WO2021228621A1 - Ensemble de projection pour système d'affichage tête haute - Google Patents

Ensemble de projection pour système d'affichage tête haute Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021228621A1
WO2021228621A1 PCT/EP2021/061690 EP2021061690W WO2021228621A1 WO 2021228621 A1 WO2021228621 A1 WO 2021228621A1 EP 2021061690 W EP2021061690 W EP 2021061690W WO 2021228621 A1 WO2021228621 A1 WO 2021228621A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
windshield
radiation
reflective coating
retardation layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/061690
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Hagen
Klaus Fischer
Original Assignee
Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Saint-Gobain Glass France filed Critical Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority to CN202180001988.1A priority Critical patent/CN113966483A/zh
Publication of WO2021228621A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021228621A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/1011—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having predetermined tint or excitation purity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
    • B32B17/1022—Metallic coatings
    • B32B17/10229—Metallic layers sandwiched by dielectric layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1044—Invariable transmission
    • B32B17/10458—Polarization selective transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10614—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising particles for purposes other than dyeing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2073—Polarisers in the lamp house
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B32B2264/102—Oxide or hydroxide
    • B32B2264/1026—Mica
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0118—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility
    • G02B2027/012—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices for improving the contrast of the display / brillance control visibility comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
    • G02B2027/0121—Parasitic image effect attenuation by suitable positioning of the parasitic images
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0194—Supplementary details with combiner of laminated type, for optical or mechanical aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0196—Supplementary details having transparent supporting structure for display mounting, e.g. to a window or a windshield
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/28—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising
    • G02B27/283—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for polarising used for beam splitting or combining
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projection arrangement for a head-up display.
  • a head-up display is a display system that projects additional information in the form of images for the driver of a vehicle in his field of vision.
  • the head-up display consists of a projector (imaging unit) and several optical modules for deflecting or mirroring (reflection) an image onto a projection surface or reflective surface.
  • a composite pane, in particular the windshield of the vehicle, usually serves as a projection surface. Although the image is projected onto the windshield, the human eye of the driver can perceive it to hover over the hood of the vehicle.
  • driver-up displays can make a significant contribution to increasing road safety.
  • the image generated by the projector usually consists of polarized, in particular S-polarized, light radiation.
  • the S-polarized light strikes the composite pane at a specific angle of incidence and is at least partially both refracted into the composite pane and reflected as S-polarized light into the driver's field of vision.
  • the reflected images are not displayed in true color or with undesired reflection, so-called double images.
  • the angle of incidence of the S-polarized radiation is usually around 65%, which roughly corresponds to the Brewster angle for an air-glass transition (57.2 ° for soda-lime glass).
  • the problem arises that the projector image is reflected at the two outer transitions from air to glass and from glass to air. As a result, a slightly offset secondary image appears in addition to the desired main image, the so-called ghost image.
  • the problem is alleviated by arranging the surfaces of the windshield at an angle to one another. This is done through the use of a wedge-shaped intermediate layer in the lamination of the windshield, which is designed as a composite pane. This can cause the main image and the ghost image to overlap be achieved.
  • Laminated glasses with wedge foils for HUDs are known, for example, from WO 2009/071135 A1, EP 1800855 B1 or EP 1880243 A2.
  • Wedge foils are expensive, so that the production of such a composite pane for a HUD is quite costly.
  • the windshield has a reflective coating as a reflective surface for the P-polarized radiation.
  • the reflective coating is intended to reflect S-polarized radiation and P-polarized radiation, whereby it reflects significantly more S-polarized radiation than P-polarized radiation.
  • DE 10 2014 220189 A1 discloses a HUD projection arrangement with P-polarized radiation and a metallic layer as a reflective structure.
  • WO 2019/046157 A1 and US 2017/242247 A1 also disclose a HUD system with P-polarized radiation.
  • a reflective coating with at least two metallic layers is used here.
  • US Pat. No. 6,744,478 B1 discloses a HUD system in which a liquid crystal display generates light beams which are directed onto a windshield.
  • the windshield has an optical rotation layer on a first surface of a transparent plate.
  • the rotation layer comprises a liquid crystal polymer.
  • a reflective layer is arranged on an inside of an inner pane of the windshield.
  • US 2009/195875 A1 discloses a HUD system with a windshield, a birefringent layer being arranged in or on the windshield.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a HUD projection arrangement with a reflective coating which has good reflectivity for P-polarized radiation in the visible spectral range and which improves the projection of the images.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved according to the invention by a projection arrangement according to claim 1. Preferred designs emerge from the subclaims.
  • the projection arrangement according to the invention for a head-up display comprises a windshield with a HUD area and a projector.
  • the windshield has an outer pane and an inner pane, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer.
  • the projector which is aimed at the HUD area of the windshield, emits predominantly P-polarized radiation.
  • the windshield has a reflective coating for reflecting the radiation emitted by the projector.
  • the windshield comprises a first retardation layer for converting the polarization of the radiation transmitted through the retardation layer, the first retardation layer being arranged within the HUD area and the reflective coating being arranged between the first retardation layer and the outer pane or the inner pane.
  • the first delay layer is preferably provided for converting P-polarized to S-polarized light beams of the transmitted light radiation.
  • the retardation layer retards light that is polarized parallel to a component-specific axis by half a wavelength compared to light polarized perpendicularly thereto. This achieves particularly good results.
  • the first retardation layer has at least one optically anisotropic material or also optically birefringent materials, in particular quartz or mica.
  • Other materials that are suitable in principle are, for example, calcite (CaC03), lithium niobate (LiNb03), ruby (Al203), rutile (Ti02), zirconium (ZrSi04).
  • the first delay layer is preferably arranged between the inner pane and the outer pane.
  • the windshield has a second retardation layer for converting the polarization of the light transmitted through the retardation layer within the HUD area.
  • the reflective coating is preferably arranged between the first retardation layer and the outer pane or the inner pane, the reflective coating reflecting significantly more S-polarized radiation than P-polarized radiation.
  • the reflection coating is arranged between the first retardation layer and the second retardation layer.
  • the reflective coating is a thin film stack.
  • the thin-layer stack consists of a layer sequence of thin individual layers.
  • This thin-film stack contains at least one electrically conductive layer based on silver.
  • the electrically conductive layer based on silver gives the reflective coating the basic reflective properties and also an IR-reflective effect and electrical conductivity.
  • the electrically conductive layer based on silver can also be referred to simply as a silver layer.
  • the electrically conductive layer is based on silver.
  • the electrically conductive layer preferably contains at least 90% by weight of silver, particularly preferably at least 99% by weight of silver, very particularly preferably at least 99.9% by weight of silver.
  • the silver layer can have doping, for example palladium, gold, copper or aluminum.
  • the geometric layer thickness of the silver layer is preferably at most 15 nm, particularly preferably at most 14 nm, very particularly preferably at most 13 nm. This allows advantageous reflectivity in the IR range without reducing the transmission in the visible range too much.
  • the geometric layer thickness of the silver layer is preferably at least 5 nm, particularly preferably at least 8 nm.
  • the geometric layer thickness of the silver layer is particularly preferably from 10 nm to 14 nm or from 11 nm to 13 nm.
  • the reflective coating does not include any dielectric layers whose refractive index is less than 1.9. All dielectric layers of the reflective coating therefore have a refractive index of at least 1.9. It is a particular advantage of the present invention that the desired reflection properties can be achieved with relatively high-index dielectric layers alone. Since, for low-index layers with a refractive index of less than 1.9, silicon oxide layers in particular come into question, which have low deposition rates in the magnetic field-assisted cathode deposition, the reflective coating according to the invention can thus be produced quickly and inexpensively.
  • the reflective coating contains above and below the silver layer, independently of one another, a dielectric layer or a dielectric layer sequence with a refractive index of at least 1.9.
  • the dielectric layers can for example be based on silicon nitride, zinc oxide, tin-zinc oxide, silicon-metal mixed nitrides such as silicon-zirconium nitride, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, tungsten oxide or silicon carbide.
  • the oxides and nitrides mentioned can be deposited stoichiometrically, substoichiometrically or overstoichiometrically. They can have doping, for example aluminum, zirconium, titanium or boron.
  • the optical thickness of the upper dielectric layer or layer sequence is preferably from 100 nm to 200 nm, particularly preferably from 130 nm to 170 nm.
  • the optical thickness of the lower dielectric layer or layer sequence is preferably from 50 nm to 100 nm, particularly preferably from 60 nm up to 90 nm. This gives good results.
  • the HUD area of the windshield is provided with the reflective coating.
  • other areas can also be provided with the reflective coating.
  • the windshield can be provided with the reflective coating essentially over its entire surface, which can be preferred for manufacturing reasons.
  • the pane surface is provided with the reflective coating according to the invention.
  • the reflective coating is applied over the entire surface of the pane with the exception of a circumferential edge area and, optionally, local area, which are used as communication, Sensor or camera windows are intended to ensure the transmission of electromagnetic radiation through the windshield and are therefore not provided with the reflective coating.
  • the circumferential uncoated edge area has a width of up to 20 cm, for example. It prevents direct contact between the reflective coating and the surrounding atmosphere, so that the reflective coating inside the windshield is protected from corrosion and damage.
  • the projector is arranged on the inside of the windshield and irradiates the windshield via the inside surface of the inner pane. It is aimed at the HUD area and irradiates it to generate the HUD projection.
  • the radiation from the projector is predominantly P-polarized, that is to say has a P-polarized radiation component of greater than 50%.
  • the higher the proportion of P-polarized radiation in the total radiation of the projector the greater the intensity of the desired projection image and the lower the intensity of undesired reflections on the surfaces of the windshield.
  • the P-polarized radiation component of the projector is preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 80% and in particular at least 90%.
  • the radiation from the projector is essentially purely P-polarized - the P-polarized radiation component is therefore 100% or deviates only insignificantly from it.
  • the indication of the direction of polarization relates to the plane of incidence of the radiation on the windshield.
  • P-polarized radiation is a radiation whose electric field oscillates in the plane of incidence.
  • S-polarized radiation denotes radiation whose electric field oscillates perpendicular to the plane of incidence.
  • the plane of incidence is spanned by the incidence vector and the surface normal of the windshield in the geometric center of the irradiated area.
  • the radiation from the projector strikes the windshield preferably at an angle of incidence of 45 ° to 75 °, in particular 60 ° to 70 °.
  • the angle of incidence deviates from the Brewster angle by at most 10 °.
  • the P-polarized radiation is then only insignificantly on the surface of the interior pane reflecting off the windshield so that no ghosting is created.
  • the angle of incidence is the angle between the vector of incidence of the projector radiation and the interior-side surface normal (i.e. the surface normal on the interior-side external surface of the windshield) in the geometric center of the HUD area.
  • the Brewster angle for an air-to-glass transition in the case of soda-lime glass, which is generally used for window panes, is 57.2 °.
  • angles of incidence should come as close as possible to this Brewster angle.
  • angles of incidence of 65 ° can also be used, for example, which are common for HUD projection arrangements, can be easily implemented in vehicles and only deviate to a small extent from the Brewster angle, so that the reflection of the P-polarized radiation only increases insignificantly.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer is preferably not designed in the manner of a wedge, but rather has an essentially constant thickness, in particular also in the vertical course between the upper edge and the lower edge of the windshield, just like the inner pane and the outer pane.
  • a wedge-like intermediate layer would have a variable, in particular increasing thickness in the vertical course between the lower edge and the upper edge of the windshield.
  • the intermediate layer is typically formed from at least one thermoplastic film. Since standard foils are significantly cheaper than wedge foils, the production of the windshield is made cheaper.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are preferably made of glass, in particular soda-lime glass, which is common for window panes.
  • the panes can also be made of other types of glass (for example borosilicate glass, quartz glass, aluminosilicate glass) or transparent plastics (for example polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate).
  • the thickness of the outer pane and the inner pane can vary widely. Discs with a thickness in the range from 0.8 mm to 5 mm, preferably from 1.4 mm to 2.5 mm, for example those with the standard thicknesses of 1.6 mm or 2.1 mm, are preferably used.
  • the outer pane, the inner pane and the thermoplastic intermediate layer can be clear and colorless, but also tinted or colored.
  • the total transmission through the windshield (including the reflective coating) is greater than 70% in a preferred embodiment.
  • the term overall transmission refers to the procedure for testing the light transmission of motor vehicle windows specified by ECE-R 43, Appendix 3, Section 9.1.
  • the outer pane and the inner panes can not be preloaded, partially preloaded or preloaded independently of one another. If at least one of the disks is to have a pre-tension, this can be a thermal or chemical pre-tension.
  • the outer pane is tinted or colored.
  • the reflectivity of the windshield on the outside can be reduced, as a result of which the impression of the window is made more pleasant for an outside observer.
  • the outer pane should preferably have a light transmission of at least 80%, particularly preferably of at least 85%.
  • the inner pane and the intermediate layer are preferably clear, that is, not tinted or colored. For example, green or blue colored glass can be used as the outer pane.
  • the windshield is preferably curved in one or more directions of the space, as is customary for motor vehicle windows, typical radii of curvature being in the range from approximately 10 cm to approximately 40 m.
  • the windshield can also be flat, for example if it is intended as a window for buses, trains or tractors.
  • the thermoplastic intermediate layer contains at least one thermoplastic polymer, preferably ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, particularly preferably PVB.
  • the intermediate layer is typically formed from a thermoplastic film.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm.
  • the windshield can be manufactured by methods known per se.
  • the outer pane and the inner pane are laminated to one another via the intermediate layer, for example using an autoclave process, vacuum bag process, vacuum ring process, Calender processes, vacuum laminators, or combinations thereof.
  • the connection of the outer pane and the inner pane usually takes place under the action of heat, vacuum and / or pressure.
  • the reflective coating is preferably applied to a pane surface by physical vapor deposition (PVD), particularly preferably by cathode sputtering (“sputtering”), very particularly preferably by magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering (“magnetron sputtering”).
  • PVD physical vapor deposition
  • sputtering cathode sputtering
  • magnetic field-assisted cathode sputtering magneton sputtering
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a composite pane of a generic projection arrangement
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through a generic projection arrangement
  • FIG. 3 A is a schematic diagram of S-polarized light rays through a windshield of the projection arrangement
  • Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of P-polarized light rays through a windshield of the projection arrangement
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a windshield of a projection arrangement according to the invention.
  • Figures with numerical values are generally not to be understood as exact values, but also include a tolerance of +/- 1% up to +/- 10%.
  • Figure 1 and Figure 2 each show a detail of a generic projection arrangement for a HUD.
  • the projection arrangement comprises a windshield 10, in particular the windshield of a passenger car.
  • the projection arrangement has a projector 4 which is directed onto a region of the windshield 10. This area is commonly referred to as HUD area B.
  • images generated by the projector 4 can be projected, which are perceived by a viewer 5 (eg vehicle driver) as virtual images on the side of the windshield 10 facing away from him when his eyes are located within the so-called eyebox E.
  • a viewer 5 eg vehicle driver
  • the windshield 10 is constructed from an outer pane 1 and an inner pane 2, which are connected to one another via a thermoplastic intermediate layer 3. Its lower edge U is arranged downwards in the direction of the motor of the passenger car, its upper edge O is arranged upwards in the direction of the roof. In the installed position, the outer pane 1 faces the external environment, and the inner pane 2 faces the vehicle interior.
  • FIG. 3A shows a schematic diagram of the light rays of S-polarized light when the light rays are partially reflected on a reflective coating 20 of the windshield 10.
  • the outer pane 1 of the windshield 10 has an outer surface I which, in the installed position, faces the external environment, and an inner surface II which, in the installed position, faces the interior.
  • the inner pane 2 has an outside surface III, which in the installed position faces the external environment, and an inside surface IV which in the installed position faces the interior.
  • the outer pane 1 and the inner pane 2 consist, for example, of soda-lime glass.
  • the outer pane has, for example, a thickness of 2.1 mm, the inner pane 2 a thickness of 1.6 mm or 2.1 mm.
  • the intermediate layer 3 is formed, for example, from a PVB film with a thickness of 0.76 mm.
  • the PVB film has an essentially constant thickness, apart from any surface roughness that is customary in the field - it is not designed as a so-called wedge film.
  • the outside surface III of the inner pane 2 is provided with a reflective coating 20, which is provided as a reflective surface for the projector radiation (and possibly also as an IR-reflective coating). If such a windshield 10 is irradiated with S-polarized light radiation and the light radiation strikes the windshield 10 at an angle of incidence ⁇ of approximately 65 ° (which is close to the so-called Brewster angle), the radiation is mainly at the surfaces IV, III and I reflected.
  • FIG. 3B shows a schematic diagram of the light rays of P-polarized light when the light rays are partially reflected on a reflective coating 20 of the windshield 10.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a windshield 10 designed according to the invention.
  • the windshield 10 according to the invention has a reflective coating 20 and a first retardation layer 6.1 for converting the polarization of the radiation transmitted through the retardation layer.
  • the reflection coating 20 is arranged between the first retardation layer 6.1 and a second retardation layer 6.2.
  • the two delay layers 6.1 and 6.2 with the reflective coating 20 are applied to a PVB film 3.1.
  • the intermediate layer 3 is here a stack, comprising the reflective coating 20, two delay layers 6.1 and 6.2 and the PVB films 3.1.
  • the reflective coating 20 is arranged centrally between the retardation layers 6.1 and 6.2.
  • the first delay layer 6.1 is located above the reflective coating 20.
  • the second delay layer 6.2 and the PVB film 3.1 are located below the reflective coating 20.
  • the intermediate layer 3 connects the inner pane 2 and the outer pane 1.
  • the reflective coating 20 is provided as a reflective surface for the P-polarized radiation emitted by the projector 4.
  • the first delay layer 6.1 and the second delay layer 6.2 each contain quartz. They each have a thickness of approx. 28 ⁇ m.
  • the first delay layer 6.1 and the second delay layer 6.2 each cover the entire surface of the HUD area. Both delay layers 6.1 and 6.2 are transparent.
  • the projector 4 emits P-polarized radiation. Since the projector 4 irradiates the windshield 10 with an angle of incidence of 65 °, the radiation is only insignificantly reflected on the surface IV of the windshield 10.
  • the reflective coating 20, on the other hand, is optimized for the reflection of P-polarized radiation. Before the radiation hits the reflective coating 20, the P-polarized radiation penetrates the first delay layer 6.1. The polarization of the radiation is converted in the process. The P polarization of the radiation is rotated into S polarization. The S-polarized radiation is partly reflected on the reflective coating 20 and partly transmitted.
  • the reflected, S-polarized radiation in turn penetrates the first delay layer 6.1 and changes its polarization again, so that the reflected radiation emerges from the windshield 10 as P-polarized radiation.
  • the transmitted, S-polarized radiation also penetrates the second retardation layer 6.2.
  • the transmitted, S-polarized radiation changes its polarization again, so that the transmitted radiation emerges as P-polarized radiation at the surface I of the outer pane 1.
  • the HUD projection becomes more visible through the pure reflection of the S-polarized radiation. This result was unexpected and surprising for the person skilled in the art.
  • the reflective coating 20 is a stack of thin films.
  • the reflective coating 20 comprises an electrically conductive layer based on silver. Directly above the electric conductive layer, a metallic blocker layer is arranged. Above this is an upper dielectric layer sequence which, from bottom to top, consists of an upper matching layer, an upper refractive index-increasing layer and an upper anti-reflective layer.
  • a lower dielectric layer sequence is arranged below the electrically conductive layer and consists, from top to bottom, of a lower matching layer, a lower refractive index-increasing layer and a lower anti-reflective layer.
  • the layer sequences of the reflective coating 20 according to Examples 1 to 5 are shown in Table 1, together with the materials and geometric layer thicknesses of the individual layers.
  • the dielectric layers can be doped independently of one another, for example with boron or aluminum.
  • the intermediate layer 3 has a PVB film 3.1.
  • the intermediate layer 3 can have further films made of thermoplastic polymer, preferably EVA, PU or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof.
  • the PVB film has an essentially constant thickness of approx. 0.38 mm.
  • the delay layers 6.1 and 6.2 contain quartz, for example. They have a thickness of approx. 28 pm (micrometers).
  • the retardation layers 6.1 and 6.2 completely cover the HUD area.
  • the retardation layers 6.1 and 6.2 can contain rutile. Their thicknesses would be approx. 870 nm (nanometers).
  • the delay layers 6.1 and 6.2 are transparent.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Instrument Panels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble de projection pour un affichage tête haute (HUD), comprenant au moins : un pare-brise (10) ayant une région HUD, le pare-brise (10) présentant une vitre externe (1) et une vitre interne (2) qui sont reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une couche intermédiaire thermoplastique (3); un projecteur (4) qui est dirigé vers la région HUD, le rayonnement du projecteur (4) étant majoritairement polarisée P; le pare-brise (10) comprend également un revêtement réfléchissant (20) pour réfléchir le rayonnement émis par le projecteur (4), le pare-brise présentant une première couche de retard (6.1) pour convertir la polarisation du rayonnement transmis à travers la couche de retard (6.1), la première couche de retard (6.1) étant disposée à l'intérieur de la région HUD et le revêtement réfléchissant (2) étant disposé entre la première couche de retard (6.1) et la vitre externe (1) ou la vitre interne (2).
PCT/EP2021/061690 2020-05-15 2021-05-04 Ensemble de projection pour système d'affichage tête haute WO2021228621A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN202180001988.1A CN113966483A (zh) 2020-05-15 2021-05-04 用于平视显示器系统的投影装置

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EP20174920 2020-05-15
EP20174920.7 2020-05-15

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0836108A2 (fr) * 1996-10-11 1998-04-15 Central Glass Company, Limited Système d'affichage d'information au conducteur d'un véhicule
US6744478B1 (en) 1998-12-28 2004-06-01 Central Glass Company, Limited Heads-up display system with optical rotation layers
EP1880243A2 (fr) 2005-05-11 2008-01-23 E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Intercouches polymeres presentant un profil cuneiforme
WO2009071135A1 (fr) 2007-12-07 2009-06-11 Saint-Gobain Glass France Pare-brise incurvé de véhicule fait à partir d'un verre feuilleté
US20090195875A1 (en) 2008-02-06 2009-08-06 Microvision, Inc. Avoiding Interference Artifacts in a Head-Up Display or a Reflected See-Through Type Display
EP1800855B1 (fr) 2005-12-26 2013-02-20 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Verre stratifié pour véhicules
DE102014220189A1 (de) 2014-10-06 2016-04-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Head-Up-Display und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines virtuellen Bilds mittels eines Head-Up-Displays
US20170242247A1 (en) 2014-10-14 2017-08-24 Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co., Ltd. Head-up display system
CN108333657A (zh) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-27 怡利电子工业股份有限公司 防迭影的反射装置及其显示系统
WO2019046157A1 (fr) 2017-08-31 2019-03-07 Vitro Flat Glass Llc Affichage tête haute et revêtement associé

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0836108A2 (fr) * 1996-10-11 1998-04-15 Central Glass Company, Limited Système d'affichage d'information au conducteur d'un véhicule
US6744478B1 (en) 1998-12-28 2004-06-01 Central Glass Company, Limited Heads-up display system with optical rotation layers
EP1880243A2 (fr) 2005-05-11 2008-01-23 E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Intercouches polymeres presentant un profil cuneiforme
EP1800855B1 (fr) 2005-12-26 2013-02-20 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Verre stratifié pour véhicules
WO2009071135A1 (fr) 2007-12-07 2009-06-11 Saint-Gobain Glass France Pare-brise incurvé de véhicule fait à partir d'un verre feuilleté
US20090195875A1 (en) 2008-02-06 2009-08-06 Microvision, Inc. Avoiding Interference Artifacts in a Head-Up Display or a Reflected See-Through Type Display
US7791807B2 (en) * 2008-02-06 2010-09-07 Microvision, Inc. Avoiding interference artifacts in a head-up display or a reflected see-through type display
DE102014220189A1 (de) 2014-10-06 2016-04-07 Continental Automotive Gmbh Head-Up-Display und Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines virtuellen Bilds mittels eines Head-Up-Displays
US20170242247A1 (en) 2014-10-14 2017-08-24 Fuyao Glass Industry Group Co., Ltd. Head-up display system
CN108333657A (zh) * 2017-01-20 2018-07-27 怡利电子工业股份有限公司 防迭影的反射装置及其显示系统
WO2019046157A1 (fr) 2017-08-31 2019-03-07 Vitro Flat Glass Llc Affichage tête haute et revêtement associé

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CN113966483A (zh) 2022-01-21

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