WO2021220596A1

WO2021220596A1 - Windowpane

Info

Publication number: WO2021220596A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/006665
Authority: WO
Inventors: 駿介定金; 大輝藤本
Original assignee: Ａｇｃ株式会社
Priority date: 2020-04-30
Filing date: 2021-02-22
Publication date: 2021-11-04
Also published as: CN115461254A; DE112021001352T5; JPWO2021220596A1

Abstract

This windowpane includes an interlayer disposed between a first glass plate and a second glass plate. The interlayer includes a heat generation member, a first bus bar, and a bonding layer. The heat generation member is provided in an information acquisition region that acquires outdoor information by an information acquisition device. The first bus bar supplies a first potential to the heat generation member. The bonding layer bonds the first and second glass plates. The windowpane further includes a first electrical connector. The first electrical connector is connected to the first bus bar inside the interlayer and is removed out of the interlayer. The ratio of the area of a heated region heated by the heat generation member to the cross sectional area of the conductor of the first electrical connector is between 5,000 and 200,000 inclusive.

Description

Window glass

This disclosure relates to window glass.

Patent Document 1 describes a technique of arranging a bus bar and a heating wire inside a windshield of an automobile and removing cloudiness (water droplets) or ice by heat generation of the heating wire. The windshield has a shielding layer along its periphery. A transparent window is provided in a part of the shielding layer, and a camera installed inside the vehicle captures the situation outside the vehicle through the transparent window. A heating line is arranged in the transmission window, and fogging or ice in the transmission window is removed by heat generation of the heating line.

A connecting material is used to energize each bus bar and each heating wire. The connecting material is formed in a sheet shape by a conductive material. Each connecting material is fixed to each bus bar by a fixing material such as solder. Each connecting material extends from each bus bar to the upper edge of the first glass plate and is exposed from the notch in the second glass plate. At the exposed portion, the connection terminals of the cable extending from the power supply of the automobile are connected by a fixing material such as solder. The first glass plate is arranged outside the vehicle with respect to the second glass plate.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-212148

The electric connector is connected to the bus bar inside the intermediate layer arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and is taken out to the outside of the intermediate layer. To remove fogging or ice at high speed, a large current should be applied to the bus bar. Then, in order to prevent abnormal heat generation or disconnection due to a large current, the thickness of the electric connector may be increased. However, if the thickness of the electric connector is too thick, air bubbles are generated in the intermediate layer when the first glass plate and the second glass plate are adhered, and the appearance is deteriorated.

One aspect of the present disclosure provides a technique for suppressing deterioration of the appearance of a window glass and supplying a large current to a bus bar.

The window glass according to one aspect of the present disclosure has a first glass plate, a second glass plate, and an intermediate layer. The first glass plate includes an information acquisition area for acquiring outdoor information by an information acquisition device. The second glass plate is arranged to face the first glass plate. The intermediate layer is arranged between the first glass plate and the second glass plate. The intermediate layer includes a heat generating member, a first bus bar, a second bus bar, and an adhesive layer. The heat generating member is arranged in the information acquisition region. The first bus bar supplies a first potential to the heat generating member. The second bus bar supplies the heat generating member with a second potential different from the first potential. The adhesive layer adheres the first glass plate and the second glass plate. The window glass has a first electric connector and a second electric connector. The first electric connector is connected to the first bus bar inside the intermediate layer and is taken out of the intermediate layer. The second electric connector is connected to the second bus bar inside the intermediate layer and is taken out of the intermediate layer. The ratio of the area of the heating region heated by the heat generating member to the cross-sectional area of the conductor of the first electric connector is 5,000 or more and 200,000 or less. The ratio of the area of the heating region to the cross-sectional area of the conductor of the second electric connector is 5,000 or more and 200,000 or less.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, deterioration of the appearance of the window glass can be suppressed, and a large current can be supplied to the bus bar.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a window glass according to an embodiment, and is a plan view showing the first glass plate and the adhesive layer removed. FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the region II of FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the heating region of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the window glass taken along the line IV-IV of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the window glass taken along the line VV of FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the window glass along the VI-VI line of FIG. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a heating region according to a modified example. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the connection between the wire harness of the vehicle and the electric connector.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same or corresponding configurations may be designated by the same reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted. Further, in each drawing, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other. In the specification, "-" indicating a numerical range means that the numerical values described before and after the numerical range are included as the lower limit value and the upper limit value.

As shown in FIG. 6, the window glass 1 is formed between the first glass plate 2, the second glass plate 3 arranged to face the first glass plate 2, and the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3. It has an intermediate layer 4 arranged in. The window glass 1 is attached to the vehicle body of a vehicle such as an automobile. The first glass plate 2 is provided on the outdoor side, that is, on the vehicle outer side of the second glass plate 3, for example. The second glass plate 3 is provided on the outdoor side, that is, on the inside of the vehicle, as compared with the first glass plate 2, for example. The number of glass plates constituting the window glass 1 may be 3 or more. When the number of glass plates constituting the window glass 1 is 3 or more, the number of interlayer films may be 2 or more.

The first glass plate 2 may be either inorganic glass or organic glass. Examples of the inorganic glass include soda lime glass and aluminosilicate glass. Further, the inorganic glass may be either untempered glass or tempered glass. Untempered glass is made by molding molten glass into a plate shape and slowly cooling it. Tempered glass is formed by forming a compressive stress layer on the surface of untempered glass. The tempered glass may be either physically tempered glass (for example, wind-cooled tempered glass) or chemically tempered glass. On the other hand, examples of organic glass include transparent resins such as polycarbonate, acrylic resin, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene. The acrylic resin is, for example, polymethylmethacrylate. The second glass plate 3 may be either inorganic glass or organic glass, similarly to the first glass plate 2.

The first glass plate 2 is formed to be convex toward the outside of the vehicle. As the bending molding of the first glass plate 2, gravity molding, press molding or the like is used. When the first glass plate 2 is physically tempered glass, the glass plate uniformly heated in bending molding is rapidly cooled from a temperature near the softening point, and a compressive stress is generated on the glass surface due to the temperature difference between the glass surface and the inside of the glass. The glass surface may be strengthened by allowing the glass surface to be strengthened. When the first glass plate 2 is chemically tempered glass, the glass surface may be strengthened by generating compressive stress on the glass surface by an ion exchange method or the like after bending molding. The second glass plate 3 is also formed to be convex toward the outside of the vehicle, like the first glass plate 2.

Since the first glass plate 2 is provided on the outer side of the vehicle than the second glass plate 3, it has a thickness of 1.8 mm or more in order to suppress the occurrence of scratches due to flying stones. The thickness of the first glass plate 2 is 3.0 mm or less from the viewpoint of lightness and moldability. The thickness of the first glass plate 2 may be constant or may change depending on the position.

Since the second glass plate 3 is provided inside the vehicle than the first glass plate 2, it may be thinner than the first glass plate 2. The thickness of the second glass plate 3 is 0.3 mm or more from the viewpoint of handleability. The thickness of the second glass plate 3 is 2.3 mm or less from the viewpoint of light weight and moldability. The thickness of the second glass plate 3 may be constant or may change depending on the position.

The intermediate layer 4 includes an adhesive layer 41 that adheres the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3. The adhesive layer 41 is formed of a general resin, for example, a thermoplastic resin such as polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), or cycloolefin polymer (COP). The adhesive layer 41 exhibits adhesiveness when heated.

The adhesive layer 41 may have either a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The adhesive layer 41 may have a function other than adhesion. For example, the adhesive layer 41 may have one or more selected from a sound insulation layer, a colored transparent layer, an ultraviolet ray cut layer, an infrared ray cut layer, and the like.

The thickness of the adhesive layer 41 is, for example, 0.5 mm or more from the viewpoint of adhesiveness. The thickness of the adhesive layer 41 is, for example, 3 mm or less from the viewpoint of light weight and handleability. The thickness of the adhesive layer 41 may be constant or may change depending on the position. For example, when the image of the head-up display is projected on the window glass 1, the thickness of the adhesive layer 41 becomes thicker from the lower side to the upper side in order to suppress the generation of the double image. The adhesive layer 41 is formed in a wedge shape, and the wedge angle thereof is, for example, 1.0 mrad or less.

The manufacturing method of the window glass 1 includes the following steps (A) to (C). (A) The first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3 are overlapped with each other via the adhesive layer 41 to prepare a laminated body. (B) The laminated body is housed inside the rubber bag, the rubber bag is heated while reducing the pressure inside the rubber bag, and the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3 are bonded by the adhesive layer 41. The pressure inside the rubber bag is, for example, -100 kPa to -65 kPa with respect to the atmospheric pressure. The heating temperature of the rubber bag is, for example, 70 ° C. to 110 ° C. (C) The laminate taken out from the rubber bag is pressure-bonded at a pressure of 0.6 MPa to 1.3 MPa while heating at, for example, 100 ° C. to 150 ° C. For crimping, for example, an autoclave is used. The method for manufacturing the window glass 1 may be any general method, and the step (C) may not be included.

The window glass 1 is used, for example, as a windshield of a vehicle. In this case, an adhesive (not shown) for adhering the window glass 1 and the vehicle body is applied to the peripheral edge of the window glass 1. The adhesive is, for example, urethane. A light-shielding region is formed on the peripheral edge of the window glass 1 in order to suppress deterioration of the adhesive due to ultraviolet rays. The light-shielding region is a region where the light-shielding layer 5 is formed or a colored region of the adhesive layer 41.

As shown in FIG. 1, the light-shielding layer 5 may be formed on the entire peripheral edge of the window glass 1. The light-shielding layer 5 is formed by firing, for example, a black ceramic paste. The black ceramic paste is applied to the first glass plate 2 or the second glass plate 3 and fired at the same time as the bending molding of the first glass plate 2 or the second glass plate 3. The light-shielding layer 5 may be formed by firing colored organic ink.

The light-shielding layer 5 is formed on both the second surface 12 and the fourth surface 14 of, for example, the first surface 11, the second surface 12, the third surface 13, and the fourth surface 14 of the window glass 1. The first surface 11 is a main surface of the first glass plate 2 facing the outside of the vehicle. The second surface 12 is a main surface of the first glass plate 2 facing the inside of the vehicle. The third surface 13 is a main surface of the second glass plate 3 facing the outside of the vehicle. The fourth surface 14 is a main surface of the second glass plate 3 facing the inside of the vehicle. The light-shielding layer 5 may be formed on only one of the second surface 12 and the fourth surface 14.

The window glass 1 includes, for example, a water-repellent layer, an ultraviolet ray-cutting layer, an infrared ray-cutting layer, a heat insulating layer, a colored transparent layer, and the like, in addition to the first glass plate 2, the second glass plate 3, the intermediate layer 4, and the light-shielding layer 5. It may have one or more selected from. The heat insulating layer has a function of suppressing radiant heat transfer. The colored transparent layer has an antiglare function that lowers the transmittance of visible light. The arrangement of these functional layers may be outside or inside the window glass 1.

Although the window glass 1 is used as the windshield of the vehicle in the present embodiment, it may be used as the rear glass or the side glass.

The second glass plate 3 has an information acquisition area 31. The information acquisition area 31 is an area for acquiring outdoor information, that is, information outside the vehicle by the information acquisition device 9. The first glass plate 2 also has an information acquisition region 21 like the second glass plate 3. The information acquisition area 21 of the first glass plate 2 and the information acquisition area 31 of the second glass plate 3 substantially coincide with each other. Therefore, the information acquisition region 31 of the second glass plate 3 will be described below, and the description of the information acquisition region 21 of the first glass plate 2 will be omitted.

The information acquisition device 9 includes, for example, a light receiving element that receives visible light or infrared light, and the light receiving element acquires an image of the outside of the vehicle. The information acquisition device 9 is, for example, a camera such as a visible light camera or an infrared camera, or a LiDAR (Light Imaging Detection and Ringing). LiDAR irradiates a laser beam, receives reflected light from an object, and measures the distance and direction to the object. LiDAR scans the laser beam over the entire information acquisition region 31.

As shown in FIG. 1, the information acquisition area 31 is, for example, an opening of the light-shielding layer 5, and is surrounded on all sides (up, down, left, and right) by the light-shielding layer 5. The light-shielding layer 5 includes, for example, a frame-shaped portion 51 and a protruding portion 52 protruding downward from the upper edge of the frame-shaped portion 51. The protrusion 52 is, for example, trapezoidal. The protruding portion 52 is provided with an information acquisition area 31. In the present embodiment, the information acquisition area 31 is surrounded on all four sides (up / down / left / right) by the light-shielding layer 5, but may be surrounded on three sides (upper / left / right), that is, it may be open downward.

As shown in FIG. 3, the information acquisition area 31 has a trapezoidal shape and has a horizontal upper side 32 and a horizontal lower side 33. In the present specification, the trapezoid is not only a trapezoid in a mathematical sense, but also a shape including a curved line, and a shape in which the upper side 32 and the lower side 33 are not completely parallel and are inclined at an angle of 10 ° or less. including. The X-axis direction parallel to the upper side 32 and the lower side 33 is the horizontal direction, and the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction is the vertical direction. The Y-axis direction is the thickness direction. The positive side in the Y-axis direction is the inside of the vehicle, and the negative side in the Y-axis direction is the outside of the vehicle.

The intermediate layer 4 has a heating wire 42 as a heat generating member arranged in the information acquisition region 31. The heating wire 42 generates heat due to the supply of electric power, and removes fogging or ice attached to the information acquisition region 31.

For example, a plurality of heating wires 42 cross the information acquisition area 31 in the horizontal direction and are provided at intervals in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of heating wires 42 may be vertically traversed in the information acquisition region 31 or may be provided at intervals in the horizontal direction. Further, the heating wire 42 may be arranged in a mesh shape. That is, a heating wire extending in the vertical direction and a heating wire extending in the horizontal direction may be provided. The shape of the mesh of the mesh is not limited to a quadrangle, and may be, for example, a triangle, a hexagon, a circle, or the like. Further, the shape of the mesh of the mesh may be irregular.

The heating wire 42 may be a straight line, but may be a wavy line such as a sinusoidal curve in order to suppress the generation of light beams. Light beam is a phenomenon in which streaky light is visually recognized, and is a phenomenon caused by diffraction and interference of light. When the plurality of adjacent heating wires 42 are out of phase, the generation of light beams can be further suppressed. The cycle of the heating wire 42 may change on the way from the first bus bar 43 to the second bus bar 44.

The material of the heating wire 42 is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive material, and for example, a pure metal selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, tin, iron, nickel, chromium, and tungsten, from this group. An alloy, carbon, or graphene containing one or more metals of choice. The heating wire 42 may be formed of the same material as the first bus bar 43 and the second bus bar 44, or may be integrally formed without using a conductive adhesive such as solder.

The heat generating member of the intermediate layer 4 is the heating wire 42 in the present embodiment and is linear, but it may be planar. For example, the intermediate layer 4 may include a transparent conductive film as a heat generating member. Specific examples of the transparent conductive film include an indium tin oxide film (ITO film), a thin film of silver or a silver alloy, and the like.

The intermediate layer 4 includes a first bus bar 43 that supplies a first potential to one end of the heating wire 42, and a second bus bar 44 that supplies a second potential different from the first potential to the other end of the heating wire 42. Has. Either the first potential or the second potential may be higher. The first bus bar 43 and the second bus bar 44 apply a voltage to the heating wire 42. As a result, a current is supplied to the heating wire 42, and Joule heat is generated.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first bus bar 43 has an inclined portion 43a formed along the side side 34 of the trapezoidal information acquisition region 31 and along the upper side 32 of the information acquisition region 31 from the upper end of the inclined portion 43a. It has a parallel portion 43b to be formed and a vertical portion 43c extending upward from one end of the parallel portion 43b. The inclined portion 43a is connected to the right end portion of the heating wire 42, and the vertical portion 43c is connected to the conductor 63a of the first electric connector 63 described later.

Similarly, the second bus bar 44 is parallel to the inclined portion 44a formed along the side side 35 of the trapezoidal information acquisition region 31 and the parallel portion formed along the upper side 32 of the information acquisition region 31 from the upper end of the inclined portion 44a. It has a portion 44b and a vertical portion 44c extending upward from one end of the parallel portion 44b. The inclined portion 44a is connected to the left end portion of the heating wire 42, and the vertical portion 44c is connected to the conductor 64a of the second electric connector 64 described later.

The first bus bar 43 and the second bus bar 44 have lower electrical resistance than the heating wire 42, and unlike the heating wire 42, generate almost no heat. The region surrounded by the first bus bar 43, the second bus bar 44, and the heating wires 42 at both ends of the plurality of heating wires 42, for example, the region surrounded by the thick wires in FIG. 3 is heated by the heating wires 42. Region H. The heating region H is surrounded by, for example, an inclined portion 43a of the first bus bar 43, an inclined portion 43a of the second bus bar 44, a heating wire 42 at the upper end, and a heating wire 42 at the lower end.

As shown in FIG. 7, the heating region H is surrounded by a parallel portion 43b of the first bus bar 43, a parallel portion 44b of the second bus bar 44, a heating wire 42 at the left end, and a heating wire 42 at the right end. You may. The first bus bar 43 has a parallel portion 43b formed along the upper side 32 of the information acquisition region 31 and a vertical portion 43c extending upward from the parallel portion 43b. The parallel portion 43b is connected to the upper end portion of the heating wire 42, and the vertical portion 43c is connected to the conductor 63a of the first electric connector 63 described later. On the other hand, the second bus bar 44 has a parallel portion 44b formed along the lower side 33 of the information acquisition region 31 and a vertical portion 44c extending upward from the parallel portion 44b. The parallel portion 44b is connected to the lower end portion of the heating wire 42, and the vertical portion 44c is connected to the conductor 64a of the second electric connector 64 described later.

In a plan view (Y-axis direction view), the shape of the heating region H is, for example, the trapezoid shown in FIG. 3 or the rectangle shown in FIG. 7. In a plan view, the area of the heating region H is about the same as the area of the information acquisition region 31. Area B of the heating region H is, for example, 1500mm ^² ~ 36000mm ^2, is preferably 2500 mm ² ~ 30,000 mm ^2, more preferably at 4000mm ^² ~ 30000mm ^2.

In a plan view, the shape of the heating region H may be a shape other than the trapezoid shown in FIG. 3 or the rectangle shown in FIG. 7, and is U-shaped as shown in FIG. 13 of Patent Document 1, for example. There may be. In this case, the shape of the heating wire 42 is also U-shaped, and the heating wire 42 includes a bent portion in the middle thereof.

The heat generating member may be planar as described above. When the heat-generating member is planar, the heating region heated by the heat-generating member is a region surrounded by the first bus bar 43, the second bus bar 44, and the peripheral edge of the heat-generating member.

The first bus bar 43 is formed by firing a precious metal paste such as silver paste, or is formed by a metal ribbon such as a copper ribbon. The first bus bar 43 may be formed of flat braided copper wire. The second bus bar 44 is formed in the same manner as the first bus bar 43.

The material of the first bus bar 43 is a pure metal selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, tin, iron, nickel, chromium, and tungsten, or a pure metal selected from this group, similarly to the material of the heating wire 42. An alloy containing one or more metals to be made. However, the material of the first bus bar 43 may be a conductive organic polymer. The material of the second bus bar 44 is the same as the material of the first bus bar 43.

As shown in FIG. 5, the intermediate layer 4 may further include the base film 45. The base film 45 supports the heating wire 42, the first bus bar 43, and the second bus bar 44. The heating wire 42, the first bus bar 43, and the second bus bar 44 are arranged between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3 in a state of being supported by the base film 45.

The base film 45 improves the handleability of the heating wire 42 and the like. In the step (A), the base film 45 is formed by the second glass plate 3 and the adhesive layer 41 with the heating wire 42, the first bus bar 43, and the second bus bar 44 facing the second glass plate 3. Placed in between. The base film 45 is in contact with the second glass plate 3.

A second adhesive layer (not shown) having a larger area than the base film 45 may be arranged between the base film 45 and the second glass plate 3. The second adhesive layer is configured in the same manner as the adhesive layer 41. The second adhesive layer can reliably prevent the base film 45 from peeling off from the second glass plate 3. The base film 45 is arranged between the adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer.

The base film 45 is made of a transparent resin, and is made of, for example, the same material as the adhesive layer 41. However, the material of the base film 45 does not have to exhibit adhesiveness by heating, and may be, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or the like.

The peripheral edge of the base film 45 is arranged inside the peripheral edge of the adhesive layer 41. Since the adhesive layer 41 has a larger area than the base film 45, the adhesive layer 41 adheres the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3 even when the base film 45 does not have adhesiveness. can. The first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3 have a larger area than the base film 45, like the adhesive layer 41.

The arrangement of the conductors 63a of the first bus bar 43 and the first electric connector 63 may be reversed, and the conductor 63a may be arranged between the first bus bar 43 and the base film 45. Further, the arrangement of the conductor 64a of the second bus bar 44 and the second electric connector 64 may be reversed, and the conductor 64a may be arranged between the second bus bar 44 and the base film 45. Further, as described above, the base film 45 may be arranged between the adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer.

The intermediate layer 4 includes the base film 45 in the present embodiment, but the base film 45 may not be included. In this case, the heating wire 42, the first bus bar 43, and the second bus bar 44 are formed on the adhesive layer 41. Further, in this case, the heating wire 42, the first bus bar 43, and the second bus bar 44 may be arranged between the adhesive layer 41 and the second adhesive layer.

As shown in FIG. 3, the window glass 1 has a first electric connector 63 connected to the first bus bar 43. The first electric connector 63 is connected to the first bus bar 43 inside the intermediate layer 4, is taken out of the intermediate layer 4, and connects the wire harness of the vehicle and the first bus bar 43.

The first electric connector 63 includes a conductor 63a and an insulator 63b that covers the conductor 63a. The conductor 63a supplies a first potential to the first bus bar 43 from the wire harness of the vehicle. The conductor 63a is formed of a metal ribbon such as a Cu ribbon. On the other hand, the insulator 63b is made of, for example, a resin.

The ratio (B / A1) of the area B of the heating region H to the cross-sectional area A1 of the conductor 63a is, for example, 5,000 or more and 200,000 or less. B / A1 is a dimensionless quantity. The cross section of the conductor 63a is a cross section orthogonal to the current flow. When the cross-sectional shape of the conductor 63a is rectangular, the cross-sectional area A1 of the conductor 63a is equal to the product of the width W1 and the thickness T1.

When B / A1 is 5,000 or more, the cross-sectional area A1 of the conductor 63a is sufficiently small, and the bubbles generated inside the laminate in the step (A) above are small. Therefore, the bubbles are likely to disappear by the above steps (B) or (C), and the finally obtained window glass 1 has a good appearance.

On the other hand, when B / A1 is 200,000 or less, the cross-sectional area A1 of the conductor 63a is sufficiently large, abnormal heat generation or disconnection of the conductor 63a does not occur, and a large current can be supplied to the heating region H. .. Heating value per unit area of the heating region H, i.e., the heat generation density is, for example, ^{^{500W / m 2 ~ 2500W / m}} 2, preferably in ^{^{700W / m 2 ~ 2000W / m}} 2.

B / A1 is preferably 5000 to 200,000, more preferably 15,000 to 200,000, and even more preferably 20,000 to 200,000. A1 is, for example, 0.2 mm ² to 7.0 mm ² , preferably 0.3 mm ² to 6.0 mm ² . As shown in FIG. 7, when the number of the first electric connectors 63 used for heating the heating region H is a plurality, A1 is the total cross-sectional area of all the conductors 63a used for heating the heating region H. be.

The cross section of the conductor 63a has, for example, a rectangular shape, and the ratio of the thickness T1 to the width W1 (T1 / W1) is 0.007 to 0.04. T1 / W1 is a dimensionless quantity.

When T1 / W1 is 0.007 or more, the thickness T1 of the conductor 63a is sufficiently thick, there is no risk of disconnection due to bending deformation of the conductor 63a (see, for example, FIG. 8), and the handleability is good. On the other hand, when T1 / W1 is 0.04 or less, the thickness T1 of the conductor 63a is sufficiently thin, and the bubbles generated inside the laminate in the step (A) above are small. Therefore, the bubbles are likely to disappear by the above steps (B) or (C), and the finally obtained window glass 1 has a good appearance.

T1 / W1 is preferably 0.009 to 0.035, more preferably 0.009 to 0.012. T1 is, for example, 10 × 10 ^-3 mm to 400 × 10 ^-3 mm, preferably 70 × 10 ^-3 mm to 200 × 10 ^-3 mm. On the other hand, W1 is, for example, 1 mm to 25 mm, preferably 3 mm to 15 mm.

Further, the window glass 1 has a second electric connector 64 connected to the second bus bar 44. The second electric connector 64 is connected to the second bus bar 44 inside the intermediate layer 4, is taken out of the intermediate layer 4, and connects the wire harness of the vehicle and the second bus bar 44.

The second electric connector 64 includes a conductor 64a and an insulator 64b that covers the conductor 64a. The conductor 64a supplies a second potential to the second bus bar 44 from the wire harness of the vehicle. The conductor 64a is formed of a metal ribbon such as a Cu ribbon. On the other hand, the insulator 64b is made of, for example, a resin.

The ratio (B / A2) of the area B of the heating region H to the cross-sectional area A2 of the conductor 64a is, for example, 5,000 or more and 200,000 or less. B / A2 is a dimensionless quantity. The cross section of the conductor 64a is a cross section orthogonal to the current flow. When the cross-sectional shape of the conductor 64a is rectangular, the cross-sectional area A2 of the conductor 64a is equal to the product of the width W2 and the thickness T2.

When B / A2 is 5,000 or more, the cross-sectional area A2 of the conductor 64a is sufficiently small, and the bubbles generated inside the laminate in the step (A) above are small. Therefore, the bubbles are likely to disappear by the above steps (B) or (C), and the finally obtained window glass 1 has a good appearance. On the other hand, when B / A2 is 200,000 or less, the cross-sectional area A2 of the conductor 64a is sufficiently large, abnormal heat generation or disconnection of the conductor 64a does not occur, and a large current can be supplied to the heating region H. ..

B / A2 is preferably 5,000 to 200,000, more preferably 15,000 to 200,000, and even more preferably 20,000 to 200,000. A2 is, for example, 0.2 mm ² to 7.0 mm ² , preferably 0.3 mm ² to 6.0 mm ² . Although not shown, when the number of the second electric connectors 64 used for heating the heating region H is a plurality, A2 is the total cross-sectional area of all the conductors 64a used for heating the heating region H.

The cross section of the conductor 64a has, for example, a rectangular shape, and the ratio of the thickness T2 to the width W2 (T2 / W2) is 0.007 to 0.04. T2 / W2 is a dimensionless quantity.

When T2 / W2 is 0.007 or more, the thickness T2 of the conductor 64a is sufficiently thick, there is no risk of disconnection due to bending deformation of the conductor 64a, and the handleability is good. On the other hand, when T2 / W2 is 0.04 or less, the thickness T2 of the conductor 64a is sufficiently thin, and the bubbles generated inside the laminate in the step (A) above are small. Therefore, the bubbles are likely to disappear by the above steps (B) or (C), and the finally obtained window glass 1 has a good appearance.

T2 / W2 is preferably 0.009 to 0.035, more preferably 0.009 to 0.012. T2 is, for example, 10 × 10 ^-3 mm to 400 × 10 ^-3 mm, preferably 70 × 10 ^-3 mm to 200 × 10 ^-3 mm. On the other hand, W2 is, for example, 1 mm to 25 mm, preferably 3 mm to 15 mm.

The cross section of the conductor 63a of the first electric connector 63 and the cross section of the conductor 64a of the second electric connector 64 have the same shape and the same dimensions in the present embodiment, but may have different shapes. It may have different dimensions.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first electric connector 63 and the second electric connector 64 are arranged at intervals along the peripheral edge of the second glass plate 3, and more specifically, along the upper edge of the second glass plate 3. NS. In other words, the first electric connector 63 and the second electric connector 64 are arranged at intervals along the peripheral edge of the first glass plate 2, more specifically, along the upper edge of the first glass plate 2.

As shown in FIG. 4, the distance G between the first electric connector 63 and the second electric connector 64 is, for example, 10 mm or more. When G is 10 mm or more, in the step (B) or (C) above, the adhesive layer 41 is deformed so as to fill the space between the first electric connector 63 and the second electric connector 64, and is finally obtained. There are few bubbles inside the window glass 1. G is preferably 20 mm or more. On the other hand, G is preferably 400 mm or less. When G is 400 mm or less, it is easy to connect the first electric connector 63 or the second electric connector 64 to the electric wire on the vehicle body side (for example, the wire harness 73 shown in FIG. 8). G is smaller than the width of the heating region H.

The distance G between the first electric connector 63 and the second electric connector 64 is, for example, the width TW1 or more of the first electric connector 63 and the width TW2 or more of the second electric connector 64. When G is TW1 and TW2 or more, in the step (B) or (C) above, the adhesive layer 41 is deformed so as to fill the space between the first electric connector 63 and the second electric connector 64, and finally. There are few bubbles inside the obtained window glass 1. G is preferably twice or more as much as TW1 and more than twice as much as TW2. On the other hand, G is preferably 40 times or less of TW1 and 40 times or less of TW2. When G is 40 times or less of TW1 and 40 times or less of TW2, it is easy to connect the first electric connector 63 or the second electric connector 64 to the electric wire on the vehicle body side. For example, TW1 is W1 + 5 mm or less, and TW2 is W2 + 5 mm or less. Preferably, TW1 is W1 + 2 mm or less, and TW2 is W2 + 2 mm or less.

As shown in FIG. 8, the first electric connector 63 is bent in a U shape along the upper edge of the second glass plate 3, for example, and is connected to the wire harness 73 of the vehicle inside the second glass plate 3. , Solder, etc. The radius of curvature of the bent portion of the first electric connector 63 is, for example, 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm. If the radius of curvature of the bent portion of the first electric connector 63 is 0.5 mm or more, disconnection of the conductor 63a can be suppressed. On the other hand, if the radius of curvature of the bent portion of the first electric connector 63 is 1.2 mm or less, the adhesion between the bent portion of the first electric connector 63 and the second glass plate 3 is good, and the second glass plate 3 is easy to handle. The radius of curvature of the bent portion of the first electric connector 63 is, for example, half the thickness of the second glass plate 3. Although not shown, the second electric connector 64 is also bent in a U shape along the upper edge of the second glass plate 3 and is connected to the wire harness of the vehicle by solder or the like inside the second glass plate 3. Will be done. The radius of curvature of the bent portion of the second electric connector 64 is also, for example, 0.5 mm to 1.2 mm. The radius of curvature of the bent portion of the second electric connector 64 is, for example, half the thickness of the second glass plate 3.

The peripheral edge of the second glass plate 3 may have a notch 32 having a depth D from the peripheral edge of the second glass plate 3 of 2 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less, at a position where the first electric connector 63 is arranged. good. It is not necessary to have the notch 32. As the notch 32 is smaller, the difference in shape between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3 is smaller, so that the difference in bending during bending is smaller, and the risk of cracking and foaming can be reduced.

Although not shown, the peripheral edge of the second glass plate 3 has a notch having a depth of 2 mm or less, preferably 1 mm or less from the peripheral edge of the second glass plate 3 at a position where the second electric connector 64 is arranged. It may or may not have a notch. As the notch 32 is smaller, the difference in shape between the first glass plate 2 and the second glass plate 3 is smaller, so that the difference in bending during bending is smaller, and the risk of cracking and foaming can be reduced.

The experimental data will be described below with reference to Table 1. Examples 2 to 4 are examples, and Examples 1 and 5 to 6 are comparative examples. In Examples 1 to 6, windowpanes were manufactured under the same conditions except for the conditions shown in Table 1. The thickness of the first glass plate was 2 mm, the thickness of the second glass plate was 2 mm, and the thickness of the PVB sheet as the adhesive layer was 0.76 mm. Further, in a plan view, the size of the window glass was 1500 mm in width and 1000 mm in length. The heating wire, which is a heat generating member, the first bus bar, and the second bus bar were formed by firing silver paste and arranged as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. The base film that supports the heating wire and the like was a PVB sheet having a thickness of 0.76 mm. The first electric connector and the second electric connector are provided one by one. The first electric connector and the second electric connector were arranged at a distance of 10 mm along the upper edge of the second glass plate. The potential difference between the first electric connector and the second electric connector, that is, the potential difference between the first bus bar and the second bus bar was 1.5 V. The heat generation density in the heating region was 1000 W / m ² . Further, the radius of curvature of the portion bent along the upper edge of the second glass plate of each of the first electric connector and the second electric connector was 1 mm. In Examples 1 to 6, after manufacturing the window glass, the presence or absence of air bubbles in the window glass and the durability when energized were examined. The presence or absence of air bubbles was visually confirmed. The durability when energized was evaluated by the presence or absence of abnormal heat generation of the first electric connector and the second electric connector. In Table 1, "○" means that there was no abnormal heat generation in all the windowpanes when 30 pieces of windowpanes were manufactured, and "△" means that there was no abnormal heat generation in all the windowpanes when 30 pieces of windowpanes were manufactured. It means that there was an abnormal heat generation with a probability of 10% or more when 30 pieces of window glass were manufactured.

As is clear from Table 1, according to Examples 2 to 4, since B / A1 and B / A2 were 5,000 or more and 200,000 or less, respectively, there were no bubbles inside the window glass, and 30 windows. There was no abnormal heat generation in all of the glass. On the other hand, according to Example 1, since B / A1 and B / A2 were each less than 5,000, there were bubbles inside the window glass. Further, according to Examples 5 and 6, since B / A1 and B / A2 each exceeded 200,000, abnormal heat generation occurred with a probability of 10% or more among the 30 windowpanes.

In Example 7, the thickness of the second glass plate is changed to 1 mm, and the radius of curvature of the portion bent along the upper edge of the second glass plate of each of the first electric connector and the second electric connector is changed to 0.5 mm. A window glass was manufactured under the same conditions as in Example 3. When the durability of the windowpanes manufactured in Example 7 when energized was examined, there was no abnormal heat generation in all 30 windowpanes, and the evaluation was "○". On the other hand, in Example 8, the thickness of the second glass plate is changed to 0.8 mm, and the radius of curvature of the portion bent along the upper edge of the second glass plate of each of the first electric connector and the second electric connector is set to 0. A window glass was manufactured under the same conditions as in Example 3 except that the thickness was changed to 4 mm. When the durability of the window glass manufactured in Example 8 when energized was examined, it was evaluated that there was abnormal heat generation due to disconnection of the first electric connector and the second electric connector with a probability of less than 10% out of 30 window glasses. Was "△".

Although the window glass according to the present disclosure has been described above, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment and the like. Within the scope of the claims, various changes, modifications, replacements, additions, deletions, and combinations are possible. Of course, they also belong to the technical scope of the present disclosure.

For example, the window glass is attached to the vehicle in the above embodiment, but may be attached to the building.

This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-080469 filed with the Japan Patent Office on April 30, 2020, and the entire contents of Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-080469 are incorporated into this application. ..

1 Window glass 2 1st glass plate 21 Information acquisition area 3 2nd glass plate 31 Information acquisition area 4 Intermediate layer 42 Heating wire (heating member)
43 1st bus bar 44 2nd bus bar 63 1st electric connector 63a Conductor 64 2nd electric connector 64a Conductor H Heating region

Claims

A first glass plate including an information acquisition area for acquiring outdoor information by an information acquisition device, a second glass plate arranged to face the first glass plate, and the first glass plate and the second glass plate. A windowpane having an intermediate layer arranged between them.
The intermediate layer has a heat generating member arranged in the information acquisition region, a first bus bar that supplies the first potential to the heat generating member, and a second potential that supplies the heat generating member with a second potential different from the first potential. 2 A bus bar and an adhesive layer for adhering the first glass plate and the second glass plate are included.
A first electric connector connected to the first bus bar inside the intermediate layer and taken out to the outside of the intermediate layer, and connected to the second bus bar inside the intermediate layer to the outside of the intermediate layer. Further having a second electrical connector to be taken out,
The ratio of the area of the heating region heated by the heat generating member to the cross-sectional area of the conductor of the first electric connector is 5,000 or more and 200,000 or less.
A window glass in which the ratio of the area of the heating region to the cross-sectional area of the conductor of the second electric connector is 5,000 or more and 200,000 or less.
The cross section of the conductor of the first electric connector has a rectangular shape, and the ratio of the thickness to the width is 0.007 to 0.04.
The window glass according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the conductor of the second electric connector has a rectangular shape and the ratio of the thickness to the width is 0.007 to 0.04.
The first electric connector and the second electric connector are arranged at intervals along the peripheral edge of the second glass plate.
The window glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance between the first electric connector and the second electric connector is 10 mm or more.
The first electric connector and the second electric connector are arranged at intervals along the peripheral edge of the second glass plate.
The distance between the first electric connector and the second electric connector is equal to or greater than the width of the first electric connector and equal to or greater than the width of the second electric connector, according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Described window glass.
The second glass plate is arranged on the indoor side of the first glass plate.
The first electric connector and the second electric connector are arranged at intervals along the peripheral edge of the second glass plate.
The peripheral edge of the second glass plate has a notch having a depth of 2 mm or less from the peripheral edge of the second glass plate at a position where the first electric connector and the second electric connector are arranged, or is cut out. The window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which has no notch.