circuit to be lower than the conversion efficiency under full working conditions, increasing the voltage The risk of current stress and heat loss of the conversion circuit.
  • the voltage conversion circuit is combined with the "first inductance L1 and the first bridge of the three-leg conversion circuit".
  • the arms constitute the Boost boost circuit, which is connected in series, which enables the voltage conversion circuit to achieve a soft switching function with a fixed boost ratio (for example, the fixed boost ratio can achieve a smaller voltage difference).
  • the first inductor L1 and the third inductor composed of the first leg of the bridge arm conversion circuit realizes the voltage regulation function, that is, while obtaining a larger boost ratio, the voltage conversion circuit with soft switching does not need to perform a larger voltage difference. Boost processing.
  • the voltage conversion circuit with soft switching can work under the full working conditions of zero voltage turn-on and zero current turn-off, which improves the conversion efficiency of the voltage conversion circuit with soft switching, thereby reducing the cost of the voltage conversion circuit with soft switching.
  • Current stress risk and heat loss risk improve the reliability of UPS systems with low battery voltage and high current.
  • FIG. 3 is only a schematic diagram of a voltage conversion circuit with soft switching.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application may also adopt other voltage conversion circuits with soft switching, which will not be repeated.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an example of a voltage conversion circuit provided with electrical isolation (for example, the transformer in FIG. 3 realizes the electrical isolation of the voltage conversion circuit), it should be understood that the voltage conversion circuit involved in the embodiment of the present application It can be a voltage conversion circuit with electrical isolation, or a voltage conversion circuit without electrical isolation.
  • the voltage conversion circuit has electrical isolation, the first leg of the three-leg conversion circuit is not electrically isolated, or the voltage conversion circuit is not electrically isolated, and the first leg of the three-leg conversion circuit is electrically isolated, or the voltage conversion
  • the circuit has electrical isolation, the first bridge arm of the three-leg conversion circuit has electrical isolation, or the voltage conversion circuit has no electrical isolation, and the first bridge arm of the three-leg conversion circuit has no electrical isolation.
  • the three-leg topology device when the above-mentioned three-leg topology device switches from the mains power supply mode to the battery power supply mode, or when switching from the battery power supply mode to the mains power supply mode, there is a certain time difference due to the mode switching (for example, from There may be a time difference of X seconds between the disconnection of the mains and the power supply of the battery pack. Therefore, within this time difference, the three-leg topology device can use the voltage stored in the DC bus capacitor E1 to supply power to the load to provide stable AC power to the load. Avoid load power failure.
  • the three-leg topology device realizeds the charging or discharging of the battery pack by multiplexing the voltage conversion circuit, that is, the voltage conversion circuit, and can realize the charging function of the battery pack without adding an additional charger.
  • the voltage conversion circuit and the three-leg change circuit all participate in the work, that is, all the devices of the three-bridge topology device participate in the work.
  • the switch may include, for example, a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and balance components.
  • the positive pole of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the fixed terminal of the first switch K1
  • the first selection terminal of the first switch K1 is connected to the first terminal of the balance component
  • the second terminal of the balance component is connected to BUS+
  • the second selection terminal of the first switch K1 is connected to the positive voltage input terminal AC_L
  • the first terminal of the second switch K2 is connected to the live wire of the mains AC power supply AC
  • the second terminal of the second switch K2 is connected to the positive voltage input terminal AC_L
  • the negative pole of the second end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to BUS-.
  • the fixed end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first selection end of the first switch K1, and the second switch K2 is closed; in the battery power supply mode, the fixed end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first switch K1
  • the second selection terminal of is connected, and the second switch K2 is disconnected.
  • the first switch K1 may be any selective switch that can be turned on or off according to a control signal, such as a double-throw relay, a bidirectional electronic switch, or a thyristor.
  • the second switch K2 can be any switch that can be turned on or off according to a control signal, for example, a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, a thyristor, and the like.
  • the above-mentioned balancing components are used to balance the voltage between the BUS of the three-leg conversion circuit and the voltage conversion circuit in the mains power supply mode, thereby avoiding the fixed end of the first switch K1 and the first selection end of the first switch K1 At the moment of connection, a relatively large current is input to the voltage conversion circuit, so that the voltage conversion circuit can be protected against overcurrent.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, a varistor RZ.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balance component may be, for example, a thermistor RT with a negative temperature coefficient.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, a third inductor L3.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, a resistor R1.
  • the above-mentioned switch may further include: a third switch K3.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fifth three-arm topology device provided by this application. As shown in Fig. 7, in the fifth possible connection manner, the third switch K3 is connected in parallel with the resistor R1.
  • the third switch K3 in the mains power supply mode and when the voltage difference between the bus bar and the voltage conversion circuit is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the third switch K3 is closed to enable the voltage conversion circuit Charge the battery pack. In the battery power supply mode, the third switch K3 is turned off.
  • the aforementioned third switch K3 may be any switch that can be turned on or off according to a control signal, for example, a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, a thyristor, and the like.
  • the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 can be the same switch or different switches.
  • the second switch K2 uses a thyristor
  • the third switch K3 uses a unidirectional electronic switch.
  • Mains power supply mode control the fixed end of the first switch K1 to connect with the first selection end of the first switch K1, the second switch K2 is closed, and the voltage conversion circuit between the BUS+ of the three-leg topology device and the voltage conversion circuit of the three-leg topology device When the voltage difference between the two is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the third switch K3 is controlled to close. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Buck mode.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the current in the mains power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application.
  • the second switching tube Q2 and the fourth switching tube Q4 of the three-leg conversion circuit are controlled to be turned on, and the first switching tube Q1 and the third switching tube Q3 are turned off. Off.
  • the current flow in the three-leg topology device is as follows:
  • BUS+ the positive pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ the positive pole of the battery pack ⁇ the negative pole of the battery pack ⁇ the negative pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ BUS-, which constitutes the energy storage circuit of the battery pack.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the current of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application in the mains power supply mode. As shown in Figure 9, in the second phase of the positive half cycle of the alternating current, the first switching transistor Q1 and the The fourth switching tube Q4 is turned on, and the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3 are turned off. At this time, the current flow in the three-leg topology device is as follows:
  • BUS+ the positive pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ the positive pole of the battery pack ⁇ the negative pole of the battery pack ⁇ the negative pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ BUS-, which constitutes the energy storage circuit of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the current of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application in the mains power supply mode. As shown in FIG. The third switching tube Q3 is turned on, and the second switching tube Q2 and the fourth switching tube Q4 are turned off. At this time, the current flow in the three-leg topology device is as follows:
  • BUS+ the positive pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ the positive pole of the battery pack ⁇ the negative pole of the battery pack ⁇ the negative pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ BUS-, which constitutes the energy storage circuit of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the current in the mains power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application. As shown in FIG. 11, in the second phase of the negative half cycle of the alternating current, the second switching transistor Q2 and the The third switching tube Q3 is turned on, and the first switching tube Q1 and the fourth switching tube Q4 are turned off. At this time, the current flow in the three-leg topology device is as follows:
  • BUS+ the positive pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ the positive pole of the battery pack ⁇ the negative pole of the battery pack ⁇ the negative pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ BUS-, which constitutes the energy storage circuit of the battery pack.
  • Battery power supply mode control the fixed end of the first switch K1 to communicate with the second selection end of the first switch K1, and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are disconnected. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Boost mode.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the current in the battery power supply mode of the fourth three-leg topology device provided by this application. As shown in FIG. The switching tube Q1, the third switching tube Q3, and the fourth switching tube Q4 are turned off. At this time, the current flow in the three-leg topology device is as follows:
  • the positive pole of the battery pack ⁇ the positive pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ the first inductor L1 ⁇ the second switch tube Q2 ⁇ the negative pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ the negative pole of the battery pack, forming an energy storage loop of the first inductor L1.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the current in the battery power supply mode of another three-leg topology device provided by this application.
  • the first switch Q1 is controlled to be turned on, and the second The switching tube Q2, the third switching tube Q3, and the fourth switching tube Q4 are turned off.
  • the current flow in the three-leg topology device is as follows:
  • the positive pole of the battery pack ⁇ the positive pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ the first inductor L1 ⁇ the first switch tube Q1 ⁇ the DC bus capacitor E1 ⁇ the negative pole of the voltage conversion circuit ⁇ the negative pole of the battery pack, forming an energy storage circuit of the DC bus capacitor E1.
  • Mains power supply mode control the fixed end of the first switch K1 to communicate with the first selection end of the first switch K1, and the second switch K2 is closed. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Buck mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG. 6.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG.
  • Battery power supply mode control the fixed terminal of the first switch K1 to be connected with the second selection terminal of the first switch K1, and the second switch K2 is turned off. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Boost mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the battery power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a sixth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the switch may include, for example, a first switch K1, a second switch K2, and balance components.
  • the positive pole of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is respectively connected to the first terminal of the first switch K1 and the first selection terminal of the second switch K2, and the second terminal of the first switch K1 is connected to the first terminal of the balance component,
  • the second end of the balance component is connected to BUS+
  • the second selection end of the second switch K2 is connected to the live wire of the AC power supply
  • the fixed end of the second switch K2 is connected to the positive voltage input terminal AC_L
  • the negative pole of the terminal is connected to BUS-.
  • the first switch K1 In the mains power supply mode, the first switch K1 is closed, and the fixed end of the second switch K2 is connected to the second selection end of the second switch K2; in the battery power supply mode, the first switch K1 is open, and the second switch K2 The fixed end is connected to the first selection end of the second switch K2.
  • the first switch K1 may be any switch that can be turned on or off according to a control signal, for example, a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, a thyristor, etc.
  • the second switch K2 can be any selection switch that can be turned on or off according to a control signal, such as a double-throw relay, a bidirectional electronic switch, or a thyristor.
  • the above-mentioned balancing components are used to balance the voltage between the BUS+ of the three-leg conversion circuit and the voltage conversion circuit in the mains power supply mode, thereby avoiding the fixed end of the first switch K1 and the first selection end of the first switch K1 At the moment of connection, a relatively large current is input to the voltage conversion circuit, so that overcurrent protection can be realized for the voltage conversion circuit.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, a varistor RZ.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a seventh three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balance component may be, for example, a thermistor RT with a negative temperature coefficient.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an eighth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, a third inductor L3.
  • Mains power supply mode control the first switch K1 to close, and the fixed end of the second switch K2 is connected to the second selection end of the second switch K2. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Buck mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG. 6.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG.
  • the first switch K1 is controlled to be turned off, and the fixed end of the second switch K2 is connected to the first selection end of the second switch K2. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Boost mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the battery power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a ninth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, a resistor R1.
  • the above-mentioned switch may further include: a third switch K3.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the tenth three-arm topology device provided by this application. As shown in FIG. 18, in the tenth possible connection manner, the third switch K3 is connected in parallel with the resistor R1.
  • the third switch K3 in the mains power supply mode and when the voltage difference between the bus and the voltage conversion circuit is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the third switch K3 is closed to make the voltage conversion circuit Charge the battery pack. In the battery power supply mode, the third switch K3 is turned off.
  • the aforementioned third switch K3 may be any switch that can be turned on or off according to a control signal, for example, a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, a thyristor, and the like.
  • first switch K1 and the third switch K3 may be the same switch or different switches.
  • first switch K1 uses a thyristor
  • third switch K3 uses a unidirectional electronic switch.
  • Mains power supply mode control the first switch K1 to close, the fixed end of the second switch K2 is connected to the second selection end of the second switch K2, and the voltage conversion circuit between the BUS of the three-leg topology device and the three-leg topology device
  • the third switch K3 is controlled to close. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Buck mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG. 6.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG.
  • Battery power supply mode control the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 to be turned off, and the fixed end of the second switch K2 is connected to the first selection end of the second switch K2. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Boost mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the battery power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the eleventh three-leg topology device provided by this application.
  • the switch may include, for example, a first switch K1, a second switch K2, a third switch K3, and balance components.
  • the anode of the second terminal of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first switch K1 and the first terminal of the third switch K3, the second terminal of the first switch K1 is connected to the positive voltage input terminal AC_L, and the second switch
  • the first end of K2 is connected to the live wire of the mains AC power supply AC
  • the second end of the second switch K2 is connected to the positive voltage input terminal AC_L
  • the second end of the third switch K3 is connected to the first end of the balance component, which is balanced
  • the second end of the component is connected to BUS+
  • the negative electrode of the second end of the voltage conversion circuit is connected to BUS-.
  • the first switch K1 In the mains power supply mode, the first switch K1 is opened, and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are closed; in the battery power supply mode, the first switch K1 is closed, and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are opened.
  • the above-mentioned balancing components are used to balance the voltage between the BUS of the three-leg conversion circuit and the voltage conversion circuit in the mains power supply mode, so as to avoid the moment when the first switch K3 is closed, a large current is input to the voltage conversion circuit, Thereby, overcurrent protection can be realized for the voltage switching circuit.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, a varistor RZ.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a twelfth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balance component may be, for example, a thermistor RT with a negative temperature coefficient.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the thirteenth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, the third inductor L3.
  • Mains power supply mode control the first switch K1 to open, and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 to close. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Buck mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG. 6.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG.
  • Battery power supply mode control the first switch K1 to close, and the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 to open. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Boost mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the battery power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of a fourteenth three-arm topology device provided by this application.
  • the above-mentioned balancing component may be, for example, a resistor R1.
  • the above-mentioned switch may further include: a fourth switch K4.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the fifteenth three-arm topology device provided by this application. As shown in Fig. 23, in the fifteenth possible connection mode, the fourth switch K4 is connected in parallel with the resistor R1.
  • the fourth switch K4 in the mains power supply mode and when the voltage difference between the bus and the voltage conversion circuit is less than or equal to the preset threshold, the fourth switch K4 is closed to make the voltage conversion circuit Charge the battery pack. In the battery power supply mode, the fourth switch K4 is turned off.
  • the aforementioned fourth switch K4 may be any switch that can be turned on or off according to a control signal, for example, a single throw relay, a one-way electronic switch, a thyristor, and the like.
  • the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, and the fourth switch K4 can be any switch that can be turned on or off according to a control signal, for example, a single-throw relay, a one-way electronic Switches, thyristors, etc. It should be understood that the first switch K1, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, and the fourth switch K4 may be the same switch or different switches. For example, the first switch K1 uses a thyristor, the second switch K2, the third switch K3, and the fourth switch K4 use single-throw relays, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Mains power supply mode control the first switch K1 to open, the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 to close, and the voltage difference between the BUS of the three-leg topology device and the voltage conversion circuit of the three-leg topology device is less than
  • the fourth switch K4 is controlled to be closed. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Buck mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG. 6.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device in the mains power supply mode shown in FIG.
  • Battery power supply mode control the first switch K1 to close, the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the fourth switch K4 to open. At this time, the voltage conversion circuit works in Boost mode.
  • the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device in the battery power supply mode is the same as the state of each switch tube of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • the current trend of the three-leg topology device is the same as the current trend of the three-leg topology device shown in FIG. 6 in the battery power supply mode.
  • the three-leg topology circuit is applied to a battery low-voltage high-current UPS system as an example, those skilled in the art will understand that the three-leg topology circuit can also be applied to other UPS systems (such as large-scale UPS). Power UPS system), or other systems (such as inverter systems) that use different power sources (mains or battery packs) to supply power under different conditions, etc., and this will not be repeated here.
  • UPS system large-scale UPS
  • UPS system Power UPS system
  • inverter systems such as inverter systems
  • the voltage conversion circuit may be any circuit with a bidirectional voltage conversion function.
  • the voltage conversion circuit shown in FIG. 3 is not limited to this.
  • the present application also provides an uninterruptible power supply system, which includes: a commercial AC power supply AC, a load, and the three-leg topology device shown in the foregoing embodiment (for example, FIG. 2, FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, and, The three-arm topology device shown in any one of Figures 14 to 23).
  • a commercial AC power supply AC for example, FIG. 2, FIG. 4 to FIG. 7, and, The three-arm topology device shown in any one of Figures 14 to 23.
  • the live wire of the mains AC power supply is connected to the positive voltage input terminal AC_L of the three-leg topology device
  • the neutral line of the mains AC power supply is connected to the negative voltage input terminal AC_N of the three-leg topology device
  • the output of the three-leg topology device The terminal is connected to the load.
  • the uninterruptible power supply system provided in this application may be, for example, a battery low-voltage high-current UPS system, or an online medium and small power UPS system.

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Abstract

一种三桥臂拓扑装置及不间断电源系统，三桥臂拓扑装置通过复用电压转换电路，这样，不需要额外添加充电器即可对电池组实现充电功能。另外，无论在市电供电模式还是电池供电模式，电压转换电路和三桥臂变化电路均参与工作，即三桥臂拓扑装置的所有器件均参与工作。当将该三桥臂拓扑装置应用于电池低压大电流不间断电源系统时，可以提高该系统的器件复用率，避免器件设计冗余，进而降低了电池低压大电流不间断电源系统的成本。

Description

三桥臂拓扑装置及不间断电源系统
本申请要求申请日为2020年5月22日、申请号为202020885385.5的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及不间断电源技术，例如涉及一种三桥臂拓扑装置及不间断电源系统。
背景技术
在线式不间断电源(Uninterrupted Power Supply，简称：UPS)系统是指不管电网电压是否正常，负载所用的交流电压都要经过逆变电路的一种UPS系统。按照功率划分，在线式UPS系统分为在线式中小功率UPS系统和在线式大功率UPS系统。在线式中小功率UPS系统通常是指功率位于1千瓦至3千瓦之间的在线式UPS系统。
电池低压大电流UPS系统是一种在线式中小功率UPS系统，该UPS系统的电池组具有较少节数的电池，在使用该电池组为负载供电时，该电池组可以输出低电压大电流的电能。由于电池低压大电流UPS系统所使用的电池组中电池节数少，因此，电池低压大电流UPS系统在线式中小功率UPS领域被广泛应用。然而，现有电池低压大电流UPS系统的器件复用率较低，导致电池低压大电流UPS系统的成本较高。
发明内容
本申请提供一种三桥臂拓扑装置及不间断电源系统，用于解决现有电池低压大电流UPS系统的器件复用率较低的技术问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种三桥臂拓扑装置，所述三桥臂拓扑装置包括：电池组、电压转换电路、切换开关和三桥臂变换电路；
所述三桥臂变换电路包括：第一桥臂、第二桥臂、第三桥臂、第一电感、第二电感、直流母线电容、第一电容；所述第一桥臂包括串联的第一开关管和第二开关管；所述第二桥臂包括串联的第三开关管和第四开关管；所述第三桥 臂包括串联的第五开关管和第六开关管；所述第一桥臂、所述第二桥臂、所述第三桥臂和所述直流母线电容并联连接在母线正输出端和母线负输出端之间；所述第一桥臂的中点与所述第一电感的第一端连接，所述第一电感的第二端作为所述三桥臂拓扑装置的正电压输入端连接；所述第二桥臂的中点作为所述三桥臂拓扑装置的负电压输入端连接；所述第三桥臂的中点与所述第二电感的第一端连接，所述第二电感的第二端为所述三桥臂拓扑装置的输出端，分别与负载和所述第一电容的第一端连接，所述第一电容的第二端与所述负电压输入端连接；
所述电池组与所述电压转换电路的第一端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极通过所述切换开关分别与所述母线正输出端和所述正电压输入端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极与所述母线负输出端连接，市电交流电源的火线通过所述切换开关与所述正电压输入端连接，所述市电交流电源的零线与所述负电压输入端连接；所述切换开关，用于在市电供电模式时，控制所述电压转换电路为所述电池组充电；在电池供电模式时，控制所述电压转换电路为所述电池组放电。
第一种可能的实现方式，所述切换开关包括：第一开关、第二开关和平衡元器件；所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极与所述第一开关的固定端连接，所述第一开关的第一选择端与所述平衡元器件的第一端连接，所述平衡元器件的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接，所述第一开关的第二选择端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述第二开关的第一端与所述市电交流电源的火线连接，所述第二开关的第二端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极与所述母线负输出端连接；所述平衡元器件，用于平衡母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压；在所述市电供电模式时，所述第一开关的固定端与所述第一开关的第一选择端连通，所述第二开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第一开关的固定端与所述第一开关的第二选择端连通，所述第二开关断开。
可选的，所述第一开关为下述任一项：双掷继电器、双向电子开关、晶闸管。可选的，所述第二开关为下述任一项：单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管。可选的，所述平衡元器件为下述任一项：压敏电阻、负温度系数的热敏电阻、第三电感。
可选的，所述平衡元器件为电阻，所述切换开关还包括：第三开关；所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极与所述第三开关的第一端连接，所述第三开关的 第二端与所述母线正输出端连接；或者，所述第三开关与所述电阻并联连接；在所述市电供电模式、且在所述母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，所述第三开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第三开关断开。可选的，所述第三开关为下述任一项：单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管。
第二种可能的实现方式，所述切换开关包括：第一开关、第二开关和平衡元器件；所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极分别与所述第一开关的第一端，以及，所述第二开关的第一选择端连接，所述第一开关的第二端与所述平衡元器件的第一端连接，所述平衡元器件的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接，所述第二开关的第二选择端与所述市电交流电源的火线连接，所述第二开关的固定端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极与所述母线负输出端连接；所述平衡元器件，用于平衡母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压；在所述市电供电模式时，所述第一开关闭合，所述第二开关的固定端与所述第二开关的第二选择端连通；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第一开关断开，所述第二开关的固定端与所述第二开关的第一选择端连通。
可选的，所述第一开关为下述任一项：单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管。可选的，所述第二开关为下述任一项：双掷继电器、双向电子开关、晶闸管。可选的，所述平衡元器件为下述任一项：压敏电阻、负温度系数的热敏电阻、第三电感。
可选的，所述平衡元器件为电阻，所述切换开关还包括：第三开关；所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极与所述第三开关的第一端连接，所述第三开关的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接；或者，所述第三开关与所述电阻并联连接；在所述市电供电模式、且在所述母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，所述第三开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第三开关断开。可选的，所述第三开关为下述任一项：单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管。
第三种可能的实现方式，所述切换开关包括：第一开关、第二开关、第三开关和平衡元器件；所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极分别与所述第一开关的第一端和所述第三开关的第一端连接，所述第一开关的第二端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述第二开关的第一端与所述市电交流电源的火线连接，所述第二开关的第二端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述第三开关的第二端与所述平衡元 器件的第一端连接，所述平衡元器件的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极与所述母线负输出端连接；所述平衡元器件，用于平衡母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压；在所述市电供电模式时，所述第一开关断开，所述第二开关和所述第三开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第一开关闭合，所述第二开关和所述第三开关断开。
可选的，所述第一开关为下述任一项：单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管。可选的，所述第二开关为下述任一项：单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管。可选的，所述第三开关为下述任一项：单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管。可选的，所述平衡元器件为下述任一项：压敏电阻、负温度系数的热敏电阻、第三电感。
可选的，所述平衡元器件为电阻，所述切换开关还包括：第四开关；所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极与所述第四开关的第一端连接，所述第四开关的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接；或者，所述第四开关与所述电阻并联连接；在所述市电供电模式、且在所述母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，所述第四开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第四开关断开。可选的，所述第四开关为下述任一项：单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管。
第四种可能的实现方式，所述电压转换电路包括：第四桥臂、第五桥臂、第六桥臂、第七桥臂、变压器、第三电感、第二电容、第三电容；
所述第四桥臂包括第七开关管和第八开关管，所述第七开关管的第一端与所述第八开关管的第一端连接；
所述第五桥臂包括第九开关管和第十开关管，所述第九开关管的第一端与所述第十开关管的第一端连接；
所述第六桥臂包括第十一开关管和第十二开关管，所述第十一开关管的第一端与所述第十二开关管的第一端连接；
所述第七桥臂包括第十三开关管和第十四开关管，所述第十三开关管的第一端与所述第十四开关管的第一端连接；
所述第四桥臂与所述第五桥臂并联连接，所述第六桥臂、所述第七桥臂与所述第三电容并联连接，所述变压器的第一端与所述第四桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器的第二端与所述第五桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器的第三端通过所述第三电感和所述第二电容与所述第五桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器的第四端与 所述第六桥臂的中点连接；
所述第七开关管的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第一端的正极，所述第八开关管的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第一端的负极，所述第十三开关管的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极，所述第十四开关管的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极。
第二方面，本申请还提供了一种不间断电源系统，所述系统包括：市电交流电源、负载，以及，如第一方面任一项所述的三桥臂拓扑装置；其中，所述市电交流电源的火线与所述三桥臂拓扑装置的正电压输入端连接，所述市电交流电源的零线与所述三桥臂拓扑装置的负电压输入端连接，所述三桥臂拓扑装置的输出端与所述负载连接。
本申请提供的三桥臂拓扑装置及不间断电源系统，通过复用电压转换电路实现电池组的充电或放电，不需要额外添加充电器即可对电池组实现充电功能。另外，无论在市电供电模式还是电池供电模式，电压转换电路和三桥臂变化电路均参与工作，即三桥臂拓扑装置的所有器件均参与工作。当将该三桥臂拓扑装置应用于电池低压大电流UPS系统时，可以提高该系统的器件复用率，避免器件设计冗余，进而降低了电池低压大电流UPS系统的成本。
附图说明
图1为相关技术提供的一种电池低压大电流UPS系统的结构示意图；
图2为本申请提供的第一种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图一；
图3为本申请提供的第一种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图二；
图4为本申请提供的第二种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图5为本申请提供的第三种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图6为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图7为本申请提供的第五种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图8为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流示意图；
图9为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流示意图；
图10为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流示意图；
图11为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流示意图；
图12为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流示意图；
图13为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流示意图；
图14为本申请提供的第六种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图15为本申请提供的第七种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图16为本申请提供的第八种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图17为本申请提供的第九种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图18为本申请提供的第十种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图19为本申请提供的第十一种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图20为本申请提供的第十二种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图21为本申请提供的第十三种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图22为本申请提供的第十四种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图；
图23为本申请提供的第十五种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1为相关技术提供的一种电池低压大电流UPS系统的结构示意图。如图1所示，目前，常见的电池低压大电流UPS系统包括：充电器、电池组、单向的直流电(Direct Current-Direct Current，简称：DC-DC)转换器、市电交流电源(Alternating Current，简称：AC)、维也纳整流变换器、半桥逆变器。
在市电供电模式下(即AC供电时)，维也纳整流变换器将市电交流电源转换为直流电，半桥逆变器将直流电再转换为交流电提供给负载，充电器为电池组充电。在市电供电模式下，维也纳整流变换器、半桥逆变器和充电器参与工作，在该模式下，DC-DC转换器处于闲置状态。
在电池供电模式下(即电池组供电时)，DC-DC变换器对电池组输出的直流电进行升压处理、半桥逆变器将直流电再转换为交流电提供给负载。即，DC-DC变换器与半桥逆变器参与工作。在电池供电模式下，维也纳整流变换器和充电器处于闲置状态。
也就是说，现有的电池低压大电流UPS系统在工作时，部分器件处于闲置 状态，使得现有电池低压大电流UPS系统的器件复用率较低，导致电池低压大电流UPS系统的成本较高。
考虑到上述问题，本申请实施例提供了一种三桥臂拓扑装置，当该装置应用于电池低压大电流UPS系统时，无论是市电供电模式，还是电池供电模式，该装置所有的器件均参与工作，提高了电池低压大电流UPS系统的器件复用率，进而降低了电池低压大电流UPS系统的成本。
下面结合具体地实施例对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图2为本申请提供的第一种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图一。如图2所示，该三桥臂拓扑装置可以包括：电池组、电压转换电路、切换开关和三桥臂变换电路。
该三桥臂变换电路可以包括：第一桥臂、第二桥臂、第三桥臂、第一电感L1、第二电感L2、直流母线电容E1、第一电容Co。
所述第一桥臂包括第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2，所述第一开关管Q1和第二开关管Q2串联接在BUS+和BUS-之间，BUS+即母线正输出端，BUS-即母线负输出端。例如，第一开关管Q1的第一端与BUS+连接，所述第一开关管Q1的第二端与第二开关管Q2的第一端连接，第二开关管Q2的第二端与BUS-连接。其中，第一开关管Q1和第二开关管Q2的公共端称为第一桥臂的中点。在一些实施例中，该第一桥臂也可以称为功率因数校正(Power Factor Correction，简称：PFC)侧高频桥臂。
所述第二桥臂包括第三开关管Q3、第四开关管Q4，所述第三开关管Q3和第四开关管Q4串联接在BUS+和BUS-之间。例如，第三开关管Q3的第一端与BUS+连接，所述第三开关管Q3的第二端与第四开关管Q4的第一端连接，第四开关管Q4的第二端与BUS-连接。其中，第三开关管Q3和第四开关管Q4的公共端称为第二桥臂的中点。在一些实施例中，该第二桥臂也可以称为PFC与逆变器(inverter，简称：INV)共用的桥臂。
所述第三桥臂包括第五开关管Q5、第六开关管Q6，所述第五开关管Q5和第六开关管Q6串联接在BUS+和BUS-之间。例如，第五开关管Q5的第一端与BUS+连接，所述第五开关管Q5的第二端与第六开关管Q6的第一端连接，第六开关管Q6的第二端与BUS-连接。其中，第五开关管Q5和第六开关管Q6的 公共端称为第三桥臂的中点。在一些实施例中，该第三桥臂也可以称为INV侧高频桥臂。
直流母线电容E1连接在BUS+和BUS-之间。也就是说，第一桥臂、第二桥臂、第三桥臂和直流母线电容E1并联连接在BUS+和BUS-之间。
第一电感L1为PFC侧的高频电感，第二电感L2为INV侧的高频电感。第一桥臂的中点与第一电感L1的第一端连接，第一电感L1的第二端作为三桥臂拓扑装置的正电压输入端AC_L。第二桥臂的中点作为三桥臂拓扑装置的负电压输入端AC_N。第三桥臂的中点与第二电感L2的第一端连接，第二电感L2的第二端为三桥臂拓扑装置的输出端，分别与负载和第一电容Co的第一端连接，第一电容Co的第二端与负电压输入端AC_N连接。
电池组的正极与电压转换电路的第一端的正极连接，电池组的负极与电压转换电路的第一端的负极连接。电压转换电路的第二端的正极通过切换开关分别与BUS+和正电压输入端AC_L连接，电压转换电路的第二端的负极与BUS-连接，市电交流电源AC的火线通过切换开关与正电压输入端AC_L连接，市电交流电源AC的零线与负电压输入端AC_N连接。
上述所说的电池组可以包括至少一节电池，具体可以根据该三桥臂拓扑装置所应用的UPS系统的功率确定，例如，该UPS系统可以为功率位于1千瓦至3千瓦之间的在线式UPS系统，或者说，该UPS可以为电池低压大电流UPS系统。
在本实施例中，三桥臂拓扑装置存在两种供电模式，分别为：市电供电模式和电池供电模式。这里所说的市电供电模式可以是由市电交流电源AC提供稳定的市电的模式；电池供电模式可以是由UPS系统的电池组供电的模式，此时，市电交流电源AC输入的市电为低压，或者，无市电输入。通过切换开关，三桥臂拓扑装置可以在上述两种模式之间切换。
在市电供电模式下，切换开关可以控制市电交流电源AC为三桥臂变换电路供电。此时，三桥臂变换电路工作在AC-AC模式。例如，三桥臂变换电路的PFC将市电交流电源AC输入的交流电转换为直流电(即对市电交流电源AC输入的交流电进行整流)，直流母线电容E1对PFC转换得到的直流电进行滤波(也可以称为稳压)，得到稳定的直流电，三桥臂变换电路的INV将稳定的直流电再转换为交流电后输出给负载，以为负载供电。
需要说明的是，虽然上述PFC将交流电转换为直流电，但是该直流电中仍 含有一定的脉动交流成分，这种脉动交流成分称为纹波电压。因此，在市电供电模式下，直流母线电容E1可以对PFC转换得到的直流电进行滤波(也可以称为稳压)，以滤除直流电中的纹波电压，得到平滑、稳定的直流电压。同时，直流母线电容E1可以进行储能。
在市电供电模式下，切换开关可以控制电压转换电路为电池组充电。例如，切换开关可以在市电供电模式且电池组低压时，控制电压转换电路为电池组充电。即通过复用电压转换电路实现电池组的充电，不需要额外添加充电器。此时，在市电供电模式下，电压转换电路和三桥臂变化电路均参与工作，即三桥臂拓扑装置的所有器件均参与工作。
示例性的，切换开关可以控制电压转换电路挂接在BUS+与BUS-之间，电压转换电路工作在BUCK模式(即降压模式)，对直流母线电容E1输出的BUS电压(即直流母线电容E1对PFC转换得到的直流电进行滤波后得到的电压)进行降压处理，得到电池组的充电电压，以使用该充电电压为电池组充电。此时，电池组作为电压转换电路的输出源。
参照图1，相关技术中在采用充电器为电池组充电时，充电器需设置有：整流电路和降压电路，其中，整流电路用于对市电交流电源提供的交流电进行整流，得到直流电。降压电路用于对该直流电进行降压处理，得到电池组的充电电压。由于市电交流电源提供的交流电存在宽电压范围波动的情况，因此，充电器中设置的降压电路需要实现较宽范围调压，导致降压电路的电压转换效率较低，因此，在采用充电器为电池组充电时，充电器的充电效率较低。
而在本申请实施例中，直流母线电容E1输出的BUS电压为经过三桥臂变换电路的PFC整流得到的稳定的直流电压，因此，使用直流母线电容E1输出的BUS电压为电池组进行充电时，可以复用电压转换电路对直流母线电容E1输出的BUS电压进行降压处理，且无需再单独设置整流电路。或者说，复用了三桥臂变换电路的PFC，得到了为电池组进行充电的直流电。
另外，由于直流母线电容E1输出的BUS电压为稳定的直流电，因此，无需使用较宽范围调压的电压转换电路，即可对直流母线电容E1输出的BUS电压进行降压处理，提高了电压转换电路的转换效率，进而提高了电池组的充电效率。
在电池供电模式时，切换开关可以控制电压转换电路为电池组放电。示例性的，切换开关可以控制电压转换电路接通在PFC侧的高频电感(即第一电感 L1)和BUS-之间。此时，电压转换电路与“第一电感L1与三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂构成Boost升压电路”串联连接，在为电池组放电时实现两级升压处理。具体地，电压转换电路工作在Boost模式(即升压模式)，对电池组的输出电压进行一级升压处理，第一电感L1与三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂构成Boost升压电路，对电池组的输出电压进行二级升压处理，升压处理后的电压输入至三桥臂变换电路的直流母线电容E1，以维持母线电压平衡。
电池低压大电流的UPS系统中，电池组输出的电压较低，而负载所需的电压较高。因此，当将该三桥臂拓扑装置应用于电池低压大电流的UPS系统时，在电池低压大电流的UPS系统使用电池组为负载供电时，该三桥臂拓扑装置需要将一个较低的电压抬升至一个较高的电压，即，需要执行较大压差的升压处理。若将电压转换电路与“第一电感L1与三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂构成Boost升压电路”并联连接，以仅使用电压转换电路执行该升压操作(即使用电压转换电路进行一级升压处理)，会存在如下问题：
1、电压转换电路存在最大升压比(例如输出电压除以输入电压)限制，可能导致电压转换电路使用最大升压比所抬升的电压，仍然小于电池低压大电流的UPS系统的负载所需的电压，无法满足电池低压大电流的UPS系统的使用需求。
2、升压比越高，电压转换电路的转换效率越低，电压转换电路的电流应力风险和热损耗风险越大。因此，上述使用电压转换电路进行一级升压处理，导致电压转换电路需执行较高升压比的升压处理，导致电压转换电路的转换效率较低，电压转换电路的电流应力风险和热损耗风险较高。
考虑到上述使用电压转换电路进行一级升压处理所存在的问题，本申请通过将电压转换电路与“第一电感L1与三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂构成Boost升压电路”串联连接实现两级升压的方式，可以使第一电感L1与三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂构成的Boost升压电路分担一部分电压升压的操作，从而在获得较大升压比的同时，又可以使电压转换电路本身无需执行较大压差的升压处理。当电压转换电路的输入电压与输出电压之间的压差越小时，即升压比越小时，电压转换电路的电压转换效率越高。因此，通过上述两级升压的方式可以提高电压转换电路的转换效率，进而降低了电压转换电路的电流应力风险和热损耗风险，提高了电池低压大电流的UPS系统的可靠性。
在电池供电模式下，电池组为电压转换电路的输入源，电压转换电路的输 出为三桥臂变换电路供电。此时，三桥臂变换电路工作在DC-AC模式。例如，三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂以及第一电感L1工作在Boost模式，直流母线电容E1对升压后的直流电进行滤波，得到稳定的直流电，第三桥臂工作在逆变模式，将稳定的直流电转换为交流电后输出给负载，以为负载供电。同时，直流母线电容E1可以进行储能。此时，在电池供电模式下，电压转换电路和三桥臂变化电路均参与工作，即三桥臂拓扑装置的所有器件均参与工作。
可以理解，本申请实施例所涉及的电压转换电路可以为任一具有双向电压转换功能的电路。例如，具有软开关的电压转换电路、具有硬开关的电压转换电路等。该电压转换电路可以是具有电气隔离的电压转换电路，也可以是无电气隔离的电压转换电路。示例性的，该电压转换电路也可以称为DC-DC变换器。
图3为本申请提供的第一种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图二，如图3所示，示例性的，本申请实施例所涉及的电压转换电路例如可以包括：第四桥臂、第五桥臂、第六桥臂、第七桥臂、变压器TX11、第三电感L3、第二电容C2、第三电容E2。
所述第四桥臂包括第七开关管Q7和第八开关管Q8，所述第七开关管Q7的第一端与所述第八开关管Q8的第一端连接。此时，第七开关管Q7和第八开关管Q8的公共端称为第四桥臂的中点。
所述第五桥臂包括第九开关管Q9和第十开关管Q10，所述第九开关管Q9的第一端与所述第十开关管Q10的第一端连接。此时，第九开关管Q9和第十开关管Q10的公共端称为第五桥臂的中点。
所述第六桥臂包括第十一开关管Q11和第十二开关管Q12，所述第十一开关管Q11的第一端与所述第十二开关管Q12的第一端连接。此时，第十一开关管Q11和第十二开关管Q12的公共端称为第六桥臂的中点。
所述第七桥臂包括第十三开关管Q13和第十四开关管Q14，所述第十三开关管Q13的第一端与所述第十四开关管Q14的第一端连接。此时，第十三开关管Q13和十四开关管Q14的公共端称为第七桥臂的中点。
所述第四桥臂与所述第五桥臂并联连接。例如，所述第七开关管Q7的第二端与所述第九开关管Q9的第二端连接，所述第八开关管Q8的第二端与所述第十开关管Q10的第二端连接。
所述第六桥臂、所述第七桥臂、所述第三电容E2并联连接。例如，所述第十一开关管Q11的第二端与所述第十三开关管Q13的第二端、所述第三电容E2 的第一端连接，所述第十二开关管Q12的第二端与所述第十四开关管Q14的第二端、所述第三电容E2的第二端连接。应理解，该第三电容E2可以为直流电容，用于提供滤波功能，以使电压转换电路为电池组充电或放电时，提供稳定的直流电。
所述变压器TX11的第一端A与所述第四桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器TX11的第二端B与所述第五桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器TX11的第三端C通过所述第三电感L3和所述第二电容C2与所述第五桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器TX11的第四端D与所述第六桥臂的中点连接。
在该电压转换电路中，所述第七开关管Q7的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第一端的正极，所述第八开关管Q8的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第一端的负极，所述第十三开关管Q13的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极，所述第十四开关管Q14的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极。
当采用图3所示的电压转换电路为电池组充电时，Q11、Q12、Q13和Q14用作开关管，Q7、Q8、Q9和Q10的体外二极管(也称为寄生二极管等)用作整流器。其中，Q11、Q14同时导通，Q12和Q13同时导通。例如，可以采用定频定占空比的方式的控制方式为电池组充电。这里所说的定占空比是指使用相同的占空比进行控制，以使Q11和Q14的导通时长，与，Q12和Q13的导通时长相同。这里所说的定频是指采用固定频率进行调压控制。
当采用图3所示的电压转换电路为电池组放电时，Q7、Q8、Q9和Q10用作开关管，Q11、Q12、Q13和Q14的体外二极管(也称为寄生二极管等)用作整流器。其中，Q7和Q10同时导通，Q8和Q9同时导通。例如，可以采用变频定占空比的控制方式为电池组放电。这里所说的定占空比是指使用相同的占空比对Q7、Q8、Q9和Q10进行控制，以使Q7和Q10的导通时长，与，Q8和Q9的导通时长相同。这里所说的变频是指采用变频进行调压控制。
通过上述电压转换电路的结构，可以实现电压转换电路的软开关。软开关(Soft-Switching)是相对硬开关(Hard-Switching)而言的一种开关技术。软开关技术可以使电压转换电路中的开关管在开通前，将电压先降到零，在开关管关断前，将电流先降到零(即零电压开通、零电流关断)，以消除开关管在开关过程中电压、电流的重叠，降低它们的变化率，从而大大减小甚至消除电压转换电路的开关损耗，实现电压转换电路的高频化。
由于具有软开关的电压转换电路的调压能力较差。也就是说，在电压转换 电路实现较大压差的调压时，电压转换电路仅能实现零电压开通，无法实现零电流关断，导致电压转换电路无法实现零电压开通、零电流关断的全工况的软开关，即电压转换电路无法工作在零电压开通、零电流关断的全工况下，进而导致电压转换电路的转换效率低于全工况时的转换效率，加大了电压转换电路的电流应力风险和热损耗风险。
因此，在将上述具有软开关的电压转换电路应用于在本申请实施例提供的三桥臂拓扑装置上时，通过将电压转换电路与“第一电感L1与三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂构成Boost升压电路”串联连接的方式，可以使电压转换电路实现固定升压比(该固定升压比例如可以实现较小压差的调压)的软开关功能，第一电感L1与三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂构成的Boost升压电路实现调压功能，即，在获得较大升压比的同时，又可以使具有软开关的电压转换电路本身无需执行较大压差的升压处理。这样，具有软开关的电压转换电路可工作于零电压开通、零电流关断的全工况下，提高了具有软开关的电压转换电路的转换效率，进而降低了具有软开关的电压转换电路的电流应力风险和热损耗风险，提高了电池低压大电流的UPS系统的可靠性。
应理解，图3仅是对具有软开关的电压转换电路的一种示意，具体实现时，本申请实施例的方案也可以采用其他具有软开关的电压转换电路，对此不再赘述。
另外，虽然上述图3是以设置有电气隔离的电压转换电路(例如图3中的变压器实现了电压转换电路的电气隔离)为例的示意图，但是应理解，本申请实施例涉及的电压转换电路可以是具有电气隔离的电压转换电路，也可以是无电气隔离的电压转换电路。例如，电压转换电路具有电气隔离、三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂无电气隔离，或者，电压转换电路无电气隔离、三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂具有电气隔离，或者，电压转换电路具有电气隔离、三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂具有电气隔离，或者，电压转换电路无电气隔离、三桥臂变换电路的第一桥臂无电气隔离等。
需要说明的是，上述三桥臂拓扑装置在从市电供电模式切换至电池供电模式时，或者，在从电池供电模式切换到市电供电模式时，因模式切换存在一定的时间差(例如，从市电断开到电池组供电可能会有X秒的时间差)，因此，在该时间差内，三桥臂拓扑装置可以使用直流母线电容E1所存储的电压为负载供电，以为负载提供稳定的交流电，避免负载掉电。
本申请实施例提供的三桥臂拓扑装置，通过复用电压转换电路，即通过电压转换电路实现电池组的充电或放电，不需要额外添加充电器即可对电池组实现充电功能。另外，无论在市电供电模式还是电池供电模式，电压转换电路和三桥臂变化电路均参与工作，即三桥臂拓扑装置的所有器件均参与工作。当将该三桥臂拓扑装置应用于电池低压大电流UPS系统时，可以提高该系统的器件复用率，避免器件设计冗余，进而降低了电池低压大电流UPS系统的成本。
下面对上述切换开关的实现方式进行示例说明：
继续参照图2，在三桥臂拓扑装置中，切换开关例如可以包括：第一开关K1、第二开关K2和平衡元器件。
其中，电压转换电路的第二端的正极与第一开关K1的固定端连接，第一开关K1的第一选择端与平衡元器件的第一端连接，平衡元器件的第二端与BUS+连接，第一开关K1的第二选择端与正电压输入端AC_L连接，第二开关K2的第一端与市电交流电源AC的火线连接，第二开关K2的第二端与正电压输入端AC_L连接，电压转换电路的第二端的负极与BUS-连接。
在市电供电模式时，第一开关K1的固定端与第一开关K1的第一选择端连通，第二开关K2闭合；在电池供电模式时，第一开关K1的固定端与第一开关K1的第二选择端连通，第二开关K2断开。例如，第一开关K1可以为任一能够根据控制信号导通或关断的选择开关，例如双掷继电器或双向电子开关或晶闸管。第二开关K2可以为任一能够根据控制信号导通或关断的开关，例如，单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管等。
上述平衡元器件，用于在市电供电模式时，平衡三桥臂变换电路的BUS与电压转换电路之间的电压，从而避免第一开关K1的固定端与第一开关K1的第一选择端连通瞬间，向电压转换电路输入较大电流，从而可以对电压转换电路实现过流保护。
继续参照图2，第一种可能的实现方式，上述平衡元器件例如可以为压敏电阻RZ。
图4为本申请提供的第二种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图4所示，在第二种可能的实现方式中，上述平衡元器件例如可以为负温度系数的热敏电阻RT等。
图5为本申请提供的第三种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图5所示，在第三种可能的实现方式中，上述平衡元器件例如可以为第三电感L3。
图6为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图6所示，在第四种可能的实现方式，上述平衡元器件例如可以为电阻R1。在该实现方式下，上述切换开关还可以包括：第三开关K3。
继续参照图6，电压转换电路的第二端的正极与第三开关K3的第一端连接，第三开关K3的第二端与BUS+连接。图7为本申请提供的第五种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图7所示，在第五种可能的连接方式中，第三开关K3与电阻R1并联连接。
参照图6或图7所示的切换开关，在市电供电模式、且在母线与电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，第三开关K3闭合，以使电压转换电路为电池组充电。在电池供电模式时，第三开关K3断开。
示例性的，上述第三开关K3可以为任一能够根据控制信号导通或关断的开关，例如，单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管等。
应理解，第二开关K2和第三开关K3可以采用相同的开关，也可以采用不同的开关。例如，第二开关K2采用晶闸管，第三开关K3采用单向电子开关等。
下面以图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置的结构为例，对三桥臂拓扑装置在不同供电模式下各开关的状态、各开关管的状态，以及，电流走向进行示意说明：
市电供电模式：控制第一开关K1的固定端与第一开关K1的第一选择端连通，第二开关K2闭合，并在三桥臂拓扑装置的BUS+与三桥臂拓扑装置的电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，控制第三开关K3闭合。此时，电压转换电路工作于Buck模式。
图8为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流示意图。如图8所示，在交流电的正半周期的第一阶段，控制三桥臂变换电路的第二开关管Q2和第四开关管Q4导通、第一开关管Q1和第三开关管Q3关断。此时，三桥臂拓扑装置中的电流流向如下所示：
1、市电交流电源AC的火线→第一电感L1→第二开关管Q2→第四开关管Q4→市电交流电源AC的零线，构成电感L1的储能回路。
2、BUS+→电压转换电路的正极→电池组正极→电池组负极→电压转换电路的负极→BUS-，构成了电池组的储能回路。
图9为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流示意 图，如图9所示，在交流电的正半周期的第二阶段，控制第一开关管Q1和第四开关管Q4导通，第二开关管Q2和第三开关管Q3关断。此时，三桥臂拓扑装置中的电流流向如下所示：
1、市电交流电源AC的火线→第一电感L1→第一开关管Q1→直流母线电容E1→第四开关管Q4→市电交流电源AC的零线，构成了电感L1与市电同时为直流母线电容E1储能的储能回路。
2、BUS+→电压转换电路的正极→电池组正极→电池组负极→电压转换电路的负极→BUS-，构成了电池组的储能回路。
图10为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流示意图，如图10所示，在交流电的负半周期的第一阶段，控制第一开关管Q1和第三开关管Q3导通、第二开关管Q2和第四开关管Q4关断。此时，三桥臂拓扑装置中的电流流向如下所示：
1、市电交流电源AC的零线→第三开关管Q3→第一开关管Q1→第一电感L1→市电交流电源AC的火线，构成电感L1的储能回路。
2、BUS+→电压转换电路的正极→电池组正极→电池组负极→电压转换电路的负极→BUS-，构成了电池组的储能回路。
图11为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流示意图，如图11所示，在交流电的负半周期的第二阶段，控制第二开关管Q2和第三开关管Q3导通，第一开关管Q1和第四开关管Q4关断。此时，三桥臂拓扑装置中的电流流向如下所示：
1、市电交流电源AC的零线→第三开关管Q3→直流母线电容E1→第二开关管Q2→第一电感L1→市电交流电源AC的火线，构成了电感L1与市电同时为直流母线电容E1储能的储能回路。
2、BUS+→电压转换电路的正极→电池组正极→电池组负极→电压转换电路的负极→BUS-，构成了电池组的储能回路。
电池供电模式：控制第一开关K1的固定端与第一开关K1的第二选择端连通，第二开关K2和第三开关K3断开。此时，电压转换电路工作于Boost模式。
图12为本申请提供的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流示意图，如图12所示，在电池供电模式的第一阶段，控制第二开关管Q2导通、第一开关管Q1、第三开关管Q3和第四开关管Q4关断。此时，三桥臂拓扑装置中的电流流向如下所示：
电池组正极→电压转换电路的正极→第一电感L1→第二开关管Q2→电压转换电路的负极→电池组负极，构成了第一电感L1的储能回路。
图13为本申请提供的另一种三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流示意图，如图13所示，在电池供电模式的第二阶段，控制第一开关管Q1导通，第二开关管Q2、第三开关管Q3和第四开关管Q4关断。此时，三桥臂拓扑装置中的电流流向如下所示：
电池组正极→电压转换电路的正极→第一电感L1→第一开关管Q1→直流母线电容E1→电压转换电路的负极→电池组负极，构成了直流母线电容E1的储能回路。
应理解，虽然上述图8至图12所示的三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向均以图6所示的第四种三桥臂拓扑装置为例进行了示意说明。但是，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，该电流走向，以及，各开关和各开关管的状态同样适用于图7所示的三桥臂拓扑装置，其实现原理类似，对此不再赘述。
另外，当采用图2至图5任一结构的三桥臂拓扑装置时，该三桥臂拓扑装置在不同模式下各开关的状态、各开关管的状态，以及，电流走向如下所示：
市电供电模式：控制第一开关K1的固定端与第一开关K1的第一选择端连通，第二开关K2闭合。此时，电压转换电路工作于Buck模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图8至图11对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
电池供电模式：控制第一开关K1的固定端与第一开关K1的第二选择端连通，第二开关K2断开。此时，电压转换电路工作于Boost模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图12至图13对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
图14为本申请提供的第六种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图4所示，在三桥臂拓扑装置中，切换开关例如可以包括：第一开关K1、第二开关K2和平衡元器件。
电压转换电路的第二端的正极分别与第一开关K1的第一端，以及，第二开 关K2的第一选择端连接，第一开关K1的第二端与平衡元器件的第一端连接，平衡元器件的第二端与BUS+连接，第二开关K2的第二选择端与市电交流电源的火线连接，第二开关K2的固定端与正电压输入端AC_L连接，电压转换电路的第二端的负极与BUS-连接。
在市电供电模式时，第一开关K1闭合，第二开关K2的固定端与第二开关K2的第二选择端连通；在电池供电模式时，第一开关K1断开，第二开关K2的固定端与第二开关K2的第一选择端连通。例如，第一开关K1可以为任一能够根据控制信号导通或关断的开关，例如，单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管等。第二开关K2可以为任一能够根据控制信号导通或关断的选择开关，例如双掷继电器或双向电子开关或晶闸管。
上述平衡元器件，用于在市电供电模式时，平衡三桥臂变换电路的BUS+与电压转换电路之间的电压，从而避免第一开关K1的固定端与第一开关K1的第一选择端连通瞬间，向电压转换电路输入较大电流，从而可以对电压转关电路实现过流保护。
继续参照图14，第六种可能的实现方式，上述平衡元器件例如可以为压敏电阻RZ。
图15为本申请提供的第七种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图15所示，在第七种可能的实现方式中，上述平衡元器件例如可以为负温度系数的热敏电阻RT等。
图16为本申请提供的第八种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图16所示，在第八种可能的实现方式中，上述平衡元器件例如可以为第三电感L3。
当采用图14至图16任一结构的三桥臂拓扑装置时，该三桥臂拓扑装置在不同模式下各开关的状态、各开关管的状态，以及，电流走向如下所示：
市电供电模式：控制第一开关K1闭合，第二开关K2的固定端与第二开关K2的第二选择端连通。此时，电压转换电路工作于Buck模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图8至图11对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
电池供电模式：控制第一开关K1断开，第二开关K2的固定端与第二开关K2的第一选择端连通。此时，电压转换电路工作于Boost模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图12至图13对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
图17为本申请提供的第九种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图17所示，在第九种可能的实现方式，上述平衡元器件例如可以为电阻R1。在该实现方式下，上述切换开关还可以包括：第三开关K3。
继续参照图17，电压转换电路的第二端的正极与第三开关K3的第一端连接，第三开关K3的第二端与BUS+连接。图18为本申请提供的第十种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图18所示，在第十种可能的连接方式中，第三开关K3与电阻R1并联连接。
参照图17或图18所示的切换开关，在市电供电模式、且在母线与电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，第三开关K3闭合，以使电压转换电路为电池组充电。在电池供电模式时，第三开关K3断开。
示例性的，上述第三开关K3可以为任一能够根据控制信号导通或关断的开关，例如，单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管等。
应理解，第一开关K1和第三开关K3可以采用相同的开关，也可以采用不同的开关。例如，第一开关K1采用晶闸管，第三开关K3采用单向电子开关等。
当采用图17至图18任一结构的三桥臂拓扑装置时，该三桥臂拓扑装置在不同模式下各开关的状态、各开关管的状态，以及，电流走向如下所示：
市电供电模式：控制第一开关K1闭合，第二开关K2的固定端与第二开关K2的第二选择端连通，并在三桥臂拓扑装置的BUS与三桥臂拓扑装置的电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，控制第三开关K3闭合。此时，电压转换电路工作于Buck模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图8至图11对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
电池供电模式：控制第一开关K1和第三开关K3断开，第二开关K2的固定端与第二开关K2的第一选择端连通。此时，电压转换电路工作于Boost模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6 所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图12至图13对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
图19为本申请提供的第十一种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图19所示，在三桥臂拓扑装置中，切换开关例如可以包括：第一开关K1、第二开关K2、第三开关K3和平衡元器件。
其中，电压转换电路的第二端的正极分别与第一开关K1的第一端和第三开关K3的第一端连接，第一开关K1的第二端与正电压输入端AC_L连接，第二开关K2的第一端与市电交流电源AC的火线连接，第二开关K2的第二端与正电压输入端AC_L连接，第三开关K3的第二端与平衡元器件的第一端连接，平衡元器件的第二端与BUS+连接，电压转换电路的第二端的负极与BUS-连接。
在市电供电模式时，第一开关K1断开，第二开关K2和第三开关K3闭合；在电池供电模式时，第一开关K1闭合，第二开关K2和第三开关K3断开。
上述平衡元器件，用于在市电供电模式时，平衡三桥臂变换电路的BUS与电压转换电路之间的电压，从而避免第一开关K3的闭合瞬间，向电压转换电路输入较大电流，从而可以对电压转关电路实现过流保护。
继续参照图19，在第十一种可能的实现方式，上述平衡元器件例如可以为压敏电阻RZ。
图20为本申请提供的第十二种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图20所示，在第十二种可能的实现方式中，上述平衡元器件例如可以为负温度系数的热敏电阻RT。
图21为本申请提供的第十三种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图21所示，在第十三种可能的实现方式中，上述平衡元器件例如可以为第三电感L3。
当采用图19至图21任一结构的三桥臂拓扑装置时，该三桥臂拓扑装置在不同模式下各开关的状态、各开关管的状态，以及，电流走向如下所示：
市电供电模式：控制第一开关K1断开，第二开关K2和第三开关K3闭合。此时，电压转换电路工作于Buck模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图8至图11对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
电池供电模式：控制第一开关K1闭合，第二开关K2和第三开关K3断开。此时，电压转换电路工作于Boost模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图12至图13对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
图22为本申请提供的第十四种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图22所示，在第十四种可能的实现方式，上述平衡元器件例如可以为电阻R1。在该实现方式下，上述切换开关还可以包括：第四开关K4。
继续参照图22，电压转换电路的第二端的正极与第四开关K4的第一端连接，第四开关的第二端与BUS+连接。图23为本申请提供的第十五种三桥臂拓扑装置的示意图。如图23所示，在第十五种可能的连接方式中，第四开关K4与电阻R1并联连接。
参照图22或图23所示的切换开关，在市电供电模式、且在母线与电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，第四开关K4闭合，以使电压转换电路为电池组充电。在电池供电模式时，第四开关K4断开。
示例性的，上述第四开关K4可以为任一能够根据控制信号导通或关断的开关，例如，单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管等。
在本实施例中，第一开关K1、第二开关K2、第三开关K3和第四开关K4可以为任一能够根据控制信号导通或关断的开关，例如，单掷继电器、单向电子开关、晶闸管等。应理解，第一开关K1、第二开关K2、第三开关K3和第四开关K4可以采用相同的开关，也可以采用不同的开关。例如，第一开关K1采用晶闸管，第二开关K2、第三开关K3和第四开关K4采用单掷继电器等，本实施例对此不进行限定。
当采用图22至图23任一结构的三桥臂拓扑装置时，该三桥臂拓扑装置在不同模式下各开关的状态、各开关管的状态，以及，电流走向如下所示：
市电供电模式：控制第一开关K1断开，第二开关K2和第三开关K3闭合，并在三桥臂拓扑装置的BUS与三桥臂拓扑装置的电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，控制第四开关K4闭合。此时，电压转换电路工作于Buck模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6 所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在市电供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图8至图11对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
电池供电模式：控制第一开关K1闭合，第二开关K2、第三开关K3和第四开关K4断开。此时，电压转换电路工作于Boost模式。
在该模式下，该三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的各开关管的状态相同。该三桥臂拓扑装置的电流走向与图6所示的三桥臂拓扑装置在电池供电模式下的电流走向相同，具体可以参照图12至图13对应的描述，对此不再赘述。
应理解，上述图2、图4至图7，以及，图14至图23所示的切换开关仅是一种示例，由于切换开关的实现方式众多，此处不再一一列举应用于三桥臂拓扑装置的切换开关。具体实现时，可以根据实际需求，选择切换开关，以实现在市电供电模式时控制电压转换电路为电池组充电，在电池供电模式时控制电压转换电路为电池组放电的功能，对此不再赘述。
另外，虽然上述三桥臂拓扑电路均以应用于电池低压大电流UPS系统为例进行了示例说明，但是本领域技术人员可以理解，该三桥臂拓扑电路也可以应用于其他UPS系统(例如大功率UPS系统)，或者其他在不同情况下使用不同电源(市电或电池组)供电的系统(例如逆变系统)等，对此不再赘述。
再者，在上述图2、图4至图7，以及，图14至图23所示的三桥臂拓扑装置的示例中，电压转换电路可以为任一具有双向电压转换功能的电路。例如，图3中所示的电压转换电路等，对此不进行限定。
本申请还提供一种不间断电源系统，该系统包括：市电交流电源AC、负载，以及，前述实施例中所示的三桥臂拓扑装置(例如图2、图4至图7，以及，图14至图23任一图示的三桥臂拓扑装置)。其中，市电交流电源的火线与三桥臂拓扑装置的正电压输入端AC_L连接，市电交流电源的零线与三桥臂拓扑装置的负电压输入端AC_N连接，三桥臂拓扑装置的输出端与负载连接。
本申请提供的不间断电源系统例如可以为电池低压大电流UPS系统，或者为在线中小功率UPS系统等。
本申请提供的UPS系统，其实现原理和技术效果与前述三桥臂拓扑装置类似，在此不再赘述。
可以理解的是，在本申请中涉及的各种编号(例如第一开关管、第二开关管、 第一开关、第二开关等)仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种三桥臂拓扑装置，包括：电池组、电压转换电路、切换开关和三桥臂变换电路；
    所述三桥臂变换电路包括：第一桥臂、第二桥臂、第三桥臂、第一电感、第二电感、直流母线电容、第一电容；
    所述第一桥臂包括串联的第一开关管和第二开关管；
    所述第二桥臂包括串联的第三开关管和第四开关管；
    所述第三桥臂包括串联的第五开关管和第六开关管；
    所述第一桥臂、所述第二桥臂、所述第三桥臂和所述直流母线电容并联连接在母线正输出端和母线负输出端之间；所述第一桥臂的中点与所述第一电感的第一端连接，所述第一电感的第二端作为所述三桥臂拓扑装置的正电压输入端；所述第二桥臂的中点作为所述三桥臂拓扑装置的负电压输入端；所述第三桥臂的中点与所述第二电感的第一端连接，所述第二电感的第二端为所述三桥臂拓扑装置的输出端，分别与负载和所述第一电容的第一端连接，所述第一电容的第二端与所述负电压输入端连接；
    所述电池组的正极与所述电压转换电路的第一端的正极连接，所述电池组的负极与所述电压转换电路的第一端的负极连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极通过所述切换开关分别与所述母线正输出端和所述正电压输入端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极与所述母线负输出端连接，市电交流电源的火线通过所述切换开关与所述正电压输入端连接，所述市电交流电源的零线与所述负电压输入端连接；
    所述切换开关，用于在市电供电模式时，控制所述电压转换电路为所述电池组充电；在电池供电模式时，控制所述电压转换电路为所述电池组放电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述切换开关包括：第一开关、第二开关和平衡元器件；
    所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极与所述第一开关的固定端连接，所述第一开关的第一选择端与所述平衡元器件的第一端连接，所述平衡元器件的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接，所述第一开关的第二选择端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述第二开关的第一端与所述市电交流电源的火线连接，所述第二开关的第二端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极与所述母线负输出端连接；
    所述平衡元器件，用于平衡母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压；
    在所述市电供电模式时，所述第一开关的固定端与所述第一开关的第一选择端连通，所述第二开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第一开关的固定端与所述第一开关的第二选择端连通，所述第二开关断开。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其中，所述平衡元器件为电阻，所述切换开关还包括：第三开关；
    所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极与所述第三开关的第一端连接，所述第三开关的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接；或者，所述第三开关与所述电阻并联连接；
    在所述市电供电模式、且在所述母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，所述第三开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第三开关断开。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述切换开关包括：第一开关、第二开关和平衡元器件；
    所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极分别与所述第一开关的第一端，以及，所述第二开关的第一选择端连接，所述第一开关的第二端与所述平衡元器件的第一端连接，所述平衡元器件的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接，所述第二开关的第二选择端与所述市电交流电源的火线连接，所述第二开关的固定端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极与所述母线负输出端连接；
    所述平衡元器件，用于平衡母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压；
    在所述市电供电模式时，所述第一开关闭合，所述第二开关的固定端与所述第二开关的第二选择端连通；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第一开关断开，所述第二开关的固定端与所述第二开关的第一选择端连通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其中，所述平衡元器件为电阻，所述切换开关还包括：第三开关；
    所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极与所述第三开关的第一端连接，所述第三开关的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接；或者，所述第三开关与所述电阻并联连接；
    在所述市电供电模式、且在所述母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，所述第三开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第 三开关断开。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述切换开关包括：第一开关、第二开关、第三开关和平衡元器件；
    所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极分别与所述第一开关的第一端和所述第三开关的第一端连接，所述第一开关的第二端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述第二开关的第一端与所述市电交流电源的火线连接，所述第二开关的第二端与所述正电压输入端连接，所述第三开关的第二端与所述平衡元器件的第一端连接，所述平衡元器件的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接，所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极与所述母线负输出端连接；
    所述平衡元器件，用于平衡母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压；
    在所述市电供电模式时，所述第一开关断开，所述第二开关和所述第三开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第一开关闭合，所述第二开关和所述第三开关断开。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其中，所述平衡元器件为电阻，所述切换开关还包括：第四开关；
    所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极与所述第四开关的第一端连接，所述第四开关的第二端与所述母线正输出端连接；或者，所述第四开关与所述电阻并联连接；
    在所述市电供电模式、且在所述母线与所述电压转换电路之间的电压差值小于或等于预设阈值时，所述第四开关闭合；在所述电池供电模式时，所述第四开关断开。
  8. 根据权利要求2、4、6任一项所述的装置，其中，所述平衡元器件为下述任一项：压敏电阻、负温度系数的热敏电阻、第三电感。
  9. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的装置，其中，所述电压转换电路包括：第四桥臂、第五桥臂、第六桥臂、第七桥臂、变压器、第三电感、第二电容、第三电容；
    所述第四桥臂包括第七开关管和第八开关管，所述第七开关管的第一端与所述第八开关管的第一端连接；
    所述第五桥臂包括第九开关管和第十开关管，所述第九开关管的第一端与所述第十开关管的第一端连接；
    所述第六桥臂包括第十一开关管和第十二开关管，所述第十一开关管的第 一端与所述第十二开关管的第一端连接；
    所述第七桥臂包括第十三开关管和第十四开关管，所述第十三开关管的第一端与所述第十四开关管的第一端连接；
    所述第四桥臂与所述第五桥臂并联连接，所述第六桥臂、所述第七桥臂、所述第三电容并联连接，所述变压器的第一端与所述第四桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器的第二端与所述第五桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器的第三端通过所述第三电感和所述第二电容与所述第五桥臂的中点连接，所述变压器的第四端与所述第六桥臂的中点连接；
    所述第七开关管的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第一端的正极，所述第八开关管的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第一端的负极，所述第十三开关管的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第二端的正极，所述第十四开关管的第二端为所述电压转换电路的第二端的负极。
  10. 一种不间断电源系统，包括：市电交流电源、负载，以及，如权利要求1至9任一项所述的三桥臂拓扑装置；
    其中，所述市电交流电源的火线与所述三桥臂拓扑装置的正电压输入端连接，所述市电交流电源的零线与所述三桥臂拓扑装置的负电压输入端连接，所述三桥臂拓扑装置的输出端与所述负载连接。
PCT/CN2020/133759 2020-05-22 2020-12-04 三桥臂拓扑装置及不间断电源系统 WO2021232749A1 (zh)

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