WO2021227113A1 - 微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统 - Google Patents

微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统 Download PDF

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WO2021227113A1
WO2021227113A1 PCT/CN2020/091361 CN2020091361W WO2021227113A1 WO 2021227113 A1 WO2021227113 A1 WO 2021227113A1 CN 2020091361 W CN2020091361 W CN 2020091361W WO 2021227113 A1 WO2021227113 A1 WO 2021227113A1
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temperature
hyperthermia
microwave
radio frequency
human body
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PCT/CN2020/091361
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English (en)
French (fr)
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尚圣杰
尚志英
尚诚德
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尚圣杰
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Priority to EP20935802.7A priority Critical patent/EP4151274A1/en
Priority to US17/485,610 priority patent/US20220008742A1/en
Publication of WO2021227113A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227113A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/02—Radiation therapy using microwaves
    • A61N5/022—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
    • A61N5/025—Warming the body, e.g. hyperthermia treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/40—Applying electric fields by inductive or capacitive coupling ; Applying radio-frequency signals
    • A61N1/403—Applying electric fields by inductive or capacitive coupling ; Applying radio-frequency signals for thermotherapy, e.g. hyperthermia
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/01—Devices for producing movement of radiation source during therapy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
    • G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/36002—Cancer treatment, e.g. tumour
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/02—Radiation therapy using microwaves
    • A61N5/04—Radiators for near-field treatment
    • A61N5/045—Radiators for near-field treatment specially adapted for treatment inside the body
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
    • G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
    • G01R33/4804—Spatially selective measurement of temperature or pH
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the medical field, in particular to a microwave radio frequency coordinated rotation global radiation thermal therapy system.
  • the inventor of the present inventors comprehensively believes that to achieve radical cure of tumors, clarify the mechanism of hyperthermia treatment, seek global hyperthermia technology, optimize the best temperature range for high fever and blanching, and ensure accurate temperature control have become four major technical problems. .
  • the inventors have also conducted in-depth research on cancer cells and found that due to the rapid differentiation, uncontrolled growth, and infinite proliferation of gene mutations in cancer cells, they need to absorb a large amount of nutrients from the outside under normal circumstances and input excessive oxygen. At this time, the stress response is that respiration will rapidly intensify. Due to the mutation defects such as tissue vascular disorder and obstruction due to cancer cell gene mutations, it is difficult to adapt to the excessive demand for oxygen by cancer cells under high fever. As a result, it will cause anaerobic respiratory stress and anorexia. The accumulation of large amounts of lactic acid produced by oxygen is too late to efflux and lead to the acidification of cancer cell tissues.
  • the high fever over 42°C will cause cancer cells to die if they are blanched for more than 30 minutes.
  • the mortality rate exceeds 90%, but if the temperature exceeds 43°C, the high fever will be more and more harmful to the normal cells of the human body. Therefore, the best temperature range for high-temperature blanching should be 42°C-43°C, and the highest limit should not exceed 43°C.
  • 43°C is the temperature difference that cancer cells and normal cells can tolerate. It can inactivate cancer cells and cause less damage to normal cells. This makes it possible for hyperthermia to cure tumors.
  • hyperthermia is divided into two categories: one is non-equipment hyperthermia. Most of them are based on the most primitive cases of measles or malaria infection with high fever to treat cancer, and inject “toxin” into cancer patients to induce infection and fever, so as to burn the cancer cells. These methods have definite results, but the risks are difficult to control and cannot be promoted.
  • equipment-type hyperthermia which uses equipment to heat to kill cancer cells. According to different heating methods, the equipment-type hyperthermia methods are divided into the following types:
  • the second is a tumor microwave hyperthermia device.
  • the N-9001 microwave tumor therapy instrument (915MHz) developed by Jiangsu Nuowan Medical Equipment Co., Ltd.
  • microwave hyperthermia device 2450MHz developed by Hunan Youli Medical Technology Co., Ltd., there are microwave hyperthermia.
  • the third is the tumor radio frequency hyperthermia device, which is a new type of electromagnetic hyperthermia device based on the research and improvement of microwave hyperthermia technology. Although it has broken through the limitation of the depth of diathermy, the application effect is still not optimistic, and it is difficult to cure the spread and metastasis. Tumor.
  • radio frequency hyperthermia devices such as Jilin Maida NRL-003 (30-40MHz difference frequency), Japan FR-8 (8MHz), American BSD-2000W (60 ⁇ 120MHz), etc.
  • radio frequency heating tends to cause overheating of the superficial fat layer, which must be laminated with a water bag for cooling treatment
  • the current radio frequency hyperthermia device adopts multiple sets of capacitive radio frequency heating mechanisms to directional cross radiation to enhance heating
  • the tumor lesions discovered by scalding lack the global hyperthermia thinking and radical cure concept.
  • hyperthermia devices are not equipped with accurate internal temperature measurement instruments. Hyperthermia cannot accurately control the temperature. For safety reasons, it is forced to lower the temperature at the expense of the effect of hyperthermia. Conservative irradiation also affects the real effect of hyperthermia equipment, so current hyperthermia devices have not achieved the expected results.
  • the optical fiber method which can accurately measure the temperature of certain positions in the body through invasive implantation. Although it is not subject to electromagnetic interference, it can be used for multi-point temperature measurement in the body. However, due to invasive implantation, it not only increases the patient’s pain and infection risk, but also is restricted by many factors. It cannot reach anywhere in the human body (such as the liver, lung, kidney and other organs). Temperature information of the location.
  • Another kind of nuclear magnetic resonance method uses magnetic resonance heat source imaging technology combined with big data to calculate through software. Although it can obtain the human body temperature information non-invasively, this method has large temperature measurement errors and is not conducive to precise temperature control.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a microwave and radio frequency coordinated rotation global irradiation thermotherapy system, which utilizes microwave and radio frequency rotary irradiation, combined with precise temperature measurement technology to realize the whole area of the human body with precise high fever and blanching.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a microwave radio frequency coordinated rotation global irradiation hyperthermia system, which mainly includes an intelligent control unit, a microwave rotary heating mechanism connected to the intelligent control unit, and a capacitive radio frequency rotation Heating mechanism, temperature measuring mechanism;
  • the capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism uses capacitive radio frequency rotary irradiation to heat up and heat each point of the human body with a lateral radius of 0-13 cm, forming a circular high temperature zone, and the temperature gradually decreases from the center to the outside;
  • the microwave rotary heating mechanism uses microwave rotary irradiation to form an annular high temperature layer with a thickness of 2 to 4 cm on the inner side of the fat, and the temperature gradually decreases from the outside to the inside;
  • the temperature measurement mechanism uses the accurate temperature data in the human body hyperthermia area obtained by optical fiber temperature measurement technology as a reference frame, and realizes non-invasive in vivo accurate temperature measurement through the cooperation of nuclear magnetic thermal imaging technology;
  • the intelligent control unit is used to coordinately control the microwave rotary heating mechanism and the capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism, rotate and irradiate the heating zone around the human body hyperthermia area, perform the complementary depth and layer diathermy, and combine the real-time accurate measurement of the temperature measurement mechanism.
  • the temperature is precisely controlled to achieve precise high-heat blanching in the whole area.
  • the microwave frequency selection range is 3000 MHz-300 MHz, and the radio frequency selection range is 300 MHz-1 MHz.
  • the temperature measurement mechanism includes a nuclear magnetic resonance instrument, an optical fiber temperature measurement device, and a data processing platform;
  • the nuclear magnetic resonance instrument is used to establish a temperature field distribution map library of each temperature corresponding to the hot spot according to the nuclear magnetic resonance scanning data, and to obtain the temperature field distribution map of the human body hyperthermia area by scanning;
  • the optical fiber temperature measuring device is used to obtain the temperature of several key points in the human body hyperthermia area as temperature calibration points by using non-invasive technology;
  • the data processing platform is used to combine the temperature field distribution map library scanned by the nuclear magnetic resonance instrument to calculate the temperature field distribution map scanned by the nuclear magnetic resonance instrument to obtain the scanning temperature data of each hot spot in the human hyperthermia area, and according to The accurate temperature data of the temperature calibration point is a reference, and the scanning temperature data is error corrected to obtain accurate temperature data of each hot spot in the hyperthermia zone.
  • the optical fiber temperature measurement device includes a signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, and a sensing optical fiber, and several optical fiber sensors are distributed on the sensing optical fiber.
  • the system also includes a translational heat-preservation bin, which is used to carry the human body to move back and forth in the internal space of the microwave rotary heating mechanism and the capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism.
  • the present invention also provides a temperature measurement method based on the temperature measurement mechanism, which includes the following steps:
  • S402 Obtain a temperature field distribution map of the human body hyperthermia area by scanning with an MRI;
  • S403 Use the optical fiber temperature measuring device to use non-invasive technology to obtain the temperature of several key points in the human body hyperthermia area as the temperature calibration point;
  • step S404 Combining the temperature field distribution map library obtained by scanning in step S401, calculate the temperature field distribution map obtained in step S402 to obtain the scanning temperature data of each point of the human body hyperthermia area, and according to the accurate temperature data of the temperature calibration point as a reference , Perform error correction on the calculated scanning temperature data at each point to obtain accurate temperature data at each point in the human body hyperthermia area.
  • the temperature field distribution map library established in step S401 includes the thermal imaging data and temperature values of each hot spot, and the thermal imaging data of each hot spot has a one-to-one correspondence with the temperature value.
  • the temperature data of the temperature calibration point includes accurate temperature values and location information
  • the temperature field distribution map includes thermal imaging information and location information of each point in the thermotherapy area
  • the temperature calibration point is at There are corresponding points in the temperature field distribution diagram.
  • the present invention uses microwave combined with capacitive radio frequency rotary irradiation to uniformly heat both internal and external repairs. It has a global hot-scalding thinking, which completely simulates the human body's high fever and kills cancer cells. It achieves accurate temperature measurement through nuclear magnetic temperature measurement with the help of optical fiber technology to ensure Accurate control of high fever and blanching, stable and controllable heating, patients can also withstand systemic and local treatments, the treatment effect is good, there is no damage to healthy tissues, and no adverse side effects;
  • the present invention takes advantage of the deeper radio frequency heating and adopts the rotary heating method to strengthen the scanning and heating of each point within the range of the lateral depth of the human body exceeding 6 cm, avoiding the problem of overheating of the surface fat layer caused by radio frequency radiation, and enabling the deep layer to be focused Reach high temperature
  • the present invention utilizes the microwave selective heating feature to avoid superficial fat layer to ensure that the fat will not overheat, and the defect of 2-6cm middle layer due to insufficient radio frequency rotation radiation heat is supplemented to achieve overall uniform heating;
  • the present invention not only realizes the non-invasive measurement of wide-area temperature in the body, greatly reduces the pain of patients, but also realizes accurate temperature measurement and improves the precision of thermotherapy temperature control. Ensure the safety and efficiency of hyperthermia;
  • the system of the present invention adopts pure physical precision temperature control hyperthermia, which is safe, convenient and efficient. It is applied in the field of tumor treatment. It can cure various solid tumors and keep normal tissues and organs intact. It is effective for tumor treatment. It is characterized by short time, less pain, low cost, etc., and a wide range of indications.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of the microwave radio frequency coordinated rotation global radiation thermotherapy system of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the effect of microwave static directional heating
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the effect of microwave rotation heating
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of radio frequency static unidirectional heating effect
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the effect of radio frequency static two-way heating
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the effect of radio frequency rotary heating
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the superimposed effect of microwave radio frequency rotary heating
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the effect of microwave and radio frequency rotation synergistic heating
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of the method of microwave and radio frequency coordinated rotation global irradiation thermotherapy.
  • a microwave radio frequency coordinated rotation global irradiation hyperthermia system which mainly includes an intelligent control unit, a microwave rotary heating mechanism connected to the intelligent control unit, a capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism, a temperature measurement mechanism, and a translational heat preservation chamber.
  • the capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism uses capacitive radio frequency rotary irradiation to heat up and heat each point of the human body with a lateral radius of 0-13 cm, forming a circular high temperature zone, and the temperature gradually decreases from the center to the outside.
  • the microwave rotary heating mechanism utilizes microwave rotary irradiation to form an annular high temperature layer with a thickness of 2 to 4 cm on the inner side of the fat, and the temperature gradually decreases from the outside to the inside.
  • the temperature measurement mechanism uses the internal temperature data of the human body obtained by the optical fiber temperature measurement technology as the reference frame, and realizes the non-invasive accurate temperature measurement in the body through the cooperation of the nuclear magnetic thermal imaging technology.
  • the translational heat preservation bin is used to carry the human body to move back and forth in the inner space of the microwave rotary heating mechanism and the capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism.
  • the intelligent control unit is used to cooperate with the microwave rotary heating mechanism and the capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism to rotate and irradiate the heating zone around the human body hyperthermia zone to perform depth-layered diathermy complementary, and at the same time combine the real-time accurate temperature measurement of the temperature measurement mechanism Carry out precise temperature control to achieve precise high-heat blanching in the whole area.
  • the temperature measurement mechanism includes a nuclear magnetic resonance instrument, an optical fiber temperature measurement device, and a data processing platform.
  • the nuclear magnetic resonance instrument is used to establish a temperature field distribution map library of each temperature corresponding to the hot spot according to the nuclear magnetic resonance scan data, and scan to obtain the temperature field distribution map of the human body hyperthermia area;
  • the optical fiber temperature measuring device is used for non-invasive The technology obtains the temperature of several key points in the body as the temperature calibration point;
  • the data processing platform is used to combine the temperature field distribution map library scanned by the nuclear magnetic resonance instrument to calculate the temperature field distribution map obtained by the nuclear magnetic resonance instrument scan
  • the scanned temperature data of each point in the human body hyperthermia area is corrected according to the temperature data of the temperature calibration point as a reference to correct the error of the scanned temperature data to obtain accurate temperature data of each point in the human body hyperthermia area.
  • the optical fiber temperature measurement device is a real-time, online, continuous point optical fiber temperature measurement system, which includes a signal acquisition unit, a signal processing unit, and a sensing fiber.
  • the sensing fiber is a multi-point temperature resistant to electromagnetic interference.
  • the sensor has several optical fiber sensors distributed on it.
  • a microwave radio frequency coordinated rotation global radiation heat therapy method includes the following steps:
  • the temperature measurement mechanism uses the optical fiber technology to obtain the internal temperature data of the human body as the reference frame, and uses the nuclear magnetic thermal imaging technology to perform non-invasive real-time and accurate temperature measurement in the body to achieve precise temperature control and achieve global precision high fever blanching.
  • the intelligent control unit cooperates with the microwave rotary heating mechanism and the capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism to rotate and irradiate the heating zone around the human body hyperthermia zone, and perform the complementary depth and layered heat penetration, and set and adjust the microwave and radio frequency according to the tolerance of the human body. Frequency and power, guide the translational heat preservation chamber with rotating radiation heating to move back and forth, so that the hyperthermia area of the human body can be heated quickly and generally evenly to 40°C—41°C;
  • the heating method of microwave combined with capacitive radio frequency rotary irradiation adopts a global irradiation ring to heat the body membrane of the human body.
  • the global irradiation ring is provided with one or more pairs of capacitor plates 1 and one or Two or more microwave magnetrons 2 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • One pair or more than two pairs of capacitor plates 1 are used for radio frequency heat transmission, and the frequency can be selected in the range of 1MHz-300MHz.
  • One or more than two microwave magnetrons 2 are used for microwave heating, and the frequency can be selected in the range of 300MHz-3000MHz.
  • the capacitor plate 1 is set individually, and the power is not less than 800W for heating, such as 1000W.
  • the total power is not less than 800W for heating. For example, two are set, one of which is 400W and the other is 500W.
  • the microwave magnetron 2 is set individually, and the power is not less than 600W for heating, such as 700W. If multiple microwave magnetrons 2 are set, the total power is not less than 600W, for example, two, one of which is 400W and the other is 300W.
  • the radio frequency heating is rotary heating to avoid the overheating of the surface fat layer caused by radio frequency radiation, and it can focus the deep layer to high temperature, and use microwave selective heating It uses rotary heating to avoid the superficial fat layer to ensure that the fat will not overheat.
  • the defect that the depth of 2-6cm in the middle ring zone is insufficient due to the insufficient heat of radio frequency rotation radiation is supplemented to achieve overall uniform heating.
  • the radio frequency should be 1MHz-300MHz electromagnetic waves, and the microwave should be microwave medium and low frequency electromagnetic waves of 300MHz-3000MHz.
  • a microwave magnetron 2 uses a 900MHz first set power of 700W (adjustable), a pair of capacitor plates 1 uses a 40MHz second set power of 1000W (adjustable), and a human body phantom with a radius of 13 cm instead of a real person Body section, where the outermost layer is a fat layer with a thickness of 2 cm, the middle layer of 2-6 cm is the muscle layer, and the other tissue layer is 6-13 cm. It is placed in an environment of 37.3°C, and the depth varies from center to edge.
  • Optical fiber sensor for temperature measurement is placed in an environment of 37.3°C, and the depth varies from center to edge.
  • the irradiated area directly opposite the magnetron is the local hyperthermia area.
  • the skin temperature outside the fat layer is used as the temperature measurement base point.
  • nuclear magnetic Temperature measurement uses fiber optic temperature measurement technology for precise temperature measurement.
  • the temperature rise is as follows: the epidermal temperature is 37.3°C, the fat layer is about 2 cm thick, not easy to heat, and the temperature is about 38°C.
  • the temperature of the muscle layer inside the fat layer varies with depth. Increase and decrease, from 43°C to 41.5°C. When the heating depth reaches 6 cm or more, the temperature drops sharply to below 38°C. This part of the temperature rise is related to heat conduction.
  • the irradiated area facing the magnetron rotating irradiation is an annular area.
  • a 4cm-thick annular high-temperature layer is formed in the inner layer of fat.
  • the skin temperature outside the fat layer is used as the temperature measurement base point.
  • the temperature measurement base point is used as the temperature measurement base point.
  • the temperature measurement result is that the fat layer is about 2 cm still difficult to heat, and the temperature is about 37.5°C.
  • the temperature of the muscle layer decreases as the depth increases, from 43°C to 41°C. When the heating depth exceeds 6 cm, the temperature drops below 39°C.
  • the radius of the heating circle section of the body membrane is 13 cm.
  • the belt-shaped area where a pair of capacitor plates 1 face each other is the effective heating area.
  • the fat layer dissipates slowly.
  • the temperature is the base point of temperature measurement.
  • Accurate temperature measurement is carried out through nuclear magnetic temperature measurement and optical fiber temperature measurement technology. The temperature measurement result is: when the temperature of the fat layer is heated to 42°C, the temperature of the muscle layer on the inner side of the fat layer decreases as the depth increases. The center of the section decreased from 42°C to 41°C.
  • the cross-belt-shaped area where the two pairs of capacitor plates 1 face each other is the effective heating area.
  • the fat layer dissipates slowly.
  • the outer skin temperature of the fat layer is used as the base point for temperature measurement.
  • Optical fiber temperature measurement technology performs precise temperature measurement. The temperature measurement result is: when the temperature of the fat layer is heated to 42°C, the temperature of the muscle layer on the inner side of the fat layer decreases with the increase in depth, from 42°C to 41.5°C, but the cross belt
  • the temperature of the central overlapping area of the ridge-shaped area rose to 43°C.
  • the central temperature is the base point of temperature measurement, and the temperature measurement by nuclear magnetic Optical fiber temperature measurement technology performs precise temperature measurement.
  • the result of temperature measurement is: when the central area is heated to 43°C, the temperature of the heating circular section increases with the increase in depth, from the central area to the fat layer from 43°C to 39°C, static The problem of overheating of the fat layer in the state is improved by rotating heating and becomes a relatively low-heat zone.
  • FIG. 7 shows the effect diagram after the microwave rotating irradiation and the radio frequency rotating irradiation are synchronized or overlapped with heat, that is, the superimposed diagrams of FIG. 3 and FIG. 6.
  • precise temperature measurement is carried out by nuclear magnetic temperature measurement with the help of optical fiber temperature measurement technology.
  • the temperature in the central area reaches about 42.5°C
  • the fat layer is about 2 cm still in the low temperature zone, about 38°C, and the inner side of the fat layer
  • the temperature of each tissue is maintained at a range of 40-42°C, showing a state of uneven temperature distribution.
  • Figure 8 shows the heating effect diagram of the global radiant ring after it continues to slowly supplement heat and conduct heat.
  • the entire heating circle section is slowly supplemented by reducing the power of microwave and radio frequency. After a period of slow supplementation, the temperature is gradually increased while the temperature difference between the tissues is eliminated, and the temperature is gradually increased after a certain period of time. Time to consolidate the effect of hyperthermia.
  • the intelligent control unit slows down the heating speed by adjusting the power of the microwave rotary heating mechanism and the capacitive radio frequency rotary heating mechanism to supplement the heat of the body film hyperthermia zone, and it takes no less than 10 minutes for each temperature rise of 1°C;
  • a pair of capacitor plates 1 and a microwave magnetron 2 are slowly supplemented with heat at a third set power and a fourth set power, for example, 100W.
  • the intelligent control unit After the temperature of the body membrane hyperthermia area rises to 42°C, the intelligent control unit further controls to slow down the heating speed, combined with the heat conduction between the adjacent tissues of the body membrane, so that the internal temperature of the body membrane is gradually uniform and accurate to 43°C, and maintains this Body temperature balance; based on real-time temperature measurement data, the intelligent control unit maintains a relatively constant temperature in the hyperthermia area for 30-60 minutes without breaking the human body's temperature tolerance limit;
  • the internal temperature data of the body membrane obtained by the optical fiber temperature measurement technology is the reference frame, and the non-invasive in-vivo precise temperature measurement is realized through the use of nuclear magnetic thermal imaging technology, and the temperature measurement data is transmitted to the intelligent control unit to accurately control the body membrane hyperthermia in real time
  • the zone temperature does not exceed the tolerance limit. It includes the following steps:
  • S401 Scanning each temperature hot spot in a certain temperature range (20°C-80°C) using NMR scanning data, and establishing a temperature field distribution map library corresponding to each temperature;
  • the temperature field distribution map library must be composed of infinite continuous hotspot thermal imaging data in a set interval. In actual operation, according to the accuracy requirements, a large number of NMR scanning imaging data statistics can be used to generate a thermal imaging information data composed of discontinuous hotspots.
  • the map library as a standard reference system, ensures that the temperature distribution map obtained by each NMR scan has no excessive deviation.
  • the thermal imaging map data information has a one-to-one correspondence with its temperature value, which can be represented by two-dimensional coordinates.
  • S402 Obtain the temperature field distribution map of each hot spot in the patient's hyperthermia area (the composition of important hot spots can be selected according to the accuracy requirements) by scanning with an MRI;
  • the temperature field distribution map includes thermal imaging information and location information of each hot spot in the hyperthermia area (important hot spots can be selected according to the accuracy requirements).
  • the image information is a computer language containing temperature information, and the location information can adopt three-dimensional coordinates. form.
  • S403 Use the optical fiber temperature measuring device to use non-invasive technology to obtain the temperature of several key points in the human body hyperthermia area as the temperature calibration point;
  • the sensing optical fiber is non-invasively guided into the gastrointestinal tract, trachea, bladder, uterus, ear chamber and other tissue cavities in the patient's treatment area from the anus, nose, nose, urethra, or ear canal, so as to avoid direct minimally invasive surgery on the human body
  • the temperature measuring fiber is introduced into the human body to cause trauma.
  • the temperature calibration point and its temperature reference reference include accurate temperature data and position information.
  • the temperature calibration points obtained by the sensing optical fiber have corresponding points in the temperature distribution map, and the changes of the temperature values of both of them often lead to the same error in the same direction due to the change of objective factors.
  • step S404 Combining the temperature field distribution map library obtained by scanning in step S401, calculate the temperature field distribution map obtained in step S402 to obtain the scanning temperature data of each hot spot in the hyperthermia area, and according to the temperature data at the temperature calibration point as a reference, correct The calculated scanning temperature data of each point is used for error correction, and the accurate temperature data of each hot spot in the hyperthermia area is obtained.
  • the precise temperature of point A on the sensing fiber measured by the optical fiber temperature measurement mechanism is assumed to be 40°C
  • the position of the magnetic resonance scan of point A in the temperature field distribution map is point A', which is compared with the temperature field distribution map library.
  • the scanning temperature is 39.4°C, and the error correction value of both is +0.6°C. If the position in the temperature field distribution diagram is point B', the corresponding scanning temperature is 39.9°C, then the accurate temperature after error correction at this point is 40.5 °C.
  • the heating method of microwave combined with capacitive radio frequency rotary irradiation still uses a global irradiation ring to heat the human body.
  • the global irradiation ring is provided with a pair of capacitor plates 1 and a pair of capacitor plates 1 in the circumferential direction.
  • Microwave magnetrons 2 arranged at intervals.
  • a pair of capacitor plates 1 are used for radio frequency heat transmission, and the frequency can be selected in the range of 5MHz-200MHz.
  • the microwave magnetron 2 is used for microwave heating, and its frequency can be selected in the range of 300MHz-3000MHz.
  • step S101 the two pairs of capacitor plates 1 are heated with the first and second set powers, such as 800W, 300W, and the two microwave magnetrons 2 are heated with the third and fourth set powers, such as 500W, 200W, and the center
  • the regional temperature and the muscle layer under the fat layer are the limit temperature points for temperature calibration.
  • step S102 the two pairs of capacitor plates 1 and the two microwave magnetrons 2 are both set to a low power, such as 80W, to slowly supplement the heat.
  • steps S1-S4 as in Example 1 to perform global heating of the affected body, not only the body surface, but also the deep organs can be accurately and easily heated, realizing accurate high fever and blanching throughout the body .
  • the content of each step S1-S4 will not be repeated here.
  • the heating parameters need to be selected by the physician according to factors such as human body constitution.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，主要包括智能控制单元、与智能控制单元相连的微波旋转加热机构、容性射频旋转加热机构、测温机构；利用智能控制单元协同微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构，围绕人体热疗区旋转辐照分区加热，进行深浅分层透热互补，实现人体热疗区内各组织的均匀加热；同时利用测温机构借助光纤技术获得的人体内部温度数据为参照系，通过核磁热成像技术配合进行无创体内实时精准测温，达到精准控制温度，实现全域精准高烧热烫。

Description

微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗领域，特别是涉及一种微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统。
背景技术
众所周知，手术、化疗、放疗是治疗癌症的最常规方法，它们单独或互相配合对于早期未转移扩散的肿瘤根治具有良好的疗效，但对于中晚期肿瘤治疗往往效果很差，最终难以阻止转移扩散。所以世界各国医疗界的科研人员长期以来一直都致力于寻找和探索新的治疗途径。历史上记载德国医生Busch在1866年曾关注到他的一个癌症患者没有进行任何抗癌治疗，却因丹毒感染引发的高烧意外让癌症消失，首次提出高烧能够治愈癌症的热疗学说。1893年Coley在《美国医学杂志》上发表了他研究的“发热疗法”,实验性地给肿瘤患者注射化脓性链球菌及绿脓杆菌混合提取物(即丹毒毒素,也称Coley毒素)，诱发患者发热38.0～40.2℃，38例晚期恶性肿瘤患者，其中12例肿瘤完全消退，19例获好转，5年生存率达到60％。1918年Robdendury报告从搜集到的166例未经任何治疗自行消退的恶性肿瘤中发现其中有72例伴有严重感染并发高热的病史。1957年Selawry综合各家文献经病理证实的450例自行消退的恶性肿瘤,发现其中至少有150例患有疟疾、伤寒而诱发高热的病史。上世纪八十年代日本医学博士石原结实发表《体温决定生老病死》，提出超过39℃的温度可烫死癌细胞的观点。1985年FDA(美国食品和药品管理局)认证，热疗是继手术、放疗、化疗、生物治疗后的第五大肿瘤治疗手段，并且指出热疗是一种绿色疗法！之后许多国家都积极开展研究，采取各种加热手段，对热疗学说进行验证，相续取得的成果无不证明热疗是治疗癌症的难得手段，开发热疗设备具有很好的前景。
本发明人综合各方面研究成果认为，要实现肿瘤的根治，弄清热疗治病机理、寻找全域热疗技术、优选高烧热烫最佳温度区间、保证精准控温成为技术攻关的四大难题。
本发明人还经过对癌细胞深入研究发现，由于基因突变癌细胞组织分化快、生长失控，具有无限增殖能力，正常情况下就需要从外界吸收大量营养，输入超量的氧，在遭遇高热情况时其应激反应是呼吸会迅速加剧，由于癌细胞基因突变存在的组织血管混乱梗阻等变异缺陷，难以适应高热情况下癌细胞对氧的超量需求，结果会引起厌氧呼吸应激，厌氧产生的大量乳酸集聚来不及外排导致癌细胞组织的酸化，这些酸化物质对癌细胞组织产生致命性危害：酸性环境会抑制癌细胞蛋白质和染色体复制导致增殖功能失 灵，此时癌细胞虽能继续生存下来没被烫死，但不再分化增殖，相当于失去复制功能，陷入的是一种凋亡状态，这种失去活性的癌细胞随后通过两个途径被淘汰：一是随着新陈代谢一个一个会不断地死去，二是因其酸性特征更易被淋巴等免疫细胞识别消灭。所以高烧热烫对癌细胞的打击是一种不可逆的灭杀，一次或多次热疗可以达到根治的效果。在人体耐受温度区间(47℃以内)，温度越高，癌细胞厌氧呼吸应激越强烈，癌细胞组织酸化引起的凋亡越彻底，超过42℃的高烧热烫超过30分钟，癌细胞凋亡率超过90％，但温度超过43℃，高烧对人体正常细胞危害也会越来越严重，所以最佳高温热烫的温度区间应选42℃—43℃，最高极限不宜超过43℃。43℃是癌细胞与人体正常细胞耐受的温度差异，它能使癌细胞失去活性而对正常细胞损害较小，这为热疗根治肿瘤提供了可能。
深入研究发现，现行的各种肿瘤热疗手段虽然都有一定的可行性，但也都存在着这样那样的问题和缺陷，不同程度地影响了最终疗效，导致现有热疗技术都难以根治肿瘤。为便于改进工艺开发更科学合理的热疗技术，我们对现行的各种热疗手段进行了系统的分析研究，找出了问题症结，提出了改进思路。
目前热疗手段分两大类：一类是非设备类热疗手段，多是借鉴最原始的麻疹或疟疾虫感染高烧治癌案例，给癌症患者注射“毒素”诱导感染发烧，以烧死癌细胞，这些方法有确切效果，但风险难控，无法推广。另一类是设备类热疗手段，通过设备给热来烫杀癌细胞。根据加热方式不同，设备类热疗手段又分以下几种：
其一是太空舱肿瘤热疗系统，让患者置于太空舱中通过红外线或高温蒸汽进行热疗，这虽是一种全域加热的思路，但由于人体具有自我防御的功能，通过出汗抵抗外部高温，保证人体内部恒温，所以红外线或高温蒸汽对人体透热效果差，人体深部难以达到高温，这种设备仅对浅层未转移扩散的肿瘤有效；
其二是肿瘤微波热疗装置，从理论上看微波以下四个特性非常适合制作肿瘤热疗仪：①加热的穿透性好：可使介质内部、外部同时均匀升温；②选择加热：仅对含水组织生热，而对脂肪、蛋白等含水少的组织几乎穿透而过不生热；③热惯性小，说停就停，有利于精准控温；④非电离性：微波对人体的影响只是物理热效应，没有化学危害。但从江苏诺万医疗设备有限公司开发的N-9001微波肿瘤治疗仪(915MHz)和湖南佑立医疗科技有限公司开发的UNI-3000微波热疗仪(2450MHz)实际应用来看存在微波热疗的技术缺陷，深入研究发现其根源在于：首先微波透热深度不够，通常不超过6cm (含脂肪厚度)，定向加热覆盖区间很小，仅限于浅表性未转移扩散的肿瘤治疗；
其三是肿瘤射频热疗装置，这是基于微波热疗技术缺陷研究、改进开发的一种新型电磁热疗装置，虽然突破了透热深度的限制，但应用疗效仍不乐观，难于根治扩散转移的肿瘤。通过对吉林迈达NRL-003(30-40MHz差频)、日本FR-8(8MHz)、美国BSD-2000W(60～120MHz)等各种射频热疗装置深入研究，发现这些射频热疗装置都存在两个方面的共性问题：首先射频加热易导致浅表的脂肪层过热，必须用水袋贴合进行冷却处理，其次现行的射频热疗装置采取多组容性射频加热机构定向交叉辐射以强化升温烫杀发现的肿瘤病灶，缺乏全域热疗思维和根治理念。
本发明人2017年申请的《一种癌症治疗仪》(公开号CN106823152A)和2019年申请的《一种肿瘤卧式微波全域热疗装置》(公开号CN110694178A)，两个装置虽然均引进了全域治疗理念，但由于单一的微波热疗透热深度不够，即使采用了旋转加热方式，也只能在脂肪层内侧形成一个不超过4cm厚的环状高温层，并且温度从外向内逐渐降低，只能灭杀位于该浅层的未转移肿瘤，不能用于深部肿瘤治疗。微波静止定向加热与微波旋转加热的效果对比示意图如图2和图3所示。
另外，实地调研还发现当今人体内部测温技术存在短板，各种热疗设备均没有配备精准的体内测温仪器，热疗无法精准控温，出于安全考虑被迫降低温度牺牲热疗效果进行保守辐照，也影响了热疗设备真实效果，所以目前的热疗仪装置均没有取得预期效果。
目前，适用于体内抗电磁干扰的测温的只有两种，一种是光纤法，通过有创置入可以精准地测量体内某些位置温度，虽然不受电磁干扰，可进行体内多点测温，但由于有创置入时，不仅增加了患者的痛楚和感染风险，而且会受到很多因素制约，不能随意达到人体任意地方(如肝、肺、肾等器官内部)，所以无法获得人体内部所有位置的温度信息。另一种核磁共振法，利用磁共振热源成像技术结合大数据通过软件计算，虽然能够无创获得人体内温度信息，但该种方法测温误差较大，不利于精准控温。
深度研究发现，共振热源成像测温误差多是由于电压、湿度、磁场和主机工作温度等环境因素变化导致的，这些因素变化导致的误差存在同向等值偏差特性，这一发现为利用光纤测温技术修正磁共振热源成像测温误差找到了依据，也有利于发明出一种体内精准无损测温的方法。
基于以上分析可以看出当前亟需提供一种新型的微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗方法来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，利用微波与射频旋转辐照，结合精准测温技术实现人体全域精准高烧热烫。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，主要包括智能控制单元、与智能控制单元相连的微波旋转加热机构、容性射频旋转加热机构、测温机构；
所述容性射频旋转加热机构，利用容性射频旋转辐照，对人体横向半径0—13cm各点升温加热，形成圆形高温区，温度从中心向外逐渐降低；
所述微波旋转加热机构，利用微波旋转辐照，在脂肪内侧形成厚2—4cm的环状高温层，温度从外向内逐渐降低；
所述测温机构，借助光纤测温技术获得的人体热疗区内精准温度数据为参照系，通过核磁热成像技术配合实现无创体内精准测温；
所述智能控制单元，用于协同控制微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构，围绕人体热疗区旋转辐照分区加热，进行深浅分层透热互补，同时结合测温机构的实时精准测温进行温度精准控制，实现全域精准高烧热烫。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，微波频率选择范围为3000MHz—300MHz，射频频率选择范围为300MHz—1MHz。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述测温机构包括核磁共振仪、光纤测温装置、数据处理平台；
所述核磁共振仪，用于根据核磁共振扫描数据建立每个温度对应热点的温度场分布图谱库，以及扫描获得人体热疗区的温度场分布图；
所述光纤测温装置，用于采用无创技术得到人体热疗区内若干关键点的温度作为温度标定点；
所述数据处理平台，用于结合核磁共振仪扫描获得的温度场分布图谱库，对核磁共振仪扫描得到的所述温度场分布图计算得出人体热疗区各热点的扫描温度数据，并依照温度标定点的精准温度数据为参照基准，对所述扫描温度数据进行误差修正，得到热疗 区内各热点精准温度数据。
进一步的，所述光纤测温装置包括信号采集单元、信号处理单元、传感光纤，传感光纤上分布有若干个光纤传感器。
更进一步的，该系统还包括平移保温仓，所述平移保温仓用于携带人体在微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构内部空间往复移动。
本发明还提供一种基于所述测温机构的测温方法，包括以下步骤：
S401：利用核磁共振扫描数据，建立每个温度对应热点的温度场分布图谱库；
S402：通过核磁共振仪扫描获得人体热疗区域的温度场分布图；
S403：利用光纤测温装置采用无创技术得到人体热疗区内若干关键点的温度作为温度标定点；
S404：结合步骤S401扫描获得的温度场分布图谱库，对步骤S402得到的所述温度场分布图计算得出人体热疗区域各点扫描温度数据，并依照温度标定点的精准温度数据为参照基准，对计算所得各点扫描温度数据进行误差修正，得到人体热疗区域各点精准温度数据。
进一步的，在步骤S401中建立的温度场分布图谱库包括各热点的热成像数据、温度数值，各热点的热成像数据与温度数值是一一对应关系。
进一步的，在步骤S404中，所述温度标定点的温度数据包括精准温度值、位置信息，所述温度场分布图包括热疗区各点的热成像信息、位置信息，所述温度标定点在所述温度场分布图中均有对应点。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明利用微波联合容性射频旋转辐照，内外兼修均匀加热，具有全域热烫思维，完全模拟人体高烧烫杀癌细胞，通过核磁测温借助光纤技术实现精准测温，确保了精准控制高烧热烫，加温稳定、可控，患者亦能承受全身和局部的治疗，治疗效果好，对健康组织没有损害，无不良副作用；
(2)本发明利用射频加热较深的优势，采用旋转加热方式，加强对人体内横向深度超过6cm范围内各点扫描加热，避免射频辐射引起的表面脂肪层过热问题，又能使深层得到聚焦达到高温；
(3)本发明利用微波选择性加热特点，避开浅表的脂肪层，确保脂肪不会过热，对2—6cm中层因射频旋转辐照热量不够的缺陷，进行补热，实现总体均匀加热；
(4)本发明通过将核磁共振热成像技术与光纤测温技术相结合，不仅实现体内广域温度的无创测定，大大减轻患者的痛楚，而且实现了精准测温，提高热疗控温精度，确保热疗安全高效；
(5)本发明所述系统采用纯物理精准控温热疗方式，安全、便捷、高效，应用在肿瘤治疗领域，既能根治各种实体瘤又能保持正常组织器官完好无损，对肿瘤治疗具有时间短、痛苦小、费用低等特点，适应症范围较广。
附图说明
图1是本发明微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统的结构框图；
图2是微波静止定向加热效果示意图；
图3是微波旋转加热效果示意图；
图4是射频静止单向加热效果示意图；
图5是射频静止双向加热效果示意图；
图6是射频旋转加热效果示意图；
图7是微波射频旋转加热叠加效果示意图；
图8是微波射频旋转协同加热效果示意图；
图9是所述微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗方法的流程示意图；
附图中各部件的标记如下：1、电容极板，2、微波磁控管。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
请参阅图1，一种微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，主要包括智能控制单元、与智能控制单元相连的微波旋转加热机构、容性射频旋转加热机构、测温机构、平移保温仓。
所述容性射频旋转加热机构，利用容性射频旋转辐照，对人体横向半径0—13cm各点升温加热，形成圆形高温区，温度从中心向外逐渐降低。所述微波旋转加热机构，利用微波旋转辐照，在脂肪内侧形成厚2—4cm的环状高温层，温度从外向内逐渐降低。所述测温机构，借助光纤测温技术获得的人体内部温度数据为参照系，通过核磁热成像技术配合实现无创体内精准测温。所述平移保温仓用于携带人体在微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构内部空间往复移动。所述智能控制单元，用于协同微波旋转加热 机构与容性射频旋转加热机构，围绕人体热疗区旋转辐照分区加热，进行深浅分层透热互补，同时结合测温机构的实时精准测温进行温度精准控制，实现全域精准高烧热烫。
进一步的，所述测温机构包括核磁共振仪、光纤测温装置、数据处理平台。所述核磁共振仪，用于根据核磁共振扫描数据建立每个温度对应热点的温度场分布图谱库，以及扫描获得人体热疗区的温度场分布图；所述光纤测温装置，用于采用无创技术得到体内若干关键点的温度作为温度标定点；所述数据处理平台，用于结合核磁共振仪扫描获得的温度场分布图谱库，对核磁共振仪扫描得到的所述温度场分布图计算得出人体热疗区内各点的扫描温度数据，并依照温度标定点的温度数据为参照基准，对所述扫描温度数据进行误差修正，得到人体热疗区各点精准温度数据。
优选的，所述光纤测温装置为一种实时、在线、连续点光纤温度测量系统，其包括信号采集单元、信号处理单元、传感光纤，传感光纤是一种抗电磁干扰的多点温度传感器，其上分布有若干个光纤传感器。
一种微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗方法，包括以下步骤：
利用智能控制单元协同微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构，围绕人体热疗区旋转辐照分区加热，进行深浅分层透热互补，实现人体热疗区内各组织的均匀加热；同时利用测温机构借助光纤技术获得的人体内部温度数据为参照系，通过核磁热成像技术配合进行无创体内实时精准测温，达到精准控制温度，实现全域精准高烧热烫。
请参阅图9，下面结合具体实施例来说明本方法的具体步骤。
实施例1：
S1：智能控制单元协同利用微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构围绕人体热疗区旋转辐照分区加热，进行深浅分层透热互补，根据人体耐受程度设定、调节微波与射频的频率与功率，引导平移保温仓配合旋转辐照加热往返平移，使人体热疗区快速加热大体均匀升温到40℃—41℃；
本实施例中，微波联合容性射频旋转辐照的加热方式采用全域辐照环对人体体膜进行全域加热，该全域辐照环上设有一对或二对以上电容极板1和与一个或两个以上微波磁控管2在圆周方向间隔布置。一对或二对以上电容极板1用于射频透热，其频率可选范围1MHz—300MHz。一个或两个以上微波磁控管2用于微波加热，其频率可选范围300MHz—3000MHz。电容极板1单个设置，功率不低于800W加热，例如1000W，若设置多个，则功率总和不低于800W加热，例如设置两个，其中一个为400W，另一 个500W。微波磁控管2单个设置，功率不低于600W加热，例如700W，若微波磁控管2设置多个，则功率总和不低于600W，例如设置两个，其中一个为400W，另一个300W。
利用射频加热较深的优势对半径0—13cm各点均匀加热，且射频加热为旋转加热，避免射频辐射引起的表面脂肪层过热问题，又能使深层得到聚焦达到高温，同时利用微波选择性加热的特点，采用旋转加热，避开浅表的脂肪层，确保脂肪不会过热，对深度2—6cm中层环状区因射频旋转辐照热量不够的缺陷，进行补热，实现总体均匀加热。射频宜选频率为1MHz—300MHz电磁波，微波宜选微波中低频300MHz—3000MHz的电磁波。
下面结合本实施例以一组人体体膜加热效果图对本发明的全域加热机理进行描述。
一个微波磁控管2采用900MHz第一设定功率700W(可调)，一对电容极板1采用40MHz第二设定功率1000W(可调)，以半径13厘米的圆截面人体体模代替真人身体截面，其中，最外层为2厘米厚度的脂肪层，2—6cm中层为肌肉层，6—13cm为其他组织层，将其置于37.3℃的环境中，由中心至边缘随深度不同布置光纤传感器测温。
如图2所示，磁控管正对的辐照区域为局部热疗区域，以脂肪层外侧的表皮温度为测温基点，在将脂肪层里侧的肌肉层加热至43℃时，通过核磁测温借助光纤测温技术进行精准测温，其温升规律如下：表皮温度为37.3℃，脂肪层厚约2厘米，不易加热，温度约为38℃，脂肪层里侧的肌肉层温度随深度增加而降低，从43℃降低至41.5℃，当加热深度达到6厘米以上时，温度陡降为38℃以下，这部分温升与热传导有关。
如图3所示，磁控管旋转辐照正对的辐照区域为环形区域，在脂肪内层形成一个4cm厚的环状高温层，以脂肪层外侧的表皮温度为测温基点，在将脂肪层里侧的肌肉层加热至43℃时，通过核磁测温借助光纤测温技术进行精准测温，测温结果是脂肪层约2厘米仍然不易加热，温度为37.5℃左右，脂肪层里侧的肌肉层温度随深度增加而降低，从43℃降低至41℃，当加热深度超过6厘米以上时，温度降到39℃以下。
如图4所示，该体膜加热圆截面的半径为13厘米，一对电容极板1相互面对体膜所经过的带状区域为有效加热区域，脂肪层散热慢，以脂肪层外侧表皮温度为测温基点，通过核磁测温借助光纤测温技术进行精准测温，测温结果是：在将脂肪层温度加热至42℃时，脂肪层里侧的肌肉层温度随深度增加而降低至截面中心，从42℃降低至41℃。
如图5所示，两对电容极板1相互面对体膜所经过的十字带状区域为有效加热区域， 脂肪层散热慢，以脂肪层外侧表皮温度为测温基点，通过核磁测温借助光纤测温技术进行精准测温，测温结果是：在将脂肪层温度加热至42℃时，脂肪层里侧的肌肉层温度随深度增加而降低，从42℃降低至41.5℃，但十字带状区域的中央重叠区域的温度升高到43℃。
如图6所示，一对电容极板1在对体膜单独旋转加热时，面对的辐照区域为半径13厘米的整个加热圆截面，以中心温度为测温基点，通过核磁测温借助光纤测温技术进行精准测温，测温结果是：在将中心区域加热至43℃时，加热圆截面的温度随深度增加而增高，从中心区域至脂肪层从43℃降至39℃，静止状态下脂肪层过热问题通过旋转加热得到改善，成为相对低热区。
图7示出了微波旋转辐照和射频旋转辐照同步或交叠加热后的效果图，即图3和图6的叠加图。同步或交叠加热后，通过核磁测温借助光纤测温技术进行精准测温，中心区域温度达到42.5℃左右时，脂肪层约2厘米仍为低温区，约38℃左右，脂肪层里侧的各组织温度维持在40-42℃之间不等，呈现温度分布不均匀的状态。
图8示出了全域辐射环继续缓慢补热和热传导后的加热效果图。整个加热圆截面通过降低微波与射频的功率进行缓慢补热，在缓慢补热一段时间后通过热传导，一边各组织间温度差得到消除，一边温度缓慢提升，最后呈均匀状态达到43℃后恒温一定时间，巩固热疗效果。
S2：智能控制单元通过调整微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构的功率放缓加热速度，对体膜热疗区进行补热，每升温1℃用时不少于10min；
本实施例中，一对电容极板1和微波磁控管2分别以第三设定功率和第四设定功率例如100W进行缓慢补热。
S3：体膜热疗区温度升至42℃后，智能控制单元进一步控制放缓加热速度，结合体膜相邻组织间的热传导作用，使体膜内部温度逐步均匀精准至43℃，并维持该体温平衡；智能控制单元根据实时测温数据，在保证不突破人体耐温极限前提下，维持热疗区内相对恒温30—60min；
S4：上述步骤中借助光纤测温技术获得的体膜内部温度数据为参照系，通过核磁热成像技术配合实现无创体内精准测温，测温数据传输至智能控制单元，实时精准控制体膜热疗区温度不超过耐受极限。具体包括以下步骤：
S401：利用核磁共振扫描数据对一定温度区间(20℃—80℃)各温度热点扫描， 建立每个温度对应热点的温度场分布图谱库；
温度场分布图谱库必须由设定区间内连续的无限个热点热成像数据组成，实际操作时，可根据精确度要求，通过大量的核磁扫描成像数据统计生成一个非连续热点组成的热成像信息数据图谱库，作为标准参考系，确保每次核磁共振扫描得到的温度分布图谱无过大偏差。
进一步的，所述温度场分布图谱库中，热成像图谱数据信息与其温度数值是一一对应关系，可用两维坐标体现。
S402：通过核磁共振仪扫描获得患者热疗区内各热点(可根据精确度要求选择重要热点组成)的温度场分布图；
所述温度场分布图包括热疗区内各热点(可根据精确度要求选择重要热点组成)的热成像信息、位置信息，图像信息为一种包含温度信息的计算机语言，位置信息可采用三维坐标的形式。
S403：利用光纤测温装置采用无创技术得到人体热疗区内若干关键点的温度作为温度标定点；
进一步的，所述传感光纤由肛门或口鼻或尿道或耳道无创导入患者治疗区内的胃肠道、气管、膀胱、子宫、耳庭等组织管腔内，避免对人体直接微创开刀等形式将测温光纤导入人体造成创伤。
进一步的，所述温度标定点及其温度参照基准包括精准温度数据、位置信息。所述传感光纤获得的温度标定点在所述温度分布图谱中均有对应点，两者温度值因客观因素变化往往导致同向等值误差。
S404：结合步骤S401扫描获得的温度场分布图谱库，对步骤S402得到的所述温度场分布图计算得出热疗区各热点扫描温度数据，并依照温度标定点的温度数据为参照基准，对计算所得各点扫描温度数据进行误差修正，得到热疗区各热点精准温度数据。
举例说明，若光纤测温机构测得传感光纤上A点精准温度假设是40℃，该A点磁共振扫描在温度场分布图中位置为A’点，与温度场分布图谱库对照得到的扫描温度是39.4℃，两者误差修正值是+0.6℃，若在温度场分布图中位置为B’点，对应的扫描温度是39.9℃,那么该点进行误差修正后的精准温度则是40.5℃。
实施例2：
本实施例中，微波联合容性射频旋转辐照的加热方式仍采用全域辐照环对人体进行 全域加热，该全域辐照环上设有一对电容极板1和与电容极板1在圆周方向间隔布置的微波磁控管2。一对电容极板1用于射频透热，其频率可选范围5MHz—200MHz。微波磁控管2用于微波加热，其频率可选范围300MHz—3000MHz。在步骤S101中，两对电容极板1以第一、第二设定功率例如800W、300W加热，两个微波磁控管2以第三、第四设定功率例如500W、200W加热，以中心区域温度和脂肪层下肌肉层为极限测温点进行温度标定。在步骤S102中，两对电容极板1和两个微波磁控管2均设置较小功率例如80W进行缓慢补热。
利用以上加热参数，采用如实施例1中步骤S1—S4对患体进行全域加热，不仅是体表部位，就连深部脏器都可很准确、很容易被加热，实现人体全域精准高烧热烫。各步骤S1—S4内容此处不做赘述。
以上全域加热方法中，加热参数需要医师根据人体体质等因素加以选择。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，其特征在于，主要包括智能控制单元、与智能控制单元相连的微波旋转加热机构、容性射频旋转加热机构、测温机构；
    所述容性射频旋转加热机构，利用容性射频旋转辐照，对人体横向半径0—13cm各点升温加热，形成圆形高温区，温度从中心向外逐渐降低；
    所述微波旋转加热机构，利用微波旋转辐照，在脂肪内侧形成厚2—4cm的环状高温层，温度从外向内逐渐降低；
    所述测温机构，借助光纤测温技术获得的人体热疗区内精准温度数据为参照系，通过核磁热成像技术配合实现无创体内精准测温；
    所述智能控制单元，用于协同控制微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构，围绕人体热疗区旋转辐照分区加热，进行深浅分层透热互补，同时结合测温机构的实时精准测温进行温度精准控制，实现全域精准高烧热烫。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，其特征在于，微波频率选择范围为3000MHz—300MHz，射频频率选择范围为300MHz—1MHz。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，其特征在于，所述测温机构包括核磁共振仪、光纤测温装置、数据处理平台；
    所述核磁共振仪，用于根据核磁共振扫描数据建立每个温度对应热点的温度场分布图谱库，以及扫描获得人体热疗区的温度场分布图；
    所述光纤测温装置，用于采用无创技术得到人体热疗区内若干关键点的温度作为温度标定点；
    所述数据处理平台，用于结合核磁共振仪扫描获得的温度场分布图谱库，对核磁共振仪扫描得到的所述温度场分布图计算得出人体热疗区各热点的扫描温度数据，并依照温度标定点的精准温度数据为参照基准，对所述扫描温度数据进行误差修正，得到热疗区各热点精准温度数据。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，其特征在于，所述光纤测温装置包括信号采集单元、信号处理单元、传感光纤，传感光纤上分布有若干个光纤传感器。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统，其特征在于，还包括平移保温仓，所述平移保温仓用于携带人体在微波旋转加热机构与容性射频旋转加热机构内部空间往复移动。
  6. 一种基于权利要求3所述测温机构的测温方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S401：利用核磁共振扫描数据，建立每个温度对应热点的温度场分布图谱库；
    S402：通过核磁共振仪扫描获得人体热疗区域的温度场分布图；
    S403：利用光纤测温装置采用无创技术得到人体热疗区内若干关键点的温度作为温度标定点；
    S404：结合步骤S401扫描获得的温度场分布图谱库，对步骤S402得到的所述温度场分布图计算得出人体热疗区域各点扫描温度数据，并依照温度标定点的精准温度数据为参照基准，对所述扫描温度数据进行误差修正，得到人体热疗区域各点精准温度数据。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的测温方法，其特征在于，在步骤S401中，建立的温度场分布图谱库包括各热点的热成像数据、温度数值，各热点的热成像数据与温度数值是一一对应关系。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的测温方法，其特征在于，在步骤S404中，所述温度标定点的温度数据包括精准温度值、位置信息，所述温度场分布图包括热疗区各热点的热成像信息、位置信息，所述温度标定点在所述温度场分布图中均有对应点。
PCT/CN2020/091361 2020-05-13 2020-05-20 微波射频协同旋转全域辐照热疗系统 WO2021227113A1 (zh)

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