WO2021217330A1

WO2021217330A1 - Methanol vaporizing and mixing device, methanol heating reactor, methanol non-flame heating device, and control method

Info

Publication number: WO2021217330A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/087203
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李志国; 郝铁; 梁海滨
Original assignee: 北京燕东兆阳新能源科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-04-27
Filing date: 2020-04-27
Publication date: 2021-11-04

Abstract

A methanol vaporizing and mixing device (100), a methanol heating reactor (200), a methanol non-flame heating device, and a control method. A heat exchange tube (132) filled with a catalyst (131) is provided in an air preheating chamber (124) of the methanol vaporizing and mixing device (100); air heated by the air preheating chamber (124) and methanol for preheating are mixed, a catalytic oxidation reaction occurs in the heat exchange tube (132) of the air preheating chamber (124), and heat energy for heating air is released. A heat exchange tube (232) filled with a catalyst (231) is provided in a working medium heating chamber (224) of the methanol heating reactor (200), a catalytic oxidation reaction is performed, in the heat exchange tube (232), on a methanol gas mixture into which air is mixed, and heat energy is released to heat a working medium. The methanol non-flame heating device consists of the methanol vaporizing and mixing device (100) and the methanol heating reactor (200). The control method comprises: controlling an outlet temperature of the methanol gas mixture by adjusting a methanol flow for preheating, and controlling an outlet temperature of the working medium by adjusting a methanol flow for heating. The methanol non-flame heating device can achieve a full catalytic reaction of methanol, thereby facilitating reducing emission of air pollutants and avoiding a safety hazard caused by open fire.

Description

Methanol vaporization mixer, methanol heating reactor, methanol flameless heating equipment and control method

Technical field

The invention relates to a methanol vaporization mixer and a methanol heating reactor, and also relates to a methanol flameless heating equipment using the methanol vaporization mixer and the methanol heating reactor and a control method thereof.

Background technique

Energy is the most important element in human economic activities. The world today is facing many problems such as energy shortage, increasingly serious environmental pollution and greenhouse effect. In order to protect the environment on which mankind depends and sustain economic development, the development of clean new energy has been It is imminent that many developed countries have stepped up research and development to use methanol as their future energy source, which is a clean renewable energy.

The pollution caused by traditional fossil fuels such as coal has always been an urgent problem. As a kind of clean energy, methanol also has the characteristics of storage and transportation. In the long run, its development may bring about major changes in the energy structure. Vigorous research and development of methanol heating technology and equipment is important for both the entire world and the my country's energy security and sustainable development of energy are of special importance. Not only can it replace traditional fuels, but it also has low pollution, low operating costs, and a wide range of applications.

In the prior art, the main method of methanol heating is the mixed combustion of fuel gas and air. However, this kind of open flame burning often has the problem of insufficient combustion and emission of _{air pollutants such as formaldehyde and nitrogen oxides (NO x} ). In some special occasions, the burning of open flames is also prohibited to eliminate potential safety hazards.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a methanol vaporization mixer, a methanol heating reactor and a methanol flameless heating equipment composed of the methanol vaporization mixer and the methanol heating reactor. The control method of the flame control equipment is to realize the full catalytic reaction of methanol, reduce the emission of air pollutants, and avoid the safety hazards caused by open flames.

The technical scheme of the present invention is that the methanol vaporization mixer and the methanol heating reactor of the present invention are both specific implementations of a methanol flameless heater under corresponding applications. The methanol flameless heater is provided with a shell, a tube sheet is arranged in the shell, and the outer edge of the tube sheet is sealed with the shell, and includes an inlet side tube sheet and an outlet side tube sheet. The tube sheet and the outlet side tube sheet separate the inner space of the shell into an inlet cavity, a heating cavity, and an outlet cavity in sequence along the axial direction of the shell. The heating cavity is located between the inlet cavity and the outlet cavity, and may generally be the shell The volume of the main body part of the internal space can generally be greater than the sum of the volume of the inlet cavity and the outlet cavity, and the inlet side tube sheet and the outlet side tube sheet should generally be perpendicular to the axial direction of the housing, and generally flat. Panel, the heating chamber is provided with a row of tubes, the row of tubes is composed of a number of heat exchange tubes, the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchange tubes are respectively fixedly connected to the inlet side tube plate and the outlet side tube plate, The tube hole of the heat exchange tube communicates with the corresponding plate hole of the inlet side tube plate and the corresponding plate hole of the outlet side tube plate as a whole, and the outer wall of the tube end is connected with the inlet side tube plate and the outlet side respectively. The tube plate is sealed, the inlet cavity is provided with a reaction gas inlet, the outlet cavity is provided with a reaction gas outlet, the heating chamber is provided with a heated medium inlet and a heated medium outlet, and the heat exchange tube is filled with methanol catalysis Oxidation catalyst. The reaction gas fed into the reaction gas inlet is methanol mixed gas. The methanol mixed gas refers to a mixed gas containing methanol and oxygen. The catalytic oxidation reaction of methanol can occur under the action of a catalyst. The reaction gas passes through the heating tube After the catalytic oxidation reaction, the reaction heat is released to heat the heated medium outside the heating tube, and the reaction gas after the catalytic oxidation reaction in the heating tube contains the product of methanol catalytic oxidation, enters the outlet cavity, and is discharged from the reaction gas outlet.

The methanol mixed gas is a mixed gas containing a certain amount of methanol and oxygen suitable for the catalytic oxidation of methanol. It can usually be formed by mixing methanol and a certain proportion of air. The ratio of methanol to air can be determined according to specific use purposes or requirements.

The main body of the shell is generally cylindrical, and the two ends of the cylinder are sealedly connected with respective heads. The shape of the heads may be spherical or not, or other shell shapes similar to reaction equipment may be used.

The inlet side tube plate and the outlet side tube plate may generally be flat plates and perpendicular to the axial direction of the housing, and fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the housing.

The flameless methanol heater can be a vertical shell, or a horizontal shell, or a shell arranged in other forms, and a vertical shell is generally preferred.

The main difference between the vertical shell and the horizontal shell is that the installation direction is different. The vertical shell is rotated by 90 blocks, and the vertical arrangement is changed to the horizontal arrangement, which can be used as a horizontal shell.

According to needs, the shell can also be tilted to a certain degree so that its axis has a certain angle with the vertical and horizontal directions.

The setting direction (axis direction) of the housing does not hinder the operation of this product, and can be set arbitrarily according to actual needs.

The above technical content related to the methanol flameless heater is applicable to the methanol vaporization mixer and the methanol heating reactor of the present invention.

The following is a further introduction to the methanol vaporization mixer and the methanol heating reactor and the methanol flameless heating equipment composed of the methanol vaporization mixer and the methanol heating reactor.

The methanol vaporization mixer is provided with a vertical shell, the shell is provided with a column tube and a tube sheet, the tube sheet includes an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet, and the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet are both horizontally arranged , Respectively fixedly installed on the upper and lower parts of the shell, the outer edges of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are sealed with the shell, and the space in the shell is divided into mixing and equalizing chambers distributed from top to bottom. , Air preheating chamber and vaporization mixing chamber, the tube is composed of a number of heat exchange tubes, the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected to the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, respectively, the heat exchange tube The outer wall is sealed with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, the tube holes are connected to the corresponding plate holes of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate as a whole, the air preheating chamber is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the The heat exchange tube is filled with a catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of methanol, the air outlet of the air preheating chamber is connected to the preheating mixed gas inlet of the mixing and equalizing chamber through an intermediate air pipe, and the intermediate air pipe is provided with a preheating methanol inlet Alternatively, the mixing equalizing chamber is provided with a preheating methanol inlet, and the vaporization mixing chamber is provided with a heating methanol inlet and a methanol mixed gas outlet.

Preferably, the air outlet of the air preheating chamber is arranged at the upper part of the air preheating chamber, and the air inlet is arranged at the lower part of the air preheating chamber.

Preferably, the upper part of the vaporization mixing chamber is provided with a methanol spray pipe, the methanol spray pipe is provided with nozzles or spray holes, and the inner end of the heating methanol inlet is connected to the methanol spray pipe.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube is a round tube (tube with a round cross section) of equal diameter or reduced diameter.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube is a variable-diameter circular tube whose vertical section of the tube wall is wave-shaped, that is, the tube wall is in the shape of a rotating curved surface with a wave-shaped curve as the generatrix, and its inner diameter changes periodically along the axial direction. The changes in the upper and lower directions are the same.

Preferably, the diameters of the heat exchange tubes at the same height are the same, so the distance between adjacent heat exchange tubes at different heights varies.

Preferably, the preheated mixed gas inlet of the mixing equalizing chamber is located at the top of the mixing chamber.

Preferably, the area near the mixing equalization chamber of the intermediate gas pipe is provided with a necking structure, and the preheated methanol inlet is arranged on the side wall of the necking structure of the intermediate gas pipe where the pipe diameter is the smallest.

Preferably, an air circulation pipe is provided between the methanol mixture outlet and the air inlet, a heating device is connected in series to the air circulation pipe, and the methanol mixture outlet is connected to the heating device through a corresponding air circulation pipe The outlet of the heating device is connected to the air inlet of the air preheating chamber through a corresponding air circulation pipe.

The heating device may be an electric heater to simplify supporting facilities.

The air circulation pipe can usually be provided with a circulation pump.

According to the prior art, the three-way connection can be used to realize the connection between the heating device and the relevant pipeline.

The methanol flameless heating reactor is provided with a vertical shell, in which there are arranged tubes and tube plates, and the tube plates include an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate, the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate All are arranged horizontally, and are respectively fixedly installed on the upper and lower parts of the casing. The outer edges of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are sealed with the casing, and the space in the casing is divided into pressure equalization distributed from bottom to top. The air inlet chamber, the working fluid heating chamber and the pressure equalizing exhaust chamber, the tube is composed of a plurality of heat exchange tubes, and the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected to the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, respectively, The outer wall of the heat exchange tube is sealed with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate respectively, the tube holes are connected to the corresponding plate holes of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate as a whole, and the working medium heating chamber is provided with working medium In the inlet and the working fluid outlet, the heat exchange tube is filled with a catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of methanol, the pressure equalizing inlet chamber is provided with a methanol mixed gas inlet, and the pressure equalizing exhaust chamber is provided with a tail gas outlet.

The working fluid inlet of the working fluid heating chamber can usually be arranged at the upper part of the working fluid heating chamber, and the working fluid outlet can usually be arranged at the lower part of the working fluid heating chamber.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube is a round tube of equal diameter or reduced diameter.

Preferably, the heat exchange tube is a variable-diameter circular tube whose vertical section of the tube wall is wave-shaped, that is, the tube wall is in the shape of a rotating curved surface with a wave-shaped curve as the generatrix, and its inner diameter changes periodically along the axial direction. The law of change in the upper and lower directions is the same, and the tube diameters of the heat exchange tubes at the same height are the same, so the distance between adjacent heat exchange tubes at different heights varies.

Preferably, a methanol mixed gas distribution device is provided at the lower part of the pressure equalizing air inlet chamber, and the methanol mixed gas inlet is located below the methanol mixed gas distribution device.

Preferably, a plurality of baffles are provided in the working medium heating chamber, and the baffles are provided with heat exchange tube holes for passing through corresponding heat exchange tubes.

The baffle is preferably arranged horizontally.

The baffle plate arranged horizontally is preferably arcuate.

Preferably, the baffles are staggered in the vertical direction, that is, any adjacent baffle plates in the vertical direction, one is to the left so that its left side edge is combined with the inner wall of the housing, and the other is to the right to make its right side edge. Combine with the inner wall of the shell.

Methanol flameless heating equipment, including any methanol vaporization mixer disclosed in the present invention and any methanol heating reactor disclosed in the present invention, wherein the methanol mixed gas outlet of the methanol vaporization mixer is connected to the methanol heating The methanol mixed gas inlet of the reactor.

The air inlet of the methanol vaporization mixer can be connected to an air purification processing device or connected to the atmosphere.

The preheated methanol inlet and the heating methanol inlet can be connected to a methanol storage device to obtain methanol supply.

The working fluid inlet and the working fluid outlet of the methanol heating reactor can be respectively connected to the heated working fluid delivery pipe and the to-be-heated working fluid delivery pipe.

The method for controlling methanol flameless heating equipment is used in any of the methanol flameless heating equipment of the present invention to control or adjust the mass flow rate and/ Or methanol concentration, and then control the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction intensity and exothermic power in the methanol heating reactor, and control or adjust the heating use introduced into the methanol vaporization mixer according to the required mass flow rate of the methanol mixture and methanol concentration The mass flow rate of methanol and the mass flow rate of air are controlled or adjusted according to the inlet temperature requirements of the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction to control or adjust the mass flow rate of the preheating methanol introduced into the methanol vaporization mixer to control the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction intensity in the methanol vaporization mixer. And heat release power.

Preferably, the heating methanol introduced into the methanol heating reactor achieves a complete process reaction in the heat exchange tube of the methanol heating reactor, and the preheating methanol introduced into the methanol vaporization mixer is in the methanol The heat exchange tube of the vaporization mixer achieves a complete process reaction. The oxygen introduced into the methanol heating reactor and the oxygen introduced into the methanol vaporization mixer are both excessive. After the methanol is completely reacted, there is still a problem. Reactive oxygen.

The so-called complete reaction in the process means that the concentration of unreacted methanol under certain process conditions is within the allowable range, or the maximum degree of reaction that can be reasonably achieved in the process.

The methanol vaporization reactor can be started in any of the following ways:

During the start-up process, the heating device is used to heat the air to the required temperature. Without adding preheating methanol and heating methanol, the heated air is continuously fed into the air preheating chamber through the air inlet, and the heating is turned on. Discharge the air from the methanol mixture outlet until the air temperature in the air preheating room reaches the required temperature, open the preheating methanol inlet to pass in the preheating methanol, turn off the heating device, and heat the air without the heating device Directly into the air inlet, after the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction in the heat exchange tube is stable, open the heating methanol inlet to pass in the heating methanol, and obtain the methanol mixture at a suitable temperature from the methanol mixture outlet, and then enter the normal operation state;

or,

During the start-up process, without adding preheating methanol and heating methanol, the air inlet and methanol mixture outlet are opened, and air is circulated through the methanol mixture outlet and air inlet, and the circulating air is heated by the heating device. The air discharged from the methanol mixture outlet is used as the air inlet of the heating device. After being heated by the heating device, it is fed into the air inlet again until the air temperature in the air preheating room reaches the required temperature, then the preheating methanol inlet is opened to enter the preheating Use methanol, turn off the heating device, and send the air directly into the air inlet without heating by the heating device. After the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction in the heat exchange tube stabilizes, open the heating methanol inlet to pass in the heating methanol. Obtain the methanol mixture at a suitable temperature from the methanol mixture outlet, thus entering the normal working state.

The working process of the methanol vaporization mixer is mainly as follows: the methanol mixed gas for preheating containing methanol and oxygen is introduced into the heat exchange tube through the mixing equalization chamber to carry out the catalytic oxidation reaction of methanol, and the air is introduced into the air preheating chamber through the air inlet to absorb The heat energy released by the catalytic oxidation reaction of methanol introduces the liquid methanol for preheating into the intermediate air pipe or the mixing equalizing chamber through the preheating methanol inlet. The heated air drawn from the heating chamber is mixed to form the preheating methanol mixed gas, the liquid heating methanol is introduced into the vaporization mixing chamber through the heating methanol inlet, and the catalytic oxidation is sent into the vaporization mixing chamber by the heat exchange tube. After the gas is mixed, a methanol mixture containing methanol and oxygen is formed and sent through the methanol mixture outlet. By controlling the flow of air introduced into the air preheating chamber through the air inlet and/or controlling the flow of air introduced into the equalizing mixing chamber through the heating methanol inlet The methanol flow rate for heating is used to control the methanol concentration and/or oxygen concentration in the methanol mixture to meet the methanol concentration and/or oxygen concentration requirements of the methanol mixture. The preheated methanol inlet is controlled to be introduced into the intermediate gas pipe or introduced The preheating of the mixing and equalizing chamber uses methanol flow to control the exothermic intensity (exothermic power) of the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction in the heat exchange tube to meet the temperature requirements of the methanol mixture.

The main working process of the methanol heating reactor is: the methanol mixture with a certain temperature prepared by the methanol vaporization reactor is sent from the methanol mixture inlet to the methanol heating reactor, and it is generated under the action of the catalyst when it flows through the heat exchange tube. The catalytic oxidation reaction of methanol introduces the working fluid from the working fluid inlet of the working fluid heating chamber into the outer space (shell side) of the working fluid heating chamber for heating, and the heated working fluid is led out from the working fluid outlet of the working fluid heating chamber. The gas after the catalytic oxidation reaction is tail gas, which is discharged through the tail gas outlet of the equalizing exhaust chamber. When other process conditions are constant, the amount of heating of the working fluid or the temperature of the output working fluid can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the methanol mixture and/or the methanol concentration in the methanol mixture.

Since the present invention adopts catalytic oxidation reaction, the reaction temperature is 100-600°C, the utilization rate of methanol is greater than 99%, the methanol air is catalytically oxidized on the surface of the catalyst and converted into _{products such as CO 2} , H ₂ O, etc. There is basically no secondary pollution. Produce flame burning NO _X.

The invention can be used to heat fluid working fluids such as water, oil and air, and can be used to prepare steam. It has low starting temperature, normal pressure operation, stable reaction, no flame, no tail smoke, small volume, easy operation, low cost, and has Energy saving, environmental protection, high efficiency, low investment and operating costs, can be used to replace existing heating equipment such as electric heaters and gas heaters.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a methanol flameless heating equipment;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a methanol vaporization mixer;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another methanol vaporization mixer;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a methanol heating reactor;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another methanol heating reactor;

Figure 6 is a partial structural diagram of a heat exchange tube. This heat exchange tube can be used in a methanol vaporization mixer or a methanol heating reactor;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic strip and the heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube hole in the methanol heating reactor. In order to show a clear period, a gap is added between the elastic strip and the heat exchange tube, but in reality, the two should be Press together.

Identified in the figure: 100, methanol vaporization mixer; 101, heating methanol inlet; 102, air inlet; 103, preheating methanol inlet; 104, air outlet; 105, preheating mixed gas inlet; 106, intermediate air pipe; 108 , Methanol mixed gas outlet; 110, the shell of the methanol vaporization mixer; 112, the upper head of the methanol vaporization mixer shell; 114, the lower head of the methanol vaporization mixer shell; 118, the shell of the methanol vaporization mixer Body bracket; 122, mixing equalization chamber; 124, air preheating chamber; 125, methanol spray pipe; 126, vaporization mixing chamber; 128, intake baffle of mixing equalization chamber; 131, methanol vaporization mixer exchange The catalyst of the heat pipe; 132, the heat exchange tube of the methanol vaporization mixer; 134, the upper tube plate of the methanol vaporization mixer; 135, the baffle plate; 136, the lower tube plate of the methanol vaporization mixer; 140, the heating device; 141, the inlet of the heating device; 142, the air circulation pipe at the outlet of the heating device; 143, the air circulation pipe on the inlet side of the heating device; 144, the circulating pump on the air circulation pipe; 200, the methanol heating reactor; 201, Quality inlet; 202, methanol mixed gas inlet; 208, working fluid outlet; 209, tail gas outlet; 210, the shell of the methanol heating reactor; 212, the upper head of the methanol heating reactor shell; 214, the methanol system The lower head of the thermal reactor shell; 218, the bracket of the methanol heating reactor shell; 222, the pressure equalization exhaust chamber; 224, the working fluid heating chamber; 225, the methanol mixture distribution device; 226, the equal pressure inlet Gas chamber; 228, the inlet baffle of the equalizing inlet chamber; 231, the catalyst of the heat exchange tube of the methanol vaporization mixer; 232, the heat exchange tube of the methanol vaporization mixer; 234, the upper tube plate of the methanol vaporization mixer 235, elastic strip; 236, the lower tube plate of the methanol vaporization mixer; 237, the heat exchange tube hole; 238, the baffle of the working fluid heating chamber; 239, the baffle support rod.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figure 1, the methanol flameless heating equipment of the present invention includes a methanol catalytic combustion heating device for heating working fluid and equipment for preparing methanol mixture. The equipment for preparing methanol mixture is based on Any methanol vaporization mixer 100 disclosed in the present invention. The methanol catalytic combustion heating device for heating working fluid is any methanol heating reactor 200 disclosed in the present invention. The methanol vaporization mixer 100 contains methanol The mixed gas outlet 108 is connected to the methanol mixed gas inlet 202 of the methanol heating reactor 200 through a methanol mixed gas delivery pipe.

The air inlet 102 of the methanol vaporization mixer 100 is connected to an air purification processing device (for example, an air filter device) for introducing purified air, the preheating methanol inlet 103 and the heating methanol inlet 101 are connected to a methanol source (for example, a methanol storage device). Tank) for introducing liquid methanol. The working fluid outlet 208 and the working fluid inlet 201 of the methanol heating reactor 200 are respectively connected to the heated working fluid delivery pipe and the to-be-heated working fluid delivery pipe.

According to actual needs, online detectors for valves and related process parameters (for example, pressure, temperature and flow, etc.) can be set on the corresponding connecting pipes.

2 and 3, the methanol vaporization mixer 100 of the present invention adopts a vertical tube heat exchanger structure, and is provided with a vertical shell 110. The shell 110 is provided with tubes and tube plates. The tube sheet includes an upper tube sheet 134 and a lower tube sheet 136. The upper tube sheet 134 and the lower tube sheet 136 are both arranged horizontally, and are fixedly installed on the upper and lower parts of the housing 110, respectively, and the outer edge of the upper tube plate 134 and the lower tube plate 136 are arranged horizontally. The body 110 is sealed to divide the space in the shell 110 into a mixing equalizing chamber 122, an air preheating chamber 124, and a vaporization mixing chamber 126 distributed from top to bottom. The tube is composed of a number of heat exchange tubes 132. The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes 132 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper tube plate 134 and the lower tube plate 136, the outer walls of which are sealed with the upper tube plate 134 and the lower tube plate 136 respectively, and the tube holes are respectively connected to the upper tube plate 134 and the lower tube plate 136. The corresponding plate holes of the tube plate 134 and the lower tube plate 136 are connected as a whole, the air preheating chamber 124 is provided with an air inlet 102 and an air outlet 104, and the air inlet 102 of the air preheating chamber 124 is used to connect an external air source (For example, an air supply pipe for purifying air), the heat exchange pipe 132 is filled with a catalyst 131 for catalytic oxidation of methanol. Any suitable catalyst can be selected according to the prior art. The air outlet 104 of the air preheating chamber 124 passes through the middle The air pipe 106 is connected to the preheated mixed gas inlet 105 of the mixing and equalizing chamber 122. The intermediate air pipe 106 can usually be located outside the housing 110 to facilitate installation and avoid occupying the space inside the housing 110. The intermediate gas pipe 106 or the mixing and equalizing chamber 122 is provided with a preheating methanol inlet 103, which is used to connect a methanol supply pipe to introduce methanol for air preheating. The vaporization mixing chamber 126 is provided with a heating methanol inlet 101 and Methanol mixed gas outlet 108. The heating methanol inlet 101 is used to connect a methanol liquid supply pipe to introduce methanol for heating, and the methanol mixed gas outlet 108 is used to connect a methanol mixed gas delivery pipe to output methanol with a certain temperature. (Air) mixed gas.

The heat exchange tubes 132 can generally be distributed in all the heat exchange areas in the air preheating chamber 124 at equal intervals.

The distribution of the heat exchange tubes 132 preferably adopts a square arrangement or a regular triangular arrangement to better adapt to the lateral air intake and lateral air outlet structures, and optimize the contact between the air and the heat exchange tubes 132.

Generally, the heat exchange tube 132 may be a round tube (tube with a round cross section) of equal diameter or reduced diameter, so as to facilitate the uniform distribution of the air flow in the tube on the cross section.

For example, the heat exchange tubes 132 are arranged in a square shape, and the heat exchange tubes 132 are preferably reduced-diameter round tubes with a wave-shaped vertical section of the tube wall (see FIG. 6), the inner diameter of which changes periodically in the axial direction and up and down. The law of change in both directions is the same. In this case, the tube diameters of the heat exchange tubes 132 at the same height are preferably equal, so the distance between adjacent heat exchange tubes 132 at different heights varies. The above-mentioned structure and distribution of the heat exchange tube 132 not only help increase the surface area of the heat exchange tube 132 and improve the heat exchange capacity, but also when the air flow rate changes greatly, the air preheating chamber 124 has a greater resistance to the air flow. Small, conducive to the stability of the system, can effectively increase the adaptive air flow (load) range, and improve the ability to resist the impact of air flow changes. In addition, when the air flow rate changes, the intensity of the catalytic oxidation reaction can be adjusted by adjusting the preheated methanol flow rate to adapt the heat release to the heat exchange requirements under the corresponding air flow rate. The design of the heat exchange tube 132 (including the catalyst 131) should be adapted to the corresponding adjustment to meet the maximum reaction intensity requirement.

A bracket, orifice plate and/or wire mesh for supporting the catalyst 131 may be provided in the heat exchange tube 132.

The catalyst 131 may be in the form of blocks or granules.

The air inlet 102 and the air outlet 104 of the air preheating chamber 124 can generally be arranged on opposite sides of the air preheating chamber 124, and one (preferably the air outlet 104) is arranged on the upper part of the air preheating chamber 124, and one (preferably The air inlet 102) is arranged at the lower part of the air preheating chamber 124 to achieve a balanced distribution of air flow and ensure the heating effect.

The air inlet 102 and the air outlet 104 of the air preheating chamber 124 can be separately arranged on opposite sides of the upper part of the air preheating chamber 124, and a vertical baffle 135 is arranged in the air preheating chamber 124. The inlet 102 and the air outlet 104 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the baffle plate 135. The upper end of the baffle plate 135 is connected to the upper tube plate 134, and the distance between the lower end and the lower tube plate 136 is left to form an air flow channel. Under the action of the flow partition 135, the air flow in the air preheating chamber 124 is generally U-shaped, which extends the air flow path of the air preheating chamber 124, which is beneficial to improve the heat exchange capacity.

The area near the mixing equalization chamber of the intermediate gas pipe 106 is preferably provided with a constriction structure (or throat pipe), and the preheated methanol inlet 103 is arranged at the smallest diameter of the constriction structure of the intermediate gas pipe 106 On the side wall of the tube, the air flow rate at the constriction is accelerated, which creates a negative pressure suction effect on methanol, and is efficiently mixed during the suction process and the subsequent pipe diameter expansion process, so that the gas entering the mixing equalization chamber 122 is in a good condition. Mixed state.

The preheated mixed gas inlet 105 of the mixing equalizing chamber 122 is preferably located at the top thereof. In this case, the mixing and equalizing chamber 122 is preferably provided with an intake baffle 128 located below its intake inner port (the inner end opening of the preheated mixed gas inlet 105), and the intake baffle 128 is in the form of Disc shape or oblate cone shape (cone shape with a cone height much lower than the radius of the bottom surface), the plate surface (large surface) or the apex of the oblate cone faces the preheated mixed gas inlet 105 of the mixing equalizing chamber 122 The diameter of the circular plate or the bottom diameter of the oblate cone is preferably 1.5-2.5 times the inner diameter of the inlet port of the mixing equalizing chamber 122, and the distance between the inner diameter of the inlet port of the mixing equalizing chamber 122 and the mixing equalizing chamber 122 is preferably a circle. 2 times the diameter of the plate or the bottom diameter of the flat cone. The setting of the air inlet baffle 128 can prevent the airflow entering the mixing equalization chamber 122 from flowing directly to the heat exchange tube 132 located in the central area, which is beneficial to improve the pressure equalization effect of the mixing equalization chamber 122, and is beneficial to the heat exchange tubes 132. The flow rate is the same.

The heating methanol inlet 101 is preferably arranged on the upper side wall of the vaporization mixing chamber 126.

The methanol mixed gas outlet 108 is preferably arranged at the center of the bottom of the vaporization mixing chamber 126.

According to the existing technology, control valves can be installed on the pipe interfaces or pipes such as the air inlet 102, the air outlet 104, the intermediate gas pipe 106, the preheating methanol inlet 103, the heating methanol inlet 101 and the methanol mixture outlet 108 according to the control needs. Used for corresponding flow or on-off control to meet process requirements.

Each of the control valves can be electronically controlled electric valves or other valves suitable for automatic control for automatic control, or manual valves can be connected in series to perform corresponding manual control when the automatic control fails, for example, cut off the corresponding pipeline .

According to the existing technology, online flow can be set on the pipe interfaces or connecting pipes such as the air inlet 102, the air outlet 104, the intermediate air pipe 106, the preheating methanol inlet 103, the heating methanol inlet 101 and the methanol mixture outlet 108 according to the control needs. Detector, pressure detector and/or temperature detector, etc., are used to detect relevant parameters of corresponding parts to meet process control requirements.

It is also possible to install online pressure detectors and/or temperature detectors in the mixing and equalizing chamber 122, air preheating chamber 124 and vaporization mixing chamber 126 for the relevant detection parts to be used for the detection of relevant parameters of the corresponding parts. To meet process control requirements.

The setting of specific detection positions and detection parameters is based on control needs, and any appropriate existing technology can be adopted.

Various pipe interfaces and connecting pipes (for example, air inlet 102, air outlet 104, intermediate air pipe 106, preheating methanol inlet 103, heating methanol inlet 101 and methanol mixture outlet 108) can be short pipes or other arbitrary forms. In a suitable form, it can be welded to the housing 110 of the corresponding device or installed on the corresponding housing 110 in other ways.

The connection between any tubular structures can adopt flange connection or other suitable connection methods.

The upper part of the vaporization mixing chamber 126 is preferably provided with a methanol spray pipe 125, the methanol spray pipe 125 is provided with nozzles or spray holes, and the heating methanol inlet 101 is connected (pipe connected) to the methanol spray The pipe 125 is used to make the methanol entering from the heating methanol inlet 101 uniformly distributed in the vaporization mixing chamber 126 through the methanol spray pipe 125.

The methanol spray pipe 125 can generally be in a horizontal ring shape, and is coaxially installed in the vaporization mixing chamber 126 through a related bracket. The nozzles or spray holes can be evenly distributed on the tube wall of the methanol spray pipe 125 Up, with the opening facing down. The bracket for supporting or installing the methanol spray pipe 125 may take any suitable form.

The number of the methanol spray pipe 125 may be one or more. When there are more than one, the sizes of the methanol spray pipes 125 are not equal, and they are coaxially (internally and externally) distributed on the same plane. The specific number can be set according to the cross-sectional size of the corresponding part of the vaporization mixing chamber 126 and specific process parameters to achieve a more uniform methanol distribution.

Generally, the main body of the housing 110 is cylindrical, and the upper end and the lower end are respectively provided with an upper head 112 and a lower head 114.

The upper tube plate 134 is preferably located at the connection part between the main body of the housing 110 and the upper head 112. The main body of the shell 110 and the end face of the upper sealing head 112 are provided with a matching tongue and groove structure (annular step structure), and the outer edge of the upper tube plate 134 is clamped on the shell Between the main body of 110 and the tongue-and-groove structure of the upper head 112 butted with each other.

The lower tube plate 136 is preferably located at the connecting portion of the main body of the housing 110 and the lower head 114, and the mating end faces of the main body of the housing 110 and the lower head 114 are provided with mutually cooperating In a tongue-and-groove structure (annular terrace structure), the outer edge of the lower tube plate 136 is clamped between the main body of the housing 110 and the tongue-and-groove structure of the lower head 114 butted with each other.

Sealing gaskets may be provided at the connection between the main body of the casing 110 and the lower head 114 and the connection between the casing 110 and the upper head 112 as required.

The size of the upper head 112 and the lower head 114 can be set according to actual needs, so that the mixing and equalizing chamber 122 and the vaporization and mixing chamber 126 have appropriate sizes to achieve good vaporization, mixing and pressure equalization effects, and good uniformity. It helps to ensure the consistency of the flow of each heat exchange tube 132.

According to the prior art, a housing bracket 118 or a base or the like may be provided under the housing 110 for installation and support of the housing 110.

An independent heating device 140 can be set to heat the air during the equipment startup (start-up) (see Figure 3) to meet the temperature requirements for stable operation of the system. After being mixed with the preheating methanol, the preheating methanol is formed. When the mixed gas enters the heat exchange tube 132, it has a temperature required for the catalytic oxidation in the heat exchange tube 132.

The heating device 140 may generally be an electric heater.

The inlet 141 of the heating device 140 can be connected to the methanol mixed gas outlet 108 through a tee, and the outlet is connected to the air inlet 102 of the air preheating chamber 124 through a tee, that is, the heating device 140 is connected in series to the air circulation pipe. A section 143 of the air circulation pipe is used to connect the inlet 141 of the heating device 140 and the methanol mixture outlet 108, and the circulating air from the methanol mixture outlet 108 is connected to the heating device 140, and the other section 142 of the air circulation pipe is used for the heating device The outlet of 140 is connected with the air inlet 102 of the air preheating chamber 124 to re-send the circulating air heated by the heating device 140 into the air preheating chamber 124. Through this kind of cyclic heating, firstly, the temperature in the equipment can be gradually raised to a temperature state required for stable operation, avoiding thermal shock, and secondly, a smaller-function heating device 140 is allowed to simplify the equipment and reduce the matching requirements. The circulating pump 144 and valves can be set according to the prior art to realize the control of the air circulation and the switching between the starting working mode and the stable working mode.

The heating device 140 can also be used to directly heat the air to the required temperature. In this case, the air circulation may not be performed. However, in order to ensure the required stable state in the equipment, it is usually necessary to go through a start-up process and continue to communicate. Inlet and exhaust the heated air.

The heating methanol inlet 101 and the preheating methanol inlet 103 of the methanol vaporization mixer 100 can be connected to a methanol source (for example, a methanol storage tank) through a corresponding methanol input pipe, and the air inlet 102 of the air preheating chamber 124 An air source (for example, an air purification device) is connected through an air input pipe, and the methanol mixture outlet 108 is connected to a methanol catalytic oxidation (or catalytic combustion) heating device (for example, the methanol heating reaction of the present invention) through a methanol mixture delivery pipe. The methanol mixture inlet 202 of the reactor) forms a flameless methanol heating system.

The methanol vaporization mixer 100 can be matched with any suitable heating equipment that uses methanol catalytic oxidation to produce heat, and is used to provide methanol mixture gas at a suitable temperature to the methanol catalytic oxidation heating equipment, wherein the methanol mixture is The methanol content (concentration) and the ratio with the oxygen content can be based on the process requirements of the relevant heating equipment. Usually, the amount of oxygen is excessive to ensure that all the methanol has been reacted.

The working medium (working medium) of the heating equipment can be any suitable form such as air, water or heat transfer oil.

Generally, process control and equipment design can be used to make the preheating methanol substantially completely react in the heat exchange tube 132 of the air preheating chamber 124. When necessary, the influence of unreacted methanol during air preheating on the flow of methanol for preheating and the flow of methanol for heating should be considered.

The air inlet 102 of the methanol vaporization mixer 100 can be connected to an air purification processing device (for example, an air filter device) for introducing purified air, or it can be directly connected to the external atmosphere, the preheating methanol inlet 103 and the heating methanol inlet 101 Connect a methanol source (for example, a methanol storage tank) for the introduction of liquid methanol.

4 and 5, the methanol heating reactor 200 of the present invention can adopt a vertical tube heat exchanger structure, and is provided with a vertical shell 210, and the shell 210 is provided with tubes and tube plates. The tube sheet includes an upper tube sheet 234 and a lower tube sheet 236. The upper tube sheet 234 and the lower tube sheet 236 are both horizontally arranged and fixedly mounted on the upper and lower portions of the housing 210, respectively, with the outer edge of the The housing 210 is sealed, and the space in the housing 210 is divided into a pressure equalizing inlet chamber 226, a working fluid heating chamber 224, and a pressure equalizing exhaust chamber 222 distributed from bottom to top. The tube is composed of a plurality of heat exchange tubes 232 The upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tube 232 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper tube plate 234 and the lower tube plate 236, and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 232 is sealed with the upper tube plate 234 and the lower tube plate 236, respectively. Connected with the corresponding plate holes of the upper tube plate 234 and the lower tube plate 236 as a whole, the working medium heating chamber 224 is provided with a working medium inlet 201 and a working medium outlet 208, and the working medium inlet 201 is used for connecting working medium An input pipe (for example, a return pipe), the working fluid outlet 208 is used to connect a working fluid output pipe (for example, a steam pipe), the heat exchange pipe 232 is filled with a catalyst 231 for methanol catalytic oxidation, and the pressure equalization The intake chamber 226 is provided with a methanol mixture inlet 202 for introducing a methanol (air) mixture with a certain temperature, and the pressure equalizing exhaust chamber 222 is provided with a tail gas (or exhaust gas) outlet 209.

The heat exchange tubes 232 can generally be distributed in all heat exchange areas in the working fluid heating chamber 224 at equal intervals.

The distribution mode of the heat exchange tubes 232 preferably adopts a square arrangement or a regular triangular arrangement to better adapt to the structure of the working fluid in and out sideways, and optimize the contact between the working fluid and the heat exchange tubes 232.

Generally, the heat exchange tube 232 may be a round tube with equal diameter or a reduced diameter (a tube with a round cross section) to facilitate the uniform distribution of the air flow on the cross section.

For example, the heat exchange tubes 232 are arranged in a square shape, and the heat exchange tubes 232 are preferably reduced-diameter round tubes with a wave-shaped vertical section of the tube wall (see FIG. 6). The law of change in both directions is the same. In this case, the tube diameters of the heat exchange tubes 232 at the same height are preferably equal, so the distance between adjacent heat exchange tubes 232 at different heights varies. The above-mentioned structure and distribution of the heat exchange tube 232 is not only conducive to increasing the surface area of the heat exchange tube and improving the heat exchange capacity, but also in the case of a large change in the flow of the working fluid, the resistance of the working fluid heating chamber 224 to the air flow changes more. Small, conducive to the stability of the system, can effectively increase the applicable working fluid flow (load) range, and improve the ability to resist the impact of changes in the working fluid flow. In addition, when the flow of the working fluid changes, the intensity of the catalytic oxidation reaction can be adjusted by adjusting the flow of the methanol mixture, so that the amount of heat released can be adapted to the heat exchange requirements under the corresponding working fluid flow. The design of the heat exchange tube 232 (including the catalyst 231) should be adapted to corresponding adjustments to meet the maximum reaction intensity requirement.

A bracket, a perforated plate, and/or a wire mesh for supporting the catalyst 231 may be provided in the heat exchange tube 232.

The catalyst 231 may be in the form of blocks or granules. .

The working medium inlet 201 and the working medium outlet 208 of the working medium heating chamber 224 may be arranged on opposite sides of the working medium heating chamber 224, or may be arranged on the same side according to site or pipeline layout requirements. Preferably one (preferably working medium inlet 201) is arranged at the upper part of the working medium heating chamber 224, and one (preferably working medium outlet 208) is arranged at the lower part of the working medium heating chamber 224 to achieve a balanced distribution of air flow and ensure the heating effect and heating After the working fluid temperature.

The working medium heating chamber 224 is preferably provided with a number of baffles, and the baffles can generally be arranged horizontally (see FIGS. 4 and 5) or vertically.

A vertical baffle can be arranged between the working fluid inlet 201 and the working fluid outlet 208 of the working fluid heating chamber 224, and the working fluid inlet 201 and the working fluid outlet 208 can be arranged at the same height on both sides of the vertical baffle.

For example, the working fluid inlet 201 and the working fluid outlet 208 are separately provided on opposite sides of the lower part of the working fluid heating chamber 224, and the working fluid heating chamber 224 is provided with a vertical baffle between the working fluid inlet 201 and the working fluid outlet 208 Plate, the lower end of the vertical baffle is connected with the lower tube plate 236, and the distance between the upper end and the upper tube plate 234 that constitutes the air flow channel is left, so that the working fluid flow is generally in an inverted U shape, extending the working fluid heating chamber 224 The working fluid flow path is beneficial to improve the heat exchange capacity.

The vertical baffle 238 is in the shape of an arc, and the bow of the baffle 238 is preferably a superior arc (larger than a semicircle, usually close to a semicircle, for example, to block 55-60% of the area of the corresponding cross section), folded up and down The baffle plates 238 are staggered, that is, one of the upper and lower baffle plates 238 is located on the left side and the other is located on the right side, forming a baffle effect. The vertical distance between adjacent baffle plates 238 can usually be no less than the radius of the housing 210 And not larger than the diameter of the shell 210, the baffle 238 is provided with a heat exchange tube hole 237 for passing through the corresponding heat exchange tube 232, thereby realizing the fixing or limiting of the middle of the heat exchange tube 232.

A baffle support rod 239 or other forms of baffle brackets may be provided in the working medium heating chamber 224 for the installation and support of the baffle 238.

The inner diameter of the heat exchange tube hole 237 is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube 232, and the heat exchange tube hole 237 is provided with a plurality of elastic strips 235 for being clamped around the corresponding heat exchange tube 232. The elastic strips 235 Usually distributed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the number is preferably three.

Preferably, the elastic strip 235 is an arc-shaped elastic strip with a middle inward, and the middle part is provided with a concave portion similar to the surface of the heat exchange tube 232, and one end of the elastic strip 235 is fixed (for example, welded or plugged). ) On the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 232 hole, the other end abuts against the inner wall of the heat exchange tube hole 237, and is not fixed with the inner wall of the heat exchange tube hole 237.

The elastic strip 235 is preferably in the shape of a vertical sheet or rod. The main part of the inner surface of the elastic strip 235 in the shape of a vertical sheet is parallel to the axis of the heat exchange tube 232, and the upper and lower edges may be rounded; the cross section of the elastic strip 235 in the shape of a rod may be circular.

The methanol mixed gas inlet 202 is preferably arranged at the bottom of the pressure equalizing inlet chamber 226.

The exhaust gas outlet 209 is preferably arranged at the top of the pressure equalizing exhaust chamber 222.

The pressure equalizing air inlet chamber 226 is preferably provided with an air inlet baffle 228 located above its inlet inner port (the inner end opening of the methanol mixture inlet 202), and the air inlet baffle 228 is in the shape of a circular plate or a flat cone. Shape (the cone height is much lower than the bottom radius), the surface (large surface) of the circular plate or the apex of the oblate cone is facing the methanol mixture inlet 202 of the pressure equalizing inlet chamber 226, and the diameter of the circular plate is or flat The bottom diameter of the cone is preferably 1.5-2.5 times the inner diameter of the air inlet port of the equalizing air inlet chamber 226, and the distance between the inner diameter of the air inlet port of the equalizing air inlet chamber 226 and the air inlet port of the equalizing air inlet chamber 226 is preferably a circular plate diameter or flat. 2 times the diameter of the bottom surface of the cone. The setting of the air inlet baffle 228 can prevent the airflow entering the equalizing air inlet chamber 226 from directly flowing to the heat exchange tube 232 located in the central area, which is beneficial to improve the pressure equalizing effect of the equalized air inlet chamber 226, and is beneficial to each heat exchange. The flow of pipe 232 is the same.

The air intake baffle 228 may be installed in the pressure equalizing air intake chamber 226 through a corresponding bracket.

According to the existing technology, control valves can be set on the pipeline interfaces such as the working fluid inlet 201, the working fluid outlet 208, the methanol mixture inlet 202 and the tail gas outlet 209 or the corresponding connecting pipes according to the control needs for corresponding flow or on-off. Control to meet process requirements.

According to the existing technology, on-line flow detectors, pressure detectors and/or temperature detectors can be installed on the pipeline interfaces or connecting pipelines such as the working fluid inlet 201, the working fluid outlet 208, the methanol mixture inlet 202 and the exhaust gas outlet 209 according to the control needs. Instrument, etc., used to detect the relevant parameters of the corresponding parts to meet the process control requirements.

It is also possible to install online pressure detectors and/or temperature detectors in the pressure equalizing inlet chamber 226, the working fluid heating chamber 224, and the pressure equalizing exhaust chamber 222 for the relevant detection parts to perform correlation of the corresponding parts. Parameter detection to meet process control requirements.

Various pipe connections (for example, the working fluid inlet 201, the working fluid outlet 208, the methanol mixture inlet 202 and the tail gas outlet 209) can be in the form of short pipes or any other suitable forms, and can be welded to the housing 210 of the corresponding device or It is installed on the corresponding housing 210 by other means.

The lower part of the pressure equalizing inlet chamber 226 may or may not be provided with a methanol mixture distribution device 225, and the methanol mixture inlet 202 is located below the methanol mixture distribution device so that the methanol mixture can pass through The methanol mixture distribution device can form a relatively uniform pressure distribution.

The methanol mixed gas distribution device 225 may adopt an orifice plate or a multi-layer wire mesh, and the orifice plate is densely covered with a number of through holes. The through holes can be arranged horizontally and installed in the pressure equalizing air inlet chamber 226 through a bracket.

The methanol mixed gas distribution device 225 should basically block the entire cross-sectional area of the corresponding part.

The number of the methanol mixed gas distribution device 225 may be one or more layers.

When the pressure equalizing air inlet chamber 226 is provided with an air inlet baffle 228, the methanol mixture distribution device 225 may be located above the air inlet baffle 228.

Generally, the main body of the housing 210 is cylindrical, and the upper end and the lower end are respectively provided with an upper head 212 and a lower head 214.

The upper tube plate 234 is preferably located at the connecting part of the main body of the housing 210 and the upper head 212, and the mating end faces of the main body of the housing 210 and the upper head 212 are provided with mutually cooperating In a tongue-and-groove structure (annular terrace structure), the outer edge of the upper tube plate 234 is clamped between the main body of the housing 210 and the tongue-and-groove structure of the upper head 212 butted with each other.

The lower tube plate 236 is preferably located at the connecting part of the main body of the housing 210 and the lower head 214, and the mating end faces of the main body of the housing 210 and the lower head 214 are provided with mutually cooperating With a tongue-and-groove structure (annular terrace structure), the outer edge of the lower tube plate 236 is clamped between the main body of the housing 210 and the tongue-and-groove structure of the lower head 214 butted against each other.

Sealing gaskets may be provided at the connection between the main body of the casing 210 and the lower head 214 and the connection between the casing 210 and the upper head 212 as required.

The size of the upper head 212 and the lower head 214 can be set according to actual needs, so that the pressure equalizing inlet chamber 226 and the equalizing exhaust chamber 222 have appropriate sizes to achieve a good pressure equalizing effect. Good uniformity helps To ensure the consistency of the flow of each heat exchange tube.

According to the prior art, a housing bracket 218 or a base may be provided under the housing 210 for installation and support of the housing 210.

The working fluid inlet 201 and the working fluid outlet 208 of the methanol heating reactor 200 can be connected to the corresponding working fluid circulation pipeline, or the working fluid delivery pipe after heating and the working fluid delivery pipe to be heated, and the methanol mixed gas inlet 202 is connected to the methanol mixture outlet 108 of the equipment for producing methanol mixture, and the tail gas outlet 209 is provided with an exhaust gas discharge pipe or connected with an exhaust gas treatment device to form a methanol flameless heating system for heating the corresponding working fluid.

The equipment for preparing methanol mixed gas can be any equipment that uses liquid methanol and air as feeds to prepare a mixture of methanol and air with a certain temperature, and the working medium can be air, water or heat transfer oil. Any suitable form.

When using methanol flameless heating equipment, the methanol heating reactor 200 can be controlled by adjusting or setting the air flow rate of the methanol vaporization mixer 100 (the air flow rate of the air inlet 102) and/or the methanol concentration in the methanol mixture. The exothermic power of methanol catalytic oxidation, and then control the working fluid temperature or working fluid condition (for example, temperature, pressure, substance form) output under certain working fluid conditions (media type, inlet temperature and inlet flow, etc.); in certain air Under the flow rate, the methanol concentration in the methanol mixture is controlled by adjusting or setting the input heating methanol flow rate (the methanol flow rate at the heating methanol inlet 101); by adjusting or setting the preheating methanol flow rate input by the methanol vaporization mixer 100 ( The methanol flow rate of the preheated methanol inlet 103) controls the heat release power of the methanol catalytic oxidation in the methanol vaporization mixer 100, thereby controlling the outlet temperature of the methanol mixture. The air flow rate of the methanol vaporization mixer 100 can be controlled according to the heat release power of the methanol catalytic oxidation of the methanol heating reactor 200 and the methanol catalytic oxidation heat release power of the methanol vaporization mixer 100 and the oxygen content in the tail gas.

Each of the flow rates (flow rates of various substances, for example, air flow rate, preheating methanol flow rate, heating methanol flow rate, working fluid flow rate, etc.) preferably adopts mass flow or molar flow to facilitate the correlation with the catalytic oxidation reaction and its heat release Calculation.

In the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction involved in the methanol vaporization mixer 100 and the methanol heating reactor 200, the oxygen is kept in excess and the methanol is the limit. Since methanol should generally achieve a sufficient process reaction, the reaction intensity and exothermic power of methanol catalytic oxidation can be calculated according to the actual situation, considering the methanol concentration in the exhaust gas or without considering the methanol concentration in the exhaust gas.

As a specific implementation of the methanol flameless heater under the corresponding application, in the description of the methanol vaporization mixer 100 and the methanol heating reactor 200 in this specification, the relevant parts or structures of the heater adopt the names under the corresponding application. . For example, the two tube plates are called

upper tube plates

134, 234 or

lower tube plates

136, 236 according to their positions in the vertical state. Plate, which is the outlet side tube plate); in the methanol vaporization mixer 100, the heating chamber is called the air preheating chamber 124, the inlet chamber is called the mixing equalization chamber 122, and the outlet cavity is called the vaporization mixing chamber 126, The reaction gas inlet of the inlet cavity is called the preheated methanol inlet 103, the reaction gas outlet of the outlet cavity is called the methanol mixture outlet 108, and the heated medium inlet and the heated medium outlet of the heating cavity are called air inlet 102 and respectively. Air outlet 104; in the methanol heating reactor 200, the heating chamber is called the working fluid heating chamber 224, the inlet chamber is called the equalizing inlet chamber 226, the outlet chamber is called the equalizing exhaust chamber 222, and the inlet chamber The reaction gas inlet is called the methanol mixture inlet 202, the reaction gas outlet of the outlet is called the tail gas outlet 209, and the heated medium inlet and the heated medium outlet of the heating chamber are called the working fluid inlet 201 and the working fluid outlet respectively. 208.

The term "vertical" and corresponding "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "top" and "bottom" as used in the present invention to define the direction and relative position is only based on the convenience of expression, Corresponding to the vertical state shown in the drawings, it is used to limit the relative positional relationship of each part, not to limit the actual use direction, except for other clear meanings.

The preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present invention can be combined arbitrarily to form several different technical solutions unless otherwise specified and a preferred or optional technical means is further defined by another technical means.

Claims

The methanol vaporization mixer is provided with a vertical shell, the shell is provided with a column tube and a tube sheet, the tube sheet includes an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet, and the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet are both horizontally arranged , Respectively fixedly installed on the upper and lower parts of the shell, the outer edges of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are sealed with the shell, and the space in the shell is divided into mixing and equalizing chambers distributed from top to bottom. , Air preheating chamber and vaporization mixing chamber, the tube is composed of a number of heat exchange tubes, the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected to the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, respectively, the heat exchange tube The outer wall of the tube plate is sealed with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, the tube holes are communicated with the corresponding plate holes of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate as a whole, and the air preheating chamber is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The heat exchange tube is filled with a catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of methanol, the air outlet of the air preheating chamber is connected to the preheating mixture inlet of the mixing and equalizing chamber through an intermediate air pipe, and the intermediate air pipe is provided with a preheating mixture. The hot methanol inlet or the mixing equalizing chamber is provided with a preheating methanol inlet, and the vaporization mixing chamber is provided with a heating methanol inlet and a methanol mixed gas outlet.
The methanol vaporization mixer of claim 1, wherein the upper part of the vaporization mixing chamber is provided with a methanol spray pipe, and the methanol spray pipe is provided with nozzles or spray holes, and the heating methanol inlet The inner end of is connected to the methanol spray pipe.
The methanol vaporization mixer according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tube is a round tube of equal diameter or reduced diameter.
The methanol vaporization mixer of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tube is a variable-diameter round tube with a wave-shaped vertical section of the tube wall, and the tube diameters of the heat exchange tubes at the same height are equal .
The methanol vaporization mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the area near the mixing equalizing chamber of the intermediate gas pipe is provided with a constriction structure, and the preheated methanol inlet is arranged in the constriction structure of the intermediate gas pipe On the side wall of the smallest pipe diameter.
The methanol vaporization mixer according to claim 1, wherein an air circulation pipe is provided between the methanol mixture outlet and the air inlet, and a heating device is connected in series to the air circulation pipe, and the methanol mixture The air outlet is connected to the inlet of the heating device through a corresponding air circulation pipe, and the outlet of the heating device is connected to the air inlet of the air preheating chamber through a corresponding air circulation pipe.
The methanol heating reactor is provided with a vertical shell, in which there are arranged tubes and tube sheets, the tube sheet includes an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet, and the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet are both horizontal The outer edges of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are sealed with the housing, and the space in the housing is divided into pressure equalizing air intakes distributed from bottom to top. Chamber, working medium heating chamber and pressure equalizing exhaust chamber, the tube is composed of a number of heat exchange tubes, the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected to the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, respectively, The outer walls of the heat exchange tubes are respectively sealed with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, the tube holes are connected to the corresponding plate holes of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate as a whole, and the working medium heating chamber is provided with working medium inlets and The working fluid outlet is characterized in that the heat exchange tube is filled with a catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of methanol, the pressure equalizing inlet chamber is provided with a methanol mixed gas inlet, and the pressure equalizing exhaust chamber is provided with a tail gas outlet.
7. The methanol heat reactor according to claim 7, wherein the heat exchange tube is a round tube of equal diameter or reduced diameter.
The methanol heat reactor according to claim 7, wherein the heat exchange tube is a variable-diameter round tube with a wavy vertical section of the tube wall, and the tube diameter of each heat exchange tube at the same height equal.
The methanol heating reactor according to claim 7, wherein the lower part of the pressure equalizing inlet chamber is provided with a methanol mixture distribution device, and the methanol mixture inlet is located below the methanol mixture distribution device.
7. The methanol heating reactor according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of baffles are provided in the working medium heating chamber, and the baffles are provided with heat exchange tube holes for passing through corresponding heat exchange tubes.
The methanol heating reactor according to claim 11, wherein the baffles are staggered vertically.
Methanol flameless heating equipment, which is characterized by including:

The methanol vaporization mixer is provided with a vertical shell, the shell is provided with a column tube and a tube sheet, the tube sheet includes an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet, and the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet are both horizontally arranged , Respectively fixedly installed on the upper and lower parts of the shell, the outer edges of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are sealed with the shell, and the space in the shell is divided into mixing and equalizing chambers distributed from top to bottom. , Air preheating chamber and vaporization mixing chamber, the tube is composed of a number of heat exchange tubes, the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected to the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, respectively, the heat exchange tube The outer wall is sealed with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, the tube holes are connected to the corresponding plate holes of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate as a whole, the air preheating chamber is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the The heat exchange tube is filled with a catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of methanol, the air outlet of the air preheating chamber is connected to the preheating mixed gas inlet of the mixing and equalizing chamber through an intermediate air pipe, and the intermediate air pipe is provided with a preheating methanol inlet Or the mixing equalization chamber is provided with a preheating methanol inlet, and the vaporization mixing chamber is provided with a heating methanol inlet and a methanol mixed gas outlet;

The methanol heating reactor is provided with a vertical shell, the shell is provided with tubes and tube sheets, the tube sheet includes an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet, and the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet are both horizontal The outer edges of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate are sealed with the housing, and the space in the housing is divided into pressure equalizing air intakes distributed from bottom to top. Chamber, working medium heating chamber and pressure equalizing exhaust chamber, the tube is composed of a number of heat exchange tubes, the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected to the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, respectively, The outer walls of the heat exchange tubes are respectively sealed with the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, the tube holes are connected to the corresponding plate holes of the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate as a whole, and the working medium heating chamber is provided with working medium inlets and The working fluid outlet, the heat exchange tube is filled with a catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of methanol, the pressure equalizing inlet chamber is provided with a methanol mixture inlet, and the pressure equalizing exhaust chamber is provided with a tail gas outlet,

The methanol mixed gas outlet of the methanol vaporization mixer is connected to the methanol mixed gas inlet of the methanol heating reactor.
The methanol flameless heating equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that the heat exchange tubes of the methanol vaporization mixer and the methanol heating reactor are round tubes of equal diameter or reduced diameter.
The methanol flameless heating equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that the heat exchange tubes of the methanol vaporization mixer are all round tubes with a wavy vertical section of the tube wall, and the methanol vaporization mixer The tube diameters of the heat exchange tubes in the same height are the same, and/or the heat exchange tubes of the methanol heat reactor are variable-diameter round tubes with a wave-shaped vertical section of the tube wall. The heat exchange tubes in the methanol heating reactor have the same tube diameter at the same height.
The methanol flameless heating equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that the area near the mixing equalization chamber of the intermediate gas pipe of the methanol vaporization mixer is provided with a constriction structure, and the preheated methanol inlet is arranged in the The necking structure of the middle air pipe is located on the side wall where the pipe diameter is the smallest.
The methanol flameless heating equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that a number of baffles are provided in the working medium heating chamber of the methanol heating reactor, and the baffles are provided for passing through the corresponding heat exchange In the heat exchange tube holes of the tube, the baffles are staggered vertically.
The methanol flameless heating equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that an air circulation pipe is provided between the methanol mixture outlet of the methanol vaporization mixer and the air inlet, and the air circulation pipe is connected in series with In the heating device, the methanol mixture outlet is connected to the inlet of the heating device through a corresponding air circulation pipe, and the outlet of the heating device is connected to the air inlet of the air preheating chamber through a corresponding air circulation pipe.
The method for controlling methanol flameless heating equipment according to claim 13, characterized in that the mass flow rate and/or methanol concentration of the methanol mixed gas fed into the methanol heating reactor is controlled or adjusted according to the heating requirements of the working fluid, thereby controlling The intensity and exothermic power of methanol catalytic oxidation reaction in the methanol heating reactor are controlled or adjusted according to the required mass flow rate and methanol concentration of methanol mixture gas, and the mass flow rate of heating methanol and air introduced into the methanol vaporization mixer are controlled or adjusted. Control or adjust the mass flow of methanol for preheating introduced into the methanol vaporization mixer according to the inlet temperature of the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction, and then control the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction intensity and exothermic power in the methanol vaporization mixer. The heating methanol in the methanol heating reactor realizes a complete process reaction in the heat exchange tube of the methanol heating reactor, and the preheating methanol introduced into the methanol vaporization mixer is in the methanol vaporization mixer. A complete process reaction is realized in the heat exchange tube, and the oxygen introduced into the methanol heating reactor and the oxygen introduced into the methanol vaporization mixer are both excessive.
The method for controlling methanol flameless heating equipment according to claim 19, characterized in that any one of the following methods is used to start the methanol vaporization reactor:

During the start-up process, the heating device is used to heat the air to the required temperature. Without adding preheating methanol and heating methanol, the heated air is continuously fed into the air preheating chamber through the air inlet, and the heating is turned on. The methanol mixture outlet is used for air discharge until the air temperature in the air preheating room reaches the required temperature, then the preheating methanol inlet is opened and the preheating methanol is introduced, the heating device is turned off, and the air is not heated by the heating device. Directly into the air inlet, after the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction in the heat exchange tube is stable, open the heating methanol inlet to pass in the heating methanol, and obtain the methanol mixture at a suitable temperature from the methanol mixture outlet, and then enter the normal operation state;

or,

During the start-up process, without adding preheating methanol and heating methanol, the air inlet and methanol mixture outlet are opened, and air is circulated through the methanol mixture outlet and air inlet, and the circulating air is heated by the heating device. The air discharged from the methanol mixture outlet is used as the air inlet of the heating device. After being heated by the heating device, it is fed into the air inlet again until the air temperature in the air preheating room reaches the required temperature, then the preheating methanol inlet is opened to enter the preheating Use methanol, turn off the heating device, and send the air directly into the air inlet without heating by the heating device. After the methanol catalytic oxidation reaction in the heat exchange tube stabilizes, open the heating methanol inlet to pass in the heating methanol. Obtain the methanol mixture at a suitable temperature from the methanol mixture outlet, thus entering the normal working state.