WO2021213501A1 - Hydrogen storage device, safety device, hydrogen storage system, temperature control system, temperature control method, and hydrogen-powered vehicle - Google Patents

Hydrogen storage device, safety device, hydrogen storage system, temperature control system, temperature control method, and hydrogen-powered vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021213501A1
WO2021213501A1 PCT/CN2021/089314 CN2021089314W WO2021213501A1 WO 2021213501 A1 WO2021213501 A1 WO 2021213501A1 CN 2021089314 W CN2021089314 W CN 2021089314W WO 2021213501 A1 WO2021213501 A1 WO 2021213501A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hydrogen storage
valve
storage device
hydrogen
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/089314
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙继胜
钱程
周婵鸣
岑健
孙祥
仄伟杰
Original Assignee
永安行科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010331602.0A external-priority patent/CN111412385A/en
Priority claimed from CN202011584613.6A external-priority patent/CN112550004A/en
Priority claimed from CN202011577473.XA external-priority patent/CN112606712A/en
Priority claimed from CN202110281408.0A external-priority patent/CN112879794A/en
Priority claimed from CN202110282544.1A external-priority patent/CN113063090B/en
Priority claimed from CN202110281391.9A external-priority patent/CN112879802A/en
Priority claimed from CN202110282525.9A external-priority patent/CN113028270B/en
Application filed by 永安行科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 永安行科技股份有限公司
Priority to DE112021001876.0T priority Critical patent/DE112021001876T5/en
Publication of WO2021213501A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021213501A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
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    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0304—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using an electric heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0631—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/015—Facilitating maintenance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
    • F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of energy equipment, in particular to a hydrogen storage device, a safety device, a hydrogen storage system, a temperature control system, and a temperature control method of a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle.
  • hydrogen storage tanks It is quite common to use hydrogen storage tanks as hydrogen storage devices. Whether it is a hydrogen fuel cell system or other products that use hydrogen fuel cells, it needs the supply of hydrogen.
  • hydrogen storage technologies can be divided into three types: high-pressure gas, liquid hydrogen, and hydrogen storage alloys.
  • the high-pressure gas storage method has higher energy, weight, and density, but is larger in size and less safe.
  • the energy, weight, and density of the liquid hydrogen storage method are relatively high, the liquefaction energy consumption is large, and an insulated storage tank must be used at the same time, which is generally suitable for large-scale storage tanks; the energy, weight, and density of the hydrogen storage alloy hydrogen storage method It can meet the basic needs of use, but the safety is relatively high.
  • hydrogen storage alloy technology mainly uses hydrogen storage tanks as hydrogen storage containers, whether it is a mobile carrier using hydrogen storage tanks or a fixed or portable power supply system. After the hydrogen storage tank is supplied with hydrogen, It needs to be supplemented with hydrogen.
  • the structure of hydrogen fuel hydrogen storage devices is not scientific and reasonable enough, and there is no suitable safety mechanism, which restricts its development and popularization.
  • the present invention provides a hydrogen storage device, a safety device, a hydrogen storage system, a temperature control system, and a temperature control method for a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle to solve the problems involved in the background art.
  • the present invention provides a hydrogen storage device, including:
  • the hydrogen storage bottle and the valve installed at the mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle;
  • the hydrogen storage bottle includes in order from the inside to the outside: an inner liner, a winding layer and an outer shell;
  • the valve is a top-opening valve and includes:
  • the valve body is set in a cap shape and is suitable for connecting with a hydrogen cylinder, and a groove is provided in the valve body;
  • a top post, the top post penetrates the valve body and is suitable for moving up and down in the valve body;
  • a ring of protrusions is provided on the upper part of the top post, and the protrusions are provided in the internal groove of the valve body;
  • the air nozzle is matched with the bottom of the top column, which is suitable for opening the air nozzle when the top column moves downward;
  • the elastic pressure ring is sleeved on the lower part of the gas nozzle, suitable for pressing the gas nozzle;
  • the center of the top column is provided with a vent hole suitable for the passage of gas
  • the top of the valve body is provided with a connecting groove.
  • the inner liner of the hydrogen storage device is a mixed material of glass fiber and aluminum.
  • the inner wall of the connecting groove of the hydrogen storage device is provided with multiple internal threads.
  • valve body groove of the hydrogen storage device is provided with a limiting ring suitable for limiting the top post.
  • the top end of the vent hole of the hydrogen storage device is provided with a filtering flow limiting device.
  • a sealing device is provided at the connection between the top pillar and the valve body of the hydrogen storage device.
  • a hydrogen storage device comprising a bottle body and a solid hydrogen storage material built in the bottle body, the hydrogen storage device further comprising:
  • the heating element extends into the bottle body and is separated from the mouth of the bottle body;
  • the electrical connection element is electrically connected to the heating element and exposed to the bottle body, connected to an external power source to receive electric energy, and supply power to the heating element, so that the heating element heats the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the heating element of the hydrogen storage device extends from the bottom of the bottle body into the bottle body along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage device;
  • the bottle body is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
  • the heating element penetrates into the tank body and is in clearance fit with the tank body to heat the bottle body, and the heat received by the bottle body is conducted to the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the length of the tank of the hydrogen storage device in the axial direction of the bottle is greater than the length of the heating element in the axial direction of the bottle, so that the heating end of the heating element and the tank are There is a heating layer between the bottom of the groove;
  • the heat generated by the heating element is also conducted to the bottle body through the heating layer.
  • the mounting end of the heating element of the hydrogen storage device has an external thread, and the slot of the groove body is provided with an internal thread; the external thread cooperates with the internal thread to fix the heating element to Inside the tank.
  • the bottom of the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device is flush with the notch of the tank body, so that the bottom of the bottle body is flat;
  • At least one anti-slip groove is formed on the bottom end surface of the bottle body, and the opening direction of the anti-slip groove is along the radial direction of the bottle body or is at a predetermined angle with the radial direction of the bottle body.
  • the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device is provided with an opening along its axial direction, and the opening is in communication with the inside of the bottle body;
  • the heating element penetrates into the bottle body from the opening and closes the opening to heat the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the heating element of the hydrogen storage device is a resistance wire, and has a built-in temperature sensor;
  • the bottle body is made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material;
  • the electrical connection element has a plug interface to receive an external power source.
  • a receiving step is provided where the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device receives the electrical connection element, and the radial width of the receiving step is greater than the radial width of the heating element;
  • the radial width of the electrical connection element matches the accommodating step, so that when the electrical connection element is installed in contact with the accommodating step, the displacement of the electrical connection element extending into the middle of the bottle body is restricted, and the The electrical connection element partially protrudes outside the bottle body.
  • Bottle body used to store solid hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen
  • the protective cover is arranged at the air outlet of the bottle body and is connected to the bottle body in a sealed manner;
  • a low-pressure air inlet or outlet is provided on one side of the protective cover and connected with the air outlet of the bottle body;
  • the identification label is set on the protective cover or the bottle body.
  • the identification tag of the hydrogen storage device is an RFID or a two-dimensional code
  • the identification tag includes at least one or more of the number of the hydrogen storage device, the date of production, the relevant parameters of the hydrogen storage device, the most recent hydrogen charging time and amount, and the amount of hydrogen storage in the hydrogen storage device. information.
  • the identification tag of the hydrogen storage device is fixedly installed inside the protective cover, and its identification area is exposed on the outside of the protective cover through a hollow or transparent area provided on the protective cover.
  • the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device is made of an aluminum alloy seamless material and/or an aluminum alloy liner, a carbon fiber wound composite material and/or a stainless steel shell.
  • the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
  • the tank body includes an inner layer and an outer layer, and a predetermined gap is left between the inner layer and the outer layer to form a first cavity, and a heating medium is installed in the first cavity.
  • a handle is installed on the bottle body or the protective cover of the hydrogen storage device, and the handle is a foldable handle.
  • the present invention also provides a safety device, which is arranged at the gas outlet of the aforementioned hydrogen storage device; the safety device is a multifunctional integrated valve;
  • the combination valve includes:
  • the connecting port is in communication with the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle, and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
  • a vent which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
  • the control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
  • the safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
  • the pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
  • the combined valve of the safety device is an integrally formed structure.
  • the combination valve of the safety device is installed at the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle; the combination valve and the hydrogen storage bottle are in an integrated connection relationship.
  • the valve body of the safety device is made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or metallic copper.
  • connection port of the safety device is provided with a pressure sensor, and an automatic trigger device is installed on the safety valve for starting the safety valve.
  • the air vent of the safety device is connected with a sealed joint
  • the sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
  • the first joint When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
  • the first joint of the safety device includes: a first body part hermetically connected to the vent, a second body part hermetically connected to the second joint, and a seal is provided in the second body part.
  • the elastic member is in an energy storage state, so that the sealing gas nozzle has a tendency to remain closed.
  • the second joint of the safety device includes: a third body part hermetically connected to the second body part; a fourth body part hermetically connected to the stack gas pipeline, and is arranged inside the third body part There is a top column, and the top column is a hollow pipe;
  • the top column pushes up the sealing gas nozzle, forcing the sealing gas nozzle to open, forming a passage, and supplying hydrogen to the gas supply pipeline of the stack through the hollow pipe.
  • the first joint and the second joint of the safety device are connected by a buckle or a fastener.
  • the present invention also provides a hydrogen storage system, including a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device described above;
  • the safety device adopts the structure of the aforementioned safety device.
  • the safety device of the hydrogen storage system is a multifunctional integrated combination valve
  • the combination valve includes:
  • the connecting port is in communication with the gas outlet of the bottle body and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
  • a vent which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
  • the control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
  • the safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
  • the pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
  • the air vent of the hydrogen storage system is connected with a sealing joint, passes through the protective cover, and is exposed to the protective cover to form a low-pressure air outlet;
  • the sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
  • the first joint When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
  • Another technical solution of the hydrogen storage system of the present invention includes a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the aforementioned hydrogen storage device structure;
  • the safety device is a multifunctional integrated combined valve
  • the combination valve includes a valve body, which is arranged at the mouth of the bottle body;
  • the valve body includes:
  • An air inlet valve which is connected to the bottle mouth, and transmits hydrogen gas into the bottle body
  • An inflation valve connected to the intake valve, unidirectionally receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the intake valve;
  • a pressure regulating valve which controls the air pressure in the valve body
  • An outlet valve which is connected to the inlet valve, receives hydrogen and is connected to a stack, and provides 15-50kpa of hydrogen to the stack;
  • Another hydrogen storage system of the present invention includes a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device as described above;
  • It includes a bottle body, at least one filtering device, a combined valve arranged outside the gas outlet of the bottle body, and a solid hydrogen storage material evenly distributed in the bottle body; the safety device is a multifunctional integrated valve.
  • the integrated valve of the hydrogen storage system includes:
  • a valve body, at least one first interface and at least one second interface are provided on the valve body;
  • a control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first interface and the second interface path
  • a safety valve connected with the first interface, to control the internal pressure and/or temperature of the bottle to be within a predetermined range
  • a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the first interface and the second interface passage, and controls the output air pressure of the valve body.
  • the integrated valve of the hydrogen storage system includes:
  • a valve body provided with at least one first interface, at least one second interface, and at least one third interface;
  • a control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first interface and the second interface passage and/or the first interface and the third interface passage
  • a safety valve connected with the first interface, to control the internal pressure and/or temperature of the bottle to be within a predetermined range
  • a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the first interface and the third interface passage, and controls the output air pressure of the valve body.
  • the first interface of the hydrogen storage system is connected to the outside of the gas outlet of the bottle body;
  • a one-way valve embedded or partially embedded in the valve body is provided on the second interface;
  • a pressure maintaining valve is arranged on the first port, the second port or the passage between the first port and the second port in the valve body.
  • a sealing joint is externally connected to the third interface of the hydrogen storage system
  • the sealed joint includes: a first joint connected to the third interface, and a second joint connected to the stack;
  • the first joint When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
  • a diversion tube is arranged inside the bottle body of the hydrogen storage system, and the diversion tube is installed on the central axis of the bottle body and fixed along the diversion tube at a predetermined interval and a predetermined included angle.
  • a plurality of screens are installed to divide the bottle body into a plurality of first cavities in which solid hydrogen storage materials are stored;
  • a vent hole communicating with at least the second cavity is provided on the draft tube
  • the draft tube of the hydrogen storage system is a mesh or hole-shaped metal tube
  • the metal conduit is made of one of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or metallic copper.
  • the included angle between the screen and the guide tube of the hydrogen storage system is the same as the inclination angle at which the hydrogen storage device is installed;
  • an identification label is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the hydrogen storage device of the hydrogen storage system, and the setting direction of the identification label is opposite to the direction of the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device;
  • the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is judged by the identification tag.
  • the integrated valve of the hydrogen storage system includes:
  • the connecting port is connected with the gas outlet of the bottle body, and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
  • a vent which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
  • the control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
  • the safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
  • the pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
  • the vent of the hydrogen storage system is connected with a sealed joint
  • the sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
  • the first joint When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
  • the bottle body of the hydrogen storage system is made of an aluminum alloy seamless material and/or an aluminum alloy liner, a carbon fiber wound composite material and/or a stainless steel material shell.
  • the bottle body of the hydrogen storage system is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
  • the tank body includes an inner layer and an outer layer, and a predetermined gap is left between the inner layer and the outer layer to form a first cavity, and a heating medium is installed in the first cavity.
  • the heating medium of the hydrogen storage system includes at least one of water, silicon oil, and heat transfer oil.
  • the bottle body and the combined valve of the hydrogen storage system have an integrated connection structure.
  • a handle is installed on the bottle body or protective cover of the hydrogen storage system.
  • the handle of the hydrogen storage system is a foldable handle.
  • Another hydrogen storage system of the present invention includes a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device as described above;
  • the safety device is detachably connected to the top of the valve body of the hydrogen energy-assisted vehicle safety hydrogen storage device; the electric control device is connected to the safety device through a low-voltage connector and an adapter.
  • the bottom of the safety device of the hydrogen storage system is provided with an air inlet connector suitable for connection with the valve body; the outer wall of the air inlet connector is provided with an external thread matching the internal thread of the connecting groove; the air inlet connector It is an undercut type; the air inlet connector is suitable for pushing the top post to open the air nozzle.
  • the safety device of the hydrogen storage system includes a body; the body is provided with an air inlet channel connected to an air inlet connector; the body is also provided with a high-pressure connector interface, a high-pressure pressure transmitter interface, and a safety Valve interface, manual valve interface, primary pressure reducing valve interface, and secondary pressure reducing valve interface; a low pressure output interface is provided on one side of the secondary pressure reducing valve interface; a high pressure connector is installed on the high pressure connector interface; the pressure The transmitter interface is equipped with a pressure transmitter; the safety valve interface is equipped with a safety valve; the manual valve interface is equipped with a manual valve; the first-level pressure-reducing valve interface is equipped with a first-level pressure-reducing valve; the second-level pressure-reducing valve The interface is equipped with a secondary pressure reducing valve; the air intake passage is connected to the low pressure output interface through a high pressure connector, a pressure transmitter, a safety valve, a manual valve, a primary pressure reducing valve, and a secondary pressure reducing valve in sequence.
  • the high-pressure connector of the hydrogen storage system is arranged at the bottom of the body; the pressure transmitter is arranged at the upper part of the high-pressure connector; the safety valve is arranged at the upper part of the pressure transmitter; the manual valve is arranged at the upper part of the safety The valve is adjacent to the side of the body; the first-stage pressure reducing valve is arranged on the side of the body opposite to the safety valve; the second-stage pressure reducing valve is arranged on the top of the body.
  • the present invention also provides a temperature control system for a hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage device comprising a bottle body and a valve body provided at the gas outlet of the bottle body, characterized in that:
  • the temperature control system also includes temperature monitoring equipment and heating equipment;
  • the temperature monitoring device is arranged in the hydrogen storage device to monitor the temperature in the bottle and form a temperature signal including the current temperature;
  • the heating device heats the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device based on an activation instruction
  • the temperature control system further includes:
  • the temperature control module is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device and the heating device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, The temperature control module generates the activation instruction, and sends the activation instruction to the heating device.
  • the temperature control module of the temperature control system includes:
  • a temperature comparison circuit electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a temperature threshold
  • the heating control circuit is electrically connected to the temperature comparison circuit and the heating device, receives the comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit and generates the activation instruction;
  • the temperature control module further includes a heating protection circuit, which is electrically connected between the heating control circuit and the heating device, and monitors the working state of the temperature control module to conduct or cut off the heating control circuit to the heating device. Heating link.
  • the temperature control module of the temperature control system further includes a clock unit, which is electrically connected to the heating control circuit, and adds clock information to the activation instruction, wherein the clock information includes the heating time t;
  • the heating time t is calculated based on the following formula:
  • t (temperature threshold-current temperature)*time threshold/temperature threshold difference, where the temperature threshold difference and the time threshold are prestored based on a test temperature and test time.
  • the temperature control module when the current temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold after the heating time t, the temperature control module generates the activation instruction again, and sends the activation instruction to the Heating equipment
  • the temperature control module compares the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold with a preset difference, and when the current The difference between the temperature and the temperature threshold is greater than the preset difference, and a disconnection instruction is sent to the heating device within the heating time t in advance.
  • the temperature monitoring device of the temperature control system is a temperature sensor, which is fixed in the bottle body and connected with the valve body;
  • the heating device is in the shape of a belt and is surrounded by the outside of the bottle, or
  • the heating device extends into the bottle body, and the temperature monitoring device is fixed on the heating device;
  • An end of the heating device is provided with a plug-in interface
  • the temperature control module has an electrical connector
  • the electrical connector is inserted into the plug-in interface to connect with the heating device.
  • the present invention also provides a temperature control method for a hydrogen storage device, which includes the following steps:
  • the temperature monitoring device provided in the hydrogen storage device monitors the temperature in the hydrogen storage device and forms a temperature signal including the current temperature
  • a temperature control module is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature The control module generates an activation instruction;
  • a heating device receives the activation instruction and heats the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device.
  • the present invention also provides a hydrogen-powered vehicle, including a motor and a stack connected to the motor, the stack is connected to the aforementioned hydrogen storage device; the aforementioned safety device is adopted.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the user can obtain the relevant information of the hydrogen storage device through the scanning device; on the other hand, the user can judge the directionality of the hydrogen storage device by the direction of the identification tag , To ensure that the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device meets the requirements.
  • the solid hydrogen storage material is stored in a low-pressure manner with high safety.
  • a heating element can be used to heat the solid hydrogen storage material to improve the hydrogen desorption performance. It is suitable for the use of hydrogen fuel electric bicycles in extreme weather. .
  • the combined valve is designed by combining multiple functional valves, which has a reasonable design structure, high integration, good safety performance and long service life. It further simplifies the pipeline layout of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, reduces the possibility of intertwining the pipelines, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.
  • the first joint is in a disconnected state during transportation or replacement of the hydrogen storage device, and the air outlet of the combined valve is automatically closed, which improves the air tightness of the combined valve and further reduces hydrogen leakage quantity.
  • the protective cover and the valve body are combined to form a safety combination valve, which can be used for the safety management and control of gas leakage.
  • the design structure is reasonable, the integration is high, the safety performance is good, and the service life is long.
  • Low-pressure hydrogen storage tank is used as hydrogen source, which can realize low-pressure and high-density hydrogen storage and high-purity hydrogen supply, which can be reused, safe, economical, and has good adaptability.
  • the heating process is controllable, and the heating time is intelligently adjusted, which can improve the discharge efficiency of low-pressure hydrogen under safe use scenarios.
  • the present invention simplifies the structure by providing a top-opening valve mechanism and a resilient and protective structure while ensuring safety; the installation of a vertical z-type air nozzle can effectively increase the sealing area of the air nozzle and increase the sealing performance , To further increase safety.
  • the present invention restricts the movement of the top column by setting a limit ring to ensure the stability of the device.
  • the present invention further ensures the safety of the device by installing a filtering and current limiting device.
  • a thread matching the valve body connecting groove is arranged at the bottom of the safety device to ensure quick and convenient connection and safe and stable connection.
  • connection is convenient, fast and safe by providing an inverted concave air inlet joint structure suitable for pushing the top column.
  • the present invention ensures that the high-pressure hydrogen can be reduced to the rated output pressure by setting high-pressure connectors, pressure transmitters, safety valves, manual valves, primary pressure reducing valves, and secondary pressure reducing valves to meet the requirements of safe use.
  • the present invention forms a hydrogen storage system by forming a hydrogen storage device and a safety device, and sets the hydrogen storage system as a separately replaceable component, which makes the replacement of the hydrogen storage system more convenient and quick, and reduces the cost while ensuring safety. .
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage device and its wiring structure in the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage device and the protective cover of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety device in the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the safety device in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the handle in the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen storage bottle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of another preferred embodiment of the hydrogen storage bottle of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a second structural diagram of a hydrogen storage bottle according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a diagram of the installation state of the hydrogen storage bottle of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the combined valve in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the sealing joint in the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a partial enlarged view of the elastic member in the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a structural diagram of a valve body in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen storage device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a security device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a front sectional view of Figure 19;
  • Figure 21 is a left sectional view of Figure 19;
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the hydrogen supply mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature control system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 24 is a schematic flowchart of a temperature control method in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is the intention of the hydrogen storage device and its wiring structure in the prior art; various functional valves 400 in the prior art are used as independent bodies, one end is connected to the bottle body 120 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected through a pipeline
  • the multi-stage pressure reducing valve is then connected with the electric stack 300 to realize the hydrogen charging, decompression and hydrogen output of the hydrogen storage bottle body, and the hydrogen supply of the electric stack, which leads to the complicated and intertwined pipelines of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle. Winding increases the difficulty of later maintenance.
  • the present invention provides a low-pressure safe hydrogen storage device, including: a bottle body, a combination valve arranged on the gas outlet of the bottle body, and a built-in valve
  • the solid hydrogen storage material of the bottle body there is an integrated connection structure between the bottle body and the combined valve, instead of pipeline connection or line connection, and the factory directly performs integrated installation and production according to design requirements.
  • the connection The structure includes, but is not limited to, threaded fitting, clamping fitting, welding and other fixed connection methods, so that the hydrogen storage bottle and the combined valve form a closed cavity.
  • a solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the closed cavity.
  • the solid hydrogen storage material After the solid hydrogen storage material is heated, it will provide hydrogen to the stack through a combined valve at a pressure of 15-65kpa, so that when not in use, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is relatively high. Small (low-pressure hydrogen storage in the general sense), and will not cause harm to users.
  • the combined valve is a multifunctional integrated valve, and the combined valve includes: a valve body, a connecting port, an inflation port, an air outlet, a control valve, a safety valve, and a pressure regulating valve;
  • the gas outlet of the bottle body is connected to transmit hydrogen into the valve body;
  • the gas filling port is connected to the connection port to receive hydrogen in one direction and is transmitted to the connection port;
  • the gas outlet is connected to the connection port to receive hydrogen and be connected To a stack, and provide 15-65kpa of hydrogen to the stack, it should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without affecting the realization of its function, the gas filling port and the gas outlet are combined Two is one;
  • the control valve is set at the connection point of the inflation port, the air outlet and the connecting port, and controls the opening and closing of the connecting port and the inflating port passage, the connecting port and the air outlet passage;
  • the safety valve and the connecting point The connecting port is connected to ensure that the internal pressure of the bottle body is controlled in a low pressure range
  • the combined valve By combining multiple functional valves to design a combined valve, the combined valve has a reasonable design structure, high integration, good safety performance, and long service life. It further simplifies the pipeline layout of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, reduces the possibility of intertwining the pipelines, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.
  • a sealing joint with a shut-off function is included.
  • the sealing joint includes two parts: a first joint and a second joint; wherein, the first joint is connected to the air outlet, and the second joint is connected to the electrical outlet through a pipeline.
  • the stack is connected for gas supply to the stack.
  • the first joint When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a shut-off function to form an open circuit to avoid hydrogen leakage; when the second joint is plugged into the first joint, a passage is formed and connected through a pipeline To the stack, hydrogen is provided to the stack; by connecting the sealing joint at the valve port of the gas outlet, when the hydrogen storage device is transported or replaced, the first joint is in a disconnected state, and the gas outlet of the combined valve is automatically closed, which improves the combination The air tightness of the valve further reduces the leakage of hydrogen.
  • the bottle body includes an inner liner, a winding layer, and an outer shell in turn from the inside to the outside;
  • the bottle body is made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material, with a volume of 1000-5000ml, Compared with common steel cylinders, the weight can be reduced by 40%-70%. At the same time, it has the characteristics of high safety, easy to carry, and the aluminum alloy has unique corrosion resistance characteristics after oxidation.
  • the hydrogen storage device in order to realize that the hydrogen storage device can store hydrogen at low pressure, the hydrogen storage device further includes a heating element and an electrical connection element.
  • the setting of the heating element can make the hydrogen storage device pre-store the solid hydrogen storage material, the stored solid hydrogen storage material can be less, or the stored hydrogen can be liquid hydrogen, hydrogen storage powder, etc., and the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle can be controlled at 1 Within the low pressure range of -3MPa, the pressure of hydrogen supplied to the stack via the combined valve regulator is 15-65kpa.
  • the heating element heats the internal solid hydrogen storage material, due to the increase in the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material and the closure of the hydrogen storage device, the pressure of the internal solid hydrogen storage material gradually increases and vaporizes into hydrogen until it can be used.
  • the range therefore, can be used in high-pressure use scenarios.
  • the heating element will extend from the bottom of the bottle body to the middle of the bottle body along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage device (that is, the length direction), and the extension length is limited, which is not the same as the entire axial direction of the hydrogen storage device. After the element is extended, its farthest end, which can be said to be the heating end, is separated from the bottle mouth of the bottle body, which does not hinder the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device from transferring solid hydrogen storage materials.
  • the above-mentioned heating element extends into the hydrogen storage device, and it is not limited to extend into the inside of the hydrogen storage device.
  • the heating element when the hydrogen storage device has an irregular shape, the heating element will extend into the outer center of the bottle, and when the hydrogen storage device has a regular shape, the heating element can extend into the inside of the bottle, or the heating element can be partially deep.
  • the other part extends into the inside of the bottle body. Through contact conduction or radiation conduction, the heat is generated and transferred to the solid hydrogen storage material, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • a tank recessed toward the inside of the bottle body is provided on the bottle body for placing the tank body heating element.
  • the tank body includes an inner layer and an outer layer.
  • a first cavity is formed between the inner layer and the outer layer.
  • a heating medium is installed in the first cavity.
  • the heating medium includes, but is not limited to, water and silicone oil. , Heat conduction oil, as a conductive medium and also as a heat insulating medium, heat the hydrogen storage device and the solid hydrogen storage material by configuring the heat conduction path to make the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material more stable and safe.
  • the heating medium is preferably water; because water has a higher specific heat capacity, the heating process is smoother, so that the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material is more stable and safer.
  • the hydrogen storage device also includes an electrical connection element, which is electrically connected to the heating element and exposed to the bottle body.
  • the energy source of the heating element comes from the electrical connection element.
  • the electrical connection element is connected to an external power source. After power on, the external power source transmits electrical energy to the electrical connection element, and then the electrical connection element transmits electrical energy to the heating element.
  • the heating element receives After the electrical energy is generated, the electrical energy is converted into heat, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material and increasing the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device.
  • the hydrogen storage device also includes a cooling element.
  • the cooling element is used as an emergency protection element to reduce the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage device in the event of continuous high temperature or fire, so as to quickly cool the solid hydrogen storage material, and control the The internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is maintained in the low pressure range of 1-3MPa to achieve temperature relief and improve the safety performance of the hydrogen storage bottle; specifically, when the temperature reaches the threshold, the command is triggered and sent to the cooling element, based on the command Start the cooling element to cool the hydrogen storage bottle.
  • the cooling element can take various forms such as physical cooling (for example, a circulating refrigeration system) or chemical cooling.
  • the cooling element is preferably a chemical cooling, including at least one endothermic reactant, the endothermic reactant is an endothermic effect caused in response to a trigger; for example, when the temperature reaches a threshold, the ammonium salt, Nitrate dissolves in water, triggers an endothermic reaction, and achieves a cooling effect.
  • the hydrogen storage device further includes a protective cover for protecting the air outlet and the combined valve of the hydrogen storage device; an identification label, such as an RFID/two-dimensional code, is printed on one side of the protective cover; Since the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is unique, the printing direction of the identification label in the present invention is the same as the standard placement direction of the hydrogen storage device. The user can judge the directionality of the hydrogen storage device through the direction of the identification tag to ensure that the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device meets the requirements.
  • an identification label such as an RFID/two-dimensional code
  • the hydrogen storage device 100 includes: a bottle body 120, a tank body 121, a heating layer 122, a non-slip groove 123, an opening 124, a receiving step 125, a first cavity 121a, an inner layer 121b, an outer layer 121c, a heating element 126, and electrical connections Element 127; safety device 200, a combination valve, including valve body 230, connecting port 231, inflation port 232, safety valve 233, pressure regulating valve 234, air outlet 235, control valve 236, valve body 237; cooling element 150, The second cavity 151, the trigger partition 152, the sealing joint 240, the first joint 2410; the protective cover 160, the protective cover body 161, the identification tag 162, the low pressure air outlet 163; the handle 170, the installation groove 171, the handle 172 , Chute 173, connecting rod 174.
  • the heating element 126 does not extend into the inside of the bottle 120, that is, the heating method of the heating element 126 to the solid hydrogen storage material is indirect conduction heating instead of direct contact heating .
  • the bottle body 120 is provided with a groove body 121 along its axial direction.
  • the groove body 121 can be formed by the bottom of the bottle body 120 extending toward the inside of the bottle body 120.
  • the irregular shape is the tank body 121. Therefore, the tank body 121 and the inside of the bottle body 120 are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body 120, so that the tank body 121 is separated from the inside of the bottle body 120, and the tank body 121 is still connected to the bottle body 120.
  • the external space is connected.
  • the tank body has a double-layer structure, including an inner layer 121b and an outer layer 121c.
  • a predetermined gap is left between the inner layer 121b and the outer layer 121c to form a closed first cavity 121a.
  • a heating medium is installed in the first cavity 121a as a conductive medium and as a heat insulating medium. The hydrogen storage device and the solid hydrogen storage material are heated by configuring the heat conduction path to make the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material more stable. ,Safety.
  • the heating element 126 With the groove body 121, the heating element 126 will penetrate into the groove body 121 and be in clearance fit with the groove body 121, that is, the outer surface of the heating element 126 is in close contact with the inner wall of the groove body 121, and heat is generated in the heating element 126 After that, the heating element 126 first needs to heat the heating medium, then heat the bottle body 120, and then conduct heat from the bottle body 120 to the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the heating medium is preferably water; since water has a higher specific heat capacity, the heating process is smoother, which can slow down the heating efficiency of the solid hydrogen storage material, but can more accurately control the heating temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the cooperation between the heating element 126 and the groove body 121 is not limited to that every side of the heating element 126 is in clearance fit with the inside of the groove body 121. It can also be that the outer surface of the heating element 126 is toothed or wave-shaped, the tooth-shaped high part or wave-shaped wave crest is in contact with the tank 121 for conduction, and the tooth-shaped low part or wave-shaped wave trough is in contact with the tank 121. There is also an air layer between the inner walls. The air layer is both a heat insulation layer and a conductive layer. The heat generated by the heating element 126 can be indirectly transferred to the bottle body 120 through the air layer. At the same time, the total heat transfer of the heating element 126 can be controlled. quantity.
  • the heating end of the heating element 126 away from the electrical connection element 127 does not directly contact the tank 121.
  • the length of the tank 121 in the axial direction of the bottle body 120 is greater than the length of the heating element 126 in the axial direction of the bottle body 120.
  • the heating layer 122 is similar to the above-mentioned air layer.
  • the heat of the heating element 126 is conducted to the bottle body 120 through the heating layer 122 to prevent Excessive heating of the solid hydrogen storage material. That is to say, after the heating layer 122 is provided, it serves as both a conductive medium and a heat insulating medium, which slightly controls the heating efficiency of the heating element 126 to the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material is more stable and safer.
  • the hydrogen storage device further includes a cooling element 150.
  • the cooling element 150 is arranged inside or on one side of the first cavity 121a, and is separated from the first cavity 121a by a trigger partition 152 to form a second cavity 151.
  • At least one endothermic reactant is stored inside 151.
  • the endothermic reactant is ammonium salt and nitrate.
  • the trigger partition 152 is triggered to open, connects the second cavity 151 and the first cavity 121a, triggers the endothermic reactant, mixes ammonium salt, nitrate and water to cause absorption
  • the thermal effect reduces the temperature of the heating medium, thereby cooling the bottle body and the solid hydrogen storage material, lowering the temperature in the bottle body, and realizing temperature pressure relief.
  • the trigger partition 152 may be a baffle made of a material that is automatically fused at a high temperature, or a valve that is automatically opened by a high temperature trigger.
  • the valve includes, but is not limited to, a magnetically controlled switch.
  • a magnetic material with a suitable Curie point is selected as the controller.
  • the magnetic material can be a neodymium iron boron magnet.
  • the magnetic material turns into paramagnetism. , Plays the role of magnetic isolation, automatically opens the partition, connects the second cavity 151 and the first cavity 121a, and triggers the cooling element 150; on the contrary, the trigger partition 152 always maintains an isolated state.
  • Automatic triggering of the cooling element 150 is realized through material characteristics without obtaining temperature information, which improves the response time of the cooling element 150, reduces the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage device, and controls the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device to maintain a low pressure range of 1-3 MPa.
  • the installation end of the heating element 126 When the heating element 126 is installed, the installation end of the heating element 126 has an external thread, and the slot of the groove body 121 is provided with an internal thread; the external thread and the internal thread are matched to fix the heating element 126 in the groove body 121.
  • the bottom of the bottle body 120 is flush with the notch of the tank body 121, so that the bottom of the bottle body 120 is flat.
  • the hydrogen storage device 100 is placed, the bottom of the bottle body 120 can be directly attached to the placement surface.
  • at least one anti-slip groove 123 is provided on the bottom end surface of the bottle body 120.
  • the opening direction of the anti-slip groove 123 is along the radial direction of the bottle body 120 or is at a predetermined angle with the radial direction of the bottle body 110.
  • the non-slip grooves 123 are arranged obliquely or have a plurality of preset angles to generate friction in different directions, thereby further enhancing the anti-slip effect.
  • the heating element 126 is a resistance wire with a built-in temperature sensor, or the temperature sensor is placed outside the resistance wire to detect the temperature of the resistance wire, so that the user can monitor the heating process of the heating element 126 in real time.
  • the electrical connection element 127 has a plug-in interface, and an external power source is inserted into the plug-in interface to receive power.
  • the bottle body 120 is provided with a receiving step 125 where the electrical connection element 127 is received.
  • the radial width of the receiving step 125 is greater than the radial width of the heating element 126, and the heating element 126 can penetrate from the receiving step 125.
  • the radial width of the electrical connection element 127 matches the receiving step 125, so that when the electrical connection element 127 is installed in contact with the receiving step 125, as the heating element 126 extends, the electrical connection element 127 will be blocked by the receiving step 125.
  • the displacement that can extend into the middle of the bottle body 120 is restricted by the receiving step 125, and the electrical connection element 127 partially protrudes from the bottle body 120, which is convenient for the user to plug in an external power source.
  • the accommodating step 125 can be equipped with an additional design that is fixedly connected to the electrical connection element 127, such as a snap-in type, a threaded type, etc., to further stabilize the installation relationship between the heating element 126 and the bottle body 120 and prevent internal solid hydrogen storage After the material pressure increases, the heating element 126 is ejected from the problem.
  • an additional design that is fixedly connected to the electrical connection element 127, such as a snap-in type, a threaded type, etc.
  • the electrical connection element 127 may not protrude from the bottle body 120, for example, is slightly recessed at the receiving step 125 or flush with the receiving step 125.
  • an additional sealing end can be provided at the accommodating step 125.
  • the sealing end is sealed to the accommodating step 125, and the electrical The connecting element 127 is hidden inside and is only opened when needed.
  • the hydrogen storage system further includes a safety device 200 using a combination valve, which is arranged at the bottle mouth of the bottle body 120;
  • the combination valve includes: a valve body 230;
  • the gas outlet of the bottle body is connected to transmit hydrogen gas into the valve body 230;
  • the gas filling port 232 is connected to the connecting port 231 to receive hydrogen in one direction and is transmitted to the connecting port 231;
  • the gas outlet 235 is connected to the connecting port 231
  • the port 231 communicates, receives hydrogen and connects to an electric stack, and provides hydrogen to the electric stack;
  • a control valve 236 is set at the connection point of the charging port 232, the gas outlet 235 and the connection port 231 to control the connection The opening and closing of the passage between the port 231 and the inflation port 232, the connection port 231 and the air outlet 235;
  • the safety valve 233 is connected to the connection port 231 to ensure that the internal pressure of the bottle is controlled within the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
  • the pressure valve 234
  • the combined valve By combining multiple functional valves to design a combined valve, the combined valve has a reasonable design structure, high integration, good safety performance, and long service life. It further simplifies the pipeline layout of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, reduces the possibility of intertwining the pipelines, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.
  • the inflation port 232 and the air outlet 235 are combined into one to form a vent, and a two-way valve is provided on the passage between the vent and the connection port 231.
  • the The two-way valve ensures the one-way flow of hydrogen from the vent to the connection port 231; during the gas outlet process, the two-way valve ensures the one-way flow of hydrogen from the connection port 231 to the vent.
  • two vent pipes are provided between the vent and the connection port 231, and the two vent pipes are respectively provided with one-way valves, and one one-way valve ensures the supply of gas to the stack,
  • a one-way valve ensures inflation into the bottle.
  • the sealing joint 240 has a flow shutoff function
  • the sealing joint 2400 includes a first joint 2410 and a second joint; wherein, the first joint 2410 is connected to the air outlet 235, and the second joint 2410 is connected to the air outlet 235.
  • the joint is connected to the stack through a pipeline for gas supply to the stack.
  • the first connector 2410 When the first connector 2410 and the second connector are in a disconnected state, the first connector 2410 has the function of intercepting the flow to form a circuit to avoid hydrogen leakage; when the second connector is plugged into the first connector 2410, a passage is formed and passes The pipeline is connected to the stack and supplies hydrogen to the stack; by connecting the sealing joint 240 at the valve port of the gas outlet 235, when the hydrogen storage device is transported or replaced, the first joint 2410 is in a disconnected state and the gas outlet is automatically closed 235. Improve the air tightness of the combined valve and further reduce the leakage of hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen storage device further includes a protective cover 160
  • the protective cover 160 includes a protective cover body 161 installed at the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle, and sealedly connected with the bottle body;
  • the cover body 161 and the combined valve are an integrated structure. On the one hand, it is used to protect the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device and the combined valve.
  • the protective cover body 161 is combined with the combined valve to form a safety combined valve, which can be used for gas Safety control of leakage; an identification tag 162, such as an RFID/two-dimensional code, is printed on one side of the protective cover body 161, and a sealing joint 240 is passed through the protective cover body on the other side of the protective cover body 161 161.
  • the printing direction of the identification label 162 is the same as the standard installation direction of the hydrogen storage device. The user can judge the directionality of the hydrogen storage device through the direction of the identification tag 162 to ensure that the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device meets the requirements.
  • the user When using the aforementioned identification tag 162, the user obtains the tag ID of the RFID/two-dimensional code associated with the hydrogen storage device through the scanning device, and then transmits it to the service terminal through the communication unit to obtain relevant information of the hydrogen storage device, including but It is not limited to the following information: the number of the hydrogen storage device, the date of production, the relevant parameters of the hydrogen storage device, the most recent hydrogen charging time and amount, and the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device. It should be noted that the above information is updated in real time as the hydrogen storage device is processed, transported, and used.
  • the identification tag 162 is fixedly installed inside the protective cover, and its identification area is exposed on the outer side of the protective cover body 161 through a hollow or transparent area provided on the protective cover body 161.
  • the identification and information update of the identification device Based on the above design, the user can only disassemble or install the identification label 162 on the premise of opening the protective cover body 161.
  • the identification label 162 cannot be displayed on the outside of the protective cover. Perform installation and removal. Therefore, it has better stability, and prevents the identification tag 162 from falling off caused by human factors or natural factors.
  • a handle 170 is installed on the bottle body 120 or the protective cover body 161, and the handle 170 is a foldable handle 170.
  • the handle includes: The mounting groove 171 inside the bottle shell or externally connected to the housing has a handle 172 hinged at one end to the top of the mounting groove 171, and an axial sliding groove 173 is provided at the other end of the handle 172 , And a connecting rod 174 whose one end is hinged to the bottom of the mounting groove 171 and the other end is clamped on the sliding groove 173.
  • the handle 170 When using the handle 170, the user only needs to pull out the bottom of the handle 172, and the connecting rod moves downward, so that there is a space between the handle 172 and the installation groove 171 to form the handle 170. Conversely, when the handle 170 is not needed, only the handle 172 needs to be placed in the installation groove 171, which greatly reduces the occupied space of the hydrogen storage device 100, and improves the performance of the hydrogen storage device during bulk transportation. Transportation efficiency. It should be noted that the exemplary installation of the handle 170 outside the bottle body 120 in FIG. 7 cannot be understood as a restriction on the installation position of the handle 170. For those skilled in the art, the handle 170 can be installed The bottle body 120, the protective cover 161 or other convenient fixed positions.
  • the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle includes a motor and a stack connected to the motor.
  • the stack is further connected to the hydrogen storage device to receive the discharged hydrogen, thereby using Hydrogen pressure generates electricity.
  • the hydrogen storage device includes a bottle body and a valve body arranged at the gas outlet of the bottle body. After the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device is heated, the hydrogen pressure of 15-50kpa is provided to the stack through the valve body pressure regulator.
  • the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device is low (low-pressure hydrogen storage in a general sense), which will not cause harm to users, and the storage can be liquid hydrogen, hydrogen powder, etc.
  • the hydrogen storage device can be heated.
  • the temperature control system also includes temperature monitoring equipment and heating equipment.
  • the temperature monitoring equipment is located in the hydrogen storage device, for example, it can At the same position of the pressure valve for pressure monitoring of the device, a temperature sensor is fixedly installed to be used as a temperature monitoring device.
  • a temperature monitoring device When the temperature monitoring device is working, it will monitor the temperature in the cylinder of the hydrogen storage device, that is, directly monitor the solid hydrogen storage in real time.
  • the temperature of the material, for the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material the temperature monitoring device generates a temperature signal, which carries the current temperature information of the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the heating device can be installed in the hydrogen storage device or outside the hydrogen storage device. When working, it can directly or indirectly heat the solid hydrogen storage material, for example, when the heating device is installed outside the hydrogen storage device.
  • the heat generated by the heating device is first transferred to the bottle body and will be conducted to the solid hydrogen storage material; when the heating device is placed inside the bottle body, the heat generated by the heating device will be directly radiated or transferred to the solid hydrogen storage material. Thereby increasing the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material. Due to the closed nature of the hydrogen storage device, when the quality is constant, the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material will also increase, that is, it will transform from a low pressure state to a high pressure state.
  • the temperature control system also includes a temperature control module, which is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device and the heating device, and the temperature signal formed by the temperature monitoring device will be sent to the temperature control module.
  • a temperature threshold is pre-stored, and the temperature threshold reflects the expected operating temperature of the hydrogen storage device, or the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material at the expected hydrogen release rate.
  • the temperature control module compares the current temperature with the temperature threshold.
  • the temperature control module will generate an activation command and send it to the heating device. Based on the activation command, the heating device will start working to heat the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device, and the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material will rise. After high, the hydrogen release rate will be increased to meet the requirements of normal use.
  • the temperature control module includes a temperature comparison circuit, a heating control circuit, and a heating protection circuit.
  • the temperature comparison circuit is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, and the above temperature threshold value (which can be a specific value or data range) is stored in it, and it will receive the temperature signal and compare the current temperature with the temperature threshold; the heating control circuit compares with the temperature The circuit and the heating device are electrically connected.
  • the comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit such as the current temperature is greater than the temperature threshold, the current temperature is equal to the temperature threshold, the current temperature is less than the temperature threshold, etc.
  • the comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit will be sent to the heating control circuit, and based on the different comparison results, different For example, when the current temperature is greater than the temperature threshold or the current temperature is equal to the temperature threshold, it means that the hydrogen discharge rate in the hydrogen storage device is sufficient.
  • the activation command will be generated; the heating protection circuit is set in the heating control circuit Between the heating device and the heating device, the working status of the entire temperature control module will be monitored. When the temperature control module fails, such as open circuit, short circuit, etc., the heating link from the heating control circuit to the heating device will be cut off to protect the heating device.
  • the heating time t can also be set to a fixed value. During the set heating time t, the activation of the heating device will be maintained. After the heating time t is completed, the activation will end.
  • a weight value can also be added. The weight value adjusts the heating time t according to the used scene (regional information, seasonal information, etc.), so as to adjust the heating time t at any time according to different usage conditions.
  • the heating state will be adjusted in real time.
  • the monitoring result of the hydrogen storage device by the temperature monitoring device is the updated current
  • the temperature control module will generate an activation instruction again and send the activation instruction to the heating device to control the heating device to continue working. It is understandable that if the current temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold under heating again, repeat the above steps until the current temperature is higher than or equal to the temperature threshold; if it is within the heating time t, that is, the current temperature is higher than the temperature during the heating process.
  • the temperature threshold indicates that the heat provided by the heating process is sufficient.
  • the temperature control module calculates the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold, and compares the difference with a preset difference pre-stored in the temperature control module.
  • the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold is greater than the preset difference, and the disconnection command is sent to the heating device in advance of the heating time t, that is, the heating effect has been met during the heating time t, and not only is it just met, and If there is some redundancy, the heating process will be ended early.
  • the temperature monitoring device is a temperature sensor, which is fixed in the bottle body and connected to the valve body. At the same time, it can be arranged in the same position as the pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the hydrogen storage device.
  • the heating device is in the shape of a belt and is enclosed on the outside of the bottle body. Or in other preferred embodiments, the heating device extends into the bottle to heat the hydrogen storage device, while the temperature monitoring device is fixed on the heating device and is integrally formed with the heating device (the heating device itself is a heating component with temperature monitoring equipment) or The temperature monitoring equipment is installed on the heating equipment.
  • the end of the heating device is provided with a plug-in interface, and the temperature control module has an electrical connector.
  • the electrical connector is inserted into the plug-in interface to connect with the heating device.
  • the heating device converts the electrical energy into heat energy.
  • the electrical connector further includes a heat conduction element, and the residual heat of the temperature monitoring device will be transferred to the heating device through the heat conduction element.
  • the heat compensation mechanism can further save energy.
  • a temperature control method for a hydrogen storage device including the following steps:
  • the temperature monitoring device provided in the hydrogen storage device monitors the temperature in the hydrogen storage device, and forms a temperature signal including the current temperature;
  • a temperature control module which is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives a temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature control module generates an activation instruction;
  • a heating device receives the activation instruction and heats the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device.
  • a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle including the temperature control system as described above, and the hydrogen storage device is connected to the battery stack control module of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle to supply electricity to the battery.
  • the stack control unit provides hydrogen
  • the battery electric push control unit is connected to the lithium battery pack to deliver electric energy to the lithium battery, and the lithium battery provides the function of the booster
  • the battery stack control unit is also connected to the booster control unit, and the booster control unit controls the inner lock of the booster
  • the working state of the motor, and the control logic of the working state is generated by the battery stack control unit.
  • the battery stack control unit can also provide thermal energy to the temperature control system, that is, the waste heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack compensates the heat to the temperature monitoring device, saving energy.
  • the hydrogen storage bottle 180 of the hydrogen storage device 100 includes: a bottle body 181, a plurality of filter devices 183, a combination valve arranged outside the air outlet of the bottle body 181, and The solid hydrogen storage material evenly distributed on the bottle body 181; the filter device 183 can be arranged inside the bottle body gas outlet and the bottom of the combined valve connection port, mainly used to isolate the solid hydrogen storage material, compared to those skilled in the art ,
  • the installation position of the above-mentioned filtering device is not limited to the above-mentioned two places.
  • the safety device 200 is a multifunctional combined valve.
  • connection structure between the bottle body 181 and the combined valve, rather than a pipeline connection or a line connection, and is directly installed and produced in an integrated manner by the factory according to the design requirements.
  • the connection structure includes, but is not limited to, threaded fitting and clamping.
  • the fixed connection methods such as solid fitting and welding make the hydrogen storage device and the combined valve form a closed cavity.
  • a solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the enclosed cavity. After the solid hydrogen storage material is heated, it will provide hydrogen to the stack through a combined valve at a pressure of 15-50kpa, so that when not in use, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device is relatively high. Small (low-pressure hydrogen storage in the general sense), and will not cause harm to users.
  • the connecting port 231 is a two-way valve, one end of which is connected to the hydrogen storage bottle 180; the charging port 232 is a one-way valve, when the charging port 232 is connected to an external gas source, it can only be connected to the external gas source.
  • the gas source circulates to the hydrogen storage bottle 180 in one direction, but cannot flow from the hydrogen storage bottle 180, ensuring the airtightness of the safety device 200;
  • the gas outlet 235 is a pressure maintaining valve or a one-way valve, or when A pressure-maintaining valve is arranged on the connection port and the air outlet path. When the pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle 180 is greater than the external pressure, the air outlet 235 is in the path state.
  • the sealing joint has a shut-off function, and the sealing joint includes a first joint 2410 and a second joint; wherein, the first joint 2410 is connected to the air outlet 235, and the second joint passes through a pipe
  • the circuit is connected to the stack 300 for gas supply to the stack 300.
  • the first connector 2410 When the first connector 2410 and the second connector are in a disconnected state, the first connector 2410 has a shut-off function to form an open circuit and avoid hydrogen leakage; when the second connector is plugged into the first connector 2410, a passage is formed and passes through The pipeline is connected to the stack 300 to provide hydrogen to the stack 300; by connecting a sealed joint at the valve port of the gas outlet 235, when the hydrogen storage bottle 180 is transported or replaced, the first joint 2410 is in a disconnected state and is automatically closed for safety
  • the air outlet of the device 200 improves the air tightness of the safety device 200, further reduces the amount of hydrogen leakage, and reduces the removal and installation of the skin tube.
  • the safety device 200 is an integrally formed structure, which has better sealing performance and structural stability. And the safety device 200 is installed at the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle 180; the safety device 200 and the hydrogen storage bottle 180 are in an integrated connection relationship instead of pipeline connection or line connection, which is directly carried out by the factory according to the design requirements Integrated production and installation, the connection structure includes, but is not limited to, threaded fitting, clamping fitting, welding and other fixed connection methods, so that the hydrogen storage bottle 180 and the safety device 200 form a closed cavity. A solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the enclosed cavity.
  • the solid hydrogen storage material After the solid hydrogen storage material is heated, it will provide hydrogen to the stack through the safety device 200 at a pressure of 15-50kpa, so that when not in use, the inside of the hydrogen storage bottle 180 Low pressure (low-pressure hydrogen storage in the general sense) will not cause harm to users.
  • the bottle body 181 includes an inner liner, a winding layer, and an outer shell in order from the inside to the outside;
  • the bottle body 181 is made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material, and has a volume of 1000 ⁇ 5000ml, compared with common steel cylinders, the weight can be reduced by 40%-70%.
  • it has the characteristics of high safety, easy to carry, and the aluminum alloy has unique corrosion resistance characteristics after oxidation.
  • the bottle body 181 is provided with a diversion tube 182, and the diversion tube 182 is installed on the central axis of the bottle body 181 and along the diversion tube 182.
  • a plurality of screens 184 are fixedly installed according to a predetermined interval and a predetermined included angle, and the bottle body 181 is divided into a first cavity 185 and a second cavity 186.
  • the filter holes of the screen 184 are larger than the particle size of the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the first cavity 185 and the second cavity 186 are arranged at intervals in sequence, and the volume of the first cavity 185 is larger than that of the The volume of the second cavity 186; the solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the first cavity 185, and the volume occupied by the solid hydrogen storage material is 60% to 90% of the volume of the entire first cavity 185;
  • a plurality of elastic spheres 187 are placed in the second cavity 186, the diameter of the elastic sphere 187 is smaller than the height of the second cavity 186, and the guide tube 182 is provided with at least communicating with the second cavity
  • the guide tube 182 is a mesh metal tube, and the metal conduit is made of one of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, or metallic copper.
  • the solid hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen, and the hydrogen flows from a high pressure to a low pressure.
  • the first container, the screen 184, the second cavity 186, the vent, the draft tube 182, and the filter device 183 pass through the connection port 231. Enter the safety device 200.
  • the draft tube can also increase the thermal conductivity and heat exchange efficiency of the hydrogen storage material, provide good heat exchange conditions for the absorption and release of hydrogen, reduce the cost of hydrogen absorption and release, and have better heat exchange effects and lower Labor costs.
  • the solid hydrogen storage material by spreading the solid hydrogen storage material on the first cavity 185, the accumulation of the solid hydrogen storage material is avoided, and the contact area between the hydrogen gas and the solid hydrogen storage material is increased, no matter in the hydrogen charging process.
  • the hydrogen storage device since the hydrogen storage device is generally installed obliquely on a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, referring to FIG. 10, the hydrogen storage device is installed obliquely on the support frame; due to the oblique placement of the hydrogen storage device, the solid hydrogen storage material Slippage will occur, and it will eventually accumulate on the side of the bottle body 181 close to the oblique direction, reducing the specific surface area of the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the included angle between the screen 184 and the guide tube 182 is the same as the inclination angle at which the hydrogen storage device is installed, ensuring that the installation direction of the screen 184 is parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the solid hydrogen storage material By placing the screen 184 horizontally, the solid hydrogen storage material can be laid flat on the screen 184, which increases the specific surface area of the solid hydrogen storage material, and can realize hydrogen charging and degassing faster and more, and give full play to the solid state. Hydrogen storage performance of hydrogen storage materials.
  • the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is unique. Therefore, an identification label is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the hydrogen storage device.
  • the direction of the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device is opposite, that is, the direction of the hydrogen storage device is opposite to the oblique direction; the user can determine the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device by identifying the direction of the tag to ensure the storage
  • the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen device meets the requirements to avoid accumulation of solid hydrogen storage materials and give full play to the hydrogen storage performance of solid hydrogen storage materials.
  • the identification tag can be an identification tag 162, a handle 170 or other accessories with a significant identification function; the identification tag 162 is, for example, an RFID/two-dimensional code.
  • the hydrogen storage device further includes a protective cover 160 installed at the mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle 180 to protect the gas outlet and the combined valve of the hydrogen storage device;
  • An identification label 162 such as an RFID/two-dimensional code, is printed on one side of the protective cover 160.
  • the gas port is conveniently connected to the second joint to provide low-pressure hydrogen for the stack; because the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is unique, the printing direction of the identification label 162 in the present invention is the same as that of the storage device.
  • the standard installation direction of the hydrogen device is the same. The user can determine the directionality of the hydrogen storage device through the direction of the identification tag 162 to ensure that the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device meets the requirements.
  • the user When using the aforementioned identification tag 162, the user obtains the tag ID of the RFID/two-dimensional code associated with the hydrogen storage device through the scanning device, and then transmits it to the service terminal through the communication unit to obtain relevant information of the hydrogen storage device, including but It is not limited to the following information: the number of the hydrogen storage device, the date of production, the relevant parameters of the hydrogen storage device, the most recent hydrogen charging time and amount, and the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device. It should be noted that the above information is updated in real time as the hydrogen storage device is processed, transported, and used.
  • the identification tag 162 is fixedly installed on the inside of the protective cover 160, and its identification area is exposed on the outside of the protective cover 160 through a hollow area provided on the protective cover 160, and is used to identify the device. And information updates. Based on the above design, the user can only remove or install the identification tag 162 under the premise of opening the protective cover 160. When the protective cover 160 is installed on the bottle body 181, the identity can not be viewed from the outside of the protective cover 160. The identification tag 162 is installed and removed. Therefore, it has better stability, and prevents the identification tag 151 from falling off caused by human factors or natural factors.
  • a handle 170 is installed on the bottle body 181 or the protective cover 160, and the handle 170 is a foldable handle 170.
  • the handle 170 includes:
  • the mounting groove 171 inside the shell of the bottle body 181 or externally connected to the housing has a handle 172 hinged at one end to the top of the mounting groove 171, and an axial slide is provided at the other end of the handle 172.
  • a slot 173 and a connecting rod 174 whose one end is hinged to the bottom of the mounting slot 171 and the other end is clamped on the sliding slot 173.
  • the handle 170 When using the handle 170, the user only needs to pull out the bottom of the handle 172, and the connecting rod 174 moves downward, so that there is a space between the handle 172 and the installation groove 171, forming the handle 170 . Conversely, when there is no need to use the handle 170, only the handle 172 needs to be placed in the installation groove 171, which greatly reduces the occupied space of the hydrogen storage device, and improves the transportation of the hydrogen storage device during the batch transportation. efficient. It should be noted that the exemplary installation of the handle 170 outside the bottle body 181 in FIGS. 9 and 10 cannot be understood as a restriction on the installation position of the handle 170. For those skilled in the art, the handle 170 It can be installed in the bottle body 181, the protective cover 160 or other convenient fixed positions.
  • At least one non-slip groove 188 is provided on the bottom end surface of the bottle body 181, and the opening direction of the non-slip groove 188 is along the radial direction of the bottle body 181 or is in line with the radial direction of the bottle body 181.
  • a predetermined angle such as an oblique setting, or a plurality of anti-skid grooves 188 at a predetermined angle, can generate friction in different directions, thereby further enhancing the anti-skid effect.
  • the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle includes a motor and a stack connected to the motor.
  • the stack is further connected to the hydrogen storage device to receive the discharged hydrogen, thereby using Hydrogen pressure generates electricity.
  • two vent pipes are provided between the vent and the connection port 231, and the two vent pipes are respectively provided with one-way valves, and one one-way valve ensures air supply To the stack, a one-way valve guarantees inflation into the cylinder.
  • the vent pipeline in the valve body the external connection interface of the combined valve is reduced, so that the valve body has a high degree of integration, a reasonable and compact structure, and a light weight, thereby reducing the risk of gas leakage.
  • the air outlet of the air outlet 235 is connected with a sealing joint;
  • the sealing joint has a flow blocking function, and the sealing joint includes a first joint 2410 and a second joint 2420;
  • the first connector 2410 is connected to the gas outlet 235, and the second connector 2420 is connected to the stack 300 through a pipeline for supplying gas to the stack 300.
  • the first connector 2410 When the first connector 2410 and the second connector 2420 are in a disconnected state, the first connector 2410 has the function of shutting off, forming an open circuit and avoiding hydrogen leakage; when the second connector 2420 is plugged into the first connector 2410, a passage is formed, It is connected to the stack 300 through a pipeline to provide hydrogen to the stack 300; by connecting a sealing joint at the valve port of the gas outlet 235, the first joint 120 is in a disconnected state and automatically closed when the hydrogen storage is transported or replaced.
  • the air outlet of the safety device (combined valve) 200 improves the air tightness of the combined valve, further reduces the amount of hydrogen leakage, and at the same time quickly and easily replace the hydrogen storage.
  • the first connector 2410 includes a first body portion 2411 that is hermetically connected to the air outlet 235, and a second body portion 2412 that is hermetically connected to the second connector 2420.
  • the second body portion 2412 is provided with a sealing gas nozzle 2413, and an elastic member 2414 arranged outside the sealing gas nozzle 2413; due to the energy storage of the elastic member 2414, the sealing gas nozzle 2413 has a tendency to remain closed.
  • annular first lip 2415 and a second lip 2416 are provided on the outer surface of the first body portion 2411, and a predetermined gap is left between the first lip 2415 and the second lip 2416,
  • the first body portion 2411 is inserted into the air outlet of the air outlet 235, since the first lip 2415, the second lip 2416 and the air outlet of the air outlet 235 are in transitional fit, and the A cavity is formed between the first lip 2415 and the second lip 2416, that is, a first sealed cavity 2417.
  • the air outlet of the air outlet 235 and the first body portion 2411 are sealed and connected.
  • the sealing gas nozzle 2413 shown includes: a fixed portion 2413a fixedly connected to the second body portion 2412, a bent portion 2413b connected to the fixed portion 2413a and inclined along the central axis of the first joint 2410, and The sealing portion 2413c connected to the bending portion 2413b; and the sealing gas nozzle 2413 is an integrally formed structure.
  • an annular elastic member 2414 is provided between the sealing portion 2413c and the first body portion 2411. The position of the elastic member 2414 is restricted between the sealing portion 2413c and the first body portion 2411, and can be fixedly installed. The placement of or the fixing by the limiting member 2434 ensures that the position of the elastic member 2414 will not relatively slip.
  • the sealing gas nozzle 2413 has a tendency to remain closed.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the elastic member 2414 is "W", one end of which abuts against the first body portion 2411, and the other end abuts against the sealing portion 2413c.
  • the elastic member 2414 accumulates energy, so that the sealed gas nozzle 2413 has a tendency to remain closed and can undergo a certain deformation.
  • the outer surface of the elastic member 2414 is coated with a A layer of flexible protective material, so the elastic member 2414 can also function as a sealing ring, especially when the elastic member 2414 is deformed, the sealing effect can be greatly enhanced.
  • the second connector 2420 includes: a third body portion 2421 for sealingly connecting with the second body portion 2412; a fourth body portion 2422 that is sealedly connected to the stack gas supply pipeline, and is arranged at the The top post 2423 that is inside the third body portion 2421 and protrudes outward and is in clearance fit with the fixing portion 2413a, and the top post 133 is a hollow pipe; when the second joint 2420 is inserted into the first joint 2410 The top post 2423 pushes up the sealed gas nozzle 2413, forcing the sealed gas nozzle 2413 to open, forming a passage, and supplying hydrogen to the gas supply pipeline of the stack through the hollow pipe.
  • annular third lip 2424 and a fourth lip 2425 are provided on the outer surface of the third body portion 2421, and a predetermined gap is left between the third lip 2424 and the fourth lip 2425,
  • the third lip 2424, the fourth lip 2425 and the inner surface of the second body portion 122 are in transitional fit and A cavity is formed between the third lip 2424 and the fourth lip 2425, that is, a second sealed cavity 2426.
  • a groove portion 2418 with a triangular cross-sectional shape is provided inside the second body portion 2412, and an insert body 2427 that matches the recess is provided on the outer edge of the third body.
  • the cavity 2426 realizes a sealed connection between the second joint 2420 and the first joint 2410.
  • first joint 2410 is always connected to the combined valve, so the air-tightness of the connection between the air outlet 235 and the first body portion 2411 is particularly important. Therefore, when the first joint 2410 is installed on the combination valve, an annular ring is provided on the outside of the air outlet 235 at a position that is aligned with the first lip 2415 and the second lip 2416.
  • a locking member 2432 is installed on the annular groove 2431, and the annular groove 2431 and the locking member 2432 are in transitional fit, thereby enhancing the degree of closure of the sealing gas nozzle 2413, so The transitional fit between the first lip 2415, the second lip 2416 and the air outlet of the air outlet 235 further improves the sealing performance of the connection between the air outlet of the air outlet 235 and the first body portion 2411.
  • the sealing gas nozzle 2413 has a backward force on the top column 2423, so during the gas transmission process, the connection stability of the sealing joint becomes particularly It's important. Therefore, a buckle or fastener is provided between the first joint 2410 and the second joint 2420 to ensure the stability of the connection between the first joint 2410 and the second joint 2420.
  • a plurality of raised points 2433 are provided on the outer surface of the top post 2423, and an annular stop 2434 corresponding to the raised points 2433 is provided on the fixing portion 2413a;
  • control valve 236 adjusts the control valve 236 to connect the air outlet 235 and the connection port 231, and then connect a negative pressure device to the connection port 231 to vacuum the hydrogen storage bottle to activate the solid hydrogen storage material inside the hydrogen storage bottle; then adjust The control valve 236 is connected to the charging port 232 and the connecting port 231, and then a hydrogen device is connected to the charging port 232 to realize hydrogen charging;
  • the second joint 2420 is connected to the first joint 2410, and the top post 2423 pushes up the sealing gas nozzle 2413, forcing the sealing gas nozzle 2413 to open to form a passage, and then adjust the control valve 236, Connect the gas outlet 235 and the connection port 231, and then connect a stack gas supply pipeline to the gas outlet 235 to supply gas to the hydrogen equipment;
  • the safety valve 233 is automatically triggered to open, and the safety valve 233 is connected to the connection port 231 to realize automatic pressure relief.
  • the hydrogen storage device includes a bottle body and a solid hydrogen storage material built in the bottle body.
  • the bottle body includes an inner liner, a winding layer and an outer shell in turn from the inside to the outside;
  • the bottle body Made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material, the volume is 1000 ⁇ 5000ml, compared with common steel cylinders, the weight can be reduced by 40% -70%, and it has the characteristics of high safety and easy to carry.
  • aluminum alloy has unique corrosion resistance after oxidation.
  • the hydrogen storage device can store hydrogen at low pressure
  • the hydrogen storage device also includes a heating element and an electrical connection element.
  • the heating element is set up so that when the hydrogen storage device pre-stores the solid hydrogen storage material, the stored solid hydrogen storage material can be less, or the stored hydrogen storage powder, etc., control the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device to 1-
  • the pressure of hydrogen supplied to the stack through the valve body pressure regulator is 15-50kpa.
  • the heating element will extend from the bottom of the bottle body to the middle of the bottle body along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage device (that is, the length direction), and the extension length is limited, which is not the same as the entire axial direction of the hydrogen storage device.
  • its farthest end which can be said to be the heating end, is separated from the bottle mouth of the bottle body, which does not hinder the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device from transferring solid hydrogen storage materials.
  • the above-mentioned heating element extends into the hydrogen storage device, and it is not limited to extend into the inside of the hydrogen storage device.
  • the heating element when the hydrogen storage device has an irregular shape, the heating element will extend into the outer center of the bottle, and when the hydrogen storage device has a regular shape, the heating element can extend into the inside of the bottle, or the heating element can be partially deep.
  • the other part extends into the inside of the bottle body. Through contact conduction or radiation conduction, the heat is generated and transferred to the solid hydrogen storage material, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the hydrogen storage device also includes an electrical connection element, which is electrically connected to the heating element and exposed to the bottle body.
  • the energy source of the heating element comes from the electrical connection element.
  • the electrical connection element is connected to an external power source. After power on, the external power source transmits electrical energy to the electrical connection element, and then the electrical connection element transmits electrical energy to the heating element.
  • the heating element receives After the electrical energy is generated, the electrical energy is converted into heat, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material and increasing the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device.
  • the installation method of the heating element is different.
  • the heating element 130 does not extend into the inside of the bottle body 120, that is, the heating method of the heating element 130 to the solid hydrogen storage material is indirect conduction heating instead of direct contact heating.
  • the bottle body 120 is provided with a groove body 121 along its axial direction.
  • the groove body 121 can be formed by the bottom of the bottle body 120 extending toward the inside of the bottle body 120.
  • the irregular shape is the tank body 121. Therefore, the tank body 121 and the inside of the bottle body 120 are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body 120, so that the tank body 121 is separated from the inside of the bottle body 120, and the tank body 121 is still connected to the bottle body 120.
  • the external space is connected.
  • the heating element 130 With the tank body 121, the heating element 130 will penetrate into the tank body 121 and be in clearance fit with the tank body 121, that is, the outer surface of the heating element 130 is in close contact with the inner wall of the tank body 121, and heat is generated in the heating element 130 Then, the heating element 130 will directly heat the bottle body 120, and then the bottle body 120 will conduct heat to the solid hydrogen storage material. In this heating mode, the heating efficiency of the solid hydrogen storage material can be slowed down, but the heating temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material can be controlled more accurately.
  • the cooperation between the heating element 130 and the tank body 121 is not limited to that each side of the heating element 130 is in clearance fit with the inside of the tank body 121. It can also be that the outer surface of the heating element 130 is tooth-shaped or wave-shaped, the tooth-shaped high part or wave-shaped wave crest is in contact with the tank 121 for conduction, and the tooth-shaped low part or wave-shaped wave trough is in contact with the tank 121. There is also an air layer between the inner walls. The air layer is both a heat insulation layer and a conductive layer. The heat generated by the heating element 130 can be indirectly transferred to the bottle body 120 through the air layer. At the same time, the total heat transfer of the heating element 130 can be controlled. quantity.
  • the heating end of the heating element 130 away from the electrical connection element 140 does not directly contact the tank 121.
  • the length of the tank 121 in the axial direction of the bottle body 120 is greater than the length of the heating element 130 in the axial direction of the bottle body 120.
  • the heating layer 122 is similar to the above-mentioned air layer.
  • the heat of the heating element 130 is conducted to the bottle body 120 through the heating layer 122 to prevent Excessive heating of the solid hydrogen storage material. That is to say, after the heating layer 122 is provided, it serves as both a conductive medium and a heat insulating medium, which slightly controls the heating efficiency of the heating element 130 to the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material is more stable and safer.
  • the installation end of the heating element 130 has an external thread, and the slot of the groove body 121 is provided with an internal thread; the external thread and the internal thread are matched to fix the heating element 130 in the groove body 121.
  • the bottom of the bottle body 120 is flush with the notch of the tank body 121, so that the bottom of the bottle body 120 is flat.
  • the hydrogen storage device 100 is placed, the bottom of the bottle body 120 can be directly attached to the placement surface.
  • at least one anti-slip groove 123 is provided on the bottom end surface of the bottle body 110.
  • the opening direction of the anti-slip groove 123 is along the radial direction of the bottle body 1120 or is at a predetermined angle with the radial direction of the bottle body 120.
  • the non-slip grooves 123 are arranged obliquely or have a plurality of preset angles to generate friction in different directions, thereby further enhancing the anti-slip effect.
  • the heating element 130 directly contacts the solid hydrogen storage material. Therefore, an opening 124 is provided in the bottle body 120 in the axial direction, and the opening 124 communicates the internal space of the bottle body 120 with the external space.
  • the heating element 130 can penetrate into the bottle body 120 from the opening 124 and close the opening 124 to prevent the solid hydrogen storage material from overflowing. At the same time, the heating element 130 heats the solid hydrogen storage material after being powered on.
  • the mounting end of the heating element 130 has an external thread, and the opening 124 is provided with an internal thread; the external thread and the internal thread cooperate to fix the heating element 130 into the bottle body 120.
  • the heating element 130 is a resistance wire with a built-in temperature sensor, or the temperature sensor is placed outside the resistance wire to detect the temperature of the resistance wire, so that the user can monitor the heating process of the heating element 130 in real time.
  • the electrical connection element 140 has a plug-in interface, and an external power source is inserted into the plug-in interface to receive power.
  • the bottle body 120 is provided with a receiving step 135 where the electrical connection element 140 is received.
  • the radial width of the receiving step 125 is greater than the radial width of the heating element 130, and the heating element 130 can penetrate from the receiving step 125.
  • the radial width of the electrical connection element 140 matches the receiving step 125, so that when the electrical connection element 140 is installed in contact with the receiving step 125, as the heating element 130 extends, the electrical connection element 140 will be blocked by the receiving step 125.
  • the displacement that can extend into the middle of the bottle body 120 is restricted by the receiving step 125, and the electrical connection element 140 partially protrudes from the bottle body 120, which is convenient for the user to plug in an external power source.
  • the accommodating step 125 can be equipped with an additional design that is fixedly connected to the electrical connection element 140, such as a snap-in type, a threaded type, etc., to further stabilize the installation relationship between the heating element 130 and the bottle body 120, and prevent internal solid hydrogen storage After the pressure of the material is increased, the heating element 130 is ejected from the problem.
  • an additional design that is fixedly connected to the electrical connection element 140, such as a snap-in type, a threaded type, etc.
  • the electrical connection element 140 may not protrude from the bottle body 120, for example, is slightly recessed at the receiving step 125 or flush with the receiving step 115.
  • an additional sealing end can be provided at the accommodating step 125.
  • the sealing end is sealed to the accommodating step 125, and the electrical The connecting element 140 is hidden inside and is only opened when needed.
  • the safety device 200 includes a valve body 220, which is arranged at the bottle mouth of the bottle body 120; the valve body 220 includes: an air inlet valve 221, which communicates with the bottle mouth and transmits hydrogen gas into the bottle body 120; 222, communicating with the inlet valve 221, receiving hydrogen in one direction and transmitting it to the inlet valve 221; safety valve 223; pressure regulating valve 224, controlling the air pressure in the valve body 220; outlet valve 225, communicating with the inlet valve 221, receiving The hydrogen is connected to a stack, and 15-50kpa of hydrogen is provided to the stack; the valve 226 is manually switched on and off.
  • the hydrogen energy moped includes a motor and a stack connected to the motor.
  • the stack is further connected to the hydrogen storage device to receive the discharged hydrogen, thereby using the hydrogen pressure Generate electrical energy.
  • the hydrogen storage device includes a bottle body and a valve body arranged at the gas outlet of the bottle body. After the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device is heated, the hydrogen pressure of 15-50kpa is provided to the stack through the valve body pressure regulator.
  • the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device is low (low-pressure hydrogen storage in a general sense), which will not cause harm to users, and the storage can be liquid hydrogen, hydrogen powder, etc.
  • the hydrogen storage device can be heated.
  • the temperature control system also includes temperature monitoring equipment and heating equipment.
  • the temperature monitoring equipment is located in the hydrogen storage device, for example, it can At the same position of the pressure valve for pressure monitoring of the device, a temperature sensor is fixedly installed to be used as a temperature monitoring device.
  • a temperature monitoring device When the temperature monitoring device is working, it will monitor the temperature in the cylinder of the hydrogen storage device, that is, directly monitor the solid hydrogen storage in real time.
  • the temperature of the material, for the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material the temperature monitoring device generates a temperature signal, which carries the current temperature information of the solid hydrogen storage material.
  • the heating device can be installed in the hydrogen storage device or outside the hydrogen storage device. When working, it can directly or indirectly heat the solid hydrogen storage material, for example, when the heating device is installed outside the hydrogen storage device.
  • the heat generated by the heating device is first transferred to the bottle body and will be conducted to the solid hydrogen storage material; when the heating device is placed inside the bottle body, the heat generated by the heating device will be directly radiated or transferred to the solid hydrogen storage material. Thereby increasing the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material. Due to the closed nature of the hydrogen storage device, when the quality is constant, the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material will also increase, that is, it will transform from a low pressure state to a high pressure state.
  • the temperature control system also includes a temperature control module, which is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device and the heating device, and the temperature signal formed by the temperature monitoring device will be sent to the temperature control module.
  • a temperature threshold is pre-stored, and the temperature threshold reflects the expected operating temperature of the hydrogen storage device, or the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material at the expected hydrogen release rate.
  • the temperature control module compares the current temperature with the temperature threshold.
  • the temperature control module will generate an activation command and send it to the heating device. Based on the activation command, the heating device will start working to heat the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device, and the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material will rise. After high, the hydrogen release rate will be increased to meet the requirements of normal use.
  • the temperature control module includes a temperature comparison circuit, a heating control circuit, and a heating protection circuit.
  • the temperature comparison circuit is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, and the above temperature threshold value (which can be a specific value or data range) is stored in it, and it will receive the temperature signal and compare the current temperature with the temperature threshold; the heating control circuit compares with the temperature The circuit and the heating device are electrically connected.
  • the comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit such as the current temperature is greater than the temperature threshold, the current temperature is equal to the temperature threshold, the current temperature is less than the temperature threshold, etc.
  • the comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit will be sent to the heating control circuit, and based on the different comparison results, different For example, when the current temperature is greater than the temperature threshold or the current temperature is equal to the temperature threshold, it means that the hydrogen discharge rate in the hydrogen storage device is sufficient.
  • the activation command will be generated; the heating protection circuit is set in the heating control circuit Between the heating device and the heating device, the working status of the entire temperature control module will be monitored. When the temperature control module fails, such as open circuit, short circuit, etc., the heating link from the heating control circuit to the heating device will be cut off to protect the heating device.
  • the heating time t can also be set to a fixed value. During the set heating time t, the activation of the heating device will be maintained. After the heating time t is completed, the activation will end.
  • a weight value can also be added. The weight value adjusts the heating time t according to the used scene (regional information, seasonal information, etc.), so as to adjust the heating time t at any time according to different usage conditions.
  • the heating state will be adjusted in real time.
  • the monitoring result of the hydrogen storage device by the temperature monitoring device is the updated current
  • the temperature control module will generate an activation instruction again and send the activation instruction to the heating device to control the heating device to continue working. It is understandable that if the current temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold under heating again, repeat the above steps until the current temperature is higher than or equal to the temperature threshold; if it is within the heating time t, that is, the current temperature is higher than the temperature during the heating process.
  • the temperature threshold indicates that the heat provided by the heating process is sufficient.
  • the temperature control module calculates the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold, and compares the difference with a preset difference pre-stored in the temperature control module.
  • the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold is greater than the preset difference, and the disconnection command is sent to the heating device in advance of the heating time t, that is, the heating effect has been met during the heating time t, and not only is it just met, and If there is some redundancy, the heating process will be ended early.
  • the temperature monitoring device is a temperature sensor, which is fixed in the bottle body and connected to the valve body. At the same time, it can be arranged in the same position as the pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the hydrogen storage device.
  • the heating device is in the shape of a belt and is enclosed on the outside of the bottle body. Or in other preferred embodiments, the heating device extends into the bottle to heat the hydrogen storage device, while the temperature monitoring device is fixed on the heating device and is integrally formed with the heating device (the heating device itself is a heating component with temperature monitoring equipment) or The temperature monitoring equipment is installed on the heating equipment.
  • the end of the heating device is provided with a plug-in interface, and the temperature control module has an electrical connector.
  • the electrical connector is inserted into the plug-in interface to connect with the heating device.
  • the heating device converts the electrical energy into heat energy.
  • the electrical connector further includes a heat conduction element, and the residual heat of the temperature monitoring device will be transferred to the heating device through the heat conduction element.
  • the heat compensation mechanism can further save energy.
  • a temperature control method for a hydrogen storage device including the following steps:
  • the temperature monitoring device provided in the hydrogen storage device monitors the temperature in the hydrogen storage device, and forms a temperature signal including the current temperature;
  • a temperature control module which is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives a temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature control module generates an activation instruction;
  • a heating device receives the activation instruction and heats the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device.
  • a hydrogen energy moped including the temperature control system described above, and the hydrogen storage device is connected to the battery stack control module of the hydrogen energy moped to control the battery stack
  • the unit provides hydrogen
  • the battery electric propulsion control unit is connected to the lithium battery pack, and delivers electric energy to the lithium battery, from the lithium battery to the booster function
  • the battery stack control unit is also connected to the booster control unit, and the booster control unit controls the inner lock and motor of the booster
  • the control logic of the working state is generated by the battery stack control unit.
  • the battery stack control unit can also provide thermal energy to the temperature control system, that is, the waste heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack compensates the heat to the temperature monitoring device, saving energy.
  • a safe hydrogen storage device 100 for a hydrogen energy moped including: a hydrogen storage bottle 110 and a valve installed at the mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle; wherein, the hydrogen storage bottle 110 includes from the inside to the outside: an inner liner 111, a winding The layer 112 and the outer shell 113; the inner liner 111 is a mixed material of glass fiber and aluminum with a volume of 1000-5000 ml; the winding layer 112 is a carbon fiber winding layer.
  • the valve is a top-opening valve, including: a valve body 114, a top post 115, a spring 116, a gas nozzle 117 and an elastic pressurizing ring 118; wherein the valve body is set in a cap shape and is suitable for connecting with the hydrogen cylinder 110, and the inside of the valve body 114 There is a groove; the valve body can be fixedly connected to the hydrogen cylinder or can be detachably connected; the valve body 114 is provided with a limit ring suitable for limiting the top column 115 to ensure the stability of the device.
  • the top of the valve body 114 is provided with a connecting groove, and the inner wall of the connecting groove is provided with multiple internal threads.
  • the top post 115 penetrates the valve body 115 and is suitable for moving up and down in the valve body 114.
  • the top post 115 and the valve body 114 are connected with sealing devices; the top post 115 is provided with a ring of protrusions; the protrusions are provided on the valve body 114 Inside the internal groove; the center of the top column 115 is provided with a vent hole suitable for gas to pass through; the top of the vent hole is provided with a filter flow limiting device 115-1, the filter flow limiting device 115-1 is suitable for pressure ⁇ 35MPa; the bottom of the top column 115 Cooperating with the air nozzle 117, the top post 115 is suitable for opening the air nozzle 117 when it moves downward.
  • One end of the spring 116 is convexly connected with the top post 115, which is suitable for providing upward movement force for the top post 115, and the other end is provided with a gasket 116-1; the gasket 116-1 is suitable for connecting with the valve body 114; the gas nozzle 117
  • the upper part of the gas nozzle 117 is provided with a rotating shaft, which is suitable for opening and closing of the gas nozzle 117;
  • the vertical Z-type air nozzle can effectively increase the contact area of the air nozzle 117 and increase the sealing performance;
  • the elastic pressurizing ring 118 is sleeved under the air nozzle 117 and is suitable for pressing the air nozzle 117.
  • a hydrogen energy assisted vehicle hydrogen supply system adopting the above hydrogen energy assisted vehicle safety hydrogen storage device, comprising a hydrogen energy assisted vehicle hydrogen storage device, a safety device and an electric control device; wherein the safety device is detachably connected to the valve of the hydrogen energy assisted vehicle hydrogen storage device The top of the body 2; the electric control device is connected to the safety device through a low-voltage linker and an adapter.
  • the bottom of the safety device 200 is provided with an air inlet connector suitable for connection with the valve body 114, and the outer wall of the air inlet connector is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the connecting groove of the valve body 114; the air inlet connector is an undercut type ; The air inlet connector is adapted to push the top column 115 to open the gas nozzle 117.
  • the safety device includes the body; the body is provided with an air inlet channel connected to the air inlet connector; the body is also provided with a high-pressure connector interface, a high-pressure pressure transmitter interface, a safety valve interface, a manual valve interface, and a first-stage pressure reducing valve interface Interface with secondary pressure reducing valve; low pressure output interface 210 is installed on one side of secondary pressure reducing valve interface; high pressure connector 211 is installed on high pressure connector interface; pressure transmitter 212 is installed on pressure transmitter interface; safety valve is installed on safety valve interface 213; manual valve interface is installed with manual valve 215; first-stage pressure-reducing valve interface is installed with first-stage pressure-reducing valve 214; second-stage pressure-reducing valve interface is installed with two-stage pressure reducing valve 216; The transmitter 212, the safety valve 213, the manual valve 215, the primary pressure reducing valve 214 and the secondary pressure reducing valve 216 are in communication with the low pressure output interface 210.
  • the high-pressure connector 211 is arranged at the bottom of the body; the pressure transmitter 212 is arranged on the upper part of the high-pressure connector 211; the safety valve 213 is arranged on the upper part of the pressure transmitter 212; the manual valve 215 is arranged on the side of the body adjacent to the safety valve 213; The primary pressure reducing valve 14 is arranged on the side of the body opposite to the safety valve 213; the secondary pressure reducing valve 216 is arranged on the top of the body.
  • the safety device 200 is threadedly connected to the connecting groove of the valve body 114.
  • the bottom joint of the safety device pushes the top post 115 to open the gas nozzle 117, and the hydrogen passes through the high pressure connector 211 and the pressure
  • the transmitter 212, the safety valve 213, the manual valve 215, the primary pressure reducing valve 214 and the secondary pressure reducing valve 216 finally reach the low-pressure output interface 210.
  • the low-pressure output interface 210 is equipped with an electric control device to control the on and off of hydrogen. .
  • the manual valve is closed and the hydrogen storage device is rotated in reverse.
  • the gas nozzle 117 is closed under the pressure of the elastic pressure ring 118 to ensure that the residual gas does not leak.

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Abstract

Provided are a hydrogen storage device, a safety device, a hydrogen storage system, a temperature control system, a temperature control method, and a hydrogen-powered vehicle, which belong to the field of energy apparatuses. The hydrogen storage device (100) comprises a bottle body (120); the safety device (200) is an integrated valve; the hydrogen storage system comprises the hydrogen storage device (100) and the safety device (200); and the temperature control system is used for temperature control of the hydrogen storage device (100). The hydrogen storage device has a scientific and reasonable structure and is suitable for use in hydrogen-powered vehicles.

Description

储氢装置、安全装置、储氢系统、温控系统、温控方法及氢动力车Hydrogen storage device, safety device, hydrogen storage system, temperature control system, temperature control method and hydrogen powered vehicle 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于能源设备领域，尤其是一种氢燃料电动自行车的储氢装置、安全装置、储氢系统、温控系统、温控方法。The invention belongs to the field of energy equipment, in particular to a hydrogen storage device, a safety device, a hydrogen storage system, a temperature control system, and a temperature control method of a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle.
背景技术Background technique
以储氢罐作为氢气的储存装置，已是相当的普遍，无论是氢能燃料电池系统或应用氢能燃料电池的其他产品，都是需要氢气的供应。目前氢气储存的技术主要可分为高压气体、液态氢与储氢合金三种，其中高压气体储氢方式的能量、重量、密度较高，但是体积较大，而且安全性较差。液态氢储氢方式的能量、重量、密度虽也较高，但是液化能量消耗大，同时须使用隔热储槽，一般适合用在大型储存槽；储氢合金储氢方式的能量、重量、密度能够满足基本的使用需求，但是安全性比较高。It is quite common to use hydrogen storage tanks as hydrogen storage devices. Whether it is a hydrogen fuel cell system or other products that use hydrogen fuel cells, it needs the supply of hydrogen. At present, hydrogen storage technologies can be divided into three types: high-pressure gas, liquid hydrogen, and hydrogen storage alloys. The high-pressure gas storage method has higher energy, weight, and density, but is larger in size and less safe. Although the energy, weight, and density of the liquid hydrogen storage method are relatively high, the liquefaction energy consumption is large, and an insulated storage tank must be used at the same time, which is generally suitable for large-scale storage tanks; the energy, weight, and density of the hydrogen storage alloy hydrogen storage method It can meet the basic needs of use, but the safety is relatively high.
在一般应用领域中，以储氢合金储氢方式较为实用。其中，储氢合金的技术，主要是以储氢罐作为氢气的贮存容器，无论是使用储氢罐的移动式载具或定置型、携带型电源供应系统，在储氢罐供应完氢气后，则需要进行补充氢气。但现阶段，氢燃料储氢装置结构不够科学合理，也没有合适的安全机构，制约了其发展和普及。In general applications, hydrogen storage with hydrogen storage alloys is more practical. Among them, hydrogen storage alloy technology mainly uses hydrogen storage tanks as hydrogen storage containers, whether it is a mobile carrier using hydrogen storage tanks or a fixed or portable power supply system. After the hydrogen storage tank is supplied with hydrogen, It needs to be supplemented with hydrogen. However, at this stage, the structure of hydrogen fuel hydrogen storage devices is not scientific and reasonable enough, and there is no suitable safety mechanism, which restricts its development and popularization.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了克服上述技术缺陷，本发明提供一种用于氢燃料电动自行车的储氢装置、安全装置、储氢系统、温控系统、温控方法，以解决背景技术中所涉及的问题。In order to overcome the above technical defects, the present invention provides a hydrogen storage device, a safety device, a hydrogen storage system, a temperature control system, and a temperature control method for a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle to solve the problems involved in the background art.
本发明提供一种储氢装置，包括：The present invention provides a hydrogen storage device, including:
储氢瓶和安装在储氢瓶瓶口的阀门；The hydrogen storage bottle and the valve installed at the mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle;
所述储氢瓶由内至外依次包括：内胆、缠绕层和外壳；The hydrogen storage bottle includes in order from the inside to the outside: an inner liner, a winding layer and an outer shell;
所述阀门为顶开阀，包括：The valve is a top-opening valve and includes:
阀体，设置为帽状，适于与氢气瓶连接，所述阀体内部设有凹槽；The valve body is set in a cap shape and is suitable for connecting with a hydrogen cylinder, and a groove is provided in the valve body;
顶柱，所述顶柱贯穿阀体，适于在阀体内上下运动；A top post, the top post penetrates the valve body and is suitable for moving up and down in the valve body;
所述顶柱上部设有一圈凸起，所述凸起设于阀体内部凹槽内；A ring of protrusions is provided on the upper part of the top post, and the protrusions are provided in the internal groove of the valve body;
弹簧，适于为顶柱提供向上移动的力；Spring, suitable for providing upward movement force for the top column;
气嘴，与顶柱的底部配合，所述顶柱向下移动时适于打开所述气嘴；The air nozzle is matched with the bottom of the top column, which is suitable for opening the air nozzle when the top column moves downward;
弹性加压圈，套设于气嘴下部，适于压紧气嘴；The elastic pressure ring is sleeved on the lower part of the gas nozzle, suitable for pressing the gas nozzle;
所述顶柱中心设有适于气体通过的通气孔；The center of the top column is provided with a vent hole suitable for the passage of gas;
所述阀体顶部设有连接槽。The top of the valve body is provided with a connecting groove.
优选的，储氢装置的所述内胆为玻璃纤维和铝的混合材料。Preferably, the inner liner of the hydrogen storage device is a mixed material of glass fiber and aluminum.
优选的，储氢装置的所述连接槽内壁设有多圈内螺纹。Preferably, the inner wall of the connecting groove of the hydrogen storage device is provided with multiple internal threads.
优选的，储氢装置的所述阀体凹槽内设有适于对顶柱限位的限位圈。Preferably, the valve body groove of the hydrogen storage device is provided with a limiting ring suitable for limiting the top post.
优选的，储氢装置的所述通气孔顶端设有过滤限流装置。Preferably, the top end of the vent hole of the hydrogen storage device is provided with a filtering flow limiting device.
优选的，储氢装置的所述顶柱与阀体连接处均设有密封装置。Preferably, a sealing device is provided at the connection between the top pillar and the valve body of the hydrogen storage device.
另一种储氢装置的技术方案是：一种储氢装置，包括瓶体及内置于所述瓶体的固态储氢材料，所述储氢装置还包括：Another technical solution of the hydrogen storage device is: a hydrogen storage device comprising a bottle body and a solid hydrogen storage material built in the bottle body, the hydrogen storage device further comprising:
加热元件，伸入所述瓶体内，并与所述瓶体的瓶口相隔；The heating element extends into the bottle body and is separated from the mouth of the bottle body;
电连接元件，与所述加热元件电连接，并露出于所述瓶体，与外部电源连接接收电能，并向所述加热元件供电，使得所述加热元件对所述固态储氢材料加热。The electrical connection element is electrically connected to the heating element and exposed to the bottle body, connected to an external power source to receive electric energy, and supply power to the heating element, so that the heating element heats the solid hydrogen storage material.
优选的，储氢装置的所述加热元件沿所述储氢装置的轴向自所述瓶体的底部伸入所述瓶体内；Preferably, the heating element of the hydrogen storage device extends from the bottom of the bottle body into the bottle body along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage device;
所述瓶体沿其轴向设有槽体，所述槽体与所述瓶体的内部经所述瓶体的壳壁断隔；The bottle body is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
所述加热元件穿入所述槽体内，并与所述槽体间隙配合，以对所述瓶体加热，所述瓶体接收的热量传导至所述固态储氢材料。The heating element penetrates into the tank body and is in clearance fit with the tank body to heat the bottle body, and the heat received by the bottle body is conducted to the solid hydrogen storage material.
优选的，储氢装置的所述槽体沿所述瓶体轴向上的长度大于所述加热元件沿所述瓶体轴向上的长度，使得所述加热元件的加热端与所述槽体的槽底间具有加热层；Preferably, the length of the tank of the hydrogen storage device in the axial direction of the bottle is greater than the length of the heating element in the axial direction of the bottle, so that the heating end of the heating element and the tank are There is a heating layer between the bottom of the groove;
所述加热元件产生的热量还经所述加热层传导至所述瓶体。The heat generated by the heating element is also conducted to the bottle body through the heating layer.
优选的，储氢装置的所述加热元件的安装端具有外螺纹，所述槽体的槽口处设有内螺纹；所述外螺纹与所述内螺纹配合，以将所述加热元件固定至所述槽体内。Preferably, the mounting end of the heating element of the hydrogen storage device has an external thread, and the slot of the groove body is provided with an internal thread; the external thread cooperates with the internal thread to fix the heating element to Inside the tank.
优选的，储氢装置的所述瓶体的底部与所述槽体的槽口齐平，使得所述瓶体的底部呈平面型；Preferably, the bottom of the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device is flush with the notch of the tank body, so that the bottom of the bottle body is flat;
所述瓶体的底部端面上开设有至少一条防滑槽，所述防滑槽的开设方向沿所述瓶体的径向或与所述瓶体的径向呈一预设角度。At least one anti-slip groove is formed on the bottom end surface of the bottle body, and the opening direction of the anti-slip groove is along the radial direction of the bottle body or is at a predetermined angle with the radial direction of the bottle body.
优选的，储氢装置的所述瓶体沿其轴向设有开口，所述开口与所述瓶体的内部连通；Preferably, the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device is provided with an opening along its axial direction, and the opening is in communication with the inside of the bottle body;
所述加热元件自所述开口穿入所述瓶体内，并封闭所述开口，以对所述固态储氢材料加热。The heating element penetrates into the bottle body from the opening and closes the opening to heat the solid hydrogen storage material.
优选的，储氢装置的所述加热元件为电阻丝，并内置有一温度传感器；Preferably, the heating element of the hydrogen storage device is a resistance wire, and has a built-in temperature sensor;
所述瓶体由铝合金无缝材料及铝合金内胆碳纤维缠绕复合材料制成；The bottle body is made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material;
所述电连接元件具有插接口，以接收外部电源。The electrical connection element has a plug interface to receive an external power source.
优选的，储氢装置的所述瓶体接收所述电连接元件处设有一容纳台阶，所述容纳台阶的径向宽度大于所述加热元件的径向宽度；Preferably, a receiving step is provided where the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device receives the electrical connection element, and the radial width of the receiving step is greater than the radial width of the heating element;
所述电连接元件的径向宽度与所述容纳台阶匹配，使得所述电连接元件与所述容纳台阶接触安装时，限制所述电连接元件伸入所述瓶体中部的位移，且所述电连接元件部分突出于所述瓶体外。The radial width of the electrical connection element matches the accommodating step, so that when the electrical connection element is installed in contact with the accommodating step, the displacement of the electrical connection element extending into the middle of the bottle body is restricted, and the The electrical connection element partially protrudes outside the bottle body.
本发明的另一种储氢装置的技术方案，包括：Another technical solution of the hydrogen storage device of the present invention includes:
瓶体，用于存储固态储氢材料和氢气；Bottle body, used to store solid hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen;
防护罩，设置在所述瓶体的出气口处，与所述瓶体密封连接；The protective cover is arranged at the air outlet of the bottle body and is connected to the bottle body in a sealed manner;
低压进或出气口，设于所述防护罩一侧，与所述瓶体的出气口连接；A low-pressure air inlet or outlet is provided on one side of the protective cover and connected with the air outlet of the bottle body;
身份识别标签，设置在所述防护罩或瓶体上。The identification label is set on the protective cover or the bottle body.
优选的，储氢装置的所述身份识别标签为RFID或二维码；Preferably, the identification tag of the hydrogen storage device is an RFID or a two-dimensional code;
身份识别标签至少包括或可获取储氢装置的编号、生产日期、储氢装置的相关参数、最近多次的充氢时间和充氢量、储氢装置内储氢量中的一种或多种信息。The identification tag includes at least one or more of the number of the hydrogen storage device, the date of production, the relevant parameters of the hydrogen storage device, the most recent hydrogen charging time and amount, and the amount of hydrogen storage in the hydrogen storage device. information.
优选的，储氢装置的所述身份识别标签固定安装在所述防护罩内侧，其识别区域通过设置在防护罩上的镂空或透明区域，露出在防护罩的外侧。Preferably, the identification tag of the hydrogen storage device is fixedly installed inside the protective cover, and its identification area is exposed on the outside of the protective cover through a hollow or transparent area provided on the protective cover.
优选的，储氢装置的所述瓶体由铝合金无缝材料和/或铝合金内胆、碳纤维缠绕复合材料和/或不锈钢外壳制成。Preferably, the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device is made of an aluminum alloy seamless material and/or an aluminum alloy liner, a carbon fiber wound composite material and/or a stainless steel shell.
优选的，储氢装置的所述瓶体沿其轴向设有槽体，所述槽体与所述瓶体的内部经所述瓶体的壳壁断隔；Preferably, the bottle body of the hydrogen storage device is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
所述槽体包括内层和外层，在所述内层和外层之间留有预定间隙，形成第一腔体，在所述第一腔体内装有加热介质。The tank body includes an inner layer and an outer layer, and a predetermined gap is left between the inner layer and the outer layer to form a first cavity, and a heating medium is installed in the first cavity.
优选的，储氢装置的所述瓶体或防护罩上安装有把手，且所述把手为可折叠式把手。Preferably, a handle is installed on the bottle body or the protective cover of the hydrogen storage device, and the handle is a foldable handle.
本发明还提供一种安全装置，设置于前述的所述储氢装置的出气口；所述安全装置 为多功能集成阀；The present invention also provides a safety device, which is arranged at the gas outlet of the aforementioned hydrogen storage device; the safety device is a multifunctional integrated valve;
所述组合阀包括：The combination valve includes:
阀体；Valve body
连接口，与储氢瓶的出气口连通，向所述阀体内传输氢气；The connecting port is in communication with the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle, and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
通气口，与所述连接口连通，接收氢气并传输至所述储氢瓶，和/或传输氢气至电堆；A vent, which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
控制阀，设置在通气口与所述连接口的连接点上，控制所述连接口与通气口通路的开闭；The control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
安全阀，与所述连接口相连通，保证储氢瓶内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围；The safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
调压阀，设置在所述连接口与通气口的通路上，用于控制所述阀体内的气压。The pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
优选的，安全装置的所述组合阀为一体成型结构。Preferably, the combined valve of the safety device is an integrally formed structure.
优选的，安全装置的所述组合阀安装在所述储氢瓶的出气口；组合阀与储氢瓶之间为一体式连接关系。Preferably, the combination valve of the safety device is installed at the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle; the combination valve and the hydrogen storage bottle are in an integrated connection relationship.
优选的，安全装置的所述阀体采用铝合金、钛合金或金属铜制成。Preferably, the valve body of the safety device is made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or metallic copper.
优选的，安全装置的所述连接口的一端设置有压力传感器，并在所述安全阀上安装有自动触发装置，用于启动安全阀。Preferably, one end of the connection port of the safety device is provided with a pressure sensor, and an automatic trigger device is installed on the safety valve for starting the safety valve.
优选的，安全装置的所述通气口连接有密封接头；Preferably, the air vent of the safety device is connected with a sealed joint;
所述密封接头包括：与通气口相连接的第一接头，与用于电堆供气管路相连接的第二接头；The sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路；When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路向电堆供气管路提供氢气。When the second joint is inserted into the first joint, a passage is formed, and hydrogen is supplied to the stack gas supply pipeline through the pipeline.
优选的，安全装置的所述第一接头包括：与所述通气口密封连接的第一本体部，与所述第二接头密封连接的第二本体部，在所述第二本体部内设置有密封气嘴，设置在所述密封气嘴外部的弹性件；Preferably, the first joint of the safety device includes: a first body part hermetically connected to the vent, a second body part hermetically connected to the second joint, and a seal is provided in the second body part. An air nozzle, an elastic member arranged on the outside of the sealed air nozzle;
所述弹性件为蓄能状态，使得所述密封气嘴有保持闭合的趋势。The elastic member is in an energy storage state, so that the sealing gas nozzle has a tendency to remain closed.
优选的，安全装置的所述第二接头包括：与所述第二本体部密封连接的第三本体部；与电堆供气管路密封连接第四本体部，在所述第三本体部内部设置有顶柱，在所述顶柱为中空管道；Preferably, the second joint of the safety device includes: a third body part hermetically connected to the second body part; a fourth body part hermetically connected to the stack gas pipeline, and is arranged inside the third body part There is a top column, and the top column is a hollow pipe;
当第二接头插接于第一接头时，所述顶柱顶起所述密封气嘴，迫使所述密封气嘴张开，形成通路，并通过中空管道向电堆供气管路提供氢气。When the second joint is plugged into the first joint, the top column pushes up the sealing gas nozzle, forcing the sealing gas nozzle to open, forming a passage, and supplying hydrogen to the gas supply pipeline of the stack through the hollow pipe.
优选的，安全装置的所述第一接头和第二接头之间通过卡扣或紧固件进行连接。Preferably, the first joint and the second joint of the safety device are connected by a buckle or a fastener.
本发明还提供一种储氢系统，包括储氢装置和设置于储氢装置瓶口的安全装置，其特征在于：所述储氢装置采用前述的所述的储氢装置的结构；The present invention also provides a hydrogen storage system, including a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device described above;
所述安全装置采用前述的所述的安全装置的结构。The safety device adopts the structure of the aforementioned safety device.
优选的，储氢系统的所述安全装置为多功能集成的组合阀；Preferably, the safety device of the hydrogen storage system is a multifunctional integrated combination valve;
所述组合阀包括：The combination valve includes:
阀体；Valve body
连接口，与所述瓶体的出气口连通，向所述阀体内传输氢气；The connecting port is in communication with the gas outlet of the bottle body and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
通气口，与所述连接口连通，接收氢气并传输至所述储氢瓶，和/或传输氢气至电堆；A vent, which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
控制阀，设置在通气口与所述连接口的连接点上，控制所述连接口与通气口通路的开闭；The control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
安全阀，与所述连接口相连通，保证储氢瓶内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围；The safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
调压阀，设置在所述连接口与通气口的通路上，用于控制所述阀体内的气压。The pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
优选的，储氢系统的所述通气口连接有密封接头，穿过所述防护罩，并露出于防护罩，形成低压出气口；Preferably, the air vent of the hydrogen storage system is connected with a sealing joint, passes through the protective cover, and is exposed to the protective cover to form a low-pressure air outlet;
所述密封接头包括：与通气口相连接的第一接头，与用于电堆供气管路相连接的第二接头；The sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路；When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路向电堆提供氢气。When the second connector is plugged into the first connector, a passage is formed, and hydrogen is supplied to the stack through the pipeline.
本发明的另一种一种储氢系统的技术方案，包括储氢装置和设置于储氢装置瓶口的安全装置，其特征在于：所述储氢装置采用前述的所述的储氢装置的结构；Another technical solution of the hydrogen storage system of the present invention includes a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the aforementioned hydrogen storage device structure;
所述安全装置为多功能集成的组合阀；The safety device is a multifunctional integrated combined valve;
所述组合阀包括阀体，设于所述瓶体的瓶口；The combination valve includes a valve body, which is arranged at the mouth of the bottle body;
所述阀体包括：The valve body includes:
进气阀，与所述瓶口连通，向所述瓶体内传输氢气；An air inlet valve, which is connected to the bottle mouth, and transmits hydrogen gas into the bottle body;
充气阀，与所述进气阀连通，单向接收氢气并传输至所述进气阀；An inflation valve, connected to the intake valve, unidirectionally receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the intake valve;
安全阀；Safety valve
调压阀，控制所述阀体内的气压；A pressure regulating valve, which controls the air pressure in the valve body;
出气阀，与所述进气阀连通，接收氢气并连接至一电堆，并向所述电堆提供15-50kpa 的氢气；An outlet valve, which is connected to the inlet valve, receives hydrogen and is connected to a stack, and provides 15-50kpa of hydrogen to the stack;
手动开关阀。Manually switch the valve.
本发明的另一种储氢系统，包括储氢装置和设置于储氢装置瓶口的安全装置，其特征在于：所述储氢装置采用如前述的所述的储氢装置的结构；Another hydrogen storage system of the present invention includes a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device as described above;
包括：瓶体，至少一个过滤装置，设置于所述瓶体出气口外侧的组合阀，以及均匀分布在所述瓶体内的固态储氢材料；所述安全装置为多功能集成阀。It includes a bottle body, at least one filtering device, a combined valve arranged outside the gas outlet of the bottle body, and a solid hydrogen storage material evenly distributed in the bottle body; the safety device is a multifunctional integrated valve.
优选的，储氢系统的所述集成阀包括：Preferably, the integrated valve of the hydrogen storage system includes:
阀体，所述阀体上设置有至少一个第一接口、至少一个第二接口；A valve body, at least one first interface and at least one second interface are provided on the valve body;
控制阀，用于控制所述第一接口与第二接口通路的开闭；A control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first interface and the second interface path;
安全阀，与所述第一接口相连通，控制瓶体内部压力和/或温度在预定范围；A safety valve, connected with the first interface, to control the internal pressure and/or temperature of the bottle to be within a predetermined range;
调压阀，设置在所述第一接口与第二接口通路上，控制所述阀体的输出气压。A pressure regulating valve is arranged on the first interface and the second interface passage, and controls the output air pressure of the valve body.
优选的，储氢系统的所述集成阀包括：Preferably, the integrated valve of the hydrogen storage system includes:
阀体，所述阀体上设置有至少一个第一接口、至少一个第二接口、至少一个第三接口；A valve body provided with at least one first interface, at least one second interface, and at least one third interface;
控制阀，用于控制所述第一接口与第二接口通路和/或所述第一接口与第三接口通路的开闭；A control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first interface and the second interface passage and/or the first interface and the third interface passage;
安全阀，与所述第一接口相连通，控制瓶体内部压力和/或温度在预定范围；A safety valve, connected with the first interface, to control the internal pressure and/or temperature of the bottle to be within a predetermined range;
调压阀，设置在所述第一接口与第三接口通路上，控制所述阀体的输出气压。A pressure regulating valve is arranged on the first interface and the third interface passage, and controls the output air pressure of the valve body.
优选的，储氢系统的所述第一接口与瓶体出气口的外侧相连接；Preferably, the first interface of the hydrogen storage system is connected to the outside of the gas outlet of the bottle body;
所述第二接口上设置有内嵌于或部分内嵌于所述阀体内部的单向阀；A one-way valve embedded or partially embedded in the valve body is provided on the second interface;
在所述阀体内第一接口、第二接口或第一接口与第二接口的通路上设有保压阀。A pressure maintaining valve is arranged on the first port, the second port or the passage between the first port and the second port in the valve body.
优选的，储氢系统的所述第三接口上外接有密封接头；Preferably, a sealing joint is externally connected to the third interface of the hydrogen storage system;
所述密封接头包括：与第三接口相连接的第一接头，与电堆相连接的第二接头；The sealed joint includes: a first joint connected to the third interface, and a second joint connected to the stack;
当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路；When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路向电堆提供氢气。When the second connector is plugged into the first connector, a passage is formed, and hydrogen is supplied to the stack through the pipeline.
优选的，储氢系统的所述瓶体内部设置有导流管，所述导流管安装在所述瓶体的中轴线上，并沿着所述导流管按照预定间距、预定夹角固定安装有多个筛网，将瓶体分割成多个第一容腔在所述第一容腔内存储有固态储氢材料；Preferably, a diversion tube is arranged inside the bottle body of the hydrogen storage system, and the diversion tube is installed on the central axis of the bottle body and fixed along the diversion tube at a predetermined interval and a predetermined included angle. A plurality of screens are installed to divide the bottle body into a plurality of first cavities in which solid hydrogen storage materials are stored;
在所述导流管上设置有至少与所述第二腔体相连通的通气孔；A vent hole communicating with at least the second cavity is provided on the draft tube;
优选的，储氢系统的所述导流管为网或孔状金属管；Preferably, the draft tube of the hydrogen storage system is a mesh or hole-shaped metal tube;
所述金属导管采用铝合金、钛合金或金属铜中一种材质制成。The metal conduit is made of one of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or metallic copper.
优选的，储氢系统的所述筛网与导流管之间的夹角与所述储氢装置安装放置的倾斜夹角相同；Preferably, the included angle between the screen and the guide tube of the hydrogen storage system is the same as the inclination angle at which the hydrogen storage device is installed;
保证所述筛网安装方向与水平面相平行。Ensure that the installation direction of the screen is parallel to the horizontal plane.
优选的，储氢系统的所述储氢装置外部圆周面上设置有识别标签，所述识别标签设置方向与所述储氢装置出气口方向相反；Preferably, an identification label is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the hydrogen storage device of the hydrogen storage system, and the setting direction of the identification label is opposite to the direction of the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device;
通过识别标签判断所述储氢装置的安装放置方向。The installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is judged by the identification tag.
优选的，储氢系统的所述集成阀包括：Preferably, the integrated valve of the hydrogen storage system includes:
阀体；Valve body
连接口，与瓶体出气口连通，向所述阀体内传输氢气；The connecting port is connected with the gas outlet of the bottle body, and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
通气口，与所述连接口连通，接收氢气并传输至所述储氢瓶，和/或传输氢气至电堆；A vent, which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
控制阀，设置在通气口与所述连接口的连接点上，控制所述连接口与通气口通路的开闭；The control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
安全阀，与所述连接口相连通，保证储氢瓶内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围；The safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
调压阀，设置在所述连接口与通气口的通路上，用于控制所述阀体内的气压。The pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
优选的，储氢系统的所述通气口连接有密封接头；Preferably, the vent of the hydrogen storage system is connected with a sealed joint;
所述密封接头包括：与通气口相连接的第一接头，与用于电堆供气管路相连接的第二接头；The sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路；When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路向电堆提供氢气。When the second connector is plugged into the first connector, a passage is formed, and hydrogen is supplied to the stack through the pipeline.
优选的，储氢系统的所述瓶体由铝合金无缝材料和/或铝合金内胆、碳纤维缠绕复合材料和/或不锈钢材料外壳制成。Preferably, the bottle body of the hydrogen storage system is made of an aluminum alloy seamless material and/or an aluminum alloy liner, a carbon fiber wound composite material and/or a stainless steel material shell.
优选的，储氢系统的所述瓶体沿其轴向设有槽体，所述槽体与所述瓶体的内部经所述瓶体的壳壁断隔；Preferably, the bottle body of the hydrogen storage system is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
所述槽体包括内层和外层，在所述内层和外层之间留有预定间隙，形成第一腔体，在所述第一腔体内装有加热介质。The tank body includes an inner layer and an outer layer, and a predetermined gap is left between the inner layer and the outer layer to form a first cavity, and a heating medium is installed in the first cavity.
优选的，储氢系统的所述加热介质至少包括水、硅油、导热油一种。Preferably, the heating medium of the hydrogen storage system includes at least one of water, silicon oil, and heat transfer oil.
优选的，储氢系统的所述瓶体与组合阀之间为一体式连接结构。Preferably, the bottle body and the combined valve of the hydrogen storage system have an integrated connection structure.
优选的，储氢系统的所述瓶体或防护罩上安装有把手。Preferably, a handle is installed on the bottle body or protective cover of the hydrogen storage system.
优选的，储氢系统的所述把手为可折叠式把手。Preferably, the handle of the hydrogen storage system is a foldable handle.
本发明的另一种储氢系统，包括储氢装置和设置于储氢装置瓶口的安全装置，其特征在于：所述储氢装置采用如前述的所述的储氢装置的结构；Another hydrogen storage system of the present invention includes a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device as described above;
还包括电动控制装置；所述安全装置可拆卸连接在氢能源助力车安全储氢装置的阀体顶部；所述电动控制装置通过低压联接器以及转接器与安全装置连接。It also includes an electric control device; the safety device is detachably connected to the top of the valve body of the hydrogen energy-assisted vehicle safety hydrogen storage device; the electric control device is connected to the safety device through a low-voltage connector and an adapter.
优选的，储氢系统的所述安全装置底部设有适于与阀体连接的进气接头；所述进气接头外壁设有与所述连接槽内螺纹匹配的外螺纹；所述进气接头为倒凹型；所述进气接头适于推动所述顶柱打开气嘴。Preferably, the bottom of the safety device of the hydrogen storage system is provided with an air inlet connector suitable for connection with the valve body; the outer wall of the air inlet connector is provided with an external thread matching the internal thread of the connecting groove; the air inlet connector It is an undercut type; the air inlet connector is suitable for pushing the top post to open the air nozzle.
优选的，储氢系统的所述安全装置包括本体；所述本体内设有与进气接头连接的进气通道；所述本体内还设有高压连接器接口、高压压力变送器接口、安全阀接口、手动阀接口、一级减压阀接口和二级减压阀接口；所述二级减压阀接口一侧设置低压输出接口；所述高压连接器接口安装高压连接器；所述压力变送器接口安装压力变送器；所述安全阀接口安装安全阀；所述手动阀接口安装手动阀；所述一级减压阀接口安装一级减压阀；所述二级减压阀接口安装二级减压阀；所述进气通道依次通过高压连接器、压力变送器、安全阀、手动阀、一级减压阀和二级减压阀与低压输出接口连通。Preferably, the safety device of the hydrogen storage system includes a body; the body is provided with an air inlet channel connected to an air inlet connector; the body is also provided with a high-pressure connector interface, a high-pressure pressure transmitter interface, and a safety Valve interface, manual valve interface, primary pressure reducing valve interface, and secondary pressure reducing valve interface; a low pressure output interface is provided on one side of the secondary pressure reducing valve interface; a high pressure connector is installed on the high pressure connector interface; the pressure The transmitter interface is equipped with a pressure transmitter; the safety valve interface is equipped with a safety valve; the manual valve interface is equipped with a manual valve; the first-level pressure-reducing valve interface is equipped with a first-level pressure-reducing valve; the second-level pressure-reducing valve The interface is equipped with a secondary pressure reducing valve; the air intake passage is connected to the low pressure output interface through a high pressure connector, a pressure transmitter, a safety valve, a manual valve, a primary pressure reducing valve, and a secondary pressure reducing valve in sequence.
优选的，储氢系统的所述高压连接器设置在本体底部；所述压力变送器设置于高压连接器上部；所述安全阀设置于压力变送器上部；所述手动阀设置于与安全阀相邻的本体侧面上；所述一级减压阀设置于与安全阀相对的本体侧面上；所述二级减压阀设置于本体顶部。Preferably, the high-pressure connector of the hydrogen storage system is arranged at the bottom of the body; the pressure transmitter is arranged at the upper part of the high-pressure connector; the safety valve is arranged at the upper part of the pressure transmitter; the manual valve is arranged at the upper part of the safety The valve is adjacent to the side of the body; the first-stage pressure reducing valve is arranged on the side of the body opposite to the safety valve; the second-stage pressure reducing valve is arranged on the top of the body.
本发明还提供一种用于储氢装置的温控系统，所述储氢装置包括瓶体、设于所述瓶体的出气口的阀体，其特征在于，The present invention also provides a temperature control system for a hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage device comprising a bottle body and a valve body provided at the gas outlet of the bottle body, characterized in that:
所述温控系统还包括温度监测设备及加热设备；The temperature control system also includes temperature monitoring equipment and heating equipment;
所述温度监测设备设于所述储氢装置内以监测所述瓶体内的温度，并形成一包括当前温度的温度信号；The temperature monitoring device is arranged in the hydrogen storage device to monitor the temperature in the bottle and form a temperature signal including the current temperature;
所述加热设备基于一激活指令对所述储氢装置内的固态储氢材料加热；The heating device heats the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device based on an activation instruction;
所述温度控制系统还包括：The temperature control system further includes:
温度控制模块，与所述温度监测设备及加热设备电连接，接收所述温度信号并将所述当前温度与一预设的温度阈值比较，当所述当前温度低于所述温度阈值时，所述温度 控制模块生成所述激活指令，并将所述激活指令发送至所述加热设备。The temperature control module is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device and the heating device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, The temperature control module generates the activation instruction, and sends the activation instruction to the heating device.
优选的，温控系统的所述温度控制模块包括：Preferably, the temperature control module of the temperature control system includes:
温度比较电路，与所述温度监测设备电连接，接收所述温度信号并比较当前温度与温度阈值；A temperature comparison circuit, electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a temperature threshold;
加热控制电路，与所述温度比较电路及加热设备电连接，接收温度比较电路的比较结果并生成所述激活指令；The heating control circuit is electrically connected to the temperature comparison circuit and the heating device, receives the comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit and generates the activation instruction;
所述温度控制模块还包括加热保护电路，电连接于所述加热控制电路与加热设备间，监测所述温度控制模块的工作状态，以导通或切断所述加热控制电路至所述加热设备的加热链路。The temperature control module further includes a heating protection circuit, which is electrically connected between the heating control circuit and the heating device, and monitors the working state of the temperature control module to conduct or cut off the heating control circuit to the heating device. Heating link.
优选的，温控系统的所述温度控制模块还包括时钟单元，与所述加热控制电路电连接，向所述激活指令添加时钟信息，其中，所述时钟信息包括加热时间t；Preferably, the temperature control module of the temperature control system further includes a clock unit, which is electrically connected to the heating control circuit, and adds clock information to the activation instruction, wherein the clock information includes the heating time t;
加热时间t基于以下公式计算所得：The heating time t is calculated based on the following formula:
t＝(温度阈值-当前温度)*时间阈值/温度阈值差，所述温度阈值差与时间阈值基于一测试温度和测试时间预存所得。t=(temperature threshold-current temperature)*time threshold/temperature threshold difference, where the temperature threshold difference and the time threshold are prestored based on a test temperature and test time.
优选的，温控系统的当所述加热时间t后，所述当前温度仍低于所述温度阈值时，所述温度控制模块再次生成所述激活指令，并将所述激活指令发送至所述加热设备；Preferably, in the temperature control system, when the current temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold after the heating time t, the temperature control module generates the activation instruction again, and sends the activation instruction to the Heating equipment
当所述加热时间t内，所述当前温度高于所述温度阈值时，所述温度控制模块将所述当前温度与所述温度阈值的差值与一预设差值比较，当所述当前温度与所述温度阈值的差值大于所述预设差值，提前给所述加热时间t内发送断开指令至所述加热设备。When the current temperature is higher than the temperature threshold during the heating time t, the temperature control module compares the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold with a preset difference, and when the current The difference between the temperature and the temperature threshold is greater than the preset difference, and a disconnection instruction is sent to the heating device within the heating time t in advance.
优选的，温控系统的所述温度监测设备为温度传感器，固定于所述瓶体内，并与所述阀体连接；Preferably, the temperature monitoring device of the temperature control system is a temperature sensor, which is fixed in the bottle body and connected with the valve body;
所述加热设备呈带状并围设于所述瓶体的外部，或The heating device is in the shape of a belt and is surrounded by the outside of the bottle, or
所述加热设备伸入所述瓶体，所述温度监测设备固定于所述加热设备上；The heating device extends into the bottle body, and the temperature monitoring device is fixed on the heating device;
所述加热设备的端部设有插接口，所述温度控制模块具有电连接件，所述电连接件插入所述插接口以与所述加热设备连接。An end of the heating device is provided with a plug-in interface, the temperature control module has an electrical connector, and the electrical connector is inserted into the plug-in interface to connect with the heating device.
本发明还提供一种用于储氢装置的温度控制方法，包括以下步骤：The present invention also provides a temperature control method for a hydrogen storage device, which includes the following steps:
设于所述储氢装置内的温度监测设备监测储氢装置内的温度，并形成一包括当前温度的温度信号；The temperature monitoring device provided in the hydrogen storage device monitors the temperature in the hydrogen storage device and forms a temperature signal including the current temperature;
一温度控制模块，与所述温度监测设备电连接，接收所述温度信号并将所述当前温 度与一预设的温度阈值比较，当所述当前温度低于所述温度阈值时，所述温度控制模块生成激活指令；A temperature control module is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature The control module generates an activation instruction;
一加热设备接收所述激活指令，并对所述储氢装置内的氢气加热。A heating device receives the activation instruction and heats the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device.
本发明同时提供一种氢动力车，包括电机及与所述电机连接的电堆，所述电堆连接至如前述所述的储氢装置；采用如前述所述的安全装置。The present invention also provides a hydrogen-powered vehicle, including a motor and a stack connected to the motor, the stack is connected to the aforementioned hydrogen storage device; the aforementioned safety device is adopted.
本发明相较于现有技术，具有如下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、通过在储氢装置表面设置身份识别标签，一方面用户通过扫描设备获取储氢装置的相关信息；另一方面，用户可以通过身份识别标签的方向，进而判断所述储氢装置的方向性，保证储氢装置安装放置方向符合要求。1. By setting the identification tag on the surface of the hydrogen storage device, on the one hand, the user can obtain the relevant information of the hydrogen storage device through the scanning device; on the other hand, the user can judge the directionality of the hydrogen storage device by the direction of the identification tag , To ensure that the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device meets the requirements.
2、通过固态储氢材料以低压方式存储，安全性高，在需要使用时，可使用加热元件对固态储氢材料加热，提高放氢性能，适用于极端天气下的氢燃料电动自行车的使用场景。2. The solid hydrogen storage material is stored in a low-pressure manner with high safety. When needed, a heating element can be used to heat the solid hydrogen storage material to improve the hydrogen desorption performance. It is suitable for the use of hydrogen fuel electric bicycles in extreme weather. .
3、通过将多个功能阀进行组合设计成组合阀，所述组合阀的设计结构合理、集成度高、安全性能好、使用寿命长。进一步简化了氢燃料电动自行车的管路布置，减小管路之间相互交错缠绕的可能性，降低后期维护难度。3. The combined valve is designed by combining multiple functional valves, which has a reasonable design structure, high integration, good safety performance and long service life. It further simplifies the pipeline layout of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, reduces the possibility of intertwining the pipelines, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.
4、通过对热量传导路径配置对储氢装置和固态储氢材料进行加热，使得储氢装置和固态储氢材料的升温过程更为平滑，提高对储氢装置稳定性和安全性。4. Heat the hydrogen storage device and the solid hydrogen storage material by configuring the heat conduction path, so that the heating process of the hydrogen storage device and the solid hydrogen storage material is smoother, and the stability and safety of the hydrogen storage device are improved.
5、通过设计降温元件，在出现高温或者火烧等情况时，降低储氢装置的内部温度，给所述固态储氢材料快速降温，控制所述储氢装置内部压力维持在1-3MPa的低压范围内，实现温度泄压。5. Through the design of cooling elements, in the event of high temperature or fire, the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage device is reduced, the solid hydrogen storage material is quickly cooled, and the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device is controlled to maintain a low pressure range of 1-3 MPa Inside, to achieve temperature relief.
6、通过在出气口连接密封接头，在运输、更换储氢装置时，所述第一接头处于断路状态，自动封闭组合阀的出气口，提高了组合阀的气密性，进一步减小氢气泄露量。6. By connecting a sealed joint at the air outlet, the first joint is in a disconnected state during transportation or replacement of the hydrogen storage device, and the air outlet of the combined valve is automatically closed, which improves the air tightness of the combined valve and further reduces hydrogen leakage quantity.
7、防护罩与阀体相结合形成一个安全组合阀，可用于气体泄漏的安全管控，设计结构合理、集成度高、安全性能好、使用寿命长。7. The protective cover and the valve body are combined to form a safety combination valve, which can be used for the safety management and control of gas leakage. The design structure is reasonable, the integration is high, the safety performance is good, and the service life is long.
8、采用低压储氢罐作为氢源，能够实现低压高密度储氢和高纯度供氢，可重复使用，安全，经济，具有良好的适应性8. Low-pressure hydrogen storage tank is used as hydrogen source, which can realize low-pressure and high-density hydrogen storage and high-purity hydrogen supply, which can be reused, safe, economical, and has good adaptability.
9、能够利用燃料电池电堆运行时产生的废热，实现对加热设备的热补偿，有效提高储氢罐的放氢性能，有效减少整个系统的能量损耗；9. It can use the waste heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack to realize the thermal compensation of the heating equipment, effectively improve the hydrogen release performance of the hydrogen storage tank, and effectively reduce the energy loss of the entire system;
10、加热过程可控，加热时间智能调节，可在安全的使用场景下提高低压氢气的放 氢效率。10. The heating process is controllable, and the heating time is intelligently adjusted, which can improve the discharge efficiency of low-pressure hydrogen under safe use scenarios.
11、本发明通过设置顶开式的阀门机构以及回弹和保护的结构，在简化结构的同时确保了安全性；设置竖z型气嘴，能有效增加气嘴的密封面积，增大密封性，进一步增加安全性。11. The present invention simplifies the structure by providing a top-opening valve mechanism and a resilient and protective structure while ensuring safety; the installation of a vertical z-type air nozzle can effectively increase the sealing area of the air nozzle and increase the sealing performance , To further increase safety.
12、本发明通过设置限位圈，对顶柱移动进行限制，确保了装置的稳定性。12. The present invention restricts the movement of the top column by setting a limit ring to ensure the stability of the device.
13、本发明通过设置过滤限流装置，进一步确保了装置的安全性。13. The present invention further ensures the safety of the device by installing a filtering and current limiting device.
14、本发明通过在安全装置底部设置与阀体连接槽相匹配的螺纹，确保连接快捷方便且安全稳定。14. In the present invention, a thread matching the valve body connecting groove is arranged at the bottom of the safety device to ensure quick and convenient connection and safe and stable connection.
15、本发明通过设置适于推动顶柱的倒凹型进气接头结构，连接方便快捷且安全。15. In the present invention, the connection is convenient, fast and safe by providing an inverted concave air inlet joint structure suitable for pushing the top column.
16、本发明通过设置高压连接器、压力变送器、安全阀、手动阀、一级减压阀和二级减压阀，确保了高压氢气能降低到额定输出压力，满足安全使用要求。16. The present invention ensures that the high-pressure hydrogen can be reduced to the rated output pressure by setting high-pressure connectors, pressure transmitters, safety valves, manual valves, primary pressure reducing valves, and secondary pressure reducing valves to meet the requirements of safe use.
17、本发明通过将储氢装置和安全装置构成了储氢系统，将储氢系统设置成可单独更换的部件，使储氢系统的更换更为方便快捷，且在确保安全的同时降低了成本。17. The present invention forms a hydrogen storage system by forming a hydrogen storage device and a safety device, and sets the hydrogen storage system as a separately replaceable component, which makes the replacement of the hydrogen storage system more convenient and quick, and reduces the cost while ensuring safety. .
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为现有技术中储氢装置及其走线结构意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage device and its wiring structure in the prior art.
图2为本发明中储氢装置的截面示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage device of the present invention.
图3为本发明中储氢装置和防护罩的截面示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage device and the protective cover of the present invention.
图4为本发明中储氢装置出气口处的截面示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device in the present invention.
图5为本发明中安全装置的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the safety device in the present invention.
图6为本发明中安全装置的连接示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the safety device in the present invention.
图7为本发明中把手的安装示意图。Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the handle in the present invention.
图8是本发明中一优选实施例的储氢瓶结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen storage bottle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图9是本发明中另一优选实施例的储氢瓶结构示意图一。Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of another preferred embodiment of the hydrogen storage bottle of the present invention.
图10是本发明中另一优选实施例的储氢瓶结构示意图二。Fig. 10 is a second structural diagram of a hydrogen storage bottle according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图11是本发明种储氢瓶安装状态图。Fig. 11 is a diagram of the installation state of the hydrogen storage bottle of the present invention.
图12是本发明中一优选实施例的组合阀的连接示意图。Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the combined valve in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图13是本发明中密封接头的结构示意图。Figure 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the sealing joint in the present invention.
图14是本发明中弹性件的局部放大图。Fig. 14 is a partial enlarged view of the elastic member in the present invention.
图15为符合本发明一优选实施例中储氢装置的截面示意图；15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图16为符合本发明一优选实施例中储氢装置的截面示意图；16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen storage device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图17为符合本发明一优选实施例中阀体的结构示意图。Figure 17 is a structural diagram of a valve body in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图18为本发明的一优选实施例的储氢装置的结构示意图；18 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen storage device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图19为本发明的一优选实施例的安全装置结构示意图；FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a security device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图20为图19主视剖面图；Figure 20 is a front sectional view of Figure 19;
图21为图19左视剖面图；Figure 21 is a left sectional view of Figure 19;
图22为本发明的供氢机构原理示意图。Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the hydrogen supply mechanism of the present invention.
图23为本发明一优选实施例中温度控制系统的结构示意图。Figure 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature control system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图24为本发明一优选实施例中温度控制方法的流程示意图。Fig. 24 is a schematic flowchart of a temperature control method in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
图25为本发明一优选实施例中氢燃料电动自行车的结构示意图。Fig. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在下文的描述中，给出了大量具体的细节以便提供对本发明更为彻底的理解。然而，对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的是，本发明可以无需一个或多个这些细节而得以实施。在其他的例子中，为了避免与本发明发生混淆，对于本领域公知的一些技术特征未进行描述。In the following description, a lot of specific details are given in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features known in the art are not described.
参阅附图1，为现有技术中储氢装置及其走线结构意图；现有技术中各种功能阀400作为独立主体，一端通过管路与瓶体120相连接，另一端通过管路连接多级减压阀，然后再与电堆300相连接，实现储氢瓶体的充氢、减压和出氢，电堆的供氢，由此导致氢燃料电动自行车的管路复杂，相互交错缠绕，增加后期维护难度。Refer to Figure 1, which is the intention of the hydrogen storage device and its wiring structure in the prior art; various functional valves 400 in the prior art are used as independent bodies, one end is connected to the bottle body 120 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected through a pipeline The multi-stage pressure reducing valve is then connected with the electric stack 300 to realize the hydrogen charging, decompression and hydrogen output of the hydrogen storage bottle body, and the hydrogen supply of the electric stack, which leads to the complicated and intertwined pipelines of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle. Winding increases the difficulty of later maintenance.
为了简化了管路布置，提高氢燃料电动自行车的结构的合理性，本发明提供一种低压安全储氢装置，包括：瓶体，设置于所述瓶体出气口上的组合阀，以及内置于所述瓶体的固态储氢材料；所述瓶体与组合阀之间为一体式连接结构，而非管路连接或线路连接，直接有工厂根据设计要求进行一体式安装和生产，所述连接结构包括但不限于螺纹配合、卡固配合、焊接等固定连接方式，使得所述储氢瓶与组合阀形成一个封闭腔体。在所述封闭腔体内存放有固态储氢材料，所述固态储氢材料被加热后，经过组合阀向电堆提供氢气压力为15-65kpa，使得在未使用时，储氢瓶的内部压力较小(普遍意义上的低压储氢)，不会对用户产生危害。In order to simplify the pipeline arrangement and improve the rationality of the structure of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, the present invention provides a low-pressure safe hydrogen storage device, including: a bottle body, a combination valve arranged on the gas outlet of the bottle body, and a built-in valve The solid hydrogen storage material of the bottle body; there is an integrated connection structure between the bottle body and the combined valve, instead of pipeline connection or line connection, and the factory directly performs integrated installation and production according to design requirements. The connection The structure includes, but is not limited to, threaded fitting, clamping fitting, welding and other fixed connection methods, so that the hydrogen storage bottle and the combined valve form a closed cavity. A solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the closed cavity. After the solid hydrogen storage material is heated, it will provide hydrogen to the stack through a combined valve at a pressure of 15-65kpa, so that when not in use, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is relatively high. Small (low-pressure hydrogen storage in the general sense), and will not cause harm to users.
在进一步实施例中，所述组合阀为多功能集成阀，所述组合阀包括：阀体、连接口、充气口、出气口、控制阀、安全阀和调压阀；其中，连接口与所述瓶体的出气口连通，向所述阀体内传输氢气；充气口与所述连接口连通，单向接收氢气并传输至所述连接口；出气口与所述连接口连通，接收氢气并连接至一电堆，并向所述电堆提供15-65kpa的氢气，需要说明的是，对于本领域技术人员而言，在不影响其功能实现的前提下，将所述充气口和出气口合二为一；控制阀设置在充气口、出气口与所述连接口的连接点上，控制所述连接口与充气口通路、所述连接口与出气口通路的开闭；安全阀与所述连接口相连通，保证瓶体内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围；调压阀设置在所述连接口与出气口通路上，用于控制所述阀体内的气压。通过将多个功能阀进行组合设计成组合阀，所述组合阀的设计结构合理、集成度高、安全性能好、使用寿命长。进一步简化了氢燃料电动自行车的管路布置，减小管路之间相互交错缠绕的可能性，降低后期维护难度。In a further embodiment, the combined valve is a multifunctional integrated valve, and the combined valve includes: a valve body, a connecting port, an inflation port, an air outlet, a control valve, a safety valve, and a pressure regulating valve; The gas outlet of the bottle body is connected to transmit hydrogen into the valve body; the gas filling port is connected to the connection port to receive hydrogen in one direction and is transmitted to the connection port; the gas outlet is connected to the connection port to receive hydrogen and be connected To a stack, and provide 15-65kpa of hydrogen to the stack, it should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without affecting the realization of its function, the gas filling port and the gas outlet are combined Two is one; the control valve is set at the connection point of the inflation port, the air outlet and the connecting port, and controls the opening and closing of the connecting port and the inflating port passage, the connecting port and the air outlet passage; the safety valve and the connecting point The connecting port is connected to ensure that the internal pressure of the bottle body is controlled in a low pressure range of 1-3 MPa; a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connecting port and the air outlet and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body. By combining multiple functional valves to design a combined valve, the combined valve has a reasonable design structure, high integration, good safety performance, and long service life. It further simplifies the pipeline layout of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, reduces the possibility of intertwining the pipelines, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.
在进一步实施例中，包括具有截流功能的密封接头，所述密封接头包括第一接头和第二接头两部；其中，所述第一接头与出气口相连接，第二接头通过管路与电堆相连接，用于电堆供气。当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路，避免氢气泄漏；当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路连接至电堆，向电堆提供氢气；通过在出气口的阀口连接密封接头，在运输、更换储氢装置时，所述第一接头处于断路状态，自动封闭组合阀的出气口，提高了组合阀的气密性，进一步减小氢气泄露量。In a further embodiment, a sealing joint with a shut-off function is included. The sealing joint includes two parts: a first joint and a second joint; wherein, the first joint is connected to the air outlet, and the second joint is connected to the electrical outlet through a pipeline. The stack is connected for gas supply to the stack. When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a shut-off function to form an open circuit to avoid hydrogen leakage; when the second joint is plugged into the first joint, a passage is formed and connected through a pipeline To the stack, hydrogen is provided to the stack; by connecting the sealing joint at the valve port of the gas outlet, when the hydrogen storage device is transported or replaced, the first joint is in a disconnected state, and the gas outlet of the combined valve is automatically closed, which improves the combination The air tightness of the valve further reduces the leakage of hydrogen.
在进一步实施例中，所述瓶体由内至外依次包括内胆、缠绕层和外壳；瓶体由铝合金无缝材料及铝合金内胆碳纤维缠绕复合材料制成，容积为1000～5000ml，与常见的钢瓶相比，重量可减轻40％-70％，同时具有安全性高、易于携带的特点，且铝合金经氧化后具有独特的耐腐蚀特性。In a further embodiment, the bottle body includes an inner liner, a winding layer, and an outer shell in turn from the inside to the outside; the bottle body is made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material, with a volume of 1000-5000ml, Compared with common steel cylinders, the weight can be reduced by 40%-70%. At the same time, it has the characteristics of high safety, easy to carry, and the aluminum alloy has unique corrosion resistance characteristics after oxidation.
在进一步实施例中，为了实现储氢装置可低压储氢，储氢装置还包括有加热元件及电连接元件。其中，加热元件的设置可使得储氢装置预存储固态储氢材料时，所存的固态储氢材料可以较少，或所存的为液氢、储氢粉末等，将储氢瓶内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围内，经组合阀调压器向电堆提供氢气压力为15-65kpa。在加热元件对内部固态储氢材料加热时，由于固态储氢材料温度的升高以及储氢装置的封闭性，内部固态储氢材料的压力逐渐提高，并汽化为氢气，直至可被使用的压力范围，由此，可在高压使用场景下使用。对此，加热元件将沿储氢装置的轴向(即长度方向)从瓶体的底部伸入 瓶体的中部，且延伸长度受限，不与储氢装置的整个轴向相同，从而在加热元件伸入后，其最远端，也可以说是加热端，与瓶体的瓶口相隔，不阻碍储氢装置的瓶口向外传输固态储氢材料。In a further embodiment, in order to realize that the hydrogen storage device can store hydrogen at low pressure, the hydrogen storage device further includes a heating element and an electrical connection element. Among them, the setting of the heating element can make the hydrogen storage device pre-store the solid hydrogen storage material, the stored solid hydrogen storage material can be less, or the stored hydrogen can be liquid hydrogen, hydrogen storage powder, etc., and the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle can be controlled at 1 Within the low pressure range of -3MPa, the pressure of hydrogen supplied to the stack via the combined valve regulator is 15-65kpa. When the heating element heats the internal solid hydrogen storage material, due to the increase in the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material and the closure of the hydrogen storage device, the pressure of the internal solid hydrogen storage material gradually increases and vaporizes into hydrogen until it can be used. The range, therefore, can be used in high-pressure use scenarios. In this regard, the heating element will extend from the bottom of the bottle body to the middle of the bottle body along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage device (that is, the length direction), and the extension length is limited, which is not the same as the entire axial direction of the hydrogen storage device. After the element is extended, its farthest end, which can be said to be the heating end, is separated from the bottle mouth of the bottle body, which does not hinder the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device from transferring solid hydrogen storage materials.
可以理解的是，上述加热元件伸入储氢装置，并非限定伸入储氢装置的内部。反之，当储氢装置为非规则形状时，加热元件将伸入到瓶体的外部中心，而当储氢装置为规则形状时，加热元件可伸入到瓶体的内部，或加热元件部分深入到瓶体的外部中心，另一部分伸入到瓶体的内部，通过接触传导或辐射传导的方式，在生成热量后将热量传输至固态储氢材料，从而对固态储氢材料加热。It is understandable that the above-mentioned heating element extends into the hydrogen storage device, and it is not limited to extend into the inside of the hydrogen storage device. Conversely, when the hydrogen storage device has an irregular shape, the heating element will extend into the outer center of the bottle, and when the hydrogen storage device has a regular shape, the heating element can extend into the inside of the bottle, or the heating element can be partially deep. To the outer center of the bottle body, the other part extends into the inside of the bottle body. Through contact conduction or radiation conduction, the heat is generated and transferred to the solid hydrogen storage material, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material.
在进一步实施例中，所述瓶体上设置有向瓶体内部凹陷的槽体，用于放置所述槽体加热元件。所述槽体包括内层和外层，在所述内层和外层之间形成第一腔体，在所述第一腔体内装有加热介质，所述加热介质包括但不限于水、硅油、导热油，作为传导介质，也作为隔热介质，通过对热量传导路径配置对储氢装置和固态储氢材料进行加热，使得对固态储氢材料的加热过程更为稳定、安全。在本发明中，所述加热介质优选为水；由于水具有更高的比热容，升温过程更为平滑，使得对固态储氢材料的加热过程更为稳定、安全。In a further embodiment, a tank recessed toward the inside of the bottle body is provided on the bottle body for placing the tank body heating element. The tank body includes an inner layer and an outer layer. A first cavity is formed between the inner layer and the outer layer. A heating medium is installed in the first cavity. The heating medium includes, but is not limited to, water and silicone oil. , Heat conduction oil, as a conductive medium and also as a heat insulating medium, heat the hydrogen storage device and the solid hydrogen storage material by configuring the heat conduction path to make the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material more stable and safe. In the present invention, the heating medium is preferably water; because water has a higher specific heat capacity, the heating process is smoother, so that the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material is more stable and safer.
除加热元件外，所述储氢装置还包括电连接元件，其与加热元件电连接，并露出于瓶体。加热元件的能量源来自于该电连接元件，电连接元件与一外部电源连接，上电后，外部电源向电连接元件传输电能，再由电连接元件传输电能至加热元件，加热元件在接收到电能后，将电能转化为热量，从而对固态储氢材料加热，提高储氢装置内的固态储氢材料压力。In addition to the heating element, the hydrogen storage device also includes an electrical connection element, which is electrically connected to the heating element and exposed to the bottle body. The energy source of the heating element comes from the electrical connection element. The electrical connection element is connected to an external power source. After power on, the external power source transmits electrical energy to the electrical connection element, and then the electrical connection element transmits electrical energy to the heating element. The heating element receives After the electrical energy is generated, the electrical energy is converted into heat, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material and increasing the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device.
相反的，当所述储氢装置温度过高时，会导致储氢装置内的压力过大，可能出现氢泄露，甚至是爆炸。因此储氢装置还包括有降温元件，所述降温元件作为应急保护元件，在出现持续高温或者火烧等情况时，降低储氢装置的内部温度，给所述固态储氢材料快速降温，控制所述储氢瓶内部压力维持在1-3MPa的低压范围内，实现温度泄压，提高储氢瓶的安全性能；具体而言，当温度达到阈值时，触发指令，并发送至降温元件，基于该指令启动降温元件，对储氢瓶进行降温。所述降温元件可以采用物理降温(例如循环制冷系统)或化学降温等多种形式。在本发明中所述降温元件优选为化学降温，包括至少一种吸热反应物，所述吸热反应物为响应触发而引起的吸热效应；例如，当温度达到阈值，后将铵盐、硝酸盐溶解于水，触发吸热反应，实现降温效果。On the contrary, when the temperature of the hydrogen storage device is too high, the pressure in the hydrogen storage device will be too high, and hydrogen leakage or even explosion may occur. Therefore, the hydrogen storage device also includes a cooling element. The cooling element is used as an emergency protection element to reduce the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage device in the event of continuous high temperature or fire, so as to quickly cool the solid hydrogen storage material, and control the The internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is maintained in the low pressure range of 1-3MPa to achieve temperature relief and improve the safety performance of the hydrogen storage bottle; specifically, when the temperature reaches the threshold, the command is triggered and sent to the cooling element, based on the command Start the cooling element to cool the hydrogen storage bottle. The cooling element can take various forms such as physical cooling (for example, a circulating refrigeration system) or chemical cooling. In the present invention, the cooling element is preferably a chemical cooling, including at least one endothermic reactant, the endothermic reactant is an endothermic effect caused in response to a trigger; for example, when the temperature reaches a threshold, the ammonium salt, Nitrate dissolves in water, triggers an endothermic reaction, and achieves a cooling effect.
在进一步实施例中，所述储氢装置还包括防护罩，用于保护储氢装置的出气口和组合阀；在所述防护罩的一侧印刷有身份识别标签，例如RFID/二维码；由于所述储氢装置的安装放置方向具有唯一性，因此，在本发明中所述身份识别标签的印刷方向与所述储氢装置的标准放置方向相同。用户可以通过身份识别标签的方向，进而判断所述储氢装置的方向性，保证储氢装置安装放置方向符合要求。In a further embodiment, the hydrogen storage device further includes a protective cover for protecting the air outlet and the combined valve of the hydrogen storage device; an identification label, such as an RFID/two-dimensional code, is printed on one side of the protective cover; Since the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is unique, the printing direction of the identification label in the present invention is the same as the standard placement direction of the hydrogen storage device. The user can judge the directionality of the hydrogen storage device through the direction of the identification tag to ensure that the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device meets the requirements.
下面结合附图和具体实施例，对上述技术方案做出进一步阐述。The above technical solutions will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
储氢装置100，包括：瓶体120、槽体121、加热层122、防滑槽123、开口124、容纳台阶125、第一腔体121a、内层121b、外层121c、加热元件126、电连接元件127；安全装置200，为一组合阀，包括阀体230、连接口231、充气口232、安全阀233、调压阀234、出气口235、控制阀236、阀体237；降温元件150、第二腔体151、触发式分隔件152、密封接头240、第一接头2410；防护罩160，防护罩本体161、身份识别标签162、低压出气口163；把手170、安装槽171、把手柄172、滑槽173、连杆174。The hydrogen storage device 100 includes: a bottle body 120, a tank body 121, a heating layer 122, a non-slip groove 123, an opening 124, a receiving step 125, a first cavity 121a, an inner layer 121b, an outer layer 121c, a heating element 126, and electrical connections Element 127; safety device 200, a combination valve, including valve body 230, connecting port 231, inflation port 232, safety valve 233, pressure regulating valve 234, air outlet 235, control valve 236, valve body 237; cooling element 150, The second cavity 151, the trigger partition 152, the sealing joint 240, the first joint 2410; the protective cover 160, the protective cover body 161, the identification tag 162, the low pressure air outlet 163; the handle 170, the installation groove 171, the handle 172 , Chute 173, connecting rod 174.
参阅图2至4，在该实施例中，加热元件126并不伸入瓶体120的内部，也就是说，加热元件126对固态储氢材料的加热方式为间接传导加热，而非直接接触加热。对此，瓶体120沿其轴向设有一槽体121，槽体121的形成可以是瓶体120的瓶底向瓶体120内部延伸，但瓶体120整体保持封闭状态，伸入部分形成的非规则形状为该槽体121，因此，槽体121与瓶体120的内部经瓶体120的壳壁断隔，使得槽体121与瓶体120内部分隔，槽体121仍与瓶体120的外部空间连通。2 to 4, in this embodiment, the heating element 126 does not extend into the inside of the bottle 120, that is, the heating method of the heating element 126 to the solid hydrogen storage material is indirect conduction heating instead of direct contact heating . In this regard, the bottle body 120 is provided with a groove body 121 along its axial direction. The groove body 121 can be formed by the bottom of the bottle body 120 extending toward the inside of the bottle body 120. The irregular shape is the tank body 121. Therefore, the tank body 121 and the inside of the bottle body 120 are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body 120, so that the tank body 121 is separated from the inside of the bottle body 120, and the tank body 121 is still connected to the bottle body 120. The external space is connected.
其中，所述槽体为双层结构，包括内层121b和外层121c，在所述内层121b和外层121c之间留有预定间隙，形成一个封闭的第一腔体121a，在所述第一腔体121a内装有加热介质，作为传导介质，也作为隔热介质，通过对热量传导路径配置对储氢装置和固态储氢材料进行加热，使得对固态储氢材料的加热过程更为稳定、安全。Wherein, the tank body has a double-layer structure, including an inner layer 121b and an outer layer 121c. A predetermined gap is left between the inner layer 121b and the outer layer 121c to form a closed first cavity 121a. A heating medium is installed in the first cavity 121a as a conductive medium and as a heat insulating medium. The hydrogen storage device and the solid hydrogen storage material are heated by configuring the heat conduction path to make the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material more stable. ,Safety.
具有该槽体121后，加热元件126将穿入该槽体121内，并与槽体121间隙配合，也即加热元件126的外表面与槽体121的内壁紧密接触，在加热元件126生热后，加热元件126首先需要对加热介质进行加热，然后对瓶体120加热，再由瓶体120传导热量至固态储氢材料。所述加热介质优选为水；由于水具有更高的比热容，升温过程更为平滑，可减缓对固态储氢材料的加热效率，但可更精准地控制固态储氢材料的加热温度。With the groove body 121, the heating element 126 will penetrate into the groove body 121 and be in clearance fit with the groove body 121, that is, the outer surface of the heating element 126 is in close contact with the inner wall of the groove body 121, and heat is generated in the heating element 126 After that, the heating element 126 first needs to heat the heating medium, then heat the bottle body 120, and then conduct heat from the bottle body 120 to the solid hydrogen storage material. The heating medium is preferably water; since water has a higher specific heat capacity, the heating process is smoother, which can slow down the heating efficiency of the solid hydrogen storage material, but can more accurately control the heating temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material.
可以理解的是，加热元件126与槽体121的配合并非限制于加热元件126的侧边每一处均与槽体121的内部间隙配合。也可以是加热元件126的外表面呈齿状或波形状， 齿状的高处或波形状的波峰处与槽体121接触传导，齿状的低处或波形状的波谷处与槽体121的内壁间还具有一空气层，该空气层既为隔热层，也为传导层，加热元件126生成的热量可通过空气层间接传导至瓶体120，同时也可控制加热元件126的传热总量。It can be understood that the cooperation between the heating element 126 and the groove body 121 is not limited to that every side of the heating element 126 is in clearance fit with the inside of the groove body 121. It can also be that the outer surface of the heating element 126 is toothed or wave-shaped, the tooth-shaped high part or wave-shaped wave crest is in contact with the tank 121 for conduction, and the tooth-shaped low part or wave-shaped wave trough is in contact with the tank 121. There is also an air layer between the inner walls. The air layer is both a heat insulation layer and a conductive layer. The heat generated by the heating element 126 can be indirectly transferred to the bottle body 120 through the air layer. At the same time, the total heat transfer of the heating element 126 can be controlled. quantity.
进一步地，加热元件126远离于电连接元件127的加热端不与槽体121直接接触，反之，槽体121沿瓶体120轴向上的长度大于加热元件126沿瓶体120轴向上的长度，从而使得加热元件126的加热端与槽体121的槽底间具有加热层122，该加热层122类同于上述空气层，加热元件126的热量经该加热层122传导至瓶体120，防止对固态储氢材料的加热过量。也就是说，具有该加热层122后，其既作为传导介质，也作为隔热介质，略为控制加热元件126对固态储氢材料的加热效率。Further, the heating end of the heating element 126 away from the electrical connection element 127 does not directly contact the tank 121. On the contrary, the length of the tank 121 in the axial direction of the bottle body 120 is greater than the length of the heating element 126 in the axial direction of the bottle body 120. , So that there is a heating layer 122 between the heating end of the heating element 126 and the bottom of the tank body 121. The heating layer 122 is similar to the above-mentioned air layer. The heat of the heating element 126 is conducted to the bottle body 120 through the heating layer 122 to prevent Excessive heating of the solid hydrogen storage material. That is to say, after the heating layer 122 is provided, it serves as both a conductive medium and a heat insulating medium, which slightly controls the heating efficiency of the heating element 126 to the solid hydrogen storage material.
通过对热量传导路径配置为加热元件126瓶体120固态储氢材料的方式，使得对固态储氢材料的加热过程更为稳定、安全。By configuring the heat conduction path as the solid hydrogen storage material of the heating element 126 and the bottle body 120, the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material is more stable and safer.
另一方面，所述储氢装置还包括降温元件150。所述降温元件150设置在所述第一腔体121a内部或一侧，通过触发式分隔件152与所述第一腔体121a隔开，形成第二腔体151，在所述第二腔体151内部储存有至少一种吸热反应物，在本实施例中所述吸热反应物为铵盐、硝酸盐。在高温条件下，触发所述触发式分隔件152开启，连通所述第二腔体151和第一腔体121a，触发所述吸热反应物，将铵盐、硝酸盐与水混合，引起吸热效应，降低加热介质的温度，进而瓶体、固态储氢材料的降温，降低瓶体内的温度，实现温度泄压。On the other hand, the hydrogen storage device further includes a cooling element 150. The cooling element 150 is arranged inside or on one side of the first cavity 121a, and is separated from the first cavity 121a by a trigger partition 152 to form a second cavity 151. At least one endothermic reactant is stored inside 151. In this embodiment, the endothermic reactant is ammonium salt and nitrate. Under high temperature conditions, the trigger partition 152 is triggered to open, connects the second cavity 151 and the first cavity 121a, triggers the endothermic reactant, mixes ammonium salt, nitrate and water to cause absorption The thermal effect reduces the temperature of the heating medium, thereby cooling the bottle body and the solid hydrogen storage material, lowering the temperature in the bottle body, and realizing temperature pressure relief.
所述触发式分隔件152可以为采用高温自动熔断的材料制成挡板，或者高温触发自动开启的阀门。例如，所述阀门包括但不限于磁控开关，选取合适居里点的磁性材料作为控制器，所述磁性材料可以为钕铁硼磁铁，当温度高于预定温度时，磁性材料转变成顺磁性，起到隔磁作用，自动开启分隔件，连通所述第二腔体151和第一腔体121a，触发降温元件150；反之，触发式分隔件152始终保持隔离状态。The trigger partition 152 may be a baffle made of a material that is automatically fused at a high temperature, or a valve that is automatically opened by a high temperature trigger. For example, the valve includes, but is not limited to, a magnetically controlled switch. A magnetic material with a suitable Curie point is selected as the controller. The magnetic material can be a neodymium iron boron magnet. When the temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature, the magnetic material turns into paramagnetism. , Plays the role of magnetic isolation, automatically opens the partition, connects the second cavity 151 and the first cavity 121a, and triggers the cooling element 150; on the contrary, the trigger partition 152 always maintains an isolated state.
通过材料特性实现自动触发降温元件150，无需获得温度信息，提高了降温元件150的响应时间，降低储氢装置的内部温度，控制所述储氢装置内部压力维持在1-3MPa的低压范围内。Automatic triggering of the cooling element 150 is realized through material characteristics without obtaining temperature information, which improves the response time of the cooling element 150, reduces the internal temperature of the hydrogen storage device, and controls the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device to maintain a low pressure range of 1-3 MPa.
安装加热元件126时，加热元件126的安装端具有外螺纹，槽体121的槽口处设有内螺纹；外螺纹与内螺纹配合，以将加热元件126固定至槽体121内。可选地，瓶体120的底部与槽体121的槽口齐平，使得瓶体120的底部呈平面型，则放置储氢装置100时， 可将瓶体120的底部直接贴合在放置表面上，不同于现有技术中的储氢装置100的形状，安装时更为方便。为防止储氢装置100倾倒，瓶体120的底部端面上开设有至少一条防滑槽123，防滑槽123的开设方向沿瓶体120的径向或与瓶体110的径向呈一预设角度，例如斜向设置，或多个预设角度下的防滑槽123，以产生不同方向上的摩擦力，从而更进一步地加强防滑效果。When the heating element 126 is installed, the installation end of the heating element 126 has an external thread, and the slot of the groove body 121 is provided with an internal thread; the external thread and the internal thread are matched to fix the heating element 126 in the groove body 121. Optionally, the bottom of the bottle body 120 is flush with the notch of the tank body 121, so that the bottom of the bottle body 120 is flat. When the hydrogen storage device 100 is placed, the bottom of the bottle body 120 can be directly attached to the placement surface. Above, different from the shape of the hydrogen storage device 100 in the prior art, it is more convenient to install. In order to prevent the hydrogen storage device 100 from tipping over, at least one anti-slip groove 123 is provided on the bottom end surface of the bottle body 120. The opening direction of the anti-slip groove 123 is along the radial direction of the bottle body 120 or is at a predetermined angle with the radial direction of the bottle body 110. For example, the non-slip grooves 123 are arranged obliquely or have a plurality of preset angles to generate friction in different directions, thereby further enhancing the anti-slip effect.
优选地或可选地，所述加热元件126为电阻丝，并内置有一温度传感器，或温度传感器外置于电阻丝，对电阻丝的温度检测，以供用户实时监测加热元件126的加热过程。另一方面，电连接元件127具有插接口，外部电源插入插接口内，从而接收电能。Preferably or alternatively, the heating element 126 is a resistance wire with a built-in temperature sensor, or the temperature sensor is placed outside the resistance wire to detect the temperature of the resistance wire, so that the user can monitor the heating process of the heating element 126 in real time. On the other hand, the electrical connection element 127 has a plug-in interface, and an external power source is inserted into the plug-in interface to receive power.
优选地或可选地，瓶体120接收电连接元件127处设有一容纳台阶125，容纳台阶125的径向宽度大于加热元件126的径向宽度，则加热元件126可从容纳台阶125处穿入，而电连接元件127的径向宽度与容纳台阶125匹配，使得电连接元件127与容纳台阶125接触安装时，随着加热元件126的伸入，电连接元件127将被容纳台阶125阻挡，其可伸入瓶体120中部的位移被容纳台阶125限制，且电连接元件127部分突出于瓶体120外，方便用户插接外部电源。具有上述设计后，容纳台阶125处可配置有额外地与电连接元件127固定连接的设计，例如卡合式、螺纹式等，进一步稳固加热元件126与瓶体120的安装关系，防止内部固态储氢材料压力增加后，将加热元件126顶出的问题。Preferably or alternatively, the bottle body 120 is provided with a receiving step 125 where the electrical connection element 127 is received. The radial width of the receiving step 125 is greater than the radial width of the heating element 126, and the heating element 126 can penetrate from the receiving step 125. , And the radial width of the electrical connection element 127 matches the receiving step 125, so that when the electrical connection element 127 is installed in contact with the receiving step 125, as the heating element 126 extends, the electrical connection element 127 will be blocked by the receiving step 125. The displacement that can extend into the middle of the bottle body 120 is restricted by the receiving step 125, and the electrical connection element 127 partially protrudes from the bottle body 120, which is convenient for the user to plug in an external power source. With the above design, the accommodating step 125 can be equipped with an additional design that is fixedly connected to the electrical connection element 127, such as a snap-in type, a threaded type, etc., to further stabilize the installation relationship between the heating element 126 and the bottle body 120 and prevent internal solid hydrogen storage After the material pressure increases, the heating element 126 is ejected from the problem.
可以理解的是，为实现储氢装置100整体形状的一致性，电连接元件127也可不突出于瓶体120外，例如略为凹陷于容纳台阶125处，或与容纳台阶125齐平。当电连接元件127略为凹陷于容纳台阶125处时，可在容纳台阶125处再额外设置一封口端，在电连接元件127不与外部电源连接时，将封口端封合容纳台阶125，将电连接元件127隐藏在内部，需使用时才打开。It can be understood that, in order to achieve the consistency of the overall shape of the hydrogen storage device 100, the electrical connection element 127 may not protrude from the bottle body 120, for example, is slightly recessed at the receiving step 125 or flush with the receiving step 125. When the electrical connection element 127 is slightly recessed at the accommodating step 125, an additional sealing end can be provided at the accommodating step 125. When the electrical connection element 127 is not connected to an external power source, the sealing end is sealed to the accommodating step 125, and the electrical The connecting element 127 is hidden inside and is only opened when needed.
优选地或可选地，参阅图5至6，储氢系统还包括采用组合阀的安全装置200，设于瓶体120的瓶口；组合阀包括：阀体230；连接口231，与所述瓶体的出气口连通，向所述阀体230内传输氢气；充气口232，与所述连接口231连通，单向接收氢气并传输至所述连接口231；出气口235，与所述连接口231连通，接收氢气并连接至一电堆，并向所述电堆提供氢气；控制阀236，设置在充气口232、出气口235与所述连接口231的连接点上，控制所述连接口231与充气口232通路、所述连接口231与出气口235通路的开闭；安全阀233，与所述连接口231相连通，保证瓶体内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围；调压阀234，设置在所述连接口231与出气口235通路上，用于控制所述 阀体230内的气压。通过将多个功能阀进行组合设计成组合阀，所述组合阀的设计结构合理、集成度高、安全性能好、使用寿命长。进一步简化了氢燃料电动自行车的管路布置，减小管路之间相互交错缠绕的可能性，降低后期维护难度。Preferably or alternatively, referring to FIGS. 5 to 6, the hydrogen storage system further includes a safety device 200 using a combination valve, which is arranged at the bottle mouth of the bottle body 120; the combination valve includes: a valve body 230; The gas outlet of the bottle body is connected to transmit hydrogen gas into the valve body 230; the gas filling port 232 is connected to the connecting port 231 to receive hydrogen in one direction and is transmitted to the connecting port 231; the gas outlet 235 is connected to the connecting port 231 The port 231 communicates, receives hydrogen and connects to an electric stack, and provides hydrogen to the electric stack; a control valve 236 is set at the connection point of the charging port 232, the gas outlet 235 and the connection port 231 to control the connection The opening and closing of the passage between the port 231 and the inflation port 232, the connection port 231 and the air outlet 235; the safety valve 233 is connected to the connection port 231 to ensure that the internal pressure of the bottle is controlled within the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa; The pressure valve 234 is arranged on the passage between the connecting port 231 and the air outlet 235 and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body 230. By combining multiple functional valves to design a combined valve, the combined valve has a reasonable design structure, high integration, good safety performance, and long service life. It further simplifies the pipeline layout of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, reduces the possibility of intertwining the pipelines, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.
优选地或可选地，所述充气口232和出气口235合二为一，形成通气口，并在所述通气口与连接口231的通道上设置有双向阀，在充气过程中，所述双向阀保证氢气由通气口向所述连接口231的单向流通；在出气过程中，所述双向阀保证氢气由连接口231向所述通气口单向流通。或者，参阅附图6，在所述通气口和连接口231之间设置有两个通气管路，在两个通气管道上分别设有单向阀，一个单向阀保证供气至电堆，一个单向阀保证充气至瓶体内。通过对阀体内的通气管路进行设计，减少组合阀对外的连接接口，使阀体的集成度高、结构合理紧凑、重量轻，降低气体泄漏的风险。Preferably or alternatively, the inflation port 232 and the air outlet 235 are combined into one to form a vent, and a two-way valve is provided on the passage between the vent and the connection port 231. During the inflation process, the The two-way valve ensures the one-way flow of hydrogen from the vent to the connection port 231; during the gas outlet process, the two-way valve ensures the one-way flow of hydrogen from the connection port 231 to the vent. Or, referring to FIG. 6, two vent pipes are provided between the vent and the connection port 231, and the two vent pipes are respectively provided with one-way valves, and one one-way valve ensures the supply of gas to the stack, A one-way valve ensures inflation into the bottle. Through the design of the vent pipeline in the valve body, the external connection interface of the combined valve is reduced, so that the valve body has a high degree of integration, a reasonable and compact structure, and a light weight, thereby reducing the risk of gas leakage.
优选地或可选地，所述密封接头240具有截流功能，所述密封接头2400包括第一接头2410和第二接头两部；其中，所述第一接头2410与出气口235相连接，第二接头通过管路与电堆相连接，用于电堆供气。当第一接头2410与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头2410具有截流功能，形成断路，避免氢气泄漏；当第二接头插接于第一接头2410时，形成通路，并通过管路连接至电堆，并向电堆提供氢气；通过在出气口235的阀口连接密封接头240，在运输、更换储氢装置时，所述第一接头2410处于断路状态，自动封闭出气口235，提高了组合阀的气密性，进一步减小氢气泄露量。Preferably or alternatively, the sealing joint 240 has a flow shutoff function, and the sealing joint 2400 includes a first joint 2410 and a second joint; wherein, the first joint 2410 is connected to the air outlet 235, and the second joint 2410 is connected to the air outlet 235. The joint is connected to the stack through a pipeline for gas supply to the stack. When the first connector 2410 and the second connector are in a disconnected state, the first connector 2410 has the function of intercepting the flow to form a circuit to avoid hydrogen leakage; when the second connector is plugged into the first connector 2410, a passage is formed and passes The pipeline is connected to the stack and supplies hydrogen to the stack; by connecting the sealing joint 240 at the valve port of the gas outlet 235, when the hydrogen storage device is transported or replaced, the first joint 2410 is in a disconnected state and the gas outlet is automatically closed 235. Improve the air tightness of the combined valve and further reduce the leakage of hydrogen.
优选地或可选地，所述储氢装置还包括防护罩160，防护罩160包括防护罩本体161安装在所述储氢瓶的出气口处，与所述瓶体密封连接；与所述防护罩本体161与组合阀之间为一体式结构，一方面用于保护储氢装置的出气口和组合阀，另一方面，防护罩本体161与组合阀相结合形成一个安全组合阀，可用于气体泄漏的安全管控；在所述防护罩本体161的一侧印刷有身份识别标签162，例如RFID/二维码，在所述防护罩本体161的另一侧密封接头240穿过所述防护罩本体161，露出于防护罩本体161，形成低压出气口163，方便与第二接头相连接，为电堆提供低压氢气；由于所述储氢装置的安装放置方向具有唯一性，因此，在本发明中所述身份识别标签162的印刷方向与所述储氢装置的标准安装放置方向相同。用户可以通过身份识别标签162的方向，进而判断所述储氢装置的方向性，保证储氢装置安装放置方向符合要求。Preferably or alternatively, the hydrogen storage device further includes a protective cover 160, and the protective cover 160 includes a protective cover body 161 installed at the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle, and sealedly connected with the bottle body; The cover body 161 and the combined valve are an integrated structure. On the one hand, it is used to protect the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device and the combined valve. On the other hand, the protective cover body 161 is combined with the combined valve to form a safety combined valve, which can be used for gas Safety control of leakage; an identification tag 162, such as an RFID/two-dimensional code, is printed on one side of the protective cover body 161, and a sealing joint 240 is passed through the protective cover body on the other side of the protective cover body 161 161. Exposure to the protective cover body 161 to form a low-pressure air outlet 163, which is convenient to connect with the second joint to provide low-pressure hydrogen for the stack; because the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is unique, therefore, in the present invention The printing direction of the identification label 162 is the same as the standard installation direction of the hydrogen storage device. The user can judge the directionality of the hydrogen storage device through the direction of the identification tag 162 to ensure that the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device meets the requirements.
在使用上述身份识别标签162时，用户通过扫描设备获取所述储氢装置相关联的RFID/二维码的标签ID，然后通过通讯单元传送至服务终端，获取储氢装置的相关信息， 包括但不限于如下信息：储氢装置的编号、生产日期、储氢装置的相关参数、最近多次的充氢时间和充氢量、储氢装置内储氢量。需要说明是上述信息随着储氢装置的加工、运输、使用进行实时更新。When using the aforementioned identification tag 162, the user obtains the tag ID of the RFID/two-dimensional code associated with the hydrogen storage device through the scanning device, and then transmits it to the service terminal through the communication unit to obtain relevant information of the hydrogen storage device, including but It is not limited to the following information: the number of the hydrogen storage device, the date of production, the relevant parameters of the hydrogen storage device, the most recent hydrogen charging time and amount, and the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device. It should be noted that the above information is updated in real time as the hydrogen storage device is processed, transported, and used.
优选地或可选地，所述身份识别标签162固定安装在所述防护罩内侧，其识别区域通过设置在防护罩本体161上的镂空或透明区域，露出在防护罩本体161的外侧，用于识别设备的识别和信息更新。基于上述设计，用户只能在打开所述防护罩本体161的前提下，拆卸或安装所述身份识别标签162，当所述防护罩安装在瓶体上后，无法防护罩外侧对身份识别标签162进行安装和拆卸。因此，具有更好的稳定性，避免了人为因素或自然因素导致的身份识别标签162脱落。Preferably or alternatively, the identification tag 162 is fixedly installed inside the protective cover, and its identification area is exposed on the outer side of the protective cover body 161 through a hollow or transparent area provided on the protective cover body 161. The identification and information update of the identification device. Based on the above design, the user can only disassemble or install the identification label 162 on the premise of opening the protective cover body 161. When the protective cover is installed on the bottle body, the identification label 162 cannot be displayed on the outside of the protective cover. Perform installation and removal. Therefore, it has better stability, and prevents the identification tag 162 from falling off caused by human factors or natural factors.
优选地或可选地，在所述瓶体120或防护罩本体161上安装有把手170，且所述把手170为可折叠式把手170，具体地，参阅图7，所述把手包括：设置在所述瓶体外壳内部或语所述外壳外联的安装槽171，一端与所述安装槽171的顶部铰接的把手柄172，在所述把手柄172的另一端设置有轴向的滑槽173，以及一端与所述安装槽171底部铰接、另一端卡设在所述滑槽173上的连杆174。用户在使用所述把手170时，只需要将把手柄172底部向外拉出，所述连杆向下运动，从而使得所述把手柄172与安装槽171之间存在一个空间，形成把手170。反之，当无需使用把手170时，只需将所述把手柄172放置于所述安装槽171内，大大减小了储氢装置100的占用空间，在批量运输的过程中，提高储氢装置的运输效率。需要说明的是，图7中示例性的将把手170安装在瓶体120外部，并不能理解为对所述把手170的安装位置的限制，对于本领域技术人员而言所述把手170可以安装在所述瓶体120、防护罩161或是其它方便固定的位置。Preferably or alternatively, a handle 170 is installed on the bottle body 120 or the protective cover body 161, and the handle 170 is a foldable handle 170. Specifically, referring to FIG. 7, the handle includes: The mounting groove 171 inside the bottle shell or externally connected to the housing has a handle 172 hinged at one end to the top of the mounting groove 171, and an axial sliding groove 173 is provided at the other end of the handle 172 , And a connecting rod 174 whose one end is hinged to the bottom of the mounting groove 171 and the other end is clamped on the sliding groove 173. When using the handle 170, the user only needs to pull out the bottom of the handle 172, and the connecting rod moves downward, so that there is a space between the handle 172 and the installation groove 171 to form the handle 170. Conversely, when the handle 170 is not needed, only the handle 172 needs to be placed in the installation groove 171, which greatly reduces the occupied space of the hydrogen storage device 100, and improves the performance of the hydrogen storage device during bulk transportation. Transportation efficiency. It should be noted that the exemplary installation of the handle 170 outside the bottle body 120 in FIG. 7 cannot be understood as a restriction on the installation position of the handle 170. For those skilled in the art, the handle 170 can be installed The bottle body 120, the protective cover 161 or other convenient fixed positions.
具有上述储氢装置后，可将其应用至氢燃料电动自行车上，该氢燃料电动自行车包括电机及与电机连接的电堆，电堆进一步连接至储氢装置，以接收排出的氢气，从而利用氢气压生成电能。With the above-mentioned hydrogen storage device, it can be applied to a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle. The hydrogen fuel electric bicycle includes a motor and a stack connected to the motor. The stack is further connected to the hydrogen storage device to receive the discharged hydrogen, thereby using Hydrogen pressure generates electricity.
参阅图23，为提高低压储氢装置的放氢效率，示出了一用于储氢装置的温度控制系统。储氢装置包括有瓶体、设于瓶体的出气口的阀体，其中储氢装置内的固态储氢材料被加热后，经阀体调压器向电堆提供氢气压力为15-50kpa，使得在未使用时，储氢装置的内部压力较小(普遍意义上的低压储氢)，不会对用户产生危害，其内存储的可以是液氢、氢粉等。当需要使用或提高内部放氢效率时，可对储氢装置进行加热，对此，温度控制系统还包括温度监测设备及加热设备，温度监测设备设于储氢装置内，例如可与 对储氢装置的压力监测的压力阀的同位置处，固定安装有温度传感器，用作为温度监测设备，温度监测设备工作时，将监测储氢装置的瓶体内的温度，也即直接地实时监测固态储氢材料的温度，对于该固态储氢材料的温度，温度监测设备生成一温度信号，其内承载有固态储氢材料的当前温度信息。另一方面，加热设备可设置于储氢装置内或设于储氢装置的外部，当工作时，可对固态储氢材料直接地或间接地加热，例如当加热设备设于储氢装置外时，则加热设备生成的热量先传到至瓶体，将传导至固态储氢材料；当加热设备放置在瓶体内部时，加热设备生成的热量将直接地辐射或传到至固态储氢材料，从而升高固态储氢材料的温度。由于储氢装置的封闭性，在质量一定时，固态储氢材料的压力也将随之提高，也即从低压状态转化为高压状态。Referring to Figure 23, in order to improve the hydrogen discharge efficiency of the low-pressure hydrogen storage device, a temperature control system for the hydrogen storage device is shown. The hydrogen storage device includes a bottle body and a valve body arranged at the gas outlet of the bottle body. After the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device is heated, the hydrogen pressure of 15-50kpa is provided to the stack through the valve body pressure regulator. When not in use, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device is low (low-pressure hydrogen storage in a general sense), which will not cause harm to users, and the storage can be liquid hydrogen, hydrogen powder, etc. When it is necessary to use or improve the internal hydrogen release efficiency, the hydrogen storage device can be heated. For this, the temperature control system also includes temperature monitoring equipment and heating equipment. The temperature monitoring equipment is located in the hydrogen storage device, for example, it can At the same position of the pressure valve for pressure monitoring of the device, a temperature sensor is fixedly installed to be used as a temperature monitoring device. When the temperature monitoring device is working, it will monitor the temperature in the cylinder of the hydrogen storage device, that is, directly monitor the solid hydrogen storage in real time. The temperature of the material, for the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material, the temperature monitoring device generates a temperature signal, which carries the current temperature information of the solid hydrogen storage material. On the other hand, the heating device can be installed in the hydrogen storage device or outside the hydrogen storage device. When working, it can directly or indirectly heat the solid hydrogen storage material, for example, when the heating device is installed outside the hydrogen storage device. , The heat generated by the heating device is first transferred to the bottle body and will be conducted to the solid hydrogen storage material; when the heating device is placed inside the bottle body, the heat generated by the heating device will be directly radiated or transferred to the solid hydrogen storage material. Thereby increasing the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material. Due to the closed nature of the hydrogen storage device, when the quality is constant, the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material will also increase, that is, it will transform from a low pressure state to a high pressure state.
由于对固态储氢材料的加热不可无限制，因此温度控制系统还包括有温度控制模块，分别与温度监测设备和加热设备电连接，温度监测设备所形成的温度信号将被发送至温度控制模块，在温度控制模块内，预存有一温度阈值，该温度阈值反应储氢装置的期望工作温度，或是其内固态储氢材料在期望放氢速度下的温度。温度控制模块将对当前温度与温度阈值比较，若温度信号承载的当前温度的信息低于温度阈值时，表示处于低压下的固态储氢材料的温度较低，此时的放氢速度将达不到期望，因此，温度控制模块将生成一激活指令，并发送至加热设备，基于该激活指令，加热设备将开始工作，对储氢装置内的固态储氢材料加热，固态储氢材料的温度升高后，将提高其放氢速度，满足正常使用的要求。Since the heating of the solid hydrogen storage material is not unlimited, the temperature control system also includes a temperature control module, which is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device and the heating device, and the temperature signal formed by the temperature monitoring device will be sent to the temperature control module. In the temperature control module, a temperature threshold is pre-stored, and the temperature threshold reflects the expected operating temperature of the hydrogen storage device, or the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material at the expected hydrogen release rate. The temperature control module compares the current temperature with the temperature threshold. If the current temperature information carried by the temperature signal is lower than the temperature threshold, it indicates that the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material under low pressure is lower, and the hydrogen release rate at this time will not reach As expected, therefore, the temperature control module will generate an activation command and send it to the heating device. Based on the activation command, the heating device will start working to heat the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device, and the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material will rise. After high, the hydrogen release rate will be increased to meet the requirements of normal use.
一优选实施例中，温度控制模块包括温度比较电路、加热控制电路及加热保护电路。具体地，温度比较电路与温度监测设备电连接，其内存储有上述温度阈值(可以是具体数值或数据范围)，其将接收温度信号并对当前温度与温度阈值比较；加热控制电路与温度比较电路及加热设备电连接，温度比较电路的比较结果，如当前温度大于温度阈值、当前温度等于温度阈值、当前温度小于温度阈值等，将被发送至加热控制电路，基于不同的比较结果，生成不同的指令，例如当前温度大于温度阈值或当前温度等于温度阈值时，表示储氢装置内的放氢速度足够，当前温度小于温度阈值时，则将生成该激活指令；加热保护电路设置在加热控制电路与加热设备间，将监测整个温度控制模块的工作状态，当温度控制模块出现故障，例如断路、短路等，将切断加热控制电路至加热设备的加热链路，保护加热设备。In a preferred embodiment, the temperature control module includes a temperature comparison circuit, a heating control circuit, and a heating protection circuit. Specifically, the temperature comparison circuit is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, and the above temperature threshold value (which can be a specific value or data range) is stored in it, and it will receive the temperature signal and compare the current temperature with the temperature threshold; the heating control circuit compares with the temperature The circuit and the heating device are electrically connected. The comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit, such as the current temperature is greater than the temperature threshold, the current temperature is equal to the temperature threshold, the current temperature is less than the temperature threshold, etc., will be sent to the heating control circuit, and based on the different comparison results, different For example, when the current temperature is greater than the temperature threshold or the current temperature is equal to the temperature threshold, it means that the hydrogen discharge rate in the hydrogen storage device is sufficient. When the current temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the activation command will be generated; the heating protection circuit is set in the heating control circuit Between the heating device and the heating device, the working status of the entire temperature control module will be monitored. When the temperature control module fails, such as open circuit, short circuit, etc., the heating link from the heating control circuit to the heating device will be cut off to protect the heating device.
更进一步地，温度控制模块还包括时钟单元，与加热控制电路电连接，向激活指令 添加时钟信息，其中，时钟信息包括加热时间t；加热时间t基于以下公式计算所得：t＝(温度阈值-当前温度)*时间阈值/温度阈值差，温度阈值差与时间阈值基于一测试温度和测试时间预存所得。除上述加热时间t外，也可对加热时间t设置为一固定值，在该所设定的加热时间t内，将维持对加热设备的激活，加热时间t完毕后，将结束激活。加热时间t的计算公式内，还可添加权重值，权重值根据使用的场景(地区信息、季节信息等)调节加热时间t，从而根据不同的使用情况随时调节加热时间t。Furthermore, the temperature control module further includes a clock unit, which is electrically connected to the heating control circuit, and adds clock information to the activation instruction, where the clock information includes the heating time t; the heating time t is calculated based on the following formula: t = (temperature threshold- Current temperature)*time threshold value/temperature threshold value difference, the temperature threshold value difference and the time threshold value are based on a test temperature and a test time pre-stored. In addition to the heating time t mentioned above, the heating time t can also be set to a fixed value. During the set heating time t, the activation of the heating device will be maintained. After the heating time t is completed, the activation will end. In the calculation formula of the heating time t, a weight value can also be added. The weight value adjusts the heating time t according to the used scene (regional information, seasonal information, etc.), so as to adjust the heating time t at any time according to different usage conditions.
优选地，在一实施例中，即便是在加热设备激活的状态下，加热状态也将实时调整，例如，当加热时间t后，温度监测设备对储氢装置的监测结果为，更新后的当前温度仍低于温度阈值时，温度控制模块将再次生成激活指令，并将激活指令发送至加热设备，控制加热设备继续工作。可以理解的是，若再次加热下，当前温度仍低于温度阈值时，反复执行上述步骤，直至当前温度高于或等于温度阈值；若在加热时间t内，即加热过程中当前温度已高于温度阈值时，表示加热过程提供的热量足够，则温度控制模块将当前温度与温度阈值计算一两者的差值，并将该差值与温度控制模块内预存的一预设差值比较，当当前温度与温度阈值的差值大于预设差值，提前于加热时间t内发送断开指令至加热设备，也就是说，在加热时间t内，加热效果已满足，且不仅是恰好满足，而是具有一部分冗余量时，将提前结束加热过程。Preferably, in an embodiment, even when the heating device is activated, the heating state will be adjusted in real time. For example, after the heating time t, the monitoring result of the hydrogen storage device by the temperature monitoring device is the updated current When the temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature control module will generate an activation instruction again and send the activation instruction to the heating device to control the heating device to continue working. It is understandable that if the current temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold under heating again, repeat the above steps until the current temperature is higher than or equal to the temperature threshold; if it is within the heating time t, that is, the current temperature is higher than the temperature during the heating process. The temperature threshold indicates that the heat provided by the heating process is sufficient. The temperature control module calculates the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold, and compares the difference with a preset difference pre-stored in the temperature control module. The difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold is greater than the preset difference, and the disconnection command is sent to the heating device in advance of the heating time t, that is, the heating effect has been met during the heating time t, and not only is it just met, and If there is some redundancy, the heating process will be ended early.
一优选实施例中，温度监测设备为温度传感器，固定于瓶体内，并与阀体连接，同时可与对储氢装置内压力监测的压力传感器同位设置。加热设备呈带状并围设于瓶体的外部。或其他优选实施例中加热设备伸入瓶体，用于给储氢装置加热，同时温度监测设备固定在加热设备上，与加热设备一体成型(加热设备本身为具有温度监测设备的加热组件)或温度监测设备安装在加热设备上。加热设备的端部设有插接口，温度控制模块具有电连接件，电连接件插入插接口以与加热设备连接，通过向加热设备提供电能，由加热设备将电能转化为热能。另一种实施方式中，电连接件还包括有热传导元件，温度监测设备具有的余热将通过热传导元件传输至加热装置内，通过该热量补偿的机制，可进一步节省能源。In a preferred embodiment, the temperature monitoring device is a temperature sensor, which is fixed in the bottle body and connected to the valve body. At the same time, it can be arranged in the same position as the pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the hydrogen storage device. The heating device is in the shape of a belt and is enclosed on the outside of the bottle body. Or in other preferred embodiments, the heating device extends into the bottle to heat the hydrogen storage device, while the temperature monitoring device is fixed on the heating device and is integrally formed with the heating device (the heating device itself is a heating component with temperature monitoring equipment) or The temperature monitoring equipment is installed on the heating equipment. The end of the heating device is provided with a plug-in interface, and the temperature control module has an electrical connector. The electrical connector is inserted into the plug-in interface to connect with the heating device. By supplying electrical energy to the heating device, the heating device converts the electrical energy into heat energy. In another embodiment, the electrical connector further includes a heat conduction element, and the residual heat of the temperature monitoring device will be transferred to the heating device through the heat conduction element. The heat compensation mechanism can further save energy.
参阅图24，一实施例中，还示出了一种用于储氢装置的温度控制方法，包括以下步骤：Referring to FIG. 24, in an embodiment, a temperature control method for a hydrogen storage device is also shown, including the following steps:
S100：设于储氢装置内的温度监测设备监测储氢装置内的温度，并形成一包括当前温度的温度信号；S100: The temperature monitoring device provided in the hydrogen storage device monitors the temperature in the hydrogen storage device, and forms a temperature signal including the current temperature;
S200：一温度控制模块，与温度监测设备电连接，接收温度信号并将当前温度与一预设的温度阈值比较，当当前温度低于温度阈值时，温度控制模块生成激活指令；S200: A temperature control module, which is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives a temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature control module generates an activation instruction;
S300：一加热设备接收激活指令，并对储氢装置内的固态储氢材料加热。S300: A heating device receives the activation instruction and heats the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device.
参阅图25，另一实施例中，还示出了一种氢燃料电动自行车，包括如上所述的温度控制系统，储氢装置与氢燃料电动自行车的电池电堆控制模块连接，以向电池电堆控制单元提供氢气，电池电推控制单元与锂电池组连接，向锂电池输送电能，由锂电池向助力车功能；电池电堆控制单元还与助力车控制单元连接，助力车控制单元控制助力车内车锁及电机的工作状态，工作状态的控制逻辑由电池电堆控制单元生成。优选地，电池电堆控制单元还可向温度控制系统提供热能，也就是说，燃料电池电堆运行时产生的废热将热补偿至温度监测设备，节省能量。Referring to FIG. 25, in another embodiment, a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle is also shown, including the temperature control system as described above, and the hydrogen storage device is connected to the battery stack control module of the hydrogen fuel electric bicycle to supply electricity to the battery. The stack control unit provides hydrogen, and the battery electric push control unit is connected to the lithium battery pack to deliver electric energy to the lithium battery, and the lithium battery provides the function of the booster; the battery stack control unit is also connected to the booster control unit, and the booster control unit controls the inner lock of the booster And the working state of the motor, and the control logic of the working state is generated by the battery stack control unit. Preferably, the battery stack control unit can also provide thermal energy to the temperature control system, that is, the waste heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack compensates the heat to the temperature monitoring device, saving energy.
参阅图8-图10，另一实施例中，储氢装置100的储氢瓶180，包括：瓶体181，多个过滤装置183，设置于所述瓶体181出气口外侧的组合阀，以及均匀分布在所述瓶体181的固态储氢材料；所述过滤装置183可以设置在瓶体出气口内侧和组合阀连接口底部，主要用于隔离固态储氢材料，对比本领域技术人员而言，上述过滤装置的安装位置但并不局限上述两处。安全装置200为多功能组合阀。所述瓶体181与组合阀之间为一体式连接结构，而非管路连接或线路连接，直接由工厂根据设计要求进行一体式安装和生产，所述连接结构包括但不限于螺纹配合、卡固配合、焊接等固定连接方式，使得所述储氢装置与组合阀形成一个封闭腔体。在所述封闭腔体内存放有固态储氢材料，所述固态储氢材料被加热后，经过组合阀向电堆提供氢气压力为15-50kpa，使得在未使用时，储氢装置的内部压力较小(普遍意义上的低压储氢)，不会对用户产生危害。8-10, in another embodiment, the hydrogen storage bottle 180 of the hydrogen storage device 100 includes: a bottle body 181, a plurality of filter devices 183, a combination valve arranged outside the air outlet of the bottle body 181, and The solid hydrogen storage material evenly distributed on the bottle body 181; the filter device 183 can be arranged inside the bottle body gas outlet and the bottom of the combined valve connection port, mainly used to isolate the solid hydrogen storage material, compared to those skilled in the art , The installation position of the above-mentioned filtering device is not limited to the above-mentioned two places. The safety device 200 is a multifunctional combined valve. There is an integrated connection structure between the bottle body 181 and the combined valve, rather than a pipeline connection or a line connection, and is directly installed and produced in an integrated manner by the factory according to the design requirements. The connection structure includes, but is not limited to, threaded fitting and clamping. The fixed connection methods such as solid fitting and welding make the hydrogen storage device and the combined valve form a closed cavity. A solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the enclosed cavity. After the solid hydrogen storage material is heated, it will provide hydrogen to the stack through a combined valve at a pressure of 15-50kpa, so that when not in use, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device is relatively high. Small (low-pressure hydrogen storage in the general sense), and will not cause harm to users.
在进一步实施例中，所述连接口231为双向阀，其一端与储氢瓶180相连接；所述充气口232为单向阀，当充气口232接通外接气源后，只能由外接气源单向流通至储氢瓶180，而不能由储氢瓶180方向流动，保证了安全装置200的气密性；所述出气口235为保压阀或单向阀，或在所述在连接口与出气口通路上设置保压阀，当所述储氢瓶180内的压力大于外部压力时，所述出气口235才处于通路状态。In a further embodiment, the connecting port 231 is a two-way valve, one end of which is connected to the hydrogen storage bottle 180; the charging port 232 is a one-way valve, when the charging port 232 is connected to an external gas source, it can only be connected to the external gas source. The gas source circulates to the hydrogen storage bottle 180 in one direction, but cannot flow from the hydrogen storage bottle 180, ensuring the airtightness of the safety device 200; the gas outlet 235 is a pressure maintaining valve or a one-way valve, or when A pressure-maintaining valve is arranged on the connection port and the air outlet path. When the pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle 180 is greater than the external pressure, the air outlet 235 is in the path state.
在进一步实施例中，所述密封接头具有截流功能，所述密封接头包括第一接头2410和第二接头两部；其中，所述第一接头2410与出气口235相连接，第二接头通过管路与电堆300相连接，用于电堆300供气。当第一接头2410与第二接头处于断开状态时， 所述第一接头2410具有截流功能，形成断路，避免氢气泄漏；当第二接头插接于第一接头2410时，形成通路，并通过管路连接至电堆300，向电堆300提供氢气；通过在出气口235的阀口连接密封接头，在运输、更换储氢瓶180时，所述第一接头2410处于断路状态，自动封闭安全装置200的出气口，提高了安全装置200的气密性，进一步减小氢气泄露量，同时减少对皮管的拆卸和安装。In a further embodiment, the sealing joint has a shut-off function, and the sealing joint includes a first joint 2410 and a second joint; wherein, the first joint 2410 is connected to the air outlet 235, and the second joint passes through a pipe The circuit is connected to the stack 300 for gas supply to the stack 300. When the first connector 2410 and the second connector are in a disconnected state, the first connector 2410 has a shut-off function to form an open circuit and avoid hydrogen leakage; when the second connector is plugged into the first connector 2410, a passage is formed and passes through The pipeline is connected to the stack 300 to provide hydrogen to the stack 300; by connecting a sealed joint at the valve port of the gas outlet 235, when the hydrogen storage bottle 180 is transported or replaced, the first joint 2410 is in a disconnected state and is automatically closed for safety The air outlet of the device 200 improves the air tightness of the safety device 200, further reduces the amount of hydrogen leakage, and reduces the removal and installation of the skin tube.
在进一步实施例中，所述安全装置200为一体成型结构，具有更好的密封性和结构稳定性。且所述安全装置200安装在所述储氢瓶180的出气口；安全装置200与储氢瓶180之间为一体式连接关系，而非管路连接或线路连接，直接由工厂根据设计要求进行一体式生产和安装，所述连接结构包括但不限于螺纹配合、卡固配合、焊接等固定连接方式，使得所述储氢瓶180与安全装置200形成一个封闭腔体。在所述封闭腔体内存放有固态储氢材料，所述固态储氢材料被加热后，经过安全装置200向电堆提供氢气压力为15-50kpa，使得在未使用时，储氢瓶180的内部压力较小(普遍意义上的低压储氢)，不会对用户产生危害。In a further embodiment, the safety device 200 is an integrally formed structure, which has better sealing performance and structural stability. And the safety device 200 is installed at the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle 180; the safety device 200 and the hydrogen storage bottle 180 are in an integrated connection relationship instead of pipeline connection or line connection, which is directly carried out by the factory according to the design requirements Integrated production and installation, the connection structure includes, but is not limited to, threaded fitting, clamping fitting, welding and other fixed connection methods, so that the hydrogen storage bottle 180 and the safety device 200 form a closed cavity. A solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the enclosed cavity. After the solid hydrogen storage material is heated, it will provide hydrogen to the stack through the safety device 200 at a pressure of 15-50kpa, so that when not in use, the inside of the hydrogen storage bottle 180 Low pressure (low-pressure hydrogen storage in the general sense) will not cause harm to users.
在进一步实施例中，所述瓶体181由内至外依次包括内胆、缠绕层和外壳；瓶体181由铝合金无缝材料及铝合金内胆碳纤维缠绕复合材料制成，容积为1000～5000ml，与常见的钢瓶相比，重量可减轻40％-70％，同时具有安全性高、易于携带的特点，且铝合金经氧化后具有独特的耐腐蚀特性。In a further embodiment, the bottle body 181 includes an inner liner, a winding layer, and an outer shell in order from the inside to the outside; the bottle body 181 is made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material, and has a volume of 1000~ 5000ml, compared with common steel cylinders, the weight can be reduced by 40%-70%. At the same time, it has the characteristics of high safety, easy to carry, and the aluminum alloy has unique corrosion resistance characteristics after oxidation.
在进一步实施例中，参阅图9，所述瓶体181内部设置有导流管182，所述导流管182安装在所述瓶体181的中轴线上，并沿着所述导流管182按照预定间距、预定夹角固定安装有多个筛网184，将瓶体181分割成第一容腔185和第二容腔186，所述筛网184的过滤孔大于固态储氢材料的粒径，也就是说，只允许氢气的过，而将固态储氢材料隔离开来；所述第一容腔185和第二容腔186依次间隔排列，所述第一容腔185的体积大于所述第二容腔186的体积；在所述第一容腔185内存储有固态储氢材料，且固态储氢材料所占体积为整个第一容腔185体积的60～90％；在所述第二容腔186内放置有多个弹性球体187，所述弹性球体187的直径小于所述第二容腔186的高度，且在导流管182上设置有至少与所述第二腔体相连通的通气孔，优选地，所述导流管182为网状金属管，所述金属导管采用铝合金、钛合金或金属铜中一种材质制成。一方面，固态储氢材料释放氢气，氢气从高压处向低压处流动，依次第一容器、筛网184、第二容腔186、通气孔、导流管182和过滤装置183，通过连接口231进入安全装置200。另一方面， 所述导流管还能够增加储氢材料的导热和换热效率，为氢气的吸放提供良好的换热条件，降低氢气吸放成本，具有更好的换热效果、更低的人工成本。在本实施例中，通过将固态储氢材料平铺于所述第一容腔185上，避免固态储氢材料的堆积，增加了氢气与固态储氢材料的接触面积，无论是充氢过程中，还是放氢过程中，都能更快、更多的实现充氢和放氢，充分发挥固态储氢材料储氢性能。由于本发明中的储氢装置更多的使用于氢燃料电动自行车上，在使用过程中不可避免的会发生颠簸，当能量传递至弹性球体187后，弹性球体187会出现明显的弹跳，轻微撞击位于第二腔体上下方的两组筛网184和位于筛网184上方的固态储氢材料上，进而实现对固态储氢材料的翻动，进一步提高固态储氢材料储氢性能。In a further embodiment, referring to FIG. 9, the bottle body 181 is provided with a diversion tube 182, and the diversion tube 182 is installed on the central axis of the bottle body 181 and along the diversion tube 182. A plurality of screens 184 are fixedly installed according to a predetermined interval and a predetermined included angle, and the bottle body 181 is divided into a first cavity 185 and a second cavity 186. The filter holes of the screen 184 are larger than the particle size of the solid hydrogen storage material. In other words, only hydrogen gas is allowed to pass, and the solid hydrogen storage material is isolated; the first cavity 185 and the second cavity 186 are arranged at intervals in sequence, and the volume of the first cavity 185 is larger than that of the The volume of the second cavity 186; the solid hydrogen storage material is stored in the first cavity 185, and the volume occupied by the solid hydrogen storage material is 60% to 90% of the volume of the entire first cavity 185; A plurality of elastic spheres 187 are placed in the second cavity 186, the diameter of the elastic sphere 187 is smaller than the height of the second cavity 186, and the guide tube 182 is provided with at least communicating with the second cavity Preferably, the guide tube 182 is a mesh metal tube, and the metal conduit is made of one of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, or metallic copper. On the one hand, the solid hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen, and the hydrogen flows from a high pressure to a low pressure. The first container, the screen 184, the second cavity 186, the vent, the draft tube 182, and the filter device 183 pass through the connection port 231. Enter the safety device 200. On the other hand, the draft tube can also increase the thermal conductivity and heat exchange efficiency of the hydrogen storage material, provide good heat exchange conditions for the absorption and release of hydrogen, reduce the cost of hydrogen absorption and release, and have better heat exchange effects and lower Labor costs. In this embodiment, by spreading the solid hydrogen storage material on the first cavity 185, the accumulation of the solid hydrogen storage material is avoided, and the contact area between the hydrogen gas and the solid hydrogen storage material is increased, no matter in the hydrogen charging process. In the process of hydrogen discharge, hydrogen charging and discharging can be realized faster and more, and the hydrogen storage performance of solid hydrogen storage materials can be fully utilized. Since the hydrogen storage device of the present invention is more used in hydrogen fuel electric bicycles, bumps will inevitably occur during use. When energy is transferred to the elastic sphere 187, the elastic sphere 187 will bounce and slightly impact. The two sets of screens 184 located above and below the second cavity and the solid hydrogen storage material located above the screens 184 can further flip the solid hydrogen storage material and further improve the hydrogen storage performance of the solid hydrogen storage material.
在进一步实施例中，由于所述储氢装置一般倾斜安装在氢燃料电动自行车上，参阅图10，所述储氢装置倾斜安装在支撑架上；由于储氢装置倾斜放置，导致固态储氢材料会出现滑移，最终堆积于瓶体181靠近倾斜方向的一侧，降低了固态储氢材料的比表面积。参阅图8至图10，所述筛网184与导流管182之间的夹角与所述储氢装置安装放置的倾斜夹角相同，保证所述筛网184安装方向与水平面相平行。通过将过筛网184水平放置，固态储氢材料又可以平铺于筛网184上，增大固态储氢材料的比表面积，能更快、更多的实现充氢和放氢，充分发挥固态储氢材料储氢性能。In a further embodiment, since the hydrogen storage device is generally installed obliquely on a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle, referring to FIG. 10, the hydrogen storage device is installed obliquely on the support frame; due to the oblique placement of the hydrogen storage device, the solid hydrogen storage material Slippage will occur, and it will eventually accumulate on the side of the bottle body 181 close to the oblique direction, reducing the specific surface area of the solid hydrogen storage material. Referring to FIGS. 8 to 10, the included angle between the screen 184 and the guide tube 182 is the same as the inclination angle at which the hydrogen storage device is installed, ensuring that the installation direction of the screen 184 is parallel to the horizontal plane. By placing the screen 184 horizontally, the solid hydrogen storage material can be laid flat on the screen 184, which increases the specific surface area of the solid hydrogen storage material, and can realize hydrogen charging and degassing faster and more, and give full play to the solid state. Hydrogen storage performance of hydrogen storage materials.
在进一步实施例中，由于筛网184上具有方向性，因此所述储氢装置的安装放置方向具有唯一性，因此所述储氢装置外部圆周面上设置有识别标签，所述识别标签设置方向与所述储氢装置的出气口方向相反，也就是说与所述储氢装置的方向相反倾斜方向相反；用户可以通过识别标签的方向，进而判断所述储氢装置的安装放置方向，保证储氢装置安装放置方向符合要求，避免固态储氢材料出现堆积，充分发挥固态储氢材料储氢性能。当然所述识别标签可以为身份识别标签162、把手170或者是其他具有显著标识作用的配件；身份识别标签162例如RFID/二维码。In a further embodiment, due to the directionality on the screen 184, the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is unique. Therefore, an identification label is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the hydrogen storage device. The direction of the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device is opposite, that is, the direction of the hydrogen storage device is opposite to the oblique direction; the user can determine the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device by identifying the direction of the tag to ensure the storage The installation and placement direction of the hydrogen device meets the requirements to avoid accumulation of solid hydrogen storage materials and give full play to the hydrogen storage performance of solid hydrogen storage materials. Of course, the identification tag can be an identification tag 162, a handle 170 or other accessories with a significant identification function; the identification tag 162 is, for example, an RFID/two-dimensional code.
在进一步实施例中，所述储氢装置还包括防护罩160，所述防护罩160安装在所述储氢瓶180的瓶口处，用于保护储氢装置的出气口和组合阀；在所述防护罩160的一侧印刷有身份识别标签162，例如RFID/二维码，在所述防护罩150的另一侧密封接头穿过所述防护罩160，露出于防护罩160，形成低压出气口，方便与第二接头相连接，为电堆提供低压氢气；由于所述储氢装置的安装放置方向具有唯一性，因此，在本发明中所述身份识别标签162的印刷方向与所述储氢装置的标准安装放置方向相同。用户可以 通过身份识别标签162的方向，进而判断所述储氢装置的方向性，保证储氢装置安装放置方向符合要求。In a further embodiment, the hydrogen storage device further includes a protective cover 160 installed at the mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle 180 to protect the gas outlet and the combined valve of the hydrogen storage device; An identification label 162, such as an RFID/two-dimensional code, is printed on one side of the protective cover 160. On the other side of the protective cover 150, a sealed joint passes through the protective cover 160 and is exposed to the protective cover 160 to form a low pressure output. The gas port is conveniently connected to the second joint to provide low-pressure hydrogen for the stack; because the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is unique, the printing direction of the identification label 162 in the present invention is the same as that of the storage device. The standard installation direction of the hydrogen device is the same. The user can determine the directionality of the hydrogen storage device through the direction of the identification tag 162 to ensure that the installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device meets the requirements.
在使用上述身份识别标签162时，用户通过扫描设备获取所述储氢装置相关联的RFID/二维码的标签ID，然后通过通讯单元传送至服务终端，获取储氢装置的相关信息，包括但不限于如下信息：储氢装置的编号、生产日期、储氢装置的相关参数、最近多次的充氢时间和充氢量、储氢装置内储氢量。需要说明是上述信息随着储氢装置的加工、运输、使用进行实时更新。When using the aforementioned identification tag 162, the user obtains the tag ID of the RFID/two-dimensional code associated with the hydrogen storage device through the scanning device, and then transmits it to the service terminal through the communication unit to obtain relevant information of the hydrogen storage device, including but It is not limited to the following information: the number of the hydrogen storage device, the date of production, the relevant parameters of the hydrogen storage device, the most recent hydrogen charging time and amount, and the amount of hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device. It should be noted that the above information is updated in real time as the hydrogen storage device is processed, transported, and used.
在进一步实施例中，所述身份识别标签162固定安装在所述防护罩160内侧，其识别区域通过设置在防护罩160上的镂空区域，露出在防护罩160的外侧，用于识别设备的识别和信息更新。基于上述设计，用户只能在打开所述防护罩160的前提下，拆卸或安装所述身份识别标签162，当所述防护罩160安装在瓶体181上后，无法从防护罩160外侧对身份识别标签162进行安装和拆卸。因此，具有更好的稳定性，避免了人为因素或自然因素导致的身份识别标签151脱落。In a further embodiment, the identification tag 162 is fixedly installed on the inside of the protective cover 160, and its identification area is exposed on the outside of the protective cover 160 through a hollow area provided on the protective cover 160, and is used to identify the device. And information updates. Based on the above design, the user can only remove or install the identification tag 162 under the premise of opening the protective cover 160. When the protective cover 160 is installed on the bottle body 181, the identity can not be viewed from the outside of the protective cover 160. The identification tag 162 is installed and removed. Therefore, it has better stability, and prevents the identification tag 151 from falling off caused by human factors or natural factors.
在进一步实施例中，在所述瓶体181或防护罩160上安装有把手170，且所述把手170为可折叠式把手170，具体地，参阅图8至9，所述把手170包括：设置在所述瓶体181外壳内部或语所述外壳外联的安装槽171，一端与所述安装槽171的顶部铰接的把手柄172，在所述把手柄172的另一端设置有轴向的滑槽173，以及一端与所述安装槽171底部铰接、另一端卡设在所述滑槽173上的连杆174。用户在使用所述把手170时，只需要将把手柄172底部向外拉出，所述连杆174向下运动，从而使得所述把手柄172与安装槽171之间存在一个空间，形成把手170。反之，当无需使用把手170时，只需将所述把手柄172放置于所述安装槽171内，大大减小了储氢装置的占用空间，在批量运输的过程中，提高储氢装置的运输效率。需要说明的是，图9和图10中示例性的将把手170安装在瓶体181外部，并不能理解为对所述把手170的安装位置的限制，对于本领域技术人员而言所述把手170可以安装在所述瓶体181、防护罩160或是其它方便固定的位置。In a further embodiment, a handle 170 is installed on the bottle body 181 or the protective cover 160, and the handle 170 is a foldable handle 170. Specifically, referring to FIGS. 8 to 9, the handle 170 includes: The mounting groove 171 inside the shell of the bottle body 181 or externally connected to the housing has a handle 172 hinged at one end to the top of the mounting groove 171, and an axial slide is provided at the other end of the handle 172. A slot 173 and a connecting rod 174 whose one end is hinged to the bottom of the mounting slot 171 and the other end is clamped on the sliding slot 173. When using the handle 170, the user only needs to pull out the bottom of the handle 172, and the connecting rod 174 moves downward, so that there is a space between the handle 172 and the installation groove 171, forming the handle 170 . Conversely, when there is no need to use the handle 170, only the handle 172 needs to be placed in the installation groove 171, which greatly reduces the occupied space of the hydrogen storage device, and improves the transportation of the hydrogen storage device during the batch transportation. efficient. It should be noted that the exemplary installation of the handle 170 outside the bottle body 181 in FIGS. 9 and 10 cannot be understood as a restriction on the installation position of the handle 170. For those skilled in the art, the handle 170 It can be installed in the bottle body 181, the protective cover 160 or other convenient fixed positions.
在进一步实施例中，为防止储氢装置倾倒，瓶体181的底部端面上开设有至少一条防滑槽188，防滑槽188的开设方向沿瓶体181的径向或与瓶体181的径向呈一预设角度，例如斜向设置，或多个预设角度下的防滑槽188，以产生不同方向上的摩擦力，从而更进一步地加强防滑效果。In a further embodiment, in order to prevent the hydrogen storage device from tipping over, at least one non-slip groove 188 is provided on the bottom end surface of the bottle body 181, and the opening direction of the non-slip groove 188 is along the radial direction of the bottle body 181 or is in line with the radial direction of the bottle body 181. A predetermined angle, such as an oblique setting, or a plurality of anti-skid grooves 188 at a predetermined angle, can generate friction in different directions, thereby further enhancing the anti-skid effect.
具有上述储氢装置后，可将其应用至氢燃料电动自行车上，该氢燃料电动自行车包括电机及与电机连接的电堆，电堆进一步连接至储氢装置，以接收排出的氢气，从而利用氢气压生成电能。With the above-mentioned hydrogen storage device, it can be applied to a hydrogen fuel electric bicycle. The hydrogen fuel electric bicycle includes a motor and a stack connected to the motor. The stack is further connected to the hydrogen storage device to receive the discharged hydrogen, thereby using Hydrogen pressure generates electricity.
参阅附图12，另一优选实施例，在所述通气口和连接口231之间设置有两个通气管路，在两个通气管道上分别设有单向阀，一个单向阀保证供气至电堆，一个单向阀保证充气至瓶体内。通过对阀体内的通气管路进行设计，减少组合阀对外的连接接口，使阀体的集成度高、结构合理紧凑、重量轻，降低气体泄漏的风险。Referring to Figure 12, in another preferred embodiment, two vent pipes are provided between the vent and the connection port 231, and the two vent pipes are respectively provided with one-way valves, and one one-way valve ensures air supply To the stack, a one-way valve guarantees inflation into the cylinder. Through the design of the vent pipeline in the valve body, the external connection interface of the combined valve is reduced, so that the valve body has a high degree of integration, a reasonable and compact structure, and a light weight, thereby reducing the risk of gas leakage.
在进一步实施例中，参阅图13至14，所述出气口235的出气口连接有密封接头；所述密封接头具有截流功能，所述密封接头包括第一接头2410和第二接头2420两部；其中，所述第一接头2410与出气口235相连接，第二接头2420通过管路与电堆300相连接，用于电堆300供气。当第一接头2410与第二接2420处于断开状态时，所述第一接头2410具有截流功能，形成断路，避免氢气泄漏；当第二接头2420插接于第一接头2410时，形成通路，并通过管路连接至电堆300，向电堆300提供氢气；通过在出气口235的阀口连接密封接头，在运输、更换储氢器时，所述第一接头120处于断路状态，自动封闭安全装置(组合阀)200的出气口，提高了组合阀的气密性，进一步减小氢气泄露量，同时快速便捷更换储氢器。In a further embodiment, referring to FIGS. 13 to 14, the air outlet of the air outlet 235 is connected with a sealing joint; the sealing joint has a flow blocking function, and the sealing joint includes a first joint 2410 and a second joint 2420; Wherein, the first connector 2410 is connected to the gas outlet 235, and the second connector 2420 is connected to the stack 300 through a pipeline for supplying gas to the stack 300. When the first connector 2410 and the second connector 2420 are in a disconnected state, the first connector 2410 has the function of shutting off, forming an open circuit and avoiding hydrogen leakage; when the second connector 2420 is plugged into the first connector 2410, a passage is formed, It is connected to the stack 300 through a pipeline to provide hydrogen to the stack 300; by connecting a sealing joint at the valve port of the gas outlet 235, the first joint 120 is in a disconnected state and automatically closed when the hydrogen storage is transported or replaced. The air outlet of the safety device (combined valve) 200 improves the air tightness of the combined valve, further reduces the amount of hydrogen leakage, and at the same time quickly and easily replace the hydrogen storage.
在进一步实施例中，所述第一接头2410包括：与所述出气口235出气口密封连接的第一本体部2411，与所述第二接头2420密封连接的第二本体部2412，在所述第二本体部2412内设置有密封气嘴2413，设置在所述密封气嘴2413外部的弹性件2414；由于所述弹性件2414蓄能，使得所述密封气嘴2413有保持闭合的趋势。In a further embodiment, the first connector 2410 includes a first body portion 2411 that is hermetically connected to the air outlet 235, and a second body portion 2412 that is hermetically connected to the second connector 2420. The second body portion 2412 is provided with a sealing gas nozzle 2413, and an elastic member 2414 arranged outside the sealing gas nozzle 2413; due to the energy storage of the elastic member 2414, the sealing gas nozzle 2413 has a tendency to remain closed.
具体地，在所述第一本体部2411的外表面设置有环形的第一唇口2415和第二唇口2416，所述第一唇口2415和第二唇口2416之间留有预定间隙，当所述第一本体部2411插接与所述出气口235出气口时，由于所述第一唇口2415、第二唇口2416与出气口235出气口之间为过渡配合，并在所述第一唇口2415和第二唇口2416之间形成一个腔体，即第一密封腔体2417。通过所述第一唇口2415、第二唇口2416与出气口235出气口之间的过渡配合以及第一密封腔体2417，实现所述出气口235出气口和第一本体部2411的密封连接。Specifically, an annular first lip 2415 and a second lip 2416 are provided on the outer surface of the first body portion 2411, and a predetermined gap is left between the first lip 2415 and the second lip 2416, When the first body portion 2411 is inserted into the air outlet of the air outlet 235, since the first lip 2415, the second lip 2416 and the air outlet of the air outlet 235 are in transitional fit, and the A cavity is formed between the first lip 2415 and the second lip 2416, that is, a first sealed cavity 2417. Through the transitional fit between the first lip 2415, the second lip 2416 and the air outlet of the air outlet 235 and the first sealed cavity 2417, the air outlet of the air outlet 235 and the first body portion 2411 are sealed and connected. .
所示密封气嘴2413包括：与所述第二本体部2412固定连接的固定部2413a，与所 述固定部2413a相连接、并沿着第一接头2410中心轴倾斜的弯折部2413b，以及与所述弯折部2413b相连接的密封部2413c；且所述密封气嘴2413为一体成型结构。另外在所述密封部2413c与第一本体部2411之间设置有一个环形弹性件2414，所述弹性件2414位置被限制在所述密封部2413c、第一本体部2411之间，可采用固定安装的放置，或通过限位件2434进行固定，保证所述弹性件2414的位置不会发生相对滑移，由于所述弹性件2414蓄能，使得所述密封气嘴2413有保持闭合的趋势。在本发明所述弹性件2414的截面形状为“W”，其一端与第一本体部2411相抵，另一端与所述密封部2413c相抵。一方面，所述弹性件2414蓄能，使得所述密封气嘴2413有保持闭合的趋势能够发生一定形变，另一方面，当所述弹性件2414发生形变，由于弹性件2414外表面涂覆有一层柔性保护材料，因此所述弹性件2414还可以起到密封圈的作用，尤其是当弹性件2414发生形变时，可以大大增强密封效果。The sealing gas nozzle 2413 shown includes: a fixed portion 2413a fixedly connected to the second body portion 2412, a bent portion 2413b connected to the fixed portion 2413a and inclined along the central axis of the first joint 2410, and The sealing portion 2413c connected to the bending portion 2413b; and the sealing gas nozzle 2413 is an integrally formed structure. In addition, an annular elastic member 2414 is provided between the sealing portion 2413c and the first body portion 2411. The position of the elastic member 2414 is restricted between the sealing portion 2413c and the first body portion 2411, and can be fixedly installed. The placement of or the fixing by the limiting member 2434 ensures that the position of the elastic member 2414 will not relatively slip. Because the elastic member 2414 stores energy, the sealing gas nozzle 2413 has a tendency to remain closed. In the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the elastic member 2414 is "W", one end of which abuts against the first body portion 2411, and the other end abuts against the sealing portion 2413c. On the one hand, the elastic member 2414 accumulates energy, so that the sealed gas nozzle 2413 has a tendency to remain closed and can undergo a certain deformation. On the other hand, when the elastic member 2414 is deformed, the outer surface of the elastic member 2414 is coated with a A layer of flexible protective material, so the elastic member 2414 can also function as a sealing ring, especially when the elastic member 2414 is deformed, the sealing effect can be greatly enhanced.
在进一步实施例中，所述第二接头2420包括：用于与所述第二本体部2412密封连接的第三本体部2421；与电堆供气管路密封连接第四本体部2422，设置在所述第三本体部2421内部并向外凸起、并与所述固定部2413a间隙配合的顶柱2423，且所述顶柱133为中空管道；当第二接头2420插接于第一接头2410时，所述顶柱2423顶起所述密封气嘴2413，迫使所述密封气嘴2413张开，形成通路，并通过中空管道向电堆供气管路提供氢气。In a further embodiment, the second connector 2420 includes: a third body portion 2421 for sealingly connecting with the second body portion 2412; a fourth body portion 2422 that is sealedly connected to the stack gas supply pipeline, and is arranged at the The top post 2423 that is inside the third body portion 2421 and protrudes outward and is in clearance fit with the fixing portion 2413a, and the top post 133 is a hollow pipe; when the second joint 2420 is inserted into the first joint 2410 The top post 2423 pushes up the sealed gas nozzle 2413, forcing the sealed gas nozzle 2413 to open, forming a passage, and supplying hydrogen to the gas supply pipeline of the stack through the hollow pipe.
同样的，在所述第三本体部2421的外表面设置有环形的第三唇口2424和第四唇口2425，所述第三唇口2424和第四唇口2425之间留有预定间隙，当所述第三本体部2421插接与所述第一接头120时，由于所述第三唇口2424、第四唇口2425与所述第二本体部122的内表面为过渡配合，并在所述第三唇口2424和第四唇口2425之间形成一个腔体，即第二密封腔体2426。另外，在所述第二本体部2412内侧设置有一个截面形状为三角形的凹槽部2418，在所述第三本体的外边沿设置有与所述凹陷相配合的嵌入体2427。通过将所述嵌入体2427嵌合于所述凹槽部2418内，所述第三唇口2424、第四唇口2425与第二本体部2412的内表面之间的过渡配合，以及第二密封腔体2426实现所述第二接头2420和第一接头2410的密封连接。Similarly, an annular third lip 2424 and a fourth lip 2425 are provided on the outer surface of the third body portion 2421, and a predetermined gap is left between the third lip 2424 and the fourth lip 2425, When the third body portion 2421 is plugged into the first joint 120, the third lip 2424, the fourth lip 2425 and the inner surface of the second body portion 122 are in transitional fit and A cavity is formed between the third lip 2424 and the fourth lip 2425, that is, a second sealed cavity 2426. In addition, a groove portion 2418 with a triangular cross-sectional shape is provided inside the second body portion 2412, and an insert body 2427 that matches the recess is provided on the outer edge of the third body. By fitting the insert body 2427 into the groove portion 2418, the transitional fit between the third lip 2424, the fourth lip 2425 and the inner surface of the second body portion 2412, and the second seal The cavity 2426 realizes a sealed connection between the second joint 2420 and the first joint 2410.
需要说明的是，所述第一接头2410始终与所述组合阀保持连接，因此所述出气口235出气口和第一本体部2411连接的密封性尤为重要。因此当所述第一接头2410安装在所述组合阀上时，在所述出气口235出气口外部、与所述第一唇口2415和第二唇口 2416相对齐的位置，设有一个环形凹槽2431，在所述环形凹槽2431上安装一个锁紧件2432，所述环形凹槽2431与所述锁紧件2432为过渡配合，进而加强了所述密封气嘴2413的闭合程度，所述第一唇口2415、第二唇口2416与出气口235出气口之间的过渡配合，因此进一步提高所述出气口235出气口和第一本体部2411连接的密封性。It should be noted that the first joint 2410 is always connected to the combined valve, so the air-tightness of the connection between the air outlet 235 and the first body portion 2411 is particularly important. Therefore, when the first joint 2410 is installed on the combination valve, an annular ring is provided on the outside of the air outlet 235 at a position that is aligned with the first lip 2415 and the second lip 2416. Groove 2431, a locking member 2432 is installed on the annular groove 2431, and the annular groove 2431 and the locking member 2432 are in transitional fit, thereby enhancing the degree of closure of the sealing gas nozzle 2413, so The transitional fit between the first lip 2415, the second lip 2416 and the air outlet of the air outlet 235 further improves the sealing performance of the connection between the air outlet of the air outlet 235 and the first body portion 2411.
在进一步实施例中，由于弹性件2414的蓄能作用，所述密封气嘴2413对顶柱2423有一个向后的作用力，因此在气体传输过程中，密封接头的连接稳定性就变得尤为重要了。因此在所述第一接头2410和第二接头2420之间设置有卡扣或紧固件，保证所述在所述第一接头2410和第二接头2420连接稳定性。在本发明中，在所述顶柱2423的外表面上设置有多个凸起点2433，并在所述固定部2413a上设置有与所述凸起点2433相对应的环形限位件2434；在安装第二接头2420时，将所述锁紧件2432向靠近出气口235一侧滑动，然后将所述第二接头2420插接于所述第一接头2410上，由于所述第二本体部2412能够发生轻微形变，凸起点2433刚好可以滑过所述限位件2434，然后再将所述锁紧件2432向远离出气口235一侧滑动，导致所述凸起点2433无法向后移动，进而实现所述第一接头2410和第二接头2420的固定。In a further embodiment, due to the energy storage effect of the elastic member 2414, the sealing gas nozzle 2413 has a backward force on the top column 2423, so during the gas transmission process, the connection stability of the sealing joint becomes particularly It's important. Therefore, a buckle or fastener is provided between the first joint 2410 and the second joint 2420 to ensure the stability of the connection between the first joint 2410 and the second joint 2420. In the present invention, a plurality of raised points 2433 are provided on the outer surface of the top post 2423, and an annular stop 2434 corresponding to the raised points 2433 is provided on the fixing portion 2413a; For the second connector 2420, slide the locking member 2432 to the side close to the air outlet 235, and then insert the second connector 2420 on the first connector 2410, because the second body portion 2412 can Slightly deformed, the raised point 2433 can just slide over the limiting member 2434, and then the locking member 2432 is slid to the side away from the air outlet 235, causing the raised point 2433 to fail to move backward, thereby realizing all The fixing of the first joint 2410 and the second joint 2420 is described.
为了方便理解用于移动物体的储氢器组合阀的技术方案，对其控制方法做出简要说明：In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solution of the hydrogen storage combination valve for moving objects, a brief description of its control method is given:
充气过程中，调整控制阀236，连通出气口235与连接口231，然后在连接口231上外接负压设备，对储氢瓶进行抽真空，活化储氢瓶内部的固态储氢材料；然后调整控制阀236，连通充气口232和连接口231，然后在充气口232上外接氢气设备，实现充氢；During the charging process, adjust the control valve 236 to connect the air outlet 235 and the connection port 231, and then connect a negative pressure device to the connection port 231 to vacuum the hydrogen storage bottle to activate the solid hydrogen storage material inside the hydrogen storage bottle; then adjust The control valve 236 is connected to the charging port 232 and the connecting port 231, and then a hydrogen device is connected to the charging port 232 to realize hydrogen charging;
出气过程中，将第二接头2420与所述第一接头2410相连接，顶柱2423顶起所述密封气嘴2413，迫使所述密封气嘴2413张开，形成通路，然后调整控制阀236，连通出气口235与连接口231，然后在出气口235上外接电堆供气管路，实现对氢气设备的供气；During the air discharge process, the second joint 2420 is connected to the first joint 2410, and the top post 2423 pushes up the sealing gas nozzle 2413, forcing the sealing gas nozzle 2413 to open to form a passage, and then adjust the control valve 236, Connect the gas outlet 235 and the connection port 231, and then connect a stack gas supply pipeline to the gas outlet 235 to supply gas to the hydrogen equipment;
泄压过程中，压力传感器的检测压力大于压力阈值，自动触发打开安全阀233，连通安全阀233与连接口231，实现自动泄压。During the pressure relief process, when the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the pressure threshold, the safety valve 233 is automatically triggered to open, and the safety valve 233 is connected to the connection port 231 to realize automatic pressure relief.
参阅图15-17，本发明的一个优选实施例，储氢装置包括有瓶体和内置于瓶体的固态储氢材料，瓶体由内至外依次包括内胆、缠绕层和外壳；瓶体由铝合金无缝材料及铝 合金内胆碳纤维缠绕复合材料制成，容积为1000～5000ml，与常见的钢瓶相比，重量可减轻40％-70％，同时具有安全性高、易于携带的特点，且铝合金经氧化后具有独特的耐腐蚀特性。Referring to Figures 15-17, a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The hydrogen storage device includes a bottle body and a solid hydrogen storage material built in the bottle body. The bottle body includes an inner liner, a winding layer and an outer shell in turn from the inside to the outside; the bottle body Made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material, the volume is 1000 ~ 5000ml, compared with common steel cylinders, the weight can be reduced by 40% -70%, and it has the characteristics of high safety and easy to carry. , And aluminum alloy has unique corrosion resistance after oxidation.
实现储氢装置可低压储氢，储氢装置还包括有加热元件及电连接元件。加热元件的设置，可使得储氢装置预存储固态储氢材料时，所存的固态储氢材料可以较少，或所存的为液氢、储氢粉末等，将储氢装置内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围内，经阀体调压器向电堆提供氢气压力为15-50kpa。在加热元件对内部固态储氢材料加热时，由于固态储氢材料温度的升高以及储氢装置的封闭性，内部固态储氢材料的压力逐渐提高，并汽化为氢气，直至可被使用的压力范围，由此，可在高压使用场景下使用。对此，加热元件将沿储氢装置的轴向(即长度方向)从瓶体的底部伸入瓶体的中部，且延伸长度受限，不与储氢装置的整个轴向相同，从而在加热元件伸入后，其最远端，也可以说是加热端，与瓶体的瓶口相隔，不阻碍储氢装置的瓶口向外传输固态储氢材料。It is realized that the hydrogen storage device can store hydrogen at low pressure, and the hydrogen storage device also includes a heating element and an electrical connection element. The heating element is set up so that when the hydrogen storage device pre-stores the solid hydrogen storage material, the stored solid hydrogen storage material can be less, or the stored hydrogen storage powder, etc., control the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device to 1- In the low pressure range of 3MPa, the pressure of hydrogen supplied to the stack through the valve body pressure regulator is 15-50kpa. When the heating element heats the internal solid hydrogen storage material, due to the increase in the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material and the closure of the hydrogen storage device, the pressure of the internal solid hydrogen storage material gradually increases and vaporizes into hydrogen until it can be used. The range, therefore, can be used in high-pressure use scenarios. In this regard, the heating element will extend from the bottom of the bottle body to the middle of the bottle body along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage device (that is, the length direction), and the extension length is limited, which is not the same as the entire axial direction of the hydrogen storage device. After the element is extended, its farthest end, which can be said to be the heating end, is separated from the bottle mouth of the bottle body, which does not hinder the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device from transferring solid hydrogen storage materials.
可以理解的是，上述加热元件伸入储氢装置，并非限定伸入储氢装置的内部。反之，当储氢装置为非规则形状时，加热元件将伸入到瓶体的外部中心，而当储氢装置为规则形状时，加热元件可伸入到瓶体的内部，或加热元件部分深入到瓶体的外部中心，另一部分伸入到瓶体的内部，通过接触传导或辐射传导的方式，在生成热量后将热量传输至固态储氢材料，从而对固态储氢材料加热。It is understandable that the above-mentioned heating element extends into the hydrogen storage device, and it is not limited to extend into the inside of the hydrogen storage device. Conversely, when the hydrogen storage device has an irregular shape, the heating element will extend into the outer center of the bottle, and when the hydrogen storage device has a regular shape, the heating element can extend into the inside of the bottle, or the heating element can be partially deep. To the outer center of the bottle body, the other part extends into the inside of the bottle body. Through contact conduction or radiation conduction, the heat is generated and transferred to the solid hydrogen storage material, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material.
除加热元件外，储氢装置还包括电连接元件，其与加热元件电连接，并露出于瓶体。加热元件的能量源来自于该电连接元件，电连接元件与一外部电源连接，上电后，外部电源向电连接元件传输电能，再由电连接元件传输电能至加热元件，加热元件在接收到电能后，将电能转化为热量，从而对固态储氢材料加热，提高储氢装置内的固态储氢材料压力。In addition to the heating element, the hydrogen storage device also includes an electrical connection element, which is electrically connected to the heating element and exposed to the bottle body. The energy source of the heating element comes from the electrical connection element. The electrical connection element is connected to an external power source. After power on, the external power source transmits electrical energy to the electrical connection element, and then the electrical connection element transmits electrical energy to the heating element. The heating element receives After the electrical energy is generated, the electrical energy is converted into heat, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material and increasing the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device.
在不同的具体实施例中，加热元件的安装方法不同。In different specific embodiments, the installation method of the heating element is different.
参阅图15，在该实施例中，加热元件130并不伸入瓶体120的内部，也就是说，加热元件130对固态储氢材料的加热方式为间接传导加热，而非直接接触加热。对此，瓶体120沿其轴向设有一槽体121，槽体121的形成可以是瓶体120的瓶底向瓶体120内部延伸，但瓶体120整体保持封闭状态，伸入部分形成的非规则形状为该槽体121，因此，槽体121与瓶体120的内部经瓶体120的壳壁断隔，使得槽体121与瓶体120内部分隔，槽体121仍与瓶体120的外部空间连通。Referring to FIG. 15, in this embodiment, the heating element 130 does not extend into the inside of the bottle body 120, that is, the heating method of the heating element 130 to the solid hydrogen storage material is indirect conduction heating instead of direct contact heating. In this regard, the bottle body 120 is provided with a groove body 121 along its axial direction. The groove body 121 can be formed by the bottom of the bottle body 120 extending toward the inside of the bottle body 120. The irregular shape is the tank body 121. Therefore, the tank body 121 and the inside of the bottle body 120 are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body 120, so that the tank body 121 is separated from the inside of the bottle body 120, and the tank body 121 is still connected to the bottle body 120. The external space is connected.
具有该槽体121后，加热元件130将穿入该槽体121内，并与槽体121间隙配合，也即加热元件130的外表面与槽体121的内壁紧密接触，在加热元件130生热后，加热元件130将直接对瓶体120加热，再由瓶体120传导热量至固态储氢材料。该加热方式下，可减缓对固态储氢材料的加热效率，但可更精准地控制固态储氢材料的可加热温度。With the tank body 121, the heating element 130 will penetrate into the tank body 121 and be in clearance fit with the tank body 121, that is, the outer surface of the heating element 130 is in close contact with the inner wall of the tank body 121, and heat is generated in the heating element 130 Then, the heating element 130 will directly heat the bottle body 120, and then the bottle body 120 will conduct heat to the solid hydrogen storage material. In this heating mode, the heating efficiency of the solid hydrogen storage material can be slowed down, but the heating temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material can be controlled more accurately.
可以理解的是，加热元件130与槽体121的配合并非限制于加热元件130的侧边每一处均与槽体121的内部间隙配合。也可以是加热元件130的外表面呈齿状或波形状，齿状的高处或波形状的波峰处与槽体121接触传导，齿状的低处或波形状的波谷处与槽体121的内壁间还具有一空气层，该空气层既为隔热层，也为传导层，加热元件130生成的热量可通过空气层间接传导至瓶体120，同时也可控制加热元件130的传热总量。It can be understood that the cooperation between the heating element 130 and the tank body 121 is not limited to that each side of the heating element 130 is in clearance fit with the inside of the tank body 121. It can also be that the outer surface of the heating element 130 is tooth-shaped or wave-shaped, the tooth-shaped high part or wave-shaped wave crest is in contact with the tank 121 for conduction, and the tooth-shaped low part or wave-shaped wave trough is in contact with the tank 121. There is also an air layer between the inner walls. The air layer is both a heat insulation layer and a conductive layer. The heat generated by the heating element 130 can be indirectly transferred to the bottle body 120 through the air layer. At the same time, the total heat transfer of the heating element 130 can be controlled. quantity.
进一步地，加热元件130远离于电连接元件140的加热端不与槽体121直接接触，反之，槽体121沿瓶体120轴向上的长度大于加热元件130沿瓶体120轴向上的长度，从而使得加热元件130的加热端与槽体121的槽底间具有加热层122，该加热层122类同于上述空气层，加热元件130的热量经该加热层122传导至瓶体120，防止对固态储氢材料的加热过量。也就是说，具有该加热层122后，其既作为传导介质，也作为隔热介质，略为控制加热元件130对固态储氢材料的加热效率。Further, the heating end of the heating element 130 away from the electrical connection element 140 does not directly contact the tank 121. On the contrary, the length of the tank 121 in the axial direction of the bottle body 120 is greater than the length of the heating element 130 in the axial direction of the bottle body 120. , So that there is a heating layer 122 between the heating end of the heating element 130 and the bottom of the tank body 121. The heating layer 122 is similar to the above-mentioned air layer. The heat of the heating element 130 is conducted to the bottle body 120 through the heating layer 122 to prevent Excessive heating of the solid hydrogen storage material. That is to say, after the heating layer 122 is provided, it serves as both a conductive medium and a heat insulating medium, which slightly controls the heating efficiency of the heating element 130 to the solid hydrogen storage material.
通过对热量传导路径配置为加热元件130-瓶体120-固态储氢材料的方式，使得对固态储氢材料的加热过程更为稳定、安全。By configuring the heat conduction path as the heating element 130-bottle body 120-solid hydrogen storage material, the heating process of the solid hydrogen storage material is more stable and safer.
安装加热元件130时，加热元件130的安装端具有外螺纹，槽体121的槽口处设有内螺纹；外螺纹与内螺纹配合，以将加热元件130固定至槽体121内。可选地，瓶体120的底部与槽体121的槽口齐平，使得瓶体120的底部呈平面型，则放置储氢装置100时，可将瓶体120的底部直接贴合在放置表面上，不同于现有技术中的储氢装置100的形状，安装时更为方便。为防止储氢装置100倾倒，瓶体110的底部端面上开设有至少一条防滑槽123，防滑槽123的开设方向沿瓶体1120的径向或与瓶体120的径向呈一预设角度，例如斜向设置，或多个预设角度下的防滑槽123，以产生不同方向上的摩擦力，从而更进一步地加强防滑效果。When the heating element 130 is installed, the installation end of the heating element 130 has an external thread, and the slot of the groove body 121 is provided with an internal thread; the external thread and the internal thread are matched to fix the heating element 130 in the groove body 121. Optionally, the bottom of the bottle body 120 is flush with the notch of the tank body 121, so that the bottom of the bottle body 120 is flat. When the hydrogen storage device 100 is placed, the bottom of the bottle body 120 can be directly attached to the placement surface. Above, different from the shape of the hydrogen storage device 100 in the prior art, it is more convenient to install. In order to prevent the hydrogen storage device 100 from tipping over, at least one anti-slip groove 123 is provided on the bottom end surface of the bottle body 110. The opening direction of the anti-slip groove 123 is along the radial direction of the bottle body 1120 or is at a predetermined angle with the radial direction of the bottle body 120. For example, the non-slip grooves 123 are arranged obliquely or have a plurality of preset angles to generate friction in different directions, thereby further enhancing the anti-slip effect.
参阅图16，在该实施例中，加热元件130直接与固态储氢材料接触，因此，在瓶体120沿轴向上，开设有一开口124，开口124连通瓶体120的内部空间与外部空间，加热元件130可自开口124穿入瓶体120内部，并将开口124封闭，防止固态储氢材料溢出。同时，加热元件130上电后对固态储氢材料加热。Referring to FIG. 16, in this embodiment, the heating element 130 directly contacts the solid hydrogen storage material. Therefore, an opening 124 is provided in the bottle body 120 in the axial direction, and the opening 124 communicates the internal space of the bottle body 120 with the external space. The heating element 130 can penetrate into the bottle body 120 from the opening 124 and close the opening 124 to prevent the solid hydrogen storage material from overflowing. At the same time, the heating element 130 heats the solid hydrogen storage material after being powered on.
同样地，为实现对开口124的封闭性，加热元件130的安装端具有外螺纹，开口124处设有内螺纹；外螺纹与内螺纹配合，以将加热元件130固定至瓶体120内。Similarly, in order to realize the sealing of the opening 124, the mounting end of the heating element 130 has an external thread, and the opening 124 is provided with an internal thread; the external thread and the internal thread cooperate to fix the heating element 130 into the bottle body 120.
上述任一实施例中，加热元件130为电阻丝，并内置有一温度传感器，或温度传感器外置于电阻丝，对电阻丝的温度检测，以供用户实时监测加热元件130的加热过程。另一方面，电连接元件140具有插接口，外部电源插入插接口内，从而接收电能。In any of the above embodiments, the heating element 130 is a resistance wire with a built-in temperature sensor, or the temperature sensor is placed outside the resistance wire to detect the temperature of the resistance wire, so that the user can monitor the heating process of the heating element 130 in real time. On the other hand, the electrical connection element 140 has a plug-in interface, and an external power source is inserted into the plug-in interface to receive power.
优选地或可选地，瓶体120接收电连接元件140处设有一容纳台阶135，容纳台阶125的径向宽度大于加热元件130的径向宽度，则加热元件130可从容纳台阶125处穿入，而电连接元件140的径向宽度与容纳台阶125匹配，使得电连接元件140与容纳台阶125接触安装时，随着加热元件130的伸入，电连接元件140将被容纳台阶125阻挡，其可伸入瓶体120中部的位移被容纳台阶125限制，且电连接元件140部分突出于瓶体120外，方便用户插接外部电源。具有上述设计后，容纳台阶125处可配置有额外地与电连接元件140固定连接的设计，例如卡合式、螺纹式等，进一步稳固加热元件130与瓶体120的安装关系，防止内部固态储氢材料压力增加后，将加热元件130顶出的问题。Preferably or alternatively, the bottle body 120 is provided with a receiving step 135 where the electrical connection element 140 is received. The radial width of the receiving step 125 is greater than the radial width of the heating element 130, and the heating element 130 can penetrate from the receiving step 125. , And the radial width of the electrical connection element 140 matches the receiving step 125, so that when the electrical connection element 140 is installed in contact with the receiving step 125, as the heating element 130 extends, the electrical connection element 140 will be blocked by the receiving step 125. The displacement that can extend into the middle of the bottle body 120 is restricted by the receiving step 125, and the electrical connection element 140 partially protrudes from the bottle body 120, which is convenient for the user to plug in an external power source. With the above design, the accommodating step 125 can be equipped with an additional design that is fixedly connected to the electrical connection element 140, such as a snap-in type, a threaded type, etc., to further stabilize the installation relationship between the heating element 130 and the bottle body 120, and prevent internal solid hydrogen storage After the pressure of the material is increased, the heating element 130 is ejected from the problem.
可以理解的是，为实现储氢装置100整体形状的一致性，电连接元件140也可不突出于瓶体120外，例如略为凹陷于容纳台阶125处，或与容纳台阶115齐平。当电连接元件140略为凹陷于容纳台阶125处时，可在容纳台阶125处再额外设置一封口端，在电连接元件140不与外部电源连接时，将封口端封合容纳台阶125，将电连接元件140隐藏在内部，需使用时才打开。It can be understood that, in order to achieve the consistency of the overall shape of the hydrogen storage device 100, the electrical connection element 140 may not protrude from the bottle body 120, for example, is slightly recessed at the receiving step 125 or flush with the receiving step 115. When the electrical connection element 140 is slightly recessed at the accommodating step 125, an additional sealing end can be provided at the accommodating step 125. When the electrical connection element 140 is not connected to an external power source, the sealing end is sealed to the accommodating step 125, and the electrical The connecting element 140 is hidden inside and is only opened when needed.
进一步优选地，参阅图17，安全装置200包括阀体220，设于瓶体120的瓶口；阀体220包括：进气阀221，与瓶口连通，向瓶体120内传输氢气；充气阀222，与进气阀221连通，单向接收氢气并传输至进气阀221；安全阀223；调压阀224，控制阀体220内的气压；出气阀225，与进气阀221连通，接收氢气并连接至一电堆，并向电堆提供15-50kpa的氢气；手动开关阀226。Further preferably, referring to FIG. 17, the safety device 200 includes a valve body 220, which is arranged at the bottle mouth of the bottle body 120; the valve body 220 includes: an air inlet valve 221, which communicates with the bottle mouth and transmits hydrogen gas into the bottle body 120; 222, communicating with the inlet valve 221, receiving hydrogen in one direction and transmitting it to the inlet valve 221; safety valve 223; pressure regulating valve 224, controlling the air pressure in the valve body 220; outlet valve 225, communicating with the inlet valve 221, receiving The hydrogen is connected to a stack, and 15-50kpa of hydrogen is provided to the stack; the valve 226 is manually switched on and off.
具有上述储氢装置后，可将其应用至氢能源助力车上，该氢能源助力车包括电机及与电机连接的电堆，电堆进一步连接至储氢装置，以接收排出的氢气，从而利用氢气压生成电能。With the above-mentioned hydrogen storage device, it can be applied to a hydrogen energy moped. The hydrogen energy moped includes a motor and a stack connected to the motor. The stack is further connected to the hydrogen storage device to receive the discharged hydrogen, thereby using the hydrogen pressure Generate electrical energy.
参阅图23，为提高低压储氢装置的放氢效率，示出了一用于储氢装置的温度控制系统。储氢装置包括有瓶体、设于瓶体的出气口的阀体，其中储氢装置内的固态储氢材料被加热后，经阀体调压器向电堆提供氢气压力为15-50kpa，使得在未使用时，储氢装置 的内部压力较小(普遍意义上的低压储氢)，不会对用户产生危害，其内存储的可以是液氢、氢粉等。当需要使用或提高内部放氢效率时，可对储氢装置进行加热，对此，温度控制系统还包括温度监测设备及加热设备，温度监测设备设于储氢装置内，例如可与对储氢装置的压力监测的压力阀的同位置处，固定安装有温度传感器，用作为温度监测设备，温度监测设备工作时，将监测储氢装置的瓶体内的温度，也即直接地实时监测固态储氢材料的温度，对于该固态储氢材料的温度，温度监测设备生成一温度信号，其内承载有固态储氢材料的当前温度信息。另一方面，加热设备可设置于储氢装置内或设于储氢装置的外部，当工作时，可对固态储氢材料直接地或间接地加热，例如当加热设备设于储氢装置外时，则加热设备生成的热量先传到至瓶体，将传导至固态储氢材料；当加热设备放置在瓶体内部时，加热设备生成的热量将直接地辐射或传到至固态储氢材料，从而升高固态储氢材料的温度。由于储氢装置的封闭性，在质量一定时，固态储氢材料的压力也将随之提高，也即从低压状态转化为高压状态。Referring to Figure 23, in order to improve the hydrogen discharge efficiency of the low-pressure hydrogen storage device, a temperature control system for the hydrogen storage device is shown. The hydrogen storage device includes a bottle body and a valve body arranged at the gas outlet of the bottle body. After the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device is heated, the hydrogen pressure of 15-50kpa is provided to the stack through the valve body pressure regulator. When not in use, the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage device is low (low-pressure hydrogen storage in a general sense), which will not cause harm to users, and the storage can be liquid hydrogen, hydrogen powder, etc. When it is necessary to use or improve the internal hydrogen release efficiency, the hydrogen storage device can be heated. For this, the temperature control system also includes temperature monitoring equipment and heating equipment. The temperature monitoring equipment is located in the hydrogen storage device, for example, it can At the same position of the pressure valve for pressure monitoring of the device, a temperature sensor is fixedly installed to be used as a temperature monitoring device. When the temperature monitoring device is working, it will monitor the temperature in the cylinder of the hydrogen storage device, that is, directly monitor the solid hydrogen storage in real time. The temperature of the material, for the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material, the temperature monitoring device generates a temperature signal, which carries the current temperature information of the solid hydrogen storage material. On the other hand, the heating device can be installed in the hydrogen storage device or outside the hydrogen storage device. When working, it can directly or indirectly heat the solid hydrogen storage material, for example, when the heating device is installed outside the hydrogen storage device. , The heat generated by the heating device is first transferred to the bottle body and will be conducted to the solid hydrogen storage material; when the heating device is placed inside the bottle body, the heat generated by the heating device will be directly radiated or transferred to the solid hydrogen storage material. Thereby increasing the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material. Due to the closed nature of the hydrogen storage device, when the quality is constant, the pressure of the solid hydrogen storage material will also increase, that is, it will transform from a low pressure state to a high pressure state.
由于对固态储氢材料的加热不可无限制，因此温度控制系统还包括有温度控制模块，分别与温度监测设备和加热设备电连接，温度监测设备所形成的温度信号将被发送至温度控制模块，在温度控制模块内，预存有一温度阈值，该温度阈值反应储氢装置的期望工作温度，或是其内固态储氢材料在期望放氢速度下的温度。温度控制模块将对当前温度与温度阈值比较，若温度信号承载的当前温度的信息低于温度阈值时，表示处于低压下的固态储氢材料的温度较低，此时的放氢速度将达不到期望，因此，温度控制模块将生成一激活指令，并发送至加热设备，基于该激活指令，加热设备将开始工作，对储氢装置内的固态储氢材料加热，固态储氢材料的温度升高后，将提高其放氢速度，满足正常使用的要求。Since the heating of the solid hydrogen storage material is not unlimited, the temperature control system also includes a temperature control module, which is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device and the heating device, and the temperature signal formed by the temperature monitoring device will be sent to the temperature control module. In the temperature control module, a temperature threshold is pre-stored, and the temperature threshold reflects the expected operating temperature of the hydrogen storage device, or the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage material at the expected hydrogen release rate. The temperature control module compares the current temperature with the temperature threshold. If the current temperature information carried by the temperature signal is lower than the temperature threshold, it indicates that the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material under low pressure is lower, and the hydrogen release rate at this time will not reach As expected, therefore, the temperature control module will generate an activation command and send it to the heating device. Based on the activation command, the heating device will start working to heat the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device, and the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage material will rise. After high, the hydrogen release rate will be increased to meet the requirements of normal use.
一优选实施例中，温度控制模块包括温度比较电路、加热控制电路及加热保护电路。具体地，温度比较电路与温度监测设备电连接，其内存储有上述温度阈值(可以是具体数值或数据范围)，其将接收温度信号并对当前温度与温度阈值比较；加热控制电路与温度比较电路及加热设备电连接，温度比较电路的比较结果，如当前温度大于温度阈值、当前温度等于温度阈值、当前温度小于温度阈值等，将被发送至加热控制电路，基于不同的比较结果，生成不同的指令，例如当前温度大于温度阈值或当前温度等于温度阈值时，表示储氢装置内的放氢速度足够，当前温度小于温度阈值时，则将生成该激活指令；加热保护电路设置在加热控制电路与加热设备间，将监测整个温度控制模块的工作状态， 当温度控制模块出现故障，例如断路、短路等，将切断加热控制电路至加热设备的加热链路，保护加热设备。In a preferred embodiment, the temperature control module includes a temperature comparison circuit, a heating control circuit, and a heating protection circuit. Specifically, the temperature comparison circuit is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, and the above temperature threshold value (which can be a specific value or data range) is stored in it, and it will receive the temperature signal and compare the current temperature with the temperature threshold; the heating control circuit compares with the temperature The circuit and the heating device are electrically connected. The comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit, such as the current temperature is greater than the temperature threshold, the current temperature is equal to the temperature threshold, the current temperature is less than the temperature threshold, etc., will be sent to the heating control circuit, and based on the different comparison results, different For example, when the current temperature is greater than the temperature threshold or the current temperature is equal to the temperature threshold, it means that the hydrogen discharge rate in the hydrogen storage device is sufficient. When the current temperature is less than the temperature threshold, the activation command will be generated; the heating protection circuit is set in the heating control circuit Between the heating device and the heating device, the working status of the entire temperature control module will be monitored. When the temperature control module fails, such as open circuit, short circuit, etc., the heating link from the heating control circuit to the heating device will be cut off to protect the heating device.
更进一步地，温度控制模块还包括时钟单元，与加热控制电路电连接，向激活指令添加时钟信息，其中，时钟信息包括加热时间t；加热时间t基于以下公式计算所得：t＝(温度阈值-当前温度)*时间阈值/温度阈值差，温度阈值差与时间阈值基于一测试温度和测试时间预存所得。除上述加热时间t外，也可对加热时间t设置为一固定值，在该所设定的加热时间t内，将维持对加热设备的激活，加热时间t完毕后，将结束激活。加热时间t的计算公式内，还可添加权重值，权重值根据使用的场景(地区信息、季节信息等)调节加热时间t，从而根据不同的使用情况随时调节加热时间t。Furthermore, the temperature control module further includes a clock unit, which is electrically connected to the heating control circuit, and adds clock information to the activation instruction, where the clock information includes the heating time t; the heating time t is calculated based on the following formula: t = (temperature threshold- Current temperature)*time threshold value/temperature threshold value difference, the temperature threshold value difference and the time threshold value are based on a test temperature and a test time pre-stored. In addition to the heating time t mentioned above, the heating time t can also be set to a fixed value. During the set heating time t, the activation of the heating device will be maintained. After the heating time t is completed, the activation will end. In the calculation formula of the heating time t, a weight value can also be added. The weight value adjusts the heating time t according to the used scene (regional information, seasonal information, etc.), so as to adjust the heating time t at any time according to different usage conditions.
优选地，在一实施例中，即便是在加热设备激活的状态下，加热状态也将实时调整，例如，当加热时间t后，温度监测设备对储氢装置的监测结果为，更新后的当前温度仍低于温度阈值时，温度控制模块将再次生成激活指令，并将激活指令发送至加热设备，控制加热设备继续工作。可以理解的是，若再次加热下，当前温度仍低于温度阈值时，反复执行上述步骤，直至当前温度高于或等于温度阈值；若在加热时间t内，即加热过程中当前温度已高于温度阈值时，表示加热过程提供的热量足够，则温度控制模块将当前温度与温度阈值计算一两者的差值，并将该差值与温度控制模块内预存的一预设差值比较，当当前温度与温度阈值的差值大于预设差值，提前于加热时间t内发送断开指令至加热设备，也就是说，在加热时间t内，加热效果已满足，且不仅是恰好满足，而是具有一部分冗余量时，将提前结束加热过程。Preferably, in an embodiment, even when the heating device is activated, the heating state will be adjusted in real time. For example, after the heating time t, the monitoring result of the hydrogen storage device by the temperature monitoring device is the updated current When the temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature control module will generate an activation instruction again and send the activation instruction to the heating device to control the heating device to continue working. It is understandable that if the current temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold under heating again, repeat the above steps until the current temperature is higher than or equal to the temperature threshold; if it is within the heating time t, that is, the current temperature is higher than the temperature during the heating process. The temperature threshold indicates that the heat provided by the heating process is sufficient. The temperature control module calculates the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold, and compares the difference with a preset difference pre-stored in the temperature control module. The difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold is greater than the preset difference, and the disconnection command is sent to the heating device in advance of the heating time t, that is, the heating effect has been met during the heating time t, and not only is it just met, and If there is some redundancy, the heating process will be ended early.
一优选实施例中，温度监测设备为温度传感器，固定于瓶体内，并与阀体连接，同时可与对储氢装置内压力监测的压力传感器同位设置。加热设备呈带状并围设于瓶体的外部。或其他优选实施例中加热设备伸入瓶体，用于给储氢装置加热，同时温度监测设备固定在加热设备上，与加热设备一体成型(加热设备本身为具有温度监测设备的加热组件)或温度监测设备安装在加热设备上。加热设备的端部设有插接口，温度控制模块具有电连接件，电连接件插入插接口以与加热设备连接，通过向加热设备提供电能，由加热设备将电能转化为热能。另一种实施方式中，电连接件还包括有热传导元件，温度监测设备具有的余热将通过热传导元件传输至加热装置内，通过该热量补偿的机制，可进一步节省能源。In a preferred embodiment, the temperature monitoring device is a temperature sensor, which is fixed in the bottle body and connected to the valve body. At the same time, it can be arranged in the same position as the pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the hydrogen storage device. The heating device is in the shape of a belt and is enclosed on the outside of the bottle body. Or in other preferred embodiments, the heating device extends into the bottle to heat the hydrogen storage device, while the temperature monitoring device is fixed on the heating device and is integrally formed with the heating device (the heating device itself is a heating component with temperature monitoring equipment) or The temperature monitoring equipment is installed on the heating equipment. The end of the heating device is provided with a plug-in interface, and the temperature control module has an electrical connector. The electrical connector is inserted into the plug-in interface to connect with the heating device. By supplying electrical energy to the heating device, the heating device converts the electrical energy into heat energy. In another embodiment, the electrical connector further includes a heat conduction element, and the residual heat of the temperature monitoring device will be transferred to the heating device through the heat conduction element. The heat compensation mechanism can further save energy.
参阅图24，一实施例中，还示出了一种用于储氢装置的温度控制方法，包括以下步 骤：Referring to Fig. 24, in an embodiment, a temperature control method for a hydrogen storage device is also shown, including the following steps:
S100：设于储氢装置内的温度监测设备监测储氢装置内的温度，并形成一包括当前温度的温度信号；S100: The temperature monitoring device provided in the hydrogen storage device monitors the temperature in the hydrogen storage device, and forms a temperature signal including the current temperature;
S200：一温度控制模块，与温度监测设备电连接，接收温度信号并将当前温度与一预设的温度阈值比较，当当前温度低于温度阈值时，温度控制模块生成激活指令；S200: A temperature control module, which is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives a temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature control module generates an activation instruction;
S300：一加热设备接收激活指令，并对储氢装置内的固态储氢材料加热。S300: A heating device receives the activation instruction and heats the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device.
参阅图25，另一实施例中，还示出了一种氢能源助力车，包括如上所述的温度控制系统，储氢装置与氢能源助力车的电池电堆控制模块连接，以向电池电堆控制单元提供氢气，电池电推控制单元与锂电池组连接，向锂电池输送电能，由锂电池向助力车功能；电池电堆控制单元还与助力车控制单元连接，助力车控制单元控制助力车内车锁及电机的工作状态，工作状态的控制逻辑由电池电堆控制单元生成。优选地，电池电堆控制单元还可向温度控制系统提供热能，也就是说，燃料电池电堆运行时产生的废热将热补偿至温度监测设备，节省能量。Referring to FIG. 25, in another embodiment, a hydrogen energy moped is also shown, including the temperature control system described above, and the hydrogen storage device is connected to the battery stack control module of the hydrogen energy moped to control the battery stack The unit provides hydrogen, the battery electric propulsion control unit is connected to the lithium battery pack, and delivers electric energy to the lithium battery, from the lithium battery to the booster function; the battery stack control unit is also connected to the booster control unit, and the booster control unit controls the inner lock and motor of the booster The control logic of the working state is generated by the battery stack control unit. Preferably, the battery stack control unit can also provide thermal energy to the temperature control system, that is, the waste heat generated during the operation of the fuel cell stack compensates the heat to the temperature monitoring device, saving energy.
见图18，一种氢能源助力车安全储氢装置100，包括：储氢瓶110和安装在储氢瓶瓶口的阀门；其中，储氢瓶110由内至外依次包括：内胆111、缠绕层112和外壳113；内胆111为玻璃纤维和铝的混合材料，容积为1000～5000ml；缠绕层112为碳纤维缠绕层。As shown in Fig. 18, a safe hydrogen storage device 100 for a hydrogen energy moped, including: a hydrogen storage bottle 110 and a valve installed at the mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle; wherein, the hydrogen storage bottle 110 includes from the inside to the outside: an inner liner 111, a winding The layer 112 and the outer shell 113; the inner liner 111 is a mixed material of glass fiber and aluminum with a volume of 1000-5000 ml; the winding layer 112 is a carbon fiber winding layer.
阀门为顶开阀，包括：阀体114、顶柱115、弹簧116、气嘴117和弹性加压圈118；其中，阀体设置为帽状，适于与氢气瓶110连接，阀体114内部设有凹槽；阀体可设置成于氢气瓶固定连接也可以是可拆卸连接；阀体114内设有适于对顶柱115限位的限位圈，确保了装置的稳定性。另外的，阀体114顶部设有连接槽，连接槽内壁设有多圈内螺纹。The valve is a top-opening valve, including: a valve body 114, a top post 115, a spring 116, a gas nozzle 117 and an elastic pressurizing ring 118; wherein the valve body is set in a cap shape and is suitable for connecting with the hydrogen cylinder 110, and the inside of the valve body 114 There is a groove; the valve body can be fixedly connected to the hydrogen cylinder or can be detachably connected; the valve body 114 is provided with a limit ring suitable for limiting the top column 115 to ensure the stability of the device. In addition, the top of the valve body 114 is provided with a connecting groove, and the inner wall of the connecting groove is provided with multiple internal threads.
顶柱115贯穿阀体115，适于在阀体114内上下运动，顶柱115与阀体114连接处均设有密封装置；顶柱115上部设有一圈凸起；凸起设于阀体114内部凹槽内；顶柱115中心设有适于气体通过的通气孔；通气孔顶端设有过滤限流装置115-1，过滤限流装置115-1适于承压≤35MPa；顶柱115底部与气嘴117配合，顶柱115向下移动时适于打开气嘴117。The top post 115 penetrates the valve body 115 and is suitable for moving up and down in the valve body 114. The top post 115 and the valve body 114 are connected with sealing devices; the top post 115 is provided with a ring of protrusions; the protrusions are provided on the valve body 114 Inside the internal groove; the center of the top column 115 is provided with a vent hole suitable for gas to pass through; the top of the vent hole is provided with a filter flow limiting device 115-1, the filter flow limiting device 115-1 is suitable for pressure ≤35MPa; the bottom of the top column 115 Cooperating with the air nozzle 117, the top post 115 is suitable for opening the air nozzle 117 when it moves downward.
弹簧116的一端与顶柱115凸起连接，适于为顶柱115提供向上移动的力，另一端 设有垫片116-1；垫片116-1适于与阀体114连接；气嘴117为设置为倒圆台状，气嘴117上部设有旋转轴，适于气嘴117的开合；气嘴117面中心设有裂缝，裂缝沿气嘴117底面的厚度方向呈z形延伸，通过设置竖Z型气嘴，能有效增加气嘴117的接触面积，增大密封性；弹性加压圈118套设于气嘴117下部，适于压紧气嘴117。One end of the spring 116 is convexly connected with the top post 115, which is suitable for providing upward movement force for the top post 115, and the other end is provided with a gasket 116-1; the gasket 116-1 is suitable for connecting with the valve body 114; the gas nozzle 117 In order to be set in the shape of a rounded platform, the upper part of the gas nozzle 117 is provided with a rotating shaft, which is suitable for opening and closing of the gas nozzle 117; The vertical Z-type air nozzle can effectively increase the contact area of the air nozzle 117 and increase the sealing performance; the elastic pressurizing ring 118 is sleeved under the air nozzle 117 and is suitable for pressing the air nozzle 117.
一种采用上述氢能源助力车安全储氢装置的氢能源助力车供氢系统，包括氢能源助力车储氢装置、安全装置和电动控制装置；其中，安全装置可拆卸连接在氢能源助力车储氢装置的阀体2顶部；所述电动控制装置通过低压链接器以及转接器与安全装置连接。A hydrogen energy assisted vehicle hydrogen supply system adopting the above hydrogen energy assisted vehicle safety hydrogen storage device, comprising a hydrogen energy assisted vehicle hydrogen storage device, a safety device and an electric control device; wherein the safety device is detachably connected to the valve of the hydrogen energy assisted vehicle hydrogen storage device The top of the body 2; the electric control device is connected to the safety device through a low-voltage linker and an adapter.
见图19至21，安全装置200底部设有适于与阀体114连接的进气接头，进气接头外壁设有与阀体114的连接槽内螺纹匹配的外螺纹；进气接头为倒凹型；进气接头适于推动顶柱115打开气嘴117。See Figures 19 to 21, the bottom of the safety device 200 is provided with an air inlet connector suitable for connection with the valve body 114, and the outer wall of the air inlet connector is provided with an external thread that matches the internal thread of the connecting groove of the valve body 114; the air inlet connector is an undercut type ; The air inlet connector is adapted to push the top column 115 to open the gas nozzle 117.
安全装置包括本体；本体内设有与进气接头连接的进气通道；本体内还设有高压连接器接口、高压压力变送器接口、安全阀接口、手动阀接口、一级减压阀接口和二级减压阀接口；二级减压阀接口一侧设置低压输出接口210；高压连接器接口安装高压连接器211；压力变送器接口安装压力变送器212；安全阀接口安装安全阀213；手动阀接口安装手动阀215；一级减压阀接口安装一级减压阀214；二级减压阀接口安装二级减压阀216；进气通道依次通过高压连接器211、压力变送器212、安全阀213、手动阀215、一级减压阀214和二级减压阀216与低压输出接口210连通。通过设置高压连接器211、压力变送器212、安全阀213、手动阀215、一级减压阀214和二级减压阀216，控制输出口输出压力≥1.03Mpa，确保能安全供氢。The safety device includes the body; the body is provided with an air inlet channel connected to the air inlet connector; the body is also provided with a high-pressure connector interface, a high-pressure pressure transmitter interface, a safety valve interface, a manual valve interface, and a first-stage pressure reducing valve interface Interface with secondary pressure reducing valve; low pressure output interface 210 is installed on one side of secondary pressure reducing valve interface; high pressure connector 211 is installed on high pressure connector interface; pressure transmitter 212 is installed on pressure transmitter interface; safety valve is installed on safety valve interface 213; manual valve interface is installed with manual valve 215; first-stage pressure-reducing valve interface is installed with first-stage pressure-reducing valve 214; second-stage pressure-reducing valve interface is installed with two-stage pressure reducing valve 216; The transmitter 212, the safety valve 213, the manual valve 215, the primary pressure reducing valve 214 and the secondary pressure reducing valve 216 are in communication with the low pressure output interface 210. By setting the high pressure connector 211, pressure transmitter 212, safety valve 213, manual valve 215, primary pressure reducing valve 214 and secondary pressure reducing valve 216, the output pressure of the output port is controlled to be ≥1.03Mpa to ensure safe hydrogen supply.
高压连接器211设置在本体底部；压力变送器212设置于高压连接器211上部；安全阀213设置于压力变送器212上部；手动阀215设置于与安全阀213相邻的本体侧面上；一级减压阀14设置于与安全阀213相对的本体侧面上；二级减压阀216设置于本体顶部。The high-pressure connector 211 is arranged at the bottom of the body; the pressure transmitter 212 is arranged on the upper part of the high-pressure connector 211; the safety valve 213 is arranged on the upper part of the pressure transmitter 212; the manual valve 215 is arranged on the side of the body adjacent to the safety valve 213; The primary pressure reducing valve 14 is arranged on the side of the body opposite to the safety valve 213; the secondary pressure reducing valve 216 is arranged on the top of the body.
见图22，本发明使用时，将安全装置200与阀体114连接槽螺纹连接，当旋转至底部时，安全装置底部接头推动顶柱115打开气嘴117，氢气依次经过高压连接器211、压力变送器212、安全阀213、手动阀215、一级减压阀214和二级减压阀216，最终到达低压输出接口210，低压输出接口210处设有电动控制装置，控制氢气的通断。As shown in Fig. 22, when the present invention is used, the safety device 200 is threadedly connected to the connecting groove of the valve body 114. When it is rotated to the bottom, the bottom joint of the safety device pushes the top post 115 to open the gas nozzle 117, and the hydrogen passes through the high pressure connector 211 and the pressure The transmitter 212, the safety valve 213, the manual valve 215, the primary pressure reducing valve 214 and the secondary pressure reducing valve 216 finally reach the low-pressure output interface 210. The low-pressure output interface 210 is equipped with an electric control device to control the on and off of hydrogen. .
当储氢装置内氢气使用完后，关闭手动阀，反向旋转储氢装置，此时，气嘴117在弹性加压圈118的压力作用下闭合，确保残留气体不会泄露。When the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device is used up, the manual valve is closed and the hydrogen storage device is rotated in reverse. At this time, the gas nozzle 117 is closed under the pressure of the elastic pressure ring 118 to ensure that the residual gas does not leak.
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the foregoing specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner, provided that there is no contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described separately in the present invention.

Claims (57)

  1. 一种储氢装置，其特征在于，包括：A hydrogen storage device, characterized in that it comprises:
    储氢瓶和安装在储氢瓶瓶口的阀门；The hydrogen storage bottle and the valve installed at the mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle;
    所述储氢瓶由内至外依次包括：内胆、缠绕层和外壳；The hydrogen storage bottle includes in order from the inside to the outside: an inner liner, a winding layer and an outer shell;
    所述阀门为顶开阀，包括：The valve is a top-opening valve and includes:
    阀体，设置为帽状，适于与氢气瓶连接，所述阀体内部设有凹槽；The valve body is set in a cap shape and is suitable for connecting with a hydrogen cylinder, and a groove is provided in the valve body;
    顶柱，所述顶柱贯穿阀体，适于在阀体内上下运动；A top post, the top post penetrates the valve body and is suitable for moving up and down in the valve body;
    所述顶柱上部设有一圈凸起，所述凸起设于阀体内部凹槽内；A ring of protrusions is provided on the upper part of the top post, and the protrusions are provided in the internal groove of the valve body;
    弹簧，适于为顶柱提供向上移动的力；Spring, suitable for providing upward movement force for the top column;
    气嘴，与顶柱的底部配合，所述顶柱向下移动时适于打开所述气嘴；The air nozzle is matched with the bottom of the top column, which is suitable for opening the air nozzle when the top column moves downward;
    弹性加压圈，套设于气嘴下部，适于压紧气嘴；The elastic pressure ring is sleeved on the lower part of the gas nozzle, suitable for pressing the gas nozzle;
    所述顶柱中心设有适于气体通过的通气孔；The center of the top column is provided with a vent hole suitable for the passage of gas;
    所述阀体顶部设有连接槽。The top of the valve body is provided with a connecting groove.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的氢能源助力车安全储氢装置，其特征在于：所述阀体凹槽内设有适于对顶柱限位的限位圈。The safety hydrogen storage device for a hydrogen energy assisted vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a limit ring suitable for limiting the top column is provided in the groove of the valve body.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的氢能源助力车安全储氢装置，其特征在于：所述通气孔顶端设有过滤限流装置。The safe hydrogen storage device for hydrogen energy assisted vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the vent hole is provided with a filtering and current limiting device.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的氢能源助力车安全储氢装置，其特征在于：所述顶柱与阀体连接处均设有密封装置。The safe hydrogen storage device for hydrogen energy assisted vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the joints between the top pillar and the valve body are equipped with sealing devices.
  5. 一种储氢装置，包括瓶体及内置于所述瓶体的固态储氢材料，其特征在于，所述储氢装置还包括：A hydrogen storage device, comprising a bottle body and a solid hydrogen storage material built in the bottle body, characterized in that the hydrogen storage device further comprises:
    加热元件，伸入所述瓶体内，并与所述瓶体的瓶口相隔；The heating element extends into the bottle body and is separated from the mouth of the bottle body;
    电连接元件，与所述加热元件电连接，并露出于所述瓶体，与外部电源连接接收电能，并向所述加热元件供电，使得所述加热元件对所述固态储氢材料加热。The electrical connection element is electrically connected to the heating element and exposed to the bottle body, connected to an external power source to receive electric energy, and supply power to the heating element, so that the heating element heats the solid hydrogen storage material.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，The hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, wherein:
    所述加热元件沿所述储氢装置的轴向自所述瓶体的底部伸入所述瓶体内；The heating element extends into the bottle body from the bottom of the bottle body along the axial direction of the hydrogen storage device;
    所述瓶体沿其轴向设有槽体，所述槽体与所述瓶体的内部经所述瓶体的壳壁断隔；The bottle body is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
    所述加热元件穿入所述槽体内，并与所述槽体间隙配合，以对所述瓶体加热，所述瓶体接收的热量传导至所述固态储氢材料。The heating element penetrates into the tank body and is in clearance fit with the tank body to heat the bottle body, and the heat received by the bottle body is conducted to the solid hydrogen storage material.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，The hydrogen storage device according to claim 6, wherein:
    所述槽体沿所述瓶体轴向上的长度大于所述加热元件沿所述瓶体轴向上的长度，使得所述加热元件的加热端与所述槽体的槽底间具有加热层；The length of the tank in the axial direction of the bottle is greater than the length of the heating element in the axial direction of the bottle, so that there is a heating layer between the heating end of the heating element and the bottom of the tank ；
    所述加热元件产生的热量还经所述加热层传导至所述瓶体。The heat generated by the heating element is also conducted to the bottle body through the heating layer.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，The hydrogen storage device according to claim 6, wherein:
    所述加热元件的安装端具有外螺纹，所述槽体的槽口处设有内螺纹；所述外螺纹与所述内螺纹配合，以将所述加热元件固定至所述槽体内。The mounting end of the heating element has an external thread, and the slot of the groove body is provided with an internal thread; the external thread is matched with the internal thread to fix the heating element in the groove body.
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，The hydrogen storage device according to claim 6, wherein:
    所述瓶体的底部与所述槽体的槽口齐平，使得所述瓶体的底部呈平面型；The bottom of the bottle body is flush with the notch of the tank body, so that the bottom of the bottle body is flat;
    所述瓶体的底部端面上开设有至少一条防滑槽，所述防滑槽的开设方向沿所述瓶体的径向或与所述瓶体的径向呈一预设角度。At least one anti-slip groove is formed on the bottom end surface of the bottle body, and the opening direction of the anti-slip groove is along the radial direction of the bottle body or is at a predetermined angle with the radial direction of the bottle body.
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，The hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, wherein:
    所述瓶体沿其轴向设有开口，所述开口与所述瓶体的内部连通；The bottle body is provided with an opening along its axial direction, and the opening is in communication with the inside of the bottle body;
    所述加热元件自所述开口穿入所述瓶体内，并封闭所述开口，以对所述固态储氢材料加热。The heating element penetrates into the bottle body from the opening and closes the opening to heat the solid hydrogen storage material.
  11. 根据权利要求5所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，The hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, wherein:
    所述加热元件为电阻丝，并内置有一温度传感器；The heating element is a resistance wire, and a temperature sensor is built in;
    所述瓶体由铝合金无缝材料及铝合金内胆碳纤维缠绕复合材料制成；The bottle body is made of aluminum alloy seamless material and aluminum alloy liner carbon fiber winding composite material;
    所述电连接元件具有插接口，以接收外部电源。The electrical connection element has a plug interface to receive an external power source.
  12. 根据权利要求5所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，The hydrogen storage device according to claim 5, wherein:
    所述瓶体接收所述电连接元件处设有一容纳台阶，所述容纳台阶的径向宽度大于所述加热元件的径向宽度；An accommodating step is provided where the bottle body receives the electrical connection element, and the radial width of the accommodating step is greater than the radial width of the heating element;
    所述电连接元件的径向宽度与所述容纳台阶匹配，使得所述电连接元件与所述容纳台阶接触安装时，限制所述电连接元件伸入所述瓶体中部的位移，且所述电连接元件部分突出于所述瓶体外。The radial width of the electrical connection element matches the accommodating step, so that when the electrical connection element is installed in contact with the accommodating step, the displacement of the electrical connection element extending into the middle of the bottle body is restricted, and the The electrical connection element partially protrudes outside the bottle body.
  13. 一种储氢装置，其特征在于，包括：A hydrogen storage device, characterized in that it comprises:
    瓶体，用于存储固态储氢材料和氢气；Bottle body, used to store solid hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen;
    防护罩，设置在所述瓶体的出气口处，与所述瓶体密封连接；The protective cover is arranged at the air outlet of the bottle body and is connected to the bottle body in a sealed manner;
    低压进或出气口，设于所述防护罩一侧，与所述瓶体的出气口连接；A low-pressure air inlet or outlet is provided on one side of the protective cover and connected with the air outlet of the bottle body;
    身份识别标签，设置在所述防护罩或瓶体上。The identification label is set on the protective cover or the bottle body.
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，所述身份识别标签为RFID或二维码；The hydrogen storage device according to claim 13, wherein the identification tag is an RFID or a two-dimensional code;
    身份识别标签至少包括或可获取储氢装置的编号、生产日期、储氢装置的相关参数、最近多次的充氢时间和充氢量、储氢装置内储氢量中的一种或多种信息。The identification tag includes at least one or more of the number of the hydrogen storage device, the date of production, the relevant parameters of the hydrogen storage device, the most recent hydrogen charging time and amount, and the amount of hydrogen storage in the hydrogen storage device. information.
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，所述身份识别标签固定安装在所述防护罩内侧，其识别区域通过设置在防护罩上的镂空或透明区域，露出在防护罩的外侧。The hydrogen storage device according to claim 13, wherein the identification tag is fixedly installed inside the protective cover, and its identification area is exposed on the outside of the protective cover through a hollow or transparent area provided on the protective cover .
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，所述瓶体沿其轴向设有槽体，所述槽体与所述瓶体的内部经所述瓶体的壳壁断隔；The hydrogen storage device according to claim 13, wherein the bottle body is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
    所述槽体包括内层和外层，在所述内层和外层之间留有预定间隙，形成第一腔体，在所述第一腔体内装有加热介质。The tank body includes an inner layer and an outer layer, and a predetermined gap is left between the inner layer and the outer layer to form a first cavity, and a heating medium is installed in the first cavity.
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的储氢装置，其特征在于，所述瓶体或防护罩上安装有把手，且所述把手为可折叠式把手。The hydrogen storage device according to claim 13, wherein a handle is installed on the bottle body or the protective cover, and the handle is a foldable handle.
  18. 一种安全装置，其特征在于，设置于权利要求1至17之一所述储氢装置瓶口的出气口；所述安全装置为组合阀，所述组合阀为多功能集成阀；A safety device, characterized in that it is arranged at the gas outlet of the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 17; the safety device is a combined valve, and the combined valve is a multifunctional integrated valve;
    所述组合阀包括：The combination valve includes:
    阀体；Valve body
    连接口，与储氢瓶的出气口连通，向所述阀体内传输氢气；The connecting port is in communication with the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle, and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
    通气口，与所述连接口连通，接收氢气并传输至所述储氢瓶，和/或传输氢气至电堆；A vent, which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
    控制阀，设置在通气口与所述连接口的连接点上，控制所述连接口与通气口通路的开闭；The control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
    安全阀，与所述连接口相连通，保证储氢瓶内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围；The safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
    调压阀，设置在所述连接口与通气口的通路上，用于控制所述阀体内的气压。The pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的安全装置，其特征在于，所述组合阀为一体成型结构。The safety device according to claim 18, wherein the combination valve is an integrally formed structure.
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的安全装置，其特征在于，所述组合阀安装在所述储氢瓶的出气口；组合阀与储氢瓶之间为一体式连接关系。The safety device according to claim 18, wherein the combination valve is installed at the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle; the combination valve and the hydrogen storage bottle are in an integral connection relationship.
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的安全装置，其特征在于，所述阀体采用铝合金、钛合金或金属铜制成。The safety device according to claim 18, wherein the valve body is made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or metallic copper.
  22. 根据权利要求18所述的安全装置，其特征在于，所述连接口的一端设置有压力 传感器，并在所述安全阀上安装有自动触发装置，用于启动安全阀。The safety device according to claim 18, wherein a pressure sensor is provided at one end of the connection port, and an automatic trigger device is installed on the safety valve to activate the safety valve.
  23. 根据权利要求18所述的安全装置，其特征在于，所述通气口连接有密封接头；The safety device according to claim 18, wherein a sealing joint is connected to the vent;
    所述密封接头包括：与通气口相连接的第一接头，与用于电堆供气管路相连接的第二接头；The sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
    当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路；When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
    当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路向电堆供气管路提供氢气。When the second joint is inserted into the first joint, a passage is formed, and hydrogen is supplied to the stack gas supply pipeline through the pipeline.
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的安全装置，其特征在于，所述第一接头包括：与所述通气口密封连接的第一本体部，与所述第二接头密封连接的第二本体部，在所述第二本体部内设置有密封气嘴，设置在所述密封气嘴外部的弹性件；The safety device according to claim 23, wherein the first joint comprises: a first body part hermetically connected with the vent, a second body part hermetically connected with the second joint, and The second body part is provided with a sealing gas nozzle, and an elastic member arranged outside the sealing gas nozzle;
    所述弹性件为蓄能状态，使得所述密封气嘴有保持闭合的趋势。The elastic member is in an energy storage state, so that the sealing gas nozzle has a tendency to remain closed.
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的安全装置，其特征在于，所述第二接头包括：与所述第二本体部密封连接的第三本体部；与电堆供气管路密封连接第四本体部，在所述第三本体部内部设置有顶柱，在所述顶柱为中空管道；The safety device according to claim 24, wherein the second joint comprises: a third body part hermetically connected with the second body part; and a fourth body part hermetically connected with the gas supply pipeline of the stack. A top column is arranged inside the third body part, and the top column is a hollow pipe;
    当第二接头插接于第一接头时，所述顶柱顶起所述密封气嘴，迫使所述密封气嘴张开，形成通路，并通过中空管道向电堆供气管路提供氢气。When the second joint is plugged into the first joint, the top column pushes up the sealing gas nozzle, forcing the sealing gas nozzle to open, forming a passage, and supplying hydrogen to the gas supply pipeline of the stack through the hollow pipe.
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的安全装置，其特征在于，所述第一接头和第二接头之间通过卡扣或紧固件进行连接。The safety device according to claim 25, wherein the first joint and the second joint are connected by a buckle or a fastener.
  27. 一种储氢系统，包括储氢装置和设置于储氢装置瓶口的安全装置，其特征在于：所述储氢装置采用如权利要求1至17之一所述的储氢装置的结构；A hydrogen storage system, comprising a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 17;
    所述安全装置采用如权利要求18至27之一所述的安全装置的结构。The safety device adopts the structure of the safety device according to one of claims 18 to 27.
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的储氢系统，其特征在于：The hydrogen storage system of claim 27, wherein:
    所述安全装置为多功能集成的组合阀；The safety device is a multifunctional integrated combined valve;
    所述组合阀包括：The combination valve includes:
    阀体；Valve body
    连接口，与所述瓶体的出气口连通，向所述阀体内传输氢气；The connecting port is in communication with the gas outlet of the bottle body and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
    通气口，与所述连接口连通，接收氢气并传输至所述储氢瓶，和/或传输氢气至电堆；A vent, which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
    控制阀，设置在通气口与所述连接口的连接点上，控制所述连接口与通气口通路的开闭；The control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
    安全阀，与所述连接口相连通，保证储氢瓶内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围；The safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
    调压阀，设置在所述连接口与通气口的通路上，用于控制所述阀体内的气压。The pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述通气口连接有密封接头，穿过所述防护罩，并露出于防护罩，形成低压出气口；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 28, wherein the air vent is connected with a sealing joint, passes through the protective cover, and is exposed to the protective cover to form a low-pressure air outlet;
    所述密封接头包括：与通气口相连接的第一接头，与用于电堆供气管路相连接的第二接头；The sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
    当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路；When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
    当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路向电堆提供氢气。When the second connector is plugged into the first connector, a passage is formed, and hydrogen is supplied to the stack through the pipeline.
  30. 一种储氢系统，包括储氢装置和设置于储氢装置瓶口的安全装置，其特征在于：所述储氢装置采用如权利要求1至17之一所述的储氢装置的结构；A hydrogen storage system, comprising a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 17;
    所述安全装置为多功能集成的组合阀；The safety device is a multifunctional integrated combined valve;
    所述组合阀包括阀体，设于所述瓶体的瓶口；The combination valve includes a valve body, which is arranged at the mouth of the bottle body;
    所述阀体包括：The valve body includes:
    进气阀，与所述瓶口连通，向所述瓶体内传输氢气；An air inlet valve, which is connected to the bottle mouth, and transmits hydrogen gas into the bottle body;
    充气阀，与所述进气阀连通，单向接收氢气并传输至所述进气阀；An inflation valve, connected to the intake valve, unidirectionally receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the intake valve;
    安全阀；Safety valve
    调压阀，控制所述阀体内的气压；A pressure regulating valve, which controls the air pressure in the valve body;
    出气阀，与所述进气阀连通，接收氢气并连接至一电堆，并向所述电堆提供15-50kpa的氢气；An outlet valve, connected to the inlet valve, receives hydrogen and is connected to an electric stack, and provides 15-50kpa of hydrogen to the electric stack;
    手动开关阀。Manually switch the valve.
  31. 一种储氢系统，包括储氢装置和设置于储氢装置瓶口的安全装置，其特征在于：所述储氢装置采用如权利要求1至17之一所述的储氢装置的结构；A hydrogen storage system, comprising a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 17;
    包括：瓶体，至少一个过滤装置，设置于所述瓶体出气口外侧的组合阀，以及均匀分布在所述瓶体内的固态储氢材料；所述安全装置为多功能集成阀。It includes a bottle body, at least one filtering device, a combined valve arranged outside the gas outlet of the bottle body, and a solid hydrogen storage material evenly distributed in the bottle body; the safety device is a multifunctional integrated valve.
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述集成阀包括：The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein the integration valve comprises:
    阀体，所述阀体上设置有至少一个第一接口、至少一个第二接口；A valve body, at least one first interface and at least one second interface are provided on the valve body;
    控制阀，用于控制所述第一接口与第二接口通路的开闭；A control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first interface and the second interface path;
    安全阀，与所述第一接口相连通，控制瓶体内部压力和/或温度在预定范围；A safety valve, connected with the first interface, to control the internal pressure and/or temperature of the bottle to be within a predetermined range;
    调压阀，设置在所述第一接口与第二接口通路上，控制所述阀体的输出气压。A pressure regulating valve is arranged on the first interface and the second interface passage, and controls the output air pressure of the valve body.
  33. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述集成阀包括：The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein the integration valve comprises:
    阀体，所述阀体上设置有至少一个第一接口、至少一个第二接口、至少一个第三接口；A valve body provided with at least one first interface, at least one second interface, and at least one third interface;
    控制阀，用于控制所述第一接口与第二接口通路和/或所述第一接口与第三接口通路的开闭；A control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first interface and the second interface passage and/or the first interface and the third interface passage;
    安全阀，与所述第一接口相连通，控制瓶体内部压力和/或温度在预定范围；A safety valve, connected with the first interface, to control the internal pressure and/or temperature of the bottle to be within a predetermined range;
    调压阀，设置在所述第一接口与第三接口通路上，控制所述阀体的输出气压。A pressure regulating valve is arranged on the first interface and the third interface passage, and controls the output air pressure of the valve body.
  34. 根据权利要求32所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述第一接口与瓶体出气口的外侧相连接；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 32, wherein the first interface is connected to the outside of the gas outlet of the bottle body;
    所述第二接口上设置有内嵌于或部分内嵌于所述阀体内部的单向阀；A one-way valve embedded or partially embedded in the valve body is provided on the second interface;
    在所述阀体内第一接口、第二接口或第一接口与第二接口的通路上设有保压阀。A pressure maintaining valve is arranged on the first port, the second port or the passage between the first port and the second port in the valve body.
  35. 根据权利要求33所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述第三接口上外接有密封接头；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 33, wherein a sealing joint is externally connected to the third interface;
    所述密封接头包括：与第三接口相连接的第一接头，与电堆相连接的第二接头；The sealed joint includes: a first joint connected to the third interface, and a second joint connected to the stack;
    当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路；When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
    当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路向电堆提供氢气。When the second connector is plugged into the first connector, a passage is formed, and hydrogen is supplied to the stack through the pipeline.
  36. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述瓶体内部设置有导流管，所述导流管安装在所述瓶体的中轴线上，并沿着所述导流管按照预定间距、预定夹角固定安装有多个筛网，将瓶体分割成多个第一容腔在所述第一容腔内存储有固态储氢材料；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein a flow guide tube is provided inside the bottle body, and the flow guide tube is installed on the central axis of the bottle body and runs along the flow guide tube. A plurality of screens are fixedly installed according to a predetermined interval and a predetermined included angle, and the bottle body is divided into a plurality of first cavities in which the solid hydrogen storage material is stored;
    在所述导流管上设置有至少与所述第二腔体相连通的通气孔；A vent hole communicating with at least the second cavity is provided on the draft tube;
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述导流管为网或孔状金属管；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 36, wherein the draft tube is a mesh or hole-shaped metal tube;
    所述金属导管采用铝合金、钛合金或金属铜中一种材质制成。The metal conduit is made of one of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy or metallic copper.
  38. 根据权利要求36所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述筛网与导流管之间的夹角与所述储氢装置安装放置的倾斜夹角相同；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 36, wherein the included angle between the screen and the draft tube is the same as the inclination angle at which the hydrogen storage device is installed;
    保证所述筛网安装方向与水平面相平行。Ensure that the installation direction of the screen is parallel to the horizontal plane.
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述储氢装置外部圆周面上设置有识别标签，所述识别标签设置方向与所述储氢装置出气口方向相反；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 38, wherein an identification label is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the hydrogen storage device, and the setting direction of the identification label is opposite to the direction of the gas outlet of the hydrogen storage device;
    通过识别标签判断所述储氢装置的安装放置方向。The installation and placement direction of the hydrogen storage device is judged by the identification tag.
  40. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于：The hydrogen storage system of claim 31, wherein:
    所述集成阀包括：The integrated valve includes:
    阀体；Valve body
    连接口，与瓶体出气口连通，向所述阀体内传输氢气；The connecting port is connected with the gas outlet of the bottle body, and transmits hydrogen gas into the valve body;
    通气口，与所述连接口连通，接收氢气并传输至所述储氢瓶，和/或传输氢气至电堆；A vent, which is connected to the connection port, receives hydrogen gas and transmits it to the hydrogen storage bottle, and/or transmits hydrogen gas to the stack;
    控制阀，设置在通气口与所述连接口的连接点上，控制所述连接口与通气口通路的开闭；The control valve is arranged at the connection point between the vent and the connection port, and controls the opening and closing of the passage between the connection port and the vent;
    安全阀，与所述连接口相连通，保证储氢瓶内部压力控制在1-3MPa的低压范围；The safety valve is connected with the connection port to ensure that the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is controlled in the low pressure range of 1-3 MPa;
    调压阀，设置在所述连接口与通气口的通路上，用于控制所述阀体内的气压。The pressure regulating valve is arranged on the passage between the connection port and the vent, and is used to control the air pressure in the valve body.
  41. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述通气口连接有密封接头；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein a sealing joint is connected to the vent;
    所述密封接头包括：与通气口相连接的第一接头，与用于电堆供气管路相连接的第二接头；The sealing joint includes: a first joint connected with a vent, and a second joint connected with a gas supply pipeline for the stack;
    当第一接头与第二接头处于断开状态时，所述第一接头具有截流功能，形成断路；When the first joint and the second joint are in a disconnected state, the first joint has a flow-cutting function and forms an open circuit;
    当第二接头插接于第一接头时，形成通路，并通过管路向电堆提供氢气。When the second connector is plugged into the first connector, a passage is formed, and hydrogen is supplied to the stack through the pipeline.
  42. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述瓶体沿其轴向设有槽体，所述槽体与所述瓶体的内部经所述瓶体的壳壁断隔；The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein the bottle body is provided with a groove body along its axial direction, and the inside of the groove body and the bottle body are separated by the shell wall of the bottle body;
    所述槽体包括内层和外层，在所述内层和外层之间留有预定间隙，形成第一腔体，在所述第一腔体内装有加热介质。The tank body includes an inner layer and an outer layer, and a predetermined gap is left between the inner layer and the outer layer to form a first cavity, and a heating medium is installed in the first cavity.
  43. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述加热介质至少包括水、硅油、导热油一种。The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein the heating medium includes at least one of water, silicon oil, and heat transfer oil.
  44. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述瓶体与组合阀之间为一体式连接结构。The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein the bottle body and the combined valve have an integrated connection structure.
  45. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述瓶体或防护罩上安装有把手。The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein a handle is installed on the bottle body or the protective cover.
  46. 根据权利要求31所述的储氢系统，其特征在于，所述把手为可折叠式把手。The hydrogen storage system according to claim 31, wherein the handle is a foldable handle.
  47. 一种储氢系统，包括储氢装置和设置于储氢装置瓶口的安全装置，其特征在于：所述储氢装置采用如权利要求1至4之一所述的储氢装置的结构；A hydrogen storage system, comprising a hydrogen storage device and a safety device arranged at the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage device, characterized in that: the hydrogen storage device adopts the structure of the hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
    还包括电动控制装置；所述安全装置可拆卸连接在氢能源助力车安全储氢装置的阀体顶部；所述电动控制装置通过低压联接器以及转接器与安全装置连接。It also includes an electric control device; the safety device is detachably connected to the top of the valve body of the hydrogen energy-assisted vehicle safety hydrogen storage device; the electric control device is connected to the safety device through a low-voltage connector and an adapter.
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的储氢系统，其特征在于：所述安全装置底部设有适于与阀体连接的进气接头；所述进气接头外壁设有与所述连接槽内螺纹匹配的外螺纹；所述 进气接头为倒凹型；所述进气接头适于推动所述顶柱打开气嘴。The hydrogen storage system according to claim 47, wherein the bottom of the safety device is provided with an air inlet connector suitable for connecting with the valve body; External thread; the air inlet connector is an inverted concave type; the air inlet connector is suitable for pushing the top column to open the air nozzle.
  49. 根据权利要求47所述的储氢系统，其特征在于：所述安全装置包括本体；所述本体内设有与进气接头连接的进气通道；所述本体内还设有高压连接器接口、高压压力变送器接口、安全阀接口、手动阀接口、一级减压阀接口和二级减压阀接口；所述二级减压阀接口一侧设置低压输出接口；所述高压连接器接口安装高压连接器；所述压力变送器接口安装压力变送器；所述安全阀接口安装安全阀；所述手动阀接口安装手动阀；所述一级减压阀接口安装一级减压阀；所述二级减压阀接口安装二级减压阀；所述进气通道依次通过高压连接器、压力变送器、安全阀、手动阀、一级减压阀和二级减压阀与低压输出接口连通。The hydrogen storage system according to claim 47, characterized in that: the safety device comprises a main body; the main body is provided with an air inlet channel connected to the air inlet connector; the main body is also provided with a high-pressure connector interface, High pressure pressure transmitter interface, safety valve interface, manual valve interface, primary pressure reducing valve interface and secondary pressure reducing valve interface; a low pressure output interface is provided on one side of the secondary pressure reducing valve interface; the high pressure connector interface Install a high-pressure connector; install a pressure transmitter on the pressure transmitter interface; install a safety valve on the safety valve interface; install a manual valve on the manual valve interface; install a primary pressure relief valve on the first-stage pressure reducing valve interface The two-stage pressure reducing valve interface is installed with a two-stage pressure reducing valve; the air intake passage passes through a high-pressure connector, a pressure transmitter, a safety valve, a manual valve, a first-stage pressure-reducing valve and a second-stage pressure-reducing valve in turn The low-voltage output interface is connected.
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的储氢系统，其特征在于：所述高压连接器设置在本体底部；所述压力变送器设置于高压连接器上部；所述安全阀设置于压力变送器上部；所述手动阀设置于与安全阀相邻的本体侧面上；所述一级减压阀设置于与安全阀相对的本体侧面上；所述二级减压阀设置于本体顶部。The hydrogen storage system according to claim 49, wherein the high-pressure connector is arranged at the bottom of the body; the pressure transmitter is arranged at the upper part of the high-pressure connector; the safety valve is arranged at the upper part of the pressure transmitter; The manual valve is arranged on the side of the body adjacent to the safety valve; the primary pressure reducing valve is arranged on the side of the body opposite to the safety valve; the secondary pressure reducing valve is arranged on the top of the body.
  51. 一种用于储氢装置的温控系统，所述储氢装置包括瓶体、设于所述瓶体的出气口的阀体，其特征在于，A temperature control system for a hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage device comprising a bottle body and a valve body provided at the gas outlet of the bottle body, characterized in that:
    所述温控系统还包括温度监测设备及加热设备；The temperature control system also includes temperature monitoring equipment and heating equipment;
    所述温度监测设备设于所述储氢装置内以监测所述瓶体内的温度，并形成一包括当前温度的温度信号；The temperature monitoring device is arranged in the hydrogen storage device to monitor the temperature in the bottle and form a temperature signal including the current temperature;
    所述加热设备基于一激活指令对所述储氢装置内的固态储氢材料加热；The heating device heats the solid hydrogen storage material in the hydrogen storage device based on an activation instruction;
    所述温控系统还包括：The temperature control system further includes:
    温度控制模块，与所述温度监测设备及加热设备电连接，接收所述温度信号并将所述当前温度与一预设的温度阈值比较，当所述当前温度低于所述温度阈值时，所述温度控制模块生成所述激活指令，并将所述激活指令发送至所述加热设备。The temperature control module is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device and the heating device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, The temperature control module generates the activation instruction, and sends the activation instruction to the heating device.
  52. 根据权利要求51所述的温控系统，其特征在于，The temperature control system of claim 51, wherein:
    所述温度控制模块包括：The temperature control module includes:
    温度比较电路，与所述温度监测设备电连接，接收所述温度信号并比较当前温度与温度阈值；A temperature comparison circuit, electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a temperature threshold;
    加热控制电路，与所述温度比较电路及加热设备电连接，接收温度比较电路的比较结果并生成所述激活指令；The heating control circuit is electrically connected to the temperature comparison circuit and the heating device, receives the comparison result of the temperature comparison circuit and generates the activation instruction;
    所述温度控制模块还包括加热保护电路，电连接于所述加热控制电路与加热设备间，监测所述温度控制模块的工作状态，以导通或切断所述加热控制电路至所述加热设备的加热链路。The temperature control module further includes a heating protection circuit, which is electrically connected between the heating control circuit and the heating device, and monitors the working state of the temperature control module to conduct or cut off the heating control circuit to the heating device. Heating link.
  53. 根据权利要求52所述的温控系统，其特征在于，The temperature control system of claim 52, wherein:
    所述温度控制模块还包括时钟单元，与所述加热控制电路电连接，向所述激活指令添加时钟信息，其中，所述时钟信息包括加热时间t；The temperature control module further includes a clock unit, which is electrically connected to the heating control circuit, and adds clock information to the activation instruction, wherein the clock information includes heating time t;
    加热时间t基于以下公式计算所得：The heating time t is calculated based on the following formula:
    t＝(温度阈值-当前温度)*时间阈值/温度阈值差，所述温度阈值差与时间阈值基于一测试温度和测试时间预存所得。t=(temperature threshold-current temperature)*time threshold/temperature threshold difference, where the temperature threshold difference and the time threshold are prestored based on a test temperature and test time.
  54. 根据权利要求53所述的温控系统，其特征在于，The temperature control system of claim 53, wherein:
    当所述加热时间t后，所述当前温度仍低于所述温度阈值时，所述温度控制模块再次生成所述激活指令，并将所述激活指令发送至所述加热设备；When the current temperature is still lower than the temperature threshold after the heating time t, the temperature control module generates the activation instruction again, and sends the activation instruction to the heating device;
    当所述加热时间t内，所述当前温度高于所述温度阈值时，所述温度控制模块将所述当前温度与所述温度阈值的差值与一预设差值比较，当所述当前温度与所述温度阈值的差值大于所述预设差值，提前给所述加热时间t内发送断开指令至所述加热设备。When the current temperature is higher than the temperature threshold during the heating time t, the temperature control module compares the difference between the current temperature and the temperature threshold with a preset difference, and when the current The difference between the temperature and the temperature threshold is greater than the preset difference, and a disconnection instruction is sent to the heating device within the heating time t in advance.
  55. 根据权利要求51所述的温控系统，其特征在于，The temperature control system of claim 51, wherein:
    所述温度监测设备为温度传感器，固定于所述瓶体内，并与所述阀体连接；The temperature monitoring device is a temperature sensor, which is fixed in the bottle body and connected with the valve body;
    所述加热设备呈带状并围设于所述瓶体的外部，或The heating device is in the shape of a belt and is surrounded by the outside of the bottle, or
    所述加热设备伸入所述瓶体，所述温度监测设备固定于所述加热设备上；The heating device extends into the bottle body, and the temperature monitoring device is fixed on the heating device;
    所述加热设备的端部设有插接口，所述温度控制模块具有电连接件，所述电连接件插入所述插接口以与所述加热设备连接。An end of the heating device is provided with a plug-in interface, the temperature control module has an electrical connector, and the electrical connector is inserted into the plug-in interface to connect with the heating device.
  56. 一种用于储氢装置的温控方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A temperature control method for a hydrogen storage device is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    设于所述储氢装置内的温度监测设备监测储氢装置内的温度，并形成一包括当前温度的温度信号；The temperature monitoring device provided in the hydrogen storage device monitors the temperature in the hydrogen storage device and forms a temperature signal including the current temperature;
    一温度控制模块，与所述温度监测设备电连接，接收所述温度信号并将所述当前温度与一预设的温度阈值比较，当所述当前温度低于所述温度阈值时，所述温度控制模块生成激活指令；A temperature control module is electrically connected to the temperature monitoring device, receives the temperature signal and compares the current temperature with a preset temperature threshold. When the current temperature is lower than the temperature threshold, the temperature The control module generates an activation instruction;
    一加热设备接收所述激活指令，并对所述储氢装置内的氢气加热。A heating device receives the activation instruction and heats the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device.
  57. 一种氢动力车，其特征在于：包括电机及与所述电机连接的电堆，所述电堆连接 至如权利要求1-17任一项所述的储氢装置；采用如权利要求18-26任一所述的安全装置。A hydrogen-powered vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a motor and a stack connected to the motor, and the stack is connected to the hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-17; 26 Any of the safety devices described.
PCT/CN2021/089314 2020-04-24 2021-04-23 Hydrogen storage device, safety device, hydrogen storage system, temperature control system, temperature control method, and hydrogen-powered vehicle WO2021213501A1 (en)

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CN202010331602.0A CN111412385A (en) 2020-04-24 2020-04-24 Safe hydrogen storage device of hydrogen energy moped and hydrogen supply system thereof
CN202011584613.6A CN112550004A (en) 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Hydrogen storage device and hydrogen energy power-assisted vehicle
CN202011577473.XA CN112606712A (en) 2020-12-28 2020-12-28 Temperature control system and method for hydrogen storage device and hydrogen energy moped
CN202011577473.X 2020-12-28
CN202011584613.6 2020-12-28
CN202110281408.0 2021-03-16
CN202110282525.9 2021-03-16
CN202110281391.9 2021-03-16
CN202110281408.0A CN112879794A (en) 2021-03-16 2021-03-16 Low-pressure safety hydrogen storage device and hydrogen fuel electric bicycle
CN202110282544.1A CN113063090B (en) 2021-03-16 2021-03-16 Hydrogen storage device and hydrogen fuel electric bicycle thereof
CN202110281391.9A CN112879802A (en) 2021-03-16 2021-03-16 Hydrogen storage device combination valve for moving object and control method thereof
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