WO2021211029A1 - A lid arrangement and a method for temporary use of a lid arrangement for renewal of an asphalt top layer - Google Patents
A lid arrangement and a method for temporary use of a lid arrangement for renewal of an asphalt top layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021211029A1 WO2021211029A1 PCT/SE2021/050220 SE2021050220W WO2021211029A1 WO 2021211029 A1 WO2021211029 A1 WO 2021211029A1 SE 2021050220 W SE2021050220 W SE 2021050220W WO 2021211029 A1 WO2021211029 A1 WO 2021211029A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lid
- bottom plate
- hole
- lid arrangement
- inspection well
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
- E02D29/1427—Locking devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
- E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C11/00—Details of pavings
- E01C11/005—Methods or materials for repairing pavings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lid arrangement, preferably for temporary use in connection with renewal of an asphalt top layer, wherein said lid arrangement is arranged to cover a hole of an inspection well, said lid arrangement comprising a lid and securing means, arranged to securely position said lid on top of the hole of the inspection well.
- the handling itself is expensive and physically demanding with today's method.
- the lid of the inspection wells must first be lowered, with intent to eliminate the risk of the milling cutter hitting the inspection well’s lid and thereby being destroyed, or at least damage one or more teeth of the milling cutter.
- this immersion of the lid does not occur well enough and the cutter is frequently damaged or destroyed.
- a lid for an inspection well is heavy, normally about 70 kg, and cannot easily be lifted by machines, which is why the work is usually done mostly manually. It is thus a difficult and complicated procedure to make height adjustments of the lid at an inspection well.
- the lid consists of a flat lid part with a downwardly projecting cylindrical centring part.
- the well lid In the work of lowering the well lid, the well lid must first be detached from existing road pavement and then a removal of asphalt around the well is carried out so that the lid can be lowered to a desired level, normally about 60 mm below the existing asphalt surface, e.g. a top surface of the existing asphalt surface at which vehicles, pedestrians, bikes and more, travel.
- adjusting the height of an inspection well is a complex and cumbersome procedure
- CN110616744 and CN110562893 there are known exemplary installation methods for a well lid which indicate the need of improvements in the field.
- CN209493974 and CN 110924444 there are known methods for use of a temporary lid arrangement that is unsatisfactory due to that during use thereof traffic must be routed to avoid driving on the inspection well.
- one object of the invention is to provide a solution, based on use of a temporary well lid arranged during the time of asphalt coating, which overcomes, or at least mitigates one or more of the disadvantages or problem mentioned above.
- This object is achieved with a temporary well lid arrangement according to claim 1.
- the preferred method is based on reuse of the existing lid and that the existing inspection well lid is first lifted and moved aside.
- a user-friendly design is provided which may also provide one or more of the following advantages, e.g.; ease of use, time savings, cost savings, elimination of risk of damaging an asphalt milling cutter, - less heavy lifting, and easy manual lifting without need of motorized lifting devices/equipment.
- said bottom plate is arranged with a, preferably centrally positioned, hole and a lower attachment nut arranged at or in said hole, which provides the advantage that the lid and the bottom plate may easily be connected to each other
- said connecting member comprises, such as is in the form of, a rod, having threads along at least a lower end portion thereof, which provides a further advantage regarding connecting the lid and the bottom plate to each other, - said lower attachment nut is slidably arranged within said hole and that guiding devices are arranged hindering said lower attachment nut from rotating within said hole, which provides the advantage that the lid and the bottom plate may flex in relation to each other, the diameter D1 of said lid is at least 10% larger than D2, more preferred at least 20% larger than D2, which provides the advantage that the same deign may be used for inspection wells of various sizes.
- said securing means means includes a plurality of, to the lower surface of the lid attached radially adjustable, centering members, which provides the advantage that the same deign may be used for inspection wells of various sizes, - said radially movable gripping members are in the form of screws movably arranged within said clamping members within a threaded bore, which provides a cost-effective solution.
- said securing means includes an upper attachment nut arranged to transfer torque to apply a clamping force via said connecting member releasably clamping said lid in contact with the ground, wherein preferably said upper attachment nut is arranged with a unique gripping interface for a unique attachment tool, which provides the advantage that releasing of the upper nut is not easily performed, i.e. requires a special tool.
- Fig. 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of an inspection well arranged with temporary lid arrangement according to one embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 2 is a top view of a bottom plate according to one embodiment of the invention
- Figs. 3 and 4 show different views of a lower attachment nut of a preferred embodiment of the invention
- Figs. 5 and 6 show different views of a lid of a preferred embodiment of the invention
- Figs. 7 and 8 show different views of an upper attachment nut of a preferred embodiment of the invention
- Figs. 9 and 10 show different views of a preferred embodiment of the invention of a tool to tighten the upper attachment nut
- Fig. 11 shows a preferred solution according to the invention of a threaded rod, for clamping the lid onto the ground.
- Figs. 12 and 13 show different views of a preferred embodiment of lid centering members according to the invention
- Figs. 14 and 15 show different views of a preferred embodiment of the invention of clamping members for attachment of the bottom plate
- Figs. 16 and 17 show different parts of a protection arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 18 is a top view of a support device that according to one embodiment of the invention, may be used for easy attachment of the bottom plate 1 within the inspection well.
- Fig. 1 there is schematically shown a cross-sectional side view of an inspection well having cylindric walls 7, with an inner diameter D3, positioned on road with an asphalt coating 8, surrounding the inspection well, wherein a temporary lid arrangement according to an exemplifying embodiment of the invention has been provided.
- the temporary lid arrangement comprises a clamping plate / bottom 1 of a cross-sectional width D2 (e.g. circular) smaller than the inner diameter D3 of the walls 7.
- the bottom 1 may be attached by means of a plurality of radially movable clamping members 2, having gripping members 24A, e.g. at the end of screws 24, enabling the bottom to be attached at desired level L at substantial distance H below the upper surface of the asphalt coating 8.
- the distance H is preferably at least 100 mm, preferably between 150 to 600 mm.
- a lid 3 having a diameter D1 larger the inner diameter D3 of the walls 7 and arranged with centering members 300 is clamped against the upper surface of the asphalt coating 8 by means of a threaded rod 5.
- the threaded rod 5 is connected to the clamping plate / bottom 1 via a lower attachment nut 9 arranged at the centre of the bottom plate 1.
- An upper attachment nut 6 A is fixed to an upper end of the threaded rod 5. By means of turning the upper attachment nut 6A the lid 3 may be tightly clamped against the ground 8 or the lid 3 and threaded rod 5 may be released, i.e. separated from the bottom plate 1.
- the upper and lower attachment nuts 6A, 9 are upper and lower with respect to each other in a scenario of typical usage of the lid arrangement.
- the scenario may be that the lid arrangement is installed in an inspection well, whose orifice emanates at the asphalt coating 8 that may be substantially horizontal.
- the rod 5 may preferably project away from the lid 3, e.g. towards a bottom of the inspection well when the lid arrangement is installed in the inspection well. Consequently, the rod 5 may be said to have a distal end and a proximal end, e.g. with respect to the lid 3. Therefore, also the upper attachment nut 6 A may be referred to as the proximal attachment nut 6A, e.g.
- the lid arrangement facilitates use of a method, wherein the bottom 1 can be fixed at a level L that provides a large safety margin, from not being hit by the asphalt milling cutter, i.e. teeth of the asphalt milling cutter.
- the lid 3 may easily and quickly be separated and lifted away, which further reduces possible risks and heavy/cumbersome handling.
- the novel solution also means that the well lid 3 can be easily connected to the bottom plate 1 in a flexible manner, using the threaded rod 5, so that the time-consuming and heavy lifting and adjustments which according to the conventional methods required large efforts, in different stages from start of a re-coating operation to final coating, may be eliminated.
- the novel method no measuring is needed, since the lid 3 is relatively thin and arranged with a tapering edge surface 34, such that vehicles may drive onto and over it without need of submerging any part of the lid. (as is normally required regarding the original lids).
- the lid 3 may conveniently be fixed in a desired position, i.e. in contact with the substrate 8, aka the ground 8, by tightening the upper attachment nut 6 A of the threaded rod 5.
- Another advantage is that the part, which needs to be lifted when adjusting / removing the lid 3, in the temporary inspection well is considerably lighter than the regular inspection lid.
- the lid 3 may be fixedly positioned by clamping and not by gravity as in regard to regular, and typically permanent, inspection lids.
- the lid 3 is arranged with separate, relatively light and compact centering elements 300. Thus, it becomes significantly easier for staff to handle the assembly and adjustment of an inspection well according to the invention.
- the arrangement may be designed in such a way that it can be used at a variety of different standards/sizes available for inspection wells, e.g. having different diameters, i.e, by making the diameter D1 of the lid larger than the diameter D2 of the bottom plate 1.
- the diameter D1 is at least 10% larger than D2, more preferred 1.2 to 2 times the diameter D2 (i.e. diametric extension, if not a circular plate) of the bottom plate 1.
- the lid 3 has a size to always cover even the largest diameter within a range of frequently occurring well diameters and the clamping members 2 providing sufficient adjustability with the clamping screws 24 for attachment of the bottom plate 1.
- the use of adjustable centering elements 300 and an oversized flexible protective sheet 4 may assist in providing adaptability, more or less regardless of size.
- the protective sheet 4 is described in more detail with reference to Figure 16.
- Fig. 2 there is shown from above of a bottom part 1 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.
- the bottom part 1 comprises a plate having a circular edge 14.
- the diameter D2 of the plate 1 is preferably in the range of 400-700 mm.
- a hole 11 for positioning of a lower attachment bolt 9 (see Figs. 3 and 4)
- the central hole 11 may be arranged with dents 12.
- the dents 12 form torque-resisting members intended to eliminate the lower attachment bolt 9 from rotating when inserted into the hole 11 of the bottom plate 1.
- the bottom plate 1 is arranged with a plurality of first attachment means 10, preferably at least three, more preferred four to six, for attachment of clamping members 2.
- these attachment means 10 are in the form of a plurality of through holes 100 enabling attachment of the clamping members 2 to the plate 1.
- FIGs. 3 and 4 there are shown different views of a lower attachment nut 9 for attachment of the lower end 52 of the threaded rod 5 (see Fig. 10) in accordance with the invention.
- the lower attachment nut 9 may preferably be releasably slidably attached and positioned within the hole 11 within the bottom plate 1 , such that it may allow some downward movement of the threaded rod 5 in relation to the bottom plate 1 , e.g. during passage of a heavy vehicle, which enables the lid 3 to flex without transfer to the bottom plate 1.
- the lower attachment nut 9 comprises a cylindrical body member 95 that has an outer surface 90 that fits into the curved portions of the hole 11 in the bottom plate 1 and axially extending grooves 92 that are intended to fit with the dents 12 protruding within the hole 11 of the bottom plate 1.
- a cylindrical flange 91 having a larger diameter than the diameter of the hole 11 in the bottom plate 1. Accordingly, the lower attachment nut 9 may not pass through the bottom plate 1 once inserted into the hole 11.
- Spring washers may be arranged between the flange 91 and the bottom plate 1 to provide a resilient contact between the lower attachment nut 9 and the bottom plate 1 , which enables the lid 3 and rod 5 to flex in relation to the bottom plate 1.
- a through hole 96 in the attachment nut 9 which is arranged with threads 94, at least along a portion thereof, adapted to interfit with threads of the threaded rod 5. Axially along the threaded portion there may be arranged one or more rinsing grooves 93, intended to provide the ability to rinse the threads of the possibly contaminated rod 5.
- Figs. 5 and 6 there are shown two views of a lid 3 in accordance with the invention.
- the diameter D1 of the lid 3 is substantially larger than the diameter D2 of the bottom plate 1.
- the lid 3 is arranged with a central hole 32, for the upper attachment nut 6 A at the top end 50 of the threaded rod 5.
- the lid 3 is arranged with a plurality of centring attachment devices 30, intended for attachment of centring members 300.
- the centring attachment devices 30 preferably are in the form of radially extending slots.
- the lid is arranged with through holes 31 intended for use in connection with lifting of the lid by means of a lifting tool (not shown).
- the outer circular edge 3 of the lid 3 is arranged with a tapering surface 34.
- the tapering surface 34 provides a soft transition for a vehicle that drives on the road 8 and onto and over the lid 3.
- the lid 3 is preferably made in aluminium which provides a less heavy part to move compared to traditionally used iron lids.
- FIGs. 7 and 8 there are shown two views of an upper attachment nut 6 A according to the invention.
- This upper attachment nut 6A is intended to be used at the top 50 of the threaded rod 5 (see Fig. 11), or at least partly threaded rod 5, to secure the lid 3 to the bottom plate 1 via the threaded rod 5.
- the upper attachment nut 6 A has a cylindrical body 64 with a flange 61 at an upper end.
- the cylindrical body 64 is arranged with a centrally positioned threaded hole 62.
- the cylindrical body 64 snugly fits into the central hole 32 of the lid 3, whereby the flange 61 acts as a stop.
- the threaded hole 62 is a through hole and that a fixation hole 64 is arranged radially through the upper attachment nut 6A.
- a corresponding hole 53 may be arranged adjacent the top 50 of the threaded rod 5, whereby a pin (not shown) may be used to fixate the upper attachment nut 6A at a desired position at the top 50 of the threaded rod 5.
- gripping devices At the top surface of the upper attachment nut 6A there is arranged gripping devices
- the flange 61 is relatively thin and preferably arranged with a tapered surface 65 at the edge, such that traditional gripping thereof is made difficult. Instead there may be arranged a plurality of axially extending holes 63 (e.g.
- the gripping interface may thus be arranged to receive and, preferably snugly fit with, the attachment tool 6B.
- unique is thus here used to described that the gripping interface has a corresponding attachment tool 6B that matches the gripping interface to allow the gripping interface to receive the attachment tool 6B and form a grip that forces the upper attachment nut 6A to rotate as the attachment tool 6B rotates, with or without use of teeth (not shown) mentioned below.
- FIGs, 9 and 10 there are shown two views of a preferred attachment tool 6B used to clamp the lid 3 via the upper attachment nut 9, by means of the threaded rod 5.
- This tool 6B comprises a circular body 66 having a torque transmitting hole 68 in the centre for connection to a drilling machine or the like. Further, there are a plurality of holes 67 intended for teeth (not shown) to connect the tool 6B with the upper attachment nut 6A.
- Fig. 11 there is shown a threaded rod 5 having a sufficient length to span the distance H between the bottom plate 1 and the lid 3, i.e. a length larger than that distance H. Adjacent the upper end 50 there is a hole 53 for fixing of the upper attachment nut 6A. The lower end 52 is intended for threaded interaction with the lower attachment nut 4.
- centring members 300 are positioned onto the lower surface of the lid to arrange for having the lid 3 centred within walls 7 of the inspection hole.
- Each centring member 300 has a substantially triangularly shaped body 304 having an upper surface 301 that is intended to be attached in contact with the lower surface of the lid 3.
- FIGs. 14 and 15 there are shown two views of clamping members 2.
- Each clamping member 2 has an attachment surface 20 intended to be attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, by means of a plurality of threaded holes 21, i.e. used to attach them by means of screws.
- Each clamping member 2 is arranged with a threaded bore 22, that extends radially, e.g. with respect to the bottom plate 1.
- the threaded bore 22 is arranged to receive a screw 24 to facilitate clamping of the bottom plate 1 into a fixed position within the inspection well, by means of screwing the front end 24A of the screws 24 into gripping contact with walls 7 of the inspection well. Accordingly, the length of each screw 24 is preferably larger (e.g.
- FIGs. 16 and 1 there are shown protection devices 4, 46 used for protecting the inspection hole from having dirt falling into it, past the bottom plate 1, during milling of the road surface.
- the main protection device 4 basically comprise a circular flexible sheet 40 having a diameter D3 that substantially exceeds the diameter of the inspection hole. Thanks to having a plurality of radial cuts 44 a limited distance from the outer periphery, i.e. radially inwards, the edges 45 of the protection device 4 may be fitted into inspection holes of different sizes.
- a pivotable protection member 46 with a pivot hole 47 is used for possibly protecting the centre hole 41 of the protection device 4 by means of attaching it in a corresponding hole 42 in the protection device 4, such that it may be swung to either cover or uncover the hole 41. Furthermore, there are a pair of holes 43 arranged on opposite sides of the centre of the protection device 4, which holes 43 are intended for gripping devices (not shown), e.g. strings, to enable lifting of it 4.
- FIG. 18 there is further shown an exemplary support member 6C, as an example of one of many possible support members, used to position, and during attachment of, the bottom plate 1 with the clamping members 2 at a desired level L within the inspection hole.
- the support member 6C comprises a hub 69 with a central hole 691 and a plurality of radially extending arms 692 that span the width of the inspection hole, such that the upper attachment nut 6A may rest on the hub 69 with the threaded rod 5 extending downwardly therethrough.
- the bottom plate may be threaded onto the threaded rod 5 to threadedly adjust the position of the bottom plate 1 thereon, whereby subsequently the bottom plate 1 may be lowered into the inspection hole and having it supported by the support member 6C, where after fixation of the bottom plate may easily be achieved within the inspection hole, thanks to sufficient space being provided for stretching down with a tool/machine for attachment by means of the clamping members 2.
- bottoms 1 of different sizes as well as lids 3 may be provided.
- the lid arrangement according to the invention must not be temporary but may be used as a permanent solution.
- the movable gripping members 24 may be in other forms than screws, e.g. radially movable rods that are driven by means of a common linkage, which in turn may be driven by a common transmission, which transmission may be powered by its own motor, by a drilling machine or manually by hand.
- various solutions may be provided to provide a connecting member, between the bottom 1 and the lid 3, e.g. a flexible wire or a rod.
- the lower attachment nut 9 must not be arranged slidably, but may be fixed (e.g. by welding) to the bottom plate 1, and that flexibility between the lid and bottom plate may be arranged for in different manners, e.g. by use of a telescopic rod or by use of a flexible wire.
- various inter fitting guiding devices 12, 92 may be used to enable sliding of and simultaneously hinder rotation of the attachment lower in the hole 11 of the bottom plate 1.
- the upper attachment nut may form an integrated part of the threaded rod, e.g. a nut welded to the rod.
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lid arrangement, preferably temporary for use in connection with renewal of an asphalt top layer, wherein said lid arrangement is arranged to cover a hole of an inspection well, said lid arrangement comprising a lid (3) and securing means (1, 2, 5, 6 A, 9, 300) arranged to securely position said lid (3) on top of the hole (7) of the inspection well, wherein said securing means (1, 2, 5, 6A, 9, 300) comprises a bottom plate (1) arranged with a plurality of clamping members (2) including radially movable gripping members (24) having gripping ends (24A) arranged to grip into the wall (7) of the inspection well, wherein said gripping ends (24A) are arranged to be moved past the outer edge (14) of said bottom plate (1) and a connecting member (5) arranged to facilitate anchoring of the lid (3) to said bottom plate (1). The invention also relates to a method for use of such a lid arrangement.
Description
A LID ARRANGEMENT AND A METHOD FOR TEMPORARY USE OF A LID ARRANGEMENT FOR RENEWAL OF AN ASPHALT TOP LAYER TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a lid arrangement, preferably for temporary use in connection with renewal of an asphalt top layer, wherein said lid arrangement is arranged to cover a hole of an inspection well, said lid arrangement comprising a lid and securing means, arranged to securely position said lid on top of the hole of the inspection well.
BACKGROUND ART
For renewal of the asphalt top layer, today's methods present a major problem linked to the inspection wells in the road. The problem is related to the milling of existing asphalt surface. It is necessary to first remove a layer from the existing asphalt top layer before new asphalt is added, which removal is performed by means of a milling cutter. In connection with this, the inspection wells in the road must be lowered so that the milling cutter does not hit the well lid, which will result in damage of the milling cutter. A milling cutter of today uses diamond teeth for efficient milling. These diamond teeth are very expensive about EUR 200-300 each. If a milling cutter comes into contact with the well lid, there is a risk that many tens of teeth will be destroyed. It may happen that only in contact with one such an inspection well lid does a cost arise due to broken teeth of up to EUR 10,000. The problem, however, is not only related to this cost due to damages of the milling cutter, but also to the fact that large downtime costs arise due to a broken milling cutter, since all other personnel and machinery are then forced to shut down while waiting for repair of the milling cutter.
In addition, the handling itself is expensive and physically demanding with today's method. When re-installing asphalt, before the milling cutter is allowed to process a distance, i.e. remove a layer of the existing asphalt top layer, the lid of the inspection wells must first be lowered, with intent to eliminate the risk of the milling cutter hitting the inspection well’s lid and thereby being destroyed, or at least damage one or more teeth of the milling cutter. As can be seen above, nevertheless, from time to time, this immersion of the lid does not occur well enough and the cutter is frequently damaged or destroyed.
A lid for an inspection well is heavy, normally about 70 kg, and cannot easily be lifted by machines, which is why the work is usually done mostly manually. It is thus a difficult and complicated procedure to make height adjustments of the lid at an inspection well. The lid consists of a flat lid part with a downwardly projecting cylindrical centring part. An annular outer portion of the lid part, the surface of which is intended to support the lid against the asphalt, protrudes outside the cylindrical centring part. In the work of lowering the well lid, the well lid must first be detached from existing road pavement and then a removal of asphalt around the well is carried out so that the lid can be lowered to a desired level, normally about 60 mm below the existing asphalt surface, e.g. a top surface of the existing asphalt surface at which vehicles, pedestrians, bikes and more, travel.
Thereafter, further steps must be taken to make the roadway drivable. According to one method (there are more), cold asphalt is applied on top of the inspection well lid such that the road surface remains at the same level both on the side and on top of the well. Once the milling has been done, the well lid must then be raised again after removing the cold asphalt layer. The well lid should then be raised to the milled level, so that the roadway becomes drivable again. Then, when the new asphalt layer is applied, the lid must be adjusted once more to the final height. It is not uncommon for a level difference to occur after some time, which means that a further adjustment of the well must be carried out. In total, therefore, many work operations must be carried out, which take time and require heavy lifting. Thus, adjusting the height of an inspection well is a complex and cumbersome procedure From CN110616744 and CN110562893 there are known exemplary installation methods for a well lid which indicate the need of improvements in the field. Further, from CN209493974 and CN 110924444 there are known methods for use of a temporary lid arrangement that is unsatisfactory due to that during use thereof traffic must be routed to avoid driving on the inspection well.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the present invention, one object of the invention is to provide a solution, based on use of a temporary well lid arranged during the time of asphalt coating, which overcomes, or at least mitigates one or more of the disadvantages or problem mentioned above. This object is achieved with a temporary well lid arrangement according to claim 1.
The preferred method is based on reuse of the existing lid and that the existing inspection well lid is first lifted and moved aside.
Thanks to the invention a user-friendly design is provided which may also provide one or more of the following advantages, e.g.; ease of use, time savings, cost savings, elimination of risk of damaging an asphalt milling cutter, - less heavy lifting, and easy manual lifting without need of motorized lifting devices/equipment.
Further preferred aspects of the invention may be that; said bottom plate is arranged with a, preferably centrally positioned, hole and a lower attachment nut arranged at or in said hole, which provides the advantage that the lid and the bottom plate may easily be connected to each other, said connecting member comprises, such as is in the form of, a rod, having threads along at least a lower end portion thereof, which provides a further advantage regarding connecting the lid and the bottom plate to each other, - said lower attachment nut is slidably arranged within said hole and that guiding devices are arranged hindering said lower attachment nut from rotating within said hole, which provides the advantage that the lid and the bottom plate may flex in relation to each other, the diameter D1 of said lid is at least 10% larger than D2, more preferred at least 20% larger than D2, which provides the advantage that the same deign may be used for inspection wells of various sizes. said securing means means includes a plurality of, to the lower surface of the lid attached radially adjustable, centering members, which provides the advantage that the same deign may be used for inspection wells of various sizes, - said radially movable gripping members are in the form of screws movably arranged within said clamping members within a threaded bore, which provides a cost-effective solution. said securing means includes an upper attachment nut arranged to transfer torque to apply a clamping force via said connecting member releasably clamping said lid in contact with the ground, wherein preferably said upper attachment nut is arranged with a unique gripping interface for a unique attachment tool, which
provides the advantage that releasing of the upper nut is not easily performed, i.e. requires a special tool.
Further advantages may become apparent from the detailed description below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
In the following exemplifying embodiments of the invention will be described more in detail with reference to the enclosed figures, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of an inspection well arranged with temporary lid arrangement according to one embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 2 is a top view of a bottom plate according to one embodiment of the invention, Figs. 3 and 4 show different views of a lower attachment nut of a preferred embodiment of the invention,
Figs. 5 and 6 show different views of a lid of a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figs. 7 and 8 show different views of an upper attachment nut of a preferred embodiment of the invention,
Figs. 9 and 10 show different views of a preferred embodiment of the invention of a tool to tighten the upper attachment nut,
Fig. 11 shows a preferred solution according to the invention of a threaded rod, for clamping the lid onto the ground.
Figs. 12 and 13 show different views of a preferred embodiment of lid centering members according to the invention,
Figs. 14 and 15 show different views of a preferred embodiment of the invention of clamping members for attachment of the bottom plate, Figs. 16 and 17 show different parts of a protection arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 18 is a top view of a support device that according to one embodiment of the invention, may be used for easy attachment of the bottom plate 1 within the inspection well.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
In Fig. 1 there is schematically shown a cross-sectional side view of an inspection well having cylindric walls 7, with an inner diameter D3, positioned on road with an asphalt coating 8, surrounding the inspection well, wherein a temporary lid arrangement according to an exemplifying embodiment of the invention has been provided. The temporary lid arrangement comprises a clamping plate / bottom 1 of a cross-sectional width D2 (e.g. circular) smaller than the inner diameter D3 of the walls 7. The bottom 1
may be attached by means of a plurality of radially movable clamping members 2, having gripping members 24A, e.g. at the end of screws 24, enabling the bottom to be attached at desired level L at substantial distance H below the upper surface of the asphalt coating 8. The distance H is preferably at least 100 mm, preferably between 150 to 600 mm. A lid 3 having a diameter D1 larger the inner diameter D3 of the walls 7 and arranged with centering members 300 is clamped against the upper surface of the asphalt coating 8 by means of a threaded rod 5. The threaded rod 5 is connected to the clamping plate / bottom 1 via a lower attachment nut 9 arranged at the centre of the bottom plate 1. An upper attachment nut 6 A is fixed to an upper end of the threaded rod 5. By means of turning the upper attachment nut 6A the lid 3 may be tightly clamped against the ground 8 or the lid 3 and threaded rod 5 may be released, i.e. separated from the bottom plate 1. The upper and lower attachment nuts 6A, 9 are upper and lower with respect to each other in a scenario of typical usage of the lid arrangement. The scenario may be that the lid arrangement is installed in an inspection well, whose orifice emanates at the asphalt coating 8 that may be substantially horizontal. Furthermore, the rod 5 may preferably project away from the lid 3, e.g. towards a bottom of the inspection well when the lid arrangement is installed in the inspection well. Consequently, the rod 5 may be said to have a distal end and a proximal end, e.g. with respect to the lid 3. Therefore, also the upper attachment nut 6 A may be referred to as the proximal attachment nut 6A, e.g. being located at a proximal portion of the rod 5 including the proximal end of the rod 5, and the lower attachment nut 9 may be referred to as the distal attachment nut 9, e.g. being located at a distal portion of the rod 5 including the distal end of the rod 5. The lid arrangement facilitates use of a method, wherein the bottom 1 can be fixed at a level L that provides a large safety margin, from not being hit by the asphalt milling cutter, i.e. teeth of the asphalt milling cutter. The lid 3 may easily and quickly be separated and lifted away, which further reduces possible risks and heavy/cumbersome handling. Hence, the novel solution also means that the well lid 3 can be easily connected to the bottom plate 1 in a flexible manner, using the threaded rod 5, so that the time-consuming and heavy lifting and adjustments which according to the conventional methods required large efforts, in different stages from start of a re-coating operation to final coating, may be eliminated. With the novel method no measuring is needed, since the lid 3 is relatively thin and arranged with a tapering edge surface 34, such that vehicles may drive onto and over it without need of submerging any part of the lid. (as is normally required regarding the original lids). This means that the edge tapers from an inner surface of the lid 3, which faces the bottom plate 1, towards an
outer surface of the lid 3, on which traffic may travel. Accordingly, the lid 3 may conveniently be fixed in a desired position, i.e. in contact with the substrate 8, aka the ground 8, by tightening the upper attachment nut 6 A of the threaded rod 5. Another advantage is that the part, which needs to be lifted when adjusting / removing the lid 3, in the temporary inspection well is considerably lighter than the regular inspection lid. The reason is that the lid 3 may be fixedly positioned by clamping and not by gravity as in regard to regular, and typically permanent, inspection lids. Further, instead of a heavy circular centering member, the lid 3 is arranged with separate, relatively light and compact centering elements 300. Thus, it becomes significantly easier for staff to handle the assembly and adjustment of an inspection well according to the invention.
Another advantage of the novel solution is that the arrangement may be designed in such a way that it can be used at a variety of different standards/sizes available for inspection wells, e.g. having different diameters, i.e, by making the diameter D1 of the lid larger than the diameter D2 of the bottom plate 1. Preferably the diameter D1 is at least 10% larger than D2, more preferred 1.2 to 2 times the diameter D2 (i.e. diametric extension, if not a circular plate) of the bottom plate 1. Hence, preferably the lid 3 has a size to always cover even the largest diameter within a range of frequently occurring well diameters and the clamping members 2 providing sufficient adjustability with the clamping screws 24 for attachment of the bottom plate 1. Further, the use of adjustable centering elements 300 and an oversized flexible protective sheet 4, may assist in providing adaptability, more or less regardless of size. The protective sheet 4 is described in more detail with reference to Figure 16.
In Fig. 2 there is shown from above of a bottom part 1 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The bottom part 1 comprises a plate having a circular edge 14. The diameter D2 of the plate 1 is preferably in the range of 400-700 mm. Centrally in the bottom plate 1 there is arranged a hole 11 for positioning of a lower attachment bolt 9 (see Figs. 3 and 4) The central hole 11 may be arranged with dents 12. The dents 12 form torque-resisting members intended to eliminate the lower attachment bolt 9 from rotating when inserted into the hole 11 of the bottom plate 1. The bottom plate 1 is arranged with a plurality of first attachment means 10, preferably at least three, more preferred four to six, for attachment of clamping members 2. Preferably these attachment means 10 are in the form of a plurality of through holes 100 enabling attachment of the clamping members 2 to the plate 1. Preferably there is a sufficiently
large number of holes 100 to facilitate radially adjustable attachment of each clamping member 2.
In Figs. 3 and 4 there are shown different views of a lower attachment nut 9 for attachment of the lower end 52 of the threaded rod 5 (see Fig. 10) in accordance with the invention. The lower attachment nut 9 may preferably be releasably slidably attached and positioned within the hole 11 within the bottom plate 1 , such that it may allow some downward movement of the threaded rod 5 in relation to the bottom plate 1 , e.g. during passage of a heavy vehicle, which enables the lid 3 to flex without transfer to the bottom plate 1. The lower attachment nut 9 comprises a cylindrical body member 95 that has an outer surface 90 that fits into the curved portions of the hole 11 in the bottom plate 1 and axially extending grooves 92 that are intended to fit with the dents 12 protruding within the hole 11 of the bottom plate 1. At a lower end part of the attachment nut 9 there is arranged a cylindrical flange 91 having a larger diameter than the diameter of the hole 11 in the bottom plate 1. Accordingly, the lower attachment nut 9 may not pass through the bottom plate 1 once inserted into the hole 11. Spring washers may be arranged between the flange 91 and the bottom plate 1 to provide a resilient contact between the lower attachment nut 9 and the bottom plate 1 , which enables the lid 3 and rod 5 to flex in relation to the bottom plate 1. Furthermore, there is a through hole 96 in the attachment nut 9 which is arranged with threads 94, at least along a portion thereof, adapted to interfit with threads of the threaded rod 5. Axially along the threaded portion there may be arranged one or more rinsing grooves 93, intended to provide the ability to rinse the threads of the possibly contaminated rod 5. In Figs. 5 and 6 there are shown two views of a lid 3 in accordance with the invention. The diameter D1 of the lid 3 is substantially larger than the diameter D2 of the bottom plate 1. The lid 3 is arranged with a central hole 32, for the upper attachment nut 6 A at the top end 50 of the threaded rod 5. Further, the lid 3 is arranged with a plurality of centring attachment devices 30, intended for attachment of centring members 300. In order to provide for gradual adjustable attachment of the centring members 300 the centring attachment devices 30 preferably are in the form of radially extending slots. Furthermore, it is shown that the lid is arranged with through holes 31 intended for use in connection with lifting of the lid by means of a lifting tool (not shown). In the side view it may be seen that the outer circular edge 3 of the lid 3 is arranged with a tapering surface 34. The tapering surface 34 provides a soft transition for a vehicle that drives on the road 8 and onto and over the lid 3. The lid 3 is preferably made in
aluminium which provides a less heavy part to move compared to traditionally used iron lids.
In Figs. 7 and 8 there are shown two views of an upper attachment nut 6 A according to the invention. This upper attachment nut 6A is intended to be used at the top 50 of the threaded rod 5 (see Fig. 11), or at least partly threaded rod 5, to secure the lid 3 to the bottom plate 1 via the threaded rod 5. Accordingly, the upper attachment nut 6 A has a cylindrical body 64 with a flange 61 at an upper end. The cylindrical body 64 is arranged with a centrally positioned threaded hole 62. The cylindrical body 64 snugly fits into the central hole 32 of the lid 3, whereby the flange 61 acts as a stop. Preferably the threaded hole 62 is a through hole and that a fixation hole 64 is arranged radially through the upper attachment nut 6A. A corresponding hole 53 may be arranged adjacent the top 50 of the threaded rod 5, whereby a pin (not shown) may be used to fixate the upper attachment nut 6A at a desired position at the top 50 of the threaded rod 5. At the top surface of the upper attachment nut 6A there is arranged gripping devices
63 which are to be used when rotating the threaded rod 5 via the upper attachment nut 6A. It is evident that such gripping devices may present various forms to enable rotation by means of an attachment tool. However, preferably the upper attachment nut 6A is designed such that a release of the threaded rod 5 may not be easily performed, without a specially designed attachment tool 6B (see Figs 9 and 10). Therefore, the flange 61 is relatively thin and preferably arranged with a tapered surface 65 at the edge, such that traditional gripping thereof is made difficult. Instead there may be arranged a plurality of axially extending holes 63 (e.g. three to eight holes 63) arranged in the upper surface of the upper attachment nut 6A, which provides a unique gripping interface for an attachment tool 6B. The gripping interface may thus be arranged to receive and, preferably snugly fit with, the attachment tool 6B. The term “unique” is thus here used to described that the gripping interface has a corresponding attachment tool 6B that matches the gripping interface to allow the gripping interface to receive the attachment tool 6B and form a grip that forces the upper attachment nut 6A to rotate as the attachment tool 6B rotates, with or without use of teeth (not shown) mentioned below.
In Figs, 9 and 10 there are shown two views of a preferred attachment tool 6B used to clamp the lid 3 via the upper attachment nut 9, by means of the threaded rod 5. This tool 6B comprises a circular body 66 having a torque transmitting hole 68 in the centre for connection to a drilling machine or the like. Further, there are a plurality of holes 67 intended for teeth (not shown) to connect the tool 6B with the upper attachment nut 6A.
In Fig. 11 there is shown a threaded rod 5 having a sufficient length to span the distance H between the bottom plate 1 and the lid 3, i.e. a length larger than that distance H. Adjacent the upper end 50 there is a hole 53 for fixing of the upper attachment nut 6A. The lower end 52 is intended for threaded interaction with the lower attachment nut 4.
In Figs. 12 and 13 there are shown centring members 300. The centring members 300 are positioned onto the lower surface of the lid to arrange for having the lid 3 centred within walls 7 of the inspection hole. Each centring member 300 has a substantially triangularly shaped body 304 having an upper surface 301 that is intended to be attached in contact with the lower surface of the lid 3. There are arranged a plurality of threaded holes 302 for adjustably fixing of each centring member 300 onto the lower surface of the lid 3. The position is chosen such that there is desired distance between the walls 7 of the inspection hole and the vertical sides 303 of each centring member 300. Accordingly, the plurality of centring members, e.g. three, will arrange for keeping the lid 3 in a centred position within the inspection hole.
In Figs. 14 and 15 there are shown two views of clamping members 2. Each clamping member 2 has an attachment surface 20 intended to be attached to the upper surface of the bottom plate 1, by means of a plurality of threaded holes 21, i.e. used to attach them by means of screws. Each clamping member 2 is arranged with a threaded bore 22, that extends radially, e.g. with respect to the bottom plate 1. The threaded bore 22 is arranged to receive a screw 24 to facilitate clamping of the bottom plate 1 into a fixed position within the inspection well, by means of screwing the front end 24A of the screws 24 into gripping contact with walls 7 of the inspection well. Accordingly, the length of each screw 24 is preferably larger (e.g. more than 2 times) than the length of the clamping member 2, wherein the length of the clamping member 2 preferably corresponds to the length of the threaded bore 22. A thread rinsing hole 23 may be arranged, preferably in between the two attachment holes 21. In Figs. 16 and 1 there are shown protection devices 4, 46 used for protecting the inspection hole from having dirt falling into it, past the bottom plate 1, during milling of the road surface. The main protection device 4 basically comprise a circular flexible sheet 40 having a diameter D3 that substantially exceeds the diameter of the inspection hole. Thanks to having a plurality of radial cuts 44 a limited distance from the outer periphery, i.e. radially inwards, the edges 45 of the protection device 4 may be fitted into inspection holes of different sizes. A pivotable protection member 46 with a pivot hole 47, as shown in Fig.17, is used for possibly protecting the centre hole 41 of the
protection device 4 by means of attaching it in a corresponding hole 42 in the protection device 4, such that it may be swung to either cover or uncover the hole 41. Furthermore, there are a pair of holes 43 arranged on opposite sides of the centre of the protection device 4, which holes 43 are intended for gripping devices (not shown), e.g. strings, to enable lifting of it 4.
In Fig. 18 there is further shown an exemplary support member 6C, as an example of one of many possible support members, used to position, and during attachment of, the bottom plate 1 with the clamping members 2 at a desired level L within the inspection hole. The support member 6C comprises a hub 69 with a central hole 691 and a plurality of radially extending arms 692 that span the width of the inspection hole, such that the upper attachment nut 6A may rest on the hub 69 with the threaded rod 5 extending downwardly therethrough. Then the bottom plate may be threaded onto the threaded rod 5 to threadedly adjust the position of the bottom plate 1 thereon, whereby subsequently the bottom plate 1 may be lowered into the inspection hole and having it supported by the support member 6C, where after fixation of the bottom plate may easily be achieved within the inspection hole, thanks to sufficient space being provided for stretching down with a tool/machine for attachment by means of the clamping members 2. Thanks to the lid arrangement according to embodiments of the invention numerous advantages may be achieved. As is evident for the skilled person there exist a variety of modifications of different aspects of the above the described embodiment to provide the desired functionality. Hence, the invention may be modified in many ways in relation to what is shown in the figures without departing from the basic concept of the invention. For instance, it is foreseen that bottoms 1 of different sizes as well as lids 3 may be provided. Further, it is evident that the lid arrangement according to the invention must not be temporary but may be used as a permanent solution. Further, it is evident that the movable gripping members 24 may be in other forms than screws, e.g. radially movable rods that are driven by means of a common linkage, which in turn may be driven by a common transmission, which transmission may be powered by its own motor, by a drilling machine or manually by hand. Moreover, it is foreseen that various solutions may be provided to provide a connecting member, between the bottom 1 and the lid 3, e.g. a flexible wire or a rod. Further it is foreseen that the lower attachment nut 9 must not be arranged slidably, but may be fixed (e.g. by welding) to the bottom plate 1, and that flexibility between the lid and bottom plate may be arranged for in different manners, e.g. by use of a telescopic rod or by use of a flexible wire. Moreover, it is evident that various inter fitting guiding devices 12, 92 may be used to enable sliding of
and simultaneously hinder rotation of the attachment lower in the hole 11 of the bottom plate 1.
Further, it is evident that the upper attachment nut may form an integrated part of the threaded rod, e.g. a nut welded to the rod.
Each embodiment, example or feature disclosed herein may be combined with one or more other embodiments, examples or features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A lid arrangement (L), preferably for temporary use in connection with renewal of an asphalt top layer, wherein said lid arrangement is arranged to cover a hole of an inspection well (7), said lid arrangement (L) comprising a lid (3) at the top of the hole of the inspection well (7), securing means (1, 2, 5, 6A, 9, 300) comprising a bottom plate (1) and a connecting member (5) arranged to anchor the lid (3) to said bottom plate (1), wherein said bottom plate (1) is arranged with a plurality of clamping members (2) including radially movable gripping members (24) having gripping ends (24 A) arranged to grip at, preferably into, the wall (70) of the inspection well, wherein said gripping ends (24A) are arranged to be movable past the outer edge (14) of said bottom plate (1) and that the diameter (Dl) of said lid (3) is larger than the diameter (D2) of said bottom plate (1), characterized in that said lid (3) and said securing means (1, 2, 5, 6A, 9, 300) are arranged to securely position said lid (3) to cover on top of the hole of the inspection well (7) by having a size (Dl) larger than the diameter (D3) of the inspection well (7).
2. A lid arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that said connecting member (5) is in the form of a rod, having threads along at least a lower end portion (52) thereof.
3. A lid arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that said rod (5) has threads at least along each end portion (50, 52).
4. A lid arrangement according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that said bottom plate (1) is arranged with a, preferably centrally positioned, hole (11) and a lower attachment nut (9) arranged at or in said hole (11).
5. A lid arrangement according to claims 4, characterized in that said lower attachment nut (9) is slidably arranged within said hole (11) and that guiding devices (12, 92) are arranged to hinder said lower attachment nut (9) from rotating within said hole (11).
6. A lid arrangement according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that the diameter (Dl) of said lid (3) is at least 10% larger than D2, more preferred at least 20% larger than D2.
7. A lid arrangement according to any of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that said securing means means (1, 2, 5, 6A, 9, 300) includes a plurality of, to the lower surface of the lid (3) attached, radially adjustable centering members (300). 8. A lid arrangement according to any of claims 1 to 7, charac terized in that said radially movable gripping members (24) are in the form of screws movably arranged within said clamping members (2) within a threaded bore (22).
9. A lid arrangement according to any of claims 1-8, characterized in that said securing means (1, 2, 5, 6A, 9, 300) includes an upper attachment nut (6A) arranged to transfer torque to apply a clamping force via said connecting member (5) releasably clamping said lid (3) in contact with the ground (8), wherein preferably said upper attachment nut (6A) is arranged with a unique gripping interface (63) for a unique attachment tool (6B).
10. A method for use of a lid arrangement according to any of claims 1-9, for use in connection with renewal of an asphalt top layer, wherein said lid arrangement is arranged to cover a hole of an inspection well (7), comprising the steps of: a) removing the original lid arrangement from an inspection well positioned on a road with an asphalt coating (8) thereby uncovering the inner walls (70) of the inspection well (7), b) positioning the bottom plate (1) with a plurality of clamping members (2) within the inspection hole at a distance (H) below the top surface of asphalt coating (8), and preferably also positioning a protection device (4, 46) on top of the bottom plate (1), c) attaching the bottom plate (1) by means of radially moving gripping members
(24) of said clamping members (2) into gripping contact with the walls (70) of said inspection hole (7), d) positioning of the lid (3) on top of the inspection hole and connecting the connecting member (5) between the lid (3) and the bottom plate (1), e) transferring a clamping force via said connecting member (5) to releasably clamp said lid (3) in contact with the ground (8), whereby the road may be allowed for traffic.
11. A method according to claim 10, characterized by , f) removing the lid (3) and allowing an asphalt milling cutter to remove the top layer of the asphalt coating around the inspection hole, and,
g) subsequently again attach the lid (3) on top of the inspection hole, whereby the road may again be allowed for traffic.
12. A method according to claims 11, characterized by , h) removing the lid (3) for putting a new layer of asphalt onto the road, i) subsequently either again attach the lid (3) or remove the bottom plate (1) and reintroduce the original lid arrangement.
13. A method according to claim 10, wherein a support member (6C) is used in connection with step b) when attaching the bottom plate (1) to the walls (70) of said inspection well (7), wherein said support member (6C) comprises arms (692) providing space to reach into the hole of the inspection well and that is connected to the bottom plate (1) by means of said connecting member (5) and wherein the support member (6C) spans over the hole of the inspections well (7) such that the bottom plate (1) may be supported at a desired level (L) within the hole of the inspection well (7) prior to attachment of the bottom plate (1) to the walls (70) of the inspection well (7).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE2050432A SE543780C2 (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | A lid arrangement and a method for temporary use of a lid arrangement for renewal of an asphalt top layer |
SE2050432-0 | 2020-04-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2021211029A1 true WO2021211029A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/SE2021/050220 WO2021211029A1 (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2021-03-12 | A lid arrangement and a method for temporary use of a lid arrangement for renewal of an asphalt top layer |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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SE (1) | SE543780C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021211029A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2345511A (en) * | 1998-12-12 | 2000-07-12 | United Utilities Plc | Shaft cover and anchoring assembly |
JP2005002779A (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2005-01-06 | Namitei Kk | Closing device of inspection hole |
KR101774934B1 (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-09-05 | (주)대신환경기술 | Easy locking manhole |
CN110924444A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-03-27 | 盐城市何达城市开发建设有限公司 | City infrastructure is built with inspection shaft tentatively sealing equipment |
-
2020
- 2020-04-16 SE SE2050432A patent/SE543780C2/en unknown
-
2021
- 2021-03-12 WO PCT/SE2021/050220 patent/WO2021211029A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2345511A (en) * | 1998-12-12 | 2000-07-12 | United Utilities Plc | Shaft cover and anchoring assembly |
JP2005002779A (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2005-01-06 | Namitei Kk | Closing device of inspection hole |
KR101774934B1 (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-09-05 | (주)대신환경기술 | Easy locking manhole |
CN110924444A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-03-27 | 盐城市何达城市开发建设有限公司 | City infrastructure is built with inspection shaft tentatively sealing equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE2050432A1 (en) | 2021-07-20 |
SE543780C2 (en) | 2021-07-20 |
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