WO2021213238A1 - Appareil photothermique- photovoltaïque - Google Patents

Appareil photothermique- photovoltaïque Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021213238A1
WO2021213238A1 PCT/CN2021/087364 CN2021087364W WO2021213238A1 WO 2021213238 A1 WO2021213238 A1 WO 2021213238A1 CN 2021087364 W CN2021087364 W CN 2021087364W WO 2021213238 A1 WO2021213238 A1 WO 2021213238A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic
heat
tube
heat collection
collection tube
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/087364
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
高峰
刘在祥
陈艳凤
朱涛
蔡园丰
王兵
牛争艳
Original Assignee
上海兴邺材料科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海兴邺材料科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海兴邺材料科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021213238A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021213238A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/30—Arrangements for connecting the fluid circuits of solar collectors with each other or with other components, e.g. pipe connections; Fluid distributing means, e.g. headers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40—Thermal components
    • H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60—Thermal-PV hybrids

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of solar energy, especially photovoltaic-photothermal devices that can realize photovoltaic-photothermal switching.
  • Solar energy as a renewable energy source, has been widely used, such as photovoltaic power generation, solar thermal heating, solar thermal power generation, etc. Solar energy is also the main direction for the development of green energy in the future.
  • photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal heating technology products have been popularized in every country in the world.
  • the prior art solar power generation device and heating device are two separate devices. Since photovoltaic utilization and solar heat utilization of solar energy have their own advantages and disadvantages, there is a problem that they cannot be installed at the same time. The ability to generate heat but not generate electricity prevents the two from complementing each other's advantages, and cannot perform both heating and power generation at the same time, which affects the full and efficient use of solar energy.
  • the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low, and its conversion efficiency is generally 12%-17% of the solar energy radiation, which means that about 83% of the solar energy irradiated on the surface of the photovoltaic panel is not used and converted, and a considerable part of the energy It is converted into heat loss, and at the same time, the generated heat energy will increase the temperature of the photovoltaic panel and cause the cell efficiency to drop, further reducing the photoelectric conversion rate; therefore, pure photovoltaic power generation has the problem of low conversion rate and large loss of solar energy.
  • the technical problem to be solved in this application is to provide a photovoltaic-photothermal device that can realize photovoltaic-photothermal switching, which combines photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal heating, and can select power generation or heating according to needs, greatly improving the use of solar energy Rate.
  • this application proposes a photovoltaic-photothermal device, including:
  • a heat collection tube fixedly connected to the base frame
  • It also includes a photovoltaic panel arranged on the radially outer part of the heat collection tube and capable of rotating around the heat collection tube, and the photovoltaic panel has a photovoltaic working surface facing away from the heat collection tube.
  • the photovoltaic-photothermal device of the first aspect may also include one or more of the following preferred solutions:
  • the photovoltaic panel is arranged in parallel on the radially outer part of the heat collection tube.
  • each heat collection tube is spaced apart and arranged in parallel, and each photovoltaic panel is arranged in parallel in a radial direction corresponding to one heat collection tube.
  • the outer part can rotate around the heat collection tube, and the distance between each photovoltaic panel and the corresponding heat collection tube is smaller than the distance between the heat collection tube and the adjacent heat collection tube.
  • a photovoltaic panel capable of rotating around the tube axis of the heat collection tube is arranged in parallel on the radially outer part of each heat collection tube.
  • the heat collection tubes are arranged in the same plane.
  • the heat collection tubes are arranged equidistantly.
  • each photovoltaic panel is equal to the distance between two adjacent heat collection tubes.
  • each photovoltaic panel is arranged on a radially outer part corresponding to one heat collection tube, and at least one of the photovoltaic panels rotates. All pass through the corresponding interval space between two adjacent heat collection tubes.
  • the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected with a pivot frame pivotally sleeved on the heat collection tube.
  • the pivot frame is fixedly connected with a gear coaxially sleeved outside the heat collection tube, and the base frame is mounted with a motor which is connected to the gear in transmission to drive the gear to rotate.
  • the side of the photovoltaic panel facing the heat collection tube is fixedly connected with a reflector plate, and the reflector plate has a reflective surface facing the heat collection tube.
  • the reflective surface is a concave curved surface.
  • Both the photovoltaic panel and the reflector plate are arc panels arranged around the heat collection tube, and the photovoltaic panel and the reflector plate are arranged close to each other.
  • the photovoltaic panel is an arc panel arranged around the heat collection tube, and the photovoltaic panel is arranged next to the heat collection tube.
  • this application proposes a photovoltaic-photothermal device, including:
  • a water tank fixed on the base frame, and
  • a heat collection tube connected to the base frame
  • the heat collection tube includes:
  • a vacuum tube body composed of a coaxially fixed inner tube and an outer tube
  • a heat-absorbing coating attached to the wall of the inner tube
  • the heat-conducting rod and the aluminum foil that are movably arranged in the inner tube and connected to each other;
  • the heat-conducting rod includes an extension end of the heat-conducting rod that extends outside the inner tube and is inserted into the water tank;
  • the protruding end of the heat conducting rod is sealed and fixedly inserted in the water tank, the vacuum tube body is rotatably connected with the base frame, and the radially outer part of the vacuum tube body is fixedly connected with photovoltaic cells that follow the rotation of the vacuum tube body.
  • the photovoltaic panel has a photovoltaic working surface facing away from the heat collection tube.
  • the photovoltaic-photothermal device of the second aspect may also include one or more of the following preferred solutions:
  • the base frame is provided with a rear insertion hole of the heat collection tube and a front insertion hole of the heat collection tube, and both ends of the vacuum tube body are pivotally inserted into the rear insertion hole of the heat collection tube and the front insertion hole of the heat collection tube In the hole.
  • the base frame is provided with a rear insertion hole for the heat collection tube
  • the wall of the water tank is provided with a front insertion hole for the heat collection tube
  • both ends of the vacuum tube body are pivoted and inserted into the rear of the heat collection tube.
  • the protruding end of the heat conducting rod is in direct contact with the water in the water tank.
  • the tank wall of the water tank penetrates through a through hole arranged coaxially with the front insertion hole of the heat collection tube, and the water tank is fixedly arranged coaxially with the through hole, and the through hole is sealed and blocked
  • the heat-conducting sleeve, the extending end of the heat-conducting rod is inserted into the heat-conducting sleeve.
  • the photovoltaic panels are arranged in parallel on the radially outer part of the vacuum tube body, at least two heat collecting tubes are arranged, and at least two photovoltaic panels are arranged. Each heat collecting tube is arranged parallel to each other at intervals.
  • the photovoltaic panels are all arranged in parallel on the radial outer part of the corresponding heat collecting tube, and the distance between each photovoltaic panel and the corresponding heat collecting tube is less than the distance between the heat collecting tube and the adjacent heat collecting tube.
  • the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this application can realize photovoltaic-photothermal switching, changing the efficient use of solar energy, combining photovoltaic power generation and photovoltaic heating, and selecting power generation or heating according to needs to achieve
  • the full use of solar energy is of innovative significance for the ecological development model of energy saving, pollution-free and sustainable development.
  • This application not only overcomes the shortcomings of low conversion efficiency of photovoltaic power generation alone, but also overcomes the shortcomings of low frequency of use of solar thermal heating alone and long idle shutdown period.
  • the combination of power generation and solar thermal heating realizes the power output during the non-photothermal heating period and the thermal energy output during the non-photovoltaic power generation period. Combining the two makes up for their respective shortcomings and obtains the maximum benefit of energy output. .
  • This application can realize the tracking and steering of the sunlight, realize dynamic adjustment, improve the energy output per unit heat collection area, and obtain the maximum light intensity.
  • the light receiving area can be fully utilized in occasions with limited available area, such as roofs or exterior walls of buildings. Get more thermal power output.
  • Photovoltaic panels are arranged on the radially outer side of the collector tubes. Only by selecting the width of the solar panels reasonably, the sunlight directed to the space between the collector tubes can be fully utilized to increase the sunlight receiving area during photovoltaic power generation.
  • the collector tube is fixed to the base frame, and the photovoltaic panel is connected to the collector tube in rotation.
  • the reflective surface of the reflector is a concave curved surface, which has the function of light gathering. It can reflect the sun's rays directed to the space between adjacent collector tubes to the collector tube as much as possible, which improves the utilization rate of solar energy, and the light is on the reflective surface. It has a higher temperature under the action of aggregation, which increases the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the heat-collecting tube, which is conducive to the absorption of external light heat by the water flow or the heat-absorbing coating in the tube.
  • the reflector can be rotated together with the photovoltaic panel.
  • the angle of the reflector can be adjusted according to the angle of sunlight, so as to fully reflect the sunlight at any time of the day to the collector tube, and further improve the utilization of solar energy.
  • the photovoltaic panel adopts the arc panel structure arranged around the collector tube, which increases the working area of the photovoltaic, and enables the collector tubes to be arranged more closely (small spacing), which is beneficial to reduce the size of the photovoltaic-photothermal device , Improve the overall light-receiving area of the device.
  • Both the photovoltaic panel and the reflector adopt the arc panel structure, and they are attached to each other and fixed together, which not only improves the light reflected by the reflector to the collector tube in the photothermal mode, but also increases the reflective area and photovoltaic working area at the same time , And make each heat collecting tube can be arranged more closely (small pitch), which is conducive to reducing the size of the photovoltaic-photothermal device and increasing the overall light-receiving area of the device, which is quite clever.
  • the vacuum tube body composed of the inner tube and the outer tube is not fixed to the drain box but can be rotated, and the photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected with the vacuum tube body.
  • the heat conduction rod is fixed, and only the vacuum tube body composed of the inner and outer tubes is rotated.
  • the photovoltaic panel rotates with the vacuum tube body to realize the switching of photovoltaic-photothermal mode, which not only solves the water leakage problem very cleverly, but also does not need to consume large torque to rotate the bulky heat conduction Rod.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic-photothermal device in the first embodiment of the present application in a photovoltaic state.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic-photothermal device in the first embodiment of the present application in a photothermal state.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the photovoltaic panel, the pivot frame, the heat collection tube and the synchronous gear in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the photovoltaic panel, the connecting frame, the first form of heat collecting tube and the synchronous gear in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the photovoltaic panel, the connecting frame, the second form of heat collecting tube and the synchronous gear in the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure distribution of the photovoltaic panel, the reflector and the heat collection tube in the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structural distribution of the photovoltaic panel, the reflector and the heat collection tube in the fourth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure distribution of the photovoltaic panel, the reflector and the heat collection tube in the fifth embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGs 1 to 5 show a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-photothermal device of the present application. Similar to some existing photothermal devices (such as solar water heaters), the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this embodiment also includes a base frame 1 on which a water tank 2 and six heat collecting tubes 3 are fixedly arranged.
  • the water tank 2 has a water inlet port 2a and a water outlet port 2b.
  • the aforementioned water inlet port 2a and the water outlet port 2b are respectively connected to the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, so as to pass flowing water into the water tank 2.
  • One end of each of the aforementioned heat collecting tubes 3 is inserted into the water tank (the matching part is sealed and does not leak).
  • the aforementioned heat collecting tubes 3 are arranged in the same plane at even intervals.
  • the base frame 1 is used as a support carrier of the entire photovoltaic-photothermal device, used to support the aforementioned water tank 2 and the heat collection tube 3 as well as the following various components, and define the aforementioned plane.
  • the aforementioned heat collecting tubes 3 can also be arranged at random intervals, and not necessarily in the same plane.
  • the key improvement of this embodiment is that the device is also equipped with six photovoltaic panels 4 with the same number of heat collection tubes.
  • the photovoltaic panels 4 are arranged on the radially outer part of each heat collection tube in a one-to-one correspondence, and each photovoltaic panel 4 can rotate around the corresponding heat collection tube. That is to say, the photovoltaic panels 4 are connected to the device in rotation rather than being fastened, and the rotation axis of each photovoltaic panel 4 on the base frame 1 is exactly the tube axis of the heat collection tube 2.
  • the so-called “radially outer part” means that the photovoltaic panel is located on the radial side of the heat collecting tube and not inside the heat collecting tube.
  • the photovoltaic unit of this embodiment has a total of six photovoltaic-photothermal units.
  • the rotation axis of the photovoltaic panel 4 on the base frame is exactly the tube axis of the heat collecting tube 3 in the unit.
  • the photovoltaic panel 4 has an inner panel surface facing the unit heat collection tube 3 (that is, the upper surface of the photovoltaic panel in FIG. 5) and an outer panel surface facing away from the unit heat collection tube 3 ( That is, the lower surface of the photovoltaic panel in FIG. 5), and the aforementioned outer panel surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 of this embodiment is a photovoltaic working surface for receiving solar light and generating electricity.
  • the photovoltaic panel 4 can rotate around the heat collecting tube 3 on the base frame 1, the relative position of the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collecting tube 3 can be adjusted by rotating the photovoltaic panel 4.
  • the photovoltaic panel 4 is rotated to the backlight side of the heat collection tube 3 (that is, the side facing away from the sunlight), and the heat collection tube generates heat in response to the light.
  • photovoltaic power generation is needed, the photovoltaic panel 4 is rotated to the light-incoming side of the collector tube 3 (that is, the side facing the sun). At this time, the photovoltaic working surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 is just facing the sunlight and is in working condition. Yingguang power generation.
  • the heat collection tube 3 is on the backlight side of the photovoltaic panel 4, and the sunlight is received and blocked by the photovoltaic panel 4 and will not be directed to the heat collection tube 3, and the heat collection tube 3 no longer absorbs The heat heats the water in the water tank 2.
  • the photothermal working mode and photovoltaic working mode of the device can be flexibly selected according to needs. For example, after obtaining sufficient heat energy in the photothermal working mode, it is transferred to the photovoltaic working mode to generate electricity, so as to make full use of solar thermal power generation, increase solar energy utilization efficiency, realize the integration of solar power generation and heat generation, and save space resources.
  • this embodiment arranges the photovoltaic panels 4 and the heat collection tubes 3 in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit in parallel.
  • each photovoltaic- The photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collecting tube 3 in the photothermal unit are arranged as close as possible.
  • the distance between the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collection tube 3 in each photovoltaic-photothermal unit should be less than the distance between the heat collection tube 3 in the unit and the heat collection tube in the adjacent unit.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 there are a total of six heat collecting tubes 3 and six photovoltaic panels 4, and the six heat collecting tubes are arranged in the same plane at equal intervals. Each adjacent two heat collecting tubes 3 form an interval space.
  • the collector tubes form a total of five compartments.
  • the rotation paths of five photovoltaic panels (the five photovoltaic panels on the left in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) respectively pass through the aforementioned five compartments.
  • There is also a photovoltaic panel 4 (the rightmost photovoltaic panel in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) that rotates through the space on the right of the rightmost heat collecting tube 3. In this way, it is ensured that each photovoltaic panel 4 can be selectively rotated to the backlight surface or the light-facing surface of the corresponding heat collecting tube 3.
  • the device of this embodiment is also equipped with a driving device connected with the photovoltaic panel to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate.
  • the above-mentioned driving device specifically includes: six synchronous gears 5, six bridge gears 6 and a miniature motor (not shown in the figure).
  • the six synchronizing gears 5 are respectively fixed to the six photovoltaic panels 5 (indirect fixation, which will be described in detail below).
  • the bridge gear 6 is in meshing connection with the synchronizing gear 5.
  • the motor can directly drive any one of the six synchronization gears 5 and the six bridge gears 6 to realize the linkage of all the synchronization gears 5 and all the bridge gears 6 so that each photovoltaic panel 4 is in any predetermined orientation.
  • the “synchronization” in the synchronization gear 5 refers to: under the drive of the aforementioned motor, the rotation angles and steps of the six gears are exactly the same, so that the rotation angles and the steps of the six photovoltaic panels 4 are exactly the same.
  • the above-mentioned motor is fixedly installed on the base frame 1.
  • this embodiment is also equipped with a controller connected to the above-mentioned driving device circuit, so as to accurately control the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 4 with the aid of the controller.
  • the aforementioned controller is specifically a motor controller connected to the aforementioned motor circuit, and the motor controller indirectly adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel by controlling the rotation angle of the motor.
  • each photovoltaic panel 4 in this embodiment is rotatably connected to the base frame 1.
  • the following further introduces the rotational connection of these photovoltaic panels 4 and the base frame 1:
  • Each photovoltaic panel 4 is fixed with a pivot frame 7, and the pivot frame 7 is pivotally sleeved on the heat collection tube 3.
  • the pivot frame 7 fixed to the photovoltaic panel 4 is rotatably sleeved on the heat collection tube 3, and the heat collection tube 3 is fixed to the base frame 1, so the rotation connection between the photovoltaic panel 4 and the base frame 1 is indirectly realized.
  • a support bearing can be arranged between the pivot frame 7 and the heat collection tube 3 to reduce friction.
  • the above-mentioned synchronous gear 5 is directly fixed on the aforementioned pivot frame 7 instead of the photovoltaic panel 4, and because the pivot frame 7 is fixed to the photovoltaic panel 4, the synchronous gear 5 and the photovoltaic panel 4 are indirectly fixed.
  • the synchronous gear 5 drives the pivot frame 7 to rotate, and the pivot frame 7 drives the photovoltaic panel 4 to rotate relative to the base frame 1 and the heat collection tube 3.
  • the aforementioned six synchronizing gears 5 are arranged coaxially with the six heat collecting tubes 3, respectively.
  • the outer panel surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 facing away from the heat collecting tube 3 is a photovoltaic working surface capable of receiving solar light to generate electricity.
  • the collector tube 3 will not completely block the photovoltaic panel 4, and there will still be a part of the sunlight from the side of the collector tube to the inner surface of the photovoltaic panel 4.
  • the inner surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 as a photovoltaic working surface, that is, both the inner and outer surfaces of the photovoltaic panel 4 can be a photovoltaic working surface.
  • each photovoltaic panel 3 and each reflector 8 In order to maximize the light-receiving area of the photovoltaic panel 4 and the reflector 8, it is best to make the width (linear width) of each photovoltaic panel 3 and each reflector 8 close to the same as the two adjacent collector tubes (tubes). Axis).
  • the six photovoltaic panels 4 can be rotated into the same plane and closely connected in sequence to fully receive all sunlight directed to the device, as shown in Figure 1; in the photothermal mode, At noon, the six reflectors on the six photovoltaic panels 4 rotate into another same plane and are in close contact with each other to fully reflect all sunlight in the gap between the collector tubes, as shown in Figure 2.
  • FIGS 6 and 7 show a second preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this application.
  • the structure of the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, with the only difference being: the collector tube 3
  • the rotation connection (not the fastening connection in the first embodiment) is on the base frame 1, and the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collection tube 3 in the same photovoltaic-photothermal unit are fixedly connected to each other through the connection frame 9.
  • the photovoltaic panel 4 rotates on the base frame 1
  • the heat collection tube 3 fixed to the photovoltaic panel 4 also rotates.
  • the photovoltaic panel 4 fixed to the heat collection tube 3 also rotates with the heat collection tube 3 as well.
  • the rotating connection structure of the heat collection tube 3 and the base frame 1 is specifically as follows: a front insertion hole of the heat collection tube is opened on the cavity wall of the water tank 2, a rear insertion hole of the heat collection tube is provided on the base frame 1, and two of the heat collection tube 3 The ends are respectively pivotally inserted into the front insertion hole of the heat collection tube and the rear insertion hole of the heat collection tube. Because the water tank 2 is fixed to the base frame 1, the relative position of the heat collection tube front insertion hole on the cavity wall of the water tank 2 and the base frame 1 is fixed, so the heat collection tube 3 inserted in the front insertion hole of the heat collection tube is pivoted. In other words, it can rotate (rotate) around the tube axis of the heat collection tube relative to the base frame 1.
  • the collector tube 3 and the photovoltaic panel 4 in the same photovoltaic-photothermal unit are fixed to each other and can rotate around the same axis of rotation (the tube axis of the collector tube) on the base frame 1, only the collector tube 3 and the photovoltaic panel 4 need to be adjusted With a rotation angle of, the photovoltaic panel 4 can also be selectively located on the back light side or the light-facing side of the heat collecting tube 3.
  • this embodiment is equipped with a driving device which is connected to the heat collection tube 3 in transmission to drive the heat collection tube 3 to rotate.
  • the driving device also includes a plurality of synchronous gears 5, a plurality of bridge gears and a miniature motor.
  • a plurality of synchronous gears 5 are coaxially fixed and sleeved on each heat collecting tube 3 respectively.
  • the bridge gear is in meshing connection with the synchronization gear 5.
  • the motor can directly drive any one of the multiple synchronous gears 5 and multiple bridge gears, so as to realize the linkage of all the synchronous gears 5 and all the bridge gears, so that the heat collection tubes 3 and the photovoltaic panels 4 are in any predetermined position.
  • the orientation is the orientation.
  • the heat collection tube 3 is fixed to the base frame 1, and the photovoltaic panel 4 is connected to the heat collection tube 3 in rotation.
  • the heat collection tube 3 is rotatably connected with the base frame 1, and the photovoltaic panel 4 is fixed to the heat collection tube 3.
  • the collector tube 3 can generally be divided into two structural forms: water-passing and non-water-passing. Regardless of whether it is a water-passing collector tube or a non-water-passing collector tube, the end needs to be inserted into the water tank 2 to prevent water from being inserted and matched. Outflow and outflow must be strictly sealed. If the fixed heat-collecting tube structure of the first embodiment is adopted, the seal of the plug-in place between the heat-collecting tube and the water tank is static sealing, and there is generally no water leakage. However, if the rotary heat collecting tube structure of the second embodiment is adopted, the following problems will exist:
  • connection between the heat collecting tube and the water tank is a dynamic seal. If the heat collecting tube is rotated frequently, the dynamic seal is easily damaged, causing water leakage.
  • FIG. 7 For the heat collection tube without water, its structure is shown in Figure 7. It includes an inner tube 301 and an outer tube 302 fixed coaxially, and the hollow interlayer between the inner and outer tubes is vacuum.
  • the outer wall of the inner tube is coated with a heat-absorbing coating, and a heat-conducting rod 303 made of metal material and an aluminum foil (not shown in the figure) fixedly connected to the heat-conducting rod are arranged in the inner tube.
  • the aluminum foil is arranged close to the inner wall of the inner tube, and one end of the heat-conducting rod (called the extension end of the heat-conducting rod) extends out of the inner tube to transfer heat to the water in the water tank.
  • the aforementioned “sealed insertion” is to guide the extension end of the hot rod to be inserted into the water tank, and there is no water leakage at the connection between the two.
  • these two structural forms can be used to achieve “sealed insertion”: 1) Insert into the water tank 2
  • the extension end of the inner heat conduction rod directly contacts the water in the water tank, and a sealing ring is used to maintain the seal of the extension end of the heat conduction rod and the insertion point of the water tank 2 to prevent water leakage.
  • the heat conduction sleeve 10 fixed in the water tank is indirectly contacted with the water in the water tank for heat conduction-the wall of the water tank is provided with a through hole coaxially arranged with the front insertion hole of the heat conduction rod at the water tank ,
  • the open end of the heat conducting sleeve 10 is coaxially fixed with the through hole, the extended end of the heat conducting rod is inserted into the heat conducting sleeve, and the heat conducting sleeve seals and blocks the aforementioned through hole and directly contacts the water in the water tank.
  • the heat conducting rod 303 in FIG. 7 is a heat pipe in which a phase change material is encapsulated.
  • the heat conducting rod and the water tank 2 we can use the heat conducting rod and the water tank 2 to be sealed and fixed, the vacuum tube body rotates, and the photovoltaic panel and the vacuum tube body are fixedly connected with the vacuum tube to rotate. While the photovoltaic-photothermal switching works, it also prevents water leakage.
  • the front insertion holes (coaxial with the above-mentioned through holes) and the rear insertion holes of the heat collection tube are respectively provided on the tank wall of the water tank 2 and the base frame 1.
  • the switch is arranged in the front insertion hole of the heat collection tube and the rear insertion hole of the heat collection tube to realize the pivotal connection between the vacuum tube body and the base frame 1.
  • Figure 8 shows a third preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-photothermal device of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this embodiment is also basically the same in structure as the first embodiment, with the only difference:
  • a reflective plate 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the photovoltaic panel 4 facing the heat collecting tube 3, and the reflective plate 8 has a reflective surface facing the heat collecting tube 3.
  • both the photovoltaic panel 4 and the reflector 8 fixed on the photovoltaic panel are turned to the backlight side of the collector tube 3.
  • the reflective surface of the reflector 8 faces the sunlight,
  • the sun's rays incident from the side of the heat pipe 3 will be directed to the reflective surface of the reflector 8, and after being reflected by the reflective surface, it will be directed to the corresponding collector tube 3, thereby increasing the light receiving area of the collector tube 3 and enhancing the heat collection effect.
  • the photovoltaic working surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 is completely exposed to the environment and is easily polluted by dust in the air, and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 4 will be significantly reduced for a long time; while the reflective surface of the reflector 8 has a certain degree of Concealment, not easy to be polluted, long-lasting reflection efficiency.
  • the reflective surface of the reflector is exposed to the environment and easily receives dust in the air, and its reflective efficiency will be significantly reduced for a long time; while the photovoltaic working surface of the photovoltaic panel 4 has a certain Its concealment is not easy to be polluted, and its photovoltaic conversion efficiency will not drop for a long time.
  • the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this embodiment when the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this embodiment is in practical application, its photovoltaic and photothermal modes are often switched, and the photovoltaic panel and the reflector are exposed to light in turns, so the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel and the reflective efficiency of the reflector are reduced. Both will slow down, and there is no need for users to frequently clean the photovoltaic working surface and reflective surface, and the maintenance frequency is low.
  • the reflective surface of the reflective plate is a concave arc surface.
  • FIG. 9 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-photothermal device of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this embodiment has basically the same structure as that of the third embodiment, with the only difference being: the reflector 8 and the photovoltaic device.
  • the plates 4 are all arc panels arranged around the heat collecting tube 3.
  • Both the reflector 8 and the photovoltaic panel 4 are arc panels and they are arranged closely adjacent to each other.
  • the advantage of such a design is that the linear width of the reflector 8 and the photovoltaic panel 4 in the radial direction of the collector tube 3 is reduced, so that the collector tubes 3 can be arranged more closely (small spacing), which is beneficial to reduce the photovoltaic -The size of the photothermal device.
  • FIG. 10 shows a fifth preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic-photothermal device of the present application.
  • the photovoltaic-photothermal device of this embodiment is basically the same in structure as that of the first embodiment, with the only difference that: the photovoltaic panel 4 is Arc panel arranged around the heat collecting tube 3.
  • the advantage of such a design is that the heat collecting tubes 3 can be arranged more closely (small pitch), which is beneficial to reduce the size of the photovoltaic-photothermal device and increase the overall light-receiving area of the device.
  • the photovoltaic panel 4 of the arc panel structure and the heat collection tube 3 are arranged coaxially at a small distance, and the photovoltaic panel 4 and the heat collection tube 3 can even be completely attached to each other.
  • the panel on the side facing away from the heat collecting tube 3 (the convex arc surface) is all photovoltaic working faces, and the area of the photovoltaic working face is equal to the photovoltaic panel facing away from the heat collecting tube.
  • the surface area of the side board is the area of the side board.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil photothermique- photovoltaïque, comprenant : un cadre de base, des tubes de collecte de chaleur reliés de manière fixe au cadre de base et des panneaux photovoltaïques qui sont agencés au niveau de parties latérales externes radiales des tubes de collecte de chaleur et qui peuvent tourner autour des tubes de collecte de chaleur, les panneaux photovoltaïques étant pourvus de surfaces de travail photovoltaïques orientés à l'opposé des tubes de collecte de chaleur. L'appareil combine la génération d'énergie photovoltaïque et la production de chaleur photothermique et des modes de travail photovoltaïques ou photothermiques peuvent être sélectionnés en fonction des exigences, ce qui permet d'augmenter l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire.
PCT/CN2021/087364 2020-04-22 2021-04-15 Appareil photothermique- photovoltaïque WO2021213238A1 (fr)

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