WO2021227223A1 - 一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及边坡作业方法 - Google Patents

一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及边坡作业方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227223A1
WO2021227223A1 PCT/CN2020/100722 CN2020100722W WO2021227223A1 WO 2021227223 A1 WO2021227223 A1 WO 2021227223A1 CN 2020100722 W CN2020100722 W CN 2020100722W WO 2021227223 A1 WO2021227223 A1 WO 2021227223A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side slope
cleaning machine
cleaning
vehicle
conveyor belt
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/100722
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘飞香
张宝明
高华中
童普江
姜雷
豆玉龙
李焱明
杨凤坤
马源
杨延松
王玉柱
倪忠伟
苏杨牧语
Original Assignee
中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司 filed Critical 中国铁建高新装备股份有限公司
Priority to BR112021004644A priority Critical patent/BR112021004644A2/pt
Publication of WO2021227223A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227223A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/06—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/008—Drainage of track
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/06—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/10—Renewing or cleaning the ballast in situ, with or without concurrent work on the track without taking-up track

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of railway maintenance machinery design and manufacturing, and specifically relates to a screen cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operations and a side slope operation method.
  • the Chinese utility model patent with the announcement number CN2878459Y provides a slope cleaning machine with a vertical chain digging mechanism, which includes a frame with a bogie, a rotary ballasting mechanism at one end of the frame, The operating cab and the soil conveyor whose discharge end is connected with the rotary ballasting mechanism, and the operating cab and power room set at the other end of the frame.
  • the frame is located above the feed end of the soil conveyor with a screen.
  • a ballast lifting conveyor is located above the feed end of the sieving machine
  • a vertical chain excavator is located above the feed end of the ballast lifting conveyor
  • a backfilling and ballasting machine is located below the discharge end of the sieving machine.
  • the slope cleaning machine provided by this scheme does not require cumbersome auxiliary operations such as connecting the bottom beam, harrowing chain, and pre-digging a pit like the traditional cleaning machine, and directly uses the cutting method to excavate, which not only shortens the working time, but also Improve work efficiency, flexible and convenient operation, do not invade the boundaries of adjacent lines during work, and do not affect the safety of adjacent lines.
  • this scheme does not have the functions of slope shaping, compaction, sweeping, auxiliary obstacle avoidance and the crushing of the ballast at the end of the slope pillow.
  • the functions of the side slope cleaning machine are mainly the excavation of the side slope rock ballast, the screening of the rock ballast, the backfilling of the clean ballast, and the waste soil throwing.
  • Such a cleaning machine has a single function and cannot reshape the backfilled side slope ballast. , Tamping and cleaning operations, in order to restore the cross-sectional shape of the side slope ballast and the ballast density to the standard shape.
  • the current side slope cleaning machine does not have a device to improve the compacted ballast bed.
  • the current side slope cleaning machine does not have an auxiliary obstacle avoidance system.
  • the ballast belt of the side slope cleaning machine needs to be swung to one side. At this time, if the operation is not geared, rotate Throwing the tape will hit the telephone pole on the line, causing a safety accident and damaging the equipment.
  • the present invention provides a screen cleaning machine and a side slope operation method suitable for side slope cleaning operations: a pillow-end plough is added to the traditional side slope cleaning machine.
  • a pillow-end plough is added to the traditional side slope cleaning machine.
  • the whole vehicle is equipped with side plows, compaction devices, and sweeping devices to reshape, compact and clean the side slope ballast after backfilling; the whole vehicle has compact structure, reliable work, and complete functions. It can meet the requirements of the standard track bed after independent operation. Very high engineering application value.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
  • the present invention first provides a cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operations, including a cleaning locomotive body.
  • the cleaning locomotive body includes an operating vehicle and a power vehicle, and the power vehicle is connected to the operating vehicle;
  • the work vehicle includes a front driver’s cab and a work vehicle frame, as well as excavation devices, conveyor belt systems, vibrating screening devices, ballast buckets, pillow-end ploughs, rotary throwing belts, and driving bogies;
  • the power vehicle includes a rear driver’s cab, Power car frame, middle roof, power room, side plough, compaction device, cleaning device.
  • the vehicle body of the screen cleaning locomotive is also arranged with a power transmission system, an electric control system, a hydraulic control system, a braking system, a pneumatic system, and a running system on the whole vehicle.
  • the power vehicle is overlapped with the work vehicle through a pin shaft.
  • the work vehicle is supported by two two-axle bogies, one front and one rear, the rear end of the power vehicle is supported by a two-axle bogie, and the front end is overlapped with the work vehicle through a pin.
  • the conveyor belt system includes a soil conveyor belt, a concrete ballast conveyor belt, and a backfill conveyor belt.
  • the vibrating screening device includes a vibrating screen.
  • the working vehicle is provided with a front driver's cab, a rotary throwing belt, a driving bogie, a dirt conveyor belt, an excavating device, a concrete ballast conveyor belt, a pillow-end plough, and backfilling according to the working direction.
  • the front driver's cab and the rear driver's cab are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the vehicle.
  • the body of the cleaning machine is provided with two sets of excavating devices, and the left and right sets of excavating devices are arranged on both sides of the frame of the rear work vehicle of the front cab, and are connected with the mixing device through a cardan shaft. Ballast conveyor belt link.
  • the pillow-end plough has a telescopic sleeve structure.
  • the pillow-end plow is arranged in the middle of the work vehicle frame, at the rear side of the excavating device and the front side of the backfill conveyor belt.
  • the pillow-end plow can be integrated on the excavating device.
  • the integrated pillow-end plow includes a first oil cylinder, a second oil cylinder, a moving pair, a plough hook, and a rotating pair.
  • the movement of the first oil cylinder controls the working depth of the plough hook
  • the second oil cylinder The movement controls the distance between the working point of the plough hook and the center of the line
  • the rotating pair controls the working angle of the plough hook.
  • the vibrating screen is arranged on the upper side of the rear part of the work vehicle frame.
  • the dirt conveyor belt extends from the bottom of the vibrating screen to the direction of the entire vehicle operation until it is located above the front cab The rotation throws the belt stop.
  • the rotary throwing belt is placed above the front cab.
  • the rotary throwing belt is supported by a slewing, the support frame passing through the front cab is welded to the frame of the work vehicle, and the rotating throwing belt is horizontally arranged above the front cab.
  • a number of sensors and an electrical control system are combined to form an auxiliary obstacle avoidance system.
  • the backfill conveyor belt is arranged on the body of the cleaning machine: the backfill conveyor belt is arranged below both sides of the work vehicle frame along the working direction from the ballast bucket.
  • the power room and the rear cab are arranged on the upper part of the power vehicle frame; the lower part of the power vehicle frame, the front part is provided with a side plough, the side plough is provided with a compaction device, and the rear part is provided with a cleaning device. Device.
  • the body of the cleaning machine is further provided with a sliding plate, an upper universal joint fork, and a lower universal joint fork.
  • the lower universal joint yoke forms a rotating pair through the shaft and the sleeve of the mixed ballast conveyor belt; Form a mobile pair.
  • the other end of the ballast conveyor belt is supported on the frame of the work vehicle through a rotating shaft, and its end is arranged above the vibrating screen.
  • the body of the cleaning locomotive is further provided with an engine room.
  • the side plow is arranged on the frame of the power vehicle under the engine room, and the tamping device is close to the side plow.
  • the cleaning device is arranged at the rearmost part of the vehicle, which includes two roller brushes and a slap brush, and is provided with a third oil cylinder, a fourth oil cylinder and a guide device of the power unit.
  • the rolling of the brush is driven by a motor, and the angle of the rotating shaft of the brush is adjustable.
  • the present invention also provides a side slope operation method, which adopts the cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operation as described in any one of the above items, and the side slope operation method includes:
  • Pneumatic braking system provides pneumatic working power and braking power for the working devices; travels to the working section through the fast travel system, releases the safety device, starts the work travel system, starts all the working devices in sequence, and prepares to start work;
  • the left and right excavating devices set the excavation width, excavation depth, excavation speed, and excavation angle according to the needs of the operation, and start the excavation motor to start excavation;
  • the stone ballast enters the mixed ballast conveyor belt along the guide groove of the excavation device, and the mixed ballast conveyor belt rotates at high speed to send the mixed ballast to the vibrating screen for screening operation;
  • the useful stone ballast after screening passes through the left and right separating ballasts of the ballast bucket The function enters the backfill conveyor belt and is finally backfilled to the slope;
  • the sifted soil enters the rotary throwing belt through the soil conveyor belt, and finally throws to the sides of the road or enters the material truck for continuous operation;
  • the side plow on the power car can operate at the same time to reshape the ballast backfilled to the slope to make it conform to the specification;
  • the tamping device can be operated at the same time to increase the compactness of the side slope ballast and strengthen the stability of the side slope stone ballast; the cleaning device located at the last position cleans the stones on the sleepers and fasteners after operation;
  • the technical solution of the railway slope cleaning machine provided by the present invention includes any combination of the above-mentioned parts, and simple changes or combinations of the above-mentioned parts and components are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the screen cleaning machine provided by the present invention which is suitable for side slope cleaning operations, has the characteristics of high working efficiency, complete functions, flexible and convenient operation, and reliable performance;
  • the slope operation method can realize the cleaning, backfilling, shaping, compaction and cleaning of the line slope.
  • the drainage performance of the track bed can be improved through the operation of the pillow-end plough, and the auxiliary obstacle avoidance system can realize the automatic obstacle avoidance function of the equipment.
  • the rotating throwing belt is horizontally arranged above the operating cab.
  • the rotating throwing belt passes through the slewing support and passes through the support frame of the front driver's cab.
  • Compact; sensors and mechanical devices are installed around the rotating belt to sense the line poles on both sides of the railway, and the signal is triggered when the rotating belt is approached to the line pole.
  • the control unit controls the braking of the whole vehicle or controls the rotation of the belt to avoid Open the wire rod.
  • the conveyor belt system has a reasonable layout, compact structure, and efficient operation; among them, the mixed ballast conveyor belt and the excavating device are connected by a follow-up structure.
  • the mixed ballast conveyor belt can pass through this The device moves along to ensure that the stone ballast excavated by the excavating device can fall on the concrete ballast conveyor belt.
  • the pillow-end plough After the pillow-end plough is used for slope excavation, the compacted ballast at the bottom of the sleeper end is treated to improve the drainage performance of the track bed and prolong the overhaul period.
  • the pillow-end plough can The movement of the excavation device itself is used to form a compound movement under the action of its own oil cylinder. Compared with another independent pillow-end plough, the structure is small and elegant, which is of great significance for saving space and reducing the weight of the whole machine.
  • the side plough device is installed on the power car, and on both sides of the engine room, the slope after the cleaning and backfilling operation is reshaped. Without the use of any other equipment, the shape of the side slope of the track bed can meet the standard requirements. .
  • the compaction device is placed after the side plough and before the cleaning device, through vibration compaction, which can increase the compactness of the slope stone ballast and improve the stability of the inversion.
  • a cleaning device is installed at the rear of the power car; the device is designed with two rotating cleaning devices and a brush row cleaning device.
  • the angle of the rotating cleaning device is adjustable; through the operation of the cleaning device, the upper surface of the sleeper and the fasteners can be cleaned No need to use other equipment or manual cleaning.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout structure of a screen cleaning machine body of a preferred embodiment of a screen cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operations according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the rotary throwing belt support and auxiliary obstacle avoidance structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the screen cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operations according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the follow-up structure of the mixed ballast belt of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of the screen cleaning machine suitable for the side slope cleaning operation according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated pillow-end plough of the embodiment shown in Figure 1 of the screen cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operations according to the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning device of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of a screen cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operations according to the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention proposes a cleaning machine and a side slope operation method suitable for side slope cleaning operations, based on the traditional side slope cleaning machine
  • An additional pillow-end plough is used to break the compacted ballast at the end of the sleeper and improve the drainage performance of the track bed
  • an auxiliary obstacle avoidance system is added to make the rotating belt automatically feel close to the line rod, and can automatically control the whole vehicle or the rotating belt throwing action , Avoiding wire rod;
  • the whole vehicle is equipped with side ploughs, compaction devices, and cleaning devices to reshape, compact and clean the backfilled side slope ballast; the whole vehicle has compact structure, reliable work, and complete functions. It can be operated alone. It meets the requirements of the standard track bed and has high engineering application value.
  • the screen cleaning machine suitable for the side slope cleaning operation provided in this embodiment is mainly composed of a car body, an excavating device, a conveyor belt system, a vibrating screening device, a ballast bucket, a pillow end plow, a side plow, a compaction device, It is composed of cleaning device and auxiliary obstacle avoidance system.
  • the screen cleaning machine suitable for the side slope cleaning operation provided in this embodiment is equipped with a pillow end plow after the excavation device to cut and crush the slabbed ballast under the rail pillow after the slope excavation, thereby increasing the water permeability of the track bed .
  • An auxiliary obstacle avoidance system is added to the rotary throwing belt, which is used to sense the line poles on both sides and control the whole vehicle or the rotating belt throwing action to avoid the line poles to achieve the purpose of safe driving and equipment protection.
  • the body of the cleaning machine includes a working vehicle and a power vehicle, and the power vehicle is overlapped with the working vehicle through a pin shaft.
  • the operating vehicle includes the front driver's cab, the operating vehicle frame, the excavating device, the conveyor belt system, the vibrating screening device, the ballast bucket, the pillow end plough, and the auxiliary obstacle avoidance system.
  • the power car includes the rear driver's cab, the power car frame, the middle roof, the power room, the side plough, the compaction device, and the cleaning device.
  • the cleaning machine also includes a traveling system, a power system, and a pneumatic braking system. The traveling system and the power system are used to provide the vehicle traveling and working power.
  • the pneumatic braking system provides pneumatic working power and braking power for the working device.
  • the pillow-end plough has two implementation schemes: one is an independent working device with independent working mode; the other is a pillow-end plough integrated on the excavating device, and its action is a compound movement, including the action of the excavating device itself and the pillow The movement of the end plough relative to the digging device.
  • the auxiliary obstacle avoidance system uses the sensors set around the rotating belt to sense the line poles on both sides of the railway. When the rotating belt is close to the line pole, it triggers the signal, brakes or retracts the rotating belt to avoid damage to the equipment or damage to the equipment or damage to the device or when the rotating belt hits the line pole Cause an accident.
  • the cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operations described in this embodiment includes a cleaning locomotive body.
  • the cleaning locomotive body includes an operating vehicle and a power vehicle, and the power vehicle is connected to the operating vehicle;
  • the operating vehicle includes a front driver's cab 1 and the frame of the operating vehicle, as well as the excavation device 5, the conveyor belt system, the vibrating screening device, the ballast bucket 10, the pillow-end plough 7, the rotary throwing belt 2, the driving bogie 3;
  • the power vehicle includes the rear driver's cab 14, the power Vehicle frame, middle roof, power room 11, side plough 12, compaction device 13, cleaning device 15.
  • the vehicle body of the screen cleaning machine in this embodiment is also equipped with a power transmission system, an electrical control system, a hydraulic control system, a braking system, a pneumatic system, and a running system on the entire vehicle.
  • the traveling system and the power system are used to provide the vehicle traveling and working power.
  • the pneumatic braking system provides pneumatic working power and braking power for the working device.
  • the power car and the work car are connected by connecting rods.
  • the power vehicle is overlapped with the work vehicle through a pin shaft.
  • the work vehicle is supported by two two-axle bogies one front and the other one back.
  • the rear end of the power vehicle is supported by a two-axle bogie, and the front end is overlapped with the work vehicle through a pin shaft.
  • the conveyor belt system includes a dirt conveyor belt 4, a concrete ballast conveyor belt 6, and a backfill conveyor belt 8.
  • the vibrating screening device includes a vibrating screen 9.
  • An auxiliary obstacle avoidance system is provided on the rotary throwing belt 2.
  • the layout of the whole machine is as follows: a front driver's cab is set up on the working vehicle according to the working direction 1, a rotary throwing belt 2, a driving bogie 3, a soil conveyor belt 4, an excavating device 5, a mixed ballast conveyor belt 6, a pillow-end plough 7, backfilling Conveyor belt 8, vibrating screen 9, ballast bucket 10, power room 11, side plough 12, compaction device 13, rear cab 14, cleaning device 15.
  • the front driver's cab 1 and the rear driver's cab 14 are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the vehicle.
  • the car body of the cleaning machine is provided with two sets of excavating devices 5, and the left and right sets of excavating devices 5 are arranged on both sides of the front driver's cab 1 and the rear working vehicle frame, and are connected with the mixed ballast conveyor 6 through a cardan shaft.
  • the pillow-end plough 7 has a telescopic sleeve structure.
  • the pillow-end plow 7 is arranged in the middle of the work vehicle frame, at the rear side of the excavating device 5 and at the front side of the backfill conveyor belt 8. Alternatively, the pillow-end plough 7 is integrated on the excavating device 5.
  • the integrated pillow-end plow 7 includes a first oil cylinder 5-1, a second oil cylinder 5-2, a moving pair 5-3, a plow hook 5-4, a rotating pair 5-5, and the movement of the first oil cylinder 5-1 controls the plow hook At the working depth of 5-4, the movement of the second cylinder 5-2 controls the distance between the working point of the plow hook 5-4 and the center of the line, and the turning pair 5-5 controls the working angle of the plow hook.
  • the vibrating screen 9 is arranged on the upper side of the rear part of the work vehicle frame.
  • the arrangement form of the dirt conveyor belt 4 on the body of the cleaning machine the dirt conveyor belt 4 extends from the lower part of the vibrating screen 9 in the direction of the whole vehicle operation until the rotating throwing belt 2 above the front cab 1 is stopped.
  • the rotary throwing belt 2 is placed above the front cab 1.
  • the rotary throwing belt 2 is welded to the work vehicle frame through the support frame 1-2 of the front cab 1 through the slewing support 1-1, and the rotary throwing belt 2 is horizontally arranged above the front cab 1.
  • Several sensors 1-3 are arranged around the rotating belt 2. Several sensors 1-3 are combined with the electrical control system to form an auxiliary obstacle avoidance system.
  • the arrangement form of the backfill conveyor belt 8 on the body of the cleaning machine is arranged from the ballast bucket 10 under the two sides of the working vehicle frame along the working direction.
  • the power room 11 and the rear cab 14 are arranged on the upper part of the power vehicle frame; the lower part of the power vehicle frame is provided with a side plough 12 at the front, a compaction device 13 behind the side plough 12, and a cleaning device 15 at the rear.
  • the body of the cleaning machine is also provided with a sliding plate 6-1, an upper Vientiane section fork 6-2, and a lower Vientiane section fork 6-3.
  • the lower Vientiane yoke 6-3 forms a rotating pair through the shaft and the sleeve of the mixed ballast conveyor belt 6,
  • the upper Vientiane yoke 6-2 forms a rotary pair through the shaft and the sliding plate 6-1, and the sliding plate 6-1 and the excavating device 5 guide
  • the groove forms a moving pair.
  • the other end of the mixed ballast conveyor belt 6 is supported on the frame of the work vehicle through a rotating shaft, and its end is arranged above the vibrating screen 9.
  • the body of the cleaning machine is also provided with an engine room 11.
  • the side plow 12 is arranged on the frame of the power vehicle under the engine room 11, and the compaction device 13 is close to the side plow 12.
  • the cleaning device 15 is arranged at the last part of the vehicle, which includes two rolling brushes 15-1 and a slap brush 15-2, and is provided with a power unit third oil cylinder 15-3, a fourth oil cylinder 15-4 and a guiding device 15- 5.
  • the rolling of the roller brush 15-1 is driven by a motor, and the angle of the rotating shaft of the roller brush 15-1 is adjustable.
  • the screen cleaning machine suitable for side slope cleaning operations shown in Fig. 1 includes a working vehicle and a power vehicle, and the power vehicle is connected to the working vehicle through a connection overlap.
  • the operating vehicle is equipped with front cab 1; rotary throwing belt 2; bogie 3; dirt conveyor belt 4; excavation device 5; concrete conveyor belt 6; pillow-end plough 7; backfill conveyor belt 8; 9; ballast bucket 10; power room 11; side plough 12; compaction device 13; rear cab 14; cleaning device 15.
  • the front driver's cab 1 and the rear driver's cab 14 are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the vehicle.
  • Two sets of excavating devices 5 on the left and right are arranged on both sides of the rear frame of the operating cab 2 and are connected with the mixed ballast conveyor 6 through a cardan shaft.
  • the pillow-end plow 7 is arranged in the middle of the work frame, at the back side of the excavating device 5 and at the front side of the backfill conveyor belt 8.
  • the vibrating screen 9 is arranged on the upper side of the rear part of the work frame.
  • the dirt conveyor belt 4 extends from the lower part of the vibrating screen 9 to the working direction of the entire vehicle until it stops at the rotating throwing belt 2 above the working cab.
  • the rotary throwing belt 2 is placed above the front cab 1.
  • the backfill conveyor belt 8 is arranged below both sides of the work frame along the work direction starting from the ballast bucket 10.
  • a power room 12 and a rear cab 14 are provided on the upper part of the power vehicle frame.
  • a side plow 12 is arranged at the front
  • a compaction device 13 is arranged behind the side plow 12
  • a cleaning device 15 is arranged at the rear.
  • the vehicle is also arranged with a power transmission system, an electric control system, a hydraulic control system, a braking system, a pneumatic system, and a running system.
  • the whole vehicle is formed by connecting a power vehicle and a working vehicle through a connecting rod, which can be disassembled.
  • the work vehicle is supported by two two-axle bogies, one front and the other one rear.
  • the rear end of the power vehicle is supported by a two-axle bogie, and the front end is overlapped with the work vehicle through a pin shaft. Its characteristic is that through the overlap of the pin shaft, the turning radius of the whole vehicle is increased, and space and cost are saved.
  • a front cab 1 is provided at the foremost end of the working direction of the vehicle, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the rotary throwing belt 2 is welded through the support frame 1-2 of the front cab 1 through the slewing support 1-1. With the work vehicle frame, the rotary throwing belt 2 is arranged horizontally above the front cab 1 and can be rotated horizontally when working.
  • the characteristic is that the rotary throwing belt 2 is placed horizontally, which does not affect the vision of the driver's cab 1; the rotary throwing belt 2 and the front cab 1 are nested with each other, which saves space.
  • a signal is triggered to brake or control the action of the revolving belt 2 to avoid the revolving belt 2 Hit the pole to damage the equipment or cause an accident.
  • These sensors 1-3 are combined with the electrical control system to form an auxiliary obstacle avoidance system.
  • the excavating device 5 is installed in the middle of the work vehicle frame, behind the front cab 1, and the operation console of the front cab 1 can clearly observe the working condition of the excavating device 5.
  • the excavation device 5 is connected to the car body through the lateral excavation support guide column, and the lateral movement of the excavation device 5 is controlled by the horizontal overflow cylinder, and the excavation device is controlled to move forward and backward through the tensioning cylinder and the lifting cylinder, which can realize 6 degrees of freedom. Control to facilitate the realization of excavation operations with different requirements.
  • the left and right excavating devices are driven by low-speed and high-torque hydraulic motors, which can be operated at the same time or separately.
  • the mixed ballast conveyor belt 6 and the excavating device 5 are connected by a universal joint and a chute followable device, as shown in Fig. 3, the Vientiane joint fork 6-3 is connected to the mixed ballast belt 6 through a shaft
  • the sleeve forms a rotating pair
  • the universal joint fork 6-2 forms a rotating pair through the shaft and the sliding plate 6-1
  • the sliding plate 6-1 and the guide groove of the excavating device 5 form a moving pair.
  • the mixed ballast conveyor belt 6 can follow the movement through this device, ensuring that the stone ballast dug by the excavating device 5 can fall on the mixed ballast conveyor belt 6.
  • the other end of the mixed ballast conveyor belt 6 is supported on the frame through a rotating shaft, and the end is arranged above the vibrating screen 9.
  • the pillow-end plough device is installed after the excavation device to backfill both sides of the frame beam before the ballast hole is dropped. It is mainly used for the treatment of the compaction ballast at the bottom of the sleeper end after the excavation of the slope to improve the drainage performance of the track bed and extend the overhaul period.
  • the operation control of the pillow-end plough can be completed on the control boxes on both sides of the frame. Its structure adopts a telescopic sleeve structure, and its expansion and contraction are controlled by a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the pillow-end plow is to integrate the pillow-end plow on the excavating device 5, and its action is a compound motion, including the action of the digging device itself and the action of the pillow-end plow relative to the digging device.
  • the integrated pillow-end plow is composed of a first oil cylinder 5-1, a second oil cylinder 5-2, a moving pair 5-3, a plough hook 5-4, and a rotating pair 5-5.
  • the first oil cylinder 5-1 The movement of the second cylinder 5-2 controls the working depth of the plough hook 5-4, the movement of the second oil cylinder 5-2 controls the distance of the working point of the plough hook 5-4 from the center of the line, and the rotation pair 5-5 controls the working angle of the plough hook.
  • the integrated digging device of the pillow-end plough of this scheme has a small structure, which is of great significance for saving space and reducing the weight of the whole machine.
  • the side plow is arranged on the frame of the power car under the engine room, and the compaction device is close to the side plow. The two devices are just placed between the two bogies, effectively using the space under the frame.
  • the cleaning device is arranged at the end of the vehicle, as shown in Figure 5. It is composed of two rolling brushes 15-1 and a flapping brush 15-2, and is equipped with power unit third oil cylinder (cylinder) 15-3, fourth 15-4 and The guiding device 15-5 functions as a retractable cleaning device.
  • the rolling of the roller brush 15-1 is driven by a motor, and the angle of the rotating shaft of the roller brush 15-1 is adjustable to adjust the appropriate roller brush angle.
  • the side slope operation method includes the following steps:
  • S1 Drive to the work section through the fast travel system, release the safety device, start the work travel system, start each work device in sequence, and prepare to start work;
  • the left and right excavating device 5 sets the excavation width, excavation depth, excavation speed, and excavation angle according to the operation needs, and starts the excavation motor to start excavation;
  • the stone ballast enters the mixed ballast conveyor belt 6 along the guide groove of the excavating device 5.
  • the mixed ballast conveyor belt 6 rotates at a high speed to send the mixed ballast to the vibrating screen 9 for screening; the useful stone ballast after screening passes through the ballast bucket
  • the left and right ballast separation function of the slab enters the backfill conveyor belt 8, and is finally backfilled to the slope; the sifted soil enters the rotary throwing belt 2 through the soil conveyor belt 4, and is finally thrown to both sides of the road or enters the material truck for continuous operation;
  • start sleeper end plough 7 operation to loosen the stone ballast under the end of the sleeper and increase the drainage performance of the track bed
  • the side plough 12 located on the power car can operate at the same time to shape the stone ballast backfilled to the slope to make it conform to Standard:
  • the compaction device 13 can be operated at the same time to increase the compactness of the side slope ballast and strengthen the stability of the slope stone ballast;
  • the cleaning device 15 located at the last position cleans the stones on the sleepers and fasteners after the operation;
  • the layout of the whole machine is equipped with excavation device, conveyor belt system, screening device, pillow-end plow, side plow, compaction device, screen cleaning device, auxiliary obstacle avoidance system, which can realize line slope cleaning, backfilling, Shaping, compaction, and cleaning operations, and the operation of pillow-end plows can improve the drainage performance of the track bed, and the auxiliary obstacle avoidance system can realize automatic obstacle avoidance function.
  • the whole vehicle is divided into two vehicles, the work vehicle is supported by two two-axle bogies, the power vehicle is supported by a two-axle bogie, and the power vehicle is overlapped with the work vehicle through a pin shaft.
  • the power source is all arranged in the power car, and all working devices and running systems of the whole car are driven by hydraulic pumps. All parts of the whole car are reasonably arranged in each part of the frame, symmetrically arranged, and the structure is compact and reasonable.
  • the rotary throwing belt is horizontally arranged above the operating cab.
  • the rotating throwing belt passes through the slewing support and passes through the support frame of the front driver's cab.
  • the rotary throwing belt and the cab are nested with each other, with high structural strength and compact space.
  • the connection method of the mixed ballast belt and the excavating device The mixed ballast conveyor belt and the excavating device are connected by a follow-up structure. When the excavating device moves from the operating position to the working position, the mixed ballast conveyor belt can follow the movement through this device. Ensure that the stone ballast excavated by the excavating device can fall on the mixed ballast conveyor belt.
  • the integrated pillow-end plow which can use the movement of the excavating device itself to form a compound movement under the action of its own cylinder. Compared with the independent pillow-end plow, the structure is compact, which is of great significance for saving space and reducing the weight of the whole machine. .

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及边坡作业方法，所述清筛机的车体包括作业车和动力车，所述动力车连接于作业车；所述作业车包括前司机室和作业车车架，以及挖掘装置、输送带系统、振动筛分装置、落砟斗、枕端犁、旋转抛带、驱动转向架；所述动力车包括后司机室、动力车车架、中间顶棚、动力间、侧犁、夯实装置、清扫装置。本发明所提供的铁路边坡清筛机工作效率高，功能齐全，操作灵活、方便，性能可靠等特点，采用该清筛机的边坡作业方法能够实现线路边坡的挖掘，清筛，回填，整形，夯实，清扫，通过枕端犁的作业可以改善道床的排水性能，辅助避障系统可以实现设备的自动避障功能。

Description

一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及边坡作业方法 技术领域
本发明属于铁路养护机械设计与制造技术领域，具体涉及一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及边坡作业方法。
背景技术
现有技术中，公告号为CN2878459Y的中国实用新型专利提供了一种带垂直链式挖掘机构的边坡清筛机，包括带转向架的车架，设置在车架一端的旋转抛碴机构、作业司机室以及其出料端与旋转抛碴机构相连的污土输送机，以及设置在车架另一端的运行司机室、动力间，车架上位于污土输送机进料端的上方设有筛分机，位于筛分机进料端的上方设有提碴输送机，位于提碴输送机进料端的上方设有垂直链式挖掘机，位于筛分机出料端的下方设有回填布碴机。该方案提供的边坡清筛机不必像传统清筛机那样需要接底梁、耙链、预挖一个坑等繁琐的辅助操作，直接用切入的方式进行挖掘，既缩短了作业时间，同时又提高工作效率，操作灵活、方便，工作时不侵占邻线限界，不影响邻线行车安全。但该方案不具有边坡整形、夯实、清扫、辅助避障及边坡枕端板结道砟的破碎功能。
目前边坡清筛机的功能主要是边坡石砟挖掘、石砟筛分、洁砟的回填、污土抛送，这样的清筛机功能单一，并不能对回填的边坡道砟进行整形、夯实和清扫作业，以便使边坡道砟的截面形状、道砟密实度恢复到标准状体，同时目前的边坡清筛机也没有设置改善板结道床的装置。另外，目前的边坡清筛机没有设置辅助避障系统，当需要将污土抛至线路外侧时，边坡清筛机的抛砟带需要摆到一侧，这时如操作不档，旋转抛带会撞到线路上的电线杆，发生安全事故，损坏设备。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及边坡作业方法：在传统边坡清筛机的基础上增设枕端犁，用于破除轨枕端部的板结道砟，改善道床的排水性能；增设辅助避障系统，使旋转抛带自动感接近的线杆，并可自动控制整车或旋转抛带动作，避让线杆；同时整车设置 侧犁、夯实装置、清扫装置，对回填后的边坡道砟进行整形、夯实、清扫作业；整车结构紧凑、工作可靠、功能完备，单独作业后即可达到标准道床要求，具有很高的工程应用价值。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案。
本发明首先提供一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，包括清筛机车体，所述清筛机车体包括作业车和动力车，所述动力车连接于作业车；所述作业车包括前司机室和作业车车架，以及挖掘装置、输送带系统、振动筛分装置、落砟斗、枕端犁、旋转抛带、驱动转向架；所述动力车包括后司机室、动力车车架、中间顶棚、动力间、侧犁、夯实装置、清扫装置。
优选的是，所述清筛机车体，其整车上还布置有动力传动系统、电气控制系统、液压控制系统、制动系统、气动系统、走行系统。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述动力车通过销轴搭接于作业车。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述作业车由两个二轴转向架一前一后支承，动力车后端由一个二轴转向架支承，前端通过销轴搭接于作业车。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述输送带系统包括污土输送带、混砟输送带、回填输送带。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述振动筛分装置包括振动筛。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述作业车上依作业方向设置前司机室、旋转抛带、驱动转向架、污土输送带、挖掘装置、混砟输送带、枕端犁、回填输送带、振动筛、落砟斗、动力间、侧犁、夯实装置、后司机室、清扫装置。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述前司机室和后司机室分别布置在整车前后两侧。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述清筛机车体设置有两套挖掘装置，左右两套挖掘装置布置在前司机室后作业车车架两侧，并通过万向轴与混砟输送带链接。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述枕端犁为伸缩套筒式结构。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述枕端犁布置在作业车车架中部，位于挖掘装置后侧、回填输送带前侧。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述枕端犁可集成设置于挖掘装置上。枕端犁有两种可选的结构布置形式。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，集成式枕端犁包括第一油缸、第二油缸、移动副、犁钩、转动副，第一油缸的运动控制犁钩的作业深度，第二油缸的运动控制犁钩的作业点离线路中心的距离，转动副控制犁钩的作业角度。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述振动筛布置于作业车车架后部上侧。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述污土输送带在清筛机车体上的布置形式：污土输送带从振动筛下部一直向整车作业方向延伸，直到位于前司机室上方的旋转抛带止。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述旋转抛带置于前司机室上方。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述旋转抛带通过回转支撑，穿过前司机室的支撑框架焊接于作业车车架，旋转抛带水平布置于前司机室上方。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述旋转抛带四周设置有若干传感器。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，若干传感器和电气控制系统结合，构成辅助避障系统。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述回填输送带在清筛机车体上的布置形式：回填输送带从落砟斗开始沿作业方向布置于作业车车架两侧下方。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述动力间、后司机室设置于动力车车架上部；动力车车架下部，前部设置侧犁，侧犁后设置夯实装置，后部设置清扫装置。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述清筛机车体还设置有滑板、上万象节叉、下万象节叉。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述下万象节叉通过轴与混砟输送带的套筒形成转动副，上万象节叉通过轴与滑板形成转动副，滑板与挖掘装置的导槽形成移动副。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述混砟输送带另一端通过旋转轴支撑在作业车车架上，其末端布置于振动筛上方。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述清筛机车体还设置有发动机间。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述侧犁布置在发动机间下方动力车车架上，夯实装置紧挨侧犁。
在上述任一技术方案中优选的是，所述清扫装置布置于整车最后部位，其包括两个滚刷和一个拍刷，并设有动力装置第三油缸、第四油缸和导向装置，滚刷 的滚动由马达带动，滚刷转轴角度可调。
本发明还提供了一种边坡作业方法，采用如上任一项所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，该边坡作业方法包括：
S1，走行系统及动力系统用于提供车辆走行及作业动力。气动制动系统为工作装置提供气动作业动力及制动动力；通过快速走行系统行驶至作业路段，解除安全装置，启动作业走行系统，按顺序启动各作业装置，准备开始作业；
S2，左右挖掘装置根据作业需要设定挖掘宽度、挖掘深度、挖掘速度、挖掘角度，启动挖掘马达开始挖掘；
S3，石砟沿挖掘装置的导槽进入混砟输送带，混砟输送带高速转动把混砟送入振动筛进行筛分作业；经过筛分后的有用石砟通过落砟斗的左右分砟功能进入回填输送带，最终回填到边坡；筛分后的污土通过污土输送带进入旋转抛带，最终抛向路两侧或进入连挂作业的物料车；
S4，启动枕端犁作业，使轨枕端部下方的石砟松动，增加道床的排水性能；位于动力车的侧犁可同时作业，对回填到边坡的石砟进行整形，使之符合规范；夯实装置可同时作业，增加边坡道砟的密实度，加强边坡石砟稳定性；位于最后部位的清扫装置作业后把轨枕上和扣件上的石头清扫干净；
S5，完成作业后，收车，连接各安全装置，驶离作业路段。
本发明所提供的铁路边坡清筛机的技术方案包括上述各部分的任意组合，上述各部分组件的简单变化或组合仍为本发明的保护范围。
与现有技术相比，本发明所提供的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，具有工作效率高，功能齐全，操作灵活、方便，性能可靠等特点；采用了该清筛机的边坡作业方法，能够实现线路边坡的清筛、回填、整形、夯实、清扫，通过枕端犁的作业可以改善道床的排水性能，辅助避障系统可以实现设备的自动避障功能。本发明的上述技术方案具有如下有益效果：
1、旋转抛带水平布置于作业司机室上方，旋转抛带通过回转支撑、穿过前司机室的支撑框架焊接与作业车车架，旋转抛带与司机室相互嵌套，结构强度高，空间紧凑；在旋转抛带四周设置有传感器和机械装置，用以感应铁路两旁的线杆，当旋转抛带接近线杆时触发信号，由控制单元控制整车制动或控制旋转抛带动作，避开线杆。这些传感器、机械装置和电气控制系统结合，构成了辅助避障系统。
2、输送带系统布局合理，结构紧凑，高效运转；其中，混砟输送带与挖掘 装置之间通过可随动结构连接，挖掘装置由运行位到作业位移动时，混砟输送带可通过此装置跟随移动，保证挖掘装置挖出的石砟可以落到混砟输送带上。
3、枕端犁用于边坡挖掘之后，枕木端底部的板结道砟处理，改善道床排水性能，延长大修周期；枕端犁有两种实施方案，其中集成式的实施方案，枕端犁可以利用挖掘装置本身的运动在自身油缸的作用下形成复合运动，与另一种独立式枕端犁相比，结构小巧，对于节约空间，减少整机重量意义重大。
4、侧犁装置安装在动力车上，在发动机间两侧，对清筛回填作业后的边坡进行整形作业，在不使用其他任何设备的情况下，可以道床的边坡的形状达到标准要求。
5.夯实装置置于侧犁之后，清扫装置之前，通过振动夯实，可增加边坡石砟的密实度，提高倒装的稳定性。
6、在动力车尾部设置有清扫装置；该装置设计有两个旋转清扫装置和一个排刷清扫装置，旋转清扫装置角度可调；通过清扫装置的作业，可以清理掉轨枕上表面及扣件部位的道砟，无需再使用其他设备或人工清理。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为按照本发明的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机的一优选实施例的清筛机车体整机布局结构示意图；
图2为按照本发明的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机的图1所示实施例的旋转抛带支撑及辅助避障结构示意图；
图3为按照本发明的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机的图1所示实施例的混砟带随动结构示意图；
图4为按照本发明的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机的图1所示实施例的集成式枕端犁结构示意图；
图5为按照本发明的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机的图1所示实施例的清扫装置结构示意图。
附图标记：前司机室1、旋转抛带2、驱动转向架3、污土输送带4、回转支撑1-1、支撑框架1-2、传感器1-3、挖掘装置5、第一油缸5-1、第二油缸5-2、移动副5-3、犁钩5-4、转动副5-5、混砟输送带6、滑板6-1、上万象节叉6-2、下万象节叉6-3、枕端犁7、回填输送带8、振动筛9、落砟斗10、发动机间11、侧犁12、夯实装置13、后司机室14、清扫装置15、滚刷15-1、拍刷15-2、第三油缸(气缸)15-3、第四油缸(气缸)15-4、导向装置15-5。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
为了克服铁路清筛机在现有技术中所存在的问题，本发明实施例提出一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及边坡作业方法，在传统边坡清筛机的基础上增设枕端犁，用于破除轨枕端部的板结道砟，改善道床的排水性能；增设辅助避障系统，使旋转抛带自动感接近的线杆，并可自动控制整车或旋转抛带动作，避让线杆；同时整车设置侧犁、夯实装置、清扫装置，对回填后的边坡道砟进行整形、夯实、清扫作业；整车结构紧凑、工作可靠、功能完备，单独作业后即可达到标准道床要求，具有很高的工程应用价值。
本实施例提供的这种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，主要由车体、挖掘装置、输送带系统、振动筛分装置、落砟斗、枕端犁、侧犁、夯实装置、清扫装置、辅助避障系统组成。本实施例提供的这种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，在挖掘装置后设置枕端犁，对边坡挖掘后轨枕头下部的板结道砟进行切割破碎作业，增加道床的透水性。设置侧犁、夯实装置、清扫装置，对回填到边坡的洁砟进行整形、夯实、清扫作业，使之达到标准道床的要求。在旋转抛带上增设辅助避障系统，用于感应两侧线杆并控制整车或旋转抛带动作，避让线杆，达到安全行车、保护设备的目的。
本实施例所述清筛机，其清筛机车体包括作业车、动力车，动力车通过销轴搭接与作业车。作业车包括前司机室、作业车车架，挖掘装置、输送带系统、振动筛分装置、落砟斗、枕端犁、辅助避障系统。动力车包括后司机室、动力车车 架、中间顶棚、动力间、侧犁、夯实装置、清扫装置。清筛机还包括走行系统、动力系统、气动制动系统。走行系统及动力系统用于提供车辆走行及作业动力。气动制动系统为工作装置提供气动作业动力及制动动力。枕端犁具有两种实施方案：一种为独立的工作装置，有独立的工作模式；一种为在挖掘装置上集成的枕端犁，其动作为复合运动，包含了挖掘装置本身动作及枕端犁相对挖掘装置的动作。辅助避障系统，利用设置在旋转抛带周边的传感器感应铁路两旁的线杆，当旋转抛带接近线杆时触发信号，制动或收回旋转抛带，避免旋转抛带撞击线杆损坏设备或引起事故。
以下结合图1至5说明本实施例所述清筛机的结构、特点、实现形式，以及采用该清筛机实施边坡作业的作业方法。
本实施例所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，包括清筛机车体，清筛机车体包括作业车和动力车，动力车连接于作业车；作业车包括前司机室1和作业车车架，以及挖掘装置5、输送带系统、振动筛分装置、落砟斗10、枕端犁7、旋转抛带2、驱动转向架3；动力车包括后司机室14、动力车车架、中间顶棚、动力间11、侧犁12、夯实装置13、清扫装置15。
本实施例所述清筛机的车体，整车上还布置有动力传动系统、电气控制系统、液压控制系统、制动系统、气动系统、走行系统。走行系统及动力系统用于提供车辆走行及作业动力。气动制动系统为工作装置提供气动作业动力及制动动力。动力车和作业车通过连接杆连接而成。或者，动力车通过销轴搭接于作业车。作业车由两个二轴转向架一前一后支承，动力车后端由一个二轴转向架支承，前端通过销轴搭接于作业车。输送带系统包括污土输送带4、混砟输送带6、回填输送带8。振动筛分装置包括振动筛9。旋转抛带2上设置有辅助避障系统。整机布置形式为：作业车上依作业方向设置前司机室1、旋转抛带2、驱动转向架3、污土输送带4、挖掘装置5、混砟输送带6、枕端犁7、回填输送带8、振动筛9、落砟斗10、动力间11、侧犁12、夯实装置13、后司机室14、清扫装置15。
本实施例所述清筛机，前司机室1和后司机室14分别布置在整车前后两侧。清筛机车体设置有两套挖掘装置5，左右两套挖掘装置5布置在前司机室1后作业车车架两侧，并通过万向轴与混砟输送带6链接。枕端犁7为伸缩套筒式结构。枕端犁7布置在作业车车架中部，位于挖掘装置5后侧、回填输送带8前侧。或者，枕端犁7集成设置于挖掘装置5上。集成式枕端犁7包括第一油缸5-1、第 二油缸5-2、移动副5-3、犁钩5-4、转动副5-5，第一油缸5-1的运动控制犁钩5-4的作业深度，第二油缸5-2的运动控制犁钩5-4的作业点离线路中心的距离，转动副5-5控制犁钩的作业角度。振动筛9布置于作业车车架后部上侧。污土输送带4在清筛机车体上的布置形式：污土输送带4从振动筛9下部一直向整车作业方向延伸，直到位于前司机室1上方的旋转抛带2止。旋转抛带2置于前司机室1上方。旋转抛带2通过回转支撑1-1，穿过前司机室1的支撑框架1-2焊接于作业车车架，旋转抛带2水平布置于前司机室1上方。旋转抛带2四周设置有若干传感器1-3。若干传感器1-3和电气控制系统结合，构成辅助避障系统。回填输送带8在清筛机车体上的布置形式：回填输送带8从落砟斗10开始沿作业方向布置于作业车车架两侧下方。动力间11、后司机室14设置于动力车车架上部；动力车车架下部，前部设置侧犁12，侧犁12后设置夯实装置13，后部设置清扫装置15。
本实施例所述清筛机，清筛机车体还设置有滑板6-1、上万象节叉6-2、下万象节叉6-3。下万象节叉6-3通过轴与混砟输送带6的套筒形成转动副，上万象节叉6-2通过轴与滑板6-1形成转动副，滑板6-1与挖掘装置5的导槽形成移动副。混砟输送带6另一端通过旋转轴支撑在作业车车架上，其末端布置于振动筛9上方。
本实施例所述清筛机，清筛机车体还设置有发动机间11。侧犁12布置在发动机间11下方动力车车架上，夯实装置13紧挨侧犁12。清扫装置15布置于整车最后部位，其包括两个滚刷15-1和一个拍刷15-2，并设有动力装置第三油缸15-3、第四油缸15-4和导向装置15-5，滚刷15-1的滚动由马达带动，滚刷15-1转轴角度可调。
图1所示的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其包括作业车和动力车，动力车通过连接搭接与作业车。作业车上依作业方向设有前司机室1；旋转抛带2；转向架3；污土输送带4；挖掘装置5；混砟输送带6；枕端犁7；回填输送带8；振动筛9；落砟斗10；动力间11；侧犁12；夯实装置13；后司机室14；清扫装置15。前司机室1和后司机室14分别布置在整车前后两侧。左右两套挖掘装置5布置在作业司机室2后车架两侧，并通过万向轴与混砟输送带6链接。枕端犁7布置在作业车架中部，位于挖掘装置5后侧、回填输送带8前侧。振动筛9布置于作业车架后部上侧。污土输送带4从振动筛9下部一直向整车作业方向延伸， 直到位于作业司机室上方的旋转抛带2止。旋转抛带2置于前司机室1上方。回填输送带8从落砟斗10开始沿作业方向布置于作业车架两侧下方。在动力车车架上部设置有动力间12、后司机室14。在动力车车架下部，前部设置侧犁12，侧犁12后有夯实装置13，后部设置清扫装置15。所述整车上还布置有动力传动系统、电气控制系统、液压控制系统、制动系统、气动系统、走行系统。
本实施例的清筛机，整车由动力车和作业车通过连接杆连接而成，可以拆卸。其中作业车由两个二轴转向架一前一后支承，动力车后端由一个二轴转向架支承，前端则通过销轴搭接于作业车。其特点在于通过销轴的搭接，增大了整车的转弯半径，节省了空间和成本。
本实施例的清筛机，在整车作业方向最前端设置有前司机室1，如图2，旋转抛带2通过回转支撑1-1，穿过前司机室1的支撑框架1-2焊接与作业车车架，旋转抛带2水平布置于前司机室1上方，当工作时可做水平旋转。其特点在于旋转抛带2水平放置，不影响司机室驾驶1的视野；旋转抛带2与前司机室1相互嵌套，节省了空间。在旋转抛带2四周设置有若干传感器1-3，用以感应铁路两旁的线杆，当旋转抛带2接近线杆时触发信号，制动或控制旋转抛带2动作，避免旋转抛带2撞击线杆损坏设备或引起事故。这些传感器1-3和电气控制系统结合，构成了辅助避障系统。
本实施例的清筛机，挖掘装置5安装在作业车车架中部、前司机室1后，前司机室1的作业操作台可以清楚观察挖掘装置5的工作状况。其特点是挖掘装置5通过横向挖掘支架导柱与车体连接，通过横溢油缸控制挖掘装置5的左右横移，通过张紧油缸，提升油缸控制挖掘装置前后上下移动，可实现6个自由度的控制，便于实现不同要求的挖掘作业。左右两个挖掘装置分别由低速大扭矩液压马达驱动，可同时作业，也可单独作业。
本实施例的清筛机，混砟输送带6与挖掘装置5之间通过万向节加滑槽的可随动装置连接，如图3，万象节叉6-3通过轴与混砟带6的套筒形成转动副、万象节叉6-2通过轴与滑板6-1形成转动副，滑板6-1与挖掘装置5的导槽形成移动副，挖掘装置7由运行位到作业位移动时，混砟输送带6可通过此装置跟随移动，保证挖掘装置5挖出的石砟可以落到混砟输送带6上。混砟输送带6另一端通过旋转轴支撑在车架上，末端布置于振动筛9上方。
本实施例的清筛机，枕端犁装置安装在挖掘装置之后回填落砟口之前的车架 横梁两侧。主要用于边坡挖掘之后，枕木端底部的板结道砟处理，改善道床排水性能，延长大修周期。枕端犁的操作控制可在车架两侧控制箱上完成，其结构采用伸缩套筒式结构，由液压油缸控制其伸缩。
本实施例的清筛机，枕端犁的另一种实施方案为在挖掘装置5上集成枕端犁，其动作为复合运动，包含了挖掘装置本身动作及枕端犁相对挖掘装置的动作。如图4，集成式枕端犁由第一油缸5-1、第二油缸5-2、移动副5-3、犁钩5-4、转动副5-5等组成，第一油缸5-1的运动控制犁钩5-4的作业深度，第二油缸5-2的运动控制犁钩5-4的作业点离线路中心的距离，转动副5-5控制犁钩的作业角度。此方案的枕端犁集成挖掘装置，与独立式枕端犁7相比，结构小巧，对于节约空间，减少整机重量意义重大。侧犁布置在发动机间下方动力车车架上，夯实装置紧挨侧犁，两装置刚好放置于两个转向架之间，有效利用了车架下的空间。清扫装置布置于整车最后，如图5，由两个滚刷15-1和一个拍刷15-2组成，并设有动力装置第三油缸(气缸)15-3、第四15-4和导向装置15-5，共同起着收放的清扫装置的作用，滚刷15-1的滚动由马达带动，滚刷15-1转轴的角度可调，用于调整合适的滚刷角度。
采用如上所述的清筛机，实现边坡作业，该边坡作业方法包括如下步骤：
S1，通过快速走行系统行驶至作业路段，解除安全装置，启动作业走行系统，按顺序启动各作业装置，准备开始作业；
S2，左右挖掘装置5根据作业需要设定挖掘宽度、挖掘深度、挖掘速度、挖掘角度，启动挖掘马达开始挖掘；
S3，石砟沿挖掘装置5的导槽进入混砟输送带6，混砟输送带6高速转动把混砟送入振动筛9进行筛分作业；经过筛分后的有用石砟通过落砟斗的左右分砟功能进入回填输送带8，最终回填到边坡；筛分后的污土通过污土输送带4进入旋转抛带2，最终抛向路两侧或进入连挂作业的物料车；
S4，启动枕端犁7作业，使轨枕端部下方的石砟松动，增加道床的排水性能；位于动力车的侧犁12可同时作业，对回填到边坡的石砟进行整形，使之符合规范；夯实装置13可同时作业，增加边坡道砟的密实度，加强边坡石砟稳定性；位于最后部位的清扫装置15作业后把轨枕上和扣件上的石头清扫干净；
S5，完成作业后，收车，连接各安全装置，驶离作业路段。
本实施例所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及采用该清筛机实现边坡作 业的作业方法，该技术方案的关键保护点在于：
1、整机布局，整车布置有挖掘装置、输送带系统、筛分装置、枕端犁、侧犁、夯实装置、清筛装置，辅助避障系统，能够实现线路边坡清筛、回填、整形、夯实、清扫作业，枕端犁的作业可以改善道床的排水性能，辅助避障系统可以实现自动避障功能。
整车分两节车，作业车由两个二轴转向架支承，动力车由一个二轴转向架支承，动力车通过销轴搭接于作业车。动力源全部布置于动力车，通过液压泵驱动全车各工作装置和走行系统。全车各部分合理的布置于车架各部分，对称布置，结构紧凑，合理。
2、旋转抛带与司机室的结构支撑、相互嵌套方式，旋转抛带水平布置于作业司机室上方，旋转抛带通过回转支撑、穿过前司机室的支撑框架焊接与作业车车架，旋转抛带与司机室相互嵌套，结构强度高，空间紧凑。
3、混砟带和挖掘装置的连接方式，混砟输送带与挖掘装置之间通过可随动结构连接，挖掘装置由运行位到作业位移动时，混砟输送带可通过此装置跟随移动，保证挖掘装置挖出的石砟可以落到混砟输送带上。
4、集成式枕端犁，枕端犁可以利用挖掘装置本身的运动在自身油缸的作用下形成复合运动，与独立式枕端犁相比，结构小巧，对于节约空间，减少整机重量意义重大。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施例，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，包括清筛机车体，所述清筛机车体包括作业车和动力车，所述动力车连接于作业车，其特征在于，所述作业车包括前司机室(1)和作业车车架，以及挖掘装置(5)、输送带系统、振动筛分装置(9)、落砟斗(10)、枕端犁(7)、旋转抛带(2)、驱动转向架(3)；所述动力车包括后司机室(14)、动力车车架、中间顶棚、动力间(11)、侧犁(12)、夯实装置(13)、清扫装置(15)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述清筛机车体，其整车上还布置有动力传动系统、电气控制系统、液压控制系统、制动系统、气动系统、走行系统。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述动力车通过销轴搭接于作业车。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述作业车由两个二轴转向架一前一后支承，动力车后端由一个二轴转向架支承，前端通过销轴搭接于作业车。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述输送带系统包括旋转抛带(2)、污土输送带(4)、混砟输送带(6)、回填输送带(8)。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述振动筛分装置包括振动筛(9)。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述作业车上依作业方向设置前司机室(1)、旋转抛带(2)、驱动转向架(3)、污土输送带(4)、挖掘装置(5)、混砟输送带(6)、枕端犁(7)、回填输送带(8)、振动筛(9)、落砟斗(10)、动力间(11)、侧犁(12)、夯实装置(13)、后司机室(14)、清扫装置(15)。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述前司机室(1)和后司机室(14)分别布置在整车前后两侧。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述清筛机车体设置有两套挖掘装置(5)，左右两套挖掘装置(5)布置在前司机室(1)后作业车车架两侧，并通过万向轴与混砟输送带(6)链接。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所 述枕端犁(7)为伸缩套筒式结构。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述枕端犁(7)布置在作业车车架中部，位于挖掘装置(5)后侧、回填输送带(8)前侧。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述枕端犁(7)可集成设置于挖掘装置(5)上(如图4所示)。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，集成式枕端犁(7)包括第一油缸(5-1)、第二油缸(5-2)、移动副(5-3)、犁钩(5-4)、转动副(5-5)，第一油缸(5-1)的运动控制犁钩(5-4)的作业深度，第二油缸(5-2)的运动控制犁钩(5-4)的作业点离线路中心的距离，转动副(5-5)控制犁钩的作业角度。
  14. 如权利要求6所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述振动筛(9)布置于作业车车架后部上侧。
  15. 如权利要求5所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述污土输送带(4)在清筛机车体上的布置形式：污土输送带(4)从振动筛(9)下部一直向整车作业方向延伸，直到位于前司机室(1)上方的旋转抛带(2)止。
  16. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述旋转抛带(2)置于前司机室(1)上方。
  17. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述旋转抛带(2)通过回转支撑(1-1)，穿过前司机室(1)的支撑框架(1-2)焊接于作业车车架，旋转抛带(2)水平布置于前司机室(1)上方。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述旋转抛带(2)四周设置有若干传感器(1-3)。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，若干传感器(1-3)和电气控制系统结合，构成辅助避障系统。
  20. 如权利要求5所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述回填输送带(8)在清筛机车体上的布置形式：回填输送带(8)从落砟斗(10)开始沿作业方向布置于作业车车架两侧下方。
  21. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述动力间(11)、后司机室(14)设置于动力车车架上部；动力车车架下部，前 部设置侧犁(12)，侧犁(12)后设置夯实装置(13)，后部设置清扫装置(15)。
  22. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述清筛机车体还设置有滑板(6-1)、上万象节叉(6-2)、下万象节叉(6-3)。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述下万象节叉(6-3)通过轴与混砟输送带(6)的套筒形成转动副，上万象节叉(6-2)通过轴与滑板(6-1)形成转动副，滑板(6-1)与挖掘装置(5)的导槽形成移动副。
  24. 如权利要求5所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述混砟输送带(6)另一端通过旋转轴支撑在作业车车架上，其末端布置于振动筛(9)上方。
  25. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述清筛机车体还设置有发动机间(11)。
  26. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述侧犁(12)布置在发动机间(11)下方动力车车架上，夯实装置(13)紧挨侧犁(12)。
  27. 如权利要求1所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述清扫装置(15)布置于整车最后部位，其包括两个滚刷(15-1)和一个拍刷(15-2)，并设有动力装置第三油缸(15-3)、第四油缸(15-4)和导向装置(15-5)，滚刷(15-1)的滚动由马达带动，滚刷(15-1)转轴角度可调。
  28. 一种边坡作业方法，采用如权利要求1至27中任一项所述的适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机，其特征在于，所述边坡作业方法包括：
    S1，通过快速走行系统行驶至作业路段，解除安全装置，启动作业走行系统，按顺序启动各作业装置，准备开始作业；
    S2，左右挖掘装置(5)根据作业需要设定挖掘宽度、挖掘深度、挖掘速度、挖掘角度，启动挖掘马达开始挖掘；
    S3，石砟沿挖掘装置(5)的导槽进入混砟输送带(6)，混砟输送带(6)高速转动把混砟送入振动筛(9)进行筛分作业；经过筛分后的有用石砟通过落砟斗的左右分砟功能进入回填输送带(8)，最终回填到边坡；筛分后的污土通过污土输送带(4)进入旋转抛带(2)，最终抛向路两侧或进入连挂作业的物料车；
    S4，启动枕端犁(7)作业，使轨枕端部下方的石砟松动，增加道床的排水 性能；位于动力车的侧犁(12)可同时作业，对回填到边坡的石砟进行整形，使之符合规范；夯实装置(13)可同时作业，增加边坡道砟的密实度，加强边坡石砟稳定性；位于最后部位的清扫装置(15)作业后把轨枕上和扣件上的石头清扫干净；
    S5，完成作业后，收车，连接各安全装置，驶离作业路段。
PCT/CN2020/100722 2020-05-09 2020-07-07 一种适用于边坡清筛作业的清筛机及边坡作业方法 WO2021227223A1 (zh)

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