WO2021212431A1

WO2021212431A1 - Flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated apparatus, and measurement method

Info

Publication number: WO2021212431A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/086481
Authority: WO
Inventors: 罗烽; 杨瑞祥; 肖彦; 王蓓; 马将
Original assignee: 深圳大学
Priority date: 2020-04-23
Filing date: 2020-04-23
Publication date: 2021-10-28

Abstract

A flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated apparatus, comprising a housing (11), a force measurement member (12), a forming mold (21), a pressing plate (22), and a force application mechanism (23). The force measurement member (12) is located in an accommodation cavity (111) of the housing (11); the forming mold (21) abuts against the force measurement member (12) by means of a mold placement hole (112) on the housing (11); the lower end of the force application mechanism (23) downwardly applies a pressing force to push a flexible medium (24) located in a stock bin (221); the flexible medium (24) presses a metal blank (30) to enter a mold cavity (211) for forming, and the forming mold (21) transfers a forming force received by the metal blank (30) to the force measurement member (12); and the force measurement member (12) transmits real-time data of the forming force to a computer.

Description

Flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measuring integrated device and measuring method

Technical field

This application relates to the field of micro-forming technology, and in particular to an integrated device and measurement method for metal micro-forming and forming force measurement of flexible punches.

Background technique

The manufacture of micro-parts is an important direction for the development of today's manufacturing industry, and it is also the basis for miniaturization and miniaturization of products. Micro-forming is an important branch of micro-part manufacturing. Micro-forming refers to the use of pressure to force metal blanks (including sheet materials and bulk materials) to deform to produce a metal processing process in which micro-parts or micro-structures with characteristic dimensions less than 1 mm in two dimensions.

There are many methods for micro-forming of metal blanks, including: traditional mechanical stamping, laser shock forming, electromagnetic shock forming, viscous media forming, hydroforming, high-pressure gas forming, high-pressure water jet forming, and so on.

In the micro-forming process, the size of the forming force on the blank and the change of the forming force during the forming process are important factors that affect the quality of the micro-parts. In the micro-forming method using viscous medium as a flexible punch, especially in the micro-forming method in which the plastic powder is melted by ultrasonic vibration to form a viscous medium in a short time, the pressure provided by the ultrasonic head cannot be completely transmitted to the blank, and at the same time, Ultrasonic vibration also generates an additional pressure, so it is impossible to install a force measurement component on the punch like the traditional mechanical stamping method and obtain the forming force by directly measuring the punch pressure. In addition, due to the extremely small size of the mold and the part in the micro-forming, the method of measuring the pressure of the viscous medium used in the viscous medium forming of the large-size part cannot be applied to the micro-forming, especially the micro-forming of the viscous medium with the application of ultrasound. middle. The accurate measurement of the forming force and the study of its changing laws are an important part of the research on the micro-forming of metal blanks, and it is also the basis for improving the process and improving the quality of the parts.

Summary of the invention

technical problem

The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an integrated device for metal micro-forming and forming force measurement of a flexible punch, which aims to solve the problem of how to accurately measure the forming force of a metal blank.

The solution to the problem

Technical solutions

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application are:

The first aspect provides a flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device, which is used to form a metal blank into a metal micro-part and measure the forming force of the metal blank during the forming process. The flexible punch metal The integrated device for micro-forming and forming force measurement includes: a housing, a force measuring component, a forming die, a pressing plate, and a force applying mechanism; A mold placement hole communicating with the accommodating cavity and provided for the forming mold is opened; one end of the forming mold extends to the accommodating cavity and abuts against the force measuring component, and the other end of the forming mold is opened There is a mold cavity with an open cavity structure, the metal blank is placed on the forming mold and covers the cavity of the mold cavity; the pressing plate is used to press the metal blank toward the shell, and The pressure plate is provided with a silo at a position corresponding to the mold cavity, the silo penetrates the metal blank and contains a flexible medium, and the lower end of the force applying mechanism applies downward pressure to the flexible medium and pushes it The flexible medium is formed by pressing the metal blank into the mold cavity by the flexible medium.

In an embodiment, the flexible medium is a plastic powder medium; the force applying mechanism includes an ultrasonic head and a driving system that drives the ultrasonic head to move up and down and high-frequency vibration. The lower end of the ultrasonic head is located in the silo, so The driving system pushes the ultrasonic head toward the flexible medium and drives the ultrasonic head to vibrate at a high frequency to melt the flexible medium into a viscous fluid.

In one embodiment, the flexible medium is a viscous medium.

In an embodiment, the inner diameter of the silo is larger than the outer diameter of the end of the ultrasonic head located in the silo.

In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the silo is larger than the inner diameter of the mold placement hole.

In one embodiment, the plane determined by the opening of the mold placement hole is coplanar with the plane determined by the cavity of the mold cavity.

In one embodiment, there is a gap between the hole wall of the mold placement hole and the side surface of the forming mold.

In one embodiment, the flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device further includes a pressure plate bolt, the shell is provided with a threaded hole facing the surface of the pressure plate, and the pressure plate corresponds to the threaded hole The position is provided with a through hole, and one end of the pressure plate bolt passes through the through hole and is screw-locked to the threaded hole.

In one embodiment, the force measuring component includes a pressure sensor, a force transmitting rod, and a force measuring head. Two ends of the force transmitting rod are respectively connected to the pressure sensor and the force measuring head, and the forming mold abuts The top surface of the force measuring head.

In an embodiment, the top surface of the force measuring head is arranged in a vertical direction in a non-contact manner with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.

In the second aspect, this application also provides a measurement method, which includes the following steps:

S1: Prepare a shell, a force measuring component, a forming mold, a pressing plate, and a force applying mechanism, set the shell at a predetermined position, and open an accommodating cavity on the shell, and place the force measuring component in the place In the accommodating cavity, the housing is also provided with a mold placement hole communicating with the accommodating cavity;

S2: Set the forming mold in the mold placement hole and one end of the forming mold abuts the force measuring component, the other end of the forming mold is provided with a cavity, and the metal blank is placed in the On the forming mold and cover the cavity of the mold cavity;

S3: The pressing plate is pressed against the metal blank toward the forming die, and the pressing plate is provided with a silo at a position corresponding to the mold cavity, and the silo penetrates through both sides of the pressing plate and contains flexible medium;

S4: Extend one end of the force applying mechanism into the silo and push the flexible medium downward, so that the flexible medium drives the metal blank to fill the mold cavity.

The beneficial effects of the invention

Beneficial effect

The beneficial effect of the flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device provided by the embodiments of the present application is that by directly setting the forming die on the force measuring component, the forming force acting on the metal blank is transferred to the forming die through the forming die. On the force-measuring part, the forming force of the metal blank can be accurately measured.

Brief description of the drawings

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only of the present application. For some embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device provided by an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the position A of the integrated device for metal micro-forming and forming force measurement of the flexible punch of Fig. 1.

Invention embodiment

Embodiments of the present invention

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer and clearer, the following further describes the application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present application.

It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "installed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly on the other component. When a component is said to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for ease of description, and do not indicate or imply the device referred to. Or the element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to specific conditions. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for ease of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In order to illustrate the technical solutions provided by the present application, detailed descriptions are given below in conjunction with specific drawings and embodiments.

1 and 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device, which is used to shape the metal blank 30 and measure the forming of the metal blank 30 in the micro-forming process force. Optionally, the metal blank 30 may be a sheet material or a block material. Optionally, the metal blank 30 is made of red copper. In other embodiments, the metal blank 30 may also be stainless steel, aluminum, or other materials. The integrated device for metal micro-forming and forming force measurement of the flexible punch includes: a housing 11, a force measuring component 12, a forming die 21, a pressing plate 22, and a force applying mechanism 23. The housing 11 is provided with an accommodating cavity 111 for the force measuring component 12 to be set. Optionally, the housing 11 is covered on the force measuring component 12 through the accommodating cavity 111, and the upwardly arranged surface of the housing 11 is also provided with a mold placement hole 112 communicating with the accommodating cavity 111 and for the forming mold 21 to be set. Optionally, the depth direction of the mold placement hole 112 is arranged along the vertical direction. In this embodiment, the forming mold 21 is cylindrical, the lower end of the forming mold 21 extends to the accommodating cavity 111 and abuts against the force measuring component 12, and the upper end of the forming mold 21 is provided with a cavity 211 having an open cavity structure. Optionally, the shape of the cavity 211 is determined by the shape of the metal part to be processed. The metal blank 30 is laid flat and covers the cavity of the mold cavity 211. The pressing plate 22 is used to press the metal blank 30 toward the housing 11 so that the edge of the metal blank 30 remains stable during the forming process. The pressure plate 22 is provided with a silo 221 at a position corresponding to the mold cavity 211. The silo 221 penetrates to the metal blank 30 and contains the flexible medium 24. One end of the force applying mechanism 23 extends into the silo 221 and pushes the flexible medium 24 downward to The flexible medium 24 drives the metal blank 30 to fill the mold cavity 211, so that the metal blank 30 is micro-shaped into a metal part. Optionally, the forming force acting on the flexible medium 24 is transmitted to the force measuring component 12 via the forming die 21. The flexible medium 24 is made of a flexible material, and its shape can be changed arbitrarily, so that it can be adapted to mold cavities 211 of different shapes.

In this embodiment, by directly setting the forming die 21 on the force measuring component 12, the forming force acting on the metal blank 30 is directly transmitted to the force measuring component 12 through the forming die 21, so as to prevent the force measuring component 12 from being affected by other external forces. Therefore, the forming force measured by the force measuring component 12 is the same as the forming force acting on the metal blank 30, and finally the forming force on the metal blank 30 can be accurately measured.

Optionally, the forming die 21 transmits the received forming force to the force measuring component 12, and the force measuring component 12 transmits real-time data of the forming force to the computer.

In one embodiment, the flexible medium 24 is a fluid-like viscous medium. Specifically, the flexible medium 24 in this embodiment may be in a fluid state at room temperature. Optionally, the viscous medium is methyl silicone oil. The force applying mechanism 23 transmits the forming force to the metal blank 30 through the viscous medium, so that the metal blank 30 is deformed or punched into shape.

In one embodiment, the flexible medium 24 is a powder medium. Optionally, the powder medium is a polymer powder medium, such as polyvinyl chloride powder, polyurethane powder, and the like. The force applying mechanism 23 includes an ultrasonic head 231 with a lower end located in the bin 221 and a driving system that drives the ultrasonic head 231 to vibrate at high frequency. The driving system drives the ultrasonic head 231 to push the flexible medium 24. The ultrasonic head 231 instantly melts the flexible medium 24 into a viscous fluid under high-frequency vibration. The fluid-like flexible medium 24 can drive the metal blank 30 to fully fill the cavity 211, and when the flexible medium 24 is in a molten state, the metal blank 30 is exposed to The forming force can be measured by the force measuring component 12. Optionally, the time of ultrasonic action is 0.5 s, so that the metal blank 30 can be formed into a micro-part in a short time, and after the ultrasonic stops, the molten plastic will solidify by itself.

Optionally, when the ultrasonic head 231 vibrates at a high frequency, the plastic powder will melt into a viscous medium in a short time, thereby forming a composite forming method that comprehensively utilizes ultrasonic and viscous medium, so that the metal blank 30 can be better Fill the cavity 211. The composite forming method formed by the combination of ultrasound and plastic powder also has many unique advantages. For example, ultrasonic vibration can be transmitted to the metal blank 30 through the molten plastic, thereby reducing the material yield stress of the metal blank 30 and reducing the friction between the metal blank 30 and the forming mold 21. The molten plastic can also make the forming force distribution better. Uniformity, so that the thickness distribution of the formed part is more uniform and the forming limit of the formed part is improved. This application can produce micro-drawn parts with a smaller size, which is of great significance to the development of micro-forming technology.

In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the lower end of the ultrasonic head 231 located in the silo 221 is smaller than the inner diameter of the silo 221. Specifically, there is a tiny gap between the ultrasonic head 231 and the inner wall of the silo 221 to avoid friction and collision with the inner wall of the silo 221 when the ultrasonic head 231 vibrates at high frequencies, thereby avoiding damage to the ultrasonic head 231 and the driving system, and The failure of the entire force applying mechanism 23 is avoided.

1 and 2, optionally, when the ultrasonic head 231 melts the flexible medium into a viscous medium and applies pressure, a small amount of viscous medium will overflow from the tiny gap between the ultrasonic head 231 and the silo 221. Therefore, the pressure of the ultrasonic head 231 is slightly lost and cannot be completely transmitted to the metal blank 30. As a result, the forming force obtained by the metal blank 30 cannot be obtained by directly measuring the output force of the ultrasonic head 231. In this embodiment, the forming die 21 is a rigid body, which can completely transfer the pressure (forming force) received by the metal blank 30 to the force measuring component 12. Therefore, the forming force measured by the force measuring component 12 is a true reflection of the forming force received by the metal blank 30.

In one embodiment, the inner diameter of the bin 221 is larger than the diameter of the mold installation hole 112. Specifically, during the micro-forming process, the micro-formed product is generally smaller than 1 mm, and the ultrasonic head 231 should not be too thin, otherwise the ultrasonic head 231 is easy to break, and it is not conducive to operation control. Therefore, the diameter of the ultrasonic head 231 is generally larger than the inner diameter of the cavity 211, and optionally, the diameter of the ultrasonic head 231 is 5 mm or 10 mm. The size of the silo 221 is determined according to the size of the ultrasonic head 231, and the inner diameter of the silo 221 is generally larger than the diameter of the mold placement hole 112. In this way, the flexible medium 24 can also completely cover the opening of the mold cavity 211 during the micro-forming process, so that the metal blank 30 can fully fill the mold cavity 211.

In one embodiment, the plane defined by the opening of the mold placement hole 112 and the plane defined by the opening of the mold cavity 211 are coplanar. As a result, the pressing plate 22 can flatten and compress the metal blank 30, which is beneficial to the stability of the metal blank 30 during the micro-forming process and the improvement of the measurement accuracy of the force measuring component 12.

In one embodiment, the distance between any point on the inner wall of the mold placement hole 112 and any point on the side surface of the forming mold 21 is greater than zero. That is, a predetermined minute gap is maintained between the side wall of the forming mold 21 and the hole wall of the mold placement hole 112, and preferably, the distance of the gap is 0.1 mm, so that during the micro forming process of the metal blank 30, the forming mold 21 and There is no friction between the shells 11, and the measurement accuracy of the force measuring component 12 is improved.

In one embodiment, the integrated device for metal micro-forming and forming force measurement of the flexible punch further includes a pressure plate bolt 16, the housing 11 is provided with a threaded hole facing the surface of the pressure plate 22, and the pressure plate 22 is provided with a through hole at a position corresponding to the threaded hole, One end of the pressure plate bolt 16 passes through the through hole and is screwed to the threaded hole. Optionally, a plurality of pressure plate bolts 16 are arranged at intervals, and each pressure plate bolt 16 is arranged around the circumference of the bin 221 in an equal arc. The plurality of pressure plate bolts 16 can improve the stability of the connection between the pressure plate 22 and the housing 11. Optionally, the tightening force of the pressing plate bolt 16 needs to be appropriate so that it can press the metal blank 30 so that the metal blank 30 does not slide, and it can keep the pressing 22 plate flat without warping.

1 and 2, in one embodiment, the integrated device for measuring the metal micro-forming and forming force of the flexible punch further includes a gasket. The thickness of the blank 30 is set. Optionally, a rigid body gasket may be provided, so that the pressing plate 22 can better compress the metal blank 30, so that the metal blank 30 remains stable during the micro-forming process.

In one embodiment, there are a plurality of gaskets, and each gasket is arranged in an equal arc around the circumference of the mold placement hole 112.

In one embodiment, the force measuring component 12 includes a pressure sensor 123, a force transmitting rod 122, and a force measuring head 121. The two ends of the force transmitting rod 122 are respectively connected to the pressure sensor 123 and the force measuring head 121, and the forming die 21 abuts against the force measuring head 121. The top surface of the head 121.

In one embodiment, the integrated device for metal micro-forming and forming force measurement of the flexible punch includes a bottom plate 13 for supporting the housing 11, and the bottom plate 13 is laid flat on the workbench.

In an embodiment, the distance between any point on the top surface of the force measuring head 121 and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 111 in the vertical direction is L. Optionally, 0.9mm<L<1.1mm. There is a gap between the top surface of the force measuring head and the cavity bottom of the accommodating cavity 111. During the micro-forming process, the housing 11 will deform slightly downwards. The gap can prevent the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 111 from contacting the measuring force. The top surface of the head, while affecting the measurement of forming force.

This embodiment also provides a measurement method, which is used to measure the forming force of the metal blank 30 in the micro-forming process, and the measurement method includes the following steps:

S1: Prepare the housing 11, the force measuring component 12, the forming mold 21, the pressing plate 22, and the force applying mechanism 23, and the housing 11 with the accommodating cavity 111 is set on the table of the workbench, and the force measuring component 12 is placed in the container. In the cavity 111, that is, the force measuring component 12 can measure the force acting on the force measuring component 12. The housing 11 is also provided with a mold installation hole 112 communicating with the accommodating cavity 111. The accommodating cavity 111 has an open cavity structure, the housing 11 covers the force measuring component 12 through the opening of the accommodating cavity 111, and the cavity bottom of the accommodating cavity 111 is located above the force measuring component 12.

S2: Abut the lower end of the forming mold 21 against the force measuring component 12, and the upper end of the forming mold 21 is located in the mold placement hole 112, and a cavity 211 is opened on the end face of the other end of the forming mold 21, and the metal blank 30 is laid flat and covered The opening of the cavity 211;

S3: Connect the pressing plate 22 to the housing 11 again, and make the pressing plate 22 press the metal blank 30 toward the housing 11, and the pressing plate 22 is used to press the metal blank 30 toward the housing 11. The pressing plate 22 has a plate shape, and the metal blank 30 is pressed between the housing 11 and the pressing plate 22. The pressure plate 22 is provided with a silo 221 corresponding to the position of the mold cavity 211. The silo 221 penetrates to the metal blank 30 and contains the flexible medium 24. One end of the force applying mechanism 23 is extended into the silo 221 and pushes the flexible medium 24 downward. The flexible medium 24 drives the metal blank 30 to move into the cavity 211 and fills the cavity 211 together, while the forming force is transferred from the forming die 21 to the force measuring component 12.

The above are only optional embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

Flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device, used for forming metal blanks into metal micro-parts and measuring the forming force of the metal blanks in the forming process, characterized in that the flexible punch metal micro-forming The integrated device for measuring and forming force includes: a housing, a force measuring component, a forming die, a pressing plate, and a force applying mechanism; A mold installation hole communicating with the accommodating cavity and provided for the forming mold; one end of the forming mold extends to the accommodating cavity and abuts against the force measuring component, and the other end of the forming mold is provided with a The cavity of the cavity structure is opened, the metal blank is placed on the forming mold and covers the cavity of the cavity; the pressing plate is used to press the metal blank toward the shell, and the pressing plate A silo is opened corresponding to the position of the mold cavity, the silo penetrates the metal blank and contains a flexible medium, and the lower end of the force applying mechanism applies downward pressure to the flexible medium and pushes the A flexible medium, so that the flexible medium presses the metal blank into the mold cavity to form.
The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flexible medium is a plastic powder medium; the force applying mechanism includes an ultrasonic head and driving the ultrasonic head to move up and down. High-frequency vibration driving system, the lower end of the ultrasonic head is located in the silo, the driving system pushes the ultrasonic head toward the flexible medium and drives the ultrasonic head to vibrate at high frequency to melt the flexible medium As a viscous fluid.
8. The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible medium is a viscous medium.
The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 2, wherein the inner diameter of the silo is larger than the outer diameter of the end of the ultrasonic head located in the silo.
4. The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the silo is larger than the inner diameter of the mold placement hole.
The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the plane determined by the opening of the mold placement hole is the same as the plane determined by the cavity of the mold cavity. Face settings.
The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 1, wherein there is a gap between the hole wall of the mold placement hole and the side surface of the forming mold.
The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device further comprises a pressure plate bolt, and the housing faces A threaded hole is formed on the surface of the pressing plate, a through hole is formed on the pressing plate corresponding to the threaded hole, and one end of the pressing plate bolt passes through the through hole and is screw-locked to the threaded hole.
The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the force measuring component includes a pressure sensor, a force transmitting rod, and a force measuring head, and both ends of the force transmitting rod The pressure sensor and the force measuring head are respectively connected, and the forming mold abuts against the top surface of the force measuring head.
The flexible punch metal micro-forming and forming force measurement integrated device according to claim 9, wherein the top surface of the force measuring head is arranged in a non-contact vertical direction with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity .
A measuring method for measuring the forming force of a metal blank in the forming process, characterized in that the measuring method includes the following steps:

S1: Prepare a shell, a force measuring component, a forming mold, a pressing plate, and a force applying mechanism, set the shell at a predetermined position, and open an accommodating cavity on the shell, and place the force measuring component in the place In the accommodating cavity, the housing is also provided with a mold placement hole communicating with the accommodating cavity;

S2: Set the forming mold in the mold placement hole and one end of the forming mold abuts the force measuring component, the other end of the forming mold is provided with a cavity, and the metal blank is placed in the On the forming mold and cover the cavity of the mold cavity;

S3: The pressing plate is pressed against the metal blank toward the forming die, and the pressing plate is provided with a silo at a position corresponding to the mold cavity, and the silo penetrates through both sides of the pressing plate and contains flexible medium;

S4: Extend one end of the force applying mechanism into the silo and push the flexible medium downward, so that the flexible medium drives the metal blank to fill the mold cavity.