WO2021223400A1

WO2021223400A1 - Prefabricated combined assembly-type anti-floating tensile prestressed anchor rod member and construction method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2021223400A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/130214
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王林; 陶刚; 王军
Original assignee: 江苏景源万河环境科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-05-06
Filing date: 2020-11-19
Publication date: 2021-11-11
Also published as: CN111395337A

Abstract

Provided are a prefabricated combined assembly-type anti-floating tensile prestressed anchor rod member and a construction method therefor. The prefabricated combined assembly-type anti-floating tensile prestressed anchor rod member comprises an unbonded steel bar or a main reinforcing steel bar, a hollow tubular column for a prestressed anchor rod, and nuts for anchor locking. The unbonded steel bar or the main reinforcing steel bar is inserted into the tubular column; and with the prefabricated hollow tubular column as a support, two ends of the steel bar are tensioned, a prestressing force is applied thereto, and then locked at two ends of the tubular column by means of the nuts, so as to form a prefabricated prestressed anchor rod member. The main reinforcing steel bar is high-strength finish-rolled screw-thread steel, the surface of the main reinforcing steel bar is provided with an anti-corrosion grease layer, and a sleeve is provided outside the anti-corrosion grease layer, so as to form a prefabricated prestressed unbonded steel bar.

Description

Prefabricated combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor rod and construction method thereof

Technical field

The application relates to a new type of prestressed anchor rod, in particular to a prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor rod and its construction method. The prepared anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rods can be prefabricated with pre-stressed anchor rod components and application technology by post-tensioning method, and combined with various anchor heads such as straight or enlarged heads to form a post-tensioned pre-stressed anchor rod system to overcome the anti-floating deformation , The rod body can be elastically deformed in the free section, and it relates to an anchor rod system and even a pressure-resistant pile system that overcomes the pre-stress imposed by the anti-floating straight through or the enlarged headband.

Background technique

Straight-through or enlarged head prestressed bolt technology is a new type of underground engineering application technology, which conforms to the spirit of "energy saving, emission reduction, and green development" advocated by the country. Compared with general traditional technology, it is more economical and environmentally friendly in solving the problems of basement anti-floating and foundation pit support. At the same time, it also has greater advantages in terms of cost, construction period and durability. With the popularization of expanded prestressed bolt technology, more and more projects adopt expanded prestressed bolt technology for basement anti-floating and foundation pit support. At the same time, a large number of engineering practices have shown that the tensile force of prestressed anchor rods is much greater than that of ordinary anchor rods, and ordinary anchor rods have greater deformation and displacement, so they have higher requirements for displacement control than traditional pile foundations, so how can it be better? The control of the deformation of the bolt is a direction for the improvement of the expansion bolt technology. It is well-known that the deformation of prestressed anchor rods includes elastic deformation of the free section of the rod body and creep deformation of the soil in the anchoring section of the enlarged head. Corresponding products and construction methods are required. Body anchor prestressing method.

CN201310321525.0 provides a pre-stressed drill-anchor-grouting anchor cable and a supporting method. The pre-stressed drill-anchor-grouting anchor cable includes a hollow grouting anchor cable with a sleeve, a sleeve, a lock, a washer, and a tray; the front end of the sleeve is provided There is a drill bit, and the sleeve is provided with anchor holes and threads. The hollow grouting anchor cable drives the sleeve to drill holes. When it is reversed, the hollow grouting anchor cable is pushed inward through the thread. The metal nail at the front end of the sleeve pierces the anchoring agent package inside the sleeve, and the anchoring agent is mixed and passed through the sleeve. The anchor hole is discharged and fills the gap between the sleeve and the borehole wall, which plays an anchoring role. The realization of one-time drilling, anchoring and grouting support for loose coal and rock not only solves the problem that the loose coal and rock drilling stuck and collapsed and the anchor cable is not easy to enter.

CN201710363883 A construction method for overcoming the deformation of the anti-floating fixed diameter anchor head or the enlarged head anchor rod system was previously applied by the applicant. When the borehole is drilled to the design depth, high-pressure jet grouting construction or mechanical reaming construction can be carried out, and the anchor is lowered The tie rod of the rod and the fixed diameter anchor head or expansion head. After the expansion head is in place, the expansion mechanism will expand the expansion head to the design size, and then high-pressure grouting or pouring concrete is piled in the expansion section and the entire free section; the tie rod in the anchor rod adopts energy Prestressed threaded steel bars are applied; the spiral stirrups and the foundation slab steel bars on the base are bound to avoid collisions with the prestressed steel bars during the lashing process; finally, the foundation concrete foundation slab is cast by the formwork.

The technology of prefabricating pre-stressed anchor rods by pre-tensioning method is as follows: Engineering practice shows that the displacement of the pressure-bearing variable-diameter steel cage expansion anchor rod is composed of the elastic deformation of the rod body and the slip (plastic deformation) of the expansion section. Partial composition. The applicant’s application for prefabricated prestressed anchor rods: CN2017103638836, a prefabricated prestressed anchor rod member and construction method; CN2017103638836, a construction method for overcoming the deformation of the anti-floating fixed diameter anchor head or enlarged head anchor rod system, but prestressed There is still room for improvement in anchor rods.

The expanded head bolt technology is a new type of underground engineering application technology, which is in line with the spirit of "energy saving, emission reduction, and green development" advocated by the state. Compared with general traditional technology, it is more economical and environmentally friendly in solving the problems of basement anti-floating and foundation pit support. At the same time, it also has greater advantages in terms of construction period and durability. With the popularization of expanded bolt technology, more and more projects adopt expanded bolt technology for basement anti-floating and foundation pit support. At the same time, a large number of engineering practices have shown that the tensile force of the anchor rod is much greater than that of the ordinary anchor rod, and the scale of its deformation and displacement is large, so it is larger than the traditional pile foundation in terms of displacement control, so how to better control the deformation of the anchor rod , Is a direction to improve the expansion bolt technology. After the anchor test, the maximum deformation of the anchor rod is 81.6mm and the residual deformation is about 31.3mm under the action of the ultimate pull-out force. The actual elastic deformation is 50.3mm. It can be seen that the elastic deformation of the anchor rod accounts for more than 50% of the maximum deformation of the anchor rod.

The elastic deformation of the free section of the anchor rod is controlled. The elastic deformation of the rod, that is, the elastic deformation of the steel bar, is mainly controlled by the cross-sectional area of the steel bar, the elastic modulus of the steel bar and the length of the rod. Axial tension and compression deformation formula:

Take the anti-floating anchor rod for the basement of a project in Nanjing as an example. The total length of the anchor rod is 13m (of which the ordinary section of the anchor rod is 10.0m in length and 200mm in diameter; the expanded section is 750mm in diameter and 3.0m in length), and the anchor rod with an uplift characteristic value of 500KN as an example . The calculation table of the theoretical elastic displacement of the pull-out anchor is as follows:

In the state of ultimate load, the theoretical free deformation of the anchor rod reaches 51.75mm.

After the anchor test, the maximum deformation of the anchor rod is 81.6mm and the residual deformation is about 31.3mm under the action of the ultimate pull-out force. The actual elastic deformation is 50.3mm. It can be seen that the elastic deformation of the anchor rod accounts for more than 50% of the maximum deformation of the enlarged head anchor rod.

For the control of the deformation of the anti-floating anchor rod of the enlarged head, the main method at the present stage is to apply prestress to solve the elastic deformation of the free section of the anchor rod by post-tensioning. The implementation step is to slot the bottom plate after the main structure bottom plate is poured. , The bottom plate is used as the fulcrum for applying the prestress, and then after the prestress is applied, the concrete at the groove is poured to complete the anchor bolt locking. The main defect of this method of deformation control is that it needs to be pre-finished and reach the design strength during the construction period of the bottom plate to apply the prestress. This will greatly delay the work stress. Different degrees of damage will have an adverse effect on the waterproofing of the basement. At the same time, it will require longer dewatering for the foundation pit, and the relative cost will increase more. The method to control the deformation of the free section of the pressure-bearing straight-through or variable-diameter steel cage expansion anchor rod is not solved.

The pre-stressed anchor rod assembly still has improvements in that it provides pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed steel anchor components, mainly providing unbonded finish-rolled steel bars as the main reinforcement of the anchor rod, combined and assembled prefabricated The anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor rod is composed of prefabricated pre-stressed unbonded steel bars for anti-floating and tensile anchor rods, hollow pipe columns for prefabricated pre-stressed anchor rods, connections and lock anchor nuts. The unbonded steel bar components are inserted into the pipe string, the prefabricated hollow pipe string is used as the support, the two ends of the steel bar are stretched by the pretensioning method, and after the prestress is applied, it is locked with a nut to form a prefabricated prestressed anchor rod assembly.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this application is to propose a pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile anchor bar, anchor bar and construction method. That is to say, the prepared anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rod can use pre-tensioning method to prefabricate pre-stressed anchor rod components and application technology, and use various anchor heads such as straight or enlarged heads to form a pre-stressed anchor rod system to overcome the anti-floating deformation, The rod body can be elastically deformed in the free section, and the new method is used to apply prestress after the rod is prepared, and the finished product of the prestressed anchor rod is obtained for application, so as to not only achieve the control pressure type straight or variable diameter steel cage expansion prestress The purpose of deformation in anchor bolt engineering practice can better solve factory production, solve the standard problems of cracking, anti-corrosion, and elasticity, especially to save construction time, save costs, and improve project quality and efficiency. At the same time, it also provides a construction method to reduce the creep deformation of the soil under the working state of the prestressed anchor.

The technical solution of the present application is a prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor member, including unbonded steel bars or main reinforcement steel bars, hollow pipe columns for pre-stressed anchors, and nuts for locking anchors; The steel bar or main steel bar penetrates into the pipe column, the prefabricated hollow pipe column is used as the support, the two ends of the steel bar are stretched, and after prestress is applied, the two ends of the pipe column are locked with nuts to form prefabricated prestressed anchors.

The said anti-floating and tensile anchor rods are prefabricated pre-stressed unbonded steel bars, the main rebar is high-strength fine-rolled screw steel; the surface of the main rebar is provided with an anti-corrosion grease layer, and a casing is provided outside the anti-corrosion grease layer to form a prefabricated pre-stress Unbonded steel bars. The main rebar is a main rebar structure in which the segmented main rebar is connected by a connecting nut, that is, the segmented main rebar is connected by a connecting nut to extend the main rebar structure. The number of main reinforcement steel bars is one or one to six parallel steel bars, which are evenly distributed in the center of the prestressed anchor rod. Silk grain, the sleeve is a sleeve made of metal foil and plastic.

The hollow pipe column for prefabricated prestressed anchor rod includes a pipe column prefabricated by concrete with a steel frame, and is a pipe column capable of accommodating unbonded steel bars for anchor rods, and generally has an inner diameter of 3-7 cm and an outer diameter of 10 cm. -30cm, the size can be set according to the needs of the project, the prefabricated concrete pipe column is equipped with or without a skeleton, the skeleton chooses the reinforcement material, the optional reinforcement material includes but not limited to several vertical bars, stirrups, and steel sleeves , Steel wire mesh cage, pressure plate, anchor plate, pressure flange, etc., the reinforcement material is wrapped with one of concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials and condenses and solidifies to form a pipe column.

Said hollow pipe column for prefabricated prestressed anchor rod, after prestressing the reinforcement material vertical steel bar, steel sleeve, steel cage, steel wire mesh cage, and then wrapped with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials One of them is condensed and solidified, and can also be poured into a solid to form a prefabricated prestressed pipe string. It can also be used as an independent commercial anchor rod assembly for the prefabricated prestressed pipe string. Prefabricated prestressed unbonded steel bars for anti-floating and tensile anchor rods, can be combined with prefabricated prestressed anchor rods, connections and anchor nuts to form this application, and can also be used as prefabricated prestressed unbonded steel independent products. It is used in all kinds of bolt application schemes that use pre-tensioning and post-tensioning methods to solve pre-stressing problems; prefabricated pre-stressed bolts are used in hollow pipe columns for steel bars, and grease and casing can be selected according to design needs.

The connection and lock anchor nut can be external or built-in embedded in the pipe string and integrated with the prefabricated pre-stressed anchor pipe string. A nut connector or other method is adopted to connect the two or Two or more prefabricated prestressed anchor rods are connected to achieve the required length.

Pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile anchor bars, including main-reinforced steel (including main-reinforcement or main-reinforcement connection structure with main-reinforcement through connecting nuts) as the basic load-bearing structure, and the main-reinforcement is finished-rolled and unbonded Reinforcing steel bars, the surface of the main steel bars is provided with an anti-corrosion grease layer, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is provided with a plastic film cover; the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated through the anti-corrosion grease layer device, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated without the adhesive ribs. Polypropylene plastic film, and then cooling the barrel mold to form a plastic sleeve (pipe); outside the plastic sleeve, it is wrapped with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials and cured; the prestress is applied to the main reinforcement steel bar, and the curing is completed Prestress is applied after reaching the required strength, or high-strength finished hollow pipe string can be prefabricated first to form prestressed anchor rods; the main reinforcement steel bar is locked with a nut, and the tensile steel bar is prestressed to form a prefabricated prestressed anchor rod Assembly. The end of the main reinforcement can be equipped with a steel cage or an enlarged diameter (variable diameter) steel cage; concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable material is wrapped and solidified; according to the design requirements for prestressing, the main reinforcement is steel , And equipped with steel reinforcement materials. Reinforcement materials include steel bars, steel cages, stirrups, steel sleeves, steel wire mesh cages, pressure plates, pressure-bearing flange nuts, connecting nuts, etc.; main steel reinforcement and configuration steel reinforcement materials Together, it is condensed and solidified to form an anchor rod. The pre-stressed anti-floating tensile steel anchor rod is applied after the main steel bar, and the anti-floating tensile stress of the steel bar is fully reflected.

It constitutes an unbonded pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-stressed anti-floating and anti-tensile steel anchor rod, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is anti-corrosion grease or anti-corrosion asphalt, polymer or other anti-corrosion materials.

The front end of the main reinforcement of the anchor rod assembly is provided with a device for connecting or grafting with a variable-diameter steel cage, a fixed-diameter steel cage, a bladder, an anchor pad or other anchor heads to form a prefabricated pre-stressed anchor rod system .

The combined assembly type anchor rod assembly constitutes an engineering part that is compressive and tensile (mainly tensile and with better effect) in practical applications. The extended connection type anchor rod is the anchor rod that can be connected into an elongated rod and finally becomes a component.

There are generally two ways to fix the pre-tensioned pre-stressed anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rods. One method is to pour concrete on the pre-stressed steel bars while applying the pre-stress, and the concrete is completed after solidification; Concrete and anchor rods are tightly bonded, that is, there are bonded anchor rods. In the second type, this application can use prefabricated pipe columns to form a prestressed structure of hollow anchor rods, which is convenient for factory production, has controllable weight, and reduces transportation costs. Not high, the quality and standards of prestressing are easier to control and grasp in the factory. Use the unbonded steel anchor rod of the application or the above-mentioned finished pipe column (may be called the hollow anchor rod column), which is the outer shell pipe column of the anchor rod reinforcement, and the anchor rod reinforcement is used to pass through the finished pipe column of the application, and the finished pipe When the column is used, a bearing plate with a hole in the center and larger than the inner diameter of the pipe column (also called anchor plate, etc.) is placed at both ends of the finished pipe column, and the anchor rod exposed on the surface of the bearing plate is fixed with a nut when stress is applied. In the load-bearing plate or the steel bar ends are welded and fixed on the load-bearing plate, the steel bar can be a single fine-rolled anchor steel bar, or several anchor steel bars. When there are several anchor steel bars, the load-bearing plate must have multiple holes and multiple steel bars. Pre-stress application device; in general, the post-application process needs to be carried out during the construction process, which is more troublesome in engineering. The equipment has to be brought to the site and the cost is high. Especially the quality of the pre-stress and whether it can meet the rated requirements are often difficult It is guaranteed that this application is a combination of anti-floating and tensile anchor rod components (bonded and non-bonded anchor rods) and has corresponding construction methods. When unbonded steel bar anchors or the above-mentioned finished pipe columns, unbonded steel bars can also be used as anchor bars in the finished pipe columns; the concrete and the steel bars in the anchor rods are unbonded, and the steel bars in the anchor rods are in the pipe column. Or it can be stretched or slid in the plastic film sleeve, and will not affect the post-tensioning method, that is, prestress is applied on the construction site, and the nuts are tightened while prestressing the steel bars.

The unbonded steel anchor rod can also be matched with the hollow anchor pipe string of this application, and can be matched with pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile non-bonded anchor steel bars, pre-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile steel anchors The rod can be connected to the designed rated length, or can be connected to the enlarged head of the reinforced cage with variable diameter, forming a practical engineering system of this application.

The main load-bearing parts of the anchor rod use main reinforcing steel (including main reinforcing steel or main reinforcing steel connecting structure with main reinforcing steel through connecting nuts) as the basic load-bearing structure. The main reinforcing steel can be ordinary steel, including fine-rolled steel or surface anti-corrosion. The unbonded anchor rod steel bar can also have the following structure: the surface of the main steel bar is provided with an anti-corrosion grease layer, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is provided with a plastic film cover; the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated by the anti-corrosion grease layer device, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is not coated. The bonding rib is coated with polyethylene or polypropylene plastic film by a plastic extruder, and then a plastic sleeve (tube) is formed by a cooling cylinder; the plastic sleeve is wrapped with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials. Condensation and solidification; after prestressing is applied to the main reinforcement (prestress is applied after the fixing is completed) to form a prestressed anchor rod assembly; the main reinforcement is locked with a nut, and the tensioning steel bar is prestressed to form a prestressed anchor rod assembly.

In the application of the plastic film sheathed steel bar, especially when the post-tensioned pre-stressed anti-floating and tensile steel bar is applied, the pre-stressed main steel bar actually forms a free section of steel bar, which has the effect of applying stress.

Construction method of pre-tensioned or post-tensioned prestressed anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rods. The steps are: drill the hole to the design depth, carry out high-pressure jet grouting construction or mechanical reaming construction, after the hole is formed, place the anchor rod reinforcement and connect it with the variable-diameter steel cage, fixed-diameter steel cage, bladder or other anchor heads. After the expanding head of the reducing steel cage is in place, release the restraint mechanism to expand the reducing steel cage to the design size, and then grouting or pouring concrete is poured into the expansion section of the reducing steel cage as the anchor head; the top of the anchor rod is buried by Flange nut kits that cover the steel bars are fixed, or can be fixed by anchor plates and nuts, and connected to the steel frame system of the foundation slab. The post-tensioning method is used to apply stress, that is, the flange nut kit is used to fix the stress; grouting or pouring concrete At the gap between the steel bar and the hole, complete the pre-stressed anchors; finally, install the supporting mold to cast the concrete foundation bottom plate to fix the anchor plate; when the pre-fabricated pre-stressed anchor assembly is used, no post-stress is required. When the anchor rod assembly is connected to the variable diameter steel cage, fixed diameter steel cage, bladder or other (expanded) anchor heads, the lower end of the anchor rod assembly shall be reserved for connection with the variable diameter steel cage, fixed diameter steel cage, and bladder. The length of the bag or other anchor head is suitable for the steel bar, and the anchor plate is connected to the anchor plate at the bottom of the anchor head (the steel bar is welded or the main reinforcement is connected by a connecting nut), leaving an appropriate length of the steel bar, and connecting with the top of the finished anchor head with a connecting nut ; Through the improvement of rods and anchor heads, the anchor rod components and variable diameter steel cages, fixed diameter steel cages, pockets or other anchor heads become an organic whole. The prepared anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rods can be prefabricated with pre-stressed anchor rod components and application technology by post-tensioning method, and combined with various anchor heads such as straight or enlarged heads to form a post-tensioned pre-stressed anchor rod system to overcome the anti-floating deformation , The rod body can be elastically deformed in the free section. Through the new method, the prestress is applied after the rod is prepared, and the finished product of the prestressed anchor rod is obtained for application, so as to not only achieve the controlled pressure-bearing straight or variable diameter steel cage expansion pre The purpose of deformation amount in stress anchor engineering practice, especially to achieve the effect of saving construction time, saving cost, and improving engineering quality and efficiency. At the same time, it also provides a construction method to reduce the creep deformation of the soil under the working state of the prestressed anchor.

The end of the main steel bar is equipped with a steel bar cage or an enlarged diameter (variable diameter) steel bar cage; concrete or cement mortar, cement grout or other curable material is wrapped and solidified; according to the design requirements of prestressing, the main bar is a steel bar, It is equipped with steel reinforcement materials, which include steel cages, stirrups, steel sleeves, steel mesh cages, pressure plates, and pressure-bearing flange nuts; the main steel reinforcement and the configured steel reinforcement materials are condensed and solidified to form an anchor rod Components. The pre-stressed anti-floating tensile steel anchor rod is applied after the main steel bar, and the anti-floating tensile stress of the steel bar is fully reflected. Prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor rods, pipe columns for prefabricated prestressed anchor rods, prefabricated prestressed unbonded steel bars and their elongated forms, all can be combined with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials One is wrapped and solidified to form a pre-stressed bolt body (non-expanded head bolt) application independently. Further, it can also be connected with the reinforced cage, enlarged diameter (variable diameter) reinforced cage, variable diameter reinforced cage, fixed diameter reinforced cage, bladder, pressure anchor plate or other anchor head bearing body provided at the enlarged bottom end. , Under the condition of applying stress, pour concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials to wrap it, and condense and solidify together to form an enlarged head pre-stressed anchor pile.

It constitutes an unbonded pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-stressed anti-floating and anti-tension steel anchor rod, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is anti-corrosion grease, anti-corrosion asphalt, polymer materials or other anti-corrosion materials.

The front end of the main reinforcement bar of the anchor rod assembly is provided with a device for connecting or grafting with a variable-diameter reinforcement cage, a fixed-diameter reinforcement cage, a pocket or other anchor heads to form a prefabricated prestressed anchor rod system.

The main reinforcement of the anchor rod assembly, the number of steel bars in the post-tensioned anchor rod assembly is one or more, but generally no more than 10 (otherwise it will become a concrete pile), the specifications, performance, strength, The diameter can be determined according to the design requirements; the length, cross-sectional shape and area of the prestressed anchor rod assembly are set according to the engineering technical requirements; when the project requires the length of the rod to be too long, the method of using a nut connector or In other ways, two or more steel bars are connected to achieve the required length; the steel nut connector can also be embedded in the anchor rod in advance, and the steel bars can be round steel, steel pipe, steel strand and other Section steel, the two ends of the section steel can also be provided with silk patterns.

The three-dimensional geometric forms of the anchor rod assembly and the variable-diameter steel cage include, but are not limited to: cube, polyhedron, regular polyhedron, tetrahedron, cuboid, cylinder, truncated cone, prism, prism, cone, pyramid, bamboo joint, String, convex and concave; the shape of the plane cross-section includes but not limited to: square, rectangle, triangle, quadrilateral, rhombus, trapezoid, polygon, circle, ellipse, ring, sector, arc; the anchor rod component can be solid, It can also be a hollow section.

The said anchor rods, prefabricated prestressed anchor rods, prefabricated prestressed unbonded steel bars for anti-floating and tensile anchor rods, and optional materials for the elongated main reinforcement and reinforcement, including but not limited to Steel, steel strands, glass fibers, resins, glass fiber reinforced resins, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, graphene, carbon-related materials and their composite materials, polymers, polymer materials, nanomaterials, metal materials and Non-metallic materials.

The application fields of this application include, but are not limited to, functional applications of anti-floating and tensile resistance. Applications include construction, roads, mining, tunnels and bridges, foundation pits and mountain slope protection, and geological disaster treatment; it is also used in compression engineering and other fields. The prefabricated prestressed anchor rod body can be used as a prefabricated prestressed compression pile according to the needs of the engineering design. [0037] The pre-tensioning or post-tensioning method adopts the prefabricated pre-stressed bolt body. The construction method steps are: the method used to overcome the deformation of the anti-floating fixed diameter anchor head or the enlarged head pre-stressed anchor rod, drill to the design depth, and carry out High-pressure jet grouting construction or mechanical reaming construction. After the hole is formed, the anchor rod reinforcement is placed to connect with the variable diameter steel cage, fixed diameter steel cage, bladder or other anchor heads. After the expansion head with the variable diameter steel cage is in place, Release the restraint mechanism to expand the reducing steel cage to the design size, then grouting or pouring concrete is poured into the expansion section of the reducing steel cage as an anchor head; the top of the anchor steel bar is embedded and sleeved with the flange nut of the steel (tie) (Set) fixed, or can be fixed by anchor plate and nut, connected to the steel frame system of the foundation slab, and fixed with flange nut (set) when the post-tensioning method applies stress (post-stress); grouting or pouring concrete At the gap between the steel bar and the hole, complete the pre-stressed anchor rod; finally, install the supporting mold to pour the concrete foundation bottom plate to fix the anchor plate. However, post-stressing is not required when prefabricated pre-stressed anchor rod components are used. The pre-tensioning method does not need to apply stress and has been prepared into a prefabricated pre-stressed unit. [0038] When the anchor rod assembly is connected with a variable diameter steel cage, a fixed diameter steel cage, a bladder or other anchor heads, it is taken at the lower end of the anchor rod assembly to reserve and a variable diameter steel cage, a fixed diameter steel cage, and a bladder. The length of the bag or other anchor head is suitable for the steel bar, and the anchor plate is connected to the anchor plate at the bottom of the anchor head (the steel bar is welded or the main bar is connected through the connecting nut), and an appropriate length of the steel bar can also be reserved for connection with the top of the finished anchor head Nut connection; through the improvement of the rod and the anchor head, the anchor rod assembly and the variable diameter steel cage, the fixed diameter steel cage, the pocket or other anchor heads become an organic whole.

When using pre-tensioned pre-stressed anchor rods, place the pre-fabricated pre-stressed anchor rod components and variable diameter steel cages, use multiple pre-fabricated pre-stressed anchor elements, and select two to several anchor rods with different lengths. The unit is connected to anchor rods of the required length; the lowest connection method and several anchor rods of different lengths at the upper end of the anchor head can be easily connected to anchor rods of the required length; no stress is required (post-stress , Tensile stress) that is fixed with flange nuts (a kit); grouting or pouring concrete is poured in the expansion section of the variable diameter steel cage as anchor head and grouting or pouring concrete is at the connection between the steel bar and the unit and the gap around the unit Place.

The post-tensioning method prefabricates the reinforcement cage of the prestressed anchor rod assembly. When the anchor rod assembly is connected with the variable diameter reinforcement cage, the fixed diameter reinforcement cage, the bladder or other anchor heads, it is adopted at the lower end of the anchor rod assembly. Retain steel bars that match the length of the variable-diameter steel cage, fixed-diameter steel cage, pocket or other anchor heads, and connect the anchor pad at the bottom of the anchor head. You can also leave a proper length of the steel bars at the lower end of the anchor rod assembly. Connect with the top of the finished anchor head with a connecting nut; or by improving the anchor rod and the anchor head, the anchor rod assembly and the variable diameter steel cage, fixed diameter steel cage, bladder or other anchor heads become an organic whole. The applied stress generally only acts on the anchor rod of this application.

The reinforcing steel frame of the prefabricated concrete pipe column is a connector at the bottom end, which can be connected to the reinforcing steel cage at the lower end (especially the variable diameter steel cage first proposed by the applicant, especially by screwing or welding). For the connection of the main reinforcement, the center of the variable-diameter steel cage needs the main reinforcement, and the main reinforcement of the variable-diameter steel cage does not require prestress, thus forming a concrete foundation with a diameter larger than that of the precast concrete column. This foundation is grouted through the grouting pipe; The ability of tensile and compressive resistance.) Therefore, this application is that the prefabricated concrete pipe string is an element of the assembled assembly type anti-floating and tensile anchor rod assembly.

This application cooperates with pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile steel anchors, especially pre-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile steel anchors and systems. The anchor rod uses the main reinforcement steel bar (including the main reinforcement steel bar or the main reinforcement bar connection structure with the main reinforcement bar through the connecting nut) as the basic bearing structure. The main reinforcement bar can be ordinary steel bars, including fine-rolled steel bars or surface anti-corrosion treatment. The steel bar can also have the following structure: the surface of the main steel bar is provided with an anti-corrosion grease layer, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is provided with a plastic film cover; the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated by the anti-corrosion grease layer device, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated without the adhesive ribs and passes through the plastic extruder Paint the polyethylene or polypropylene plastic film layer, and then cool the drum to form a plastic sleeve (pipe); use concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials to wrap and solidify outside the plastic sleeve; apply after prestressing After the main rebar (prestress is applied after the fixation is completed), the tension rebar is prestressed, and the main rebar is locked with a nut to form a prestressed anchor rod.

In the application of the plastic film casing steel bar, especially the post-tensioned pre-stressed anti-floating tensile steel anchor rod, the pre-stressed main steel bar actually forms a free section of steel bar, and the casing can be metal, PP, PE, PVC, plastic And other casings of various materials.

Pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rods and construction methods, and the pre-tensioning method is the advantage of this application. However, the prepared anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rods, especially the anchor rods and application technologies that can be prefabricated by the post-tensioning method, are combined with various anchor heads such as straight or enlarged heads to form a post-tensioned pre-stressed anchor system. Overcoming the anti-floating deformation and the elastic deformation of the rod body in the free section, the new method is used to apply prestress after the rod is prepared, and the finished product of the prestressed anchor rod is obtained for application, so as to not only achieve the controlled pressure-bearing straight or variable diameter steel bar The purpose of the deformation of the cage expansion prestressed anchor in the engineering practice, especially to achieve the effect of saving construction time, saving costs, and improving engineering quality and efficiency. At the same time, it also provides a construction method to reduce the creep deformation of the soil under the working state of the prestressed anchor.

The construction method is the same as the post-tensioning method, but the prestressed tendons are not in direct contact with the concrete and are in an unbonded state. Unbonded prestressed tendons are special prestressed tendons with anti-corrosion isolation layer and outer sheath. Unbonded prestressed tendons have high requirements for the safety, reliability and durability of anchors; since the unbonded prestressed tendons can slide relative to the longitudinal direction of the concrete, the tensile strength of the prestressed tendons cannot be fully utilized, and a certain amount of configuration is required. There are bonding bars in the body to limit concrete cracks.

Beneficial effects: The construction method of the unbonded prestressed steel bar is the same as the post-tensioning method, but the prestressed steel bar is not in direct contact with the concrete, and the prestressed steel bar is in an unbonded state. Unbonded prestressed tendons are special prestressed tendons with anti-corrosion isolation layer and outer sheath. Unbonded prestressed steel bars have higher requirements for the safety, reliability and durability of anchors; since the unbonded prestressed tendons and the concrete can slide longitudinally, the tensile strength of the prestressed tendons can be fully exerted, and the concrete of the anchors It is better to configure a certain bonding bar in the rod body to limit the cracks of the concrete.

Unbonded prestressed tendons have their own characteristics: 1. Simple structure and light weight. There is no need to reserve pre-stressed reinforcement holes, which is suitable for components with complex structures and curved reinforcements, and the size of the components is reduced and the weight is reduced. 2. Simple construction and low equipment requirements. There is no need to reserve pipelines, grouting and other complicated procedures, replacing the pre-tensioning method in the manufacture of small and medium-span bridges can eliminate the need for tension brackets, simplify the construction process, and speed up the construction progress. 3. The loss of prestress is small, and the tension can be compensated. The anti-corrosion grease layer is set between the prestressed tendons and the outer sheath, the tension friction loss is small, and the prestressed tendons can be tensioned during the service life. 4. Strong anti-corrosion ability. The unbonded pre-stressed tendons coated with anti-corrosion grease, PE outsourcing and other sheaths have dual anti-corrosion capabilities. It can avoid the risk of pre-stressed tendon rusting due to incomplete grouting. 5. Good performance. Adopting the mixed reinforcement of unbonded prestressed tendons and ordinary steel bars can avoid concentrated cracks while meeting the ultimate bearing capacity, so that it has similar mechanical properties as prestressed concrete with bonded parts. 6. Good fatigue resistance. The unbonded prestressed tendons and the concrete can slide longitudinally, the stress amplitude is small in the use stage, and there is no fatigue problem. 7. Good seismic performance. When the earthquake load causes a large displacement, the slippery unbonded prestressed tendons are generally in tension at all times, with small stress changes and remain in the elastic working stage, while ordinary steel bars ensure the energy dissipation of the structure without adhesion. The construction method of the prestressed tendons is the same as the post-tensioning method, but the prestressed tendons are not in direct contact with the concrete and are in an unbonded state. Unbonded prestressed tendons are special prestressed tendons with anti-corrosion isolation layer and outer sheath.

This application can be fully applied by the pre-tensioning method. Even if the post-tensioning method is adopted to prefabricate the pre-stressed anchor rod, although the steel bar has a deformation amount, the overall pre-stressed anchor rod has no large displacement. Applying prestress and pouring during construction, and adding prestress after on-site operation makes the tensile effect of the anchor rod the best, but the on-site construction control requirements are higher. This application passes the application of post-added pre-stressed anchor rods, so that its bearing capacity can reach the value of applied pre-stress required by the design. The deformation of the free section of the pre-stressed anchor rods can be continuously adjusted. At the same time, the construction of this scheme is simpler, and the construction of the foundation Basically no effect. It has a positive effect on improving the quality of the project and the safety of the technology.

In this application, in particular, the combination of the anchor rod and the lower end with the variable diameter steel cage, the grouting body or the concrete anchor head is mechanically supported by a strong foundation, and the tensile force transmission is reliable, which can increase the tensile force of the anchor rod by more than 2 times . The main steel bars of the lower end of the anchor rod main steel bar are welded or connected by a special nut connector to ensure the reliability of the connection. The main steel bars of the variable diameter steel cage can not be used with high-quality steel bars that can withstand strong stress.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the preparation of the prestressed anchor rod of the application;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the prestressed anchor rod of the application;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of pouring a concrete cushion 2 on the base 1 of the application; that is, pouring the concrete cushion;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the anchoring section at the upper and lower ends of the expanded prestressed anchor rod of the variable-diameter steel cage.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the anchor structure of the lower end of the enlarged head of the expanded prestressed anchor rod of the variable-diameter steel cage of the application in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the unbonded anchor steel bar structure;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the anchor rod reinforcement for hollow pipe columns;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the unit and connection structure of the pre-tensioned method of anchor rod reinforcement for hollow pipe columns;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the lower end of the anchor member of the application;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the second connection structure of the lower end of the anchor member of the application;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the third connection structure of the lower end of the anchor member of the application;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the fourth connection structure at the lower end of the anchor member of the application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an unbonded steel bar (or ordinary steel bar) stress anchor rod of the present application;

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an unbonded steel (or ordinary steel) stress anchor in this application; compared with Figure 13, this figure shows two stress anchors with internal connecting nuts connected to anchor rods of different lengths;

15 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a stress anchor rod formed by the application of reinforced concrete wrapped in concrete; two stress anchor rods with built-in connecting nuts are connected to form anchor rods of different lengths;

16 is a structural schematic diagram of a stress anchor rod formed by steel bars wrapped in concrete according to the present application; two stress anchor rods with exposed connecting nuts 13 are connected to form anchor rods of different lengths;

Figure 17 is a structural schematic diagram of the application of the present application in which the reinforced concrete is wrapped with reinforced skeletons 3-7 and load-bearing plates (equipped with reinforced perforations) to form a stress anchor rod;

Fig. 18 is a structural schematic diagram of the application of the present application in which the reinforced concrete is wrapped with reinforced skeletons 3-7 and load-bearing plates (with reinforced perforations) distributed inside to form a stress anchor rod; compared with Fig. 17, an embedded connecting nut is provided.

Figure 19 is a structural schematic diagram of the application of the present application in which the steel bar wrapped in concrete has multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (with steel bar perforations) distributed inside to form a stress anchor rod;

Figure 20 is a structural schematic diagram of the application of the present application in which the steel bar wrapped in concrete has multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (with steel perforations) distributed inside to form a stress anchor; compared with Figure 20, there are 2-3 Anchor rod reinforcement.

Fig. 21 is a structural schematic diagram of the application of the present application in which the steel bar wrapped in concrete has multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (equipped with steel perforations) distributed inside to form a stress anchor rod;

Figure 22 is a structural schematic diagram of the application of the present application where the steel bar wrapped in concrete has multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (with reinforcement perforations) distributed inside to form a stress anchor rod; but in the figure, multiple anchor bars 3- 1-1 can be exposed at the end;

Figure 23 is a structural schematic diagram of the application of the present application of reinforced concrete wrapped with multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (equipped with steel perforations) distributed inside to form an anchor rod; but the stress-free nut is fixed, and the other end is also provided The connecting nut can be built-in.

Fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the non-bonded anchor rod of the present application.

Detailed ways

As shown in the figure, examples of parts in the figure: base 1, concrete cushion 2, anchor rod or anchor rod after pouring, 3, main reinforcement prepared by pouring concrete or mortar or pipe column of the outer layer of fine-rolled thick steel bar 3-2 , Fixed plate or bearing plate 3-4, pre-stressed nut 3-3, anti-corrosion grease layer 3-6, plastic film sleeve 3-5, stopper 11, flange nut assembly 16-1 is used on the bottom plate The anchor rod steel bars (main bars or fine-rolled thick steel bars) 3-1 are fixed. When the stress is applied later, the flange nut assembly 16-1 is to fix the pre-stress of the main bars or the finish-rolled thick steel bars after the stress is applied. Water stop tape 4, flange nut 16, concrete bottom plate 8, concrete bottom plate reinforcement 8-1, bottom plate cushion 8-2, reinforcement cage 10 can be a straight-through or enlarged head structure. The figure shows a variable diameter The expanded diameter of the reinforced cage structure. Grouting body 12, nut connector 13, guide cap 14, enlarged head 15. Pouch 17: The concrete body 12-1 in the pouch, and other structural steel cages 10-1; 3-8, where concrete is poured on the central axis. 3-1-1 refers to multiple anchor steel bars, generally no more than five.

The embodiments of the application include a prefabricated anti-corrosion steel rod for unbonded post-tensioning prestressed anti-floating and tensile anchor rods, and a combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile anchor rod assembly prefabricated by pretensioning ( There are two kinds of bonding and non-bonding) and its construction method.

The prefabricated concrete pipe column can be movably connected with the lower end pipe column: that is, the steel reinforcement skeleton of the prefabricated concrete pipe column is a connector at the bottom end, which can be connected to the lower end pipe column by a fixed method, especially bolting or welding.

As shown in Figure 1, the schematic diagram of the structure of the prestressed anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rod, including the main reinforcement steel bar (reinforced bar, especially the precision cast steel bar, the main reinforcement steel connection structure through the connection nut) as the basic Load-bearing structure, the surface of the main steel bar is provided with an anti-corrosion grease layer, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is equipped with a plastic film sleeve; the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated by the anti-corrosion grease layer device, and the anti-corrosion grease layer unbonded steel bars are painted by a plastic extruder Polyethylene or polypropylene plastic film, and then molded into a plastic sleeve (pipe) by a cooling drum; outside the plastic sleeve, it is wrapped with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials and cured; prestress is applied to the main reinforcement steel bar, Form a prefabricated prestressed anchor rod assembly; or insert the main reinforcement steel bar into the steel pipe, stretch the two sections of the steel bar, apply prestress, use the steel pipe as the support, and lock with a nut to form a prefabricated prestressed anchor rod assembly.

Prefabricated pre-stressed anchors, prestressed anchor bar 3-1 and wrapped with concrete or mortar 3-2, after the concrete or mortar has solidified to reach the design strength, the reinforced concrete is made into pre-stressed anchor assembly 3. The reinforcement in the prestressed anchor rod assembly usually includes but is not limited to/or does not choose to configure steel cages, stirrups, steel sleeves, steel mesh cages, pressure plates (anchor pads), pressure flange nuts or Other bone reinforcement materials. Not shown in the figure. Among them, in Figure 1: pre-stressed fixed plate or load-bearing plate (anchor plate) 3-4, nut 3-3, steel bar 3-1, anchor rod 3, pre-stressed anchor rod steel bar, concrete or mortar 3-2 (It can be an independent sleeve structure or a sleeve-like structure, or it can be a structure that is tightly poured with the anchor rod reinforcement that applies stress). In order to apply stress, the structure of the independent sleeve needs to have good pressure resistance characteristics. The sleeve is especially reinforced with cement concrete up to the standard, and the front end of the prestressed steel anchor can be fixed with a variable diameter steel cage, etc.; prestressed anchor The rod assembly can be used if the diameter is smaller than the drill diameter.

The nut is a fixing nut, which fixes the prestressed steel threaded nut.

Figure 2 shows the basic structure of concrete or mortar (i.e. pipe column) 3-2 and steel 3-1 on the outer layer of the main reinforcement or the finish-rolled thick steel bar prepared by pouring concrete or mortar.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of pouring a concrete cushion 2 on the base 1 of the present application; in Fig. 3, the base 1, the concrete cushion 2, and the completed concrete cushion; The flange nut 16 is embedded in the center to stop water. In particular, the water-stop tape 4 is used for the anchored upper end of the ground plane of the basement.

This application is an anti-floating and tensile combined anchor rod assembly (divided into two types: bonded and unbonded anchor rods) and has corresponding construction methods. When unbonded steel bar anchors or the above-mentioned finished pipe columns, unbonded steel bars can also be used as anchor bars in the finished pipe columns; the concrete and the steel bars in the anchor rods are unbonded, and the steel bars in the anchor rods are in the pipe column. Or it can be stretched or slid in the plastic film sleeve, and will not affect the post-tensioning method, that is, prestress is applied on the construction site, and the nuts are tightened while prestressing the steel bars.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the pressure-bearing variable-diameter steel cage expansion prestressed anchor rod with anchoring sections on the top and bottom: base 1, concrete cushion 2, anchor rod assembly 3 after pouring, water-stop rubber strip 4, flange nut 16. The upper concrete bottom plate 8, the concrete bottom plate reinforcement 8-1, the bottom plate cushion 8-2, and the reinforcement cage 10 can be a straight-through or enlarged head structure. Grouting body 12, nut connector 13, guide cap 14, enlarged head 15, flange nut 16 locked on the bottom plate. The nut connector or connecting nut 13 is a screw connection device for the finish-rolled steel bars. The nut is used as the connecting structure to connect the threads of the finish-rolled steel bars (starting from the end). The threads of the finished-rolled steel bars only need to enter the nut for a certain length. The connection strength can be guaranteed; the length of the connection nut is 15-25 cm, and the standard is 20 cm. It can be used for the connection of different lengths required by the anchor rod, and can also be used for the connection structure of the anchor rod and the main reinforcement of the variable diameter steel cage. The welding is also the same A connection method of the main reinforcement; for example, the anchor element of the finished rolled steel bar is used as an example: prepare or prepare the anchor rod of the finished rolled steel bar with a fixed length of 3, 4, 5, and 7 meters, and use different fixed lengths of the finished rolled steel bar. The connecting nut 13 is connected to anchor rods with different length requirements. For example, two anchor rods with different lengths can be conveniently connected to anchor rods with different lengths from 7 to 14 meters. Three anchor rods of different lengths can be easily connected to anchor rods of different lengths from 15 to 21 meters. Four bolts can be prepared for longer anchor rods. The upper connecting structure of the anchor rod of the present application adopts a concrete bottom plate 8 and a flange nut 16, and the concrete bottom plate 8 includes a concrete bottom plate reinforcement 8-1 to pour a bottom plate cushion 8-2, and the flange nut 16 is used in A concrete bottom plate 8 is fixed on the upper surface of a building, etc., so that the anchor rod assembly can anchor the building or the surface layer on which the upper end of the anchor rod assembly is fixed.

The limiting nut 11 of the enlarged head reinforcement cage in Figure 5 (the variable diameter enlarged diameter of the reinforcement cage is limited on the main reinforcement or the finished thick steel 3-1), and it can also be connected with a nut connector or a connecting nut 13 Integrated, the load-bearing plate nut 16-1 supports the load-bearing plate at the bottom of the main steel bar of the steel cage 10;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of unbonded anchor bar; as shown in Figure 6, the structure of unbonded anchor bar is as follows: fixed anchor bar (main bar or fine-rolled thick bar) 3-1 is in the center, and a layer of anti-corrosion layer is first wrapped (Anti-corrosion grease layer) 3-6. The outer layer of the anti-corrosion layer is a plastic film cover 3-5. Unbonded anchor rod reinforcement can also be provided with a reinforcement skeleton 3-7 (Figure 8 shows this), and the plastic sleeve is wrapped with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials and cured and wrapped around the reinforcement. Skeletons 3-7 are called anchor heads. The surface of the main steel bar is provided with an anti-corrosion grease layer, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is equipped with a plastic film cover; the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated by the anti-corrosion grease layer device, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated without bonding ribs, and the plastic extruder is used to paint polyethylene or polypropylene The plastic film is then cooled to form a plastic sleeve (tube) through a cooling cylinder mold.

Post-prestressing refers to the main reinforcement (prestressed and then fixed with nuts) during the construction process to form a prestressed anchor rod assembly. Pre-tensioned prestressing means pre-stressed prefabricated anchor rods: firstly lock the main reinforcement steel bars with nuts, and after the tensioning steel bars are prestressed, the pre-stressed anchor rod assembly unit is formed.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the anchor steel bars for hollow pipe columns; either unbonded anchor bars or bonded anchor bars are acceptable. The picture shows unbonded anchor bars, but hollow pipe columns are not used. Affect the expansion and contraction in the pipe string of the anchor steel bar. It can be used for the structure of pre-tensioning or post-tensioning. The connection end of the hollow pipe column does not need to be subjected to a large force, but it does not rule out that the connection between the end ends of the hollow pipe column with the reinforcement frame 3-7 and the connection of the concrete is not excluded.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the element and connection structure of the pre-tensioned method of anchor reinforcement for hollow pipe columns. The reinforcement can be either unbonded anchor reinforcement or bonded anchor reinforcement. The steel reinforcement of the unit column is shown in the figure. The anchor rod is formed by pouring concrete or mortar to prepare the main reinforcement or the outer layer of the finished thick steel bar. The unbonded anchor bar or the bonded anchor bar passing through the central hole of the pipe is placed in the pipe The two ends of the column are cushioned with fixing plates or load-bearing plates 3-4, and prestressed nuts 3-3 are fixed on the threads of the anchor steel bars (finished-rolled steel bars), and the anchor steel bars are screwed when applied. The nut connector 13 is used as a connecting device at the upper and lower ends of the two steel bars.

In contrast, the prefabricated pre-stressed bolt unit in Figure 8 constitutes the most practical assembly structure, especially the pre-tensioned pre-stressed pre-stressed bolt unit. The end of each unit is provided with a fixed nut connector or The connecting nut is connected with the steel bar of the unit, the second end of the end of each unit is a protruding steel bar, which matches with the fixed nut connector at the end of the adjacent unit; the pre-stressed prefabricated anchor unit unit is prepared or prepared Into 3, 4, 5, and 7-meter fixed-length units (net length), use different fixed-length units to connect each other with an embedded connecting nut 13 to form anchor rods with different length requirements, for example, two different fixed-length units The anchor rod unit can be easily connected into anchor rods of different lengths from 7 to 14 meters. Three anchor rods of different lengths can be easily connected to anchor rods of different lengths from 15 to 21 meters.

Figures 4, 5, and 8 show the connection structure between the lower end of the anchor rod and the variable diameter reinforcement cage and the grouting body or concrete. Although this embodiment has the best effect, this application does not exclude other connection structures at the lower end of the anchor rod, including Ordinary reinforced cage and grouting body or concrete, grouting body or concrete without reinforced cage (enlarged head and non-enlarged head can be used), including grouting or concrete wrapped inside or outside the bag.

However, as shown in Figures 9-12, various connection structures are shown (all are enlarged head connection structures, and non-enlarged head structures are also fully usable, and it does not exceed the scope of this application), but the connection structure has more than one steel bar and anchor rod The lower end of the steel bar is fixed; the more than one steel bar can refer to a thicker steel bar, or several scattered thin steel bars (the total cross-sectional area of several thin steel bars is not less than the cross-sectional area of the anchor bar) evenly distributed in the grouting Body or concrete interior.

Unbonded steel bars or ordinary steel bars (usually finished rolled threaded steel bars) are matched with the hollow anchor pipe column of this application, and can be matched with pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and anti-tension anchors, pre-tensioned pre-stressed anti-floating The tensile steel anchor member unit can be connected to a rated length and can be connected to an enlarged head steel cage with a variable diameter, which constitutes a practical engineering system of the present application.

Considering the nut connection of the main (reinforcement) steel bar, that is, the threaded connection, it is better to use the finished rolled steel bar, and the general thread structure cannot have a firm screw connection.

It can be combined with prefabricated prestressed anchor pipe string, connection and lock anchor nut to form a prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor rod assembly, and it can also be used as an independent product of prefabricated prestressed unbonded steel bar components. Used in various bolt application schemes that use post-tensioning method to solve pre-stress problems, when used as the steel bar in the hollow pipe string of prefabricated pre-stressed bolt members, you can also choose not to install grease and casing according to the design needs.

Anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor rods are assembled and assembled unbonded prestressed steel parts and their elongated forms, which can be filled with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or one of other curable materials and set and solidify. After forming the prestress independently The application of prestressed anchor rod by tension method. The lower end of the anchor rod is grafted with the reinforced cage, expanded diameter (variable diameter) reinforced cage, fixed diameter reinforced cage, bladder, anchor plate or other anchor head bearing body provided in the enlarged head to form an organic skeleton as a whole, filled with concrete or Cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials are wrapped, and set and solidified, and the post-tensioning method is used to apply stress to form an enlarged head pre-stressed anchor pile application.

The materials that can be selected for the main reinforcement and reinforcement, including but not limited to steel, steel strands, glass fiber, resin, glass fiber reinforced resin, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, graphene, carbon-related materials and their composite materials, high Molecules, high molecular polymer materials, nano materials, metal materials and non-metal materials.

After applying prestress to the vertical steel bars, steel sleeves, steel cages, and steel wire mesh cages of the pipe column reinforcement materials of this application, they are then wrapped with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials and set and solidified. It can also be poured into Solid, thus forming a prefabricated prestressed pipe string, and can also be used as an independent commercial anchor rod for the prefabricated prestressed pipe string.

The prefabricated combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor rod and its application, the prefabricated combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor rod, the pipe string for the prefabricated prestressed anchor, and the anti-floatation resistance The prefabricated pre-stressed unbonded steel parts for anchor rods, and their elongated forms, can be filled with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials and wrapped and cured to form a pre-stressed anchor body independently.

Said prefabricated combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor rod and its application, the said steel cage, the three-dimensional geometric form includes but not limited to: cube, polyhedron, regular polyhedron, tetrahedron, cuboid, cylinder , Truncated cone, prism, prism, cone, pyramid, bamboo, string, convex and concave, which can be solid or hollow; the shape of the plane cross-section includes but not limited to: square, rectangle, triangle, Quadrilateral, rhombus, trapezoid, polygon, circle, ellipse, ring, sector, arc; the anchor rod can be solid or hollow in cross section.

Cooperating with the structure of Fig. 8, the pipe column of the anchor steel bar of the present application can also constitute a hollow anchor element unit, especially prepared or prepared into 3, 4, 5, and 7-meter fixed-length units (net length), Both bonded and unbonded anchor bars can be applied, which is convenient for factory production, and the weight is controllable. The transportation cost is not high. The quality and standards of prestressing are easier to control and grasp in the factory.

This application is a combination of anti-floating and tensile anchor rod components (including bonded and unbonded anchor rod steel bars) and has corresponding basically the same construction methods. The construction methods of pre-tensioning and post-tensioning are different;

The anti-floating and tensile combined anchor rod assembly adopts unbonded anchor rod steel bars, ordinary steel bars and the above-mentioned finished pipe columns, that is, unbonded steel bars or ordinary steel bars can be used as anchor bars in the finished pipe columns; concrete and anchor rod inner steel bars are Unbonded, the steel bar in the anchor rod can be stretched or slid in the pipe column or in the plastic film sleeve, which will not affect the post-tensioning method, that is, prestress is applied at the construction site, and the prestress is applied to the steel bar at the same time. Fasten the nut to form a pre-stressed anchor rod.

The connection structure at the lower end of the anchor member in Figure 9 is the grouting body or concrete with the enlarged head. The grouting body or concrete has the main steel bar and the steel cage, and the bearing plate is sleeved on the main steel bar or scattered steel bar and the lower end of the bearing plate. It is fixed with a nut. Fig. 9 also shows a schematic diagram of the grouting body or concrete structure of the unbonded or ordinary anchor rod and the enlarged head of the variable diameter steel cage of the present application; the grouting body or the concrete inner steel cage can also be a steel cage of a general structure without diameter expansion The structure, but the concrete is an enlarged head, and the bearing plate is sleeved on the main steel bar, and the lower end of the bearing plate is fixed by a nut. The connecting structure at the lower end of the anchor member in Figure 10 is the grouting body or concrete of the enlarged head. The grouting body or concrete has main steel bars or scattered steel bars. The grouting body or concrete is combined with the pouch, and the pouch can be partly grouted. The slurry or concrete is in the central part of the enlarged head, as shown in the figure, it is also possible to install a bearing plate sleeved on the main steel bar and the lower end of the bearing plate is fixed with a nut. The connecting structure at the lower end of the anchor member in Fig. 10 is the grouting body or concrete of the enlarged head, and the figure shows the bag structure, as shown in the figure. The grouting body or concrete can also be equipped with main steel bars or scattered steel bars. The grouting body or concrete is combined with the main steel bars or scattered steel bars and pockets, and the main steel bars pass through the center of the inner part of the grouting body or the concrete expansion head. Location. The bag can also be wrapped.

Figures 11-12 are schematic diagrams of the third and fourth types of connection structures at the lower end of anchor rods (especially unbonded anchor rods); the connection structure at the lower end of the anchor rods in Fig. 11 is grouting body or concrete with enlarged head, grouting body Or there are main steel bars in the concrete, but the steel cage is a common structure steel cage without an expanded diameter structure, and the bearing plate is sleeved on the main steel bar or scattered steel bars and the lower end of the bearing plate is fixed with nuts. The connecting structure at the lower end of the anchor member in Figure 12 is the grouting body or concrete with the enlarged head, the grouting body or concrete has main steel bars, the steel cage is a simple enlarged diameter umbrella-shaped expanded diameter steel cage, and the bearing plate is sleeved There are nuts fixed on the main steel bar and the lower end of the load-bearing plate.

Figure 14 is compared with Figure 13. This figure shows two anchor rods with different lengths connected by an inner connecting nut;

Figures 15 and 16 show two stress anchor rods with built-in and exposed connecting nuts 13 connected into different length anchor rods;

Fig. 18 is a structural schematic diagram of reinforced concrete wrapped in reinforced concrete with reinforced skeletons 3-7 and load-bearing plates (with reinforced perforations) distributed inside to form a stress anchor; compared with Fig. 17, it is provided with an embedded connecting nut.

Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which steel bars are wrapped in concrete with multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (with reinforcement perforations) distributed inside to form stress anchors; 3-8 concrete is poured at the central axis, 3-1 -1 refers to multiple anchor rod steel bars, generally no more than 5; it can be provided with a connecting nut 13 or a nut that is fixed by applying stress instead of the connecting nut 13.

Figure 20 is a structural schematic diagram of a stress anchor rod with multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (equipped with steel perforations) distributed in reinforced concrete; 1 refers to multiple anchor rod reinforcement; it can be provided with a connecting nut 13 or a nut that is fixed by applying stress instead of the connecting nut 13; compared with Figure 20, there are 2-3 anchor rod reinforcements.

In Figure 21, the multiple anchor bars 3-1-1 can be exposed at the ends and used to connect the anchor member unit and the connection between the units;

Figure 22 is a structural schematic diagram of a stress anchor with multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (equipped with steel perforations) distributed in reinforced concrete wrapped concrete; but in the figure, multiple anchor bars 3-1-1 It can be exposed at the end to connect the anchor rod unit and the connection between the unit; it is fixed by a stress nut, and the other end is provided with a connecting nut;

Figure 23 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application where the steel bar wrapped in concrete has multiple main steel bars 3-1-1 and load-bearing plates (with reinforcement perforations) distributed inside to form an anchor rod; but in the figure, multiple anchor bars 3-1 -1 can be exposed at the end, used to connect the anchor member unit and the connection between the unit. But the stress-free nut is fixed, and the other end is provided with a connecting nut.

The pipe column of the anchor rod reinforcement of the present application can form a prestressed structure of the hollow anchor rod, which is convenient for factory production, has controllable weight, low transportation cost, and the quality and standard of prestressing are easier to control and grasp in the factory. The concrete or mortar (i.e. pipe column) of the main reinforcement prepared by pouring concrete or mortar into the steel cage or the outer layer of the fine-rolled thick steel reinforcement can withstand stress.

The unbonded steel anchor rod can also be matched with the hollow anchor pipe string of this application, and can be matched with pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile non-bonded anchor steel bars, pre-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and tensile steel anchors The rod can be connected to the rated length and can be connected to the enlarged head reinforcement cage of variable diameter, which constitutes a practical engineering system of the present application.

(Pre-tensioned or post-tensioned) Pre-stressed anti-floating and tensile steel composite anchors and application pipe columns, that is, prefabricated assembled anti-floating and tensile composite anchors, including prefabricated concrete pipe columns, and are used for accommodating the anchor steel bars The pipe column has an inner diameter of 3-7 cm and an outer diameter of 14-30 cm. The prefabricated concrete pipe column can be equipped with a reinforced skeleton. Connect to the lower end of the steel cage (especially the variable-diameter steel cage first proposed by the applicant, especially the connection of the main steel bar. The center of the variable-diameter steel bar cage needs the main steel bar, and the main steel bar of the variable-diameter steel bar cage does not require pre- Stress, thereby forming a concrete foundation with a larger diameter than the prefabricated concrete pipe column. This foundation is grouted through the grouting pipe; it has greater tensile and compression resistance.) Therefore, this application is a combination of prefabricated concrete pipe columns. A component of the assembled anti-floating and tensile anchor rod assembly.

The threaded connector of the finish-rolled steel bar adopts the nut as the connecting structure, the length is 15-25 cm, and the standard is 20 cm.

The pre-tensioned pre-stressed anti-floating and tensile steel anchor rod is pre-stressed and fixed with the finished pipe column of the present application. This is the pipe column of the anchor rod steel bar. Load-bearing plates (anchor pads) with holes and larger than the inner diameter of the pipe column are placed at both ends of the finished pipe column. When stress is applied to the steel bars exposed on the surface of the bearing plate hole, the steel bars are fixed to the load-bearing plate or the steel bars with lock nuts. The ends are welded and fixed on the load-bearing board.

Preparation of unbonded anchor rod steel bars: The extrusion coating process can be used, which is similar to the process of cable wrapping plastic sleeves, and is suitable for large-scale production of single steel bars. It constitutes an unbonded pre-tensioned or post-tensioned pre-tensioned anti-floating and anti-tension steel anchor rod, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is anti-corrosion grease or anti-corrosion asphalt; the extrusion coating process is mainly unbonded ribs through the anti-corrosion grease layer The device is coated with an anti-corrosion grease layer, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is coated with no adhesive ribs. The polyethylene or polypropylene plastic film is coated by the plastic extruder, and then the plastic sleeve is formed by the cooling cylinder mold. This extrusion coating process is characterized by high efficiency, good quality, and stable equipment performance. It is similar to the process of wrapping plastic sleeves for wires and cables. It is suitable for large-scale production of single steel strands and 2-3 wire bundles. . Coating molding process The coating molding process is to apply the paint without bonding ribs through the paint tank, and then use the beaming roller to form a bundle and perform supplementary painting. The thickness of the paint is generally 0.5-2mm, and the inner painting can be completed by manual operation. Anti-corrosion asphalt or anti-corrosion grease (from butter to chlorinated polyethylene), covered with a plastic sheet. Especially the unbonded ribs coated with anti-corrosion grease and other coatings are then automatically cross-wound two layers of plastic cloth through the cloth drum, and when they reach the required length, they are cut to become a complete unbonded prestressed rib. It can work continuously on the paper wrapping machine to complete the processes of weaving, coating anti-corrosion grease layer, heading, wrapping plastic cloth and cutting. This coating molding process is characterized by good quality and strong adaptability. When making unbonded prestressed tendons, the steel bars are placed on the defensive wire plate, passed through the comb plate to form a steel wire bundle, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is evenly coated by the oil gun, and then penetrates into the anchor ring. Cold forging machine cold forging anchor head with anchor The bundled steel wires of the ring are pulled forward by a tractor, and at the same time, the paper-wrapping carousel equipped with plastic strips is started, and the steel wire bundles move forward while winding the plastic cloth strips. When the wire bundle reaches the required length, it is cut to become a complete unbonded prestressed tendon.

Post pre-stressed anchor rod components, lock (high-strength) steel bars and apply pre-stress, and wrap them with concrete or cement mortar, cement grout or other curable materials, concrete, cement mortar, cement grout or other curable materials After solidification, a prefabricated pre-stressed bolt assembly is formed.

Pre-tensioned prefabricated pre-stressed steel anchor rod 3 unit preparation, the first method and structure: the main reinforcement of the pre-stressed anchor rod assembly still uses one steel bar in Figure 1, or two or more steel bars, which are prefabricated in cement In the field, a predetermined prestress is applied to both ends of the steel bar 3-1, and the steel bar is in a relatively elongated tension state. At this time, the tensioned steel bar is poured into concrete or mortar, and the outer diameter of the concrete or mortar is required Taking into account the diameter of the drill rod when the anchor rod is used, the diameter of the variable diameter steel cage used in this application should be considered, generally not greater than 25cm, or the diameter of the rod can be set according to the needs of the project; such as poured concrete, mortar or other After the curable material has solidified to reach the design strength, the equipment for applying prestress at both ends of the steel anchor bar is loosened to prepare the prefabricated pre-stressed steel anchor member for which the cost is applied. It is also possible to prepare prefabricated prestressed reinforced concrete anchor rod assemblies with a relatively longer relative length, and in actual use, the overall length of prefabricated prestressed reinforced concrete anchor rod assemblies can be disconnected to obtain a suitable application length.

The second method and structure: The pipe column using the anchor rod reinforcement of the present application can form multiple units (each unit can be pre-stressed) and connected to form a pre-cast pre-stressed structure of anchor rod, each unit has a concrete or mortar pouring The main reinforcement or the concrete or mortar pipe column of the outer layer of the steel reinforcement cage and the corresponding length of the final steel reinforcement are prestressed and able to withstand stress. The multiple units shown in FIG. 8 are connected to the required length of the anchor rod, and the screw connection nut 13 may also be embedded.

The lower end of the prefabricated prestressed anchor rod assembly of the above structure can be connected with a variable-diameter steel cage, a fixed-diameter steel cage, a bladder or other anchor heads. When the prefabricated prestressed anchor rod assembly is connected with the variable diameter reinforcement cage, fixed diameter reinforcement cage, bladder or other anchor heads, it is taken at the lower end of the anchor rod assembly, and the reserved position is extended to the variable diameter reinforcement cage and fixed diameter reinforcement The length of the cage, pouch or other anchor head is suitable for the steel bar, and the anchor plate is connected to the anchor pad at the bottom of the anchor head (welding or concrete fixed connection, etc.); the lower end of the anchor rod assembly can also be left with an appropriate length of steel bar, Connect with the top of the finished anchor head with an adapter nut; or by improving the rod and anchor head, the prefabricated pre-stressed anchor rod assembly and the variable-diameter steel cage, fixed-diameter steel cage, bladder or other anchor heads can become an organic whole to transfer stress .

The number of steel bars in the prestressed anchor assembly is one or more than one, such as two, three, four, five, or six to form a central beam structure (such as designing a single steel bar, it will be difficult to over-rough the steel bar). The specifications, performance and diameter of the steel bars can be determined according to the requirements of the design requirements for prestress and the application of anchor rod tension (refer to the design manual of the anchor rod); the length of the anchor rod, the shape and area of the cross section, are based on the engineering technical requirements set up. Various specifications and standards can also be formulated for standardized production. One or more threaded steel bars, i.e. steel anchor rod holes, are arranged on the anchor backing plate. The pre-stressed anchor rod composed of multiple steel anchors has a good effect, which can make the force of the pre-stressed anchor rod more uniform, and the stress application is also more uniform.

The materials used for the main reinforcement and reinforcement of the steel anchor rod include, but are not limited to, steel, steel strands, glass fiber, aramid or other polymer material fibers, carbon fiber, graphene, carbon-related materials and their composite materials. Macromolecule materials such as carbon fiber can also be used for anchor rods, and stress should also be applied.

The three-dimensional prestressed anchor rod can be solid or hollow in cross-section, which means that different casting materials are used, and a cylindrical shape can be poured after the core is fixed.

The application described in this application, in particular, can use the pre-tensioning method to prefabricate the pre-stressed anchor rod assembly. The applicable fields include but are not limited to anti-floating and tensile, roads, mining, tunnels and bridges, foundation pits and mountain slope protection, and geological disaster treatment; also Used in compressive engineering and other fields. It can be used as a prefabricated prestressed compression pile according to the needs of the engineering design.

Straight or variable diameter steel cage expansion prestressed anchor rod prestress construction method, straight or variable diameter steel cage and tie rod fixing method, pile machine drilling to the depth, can carry out high-pressure rotary grouting construction or mechanical reaming construction, laying down a certain amount The diameter of the prestressed anchor rod, the bottom end of the anchor rod is a straight or variable diameter steel cage. After the variable diameter steel cage is in place, the expansion mechanism will open the steel cage to the design size. High pressure grouting or pouring concrete is formed in the expansion section and the entire pile Pile; The tie rod of the prestressed anchor rod is pre-stressed and becomes a prefabricated component of prestressed reinforced concrete;

The construction method steps are: (1) Drill to the design depth, carry out high-pressure jet grouting construction or mechanical drilling or reaming construction. After the hole is formed, (2) Prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor according to the design requirements Rods, pipe columns for prefabricated prestressed anchor rods, prefabricated prestressed unbonded steel components for anti-floating and tensile anchor rods, and their elongated forms, or the reinforced cage and enlarged diameter provided with the enlarged bottom end (Variable diameter) Reinforced cage, variable diameter rebar cage, fixed diameter rebar cage, bladder, anchor plate or other anchor head bearing body for grafting skeleton system, (3) When stress is applied by post-tensioning method, after stress is applied, Fix with flange nuts (in a set); (4) Pouring concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable material to wrap and solidify to form a pre-stressed anchor body application independently, or form an enlarged head pre-stressed anchor pile Application, (5) Finally, install the supporting form to pour the concrete foundation slab fixed anchor. When using prefabricated prestressed bolt assemblies, post-stressing is not required.

The amount of prestress applied: according to the anti-floating calculation of the basement, the calculated floating head is magnified by 1.05 times; the safety factor of the anti-floating calculation prestressed bolt is K=2.0; therefore, the prestress applied by the prestressed bolt is less than the prestressed bolt The characteristic value of is greater than the buoyancy resistance of the prestressed anchor rod required at the normal water level, and 50% of the characteristic value of the bearing capacity is taken into consideration. When preparing the prestressed anchor, different diameters have different applied prestress (different elongation, different relative elongation coefficient). [0130] The above are only implementation cases of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit, principles and principles of this application are all included in this application. Within the scope of protection.

Claims

A prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor member, which includes unbonded steel bars or main steel bars, hollow pipe columns for pre-stressed anchors, and nuts for locking anchors; pass the unbonded steel bars or main steel bars through Into the pipe string, the prefabricated hollow pipe string is used as the support, the two ends of the above steel bars are stretched, and after prestress is applied, the two ends of the pipe string are locked with nuts to form prefabricated prestressed anchor rods.
The prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor member according to claim 1, wherein the main reinforcement bar is a high-strength finish-rolled rebar; an anti-corrosion grease layer is provided on the surface of the main reinforcement bar, and the anti-corrosion grease layer is outside the anti-corrosion grease layer. Equipped with casing to form prefabricated prestressed unbonded steel bars.
The prefabricated combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor member according to claim 2, wherein the unbonded steel bar and the main reinforcement steel bar are the main reinforcement steel bars connected by the segmented main reinforcement steel bars through connecting nuts In the structure, the number of the main reinforcement steel bars is one or one to six parallel steel bars, which are evenly distributed in the center of the prestressed anchor rod. The two ends of the section steel are provided with silk patterns, and the casing is made of metal foil and plastic material.
The prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor member according to claim 1, wherein the hollow tubular column for the prefabricated prestressed anchor is a concrete prefabricated tubular column provided with a steel frame, and is capable of A pipe string containing unbonded steel bars for anchor rods, with an inner diameter of 3-7 cm and an outer diameter of 10-30 cm. The size can be set according to the needs of the project. The prefabricated concrete pipe column is equipped with or without a skeleton, and the reinforcement material is selected for the skeleton , The optional reinforcement materials include, but are not limited to, several vertical bars, stirrups, steel sleeves, steel cages, steel cages, pressure plates, anchor plates, pressure flanges, etc., reinforcement materials and concrete or cement mortar, Cement slurry or other curable material wraps one of them and condenses and solidifies to form a pipe string.
The prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor member according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the hollow pipe column for the pre-fabricated pre-stressed anchor rod is used for the reinforcement of vertical steel bars, steel sleeves, and steel bars. After the cage and steel wire mesh cage are prestressed, they are wrapped with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials and set and solidified. It can also be poured into a solid to form a prefabricated prestressed pipe column. It can also be used as a prefabricated The prestressed pipe string is used as an independent commercial anchor rod assembly.
The prefabricated combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile prestressed anchor according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the lock anchor nut and the connecting nut are external or built-in embedded in the pipe string and used for the prefabricated prestressed anchor The pipe string is integrated, and the connecting nut connects two or more prefabricated pre-stressed anchor rods to achieve the required length.
The prefabricated combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pipe string for the pre-fabricated pre-stressed anchor rod and the pre-fabricated pre-stressed unbonded steel bar for the anti-floating and tensile anchor rod The combined assembly-type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor bolt components of its elongated form are all wrapped with concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or other curable materials and cured to form a pre-stressed anchor body independently; and The bottom end is equipped with steel cages, enlarged diameter (variable diameter) steel cages, variable diameter steel cages, fixed diameter steel cages, pockets, anchor plates or other anchor head bearing bodies for grafting, and under stress conditions, Pouring concrete or cement mortar, cement slurry or one of other curable materials to wrap and condense and solidify to form an enlarged head pre-stressed anchor pile.
The prefabricated assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the three-dimensional geometric forms of the anchor member and the steel cage include but are not limited to: cube, polyhedron, Regular polyhedrons, tetrahedrons, cuboids, cylinders, truncated cones, prisms, truncated cones, cones, pyramids, bamboo joints, strings, convex and concave shapes, the shape of the plane cross section includes but not limited to: square, rectangle, triangle, quadrilateral, rhombus , Trapezoid, polygon, circle, ellipse, ring, sector, arc; the anchor rod can be solid or hollow.
The prefabricated assembly assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor member according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the pipe string for the pre-fabricated pre-stressed anchor rod and the pre-fabricated pre-stressed anchor rod for the anti-floating and tensile anchor rod have no Bonded steel bars, and the materials used for the elongated main bars and reinforcements, including but not limited to steel, steel strands, glass fiber, resin, glass fiber reinforced resin, aramid fiber, carbon fiber, graphene, carbon element related materials Materials and their composite materials, macromolecules, macromolecule polymer materials, nanomaterials, metallic materials and non-metallic materials.
The construction method of a prefabricated combined assembly type anti-floating and tensile pre-stressed anchor rod assembly according to one of claims 1-7, wherein the steps are: drilling to the design depth, and carrying out high-pressure jet grouting construction or mechanical reaming After construction, after the hole is formed, the anchor rod reinforcement is placed to connect with the variable diameter steel cage, fixed diameter steel cage, bladder or other anchor heads. After the expansion head with the variable diameter steel cage is in place, release the restraint mechanism to make the variable diameter steel cage Expand to the design size, and then grouting or pouring concrete into the expansion section of the variable-diameter steel cage as an anchor head; the top of the anchor rod is fixed by the flange nut kit that is embedded to cover the reinforcement, or it can be fixed by the anchor plate and nut , Connect with the steel frame system of the foundation slab, and fix it with a flange nut kit when the stress is applied by the post-tensioning method, that is, when the stress is applied; The anchor plate is fixed on the bottom plate of the cast concrete foundation; when the prefabricated pre-stressed anchor rod assembly is used, no post-stress is required.
The construction method according to claim 10, wherein the steps are: when the anchor rod assembly is connected with a variable-diameter steel cage, a fixed-diameter steel cage, a bladder or other anchor heads, the lower end of the anchor rod assembly is reserved. Reinforcing bars are adapted to the length of variable-diameter steel cages, fixed-diameter steel cages, pockets or other anchor heads, and are connected to the anchor backing plate at the bottom of the anchor head (reinforcing steel bars are welded or the main reinforcement is connected by connecting nuts), leaving appropriate The length of the steel bar is connected with the top of the finished anchor head with a connecting nut; through the improvement of the rod and the anchor head, the anchor rod assembly and the variable diameter steel cage, the fixed diameter steel cage, the pocket or other anchor heads become an organic whole.