WO2021223622A1 - 血管分流架及血管支架 - Google Patents

血管分流架及血管支架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021223622A1
WO2021223622A1 PCT/CN2021/090039 CN2021090039W WO2021223622A1 WO 2021223622 A1 WO2021223622 A1 WO 2021223622A1 CN 2021090039 W CN2021090039 W CN 2021090039W WO 2021223622 A1 WO2021223622 A1 WO 2021223622A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main body
sub
cavity
branch
film
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/090039
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭伟
王永胜
尚里曼
Original Assignee
杭州唯强医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010376175.8A external-priority patent/CN113693778A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202020727524.1U external-priority patent/CN213993852U/zh
Application filed by 杭州唯强医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 杭州唯强医疗科技有限公司
Priority to EP21800784.7A priority Critical patent/EP4147673A4/en
Publication of WO2021223622A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021223622A1/zh
Priority to US17/981,434 priority patent/US20230056469A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
    • A61B2017/1139—Side-to-side connections, e.g. shunt or X-connections
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A61F2002/061—Blood vessels provided with means for allowing access to secondary lumens
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/04—Hollow or tubular parts of organs, e.g. bladders, tracheae, bronchi or bile ducts
    • A61F2/06—Blood vessels
    • A61F2/07—Stent-grafts
    • A61F2002/075—Stent-grafts the stent being loosely attached to the graft material, e.g. by stitching
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0039—Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in diameter

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of implantable blood vessels, in particular to a vascular shunt and a vascular stent provided with the vascular shunt.
  • Aortic aneurysm refers to the local or diffuse abnormal expansion of the aortic wall, which compresses surrounding organs and causes symptoms. The main risk is rupture of the tumor. It often occurs in the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, the descending thoracic aorta, the thoracic abdominal aorta, and the abdominal aorta. According to the structure, aortic aneurysms can be divided into true aortic aneurysms and pseudo aortic aneurysms. The aortic aneurysm causes an increase in the internal pressure of the blood vessel, so it is progressively enlarged. If it develops for a long time, it will eventually rupture. The larger the tumor, the greater the possibility of rupture. According to statistics, without surgery, 90% of thoracic aortic aneurysms die within 5 years, and 75% of abdominal aortic aneurysms die within 5 years.
  • Aortic dissection is also a serious aortic disease.
  • Aortic dissection refers to the destruction of the media of the thoracic aorta, bleeding in the vessel wall, and blood entering between the media and adventitia of the vessel wall. Due to the impact of blood flow, once the aortic dissection is formed, the tear can extend in the direction of blood flow, the dissection and false cavity will expand, and the true cavity will be compressed. Therefore, the possible risks of patients with aortic dissection include: (1) the threat of complete rupture of the blood vessel, once the blood vessel is completely ruptured, the mortality rate is extremely high; (2) the dissection gradually expands and compresses the true cavity, so that the distal end of the blood vessel is supplied with blood. Reduce.
  • aortic dissection is secondary to the thoracic aortic aneurysm or coexists with the aortic aneurysm.
  • the Oxford Vascular Disease Research in the United Kingdom shows that the incidence of aortic dissection in the natural population is about 6/100,000 per year. There are more men than women, and the average age of onset is 63 years old. The incidence of aortic dissection in my country is much higher than that in European and American countries, and the age of onset is relatively younger.
  • Aortic diseases may involve branch arteries, and once branch arteries are involved, it will be difficult to solve them through interventional methods.
  • arterial endovascular treatment has been carried out at home and abroad, that is, a minimally invasive method is used to insert grafts or arterial stents into the diseased artery through the vascular lumen to treat arterial diseases and improve blood supply, so as to achieve the purpose of treatment.
  • the arterial stent in the blood vessel lumen is composed of a tubular rigid wire stent and a polymer film fixed on the outside of the tubular rigid wire stent.
  • the tubular rigid wire stent is formed into a ring shape by Z-folded rigid wires with elasticity.
  • the stent graft When in use, the stent graft is axially compressed and then loaded into the transporter. The transporter passes through the smaller femoral artery, iliac artery, and The brachial artery is sent to the diseased artery and then released. Due to the elasticity of the wire stent, it automatically returns to a straight tube and closely adheres to the inner wall of the aorta, isolating the diseased part of the artery from the blood flow, thereby achieving the purpose of treatment.
  • stents related to arterial branch therapy include chimney stents, integrated multi-branch stents, and window stents; however, these stents are limited by the structure of the stent, and it is often inconvenient to insert sub-branch stents.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a vascular shunt that facilitates the insertion of a sub-branch stent, and a vascular stent provided with the vascular shunt.
  • a vascular shunt which includes a main body tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the lumen of the main body tube, the main body tube includes a tubular body covering film, At least one branch tube includes a tubular branch covering film, the branch covering film is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main body covering film, and a second end is provided between the distal end of the main body covering film and the distal end of the branch covering film.
  • the angle between the plane enclosed by a sub-cavity opening and the plane enclosed by the main cavity opening is greater than 0 degrees.
  • the present application also provides a blood vessel stent, which includes a main body stent, a sub-branch stent, and a blood vessel shunt.
  • the blood vessel shunt includes a main tube and at least one branch tube axially inserted into the lumen of the main tube,
  • the main body tube includes a tubular main body covering film, at least one branch tube includes a tubular branch covering film, the branch covering film is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main body covering film, and the distal end of the main body covering film is
  • a first sealing film is provided between the distal ends of the branch covering film to separate the inner cavity of the main body covering film into a main cavity port and at least one first sub-cavity port, and the first sub-cavity port is hermetically connected to the sub-cavity port.
  • the angle between the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity and the plane enclosed by the main cavity is greater than 0 degrees; one end of the main body stent passes through the first
  • the main cavity on the sealing film is inserted into the main body tube of the blood vessel shunt, and one end of the sub-branch stent passes through the sub-cavity on the first sealing film and is inserted into the branch pipe.
  • a first sealing membrane is provided between the distal end of the main body covering membrane and the distal end of the branch covering membrane to separate the inner cavity of the main body covering membrane into a main cavity And at least one first sub-cavity, the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity intersects the plane enclosed by the main cavity, and the distal end of the branch covering is sealingly connected to the first sub-cavity Around.
  • main cavity port and the first sub-cavity port are not on the same plane, that is, the main cavity port and the first sub-cavity port have different orientations, which facilitates the insertion of the main body stent and the sub-branch stent into the corresponding
  • the main cavity mouth and the first sub-cavity mouth are convenient for operation and use.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a side view of the vascular shunt in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the sub-tubes in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt in FIG. 4 from another perspective.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt in FIG. 6 from another perspective.
  • Fig. 8 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of the leak-proof component and branch pipe of the vascular shunt provided in the third embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the leak-proof member of the vascular shunt provided in the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the third embodiment of the present application in a use state.
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in Fig. 10.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt in FIG. 12 from another perspective.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of one of the leak-proof parts in FIG. 12.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of one of the leak-proof parts of the vascular shunt provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided by the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided by the eighth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided by the ninth embodiment of the present application.
  • 21 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided by the tenth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the eleventh embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the twelfth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided by the thirteenth embodiment of the present application.
  • 25 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided in the fourteenth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided by the fifteenth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the sub-body tubes in FIG. 26.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the corrugated support in FIG. 27.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt provided by the sixteenth embodiment of the present application.
  • proximal end in this application refers to the end close to the heart position
  • distal end refers to the end far away from the heart position.
  • high and low mentioned in this application are relative to the main body tube coating.
  • the end surface that exceeds the main body tube coating film is called high, and the end surface that does not exceed the main body tube coating film end surface is called low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100 provided by the first embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the vascular shunt 100 in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is FIG. 1
  • the present application provides a vascular shunt 100, which includes a main body tube 20 and at least one branch tube 30 axially inserted into the lumen of the main body tube 20.
  • the main body tube 20 includes a tubular main body covering film 22, and at least one branch tube 30 includes a tube shape.
  • the branch covering film 31, the branch covering film 31 is accommodated in the inner cavity of the main body covering film 22, and a first sealing film 50 is provided between the distal end of the main body covering film 22 and the distal end of the branch covering film 31 to cover the main body
  • the inner cavity of the membrane 22 separates a main cavity port 52 and at least one first sub-cavity port 54.
  • the first sub-cavity port 54 is hermetically connected to the distal end of the branch membrane 31.
  • the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity port 54 is connected to the main
  • the angle between the planes enclosed by the cavity 52 is greater than 0 degrees, that is, the plane enclosed by the first subcavity 54 is not parallel to the plane enclosed by the main cavity 52, that is, the plane enclosed by the first subcavity 54 Intersecting the plane enclosed by the main cavity 52, when the non-parallel main cavity 52 and the sub-cavities are not completely released during the stent implantation process, they can be distinguished more easily, which is convenient for the surgeon to identify the two.
  • the vascular shunt 100 provided by the present application is provided with a first sealing film 50 between the distal end of the main body covering 22 and the distal end of the branch covering 22 to separate the inner cavity of the main body covering 22 from a main cavity 52 And at least one first sub-cavity 54.
  • the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity 54 intersects the plane enclosed by the main cavity 52, and the distal end of the branch covering 31 is hermetically connected to the first sub-cavity 54 around.
  • the main cavity port 52 and the first sub-cavity port 54 are not on the same plane, that is, the orientation of the main cavity port 52 and the first sub-cavity port 54 are different, the main cavity port 52 is arranged on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube 20, which is convenient
  • the main body stent is implanted and stably fixes the main body stent.
  • the sub-lumen 54 is arranged on a plane that is not perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube 20, that is, it is arranged obliquely with respect to the main lumen 52.
  • the inclined sub-lumen 54 is more conducive to the entry of the guide wire and the delivery branch stent sheath, thereby It is more convenient and quick to implant the branch stent; in addition, the main cavity port 52 and the sub-cavity port 54 are arranged on different planes, that is, they have different orientations, and it is also more convenient for the main stent and the sub-branch stent (ie branch stent) to be inserted from different positions The corresponding main cavity port 52 and the first sub-cavity port 54 are convenient for operation and use.
  • the plane enclosed by the main cavity 52 is perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube 20, and the angle between the plane enclosed by the first subcavity 54 and the axis of the main body tube 20 is less than 90 degrees.
  • the first sealing film 50 obliquely extends proximally from the middle of the main cavity 52 to the inner surface connected to the main body tube 20, so that the angle between the first sealing film 50 and the axis of the main body tube 20 is less than 90 degrees. Since the first sub-cavity 54 is opened on the first sealing film 50, the angle A between the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity 54 and the axis of the main body tube 20 is greater than zero degrees and less than 90 degrees.
  • the angle A between the plane enclosed by the first subcavity 54 and the axis of the main body tube 20 is greater than 5 degrees and less than 80 degrees. More preferably, the included angle A is greater than 30 degrees and less than 60 degrees.
  • the proximal end of the branch covering 31 is provided with a second sub-cavity 32, and the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity 54 is parallel to the plane enclosed by the second sub-cavity 32.
  • the branch covering 31 has a distal subcavity 34 corresponding to the first subcavity 54.
  • a ring-shaped support 56 is provided around the first sub-cavity port 54 and/or the second sub-cavity port 32, and the ring-mounted support member 56 is used to open the first sub-cavity port 54 and the second sub-cavity port 32, It is convenient to insert the sub-branch support.
  • the ring-mounted support 56 is a support ring. The support ring is used to expand the branch covering film 31 so that the branch covering film 31 maintains a tubular shape.
  • the support ring at the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 can fix the sub-branch stent in the sub-body tube 30, that is, the support ring can make
  • the first sealing film 50 is in sealing contact with the outer surface of the sub-branch support to prevent internal leakage.
  • the sub-body tube 30 can extend the proximal anchoring area of the sub-branch stent, further define the sub-branch stent, and increase the stability of the sub-branch stent after it is released.
  • the axial length of the sub-body tube 30 may be less than, greater than or equal to the axial length of the main body tube 20.
  • the first sealing film 50 may be provided with the support ring on the edge of the distal end of each sub-body tube 30, and the length of each sub-body tube 30 may be the same Or different.
  • the angle between the plane enclosed by the first subcavity 54 and the plane enclosed by the main cavity 52 is greater than 0 degrees, that is, the axis of the first subcavity 54 and the main body tube 20 is not perpendicular.
  • the vascular shunt stent 100 When held in the delivery sheath, or not completely released, it will receive a pressure perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube 20, that is, the first sub-cavity 54 will receive a pressure perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube 20.
  • the sub-cavity opening 54 When the sub-cavity opening 54 is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube 20, the sub-cavity opening 54 is severely deformed due to the compression of the pressure. After being completely released, the first sub-cavity opening 54 may not be able to quickly restore the complete shape of the first sub-cavity opening 54. It is difficult to implant the branch stent.
  • the pressure on the first sub-cavity port 54 will not vertically press the sub-cavity port 54 and will not cause the sub-cavity port 54 or even the sub-cavity port 54
  • the upper ring support member 56 is severely deformed. After being completely released, the first subcavity 54 and the upper ring support member 56 can easily return to a complete form, which facilitates the rapid implantation of the branch stent.
  • annular support members are provided around the distal sub-cavity 34 and the second sub-cavity 32 of the branch covering film 31.
  • the main body tube 20 further includes a main body tube support frame 24 fixed on the wall surface of the main body covering film 22.
  • the sub-body tube 30 is surrounded by a tubular branch covering film 31, thereby dividing the inner cavity of the main body tube 20 into a main tube inner cavity 25 and a sub-body tube inner cavity 33.
  • the second sub-lumen opening 32 is located in the sub-body tube inner cavity 33
  • the proximal end of the sub-cavity 34 and the distal end sub-cavity 34 are located at the distal end of the internal cavity 33 of the sub-body tube.
  • the distal end of the inner cavity 25 of the main body tube communicates with the main cavity port 52, and the distal end of the inner cavity 33 of the sub-body tube communicates with the first sub cavity port 54.
  • the main body tube 20 is the main structure of the vascular shunt 100, and the shape of the lateral end surface of the main body tube 20 is a circle or an ellipse that matches the blood vessel.
  • the main body tube support frame 24 is sutured on the main body covering film 22, and the main body tube support frame 24 is formed by a plurality of ring-shaped wave support rods 242 arranged along the axial direction of the main body covering film 22. Each ring-shaped wave support rod 242 can be a high-wave support rod or a high-low wave support rod, etc.
  • the high-wave support rod means that the height of each wave crest on the ring-shaped wave support rod 242 is the same, and the height of each wave trough is also the same, that is, Each wave crest and each wave trough are respectively on the same plane; the high-low wave support rod means that the height of each wave peak on the ring-shaped wave support rod 242 is different, and the height of each wave trough may also be different.
  • the main body tube support skeleton 24 includes a plurality of sine-wave ring-shaped wave-shaped support rods 242, and these ring-shaped wave-shaped support rods 242 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the main body covering film 22.
  • Each sine waveform of each ring-shaped wave support rod 242 includes a crest 2421, a trough 2423, and a connecting rod 2425 connected between the crest 2421 and the trough 2423.
  • Each ring-shaped wave support rod 242 is braided by a super-elastic nickel-titanium wire, and the super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy wire has a selectable wire diameter (ie, diameter) ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm.
  • Each ring-shaped wave support rod 242 is provided with a connecting sleeve that connects the opposite ends of the ring-shaped wave support rod 242, that is, the opposite ends of the ring-shaped wave support rod 242 are received in Inside the connecting sleeve, the two ends of the nickel-titanium wire are then fixed inside the connecting sleeve by mechanical compression or welding.
  • the ring-shaped wave support rod 242 is braided with nickel-titanium wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm, the number of the sine waves is 9, and the vertical height of the ring-shaped wave support rod 242 is 6-15 mm.
  • the number of sine waves can be other numbers, and the vertical height of the ring-shaped wave support rod 242 can be any height.
  • the main body tube support skeleton 24 may be a woven mesh structure or a cut mesh structure.
  • the main body covering film 22 and the branch covering film 31 are made of polyester cloth, PTFE, PET or other polymer materials.
  • the main body tube support frame 24 is stitched on the main body covering film 22 by sutures, that is, the sutures can be along The wave direction of each ring-shaped wave support rod 242 accompanies the entire main body tube support frame 24.
  • the sutures can also be used to sew each ring-shaped wave support rod 242 on the main body covering film 22 through a number of suturing knots distributed at unequal intervals.
  • the sub-body tube inner cavity 33 is independently enclosed by the branch covering film 31, and the cavity between the branch covering film 31 and the main body covering film 22 is the main body tube inner cavity 25.
  • the number of the child body tubes 30 can be set according to actual needs, generally 1-4, preferably 1-3; the first sealing film 50 is provided with the child body There are 1-4 first sub-cavity openings 54 corresponding to the tube 30, preferably 2-4 first sub-cavity openings 54.
  • the shape of the lateral end surfaces of the main body tube inner cavity 25 and the sub-body tube inner cavity 33 is a circle, an ellipse, a fusiform, or an irregular curved surface.
  • the number of the sub-body tube 30 is one, the sub-body tube 30 is in contact with the inner surface of the main body tube 20, and the distal end of the sub-body tube 30 is in communication with the first sub-cavity 54.
  • the main cavity opening 52 and the first subcavity opening 54 are both opened on the first sealing film 50, and the distal end of the branch covering film 31 is sealingly connected to the first sealing film 50 corresponding to the first subcavity opening 54. That is, the first sealing film 50 connects the main body coating film 22 and the branch coating film 31 together, and closes the gap between the main body tube 20 and the sub-body tube 30.
  • the opening area of the main cavity 52 is smaller than the radial cross-sectional area of the main body membrane 22, the opening area of the first subcavity 54 is smaller than the opening area of the main cavity 52, and the opening area of the main cavity 52 is larger than that of the single subcavity 54
  • the ratio of the opening area of the main cavity port 52 to the opening area of the single sub-cavity port 54 is 3:1-6:1.
  • the opening area of the main cavity port 52 is larger than the sum of the opening areas of all the sub-cavity ports 54 so as to provide more sufficient space for the main blood flow port.
  • the opening area of the main cavity port 52 may also be the same as the opening area of the first sub-cavity port 54.
  • a corrugated support 35 is fixed on the branch film 31 of each sub-body tube 30.
  • the corrugated support 35 can increase the support strength of the sub-body tube 30 and prevent the connected sub-branch support from being affected by the main support.
  • the oppression caused by the blood flow is not smooth, or even blocked.
  • the corrugated support 35 can be set according to the shape of the branch coating 31. That is, one wavy support 35 can be fixed on the branch covering 31, or several wavy supports 35 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the branch covering 31, and these wavy supports 35 surround the sub-tubes of the branch covering 31. Support the skeleton.
  • the distal end of at least one wave-shaped support 35 is close to the ring-shaped support 56; preferably, the distal end of the at least one wave-shaped support 35 is connected to the ring-shaped support 56.
  • the wave-shaped support 35 may be ring-shaped or open-loop.
  • the structure, shape and material of the wave-shaped support 35 are similar to the ring-shaped wave support rod 242 on the main tube 20, and will not be repeated here.
  • a braided mesh sub-tube support frame may also be fixed on the branch covering film 31.
  • the branch covering film 31 may also be a semi-tubular structure.
  • the branch covering film 31 of the semi-tubular structure is sewn on the inner surface of the main body covering film 22 to form a semicircular shape together with the main body covering film 22. ⁇ The sub-body tube.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100a provided by the second embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100a in FIG. 4 from another perspective.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100a provided in the second embodiment of the present application is similar to the structure of the first embodiment, except that: in the second embodiment, two branch tubes 30 are axially inserted into the main body tube 20.
  • Each branch tube 30 includes a tubular branch covering film 31, the outer peripheral surfaces of the two branch covering films 31 are adjacent; the two branch covering films 31 are accommodated in the inner cavity of the main body covering film 22, and the first sealing film 50 is disposed on the main body Between the distal end of the covering membrane 22 and the distal ends of the two branch covering membranes 22, the first sealing membrane 50 is provided with two first sub-cavities 54, and the distal sub-cavities 34 of the two branch coverings 31 are respectively sealed and connected In the two first sub-cavities 54 of the first sealing film 50; the proximal ends of the two branch covering films 31 are respectively provided with second sub-cavities 32.
  • the angle between the plane enclosed by each first subcavity 54 and the axis of the main body tube 20 is less than 90 degrees.
  • the plane enclosed by the two first sub-cavities 54 may be parallel or non-parallel; in this embodiment, the plane enclosed by the two first sub-cavities 54 and the plane enclosed by the two second sub-cavities 32 parallel.
  • the axial lengths of the two branch films 31 may be the same or different, and the planes enclosed by the second sub-cavities 32 of the two branch films 31 may be coplanar or not. .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100b provided by the third embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100b in FIG. 6 from another perspective
  • FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional exploded structural schematic diagram of the leak-proof member 40 and the branch tube 30 of the vascular shunt 100b provided by the third embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100b provided by the third embodiment of the present application and the structure of the second embodiment The difference is that the branch covering film 31 is provided with an anti-leakage element 40 between the periphery of the second sub-cavity opening 32 and the main body covering film 22.
  • the blood vessel shunt 100b provided in this embodiment is provided with a leak-proof member 40 between the periphery of the second sub-cavity 32 of the branch covering film 31 and the inner surface of the main body covering film 22, and at the distal end of the main body covering film 22
  • a first sealing film 50 is provided between the distal end of the branch covering film 22; therefore, when the main body stent is inserted into the main lumen 52 of the main body tube 20, the edge of the first sealing film 50 can be close to the main body tube 20
  • the outer surface of the leak-proof member 40 can also be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main body tube 20, so that the distal and proximal ends of the vascular shunt 100b are tightly connected to the outer surface of the main body stent inserted in the main cavity 52 Fit, can effectively prevent internal leakage.
  • the leak-proof member 40 is a leak-proof sheet connected to the periphery of the second sub-cavity opening 32, and the leak-proof sheet is used to seal the gap between the main body coating film 22 and the branch coating film 31.
  • the leak-proof member 40 may be formed by splicing several pieces of leak-proof sheets, which are respectively sealed and connected between the inner surface of the main cover film 22 and the outer surface of the branch cover film 31, and these leak-proof sheets surround Form a through hole, the edge of the through hole of the anti-leak component 40 is sealed and attached to the outer surface of the branch film 31; preferably, the edge of the through hole of the anti-leak component 40 is hermetically connected to the second sub-cavity opening At the edge of 32, the outer periphery of the leakage prevention member 40 on the side facing away from the main cavity opening 52 is hermetically connected to the inner surface of the main body covering film 22.
  • the through hole enclosed by the leak-proof sheet is not a complete through hole. It can only be connected to the left and right sides of the branch covering film 31 in a sealed manner, and the rear side of the branch covering film 31 is in sealed connection with the main body covering film 22. The front side of the branch covering film 31 can be sealed and clamped with the main body stent after being implanted into the main body stent.
  • the leak-proof component 40 includes two leak-proof sheets, each of which is a leak-proof covering film 41, and the two leak-proof covering films 41 are respectively sealed and connected to the second sub-cavity opening 32 of the branch covering film 31 Between the edge and the inner surface of the main body coating 22. That is, a piece of anti-leakage coating 41 is respectively provided on two sides opposite to the proximal end of the branch coating 31, and each anti-leakage coating 41 is connected between the branch coating 31 and the main coating 22.
  • the sheet-shaped leak-proof sheet it can set the position of the leak-proof piece more flexibly, and can also reduce the usage of the covering film of the shunt frame as a whole, thereby reducing the diameter of the conveyor sheath.
  • the structure of the leak-proof member 40 is small, and the patency of blood flow will not be affected during the release process.
  • each leak-proof film 41 is a triangular leak-proof film sheet, and each leak-proof film 41 includes a first edge 411, a second edge 413, and a third edge 415 that are connected end to end. ;
  • the first edge 411 of the leak-proof membrane 41 is used for sealingly connected to the branch membrane 31, the second edge 413 of the leak-proof membrane 41 is hermetically connected to the main body membrane 22, and the third edge of the leak-proof membrane 41 is The edge 415 is connected between the branch covering film 31 and the main body covering film 22.
  • the first edge 411 of each leak-proof coating 41 is an arc-shaped edge corresponding to the outer surface of the branch coating 31, that is, the center of the first edge 411 is located on the axis of the branch coating 31;
  • the second edge 413 is an arc-shaped edge corresponding to the inner surface of the main body covering film 22, that is, the center of the second edge 413 is located on the axis of the main body covering film 22;
  • the third edge 415 may be a straight edge or an arc-shaped edge.
  • each leak-proof covering film 41 is provided with an elastic first support 416, the first support 416 extends along the third edge 415, and the opposite ends of the first support 416 are respectively connected to the branches.
  • the first support member 416 is used to support the leak-proof covering film 41 in an open state to prevent the covering film from collapsing and interfering with the implantation of the main body stent .
  • the first support 416 When the main body stent is inserted into the main cavity 52, the first support 416 can be closely attached to the outer surface of the main body tube 20, so that the third edge 415 of each leak-proof film 41 is sealed and attached to the main body film 31 The outer surface to prevent internal leakage.
  • the first support 416 is an elastic support rod which is disposed on the third edge 415 and extends along the length direction of the third edge 415.
  • one of the first edge 411 and the second edge 413 of each leak-proof film 41 is provided with an elastic second support member, and the second support member is connected to the branch film 31 Or the main body covering 22; the third edge 415 is also provided with an elastic first support 416, the second support is connected with one end of the first support 416, so as to support and prevent leakage when the vascular shunt 100 is deployed
  • the covering film 41 is in an open state.
  • the second support member is an elastic support rod.
  • first edge 411, the second edge 413, and the third edge 415 of each leak-proof film 41 are provided with elastic support members, that is, the three support members are along the corresponding first edge 411.
  • the second edge 413 and the third edge 415 extend in the length direction, the three support members are connected end to end, the support member on the first edge 411 is connected to the branch film 31, and the support member on the second edge 413 is connected to
  • the main body covering film 22 and the support of the third edge 415 are connected between the branch covering film 31 and the main body covering film 22 to support the leak-proof covering film 41 in an open state when the vascular shunt 100 is deployed.
  • each support member is an elastic support rod.
  • the leak-proof covering film 41 can also be stitched or other flexible reinforcement methods, for example, fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the branch covering film 31, and the rear side of the branch covering film 31 is fixedly connected to the main body covering film 22
  • the preferred fixed connection method is suture connection. Through the suture of the two edges, the shape of the third side can be stabilized to a certain extent, and a loop of thread can also be sewn on the third side to strengthen the support effect. In this way, the diameter of the sheath can be reduced, and the overall flexibility of the shunt frame will be better.
  • Fig. 9 is another embodiment of the leak-proof member 40a of the vascular shunt 100b provided by the third embodiment of the present application.
  • the leak-proof member 40a is a whole piece of leak-proof sheet.
  • the leak-proof sheet is a leak-proof film 43.
  • the middle of the leak-proof film 43 is provided with two adjacent through holes 430.
  • the edge of the hole 430 is sealingly attached to the outer surface of the corresponding branch covering film 31, and the outer peripheral edge of the leak-proof covering film 43 away from the main cavity opening 52 is sealingly connected to the inner surface of the main covering film 22.
  • the leak-proof covering film 43 is crescent-shaped, and it includes a first arc-shaped edge 431 facing the inner surface of the main body covering film 22 and a second arc-shaped edge 433 facing away from the first arc-shaped edge 431, and the leak-proof covering film 43
  • the first arc-shaped edge 431 is used for sealingly connecting to the main body covering film 22, and the second arc-shaped edge 433 is used for sealingly attaching to the outer surface of the main body stent inserted in the main cavity 52 of the main body tube 20.
  • the first arc-shaped edge 431 and/or the second arc-shaped edge 433 of the leak-proof member 40a are provided with elastic support members, and the support member on the first arc-shaped edge 431 is connected to the inner surface of the main body covering film 22, The support on the second arc-shaped edge 433 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the main body bracket inserted into the main cavity 52 of the main body tube 20.
  • the support member is an elastic support rod, and the support rod extends along the first arc-shaped edge 431 and/or the second arc-shaped edge 433.
  • the middle of the leak-proof film 43 is provided with three or more through holes
  • the inner cavity of the main body film 22 accommodates three or more branch pipes 30, and the first sealing film 50 is provided with three or more through holes.
  • Three or more first sub-cavities 54 are opened, and the distal sub-cavity 34 of each branch tube 30 is hermetically connected to the first sub-cavity 54 corresponding to the first sealing film 50, and the first sub-cavity 54 of each branch tube 30
  • the two sub-cavities 32 are sealed and connected in the corresponding through holes 430 of the leak-proof covering film 43.
  • FIG. 10 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the vascular shunt 100b provided by the third embodiment of the present application in one of the use states;
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view along the line XI-XI in FIG.
  • the main body stent 800 When the vascular shunt 100b is used, one end of the main body stent 800 is inserted into the main lumen 52 of the main body tube 20 from the distal end, the main body stent 800 expands the inner diameter of the main lumen 52 of the first sealing film 50, and the first sealing film 50 is deformed Make the edge of the main cavity opening 52 close to the outer surface of the main body bracket 800; at the same time, the main body bracket 800 also expands the third edges 415 of the two leak-proof parts 40, and each leak-proof part 40 is deformed so that the third edge 415 is pressed tightly On the outer surface of the main body bracket 800; at this time, the distal and proximal ends of the sub-body tube 30 are respectively sealed by the first sealing film 50 and the leak-proof member 40, which can effectively prevent internal leakage.
  • the plane enclosed by the first sub-cavity 54 is inclined to the axis of the main body tube 20, and then a sub-branch stent is inserted into the sub-body tube lumen 33 of each sub-body tube 30 of the vascular shunt 100b to form a blood vessel
  • the stent that is, the blood vessel stent further includes a blood vessel shunt frame, a main body stent 800 and a sub-branch stent.
  • One end of the main body stent 800 passes through the main cavity 52 on the first sealing film 50 and is inserted into the main body tube 20 of the blood vessel shunt frame.
  • the leak-proof component 40 and the first sealing film 50 are tightly attached to the outer surface of the main body stent 800, and one end of the sub-branch stent passes through the first sub-cavity 54 on the first sealing film 50 and is inserted into the vascular shunt. ⁇ 30 ⁇ The branch pipe 30.
  • the leak-proof member 40 By providing a leak-proof member 40 between the periphery of the branch membrane 31 near the terminal cavity and the inner surface of the main body membrane 22, the leak-proof member 40, the main body stent 800 and the branch membrane 31 are also formed at the proximal end of the blood vessel stent
  • the sealing structure on the one hand, although the first sealing film 50 can have a certain sealing effect and prevent the occurrence of internal leakage of the vascular stent, the proximal blood continuously flows to the first sealing film 50, making the first sealing film 50 exceed it. Even under the load limit, internal leakage may still occur.
  • the blood is blocked from the proximal end of the blood inflow, forming a double sealing effect with the first sealing film 50 at the distal end, which can further reduce the occurrence of internal leakage;
  • blood is prevented from entering the gap between the branch covering film 31 and the main body stent 800.
  • the distal end of the gap is provided with a first sealing film 50, which prevents blood from flowing and easily forms a thrombus.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100c according to the fourth embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100c in FIG. 12 from another perspective.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100c provided by the fourth embodiment of the present application is similar to the structure of the third embodiment, except that: in the fourth embodiment, the leak-proof member 40c is provided on opposite sides of the branch membrane 31
  • the leak-proof frame 45, the two leak-proof frames 45 are used to seal the gap between the proximal end of the branch covering film 31 and the main body covering film 22.
  • a leak-proof frame 45 is provided between one side of the branch covering film 31 away from the other branch covering film 31 and the inner surface of the main body covering film 22, and the distal end surface of the leak-proof frame 45 is connected to the first seal.
  • Film 50, the proximal end surface of the leak-proof frame 45 is adjacent to the proximal end surface of the branch covering film 31; preferably, the edge of the proximal end face of the leak-proof frame 45 is sealed with the periphery of the second sub-cavity 32 of the corresponding branch covering film 31 connect.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of one of the leak-proof parts 40 c in FIG. 12.
  • Each leak-proof frame 45 includes a distal end surface 451 attached to the first sealing film 50, a proximal end surface 452 facing away from the distal end surface 451, a first attaching surface 454 attached to the branch covering film 31, and a main body covering attached to it.
  • the second bonding surface 455 of the film 22, and the sealing surface 456 connected between the distal surface 451, the proximal surface 452, the first bonding surface 454 and the second bonding surface 455, at least the proximal surface 452 is provided with
  • the second sealing film 457 and the sealing surface 456 are provided with a third sealing film 458.
  • the sealing effect of the shunt bracket and the main body bracket can be further improved, and the main body bracket and the shunt can be prevented. After the stent is released, there is a risk of internal leakage if a perfect seal is not achieved. At the same time, the leak-proof frame 45 is designed as a whole, and its structure is more stable.
  • each leak-proof frame 45 When each leak-proof frame 45 is connected between the corresponding branch covering film 31 and the main body covering film 22, the second sealing film 457 on the proximal portion 452 is sealingly connected to the branch covering film 31, the main body covering film 22 and the sealing surface 456 between the proximal ends of the third sealing film 458; the distal end of the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456 is sealingly connected to the first sealing film 50, and the opposite sides of the third sealing film 458 are sealingly connected to the branch covering The film 31 and the main body cover film 22.
  • the distal end surface 451 shares the film with the first sealing film 50
  • the first bonding surface 454 shares the film with the branch film 31,
  • the second bonding surface 455 shares the film with the main body film 22;
  • the connecting surfaces of the stent share the membrane covering, which can reduce the utilization rate of the overall membrane covering of the shunt stent, thereby reducing the diameter of the conveyor sheath.
  • the second sealing film 457, the third sealing film 458, the branch film 31 and the main body film 22 are enclosed in a sealed frame, so that the branch film 31 and the main body film 22 are sealed by a leak-proof frame 45 to prevent internal leak.
  • the second sealing film 457 on the proximal surface 452 and the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456 are integrated.
  • the design of this integrated structure makes the overall structure of the leak-proof frame 45 more stable and supports The performance is also better. Even without a support, the overall shape can be stably maintained, and there is no other connection structure between the second sealing film 457 and the third sealing film 458, which avoids the risk of internal leakage.
  • the edge of the third sealing film 458 on the sealing surface 456 is provided with an elastic support ring for supporting the leak-proof frame 45; the periphery of the support ring is connected to the first sealing film 50 and the branch respectively.
  • the distal end surface 451, the proximal end surface 452, the first fitting surface 454, the second fitting surface 455, and the sealing surface 456 of the leak-proof frame 45 may all be provided with sealing films; further, These sealing films can be a one-piece structure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of one of the leak-proof parts of the vascular shunt 100c according to the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the leak-proof frame 40d in this embodiment is similar to that of the fourth embodiment, except that the inner cavity of each leak-proof frame 40d is filled with an expandable material, or the inner cavity of each leak-proof frame 40d is provided It has a fluffy structure, which can accelerate the formation of thrombus and improve the sealing effect.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt 100 d according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100d provided by the fifth embodiment of the present application is similar to the structure of the second embodiment, except that the proximal end of the annular support 56 is close to the edge of the first sealing membrane 50 away from the main body membrane 22
  • At least one support 60 is provided on the branch covering film 31 of each sub-body tube 30.
  • the support 60 is used to support the annular support 56 to keep the corresponding distal sub-cavity 34 in an open state, so that the sub-branch stent can be inserted through the distal sub-cavity 34 In the inner cavity 33 of the sub-body tube.
  • the support 60 is in the shape of an inverted V, which includes two support rods 62 intersecting at one end. The intersection of the two support rods 62 is connected to the corresponding ring-shaped support 56. ⁇ 31 ⁇ Film 31.
  • the material of each support rod 62 is nickel-titanium wire, the wire diameter is 0.10 mm-0.40 mm, preferably, the wire diameter is 0.20 mm-0.30 mm.
  • the support rod 62 can be fixed on the branch film 31 by sewing or hot pressing. In this embodiment, the support rod 62 is fixed on the edge of the branch film 31 by sewing.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100e provided by the sixth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100e provided by the sixth embodiment of the present application is similar to the structure of the third embodiment, except that the proximal end of the annular support 56 is close to the edge of the first sealing film 50 away from the main body lamination 22
  • At least one support 60 is provided on the branch covering film 31 of each sub-body tube 30.
  • the support 60 is used to support the annular support 56 to keep the corresponding distal sub-cavity 34 in an open state, so that the sub-branch stent can be inserted through the distal sub-cavity 34 In the inner cavity 33 of the sub-body tube.
  • the support 60 is in the shape of an inverted V, which includes two support rods 62 intersecting at one end. The intersection of the two support rods 62 is connected to the corresponding ring-shaped support 56. ⁇ 31 ⁇ Film 31.
  • the support rod 62 can be fixed on the branch film 31 by sewing or hot pressing. In this embodiment, the support rod 62 is fixed on the edge of the branch film 31 by sewing.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt 100f provided by a seventh embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100f provided by the seventh embodiment of the present application is similar to the structure of the second embodiment, except that: in the seventh embodiment, each sub-body tube 30 is located at the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 A developing structure 80 is provided, and the developing structure 80 is a developing wire continuously or intermittently wound on the annular support 56. Or the annular support 56 is made of an alloy doped with developing materials.
  • the nickel-titanium alloy wire is a nickel-titanium alloy wire containing tantalum, and the diameter of the nickel-titanium alloy wire is 0.10 mm-0.40 mm. .
  • the ring support 56 is a metal ring made of a memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy ring structure.
  • the metal ring adapts to the edge shape of the first sub-cavity 54 and the developing structure 80 is continuously or intermittently wound.
  • Developed wire on the metal ring Since the ring-shaped developing structure 80 has developability and is a ring-shaped structure, the position of the ring-shaped developing structure 80 can be clearly observed by the imaging equipment during the operation, that is, the ring-shaped developing structure 80 can be observed. It is around the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 rather than scattered imaging points. Therefore, it is more convenient and quick to insert the branch blood vessel stent into the first sub-cavity 54.
  • the developer material includes but is not limited to gold, platinum, platinum-tungsten, palladium, platinum-iridium, rhodium, tantalum, or alloys or composites of these metals.
  • the outer surface of the annular support 56 may be inlaid or pasted with at least one round of developing material, for example, the annular support 56 is inlaid with a developing wire, or the annular support 56 is inlaid with a developing wire.
  • a tantalum wire is wound on the annular support 56.
  • the developing structure 80 is a developing point continuously or intermittently fixed on the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 on the first sealing film 50, and the developing point is stitched, stamped, hot pressed, inlaid or pasted. It is fixed on the annular support 56 or sewn on the first sealing film 50 where the annular support 56 is located.
  • the edge of the main cavity opening 52 is also provided with an annular developing structure, and the annular developing structure is a developing point continuously or intermittently fixed on the first sealing film 50 on the edge of the main cavity opening 52.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt 100 g according to an eighth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100g provided by the eighth embodiment of the present application is similar to the structure of the fourth embodiment, except that: in the eighth embodiment, the proximal end of the annular support 56 is close to the first sealing film 50 and away from the main body At the edge of one side of the covering film 22, at least one support 60 is provided on the branch covering film 31 of each sub-body tube 30.
  • the support 60 is used to support the annular support 56 to keep the corresponding distal sub-cavity 34 in an open state, so that the sub-branch stent can be inserted through the distal sub-cavity 34 In the inner cavity 33 of the sub-body tube.
  • the support 60 is in the shape of an inverted V, which includes two support rods 62 intersecting at one end. The intersection of the two support rods 62 is connected to the corresponding ring-shaped support 56. ⁇ 31 ⁇ Film 31.
  • the support rod 62 can be fixed on the branch film 31 by sewing or hot pressing. In this embodiment, the support rod 62 is fixed on the edge of the branch film 31 by sewing.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt 100h according to a ninth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100h provided by the ninth embodiment of the present application is similar to that of the second embodiment, except that: in the ninth embodiment, the edge of the main cavity 52 of the first sealing film 50 is provided with positioning The positioning member is fixed on the first sealing film 50 on the edge of the side wall of the main cavity 52 away from the main body tube 20.
  • the positioning member is a positioning rod 70 fixed on the first sealing film 50 on the side of the main cavity port 52 away from the side wall of the main body tube 20.
  • the positioning rod 70 has elasticity, and the positioning rod 70 is used for positioning the first sealing film.
  • the film 50 that is, fixes the direction of the first sealing film 50, increases the supporting force of the edge of the opening of the sealing film, and prevents the side of the first sealing film 50 away from the side wall of the main tube 20 from softening.
  • the positioning rod 70 is made of shape memory alloy wire, preferably Nitinol wire.
  • the positioning rod 70 extends toward the center of the main body tube 20 along the edge of the side wall of the main cavity 52 on the first sealing film 50 that is connected to the main body tube 20.
  • the opposite ends of the positioning rod 70 are respectively connected to the main body tube 20. On the side wall.
  • the positioning rod 70 can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the main body stent, so that the first sealing film 50 closely adheres to the outer surface of the main stent.
  • the main body stent and the vascular shunt increase the compatibility of the main body stent and the vascular shunt, and make the main body stent and the vascular shunt better join Stablize.
  • the positioning rod 70 is a wave-shaped structure formed by connecting three arc rods.
  • the positioning rod 70 includes a first arc rod 72 located in the middle, and a first arc rod 72 connected to the first arc rod 72 opposite to each other.
  • the two sections of second arc rods 74 at both ends have the same structure and are symmetrical along the midpoint of the first arc rod 72.
  • Two segments of the second arc rod 74 and the first arc rod 72 are smoothly connected, the first arc rod 72 and the two segments of the second arc rod 74 are an integrated structure, and the positioning rod 70 is bent by the alloy wire. become.
  • first arc rod 72 and the two segments of the second arc rod 74 may be a split structure, that is, the first arc rod 72 and the two segments of the second arc rod 74 are mechanically compressed or welded. Ways are connected in one.
  • the middle part of the first circular arc rod 72 is bent toward the main cavity opening 52, and the middle part of each second circular arc rod 74 is curved toward the side away from the main cavity opening 52.
  • the diameter of the positioning rod 70 is between 0.10 mm and 0.40 mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the positioning rod 70 is between 0.20 mm and 0.30 mm.
  • the positioning rod 70 can be fixed on the first sealing film 50 by sewing or hot pressing. In this embodiment, the positioning rod 70 is fixed on the edge of the first sealing film 50 by sewing.
  • the positioning rod 70 may be made of a memory alloy wire containing a developing material to facilitate the insertion of the branch vessel stent into the main cavity 52.
  • the positioning rod 70 is continuously or intermittently wound with a developing wire.
  • the positioning rod 70 is embedded or pasted with a developing structure.
  • the positioning rod 70 is inlaid with a developing wire.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100i provided by the tenth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100i provided in the tenth embodiment of the present application is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that: in the tenth embodiment, at least one support 60 is provided on the first sealing membrane 50, and at least A support 60 is connected between the positioning rod 70 and the annular support 56, at least one support 60 is a support rod fixed to the first sealing film 50, one end of the support rod is connected to the positioning rod 70, the support rod The other end of 60 is connected to the annular support 56.
  • the material of the support rod 60 is a nickel-titanium wire, and the wire diameter is 0.10 mm-0.40 mm, preferably, the wire diameter is 0.20 mm-0.30 mm.
  • two tangential first sub-cavities 54 are opened on the first sealing film 50, and two sub-body tubes 30 are provided in the main body tube inner cavity 25 of the main body tube 20, and the distal ends of the two sub-body tubes 30
  • the two first sub-cavity ports 54 are respectively connected.
  • the two first sub-cavities 54 are located on the side away from the main cavity 52, and the outer sides of the two sub-body tubes 30 are both attached to the inner wall of the inner cavity 25 of the main body tube.
  • the supporting rod 60 is fixed to the first sealing film 50 and is connected between the tangent points of the positioning rod 70 and the two first sub-cavity openings 54.
  • the first sealing film 50 is recessed toward the two first sub-cavities 54, that is, the first sealing film 50 is inclined toward the two first sub-cavities 54.
  • one end of the support rod 60 is fixed to the first arc rod 72 of the positioning rod 70, preferably to the midpoint of the first arc rod 72, and the other end of the support rod 60 is fixed to the first sub-cavity Between the tangent points of ⁇ 54.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt 100j according to an eleventh embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100j provided by the tenth embodiment of the present application is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that: in the eleventh embodiment, the first sealing film 50 is provided with two first sub-cavities Port 54.
  • Two support rods 60 are fixed at intervals on the first sealing film 50, and the two support rods 60 are respectively connected between the edges of the two first sub-cavity ports 54 and the positioning rod 70.
  • one end of each support rod 60 is fixed to the second circular arc rod 74 of the positioning rod 70, and the other end is fixed to the ring-shaped support 56 on the edge of the corresponding first sub-cavity opening 54.
  • the two support rods 60 are in an inverted "eight" shape.
  • two supporting rods 60 may be fixed to the first sealing film 50 in parallel with each other, and each supporting rod 60 is connected between the edge of the corresponding first sub-cavity 54 and the positioning rod 70.
  • three or more support rods 60 may be fixed on the first sealing film 50, and a part of the support rods 60 is connected to one of the ring-shaped support members 56 on the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 and the positioning Between the rods 70, another part of the support rod 60 is connected between the annular support 56 on the edge of the other first sub-cavity 54 and the positioning rod 70.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt 100k according to a twelfth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100k provided by the twelfth embodiment of the present application is similar to that of the eleventh embodiment, except that: in the twelfth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 23, the support rod 60a includes a A rod body 64 and a second rod body 65 obliquely connected to one end of the first rod body 64.
  • the angle between the first rod body 64 and the second rod body 65 ranges from 24 to 130 degrees.
  • the first rod body 64 of each support rod 60a is fixed to the first sealing film 50, and the second rod body 65 is fixed to the side wall of the corresponding sub-body tube 30, that is, the second rod body 65 is fixed to the corresponding sub-body tube 30.
  • the intersection of the first rod body 64 and the second rod body 65 is located at the intersection of the first sealing film 50 and the side wall of the corresponding sub-body tube 30.
  • the inclination angle of the first rod body 64 and the first sealing film 50 is the same, and the second rod body 65 extends along the axial direction of the corresponding branch covering film 31.
  • One end of each first rod body 64 away from the corresponding second rod body 65 is fixed on the positioning rod 70.
  • one end of each first rod body 64 away from the corresponding second rod body 65 is fixed to the corresponding second arc rod 74.
  • first rod body 64 and the second rod body 65 are integrated, and the angle between the first rod body 64 and the second rod body 65 is formed by hot pressing and bending.
  • the first rod body 64 and the second rod body 65 are respectively fixed on the first sealing film 50 and the branch covering film 31 by stitching.
  • the first rod body 64 of the support rod 60a is fixed on the first sealing film 50
  • the end of the first rod body 64 away from the second rod body 65 is fixed on the positioning rod 70
  • the support rod 60a and the positioning rod 70 are paired
  • the first sealing film 50 has a supporting effect
  • the second rod body 65 is fixed on the branch covering film 31, which can not only support the first sealing film 50, but also position the corresponding branch covering film 31, and can strengthen the radial direction of the sub-body tube 30
  • the supporting force makes the first sealing film 50 and the side wall of the main tube 20 form a stable bell mouth structure, so that the blood flow in the main tube 20 and the sub-body tube 30 is smoother, and it is convenient to insert the branch blood vessel stent to the main tube.
  • the cavity port 52 and the first sub-cavity port 54 are inside.
  • the first sealing film 50 may also be provided with only one support rod 60a.
  • the first rod body 64 of the support rod 60a is fixed on the first sealing film 50, and the end of the first rod body 64 away from the second rod body 65 is fixed on the positioning rod 70, and the second rod body 65 is fixed on the two sub-body tubes 30. Tangent.
  • the first sealing film 50 may also be provided with only one support rod 60a, only one first sub-cavity 54 is opened on the first sealing film 50, and the first rod body 64 of the support rod 60a is fixed to the first On a sealing film 50, the second rod body 65 is fixed on the branch covering film 31 of the first subcavity 54.
  • the intersection of the first rod body 64 and the second rod body 65 is located at the intersection of the first sealing film 50 and the branch covering film 31 At that, the end of the first rod body 64 away from the second rod body 65 is connected to the positioning rod 70.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt 100 m provided by a thirteenth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100m provided by the thirteenth embodiment of the present application is similar to that of the ninth embodiment, except that: in the thirteenth embodiment, the sub-body tube 30 is located at the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 A developing structure 80 is provided, and the developing structure 80 is a developing wire continuously or intermittently wound on the annular support 56.
  • the annular support 56 is made of an alloy doped with developing materials.
  • the nickel-titanium alloy wire is a nickel-titanium alloy wire containing tantalum, and the diameter of the nickel-titanium alloy wire is 0.10 mm-0.40 mm. .
  • the ring support 56 is a metal ring made of a memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy ring structure.
  • the metal ring adapts to the edge shape of the first subcavity 54.
  • the developing structure 80 is a developing yarn continuously or intermittently wound on the metal ring. Since the ring-shaped developing structure 80 has developability and is a ring-shaped structure, the position of the ring-shaped developing structure 80 can be clearly observed by the imaging equipment during the operation, that is, the ring-shaped developing structure 80 can be observed. It is around the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 rather than scattered imaging points. Therefore, it is more convenient and quick to insert the branch blood vessel stent into the first sub-cavity 54.
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100n provided by the fourteenth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100n provided by the fourteenth embodiment of the present application is similar to the structure of the ninth embodiment, except that: in the fourteenth embodiment, the edge of the annular support 56 and the positioning rod 70 connect.
  • one side of the first sub-cavity opening 54 on the first sealing film 50 is close to the positioning rod 70, or is tangent to the positioning rod 70, so that the annular support 56 provided on the edge of the first sub-cavity 54 is in contact with each other.
  • the positioning rod 70 is connected so that the annular support 56 stably opens the first sub-cavity opening 54 to facilitate the insertion of the sub-branch support.
  • first sub-cavities 54 are opened on the first sealing film 50.
  • Each first sub-cavity 54 may be oval or circular.
  • the edge of the sub-cavity 54 is provided with an oval or circular ring support 56; the plane enclosed by each first sub-cavity 54 is inclined to the axis of the main body tube 20, specifically, each first sub-cavity 54
  • the angle between the plane enclosed by 54 and the axis of the main body tube 20 is less than 90 degrees.
  • the annular support 56 on each first subcavity 54 is connected to the positioning rod 70 on the side away from the main body covering film 22.
  • the annular support 56 is extended and supported on the first sealing film to further fix the first sealing film.
  • the direction of the sealing film 50 prevents the first film from collapsing into the main cavity, thereby interfering with the implantation of the main body stent.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a vascular shunt 100p according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100p provided by the fifteenth embodiment of the present application is similar to that of the fourteenth embodiment, except that: in the fifteenth embodiment, the distal end of the ring-shaped support 56 and the wave-shaped support The distal ends of 35 are all connected with the positioning rod 70.
  • a corrugated support 35 is fixed on each branch covering 31, the distal end of the corrugated support 35 at the most distal end of the branch covering 31 is connected to the distal end of the corresponding annular support 56, and the corrugated support 35 is connected to the
  • the connecting part of the annular support 56 is connected with the positioning rod 70, so that the first sub-cavity opening 54 can be opened more stably, which facilitates the insertion of the sub-branch support.
  • the wave-shaped support 35 is a structure with a high-wave and low-wave spaced arrangement.
  • the wave-shaped support 35 includes a high-wave support rod 351 and a low-wave support rod 352.
  • the distal end of the high-wave support rod 351 is close to the ring.
  • the distal end of the high-wave support rod 351 and the distal end of the annular support 56 are connected together to improve the overall support stability of the first sealing film 50 and the branch covering film 31. sex.
  • the proximal end 3512 of the high wave support rod 351 is parallel to the axis of the main body tube 20, and the angle between the distal end 3511 of the high wave support rod and the axis of the main body tube 20 is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees.
  • the distal end 3511 of the high-wave support rod is parallel to the plane where the annular support 56 is located, that is, it is preferable that the angle between the distal end 3511 of the high-wave support rod and the axis of the main body tube 20 is greater than 5 degrees and less than 80 degrees. More preferably, the included angle is greater than 30 degrees and less than 60 degrees.
  • the common support of the high wave support rod 3512 at the distal end of the first sealing film 50 and the annular support 56 can fix the direction of the first sealing film 50 and prevent the first sealing film from collapse and sagging.
  • the design is more concise and reduces
  • the overall metal material usage of the shunt stent can be used to implant the shunt stent through a smaller diameter of the delivery sheath.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the vascular shunt 100s provided by the sixteenth embodiment of the present application.
  • the structure of the vascular shunt 100s provided in the sixteenth embodiment of the present application is similar to that of the fifteenth embodiment, except that: in the sixteenth embodiment, the edge and/or main subcavity 54 of the first subcavity
  • the edge of the cavity 52 is provided with a developing structure 80, and the developing structure 80 is a developing wire continuously or intermittently wound on the annular support 56.
  • the annular support 56 is made of an alloy doped with developing materials.
  • the nickel-titanium alloy wire is a nickel-titanium alloy wire containing tantalum, and the diameter of the nickel-titanium alloy wire is 0.10 mm-0.40 mm. .
  • the ring support 56 is a metal ring made of a memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy ring structure.
  • the metal ring adapts to the edge shape of the first sub-cavity 54 and the developing structure 80 is continuously or intermittently wound.
  • Developed wire on the metal ring Since the ring-shaped developing structure 80 has developability and is a ring-shaped structure, the position of the ring-shaped developing structure 80 can be clearly observed by imaging equipment during the operation, that is, it can be observed that the ring-shaped developing structure 80 is the first A sub-cavity 54 is surrounded by an edge, rather than scattered imaging points. Therefore, it is more convenient and quick to insert a branch vessel stent into the first sub-cavity 54.
  • the angle between the plane of the annular support 56 located around the first subcavity 54 or the second subcavity and the axis of the main body tube 20 is greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees, preferably the included angle is greater than 5 degrees and less than 80 degrees. More preferably, the included angle is greater than 45 degrees and less than 60 degrees.
  • the annular support 56 provided at both ends of the sub-body tube is not perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube 20.
  • the annular support 56 on the shunt bracket 100s is subjected to pressure perpendicular to the axis of the main body tube under the pressure grip state, and will be severely deformed, resulting in The shape cannot be maintained well, and the first sub-cavity 54 and the surrounding annular support 56 which are not arranged perpendicular to the axis of the main tube 20 avoid the crushing of the vertical radial support force and can better maintain the sub-cavity.
  • the shape of the annular support 56 of the cavity 54 is more conducive to the implantation of the branch stent.

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Abstract

一种血管分流架（100），包括主体管（20）及轴向插设于主体管（20）的内腔的至少一分支管（30），主体管（20）包括管状的主体覆膜（22），至少一分支管（30）包括管状的分支覆膜（31），分支覆膜（31）容置于主体覆膜（22）的内腔，主体覆膜（22）的远端与分支覆膜（31）的远端之间设有第一密封膜（50），以将主体覆膜（22）的内腔分隔出一个主腔口（52）及至少一个第一子腔口（54），第一子腔口（54）密封连接分支覆膜（31）的远端，第一子腔口（54）围成的平面不平行于主腔口（52）围成的平面。由于主腔口（52）与第一子腔口（54）不在同一平面上，方便主体支架（800）和子支管支架从不同方位插入对应的主腔口（52）和第一子腔口（54）内，方便操作使用。

Description

血管分流架及血管支架 技术领域
本申请涉及可植入血管技术领域，尤其涉及血管分流架及设置有所述血管分流架的血管支架。
背景技术
主动脉瘤是指主动脉壁局部或弥漫性的异常扩张，压迫周围器官而引起症状，瘤状破裂为其主要危险。常发生在升主动脉主动脉弓、胸部降主动脉、胸腹主动脉和腹主动脉。主动脉瘤按结构可分为真性主动脉瘤和假性主动脉瘤。主动脉瘤引起血管内侧压增高，故呈进行性膨大，若长期发展，最后终归破裂，瘤体越大，破裂的可能性越大。据统计，若不作手术治疗，90％胸主动脉瘤在5年内死亡，75％腹主动脉瘤在5年内死亡。
主动脉夹层也是一种严重的主动脉疾病，主动脉夹层是指胸主动脉中膜破坏，血管壁内出血，血液进入血管壁中膜和外膜之间。由于血流的冲击作用，当主动脉夹层一旦形成，可使撕裂沿血流方向延伸，夹层和假腔扩大，并对真腔进行压迫。因此主动脉夹层患者可能出现的危险包括：(1)濒临血管完全破裂的威胁，一旦血管完全破裂，死亡率极高；(2)夹层逐渐扩大，并对真腔进行压迫，使血管远端供血减少。在大多数情况下，主动脉夹层继发于胸主动脉瘤，或与主动脉瘤同时存在。英国牛津血管病研究显示，主动脉夹层在自然人群中的发病率约为每年6/10万，男性多于女性，平均发病年龄为63岁。我国主动脉夹层发病率远高于欧美国家，且发病年龄较为年轻化。
主动脉疾病均有可能涉及到分支动脉，一旦涉及到分支动脉想通过介入方法解决就会举步维艰。目前，国内外已开展了动脉腔内治疗术，即采用微创方法，借助血管腔道向病变动脉内置入移植物既动脉血管支架来治疗动脉疾病改善供血，从而达到治疗目的。所说的血管腔内的动脉血管支架是由管状刚性丝支架和固定于所述管状刚性丝支架外侧的聚合物薄膜组成，管状刚性丝支架由具有弹性的刚性丝经Z形折叠后围成环形，再将多个环形与聚合物薄膜缝合或粘合在一起组成覆膜支架，使用时将覆膜支架轴向压缩后装载于输送器中，由输送器通过较小的股动脉、髂动脉、肱动脉送到病变动脉处再将其释放，由于金属丝支架的弹力作用自动恢复成直管状并紧贴于主动脉内壁，将动脉病变部位与血流隔离，从而达到了治疗目的。
现有技术中，涉及动脉分支治疗常用的支架包括烟囱支架、一体式多子支管支架，开窗型支架；然而，这些支架受限于支架的结构，往往不方便插接子支管支架。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请的目的在于提供一种方便插接子支管支架的血管分流架，以及设置有所述血管分流架的血管支架。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种血管分流架，其包括主体管及轴向插设于所述主体管的内腔的至少一分支管，所述主体管包括管状的主体覆膜，至少一分支管包括管状的分支覆膜，所述分支覆膜容置于所述主体覆膜的内腔，所述主体覆膜的远端与所述分支覆膜的远端之间设有第一密封膜，以将所述主体覆膜的内腔分隔出一个主腔口及至少一个第一子腔口，所述第一子腔口密封连接所述分支覆膜的远端，所述第一子腔口围成的平面与所述主腔口围成的平面之间的夹角大于0度。
本申请还提供一种血管支架，其包括主体支架、子支管支架，以及血管分流架，所述血管分流架包括主体管及轴向插设于所述主体管的内腔的至少一分支管，所述主体管包括管状的主体覆膜，至少一分支管包括管状的分支覆膜，所述分支覆膜容置于所述主体覆膜的内腔，所述主体覆膜的远端与所述分支覆膜的远端之间设有第一密封膜，以将所述主体 覆膜的内腔分隔出一个主腔口及至少一个第一子腔口，所述第一子腔口密封连接所述分支覆膜的远端，所述第一子腔口围成的平面与所述主腔口围成的平面之间的夹角大于0度；所述主体支架的一端穿过所述第一密封膜上的主腔口插接于所述血管分流架的主体管内，所述子支管支架的一端穿过所述第一密封膜上的子腔口插接于所述分支管内。
本申请提供的血管分流架的所述主体覆膜的远端与所述分支覆膜的远端之间设有第一密封膜，以将所述主体覆膜的内腔分隔出一个主腔口及至少一个第一子腔口，所述第一子腔口围成的平面与所述主腔口围成的平面相交，所述分支覆膜的远端密封连接于所述第一子腔口的周围。由于所述主腔口与所述第一子腔口不在同一平面上，即，所述主腔口与所述第一子腔口的朝向不同，方便主体支架和子支管支架从不同方位插入对应的所述主腔口和所述第一子腔口内，方便操作使用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请第一实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图2是图1中的血管分流架的侧视图。
图3是图1中的其中一子体管的立体结构示意图。
图4是本申请第二实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图5是图4中的血管分流架的另一视角的立体结构示意图。
图6是本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图7是图6中的血管分流架的另一视角的立体结构示意图。
图8是本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架的防漏件与分支管的立体分解结构示意图。
图9是本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架的防漏件的另一实施方式的结结示意图。
图10是本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架的其中一使用状态立体结构示意图。
图11是图10中沿XI-XI线的剖视图。
图12是本申请第四实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图13是图12中的血管分流架的另一视角的立体结构示意图。
图14是图12中的其中一防漏件的立体结构示意图。
图15是本申请第四实施例提供的血管分流架的其中一防漏件的另一实施方式的结构示意图。
图16是本申请第五实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图17是本申请第六实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图18是本申请第七实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图19是本申请第八实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图20是本申请第九实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图21是本申请第十实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图22是本申请第十一实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图23是本申请第十二实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图24是本申请第十三实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图25是本申请第十四实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图26是本申请第十五实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
图27是图26中的其中一子体管的立体结构示意图。
图28是图27中的波状支撑件的立体结构示意图。
图29是本申请第十六实施例提供的血管分流架的立体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
此外，以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图示，用以例示本申请可用以实施的特定实施例。本申请中所提到的方向用语，例如，“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”、“侧面”等，仅是参考附加图式的方向，因此，使用的方向用语是为了更好、更清楚地说明及理解本申请，而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，本申请所述“近端”是指靠近心脏位置的一端，所述“远端”为远离心脏位置的一端。本申请中所述的高、低是相对于主体管覆膜而言，超出主体管覆膜的端面称为高，未超出主体管覆膜端面的称为低，该定义只是为了表述方便，并不能理解为对本申请的限制。
请一并参阅图1及图2，图1是本申请第一实施例提供的血管分流架100的立体结构示意图；图2是图1中的血管分流架100的侧视图；图3是图1中的其中一子体管30的立体结构示意图。本申请提供血管分流架100，其包括主体管20及轴向插设于主体管20的内腔的至少一分支管30，主体管20包括管状的主体覆膜22，至少一分支管30包括管状的分支覆膜31，分支覆膜31容置于主体覆膜22的内腔，主体覆膜22的远端与分支覆膜31的远端之间设有第一密封膜50，以将主体覆膜22的内腔分隔出一个主腔口52及至少一个第一子腔口54，第一子腔口54密封连接分支覆膜31的远端，第一子腔口54围成的平面与主腔口52围成的平面之间的夹角大于0度，即第一子腔口54围成的平面与主腔口52围成的平面不平行，即第一子腔口54围成的平面与主腔口52围成的平面相交，非平行的主腔口52和子腔口在支架植入过程中未完全释放时，能够更容易的区分，方便术者对两者的识别。
本申请提供的血管分流架100的主体覆膜22的远端与分支覆膜22的远端之间设有第一密封膜50，以将主体覆膜22的内腔分隔出一个主腔口52及至少一个第一子腔口54，第一子腔口54围成的平面与主腔口52围成的平面相交，分支覆膜31的远端密封连接于所述第一子腔口54的周围。由于主腔口52与第一子腔口54不在同一平面上，即，主腔口52与第一子腔口54的朝向不同，主腔口52设置于垂直主体管20轴线的平面上，方便主体支架植入并稳定固定主体支架。而子腔口54设置于非垂直于主体管20轴线的平面上，即相对于主腔口52倾斜设置，倾斜设置的子腔口54更有利于导丝以及输送分支支架鞘管的进入，从而更方便迅速的植入分支支架；此外，主腔口52与子腔口54设置于不同的平面，即拥有不同方位的朝向，也更方便主体支架和子支管支架(即分支支架)从不同方位插入对应的主腔口52和第一子腔口54内，方便操作使用。
本实施例中，主腔口52围成的平面垂直于主体管20的轴线，第一子腔口54围成的平面与主体管20的轴线的夹角小于90度。具体地，第一密封膜50自主腔口52的中部向近端倾斜延伸至连接于主体管20的内表面，使得第一密封膜 50与主体管20的轴线的夹角小于90度。由于第一子腔口54开设于第一密封膜50上，因此，第一子腔口54围成的平面与主体管20的轴线的夹角A大于零度且小于90度。
优选地，第一子腔口54围成的平面与主体管20的轴线的夹角A大于5度小于80度。更优选地，夹角A大于30度小于60度。
分支覆膜31的近端设有第二子腔口32，所述第一子腔口54围成的平面与第二子腔口32围成的平面平行。分支覆膜31具有对应第一子腔口54的远端子腔口34，当分支覆膜31的远端连接于第一密封膜50时，远端子腔口34的边缘密封连接于第一子腔口54的边缘。
优选地，第一子腔口54和/或第二子腔口32周围设有环状支撑件56，环装支撑件56用于撑开第一子腔口54及第二子腔口32，方便子支管支架的插入。本实施例中，环装支撑件56为支撑环。所述支撑环用于撑开分支覆膜31，以使分支覆膜31保持管状形态。当第一子腔口54内插接有子支管支架时，第一子腔口54的边缘的支撑环能将所述子支管支架固定于子体管30内，即，所述支撑环能使第一密封膜50与所述子支管支架的外表面密封贴接，防止内漏。另外，子体管30可延长所述子支管支架的近端锚定区，进一步限定所述子支管支架，增加所述子支管支架释放后的稳定性。子体管30的轴向长度可以小于、大于或者等于主体管20的轴向长度。在同一血管分流架100设置多个子体管30的情况下，第一密封膜50于每一个子体管30远端的边缘均可以设置有所述支撑环，各个子体管30的长度可以相同或者不同。第一子腔口54围成的平面与主腔口52围成的平面之间的夹角大于0度，即第一子腔口54与主体管20的轴线不垂直，当血管分流支架100压握在输送器鞘管中，或者未完全释放时，会受到一个垂直于主体管20的轴线的压力，即第一子腔口54会受到一个垂直于主体管20的轴线的压力，当第一子腔口54垂直于主体管20的轴线设置时，子腔口54因受到该压力的挤压而严重变形，在完全释放后，也可能无法迅速恢复第一子腔口54的完整形态，从而导致分支支架难以植入。当第一子腔口54与主体管20的轴线不垂直设置时，第一子腔口54受到的压力不会垂直压握子腔口54，不会导致子腔口54乃至子腔口54其上的环状支撑件56严重变形，在完全释放后，第一子腔口54及其上的环状支撑件56容易恢复完整形态，方便分支支架的快速植入。
在其他实施例中，分支覆膜31的远端子腔口34及第二子腔口32周围设有环状支撑件。
如图1所示，主体管20还包括固定于主体覆膜22的壁面上的主体管支撑骨架24。子体管30由管状的分支覆膜31围成，从而将所述主体管20的内腔分隔成主体管内腔25及一子体管内腔33，第二子腔口32位于子体管内腔33的近端，远端子腔口34位于子体管内腔33的远端。主体管内腔25的远端连通主腔口52，子体管内腔33的远离连通第一子腔口54。主体管20是血管分流架100的主体结构，主体管20的横端面的形状是与血管配合的圆形或椭圆形。主体管支撑骨架24缝合在主体覆膜22上，主体管支撑骨架24由若干环状波形支撑杆242沿主体覆膜22的轴向排布而成。每一环状波形支撑杆242可以是高波支撑杆或高低波支撑杆等，所述高波支撑杆是指环状波形支撑杆242上的各个波峰的高度相同，且各个波谷的高度也相同，即，各个波峰及各个波谷分别在同一平面上；所述高低波支撑杆是指环状波形支撑杆242上的各个波峰的高度不相同，各个波谷的高度也可以不相同。
主体管支撑骨架24包括若干个正弦波形的环状波形支撑杆242，这些环状波形支撑杆242沿所述主体覆膜22的轴向间隔排列。每一环状波形支撑杆242的每一正弦波形均包括一波峰2421、一波谷2423及连接于所述波峰2421与所述波谷2423之间的一连接杆2425。每一个环状波形支撑杆242通过一条超弹性镍钛丝编织而成，所述超弹性镍钛合金丝可选择的丝径(即直径)范围为0.1mm～0.6mm。每一个环状波形支撑杆242上设置有一连接套，所述连接套将所述环状波形支撑杆242相对的两端连接，即，所述环状波形支撑杆242相对的两端均收纳于所述连接套内，然后再通过机械压紧或者焊接方式将镍钛丝的两个端固定在连接套的内部。
本实施例中，环状波形支撑杆242采用0.5mm直径的镍钛丝编织而成，所述正弦波数量为9个，环状波形支撑杆242的垂直高度为6-15mm。
在其他实施例中，所述正弦波数量可以是其他数量，环状波形支撑杆242的垂直高度可以是任意高度。
在其他实施例中，主体管支撑骨架24可以是编织的网状结构或切割而成的网状结构。
主体覆膜22及分支覆膜31均采用涤纶布、PTFE、PET或者其他高分子材料制成，主体管支撑骨架24通过缝线缝合在主体覆膜22上，即，所述缝线可以沿着每一环状波形支撑杆242的波形走向而伴随整个主体管支撑骨架24。所述缝线也可以通过若干非等间距分布的缝合小结将每一环状波形支撑杆242缝合在主体覆膜22上。
子体管内腔33是由分支覆膜31独立合围而成，分支覆膜31与主体覆膜22之间的空腔为主体管内腔25。通过这种设计，当压握所述血管分流架100时，能使血管分流架100的整体直径减小，从而能降低输送系统用于装配鞘管的直径，方便血管分流架100的输送。主体管内腔25的直径大于子体管内腔33直径，子体管30数量可以根据实际需要设定，一般在1-4个，优选1-3个；第一密封膜50上开设有与子体管30对应的1-4个第一子腔口54，优选2-4个第一子腔口54。主体管内腔25和子体管内腔33的横端面形状为圆形、椭圆形、梭形或无规则曲面形等。
本实施例中，子体管30的数量为一个，子体管30贴触主体管20的内表面，子体管30的远端与第一子腔口54连通。
主腔口52及第一子腔口54均开设于第一密封膜50上，分支覆膜31的远端对应第一子腔口54密封连接于第一密封膜50。即，第一密封膜50将主体覆膜22和分支覆膜31连接在一起，并封闭主体管20与子体管30之间的空隙。主腔口52的开口面积小于主体覆膜22的径向横截面积，第一子腔口54的开口面积小于主腔口52的开口面积，主腔口52的开口面积大于单个子腔口54的开口面积，优选主腔口52的开口面积与单个子腔口54的开口面积之比为3:1-6:1。进一步地，主腔口52的开口面积大于全部子腔口54的开口面积之和，从而为主血流口提供更充足的空间。
在其他实施例中，主腔口52的开口面积也可以与第一子腔口54的开口面积相同。
如图3所示，每一子体管30的分支覆膜31上固定有波状支撑件35，波状支撑件35可以增加子体管30的支撑强度，防止接入的子支管支架因受到主体支架的压迫，产生血流不畅，甚至堵塞的后果。波状支撑件35可以根据分支覆膜31的形状设定。即，分支覆膜31上可以固定一个波状支撑件35，或分支覆膜31上沿其轴向排列若干间隔的若干波状支撑件35，这些波状支撑件35围成分支覆膜31的子体管支撑骨架。本实施例中，至少一波状支撑件35的远端靠近环状支撑件56；优选地，至少一波状支撑件35的远端连接于环状支撑件56。
波状支撑件35可以是环状的或者开环的，波状支撑件35的结构、形状及材料与主体管20上的环状波形支撑杆242相似，在此不再赘述。
在其他实施例中，分支覆膜31上也可以固定编织网状的子体管支撑骨架。
在其他实施例中，分支覆膜31也可以是半管状结构，所述半管状结构的分支覆膜31缝合在主体覆膜22的内表面上，以与主体覆膜22共同合围形成半圆形的子体管。
请一并参阅图4及图5，图4是本申请第二实施例提供的血管分流架100a的立体结构示意图；图5是图4中的血管分流架100a的另一视角的立体结构示意图。本申请第二实施例提供的血管分流架100a的结构与第一实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第二实施例中，主体管20内轴向插设有两个分支管30，每一分支管30包括管状的分支覆膜31，两个分支覆膜31的外周面相邻；两个分支覆膜31容置于主体覆膜22的内腔，第一密封膜50设置于主体覆膜22的远端与两个分支覆膜22的远端之间，第一密封膜50设有两个第一子腔口54，两个分支覆膜31的远端子腔口34分别密封连接于第一密封膜50的两个第一子腔口54；两个分支覆膜31的近端分别设有第二子腔口32。每一第一子腔口54围成 的平面与主体管20的轴线的夹角小于90度。两个第一子腔口54围成的平面可以平行，也可以不平行；本实施例中，两个第一子腔口54围成的平面，两个第二子腔口32围成的平面平行。
在其他实施例中，两个分支覆膜31的轴向长度可以相同，也可以不相同，两个分支覆膜31的第二子腔口32围成的平面可以共面，也可以不共面。
请一并参阅图6-图8，图6是本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架100b的立体结构示意图；图7是图6中的血管分流架100b的另一视角的立体结构示意图；图8是本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架100b的防漏件40与分支管30的立体分解结构示意图本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架100b的结构与第二实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：分支覆膜31于第二子腔口32的周围与主体覆膜22之间设有防漏件40。
本实施例提供的血管分流架100b通过在分支覆膜31的第二子腔口32的周围与主体覆膜22的内表面之间设有防漏件40，且在主体覆膜22的远端与分支覆膜22的远端之间设有第一密封膜50；因此，当在主体管20的主腔口52内插入主体支架时，第一密封膜50的边缘能紧贴于主体管20的外表面，防漏件40的边缘也能紧贴于主体管20的外表面，从而使血管分流架100b的远端及近端与插接于主腔口52内的主体支架的外表面紧密贴合，能有效地防止内漏。
防漏件40是连接于第二子腔口32的周围的防漏片，所述防漏片用于密封主体覆膜22与分支覆膜31之间的间隙。具体地，防漏件40可以是由若干片防漏片拼接而成，这些防漏片分别密封连接于主体覆膜22的内表面与分支覆膜31的外表面之间，这些防漏片围成一通孔，防漏件40的所述通孔的边缘密封贴合于分支覆膜31的外表面；优选地，防漏件40的所述通孔的孔边缘密封连接于第二子腔口32的边缘，防漏件40背离主腔口52一侧的外周边密封连接于主体覆膜22的内表面。
在其它实施例中，防漏片围成的通孔并不是完整的通孔，其可仅密封连接于分支覆膜31左右两侧，分支覆膜31的后侧与主体覆膜22密封连接，分支覆膜31的前侧在植入主体支架后，可与主体支架密封卡接。
本实施例中，防漏件40包括两片防漏片，每一防漏片为防漏覆膜41，两片防漏覆膜41分别密封连接于分支覆膜31的第二子腔口32的边缘与主体覆膜22的内表面之间。即分支覆膜31的近端相对的两侧分别设有一片防漏覆膜41，每一防漏覆膜41连接于分支覆膜31与主体覆膜22之间。通过片状防漏片的设计，其可以更灵活的设置防漏件的位置，也可以从整体上减少分流架的覆膜使用量，从而降低输送器鞘管直径。同时防漏件40的结构较小，在释放过程中不会影响血流的通畅性。
如图8所示，每一防漏覆膜41为三边形的防漏覆膜片，每一防漏覆膜41包括首尾相连接的第一边缘411、第二边缘413及第三边缘415；防漏覆膜片41的第一边缘411用于密封连接于分支覆膜31，防漏覆膜片41的第二边缘413密封连接于主体覆膜22，防漏覆膜片41的第三边缘415连接于分支覆膜31与主体覆膜22之间。优选地，每一防漏覆膜41的第一边缘411呈对应分支覆膜31的外表面的弧形边，即第一边缘411的圆心位于分支覆膜31的轴心线上；第二边缘413呈对应主体覆膜22的内表面的弧形边，即第二边缘413的圆心位于主体覆膜22的轴心线上；第三边缘415可以是直线边，也可以是弧形边。
优选地，每一防漏覆膜41的第三边缘415设置弹性第一支撑件416，第一支撑件416沿所述第三边缘415延伸，第一支撑件416相对的两端分别连接于分支覆膜31与主体覆膜22之间；在血管分流架100展开时，第一支撑件416用于支撑防漏覆膜41呈张开状态，防止覆膜软塌，以致干扰主体支架的植入。当在主腔口52内插入主体支架时，第一支撑件416能紧贴于主体管20的外表面，使每一防漏覆膜41的第三边缘415密封贴合于主体覆膜31的外表面，以防止内漏。具体地，第一支撑件416为弹性支撑杆，所述弹性支撑杆设置于第三边缘415上，并沿第三边缘415的长度方向延伸。
在其他实施例中，每一防漏覆膜41的第一边缘411和第二边缘413的两者之一上设有弹性的第二支撑件，所述第二支撑件连接于分支覆膜31或主体覆膜22；第三边缘415上也设有弹性的第一支撑件416，所述第二支撑件与第一支撑件416的一端相连接，从而在血管分流架100展开时支撑防漏覆膜41呈张开状态。优选地，所述第二支撑件为弹性的支撑杆。
在其他实施例中，每一防漏覆膜41的第一边缘411、第二边缘413及第三边缘415均设有弹性的支撑件，即三个所述支撑件沿对应的第一边缘411、第二边缘413及第三边缘415的长度方向延伸，三个所述支撑件首尾相连接，第一边缘411上的支撑件连接于分支覆膜31、第二边缘413上的支撑件连接于主体覆膜22，以及第三边缘415的支撑件连接于分支覆膜31与主体覆膜22之间，从而在血管分流架100展开时支撑防漏覆膜41呈张开状态。优选地，每一支撑件为弹性的支撑杆。
在其它实施例中，防漏覆膜41也可以缝合或其他柔性加固的方式，例如，通过固定连接于分支覆膜31左右两侧，以及分支覆膜31的后侧与主体覆膜22固定连接，优选的固定连接方式为缝合连接，通过这两条边缘的缝合，第三条边的形态可以达到一定程度上的稳定，也可在第三条边上缝上一圈线以加固支撑效果。这种方式能够降低鞘管直径，同时分流架整体的柔顺性会更好。
如图9所示，图9是本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架100b的防漏件40a的另一实施方式。防漏件40a是一整片的防漏片，所述防漏片为防漏覆膜43，防漏覆膜43的中部设有相邻的两个通孔430，防漏覆膜43的通孔430的边缘密封贴合于对应的分支覆膜31的外表面，防漏覆膜43背离主腔口52的外周边缘密封连接于主体覆膜22的内表面。优选地，防漏覆膜43呈月牙形，其包括面朝主体覆膜22内表面的第一弧形边缘431及背离第一弧形边缘431的第二弧形边缘433，防漏覆膜43的第一弧形边缘431用于密封连接于主体覆膜22，第二弧形边缘433用于密封贴合于插接在主体管20的主腔口52内的主体支架的外表面。
优选地，防漏件40a的第一弧形边缘431和/或第二弧形边缘433设有弹性的支撑件，第一弧形边缘431上的支撑件连接于主体覆膜22的内表面，第二弧形边缘433上的支撑件紧贴于插接在主体管20的主腔口52内的主体支架的外表面。进一步地，所述支撑件为弹性的支撑杆，所述支撑杆沿第一弧形边缘431和/或第二弧形边缘433延伸。
在其他实施例中，防漏覆膜43的中部设有三个或三个以上的通孔，主体覆膜22的内腔容置有三个或三个以上的分支管30，第一密封膜50上开设有三个或三个以上的第一子腔口54，每一分支管30的远端子腔口34密封连接于第一密封膜50对应的第一子腔口54，每一分支管30的第二子腔口32密封连接于防漏覆膜43对应的通孔430内。
请一并参阅图10及图11，图10是本申请第三实施例提供的血管分流架100b的其中一使用状态立体结构示意图；图11是图10中沿XI-XI线的剖视图。使用血管分流架100b时，将主体支架800的一端自远端插入主体管20的主腔口52内，主体支架800扩张第一密封膜50的主腔口52的内径，第一密封膜50变形使主腔口52的边缘紧贴于主体支架800的外表面；同时，主体支架800也扩张两个防漏件40的第三边缘415，每一防漏件40变形使第三边缘415紧贴于主体支架800的外表面；此时，子体管30的远端及近端分别通过第一密封膜50及防漏件40进行密封，能有效地防止内漏。此时，第一子腔口54围成的平面倾斜于主体管20的轴线，再在血管分流架100b的每一子体管30的子体管内腔33内插接子支管支架，以构成血管支架，即，所述血管支架还包括血管分流架、主体支架800及子支管支架，主体支架800的一端穿过第一密封膜50上的主腔口52插接于血管分流架的主体管20内，防漏件40及第一密封膜50与主体支架800的外表面紧密贴合，所述子支管支架的一端穿过第一密封膜50上第一子腔口54插接于血管分流架的分支管30内。通过在分支覆膜31近端子腔口的周围与主体覆膜22的内表面之间设有防漏件40，防漏件40与主体支架800及分支覆膜31在血管支架的近端也形成密封结构，一方面，虽然第一密封膜50能够起到一定的密封效果，防止血管支架内 漏的发生，但近端血液持续性地流向第一密封膜50，使得第一密封膜50超过其负载极限，仍有可能发生内漏，通过防漏件40的设置，从血液流入的近端开始阻挡血液，与远端第一密封膜50形成双重密封效果，可以进一步降低内漏的发生；另一方面，防止血液进入到由分支覆膜31与主体支架800之间的夹缝中，这个夹缝的远端设置有第一密封膜50，血液无法流动，容易形成血栓。
请一并参阅图12及图13，图12是本申请第四实施例提供的血管分流架100c的立体结构示意图；图13是图12中的血管分流架100c的另一视角的立体结构示意图。本申请第四实施例提供的血管分流架100c的结构与第三实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第四实施例中，防漏件40c是设于分支覆膜31相对两侧的防漏框45，两个防漏框45用于密封分支覆膜31的近端与主体覆膜22之间的间隙。具体地，其中一分支覆膜31远离另一分支覆膜31的一侧与主体覆膜22的内表面之间设有一个防漏框45，防漏框45的远端面连接于第一密封膜50，防漏框45的近端面邻近分支覆膜31的近端面；优选地，防漏框45的近端面边缘与对应的分支覆膜31的第二子腔口32的周围密封连接。
请一并参阅图14，图14是图12中的其中一防漏件40c的立体结构示意图。每一防漏框45包括贴合于第一密封膜50的远端面451、背离远端面451的近端面452、贴合分支覆膜31的第一贴合面454、贴合主体覆膜22的第二贴合面455，以及连接于远端面451、近端面452、第一贴合面454及第二贴合面455之间的密封面456，至少近端面452设有第二密封膜457以及密封面456设有第三密封膜458，通过在密封面456上设置第三密封膜458，可进一步提高分流支架与主体支架组合后的密封效果，防止因主体支架与分流支架释放后未实现完美密封而发生内漏的风险，同时防漏框45作为一个整体设计，其结构也更为稳定。
当每一防漏框45连接于对应的分支覆膜31与主体覆膜22之间时，近端部452上的第二密封膜457密封连接于分支覆膜31、主体覆膜22及密封面456的第三密封膜458的近端之间；密封面456上的第三密封膜458的远端密封连接于第一密封膜50，第三密封膜458相对的两侧边缘密封连接于分支覆膜31及主体覆膜22。此时，远端面451与第一密封膜50共用覆膜，第一贴合面454与分支覆膜31共用覆膜，第二贴合面455与主体覆膜22共用覆膜；通过在分流支架上相连接的面共用覆膜，可减小分流支架整体覆膜的使用率，从而降低输送器鞘管直径。第二密封膜457、第三密封膜458、分支覆膜31及主体覆膜22围成密封的框体，从而使分支覆膜31与主体覆膜22之间通过防漏框45密封，防止内漏。
在其他实施例中，近端面452上的第二密封膜457与密封面456上第三密封膜458为一体结构，这种一体结构的设计让防漏框45的整体结构更为稳定，支撑性能也更加好，即使在没有支撑件的情况下，也能够稳定维持其整体形态，第二密封膜457与第三密封膜458之间也无其他连接结构，避免了内漏的风险。
在其他实施例中，密封面456上的第三密封膜458的边缘设有弹性的支撑环，用于撑开防漏框45；所述支撑环的周围分别连接于第一密封膜50、分支覆膜31、主体覆膜22及近端面452上的第二密封膜457。
在其他实施例中，防漏框45的远端面451、近端面452、第一贴合面454、第二贴合面455，以及密封面456上均可以设有密封膜；进一步地，这些密封膜可以是一体结构。
请参阅图15，图15是本申请第四实施例提供的血管分流架100c的其中一防漏件的另一实施方式的结构示意图。本实施方式中的防漏框40d结构与第四实施例相似，不同之处在于：每一防漏框40d的内腔填充有能膨胀性的材料，或者每一防漏框40d的内腔设有绒毛结构,能加速血栓的形成，提高密封效果。
请参阅图16，图16是本申请第五实施例提供的血管分流架100d的立体结构示意图。本申请第五实施例提供的血管分流架100d的结构与第二实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：环状支撑件56近端靠近第一密封膜50远离主体覆膜22一侧的边缘，每一子体管30的分支覆膜31上设置有至少一支撑件60。当血管分流架100d在自然展开的状态下，支撑 件60用于支撑环状支撑件56，使对应的远端子腔口34保持张开状态，方便子支管支架穿过远端子腔口34插接于子体管内腔33内。
具体地，支撑件60呈倒V形，其包括一端相交的两根支撑杆62，两根支撑杆62的相交处连接于对应的环状支撑件56，两根支撑杆62分别连接于分支覆膜31。每一支撑杆62材料为镍钛丝，丝径为0.10毫米-0.40毫米，优选的，丝径为0.20毫米-0.30毫米。支撑杆62可通过缝合或者热压等方式固定在分支覆膜31上，在本实施例中，支撑杆62通过缝合的方式固定在分支覆膜31的边缘上。
请参阅图17，图17是本申请第六实施例提供的血管分流架100e的立体结构示意图。本申请第六实施例提供的血管分流架100e的结构与第三实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：环状支撑件56近端靠近第一密封膜50远离主体覆膜22一侧的边缘，每一子体管30的分支覆膜31上设置有至少一支撑件60。当血管分流架100e在自然展开的状态下，支撑件60用于支撑环状支撑件56，使对应的远端子腔口34保持张开状态，方便子支管支架穿过远端子腔口34插接于子体管内腔33内。具体地，支撑件60呈倒V形，其包括一端相交的两根支撑杆62，两根支撑杆62的相交处连接于对应的环状支撑件56，两根支撑杆62分别连接于分支覆膜31。支撑杆62可通过缝合或者热压等方式固定在分支覆膜31上，在本实施例中，支撑杆62通过缝合的方式固定在分支覆膜31的边缘上。
请参阅图18，图18是本申请第七实施例提供的血管分流架100f的立体结构示意图。本申请第七实施例提供的血管分流架100f的结构与第二实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第七实施例中，每一子体管30于第一子腔口54的边缘设置有显影结构80，显影结构80为连续或间断缠绕于环状支撑件56上的显影丝。或者环状支撑件56为掺有显影材料的合金所制成，例如所述镍钛合金金属丝由含钽的镍钛合金金属丝，所述镍钛合金金属丝的直径为0.10毫米-0.40毫米。
本实施例中，环状支撑件56由记忆合金制成的金属环，例如镍钛合金环状结构，所述金属环适应第一子腔口54的边缘形状，显影结构80是连续或间断缠绕于所述金属环上的显影丝。由于环状的显影结构80具有显影性且为环状结构，在手术过程中通过影像设备能清楚地观察出环状的显影结构80的位置，即，能观察至所述环状的显影结构80是第一子腔口54的边缘一围，而不是零散的显影点，因此，更方便快捷的在第一子腔口54内插入分支血管支架。所述显影件材料包括但不限于金、铂、铂-钨、钯、铂-铱、铑、钽，或这些金属的合金或复合物。
在其他实施例中，环状支撑件56的外表面上可以镶设或贴设有至少一周的显影材料，如在环状支撑件56上镶设有显影金属丝，或在环状支撑件56的外表面上粘贴至少一周显影金属丝84。优选的，环状支撑件56上缠绕钽丝。
在其他实施例中，显影结构80为连续或者间断固定在第一子腔口54边缘于第一密封膜50上的显影点，所述显影点通过缝合、冲压、热压、镶设或贴设的方式固定在环状支撑件56上或者缝合在环状支撑件56所在的第一密封膜50上。
在其他实施例中，主腔口52边缘也设置有环状显影结构，所述环状显影结构为连续或者间断固定在主腔口52边缘的第一密封膜50上的显影点。
请参阅图19，图19是本申请第八实施例提供的血管分流架100g的立体结构示意图。本申请第八实施例提供的血管分流架100g的结构与第四实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第八实施例中，环状支撑件56近端靠近第一密封膜50远离主体覆膜22一侧的边缘，每一子体管30的分支覆膜31上设置有至少一支撑件60。当血管分流架100f在自然展开的状态下，支撑件60用于支撑环状支撑件56，使对应的远端子腔口34保持张开状态，方便子支管支架穿过远端子腔口34插接于子体管内腔33内。具体地，支撑件60呈倒V形，其包括一端相交的两根支撑杆62，两根支撑杆62的相交处连接于对应的环状支撑件56，两根支撑杆62分别连接于分支覆膜31。支撑杆62可通过缝合或者热压等方式固定在分支覆膜31上，在本实施例中，支撑杆62通过缝合的方式固定在分支覆膜31的边缘上。
请参阅图20，图20是本申请第九实施例提供的血管分流架100h的立体结构示意图。本申请第九实施例提供的血管分流架100h的结构与第二实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第九实施例中，第一密封膜50的主腔口52的边缘设有定位件，所述定位件固定于主腔口52远离主体管20的侧壁一侧的边缘的第一密封膜50上。
具体地，所述定位件是固定于主腔口52远离主体管20的侧壁一侧的第一密封膜50上的定位杆70，定位杆70具有弹性，定位杆70用于定位第一密封膜50，即，固定第一密封膜50的方向，增加密封膜开口边缘的支撑力，防止第一密封膜50远离主体管20侧壁的一侧软塌。定位杆70由记忆合金丝所制，优选镍钛合金丝。
定位杆70沿所述第一密封膜50上的主腔口52连接主体管20的侧壁一侧的边缘向主体管20的中心延伸，定位杆70相对的两端分别连接于主体管20的侧壁上。因此，当在主体管20的主腔口52内插入主体支架时，定位杆70能紧贴于所述主体支架的外表面，从而使第一密封膜50与所述主体支架的外表面紧密贴合，以防止内漏，且也方便所述主体支架插入主体管20的主腔口52内，增加所述主体支架与血管分流架的兼容性，使所述主体支架与血管分流架接合的更稳定。
本实施例中，定位杆70由三段圆弧杆连接而成的波浪形结构，定位杆70包括位于中间的一第一圆弧杆72，以及连接于所述第一圆弧杆72相对的两端的两段第二圆弧杆74，两段第二圆弧杆74的结构相同，且沿第一圆弧杆72的中点对称。两段第二圆弧杆74与第一圆弧杆72之间平滑连接，第一圆弧杆72与两段第二圆弧杆74是一体式结构，定位杆70由忆合金丝弯折而成。
在其他实施例中，第一圆弧杆72与两段第二圆弧杆74可以是分体式结构，即，第一圆弧杆72与两段第二圆弧杆74通过机械压紧或者焊接方式连接于一体。
如图20，第一圆弧杆72的中部朝所述主腔口52弯曲，每一第二圆弧杆74的中部朝远离主腔口52的一侧弯曲。定位杆70的直径为0.10毫米-0.40毫米之间，本实施例中，定位杆70的直径为0.20毫米-0.30毫米。定位杆70可通过缝合或者热压等方式固定在第一密封膜50上，在本实施例中，定位杆70通过缝合的方式固定在第一密封膜50的边缘上。
在其他实施例中，定位杆70可采用含显影材料的记忆合金丝制成，以方便在主腔口52内插入分支血管支架。
在其他实施例中，定位杆70上连续或间断缠绕有显影丝。
在其他实施例中，定位杆70上镶设或贴设有显影结构。如在定位杆70上镶设有显影金属丝。
请参阅图21，图21是本申请第十实施例提供的血管分流架100i的立体结构示意图。本申请第十实施例提供的血管分流架100i的结构与第九实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第十实施例中，第一密封膜50上设置有至少一支撑件60，至少一支撑件60连接于所述定位杆70与环状支撑件56之间，至少一支撑件60是固定于第一密封膜50的支撑杆，所述支撑杆一端连接于定位杆70，支撑杆60的另一端连接于环状支撑件56。所述支撑杆60材料为镍钛丝，丝径为0.10毫米-0.40毫米，优选的，丝径为0.20毫米-0.30毫米。
本实施例中，第一密封膜50上开设有两个相切的第一子腔口54，主体管20的主体管内腔25内设置有两个子体管30，两个子体管30的远端分别连通两个第一子腔口54。两个第一子腔口54位于远离主腔口52的一侧，两个子体管30的外侧面均贴触于主体管内腔25的内壁。支撑杆60固定于第一密封膜50，且连接于定位杆70与两个第一子腔口54的相切点之间。第一密封膜50向两个第一子腔口54凹陷，即，第一密封膜50朝两个所述第一子腔口54倾斜。优选地，支撑杆60的一端固定于定位杆70的第一圆弧杆72上，优选为固定于所述第一圆弧杆72的中点，支撑杆60的另一端固定于第一子腔口54的相切点之间。
请参阅图22，图22是本申请第十一实施例提供的血管分流架100j的立体结构示意图。本申请第十实施例提供的血管分流架100j的结构与第九实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第十一实施例中，第一密封膜50上开设有两个第一子腔口54，第一密封膜50上间隔地固定有两根支撑杆60，两根支撑杆60分别连接于两个第一子腔口54的边缘与定位杆70之间。具体的，每一支撑杆60的一端固定于所述定位杆70的第二圆弧杆74上，另一端固定于对应的第一子腔口54边缘的环状支撑件56。
本实施例中，两根支撑杆60呈倒“八”字形。
在其他实施例中，两根支撑杆60可以相互平行地固定于所述第一密封膜50上，每一支撑杆60连接于对应的第一子腔口54的边缘与定位杆70之间。
在其他实施例中，第一密封膜50上可以固定有三根或三根以上的支撑杆60，其中一部分支撑杆60连接于其中一个所述第一子腔口54边缘的环状支撑件56与定位杆70之间，另外一部分支撑杆60连接于另外一个第一子腔口54边缘的环状支撑件56与定位杆70之间。
请参阅图23，图23是本申请第十二实施例提供的血管分流架100k的立体结构示意图。本申请第十二实施例提供的血管分流架100k的结构与第十一实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第十二实施例中，如图23所示，支撑杆60a包括一第一杆体64及倾斜地连接于第一杆体64的一端的一第二杆体65，第一杆体64与第二杆体65之间的夹角的角度范围为24～130度。每一支撑杆60a的第一杆体64固定于第一密封膜50上，第二杆体65固定于对应的子体管30的侧壁上，即，第二杆体65固定于对应的子体管30的分支覆膜31上，第一杆体64与第二杆体65的相交处位于第一密封膜50与对应的子体管30的侧壁的相交处。第一杆体64与第一密封膜50的倾斜角度一致，第二杆体65沿对应的分支覆膜31的轴向延伸。每一第一杆体64远离对应的第二杆体65的一端固定于所述定位杆70上。优选的，每一第一杆体64远离对应的第二杆体65的一端固定于对应的第二圆弧杆74上。
本实施例中，第一杆体64与第二杆体65是一体式，第一杆体64与第二杆体65之间的角度通过热压弯折定型而成。第一杆体64与所述第二杆体65通过缝合的方式分别固定在第一密封膜50和分支覆膜31上。
本实施例中的支撑杆60a的第一杆体64固定于第一密封膜50上，第一杆体64的远离第二杆体65的端部固定于定位杆70上，支撑杆60a及定位杆70对第一密封膜50有支撑作用；第二杆体65固定于分支覆膜31上，不仅能支撑第一密封膜50，且也能定位对应的分支覆膜31，能够增强子体管30的径向支撑力，使第一密封膜50与主体管20的侧壁围成一个稳定的喇叭口结构，从而主体管20及子体管30内的血液流动更顺畅，且方便插接分支血管支架至主腔口52及第一子腔口54内。
在其他实施例中，第一密封膜50也可以仅设置一根支撑杆60a。支撑杆60a的第一杆体64固定于第一密封膜50上，且第一杆体64的远离第二杆体65的端部固定于定位杆70上，第二杆体65固定于两个子体管30的相切处。
在其他实施例中，第一密封膜50也可以仅设置一根支撑杆60a，第一密封膜50上仅开设一个第一子腔口54，支撑杆60a的第一杆体64固定于所述第一密封膜50上，第二杆体65固定于第一子腔口54的分支覆膜31上，第一杆体64与第二杆体65的相交处位于第一密封膜50与分支覆膜31的相交处，第一杆体64远离第二杆体65的一端连接于定位杆70。
请参阅图24，图24是本申请第十三实施例提供的血管分流架100m的立体结构示意图。本申请第十三实施例提供的血管分流架100m的结构与第九实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第十三实施例中，子体管30于第一子腔口54的边缘设置有显影结构80，显影结构80为连续或间断缠绕于环状支撑件56上的显影丝。或者环状支撑件56为掺有显 影材料的合金所制成，例如所述镍钛合金金属丝由含钽的镍钛合金金属丝，所述镍钛合金金属丝的直径为0.10毫米-0.40毫米。
本实施例中，所述环状支撑件56由记忆合金制成的金属环，例如镍钛合金环状结构，所述金属环适应所述第一子腔口54的边缘形状，所述显影结构80是连续或间断缠绕于所述金属环上的显影丝。由于环状的显影结构80具有显影性且为环状结构，在手术过程中通过影像设备能清楚地观察出环状的显影结构80的位置，即，能观察至所述环状的显影结构80是第一子腔口54的边缘一围，而不是零散的显影点，因此，更方便快捷的在第一子腔口54内插入分支血管支架。
请参阅图25，图25是本申请第十四实施例提供的血管分流架100n的立体结构示意图。本申请第十四实施例提供的血管分流架100n的结构与第九实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第十四实施例中，环状支撑件56的边缘与所述定位杆70连接。具体地，第一密封膜50上的第一子腔口54的一侧靠近定位杆70，或者与定位杆70相切，从而使设于第一子腔口54边缘的环状支撑件56与定位杆70连接，使得环状支撑件56稳定地撑开第一子腔口54，方便子支管支架的插入。
本实施例中，第一密封膜50上开设相邻的两个第一子腔口54，每一第一子腔口54可以为椭圆形或圆形，第一密封膜50于每一第一子腔口54的边缘设有椭圆形或圆形的环状支撑件56；每一第一子腔口54围成的平面倾斜于主体管20的轴线，具体地，每一第一子腔口54围成的平面与主体管20的轴线的夹角小于90度。每一第一子腔口54上的环状支撑件56远离主体覆膜22的一侧连接于定位杆70，通过环状支撑件56在第一密封膜上的延伸支撑，能够进一步固定第一密封膜50的方向，防止第一覆膜向主腔内软塌，从而干扰主体支架的植入。
请参阅图26，图26是本申请第十五实施例提供的血管分流架100p的立体结构示意图。本申请第十五实施例提供的血管分流架100p的结构与第十四实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第十五实施例中，环状支撑件56的远端与波状支撑件35的远端均与定位杆70连接。具体地，每一分支覆膜31上固定有波状支撑件35，分支覆膜31最远端的波状支撑件35的远端连接于对应的环状支撑件56的远端，波状支撑件35与环状支撑件56的连接处与定位杆70相连接，从而能更加稳定地撑开第一子腔口54，方便子支管支架的插入。
在其他实施例中，如图27所示，波状支撑件35为高波与低波间隔设置结构，波状支撑件35包括高波支撑杆351以及低波支撑杆352，高波支撑杆351的远端靠近环状支撑件56的远端，优选地方式中，高波支撑杆351的远端与环状支撑件56的远端连接在一起，以提高第一密封膜50与分支覆膜31的整体的支撑稳定性。
在其他实施例中，如图28所示，高波支撑杆351的近端3512与主体管20的轴线平行，所述高波支撑杆的远端3511与主体管20的轴线夹角大于0度小于90度，优选高波支撑杆的远端3511与环状支撑件56所在的平面平行，即优选高波支撑杆的远端3511与主体管20的轴线夹角大于5度小于80度。更优选地，该夹角大于30度小于60度。通过高波支撑杆3512在第一密封膜50与环状支撑件56远端的共同支撑，能够固定第一密封膜50的方向，防止第一密封膜软塌下垂，同时设计也更为简洁，减少了分流支架整体的金属材料使用量，能够通过更小的输送鞘管直径植入分流支架。
请参阅图29，图29是本申请第十六实施例提供的血管分流架100s的立体结构示意图。本申请第十六实施例提供的血管分流架100s的结构与第十五实施例的结构相似，不同之处在于：在第十六实施例中，第一子腔口54的边缘和/或主腔口52的边缘设置有显影结构80，显影结构80为连续或间断缠绕于环状支撑件56上的显影丝。或者环状支撑件56为掺有显影材料的合金所制成，例如所述镍钛合金金属丝由含钽的镍钛合金金属丝，所述镍钛合金金属丝的直径为0.10毫米-0.40毫米。
本实施例中，环状支撑件56由记忆合金制成的金属环，例如镍钛合金环状结构，所述金属环适应第一子腔口54的边缘形状，显影结构80是连续或间断缠绕于所述金属环上的显影丝。由于环状的显影结构80具有显影性且为环状结构， 在手术过程中通过影像设备能清楚地观察出环状的显影结构80的位置，即，能观察至环状的显影结构80是第一子腔口54的边缘一围，而不是零散的显影点，因此，更方便快捷的在第一子腔口54内插入分支血管支架。
位于第一子腔口54或第二子腔口周围的环状支撑件56所在平面与主体管20的轴线夹角大于0度小于90度，优选该夹角大于5度小于80度。更优选地，该夹角大于45度小于60度。在子体管两端设置的环状支撑件56与主体管20的轴线不垂直，压握状态下分流支架100s上的环状支撑件56受到垂直于主体管轴线的压力，会严重变形，导致形态不能很好的维持，而非垂直于主体管20的轴线设置的第一子腔口54及其周围的环状支撑件56避免了垂直径向支撑力的压握，能够较好的维持子腔口54环状支撑件56的形态，更利于分支支架的植入。
需要说明的是，在不脱离本申请实施例原理的前提下，以上各个实施例中的具体技术方案可以相互适用，在这里不做赘述。
以上是本申请实施例的实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请实施例原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种血管分流架，其包括主体管及轴向插设于所述主体管的内腔的至少一分支管，其特征在于，所述主体管包括管状的主体覆膜，至少一分支管包括管状的分支覆膜，所述分支覆膜容置于所述主体覆膜的内腔，所述主体覆膜的远端与所述分支覆膜的远端之间设有第一密封膜，以将所述主体覆膜的内腔分隔出一个主腔口及至少一个第一子腔口，所述第一子腔口密封连接所述分支覆膜的远端，所述第一子腔口围成的平面与所述主腔口围成的平面之间的夹角大于0度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述主腔口围成的平面垂直于所述主体管的轴线。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述第一子腔口围成的平面与所述主体管的轴线的夹角小于90度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述第一子腔口围成的平面与所述主体管的轴线的夹角大于5度小于80度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述分支覆膜的近端设有第二子腔口，所述第一子腔口围成的平面与所述第二子腔口围成的平面平行。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述分支覆膜于所述第二子腔口的周围与所述主体覆膜之间设有防漏件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述防漏件是连接于所述第二子腔口的周围的防漏片，所述防漏片用于密封所述主体覆膜与所述分支覆膜之间的间隙。
  8. 据权利要求6所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述防漏件是设于所述分支覆膜相对两侧的防漏框，所述防漏框用于密封所述分支覆膜的近端与所述主体覆膜之间的间隔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，每一防漏框包括贴合于所述第一密封膜的远端面、背离所述远端面的近端面、贴合所述分支覆膜的第一贴合面、贴合所述主体覆膜的第二贴合面，以及连接于所述远端面、近端面、第一贴合面及第二贴合面之间的密封面，至少所述近端面设有第二密封膜以及所述密封面设有第三密封膜，所述远端面与所述第一密封膜共用覆膜，所述第一贴合面与所述分支覆膜共用覆膜，所述第二贴合面与所述主体覆膜共用覆膜。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，每一防漏覆膜框的内腔填充有能膨胀性的材料，或者每一防漏覆膜框的内腔设有绒毛结构。
  11. 根据权利要求5所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述第一子腔口和第二子腔口周围设有环状支撑件。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述环状支撑件近端靠近第一密封膜远离主体覆膜一侧的边缘。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述分支覆膜的表面设有至少一波状支撑件，至少一所述波状支撑件的远端靠近所述环状支撑件。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述波状支撑件为低波与高波间隔设置结构，所述波状支撑件包括高波支撑杆以及低波支撑杆，所述高波支撑杆的近端与所述主体管的轴线平行，所述高波支撑杆的远端与所述主体管的轴线夹角大于0度小于90度。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述高波的支撑杆的远端边缘靠近所述环状支撑件远端边缘。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述主腔口的边缘设有定位件，所述定位件固定于所述主腔口远离所述主体管的侧壁一侧的边缘的所述第一密封膜上。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述环状支撑件的边缘与所述定位件连接。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的血管分流架，其特征在于，所述环状支撑件的远端与所述波状支撑件的远端均与所述定位件连接。
  19. 一种血管支架，其包括主体支架及子支管支架，其特征在于，所述血管支架还包括如权利要求1至18任一所述的血管分流架，所述主体支架的一端穿过所述第一密封膜上的主腔口插接于所述血管分流架的主体管内，所述子支管支架的一端穿过所述第一密封膜上的子腔口插接于所述分支管内。
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