WO2021216644A1 - Détermination de caractéristiques permettant d'orienter un appareil de détection - Google Patents

Détermination de caractéristiques permettant d'orienter un appareil de détection Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021216644A1
WO2021216644A1 PCT/US2021/028309 US2021028309W WO2021216644A1 WO 2021216644 A1 WO2021216644 A1 WO 2021216644A1 US 2021028309 W US2021028309 W US 2021028309W WO 2021216644 A1 WO2021216644 A1 WO 2021216644A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensing system
features
signal
antennas
receiving antennas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2021/028309
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Valkyrie Savage
David Holman
Jesse Burstyn
Faizan HAQUE
Original Assignee
Tactual Labs Co.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tactual Labs Co. filed Critical Tactual Labs Co.
Publication of WO2021216644A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021216644A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
    • A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb
    • A61B5/1126—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor, mobility of a limb using a particular sensing technique
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
    • A61B5/0026—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network characterised by the transmission medium
    • A61B5/0028—Body tissue as transmission medium, i.e. transmission systems where the medium is the human body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 

Definitions

  • FIG.1 is a schematic view of a sensor system.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of a sensor system adapted to determine muscle activity.
  • FIG.3 is an example mechanomyogram showing when a pinch occurred.
  • FIG.4 is an example mechanomyogram showing when a pinch occurred.
  • FIG.8 is an example mechanomyogram showing when a pinch occurred.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of an individual having transmitting and receiving antennas placed on the body.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of an individual having transmitting and receiving antennas worn on a garment.
  • FIG.7 is flow-chart setting forth the method for determining bone structure determination.
  • the present disclosure is directed to sensor systems sensitive to the determination of muscle, tendon and skeletal position and activity, movement and position and how to orient the sensing system on an individual. I ti l th d t i ti f th i t ti f i t i th i t i able to be used in order to enhance measurement and determination of position and hand activity.
  • the sensing system is able to take features sensed in order to correlate the features with a position on a person.
  • the system is then able to take measured signals from the sensing system and better use those measured signals to discriminate the movement and position of body parts.
  • the term “event” may be used to describe periods of time in which muscle activity and position of a body is detected and determined.
  • events may be detected, processed, and/or supplied to downstream computational processes with very low latency, e.g., on the order of ten milliseconds or less, or on the order of less than one millisecond.
  • first and second are not intended, in and of themselves, to imply sequence, time or uniqueness, but rather, are used to distinguish one claimed construct from another. In some uses where the context dictates, these terms may imply that the first and second are unique. For example, where an event occurs at a first time, and another event occurs at a second time, there is no intended implication that the first time occurs before the second time, after the second time or simultaneously with the second time. However, where the further limitation that the second time is after the first time is presented in the claim, the context would require reading the first time and the second time to be unique times.
  • first and a second frequency could be the same frequency, e.g., the first frequency being 10 Mhz and the second frequency being 10 Mhz; or could be different frequencies, e.g., the first frequency being 10 Mhz and the second frequency being 11 Mhz.
  • Context may dictate otherwise, for example, where a first and a second frequency are further limited to being frequency-orthogonal to each other, in which case, they could not be the same frequency.
  • the sensor configurations described herein are suited for use with frequency-orthogonal signaling techniques (see, e.g., U.S. Patent Nos. 9,019,224 and 9,529,476, and U.S. Patent No.9,811,214, all of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference).
  • the sensor configurations discussed herein may be used with other signal techniques, including scanning or time division techniques, and/or code division techniques. It is pertinent to note that the sensors described and illustrated herein are also suitable for use in connection with signal infusion (also referred to as signal injection) techniques and apparatuses.
  • Signal infusion being a technique in which a signal is transmitted to a person, that signal being capable of travelling on, within and through the person.
  • an infused signal causes the object of infusion (e.g., a hand, finger, arm or entire person) to become a transmitter of the signal.
  • the presently disclosed systems and methods further involve principles related to and for designing, manufacturing and using capacitive based sensors and capacitive based sensors that employ a multiplexing scheme based on orthogonal signaling such as but not limited to frequency-division multiplexing (FDM), code-division multiplexing (CDM), or a hybrid modulation technique that combines both FDM and CDM methods.
  • FDM frequency-division multiplexing
  • CDM code-division multiplexing
  • References to frequency herein could also refer to other orthogonal signal bases. As such, this application incorporates by reference Applicants’ prior U.S. Patent No.
  • This application also employs principles used in fast multi-touch sensors and other interfaces disclosed in the following: U.S. Patent Nos.9,933,880; 9,019,224; 9,811,214; 9,804,721; 9,710,113; 9,158,411; 10,191,579; 10,386,975; 10,175,772. Familiarity with the disclosure, concepts and nomenclature within these patents is presumed. The entire disclosure of these patents and applications incorporated therein by reference are incorporated herein by reference. This application also employs principles used in fast multi-touch sensors and other interfaces disclosed in the following: U.S.
  • Orthogonal signals may be transmitted into a plurality of transmitting conductors (or antennas) and information may be received by receivers attached to a plurality of receiving conductors (or antennas).
  • receivers “sample” the signal present on the receiving conductors (or antennas) during a sampling period ( ⁇ ).
  • signal e.g., the sampled signal
  • a signal processor to identify touch events (including, e.g., actual touch, near touch, hover and farther away events that cause a change in coupling between a transmitter and receiver).
  • one or more transmitting conductors can move with respect to one or more receiving conductors (or antennas), and such movement causes a change of coupling between at least one of the transmitting conductors (or antennas) and at least one of the receiving conductors (or antennas).
  • the transmitting conductors and receiving conductors may be organized in a variety of configurations, including, e.g., a matrix where the crossing points form nodes, and interactions are detected by processing of received signals.
  • the orthogonal signals are frequency orthogonal
  • spacing between the orthogonal frequencies, ⁇ f is at least the reciprocal of the measurement period ⁇ , the measurement period ⁇ being equal to the period during which the column conductors are sampled.
  • the signal processor of a mixed signal integrated circuit (or a downstream component or software) is adapted to determine at least one value representing each frequency orthogonal signal transmitted to (or present on) a row conductor (or antenna).
  • the signal processor of the mixed signal integrated circuit (or a downstream component or software) performs a Fourier transform on the signals present on a receive conductor or antenna.
  • the mixed signal integrated circuit is adapted to digitize received signals.
  • the mixed signal integrated circuit (or a downstream component or software) is adapted to digitize the signals present on the receive conductor or antenna and perform a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the digitized information.
  • the mixed signal integrated circuit (or a downstream component or software) is adapted to digitize the signals present on the received conductor or antenna and perform a Fast Fourier transform (FFT) on the digitized information -- an FFT being one type of discrete Fourier transform.
  • a DFT treats the sequence of digital samples (e.g., window) taken during a sampling period (e.g., integration period) as though it repeats.
  • signals that are not center frequencies may have relatively nominal, but unintended consequence of contributing small values into other DFT bins.
  • orthogonal as used herein is not “violated” by such small contributions.
  • frequency orthogonal two signals are considered frequency orthogonal if substantially all of the contribution of one signal to the DFT bins is made to different DFT bins than substantially all of the contribution of the other signal.
  • received signals are sampled at at least 2 MHz. In an embodiment, received signals are sampled at 4 Mhz. In an embodiment, received signals are sampled at 4.096 Mhz. In an embodiment, received signals are sampled at more than 4 MHz. To achieve kHz sampling, for example, 4096 samples may be taken at 4.096 MHz. In such an embodiment, the integration period is 1 millisecond, which per the constraint that the frequency spacing should be greater than or equal to the reciprocal of the integration period provides a minimum frequency spacing of 1 KHz.
  • the frequency spacing is equal to the reciprocal of the integration period.
  • the maximum frequency of a frequency-orthogonal signal range should be less than 2 MHz.
  • the practical maximum frequency of a frequency-orthogonal signal range should be less than about 40% of the sampling rate, or about 1.6 MHz.
  • a DFT (which could be an FFT) is used to transform the digitized received signals into bins of information, each reflecting the frequency of a frequency-orthogonal signal transmitted which may have been transmitted by the transmit antenna 130.
  • 2048 bins correspond to frequencies from 1 KHz to about 2 MHz. It will be apparent to a person of skill in the art in view of this disclosure that these examples are simply that, exemplary. Depending on the needs of a system, and subject to the constraints described above, the sample rate may be increased or decreased, the integration period may be adjusted, the frequency range may be adjusted, etc.
  • a DFT (which can be an FFT) output comprises a bin for each frequency-orthogonal signal that is transmitted.
  • each DFT (which can be an FFT) bin comprises an in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) component.
  • the sum of the squares of the I and Q components is used as measures corresponding to signal strength for that bin.
  • the square root of the sum of the squares of the I and Q components is used as measure corresponding to signal strength for that bin. It will be apparent to a person of skill in the art in view of this disclosure that a measure corresponding to the signal strength for a bin could be used as a measure related to muscle activity. In other words, the measure corresponding to signal strength in a given bin would change as a result of some activity originated by muscles of the body. [0022] Turning to FIG.
  • a simplified diagram of a sensing system 100 that is incorporated into a wearable 150 is shown.
  • the sensing system 100 is generally able to capacitively discern activity that occurs within the vicinity of the wearable 150.
  • the wearable 150 is adapted to be placed on a wrist.
  • a mixed signal integrated circuit with signal processing capabilities comprises a transmitter 110, and a receiver 120.
  • an analog front end comprising a transmitter (or multiple transmitters) and a receiver (or multiple receivers) is used to send and receive signals instead of the mixed signal integrated circuit.
  • the analog front end provides a digital interface to signal generating and signal processing circuits and/or software.
  • the mixed signal integrated circuit is adapted to generate one or more signals and send the signals to the transmitting antennas 130 via the transmitter 110. In an embodiment, the mixed signal integrated circuit is adapted to generate a plurality of frequency-orthogonal signals and send the plurality of frequency- orthogonal signals to the transmitting antennas 130. [0023]
  • the transmitter 110 is conductively coupled to transmitting antennas 130, and the receiver 120 is operably connected to receiving antennas 140.
  • the transmitting antennas 130 are supported on the wearable 150 that is worn on a body part.
  • the transmitter and receivers are arbitrarily assigned, and the transmitter 110 and transmitting antenna 130 can be used on the receive side, while the receiver 120, and the receiving antenna 140 can be used as the transmit side.
  • the signal processor, transmitter and receiver may be implemented on separate circuits.
  • the transmitter and receivers may each support more than one antenna.
  • a plurality of transmitting antennas 130 and/or a plurality of receiving antennas 140 are employed. With the configuration shown in FIG. 1 it is possible to determine information based on measurements of the signals received.
  • Information regarding activity that occurs in proximity to the transmitting antennas 130 and receiving antennas 140 can be established based on measurements made. These measurements may generally be used to determine movement of fingers and the pose of the hand. [0024] In addition to the determination of information regarding what occurs in proximity to the transmitting and receiving antennas or conductors, as described above, it has also been discovered that it is possible to infuse a signal into a person or conductive object and that the infused signal will impact a sensor in proximity to the infused person or object. In U.S. Patent Application Serial No.16/193,476, entitled “System and Methods for Infusion Range Sensor,” incorporated herein by reference, a method and system for measuring the distance of an infused object from a sensor was discussed.
  • a body part or an object was infused with a signal and moved with respect to a sensor. Through the movement of the infused body part or object, the system was able to determine measurements based on the received signals and determine the position of the body part or object from the sensor. [0025] Building off the insights learned from the aforementioned disclosure regarding determining the position of a person or object infused with a signal, further uses of infusion were explored. A person or object that has the signal infused therein can impact a sensor system and what the receivers in the sensor system measure.
  • an infused signal is frequency orthogonal with respect to the other signals transmitted and received by the sensing apparatus.
  • infusion refers to the process of transmitting signals to the body of a subject, effectively allowing the body (or parts of the body) to become an active transmitting source of the signal.
  • an electrical signal is injected into the hand (or other part of the body) and this signal can be detected by a sensor even when the hand (or fingers or other part of the body) are not in direct contact with the sensor’s touch surface. To some degree, this allows the proximity and orientation of the hand (or finger or some other body part) to be determined, relative to a surface.
  • signals are carried (e.g., conducted) by the body, and depending on the frequencies involved, may be carried near the surface or below the surface.
  • frequencies of at least the KHz range may be used in frequency infusion. In an embodiment, frequencies in the MHz range may be used in frequency infusion.
  • an infusion signal can be selected to be orthogonal to the transmitted signals, and thus it can be seen in addition to other signals being transmitted.
  • Signals infused into a user can be implemented in a system where the infused signal is received and measurements of the received signal or signals are able to be used in order to determine the activity of muscles.
  • Arrangements of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas are used in order to obtain, among other things, information that is obtained via traditional mechanomyography, as well as information regarding muscle activity and how it correlates to the movement and activity of various parts of the body.
  • MMG mechanomyogram
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a sensing system 200 located proximate to a wrist area 203.
  • Sensing system 200 is operably attached to a body at a location where information regarding the activity of a particular muscle or muscle grouping is able to be determined.
  • sensing system 200 is connected to the wrist area 203 via the use of a band 201.
  • the activity of muscles that control motion of the hand are able to be detected.
  • the sensing system 200 comprises receiving antennas 204 (antennas are also referred to as conductors or electrodes) that are operably connected to a processor (not shown).
  • the receiving antennas 204 are located within a housing 205.
  • the housing 205 is operably attached to the band 201.
  • the receiving antennas 204 are adapted to be located above the surface of the skin of the wrist area 203. In the embodiment, shown in FIG.
  • each of the receiving antennas 204 are located at substantially the same distance from the surface of the wrist area 203 in a direction normal to the surface of the wrist area 203.
  • the receiving antennas 204 may be separated from the surface of the wrist area 203 by material formed from the housing 205.
  • the band 201 separates the receiving antennas 204 from the surface of the wrist area 203.
  • a layer of material other than the band separates the receiving antennas from the surface of the skin.
  • a housing separates the receiving antenna or receiving antennas from the surface of the skin.
  • multiple layers of material separate the receiving antenna or receiving antennas from the surface of the skin.
  • a receiving antenna or receiving antennas are placed proximate to the surface of the skin without any intervening layers. In an embodiment, a receiving antenna or receiving antennas are placed on the surface of the skin. [0031] When receiving antennas 204 are located distally from the surface of the skin there is less likelihood of factors such as sweat, skin chemistry, texture, biological factors, etc. from interfering with the measurements. In an embodiment, the receiving antennas 204 are adapted to be positioned about 2 mm from the surface of the skin. In an embodiment, the receiving antennas 204 are adapted to be positioned about 1 mm from the surface of the skin. In an embodiment, the receiving antennas 204 are adapted to be positioned about 3 mm from the surface of the skin.
  • the receiving antennas 204 are adapted to be positioned about 4 mm from the surface of the skin. In an embodiment, the receiving antennas 204 are adapted to be positioned about 5 mm from the surface of the skin. In an embodiment, some receiving antennas are positioned at different differences from the surface of the skin. For example, one grouping of receiving antennas is positioned at 1 mm from the surface of the skin, while another grouping of receiving antennas is positioned at 2 mm from the surface of the skin. In an embodiment, each of the receiving antennas are positioned at a different distance from the surface of the skin. Generally, as the receiving antennas 204 approach, or are located in proximity to the surface of the skin, the magnitude of the infused signal received from the skin increases.
  • the sensing system 200 also comprises transmitting antenna 202 (also referred to as a conductor or electrode). While a single transmitting antenna 202 is shown more than one transmitting antenna may be used in the sensing system 200. More transmitting antennas can provide additional sources of signal that when measured and processed can provide additional information regarding the activity of muscles.
  • the transmitting antenna 202 is adapted to infuse a signal into the user of the sensing system 200.
  • the transmitting antenna 202 is operably connected to the band 201 and is located sufficiently proximate to the user so as to effectively transmit signal into the user so that the signal is able to be carried by the user.
  • the band 201 separates the transmitting antenna 202 from the surface of the wrist area 203.
  • a layer of material other than the band separates a transmitting antenna or transmitting antennas from the surface of the skin.
  • a housing separates the transmitting antenna or transmitting antennas from the surface of the skin.
  • multiple layers of material separate a transmitting antenna or transmitting antennas from the surface of the skin.
  • a transmitting antenna or transmitting antennas are placed proximate to the surface of the skin without any intervening layers.
  • a transmitting antenna or transmitting antennas are placed on the surface of the skin.
  • the distance of the transmitting antenna from the surface of the skin or whether the transmitting antenna is located on the skin may be determined by factors such as signal strength and body chemistry.
  • the transmitting antenna 202 is shown located distally from the receiving antennas 204, however it should be understood that the transmitting antenna 202 may be located at various distances from the respective receiving antennas 202.
  • the proximity of the transmitting antenna 202 to a receiving antenna 204 may impact the measurements of the signal received by the receiving antennas 204.
  • the roles of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antennas may switch or alternate in some embodiments, with the transmitting antenna functioning as receiving antenna and the receiving antennas functioning as transmitting antennas.
  • a transmitting antenna 202 is shown that infuses a signal to a user of the sensing system 200.
  • more than one transmitting antenna infuses a signal to a user.
  • more than one transmitting antenna infuses a signal to a user wherein each of the transmitting antennas infuses a signal that is orthogonal from each other signal transmitted to the user.
  • one transmitting antenna infuses more than one signal to a user wherein each of the signals transmitted to the user is orthogonal with respect to each other signal transmitted to the user.
  • the transmitting antenna 202 is shown located on the band 203, it should be understood that the transmitting antenna 202 does not have to be located on the band 203 or necessarily proximate to the band 201.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located on a wearable located elsewhere on the body.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located proximate to another hand of the user.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located on a ring worn by the user.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located on goggles or glasses located on the head.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located in an article of clothing worn by the user.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located on a token carried by the user.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located within the environment and signal is transmitted to the user upon being proximate to the transmitting antenna.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located in a chair in which the user sits.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located on the floor on which the user stands.
  • the transmitting antenna or antennas are located within a vehicle.
  • Placement of the sensing system with respect to the wrist area has been able to enhance the ability of the sensing system to be able to distinguish types of events that may be difficult to detect otherwise.
  • By placing the sensing system in a location where data with respect to the movement of the wrist and movement of the fingers reflected within the area of the wrist are able to be determined such previously elusive events can be detected.
  • By correlating certain events with the determined activity within the wrist area events such as touch, pinch and the touching of objects can be discerned.
  • the ability of determining events can be enhanced as more correlating events are ascribed to the use of the sensing system.
  • FIGs.1 and 2 While the embodiments shown and described in FIGs.1 and 2 are able to determine and distinguish movement and position of the hand, with this and other embodiments, positioning of the wearable can impact the ability of the sensing system’s ability to determine information it wants to discover. It has been discovered that implementations of the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas can be used to determine information regarding the placement of the wearable or where the wearable has been placed. [0039] For example, in the signals received, processed and graphically depicted in FIGs.3 and 4 a sensor placed at a certain location on the arm (e.g. over the abductor pollicis longus tendon) is able to detect and determine movement that is correlated to the pinch and unpinching activity of a person’s hand.
  • a sensor placed at a certain location on the arm e.g. over the abductor pollicis longus tendon
  • FIG.3 shows a pinch being determined by the sensing system.
  • the transmitting and receiving antennas are placed proximate to the wrist area.
  • the movement and position of physical structure of bones, tendons, veins, arteries, etc. within the wrist area impact the measurement of signals that are received.
  • the measured signals are used in order to determine the motion of the fingers and determine other hand related behaviors.
  • FIG.4 shows a pinch between the index finger and the thumb being detected and determined by the sensing system.
  • FIG.4 shows the sensing system being able to determine when touch (not a full force pinch) between the index finger and the thumb occurs.
  • touch not a full force pinch
  • Placement of the sensing system can determine what types of activities can be determined. For example, the placement of the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas on the top portion of the wrist area (i.e. the area shown in the figures where the sensing system is placed) has been determined to be effective for detecting the internal movements within the wrist area that can be correlated to pinch and fingertips touching. Placement of the sensing system in certain locations on a user enables different types of activity to be determined. Additionally, load that is placed on any given muscle can be determined from the processed signals.
  • the location and placement of the sensor system can be correlated with the activity or movement that is the focus of activity. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with making a fist. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with making a hand gesture. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with facial expressions. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with foot movement. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with leg motion. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with hip motion. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with vocal activity. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with arm motion. In an embodiment, placement of the sensor system is correlated with head motion.
  • FIG. 5 is a simple diagram illustrating an embodiment of transmitting antennas 502 and receiving antennas 504 that can be used in order to determine information regarding movement and activity of the user.
  • the transmitting antennas 502 and the receiving antennas 504 may also be referred to as electrodes or conductors.
  • the transmitting antennas 502 are adapted to transmit signals that are then received by the receiving antennas 504.
  • the transmitting antennas 502 are located on a substrate 501 that separates the transmitting antennas 502 from the surface of the skin.
  • the receiving antennas 504 are located on a substrate 503 that separates the receiving antennas 504 from the surface of the skin.
  • the substrate 501 and the substrate 503 may be formed as a type of sleeve, or other wearable, that can easily conform to a user’s arm or otherwise be worn by the user. While the transmitting antennas 502 and the receiving antennas 504 are formed as two different sleeves, in an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and receiving antennas are located on the same sleeve.
  • the sleeve having the receiving antennas is the sleeve that may be placed proximate to the area that has muscle activity that is to be detected while the transmitting antennas may be located elsewhere on the user or in the environment.
  • both sleeves may be part of the same shirt or jacket.
  • each sleeve is a separate garment that can be placed on an arm.
  • the transmitting antennas 502 and the receiving antennas 504 may function in opposite roles, that is to say the transmitting antennas 502 can function as the receiving antennas 504 and vice versa. Furthermore, their respective roles can vary as needed.
  • a single frequency signal is transmitted by a transmitting antenna 502.
  • a plurality of orthogonal signals that are orthogonal with respect to each other are transmitted by the transmitting antennas 502.
  • a plurality of frequency orthogonal signals that are orthogonal with respect to each other are transmitted by the transmitting antennas 502.
  • Those signals that are received by the receiving antennas 504 are measured and processed. This measurement permits capacitive determination of muscle activity.
  • the processed signals are correlated with muscle activity.
  • the processed signals can be used in order to ascertain information related to muscles such as muscle fatigue, strength and balance.
  • the determination and production of mechnomyograms can be correlated with muscle activity and movements related to various activities expressed by the muscles, such as finger movements (e.g. pinch, grasp, etc.), opposition, arm movements, and movements of other body parts.
  • FIG.5 shows the antennas placed on each arm of a person.
  • the arrangement of the transmitting antennas 502 and the receiving antennas 504 are placed on the body at locations where meaningful information about the muscle activity can be obtained.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on portions of each arm.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on portions of the same arm.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the upper portion of an arm.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the forearm of a person.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the hand of a person.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the wrist of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on each leg of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the thigh of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the lower leg of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the ankle of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the foot of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the chest of a person.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the torso of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed in the neck region of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the head of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed in any combination of the above referenced positions. [0045] In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas may be placed in such a way that they are in direct contact with an individual’s skin. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas may be placed in such a way that they are located proximate to but are not in direct contact with an individual. [0046] Referring now to FIG.
  • FIG. 6 shows a simple diagram of a person wearing a garment 600 that has embedded therein transmitting antennas 602 and receiving antennas 604.
  • the transmitting antennas 602 and the receiving antennas 604 may also be referred to as electrodes or conductors.
  • the transmitting antennas 602 are adapted to transmit signals that are then able to be received by the receiving antennas 604. It should be understood that the transmitting antennas 602 and the receiving antennas 604 may function in different roles, that is the transmitting antenna 602 can function as the receiving antenna 604 and vice versa.
  • a plurality of orthogonal signals that are orthogonal with respect to each other are transmitted by the transmitting antennas 602.
  • a single frequency signal is transmitted by a transmitting antenna 602.
  • the garment 600 is a textile formed with transmitting antennas 602 and receiving antennas 604.
  • the garment 600 is formed from leather.
  • the garment 600 is formed from lycra.
  • the garment 600 is formed from neoprene material.
  • the garment 600 is made from an organic material with antennas threaded throughout the garment 600.
  • the garment 600 is made from a synthetic material with antennas threaded throughout the garment 600.
  • the garment 1100 is made from a combination of synthetic and organic materials.
  • the garment 600 is shown worn in the chest area and is able to determine muscle activity within that area.
  • the garment is formed as a shirt. Transmitting antennas and receiving antennas in a garment formed as a shirt are able to determine activity in the chest area and in areas proximate to the arms. The arrangement of the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed in the garment proximate to areas on the body at locations where meaningful information about the muscle activity can be obtained.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed in the garment proximate to portions of each arm. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas in the garment are placed proximate to locations on the same arm. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed in the garment proximate to an upper portion of an arm. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are in a garment proximate to the forearm. In an embodiment, the garment is formed as a glove. In an embodiment, the garment is formed as a bracelet. In an embodiment, the garment is formed as pants. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are proximate to the thigh of a person located within pants.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are proximate to the lower leg of a person. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed proximate to the ankle of a person located within pants, socks or an ankle bracelet. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the foot of a person located within socks or formed as shoes. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed on the chest of a person in a garment formed as a shirt. In an embodiment, the garment is formed as a shirt located proximate to a person’s torso and able to obtain information regarding a person’s torso.
  • the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are formed as a necklace or formed as a scarf. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are formed as a hat. In an embodiment, the transmitting antennas and the receiving antennas are placed in multiple garments worn by an individual. It should be understood that while reference is made to more than one transmitting antenna and more than one receiving antennas the garments can be formed using only one transmitting antenna and multiple receiving antennas or one receiving antenna and multiple transmitting antennas. PHYSIOLOGY COMPENSATION [0049] In establishing the sensing systems described above issues related to the placement of sensing systems occur due to differences in peoples’ physiology.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart setting forth the method of orienting the sensing device.
  • signals are transmitted to a user.
  • signals are received and measured.
  • the measured signals are used in order to determine features from the area that is being sensed. So for example, with the wrist-based sensing device features of the ulna and radius are used to establish where the device is located for that user.
  • other features of the arm are determined.
  • additional features of the arm are determined.
  • features of the upper arm are determined.
  • step 708 the established location is then used in order to normalize future measurements that are to be taken. These normalized measurements are then able to provide better determination of position of the sensing device for a user.
  • a curve is fit to the features that have been chosen. After the curve is fit to the features a virtual matrix is extracted using equally-spaced points along the curve. The virtual matrix is then used in order to improve the measurements of that which is being sensed.
  • the same normalization process can be applied to different features in the arm or at other locations on the body. Additionally while using two features is discussed with respect to the wrist-based example it is possible to use more than two features. In an embodiment, three features are selected. In an embodiment, four features are selected. In an embodiment, five features are selected. In an embodiment, only one feature is used and its location with respect to the sensing system is used to orient the device. In an embodiment, a combination of features and distances from the sensing system are used to orient the device. [0055] An aspect of the disclosure is a sensing system.
  • the sensing system having sensing normalization comprising: a transmitting antenna adapted to transmit at least one signal into a user of the sensing system; a plurality of receiving antennas, each one of the plurality of receiving antennas adapted to receive the at least one signal transmitted into the user; and a processor adapted to determine a measurement of the at least one signal transmitted into the user received by each one of the plurality of receiving antennas, wherein the processor is further adapted to process the determined measurements to extract features to normalize the sensing.
  • Another aspect of the disclosure is a sensing system.
  • the sensing system comprising: a substrate, wherein the substrate is adapted to be worn proximate to a wrist area, wherein the position of the substrate enhances the determination of muscle activity related to grip; a transmitting antenna operably attached to the substrate, wherein the transmitting antenna is adapted to transmit at least one signal into a user; at least one receiving antenna adapted to receive the at least one signal, wherein the receiving antenna is operably attached to the substrate; and a processor adapted to process measurements of received signals, wherein processed measurements are used to extract features for normalization of the sensing.
  • Still yet another aspect of the disclosure is a sensing system having normalization capability.
  • the sensing system comprising: a substrate, wherein the substrate is adapted to be worn on a body, wherein the position of the substrate enhances the determination of muscle activity of the body; a transmitting antenna operably attached to the substrate, wherein the transmitting antenna is adapted to transmit at least one signal into the body; at least one receiving antenna adapted to receive the at least one signal, wherein the receiving antenna is operably attached to the substrate; and a processor adapted to process measurements of received signals, wherein processed measurements are able to determine muscle activity of the body, wherein processed measurements are used to extract features for normalization of the sensing.

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Abstract

Système de détection permettant de déterminer un mouvement et une position de la main d'une personne. Une pluralité d'antennes de réception est située sur un dispositif pouvant être porté à proximité de la surface de la peau d'un utilisateur à l'intérieur de la zone du poignet et de l'avant-bras. Une antenne de transmission est située au niveau d'un emplacement à proximité de la peau d'un utilisateur. L'antenne de transmission transmet (insuffle) un signal à un utilisateur. Des mesures du signal insufflé sont réalisées sur les signaux reçus par les antennes de réception. Les mesures du signal insufflé sont traitées et utilisées pour déterminer des caractéristiques à proximité de la zone du poignet. Les caractéristiques sont ensuite utilisées afin d'établir le positionnement du système de détection et de normaliser les mesures pour améliorer la détection.
PCT/US2021/028309 2020-04-21 2021-04-21 Détermination de caractéristiques permettant d'orienter un appareil de détection WO2021216644A1 (fr)

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US63/013,497 2020-04-21

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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013086363A2 (fr) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-13 Access Business Group International Llc Système de suivi et de modification de comportement
US20170112448A1 (en) * 2014-12-31 2017-04-27 Goertek Inc. Photoelectric type pulse signal measuring method and apparatus
US20170360316A1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-21 Qualcomm Incorporated Monolithic integrated emitter-detector array in a flexible substrate for biometric sensing
US20180253151A1 (en) * 2017-03-02 2018-09-06 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method for recognizing a gesture and an electronic device thereof
US10271773B2 (en) * 2011-07-13 2019-04-30 Seismic Holdings, Inc. System and method of biomechanical posture detection and feedback including sensor normalization

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10271773B2 (en) * 2011-07-13 2019-04-30 Seismic Holdings, Inc. System and method of biomechanical posture detection and feedback including sensor normalization
WO2013086363A2 (fr) * 2011-12-07 2013-06-13 Access Business Group International Llc Système de suivi et de modification de comportement
US20170112448A1 (en) * 2014-12-31 2017-04-27 Goertek Inc. Photoelectric type pulse signal measuring method and apparatus
US20170360316A1 (en) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-21 Qualcomm Incorporated Monolithic integrated emitter-detector array in a flexible substrate for biometric sensing
US20180253151A1 (en) * 2017-03-02 2018-09-06 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method for recognizing a gesture and an electronic device thereof

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