CN115159456A

CN115159456A - Heating device

Info

Publication number: CN115159456A
Application number: CN202210910668.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨伟涛; 梁万广; 黄振宇; 马永峰
Original assignee: Zhongke Hongye Guangdong Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhongke Hongye Guangdong Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-29
Filing date: 2022-07-29
Publication date: 2022-10-11

Abstract

The application provides a heating device, which comprises a shell, wherein a gas-liquid mixing chamber is formed in the shell, a liquid inlet flow channel for conveying a fluid to be reacted towards the gas-liquid mixing chamber is arranged in the shell, and a catalytic reaction device is arranged on one side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber; a blower fan arranged in the shell and used for conveying air to the gas-liquid mixing chamber so as to mix the air and the fluid to be reacted in the gas-liquid mixing chamber to form a mixture, and blowing the mixture into the catalytic reaction device for catalytic heat release, wherein the heat of the catalytic heat release is used for heat exchange of the methanol reforming process; at least one electric heating device is arranged in the shell and used for preheating the fluid to be reacted and/or the mixture. The application provides a heating device, the heating is stable and even.

Description

Heating device

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production from methanol, and particularly relates to a heating device.

Background

With the popularization and development of new energy technology, the development of hydrogen fuel cells is faster and faster, wherein methanol reforming hydrogen production is used as a hydrogen production mode, and the methanol hydrogen production technology is mature day by day due to the fact that the size of equipment required by the methanol hydrogen production is small and the portability is good.

In the process of preparing hydrogen from methanol, high-temperature reforming of methanol is the most critical step in the whole hydrogen preparation process, and the step needs a stable high-temperature environment to ensure that the methanol can stably and fully react with a catalyst, thereby generating a hydrogen-rich gas.

In the related art, the reforming chamber is heated by combustion heating, and also by electric heating in the methanol hydrogen production equipment. In a combustion heating mode, a heat source is concentrated, uniform heating of each part of a reforming chamber cannot be realized, and the condition that a fire source is extinguished exists in the hydrogen production process, so that the heating is further uneven, and the hydrogen production purity is influenced; in the electric heating mode, continuous heating is required, so that the requirement on the stability of the output power of the electric power equipment is high, and when the electric quantity of the battery is reduced, the power is inevitably reduced, so that uneven heating is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application aims to provide a heating device to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, the heating device is not uniformly heated in the hydrogen production process by methanol reforming.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: provided is a heating device including:

the device comprises a shell, a gas-liquid mixing chamber, a liquid inlet flow channel and a catalytic reaction device, wherein the gas-liquid mixing chamber is formed in the shell, the liquid inlet flow channel is arranged in the shell and used for conveying a fluid to be reacted to the gas-liquid mixing chamber, and the catalytic reaction device is arranged on one side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber;

a blower fan arranged in the shell and used for conveying air to the gas-liquid mixing chamber so as to mix the air and the fluid to be reacted in the gas-liquid mixing chamber to form a mixture, and blowing the mixture into the catalytic reaction device for catalytic heat release, wherein the heat of the catalytic heat release is used for heat exchange of the methanol reforming process;

at least one electric heating device arranged in the shell and used for preheating any one or more of the air, the fluid to be reacted and the mixture.

Optionally, a gas flow divider is further arranged in the housing, and the gas flow divider is arranged on one side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber and communicated with an air supply channel of the fan; the gas distributing piece is used for scattering and distributing the air.

Optionally, the gas flow divider includes just right the fan air outlet sets up and is the guiding head of taper, and, centers on the vortex structure that guiding head set up.

Optionally, the gas splitter is made of a metal material, and one of the electric heating devices is disposed on the gas splitter and is used for preheating the air flowing through the gas splitter.

Optionally, the liquid inlet channel surrounds the gas-liquid mixing chamber, a plurality of liquid outlet holes are arranged on the liquid inlet channel at intervals, and the liquid outlet holes are communicated with the gas-liquid mixing chamber.

Optionally, a preheating flow channel is further arranged in the shell, one end of the preheating flow channel is communicated with an external liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the preheating flow channel is communicated with the liquid inlet flow channel; wherein one electric heating device is used for preheating the fluid to be reacted in the preheating flow channel.

Optionally, the preheating flow passage includes at least a first flow passage and a second flow passage; the first flow channel is communicated with the external liquid inlet pipe, and a plurality of interference flow columns are arranged at intervals in the axial extension direction of the first flow channel; the second flow passage is arranged in a bent manner.

Optionally, the preheating flow channel is disposed on the side wall of the housing, and the electric heating device for heating the preheating flow channel is disposed on the side wall of the housing.

Optionally, a deflector is disposed in the housing, and the deflector is disposed on a side of the catalytic reaction device away from the gas-liquid mixing chamber.

Optionally, at least one temperature sensor is further provided in the housing for monitoring the temperature in the gas-liquid mixing chamber or the catalytic reaction.

The application provides a heating device has following beneficial effect at least:

the catalytic reaction device is arranged in the shell, the fan blows the mixture in the gas-liquid mixing chamber into the catalytic reaction device for catalytic reaction, so that a large amount of heat is released, and the released heat can be directly used as a heat source for preparing hydrogen from methanol. In the process, as long as the supply of the air and the fluid to be reacted is continuous and stable, the catalytic reaction can be continuously and stably carried out, so that the temperature of heat released by the catalytic reaction is relatively stable, a stable and continuous heat source is provided for the methanol reforming reaction, and uniform heating can be carried out in the process of preparing hydrogen by reforming methanol.

An electrical heating means is provided in the housing for preheating any one or more of air, the fluid to be reacted or the mixture. So, make the fan blow the mixture to catalytic reaction device before, treat that reaction fluid can be preheated and vaporization, make it can with the air intensive mixing, thereby make the mixture can fully contact with the catalyst in catalytic reaction device in order to improve catalytic efficiency, make the exothermic reaction of catalysis fully go on, and simultaneously, the mixture can heat up to the required temperature condition of catalytic reaction rapidly under electric heater unit's preheating, make catalytic reaction just can reach the optimum reaction temperature at first, and it is stable to keep giving out heat at whole reaction process, be favorable to further improving the homogeneity of heating.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heating device according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a heating device according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a heating device according to further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a gas splitter according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another perspective of a gas splitter according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a housing in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.

Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:

100. a housing;

110. a gas-liquid mixing chamber; 111. a first flow passage; 1111. a turbulence column; 112. a second flow passage; 120. a baffle;

200. a liquid inlet flow passage;

300. a catalytic reaction unit;

400. a fan;

500. an electric heating device;

600. a gas diverter; 610. a flow guide head; 620. a flow baffle plate; 630. a splitter plate;

700. a temperature sensor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the application and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be constructed in operation as a limitation of the application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6 together, a heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application will be described.

It is to be understood that the fluid to be reacted, referred to herein, may be a methanol solution. In the following description, the fluid to be reacted is taken as a methanol solution as an example.

It is to be understood that the heating device of the present application, wherein the reaction formula of the methanol solution is:

2CH ₃ OH+3O ₂ ----2CO ₂ +4H ₂ o, the reaction condition is the environment of the copper-zinc catalyst.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the heating device includes a housing 100, a liquid inlet channel 200 disposed in the housing 100, a blower 400, a catalytic reactor 300, and at least one electric heating device 500.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, specifically, the housing 100 has a hollow shape with both ends penetrating. The blower 400 is disposed at an opening of one end of the casing 100, and the catalytic reaction apparatus 300 may be disposed inside the hollow of the casing 100, or disposed at the other end of the opening of the casing 100, which is not limited thereto. A gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 is formed in the hollow interior of the casing 100 between the fan 400 and the catalytic reactor 300, and meanwhile, a liquid inlet flow channel 200 is provided on the casing 100, and the liquid inlet flow channel 200 is used for conveying a methanol solution to the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110, so that the methanol solution is mixed with air blown by the fan 400 in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 to form a mixture.

It should be understood that the inlet channel 200 is connected to an external inlet pipe, and a liquid outlet hole is provided on the inlet channel 200, and the liquid outlet hole is used for delivering the methanol solution to the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110. In some possible embodiments, the external liquid inlet pipe delivers the high-pressure methanol solution to the liquid inlet flow channel 200, so that the methanol solution delivered to the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 is atomized, thereby enabling the methanol solution and the air to be sufficiently mixed in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110, so that the mixture can be sufficiently in contact with the catalyst in the catalytic reaction device 300 to react and release heat, and the heat of the catalytic heat release is used for performing heat exchange in the methanol reforming process.

It is understood that the catalytic reaction device 300 is a honeycomb catalyst containing a copper-zinc catalyst, and the catalytic reaction device 300 is disposed on one side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110, and further, the axis of the air supply passage of the fan 400, the axis of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110, and the axis of the catalytic reaction device 300 are all coincident. In this way, after the air is pumped to the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 by the blower 400 and sufficiently mixed with the methanol solution, the mixture can be blown into the catalytic reaction device 300 by the way to perform the catalytic exothermic reaction.

Further, in order to accelerate the reaction rate of the mixture with the honeycomb catalyst and also to enable the mixture to rapidly reach a desired temperature for reaction, an electric heating device 500 is provided in the housing 100. The electric heating device 500 is used to preheat one or more of air, methanol solution, and mixture to rapidly bring the mixture to the temperature required for catalytic reaction. For example, the electric heating device 500 may be disposed on an air supply channel of the fan 400, and is used for heating air pumped by the fan 400; the electric heating device 500 may also be disposed in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 to heat the mixture; alternatively, the electric heating device 500 may be disposed in the liquid inlet channel 200 to preheat the methanol solution in the liquid inlet channel 200.

As described above, the electric heating device 500 can heat air, methanol solution or mixture thereof, and has at least the following advantages: firstly, the methanol solution can be heated and vaporized before entering the honeycomb catalyst, the particle size of liquid in the mixture can be reduced, the mixture can be rapidly heated to the temperature condition required by catalytic reaction, the reaction activity of the catalyst is improved, and after the mixture is blown into the honeycomb catalyst, the mixture can be fully reacted with the honeycomb catalyst and the reaction rate of the mixture and the honeycomb catalyst can also be improved; secondly, the mixture can reach the optimal temperature condition required by the reaction at the beginning of the catalytic reaction, so that the whole catalytic reaction process keeps stable heat release, the phenomenon that the heat release temperature is gradually increased in the whole heating process is avoided, and the heating uniformity is further improved.

It is understood that the electric heating device 500 may be an electric heating rod.

It will be appreciated that in use, the end of the housing 100 remote from the fan 400 is open for connection to a methanol reformer, so that heat generated by the catalytic reaction can be transferred to the reformer, thereby providing a stable heat source for methanol reforming.

Compared with the conventional design in which only a combustion heating mode or only an electric heating mode is adopted, the heating device of the application has uniform and stable heating compared with the conventional design in which only a combustion heating mode is adopted; compared with the method only adopting electric heating, the method not only has stable heating, but also has lower energy consumption. Therefore, the heating device of the application can provide a stable heat source for the methanol reforming reaction, so that the efficiency of the methanol reforming can be improved.

Generally, when the blower 400 blows air into the air-liquid mixing chamber 110, the air flows into the air-liquid mixing chamber 110 in a single stream, and thus, the air is easily mixed unevenly during the process of mixing with the methanol solution.

To solve this problem, referring to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a gas flow divider 600 is further disposed in the casing 100, and the gas flow divider 600 is disposed at one side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 and is communicated with the air supply passage of the blower 400. More specifically, the gas manifold 600 is clamped in the hollow interior of the housing 100 and located at the side opening of the housing 100, and at the same time, a sealing plate is provided on the side of the gas manifold 600 facing the opening of the housing 100.

By providing the gas flow divider 600, the air flows into the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 in a scattered flow direction by changing the flow direction of the air, and the scattered air flow is sufficiently mixed with the methanol solution in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 and then blown into the honeycomb catalyst by the blower 400 to perform a catalytic exothermic reaction.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the gas splitter 600 includes a conical flow guide 610 facing the air outlet of the blower 400. Specifically, the diameter of the bottom of the flow guiding head 610 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the air outlet of the fan 400, and the tip of the flow guiding head 610 is located on the axis of the air outlet of the fan 400, so that when the air blown by the fan 400 flows to the flow guiding head 610, the air is diffused under the flow guiding effect of the flow guiding head 610, and the contact area of the air and the methanol solution in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 is increased, so that the air and the methanol solution are mixed sufficiently.

It can be understood that a plurality of diversion trenches may also be disposed on the sidewall of the diversion head 610 along the axial direction to further increase the diversion effect; of course, the diversion trench may also be of other structures having diversion function, and is not limited to this.

Further, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the gas splitter 600 further includes a flow disturbing structure disposed around the flow guiding head 610. Specifically, the spoiler structure includes a flow blocking plate 620 disposed at the bottom of the flow guiding head 610, and a flow dividing plate 630 disposed around the flow guiding head 610 and divergently disposed. The diameter of the baffle 620 is larger than the diameter of the flow guide head 610 and smaller than the inner diameter of the casing 100, that is, an annular channel for air to flow into the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 is formed in the gas flow divider 600; meanwhile, the dividing plates 630 extend from the side wall of the gas dividing member 600 toward the flow guide 610, but are not connected to each other, and the ends of the dividing plates 630 are connected to the flow blocking plate 620.

In this way, when the air blown by the blower 400 is guided by the guide head 610 and collides with the side walls of the respective dividing plates 630, the collided air flow changes the flow direction and collides with the sealing plate, and then changes the flow direction again so as to collide with the flow blocking plate 620, and in this process, the air continuously blown by the blower 400 is mixed with the air having changed the flow direction many times in the gas dividing member 600, and finally flows into the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 from the annular passage. At this time, the air flowing into the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 has been sufficiently dispersed and divided, thereby increasing the contact area of the air and the methanol solution to ensure sufficient mixing of the two.

It will be appreciated that to facilitate heating of the air and further increase the rate of temperature rise of the mixture to quickly achieve the desired temperature for the catalytic reaction, the gas manifold 600 can be arranged as follows. That is, the gas manifold 600 is made of a metal material, for example, an aluminum alloy; meanwhile, referring to fig. 1 to 3, an electric heating device 500 (i.e., an electric heating rod) is embedded in the gas manifold 600. Because the aluminum alloy has a good heat conductivity, when the electric heating device 500 is powered on to generate heat, the generated heat can be conducted to the gas splitter 600, so that the gas splitter 600 generates heat synchronously. As such, when air flows through the gas splitter 600, heat on the gas splitter 600 is transferred to the air, thereby causing the air to have a higher initial temperature.

It can be understood that, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the liquid inlet channel 200 is disposed around the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110, and a plurality of liquid outlet holes are disposed at intervals on the liquid inlet channel 200, and the liquid outlet holes are communicated with the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110. In this way, when the methanol solution is supplied to the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110, the methanol solution can be uniformly sprayed into the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110, so as to be sufficiently mixed with the air.

Further, in order to allow the methanol solution to be sufficiently heated and vaporized before entering the honeycomb catalyst to increase the catalytic reaction rate, the following modifications are made to the housing 100.

A preheating flow channel is further arranged in the shell 100, one end of the preheating flow channel is communicated with an external liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the preheating flow channel is communicated with the liquid inlet flow channel 200; and, one of the electric heating devices 500 is used to preheat the methanol solution in the preheating flow channel so as to vaporize the methanol solution.

After the methanol solution is heated and vaporized in the preheating flow channel, the methanol solution is in a mist shape, so that the methanol solution can be fully mixed with air after entering the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110. Compared with only preheating air, the heat is transferred to the methanol by the air, so that the temperature and the mixing uniformity of the air and the methanol solution can be further improved, and favorable conditions are provided for catalytic reaction.

Further, it is understood that, referring to fig. 2, the preheating flow path is provided at a sidewall of the case 100, and the electric heating device 500 for heating the preheating flow path is provided at the sidewall of the case 100.

Preheat the runner and set up in casing 100 lateral wall, promptly, the two integrated into one piece, so, can improve casing 100's the degree of integrating to can reduce casing 100's volume, be favorable to heating device to realize the lightweight, the portability is better, and the use scene is extensive. Further, the housing 100 may be made of a metal material, such as an aluminum alloy, and since the electric heating device 500 is disposed on the sidewall of the housing 100, when the electric heating device 500 is started, it not only can heat the preheating flow channel in the sidewall of the housing 100 with high efficiency, but also can transfer heat to the inside of the housing 100, thereby also heating the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 and the honeycomb catalyst to further improve the catalytic reaction rate.

Further, as for the arrangement of the preheating flow path, there may be the following arrangement.

Referring to fig. 2, the preheating flow passage includes at least a first flow passage 111 and a second flow passage 112; the first flow channel 111 is communicated with an external liquid inlet pipe, and a plurality of turbulence columns 1111 are arranged at intervals in the axial extension direction of the first flow channel 111; the second flow path 112 is disposed to be curved.

Through set up spoiler post 1111 on the axis extending direction at first runner 111, when methanol solution flowed into first runner 111 by outside feed liquor pipe, under spoiler effect of spoiler post 1111, thereby formation turbulent flow was disturbed to methanol solution's flow direction to make methanol solution can be full of first runner 111. Further, vortex post 1111 interval is provided with a plurality of, so, can further improve the disturbing effect to the methyl alcohol solution.

The second flow channel 112 is disposed behind the first flow channel 111, and the second flow channel 112 is disposed in a bent manner, so that the space of the sidewall of the housing 100 can be fully utilized to lengthen the length of the second flow channel 112 as much as possible. Because one of the electric heating devices 500 is disposed in the casing 100, and the second flow channel 112 is disposed in such a way, the methanol solution can be completely filled in the second flow channel 112 after being sufficiently scattered and disturbed by the first flow channel 111, so that heat on the sidewall of the casing 100 can be sufficiently transferred to the methanol solution to heat the methanol solution, thereby improving the heating efficiency and sufficiently vaporizing the methanol solution.

It is understood that, referring to fig. 6, in some embodiments of the present application, a baffle 120 is disposed in the housing 100, and the baffle 120 is disposed on a side of the catalytic reaction device 300 away from the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 and is disposed with the baffle 120.

Specifically, each baffle 120 is disposed in the hollow interior of the housing 100 in parallel to the blowing direction of the fan 400, so that the high-temperature gas formed by the catalytic reaction in the honeycomb catalyst can be sequentially discharged from the hollow interior of the housing 100 by the blowing of the fan 400. Further, each guide plate 120 is also made of a metal material, so that when the electric heating device 500 heats the casing 100, heat on the side wall of the casing 100 can be transferred to the guide plates 120, and when high-temperature gas flows through the guide plates 120, if the temperature on the guide plates 120 is greater than that of the high-temperature gas, the guide plates 120 perform a supplementary heating function on the high-temperature gas. Furthermore, one of the electric heating devices 500 is further disposed on the flow guide plate 120, and by such arrangement, the flow guide plate 120 is heated by the electric heating device 500, so that the high-temperature gas can provide a stable heat source for methanol reforming, which is beneficial to improving the reaction efficiency of methanol reforming.

It will be appreciated that, with reference to fig. 2 and 3, in some embodiments of the present application, at least one temperature sensor 700 is also provided in the housing 100, the temperature sensor 700 being used to monitor the temperature in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 110 or the catalytic reaction.

The temperature sensors 700 are provided at least two and are respectively used for monitoring the initial temperatures of air and a methanol solution before catalytic reaction. Specifically, one of the temperature sensors 700 is inserted into the gas splitter 600, and the other temperature sensor 700 is disposed in a sidewall of the casing 100 where the preheating flow channel is disposed. Therefore, the initial temperature of the methanol solution and the air is monitored, so that the initial temperature of the air and the methanol solution is finely adjusted in the reaction process, the mixture is favorably and completely reacted with the honeycomb catalyst, and the exothermic efficiency of the reaction is favorably improved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A heating device, comprising:

the device comprises a shell, a gas-liquid mixing chamber, a catalytic reaction device and a reaction device, wherein a liquid inlet flow channel for conveying a fluid to be reacted to the gas-liquid mixing chamber is arranged in the shell;

a blower fan arranged in the shell and used for conveying air to the gas-liquid mixing chamber so that the air and the fluid to be reacted are mixed in the gas-liquid mixing chamber to form a mixture, the mixture is blown into the catalytic reaction device to carry out catalytic heat release, and the heat of the catalytic heat release is used for carrying out heat exchange of a methanol reforming process;

at least one electric heating device is arranged in the shell and used for preheating the fluid to be reacted and/or the mixture.

2. The heating device of claim 1, wherein: a gas distributing piece is further arranged in the shell, is arranged on one side of the gas-liquid mixing chamber and is communicated with an air supply channel of the fan; the gas shunting piece is used for shunting the air.

3. The heating device of claim 2, wherein: the gas flow divider comprises a flow guide head which is just right opposite to the fan air outlet and is tapered, and a flow disturbing structure which surrounds the flow guide head.

4. A heating apparatus as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein: the gas distributing member is made of metal material, and one of the electric heating devices is arranged on the gas distributing member and used for preheating the air flowing through the gas distributing member.

5. The heating device of claim 1, wherein: the feed liquor runner encircles the setting of gas-liquid mixing chamber be provided with a plurality of liquid holes at the feed liquor runner upper limit, the liquid hole with the gas-liquid mixing chamber is linked together.

6. The heating apparatus according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: a preheating flow passage is also arranged in the shell, one end of the preheating flow passage is communicated with an external liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the preheating flow passage is communicated with the liquid inlet flow passage; one electric heating device is used for preheating the fluid to be reacted in the preheating flow channel.

7. The heating device of claim 6, wherein: the preheating flow channel at least comprises a first flow channel and a second flow channel; the first flow channel is communicated with the external liquid inlet pipe, and a plurality of interference flow columns are arranged at intervals in the axial extension direction of the first flow channel; the second flow passage is arranged in a bent manner.

8. The heating device of claim 6, wherein: the preheating flow channel is arranged on the side wall of the shell, and the electric heating device for heating the preheating flow channel is arranged on the side wall of the shell.

9. The heating device of claim 1, wherein: a guide plate is arranged in the shell and is arranged on one side of the catalytic reaction device, which is far away from the gas-liquid mixing chamber.

10. The heating device of claim 1, wherein: at least one temperature sensor is also arranged in the shell and used for monitoring the temperature in the gas-liquid mixing chamber or the catalytic reaction.