WO2021208777A1 - 一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021208777A1
WO2021208777A1 PCT/CN2021/085698 CN2021085698W WO2021208777A1 WO 2021208777 A1 WO2021208777 A1 WO 2021208777A1 CN 2021085698 W CN2021085698 W CN 2021085698W WO 2021208777 A1 WO2021208777 A1 WO 2021208777A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
flow channel
heat
water source
refrigerant
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PCT/CN2021/085698
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张晓晨
赵雷
Original Assignee
青岛海尔空调电子有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021208777A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021208777A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
    • F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/223—Temperature of the water in the water storage tank
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/335—Control of pumps, e.g. on-off control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/375—Control of heat pumps
    • F24H15/38—Control of compressors of heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/375—Control of heat pumps
    • F24H15/39—Control of valves for distributing refrigerant to different evaporators or condensers in heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of heating devices, and specifically relates to a solar energy and water source heat pump coupling system.
  • water-source heat pumps can achieve good energy-saving and environmental protection effects through reasonable application.
  • This technology uses heat from surface water, groundwater, or domestic sewage in rivers, lakes, and seas, and can generally obtain 2 to 4 times the heat by inputting a small amount of electric energy when heating; at the same time, it uses solar energy, an easily available renewable energy auxiliary water source.
  • the heat pump system provides heating for buildings, which is of great practical significance to alleviate the depletion of fossil energy in our country and the increasingly serious haze and other environmental problems.
  • the current solar energy and water source combination system mostly uses a solar collector as a heat source to heat the water in the heat exchange tube, and then store it in a water storage tank. While solar energy is storing heat, different operating modes are selected in real time according to the outlet water temperature of the hot water storage tank to make full use of the hot water in the water tank for heating. This mode of operation effectively increases the water temperature on the low-temperature water source side of the heat pump, and the operation energy efficiency of the heat pump unit is accordingly improved, thereby saving the operating energy consumption of the system.
  • the hot water in the water tank is used in real time, so that the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank cannot be fully increased during the heating process of the system.
  • the heat pump unit performs two-stage heat exchange from the water source and the water tank. Since the temperature of the water in the water tank is not too high, the heat exchange energy efficiency is low, and therefore the operating energy efficiency of the system cannot be maximized.
  • the present invention proposes a solar energy and water source heat pump coupling system, which can solve the above problems.
  • a solar energy and water source heat pump coupling system including:
  • the solar heat collecting device has at least a first water flow channel inside;
  • Water source heat pump system which includes:
  • the first heat exchanger
  • a second heat exchanger which includes a second water flow channel and a second refrigerant channel
  • the first heat exchanger, the first throttling element, and the second refrigerant passage are connected in sequence, the suction port of the compressor is connected to the second refrigerant passage, and the exhaust port is connected to the first heat exchanger connect;
  • One of the water inlet ends of the second water flow channel is connected to the water tank, and the other is connected to the water source.
  • the connecting pipeline between the second water flow channel and the water tank is provided with a first valve.
  • a second water pump is arranged between the second water flow channel and the water source.
  • the solar heat collection device is further provided with a first refrigerant passage, the inlet of the first refrigerant passage is connected with the outlet of the first heat exchanger, and the outlet of the first refrigerant passage is connected to the compressor
  • the suction port of the compressor is connected, and a second valve is arranged between the first refrigerant passage and the compressor.
  • a second throttling element is provided between the first refrigerant passage and the first heat exchanger.
  • both ends of the first water flow channel are respectively connected with the water tank.
  • the water outlet end of the second water flow channel is connected to a water source, and the second water pump is arranged between the water inlet end of the second water flow channel and the water source or between the water outlet end of the second water flow channel and the water source. between.
  • the first heat exchanger includes a third water flow passage and a third refrigerant passage, the third refrigerant passage is connected to the compressor, and the third water flow passage is connected to a water end.
  • the water tank has a water supply end.
  • a water treatment device is provided between the water source and the second water flow channel, and the water treatment device is a desalinated water device and/or a filter device.
  • the present invention also proposes a method for coupling solar energy and water source heat pump, which includes any one of the foregoing coupling system of solar energy and water source heat pump, and the coupling method includes the following steps:
  • Detecting the temperature of the water tank when the temperature of the water tank is not less than a first set value, turn on the first water pump, close the first valve, turn off the compressor, and the hot water output terminal outputs hot water;
  • the first water pump, the first valve, the compressor and the second water pump are turned on, and the water tank and the water source supply water to the second heat exchanger at the same time. To exchange heat for the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger.
  • the coupling method includes the following steps:
  • the temperature of the water source is detected, and when the temperature of the water source is less than the second set value, the first water pump, the first valve, the compressor, and the second valve are opened, and the refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger One of them enters the first refrigerant passage for heat exchange, and the other enters the second refrigerant passage for heat exchange. After the two refrigerants exchange heat, they are mixed and sucked into the compressor.
  • the solar energy and water source heat pump coupling system of the present invention can select different operation modes according to the water temperature of the hot water storage tank while storing solar energy.
  • the hot water in the water tank is directly used to supply users, and when the temperature of the water tank is low, the warm water in the water tank can be mixed with the water of the water source to exchange heat for the refrigerant in the heat pump system.
  • This operation mode is effective
  • the water temperature on the low-temperature water source side of the heat pump is increased, and the operating energy efficiency of the heat pump unit is accordingly improved, thereby saving the operating energy of the system.
  • the solution only requires one-stage heat exchange, the system pipeline connection is simple, the stability is strong, and the equipment cost and control cost can be reduced at the same time.
  • Fig. 1 The principle block diagram of an embodiment of the solar energy and water source heat pump coupling system proposed by the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of the coupling method of solar energy and water source heat pump proposed by the present invention.
  • This embodiment proposes a solar energy and water source heat pump coupling system, as shown in FIG. 1, including a solar heat collection device 11, a water tank 12, and a water source heat pump system, wherein at least a first water flow is provided inside the solar heat collection device 11 Channel 111; the water tank 12 is connected to the first water flow channel 111, the connecting pipe between the first water flow channel 111 and the water tank 12 is provided with a first water pump 13, and the water tank 12 has a hot water output port 121 connected to the water end; water source heat pump
  • the system includes a compressor 21, a first heat exchanger 22, a first throttling element 23, and a second heat exchanger 24.
  • the second heat exchanger 24 includes a second water flow channel 241 and a second refrigerant channel 242;
  • the compressor 22, the first throttle element 23, and the second refrigerant passage 242 are connected in sequence, the suction port of the compressor 21 is connected to the second refrigerant passage 242, and the exhaust port is connected to the first heat exchanger 22;
  • One of the water inlet ends of the water flow channel 241 is connected to the water tank 12, and the other is connected to the water source 30.
  • the connecting pipe between the second water flow channel 241 and the water tank 12 is provided with a first valve 25, and the second water flow channel 241 is connected to the water source.
  • a second water pump 26 is provided between 30.
  • the first valve 25 is controlled by the control unit, and can be implemented by electronically controlled valves such as ball valves and solenoid valves.
  • the solar heat collector can collect sunlight energy to heat the water in the first water flow channel 111, the first water pump 13 is turned on, and the water in the water tank 12 is circulated and heated in the first water flow channel 111, and the temperature rises.
  • the water in the water tank 12 can be directly supplied to the user, and the hot water can be used as domestic water or heating. At this time, the heat pump system is closed to save energy.
  • the temperature of the water tank 12 is not greater than the set temperature, it means that the water in the water tank 12 cannot be directly supplied to the user, and the heat pump system needs to be turned on at the same time to produce hot water.
  • the heat pump system used in this embodiment is a water source heat pump system for absorbing energy from water to make hot water.
  • the temperature of the water source is low, as a low-grade heat source, it is necessary to increase the inlet water temperature of the heat source side heat exchanger (that is, the second heat exchanger) in order to improve the efficiency of the heat pump.
  • the heat pump system When the heat pump system is turned on, it is because the temperature of the water in the water tank 12 cannot reach the temperature directly supplied to the user. Because the water in the water tank 12 absorbs solar radiation energy, its temperature is relatively higher than that of natural water or domestic sewage. The warm water in the water tank 12 can be used as a heat pump system.
  • one of the water inlet ends of the second water flow channel 241 is connected to the water tank 12, and the other is connected to the water source 30.
  • the water tank 12 By opening the first valve 25, the water tank 12 The warm water in the water mixed with the water in the water source 30 enters the second water flow passage 241 to exchange heat for the refrigerant in the second refrigerant passage 242 in the second heat exchanger 24.
  • This mode of operation effectively increases the water temperature on the low-temperature water source side of the heat pump, and the operation energy efficiency of the heat pump unit is accordingly improved, thereby saving the operating energy consumption of the system.
  • the solution only requires one-stage heat exchange, the system pipeline connection is simple, the stability is strong, and the equipment cost and control cost can be reduced at the same time.
  • the refrigerant in the heat pump system absorbs heat in the second heat exchanger 24, it is compressed into the first heat exchanger 24 by the compressor 21.
  • the high-temperature refrigerant can be directly used for heating, or used to heat water.
  • the heated high-temperature water Used for heating or providing domestic water.
  • the first heat exchanger 22 preferably includes a third water flow passage 221 and a third refrigerant passage 222.
  • the third refrigerant passage 222 is connected to the compressor 21, and the third refrigerant passage 222 is connected to the compressor 21.
  • One end of the water flow channel 221 is connected to the tap water, and the other end is connected to the water end.
  • the two ends of the third water flow channel 221 are respectively connected to the domestic water tank, and the domestic water tank provides the user with heating water or domestic water.
  • the two ends of the third water flow channel 221 are connected to the circulation pipeline of the heating water.
  • the solar heat collecting device 11 is further provided with a first refrigerant passage 112, the inlet of the first refrigerant passage 112 is connected with the outlet of the first heat exchanger 22, and the outlet of the first refrigerant passage 112 is connected to the compressor 21
  • the suction port is connected, and a second valve 28 is provided between the first refrigerant passage 112 and the compressor 21.
  • the heat pump system When the temperature of the water source is low, and the water in the water tank cannot meet the heat exchange requirements of the heat source side heat exchanger of the heat pump system after mixing with the water source, the refrigerant evaporation temperature after the heat exchange on the heat source side is low, resulting in poor heat pump efficiency.
  • the heat pump system is turned on and the second valve 28 is opened.
  • One of the low-temperature refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger 22 enters the first refrigerant passage 112 for heat exchange with the solar energy absorbed in the solar heat collector 11. It enters the second refrigerant channel 242 all the way to absorb energy in the water.
  • the refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant passage 112 can increase the evaporation temperature, which can compensate for the poor heating effect caused by the low evaporation temperature and the low temperature of the outlet water on the user side.
  • the two refrigerants absorb heat and evaporate respectively, and are sucked into the compressor 21, and then pressed into the first heat exchanger 22 to exchange heat.
  • the second valve 28 is controlled by the control unit and can be realized by an electromagnetic valve.
  • the solar heat collector 11 of this embodiment can not only directly exchange heat for water, but also can exchange heat for a refrigerant, which may be a fluorine refrigerant.
  • a refrigerant which may be a fluorine refrigerant.
  • the first water flow channel 111 and the first refrigerant channel 112 can be made into a coil type or flat plate heat exchanger structure, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency.
  • a second throttling element 27 is provided between the first refrigerant passage 112 and the first heat exchanger 22.
  • the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the first heat exchanger 22 is throttled and depressurized by the second throttling element 27 to become a low temperature
  • the low-pressure refrigerant enters the first refrigerant passage 112 to absorb heat.
  • both ends of the first water flow channel 111 are connected to the water tank 12 respectively.
  • the first water pump 13 When the first water pump 13 is turned on, the water in the water tank 12 can be circulated and heated to increase the water temperature in the water tank.
  • the water outlet end of the second water flow channel 241 is connected to the water source 30, and the second water pump 26 is arranged between the water inlet end of the second water flow channel 241 and the water source or between the water outlet end of the second water flow channel 241 and the water source 30.
  • the water in the water source 30 circulates between the water source 30 and the second water flow channel 241.
  • the water in the water tank 12 can be used for direct supply to users or mixed with the water in the water source 30 to increase the water temperature on the heat source side of the heat pump system, it will cause the water in the water tank 12 to be lost. Connected for replenishing water for the water tank 12.
  • the water source 30 can be surface water such as rivers, lakes, and seas, groundwater, or domestic sewage. In order to prevent the water source 30 from corroding and blocking the pipeline, it is preferable to provide a water treatment device (not shown in the figure) between the water source 30 and the second water flow channel 241 ),filter.
  • the water in the water source 30 is preferably seawater.
  • the water treatment device may be a desalinated water device.
  • This embodiment proposes a solar energy and water source heat pump coupling method, which includes the solar energy and water source heat pump coupling system described in Embodiment 1.
  • the coupling method of this embodiment includes the following steps:
  • the temperature of the water tank 12 is detected.
  • the control system works in the first working mode.
  • the first water pump 13 is turned on, the first valve 25 is closed, the compressor 21 is turned off, and the hot water output port 121 is turned off.
  • Output hot water; the water in the water tank 12 is circulated and heated in the first water flow channel 111, and the temperature rises.
  • the water in the water tank 12 can be directly supplied to the user, and the hot water can be used as domestic water or heating. At this time, the heat pump system is closed to save energy.
  • the control system works in the second working mode.
  • the first water pump 13, the first valve 25, the compressor 21 and the second water pump 26 are turned on, and the water tank 12 and the water source 30 are at the same time.
  • the second heat exchanger 24 provides water for heat exchange for the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 24.
  • the coupling method includes the following steps:
  • the temperature of the water source 30 is detected.
  • the first water pump 13, the first valve 25, the compressor 21 and the second valve 28 are opened, and one of the refrigerants flowing out of the first heat exchanger 22 enters The heat is exchanged in the first refrigerant passage 112, and the other one enters the second refrigerant passage 242 for heat exchange.
  • the two refrigerants exchange heat, they are mixed and sucked into the compressor 21. That is, when the temperature of the water source 30 is low, and the water in the water tank 12 is still unable to meet the heat exchange demand of the heat source side heat exchanger of the heat pump system after mixing with the water in the water source, the heat exchange efficiency of the system is improved. At this time, the system works in the third Kind of working mode.
  • the coupling method of solar energy and water source heat pump of this embodiment can realize solar radiation heat exchange-fluorine/water, and is coupled with seawater source heat pump system, and realize multiple working modes for users to choose according to weather conditions (reflected in water tank temperature and water source temperature) . Increase the evaporation temperature to improve the efficiency of the heat pump to achieve hot water heating.

Abstract

本发明提出了一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统及方法，包括：太阳能集热装置，其内部至少设置有第一水流通道；水箱，其与第一水流通道连接，第一水流通道与水箱之间的连接管中设置有第一水泵，水箱具有与用水端连接的热水输出端；水源热泵系统，第一换热器、第一节流元件以及第二冷媒通道顺次连接，压缩机的吸气口与第二冷媒通道连接，排气口与第一换热器连接；第二水流通道的进水端其中一路与水箱连接，另外一路与水源连接，第二水流通道与水箱之间的连接管路中设置有第一阀门，第二水流通道与水源之间设置有第二水泵。本发明的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，有效地提高了热泵低温水源侧的水温，热泵机组的运行能效随之提高，从而节约系统的运行能耗。

Description

一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统及方法 技术领域
本发明属于供热装置技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统。
 背景技术
水源热泵作为一种可再生能源的应用技术，其合理应用能够取得良好的节能环保效果。该技术利用江河湖海等地表水、地下水、或生活污水中的热量，供暖时通过输入少量的电能一般可获得2～4倍的热量；同时，利用太阳能这种容易获取的可再生能源辅助水源热泵系统为建筑供暖，对缓解我国化石能源枯竭以及日趋严重的雾霾等环境问题有非常重要的现实意义。
当前太阳能与水源组合系统的方式多为：太阳能集热器作为热源对换热管中的水进行加热，然后贮存到储水箱中。在太阳能蓄热的同时，根据蓄热水箱的出口水温实时地选择不同的运行模式，以充分利用水箱中的热水进行供暖。这种运行方式有效地提高了热泵低温水源侧的水温，热泵机组的运行能效随之提高，从而节约系统的运行能耗。但是，水箱中的热水被实时加以利用使得在系统供暖过程中蓄热水箱中的热水温度得不到充分提高，尤其在冬季，导致水箱中的热水被直接用于供暖的时间较短，因而开启热泵机组。目前的热泵机组分别从水源和水箱进行两级换热，由于水箱中的水温并不是太高，导致换热能效低，因而并不能最大限度地提高系统的运行能效。
 技术问题
本发明针对现有技术中太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统换热能效低的技术问题，提出了一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，可以解决上述问题。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用下述技术方案予以实现：
一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，包括：
太阳能集热装置，其内部至少设置有第一水流通道；
水箱，其与所述第一水流通道连接，所述第一水流通道与所述水箱之间的连接管中设置有第一水泵，所述水箱具有与用水端连接的热水输出端；
水源热泵系统，其包括：
压缩机；
第一换热器；
第一节流元件；
第二换热器，其包括第二水流通道和第二冷媒通道；
所述第一换热器、第一节流元件以及第二冷媒通道顺次连接，所述压缩机的吸气口与所述第二冷媒通道连接，排气口与所述第一换热器连接；
所述第二水流通道的进水端其中一路与所述水箱连接，另外一路与水源连接，所述第二水流通道与所述水箱之间的连接管路中设置有第一阀门，所述第二水流通道与所述水源之间设置有第二水泵。
进一步的，所述太阳能集热装置中还设置有第一冷媒通道，所述第一冷媒通道的进口与所述第一换热器的出口连接，所述第一冷媒通道的出口与所述压缩机的吸气口连接，所述第一冷媒通道与所述压缩机之间设置有第二阀门。
进一步的，所述第一冷媒通道与所述第一换热器之间设置有第二节流元件。
进一步的，所述第一水流通道的两端分别与所述水箱连接。
进一步的，所述第二水流通道的出水端与水源连接，所述第二水泵设置在所述第二水流通道的进水端与水源之间或者所述第二水流通道的出水端与水源之间。
进一步的，所述第一换热器包括第三水流通道和第三冷媒通道，所述第三冷媒通道与所述压缩机连接，所述第三水流通道与用水端连接。
进一步的，所述水箱具有补水端。
进一步的，所述水源与所述第二水流通道之间设置有水处理装置，所述水处理装置为淡化水装置和/或过滤装置。
本发明同时提出了一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合方法，其包括前面任一条所记载的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，所述耦合方法包括以下步骤：
检测水箱温度，当水箱温度不小于第一设定值时，开启所述第一水泵，关闭所述第一阀门，关闭所述压缩机，所述热水输出端输出热水；
当水箱温度小于第一设定值时，开启所述第一水泵、所述第一阀门、所述压缩机以及第二水泵，所述水箱和水源同时为所述第二换热器供水，用于为所述第二换热器中的冷媒换热。
进一步的，当所述太阳能集热装置中还设置有第一冷媒通道，所述第一冷媒通道的进口与所述第一换热器的出口连接，所述第一冷媒通道的出口与所述压缩机的吸气口连接时，所述耦合方法包括以下步骤：
检测水源温度，当水源温度小于第二设定值时，开启所述第一水泵、所述第一阀门、所述压缩机以及所述第二阀门，从所述第一换热器流出的冷媒其中一路进入所述第一冷媒通道中换热，另外一路进入所述第二冷媒通道换热，两路冷媒换热后混合吸入所述压缩机。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点和积极效果是：本发明的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，通过在太阳能蓄热的同时，根据蓄热水箱的水温选择不同的运行模式，既可以在水箱温度较高时直接利用水箱中的热水供给用户，又可以在水箱温度较低时，将水箱中的温水与水源的水混合后为热泵系统中的冷媒换热，这种运行方式有效地提高了热泵低温水源侧的水温，热泵机组的运行能效随之提高，从而节约系统的运行能耗。同时，该方案只需要一级换热，系统管路连接简单，稳定性强，同时可以降低设备成本和控制成本。
结合附图阅读本发明的具体实施方式后，本发明的其他特点和优点将变得更加清楚。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1本发明提出的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统的一种实施例原理方框图；
图2是本发明提出的太阳能与水源热泵耦合方法的一种实施例流程图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下将结合附图和实施例，对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例一
本实施例提出了一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，如图1所示，包括太阳能集热装置11、水箱12、以及水源热泵系统，其中，太阳能集热装置11的内部至少设置有第一水流通道111；水箱12与第一水流通道111连接，第一水流通道111与水箱12之间的连接管中设置有第一水泵13，水箱12具有与用水端连接的热水输出端121；水源热泵系统包括压缩机21、第一换热器22、第一节流元件23以及第二换热器24，第二换热器24包括第二水流通道241和第二冷媒通道242；第一换热器22、第一节流元件23以及第二冷媒通道242顺次连接，压缩机21的吸气口与第二冷媒通道242连接，排气口与所述第一换热器22连接；第二水流通道241的进水端其中一路与水箱12连接，另外一路与水源30连接，第二水流通道241与水箱12之间的连接管路中设置有第一阀门25，第二水流通道241与水源30之间设置有第二水泵26。
第一阀门25受控制单元的控制，可以采用球阀、电磁阀等电控阀类实现。
太阳能集热装置能够收集太阳光能量，用于为第一水流通道111中的水进行加热，第一水泵13开启，水箱12中的水在第一水流通道111中循环加热，温度升高。通过检测水箱12中的水温，当太阳辐射较好，水箱12温度大于设定温度值时，水箱12中的水可以直接供给用户使用，热水可以作为生活用水使用，也可以取暖使用。此时热泵系统关闭，节约能耗。
当水箱12温度不大于设定温度时，说明水箱12中的水无法直接供给用户使用，需要同时开启热泵系统，用于制热水。
由于江河湖海等地表水、地下水、或生活污水中潜藏着巨大的能量，本实施例中所采用的热泵系统为水源热泵系统，用于从水中吸收能量制热水。
在水源温度偏低时，作为低品位的热源，需要提高热源侧换热器（也即第二换热器）的进水水温才能提高热泵效率。开启热泵系统时是因为水箱12中的水温度达不到直接供给用户的温度，由于水箱12中的水吸收了太阳辐射能量，其较自然界的水或者生活污水温度相对高一些，因此，为了同时能够利用水箱12中的温水为热泵系统使用，本方案中通过将第二水流通道241的进水端其中一路与水箱12连接，另外一路与水源30连接，通过开启第一阀门25，水箱12中的温水和水源30中的水混合进入第二水流通道241中，为第二换热器24中第二冷媒通道242中的冷媒换热。这种运行方式有效地提高了热泵低温水源侧的水温，热泵机组的运行能效随之提高，从而节约系统的运行能耗。同时，该方案只需要一级换热，系统管路连接简单，稳定性强，同时可以降低设备成本和控制成本。
热泵系统中的冷媒在第二换热器24中吸热后，经压缩机21压至第一换热器24中，高温冷媒可以直接用于采暖，或者用于加热水，加热后的高温水用于采暖或者提供生活用水。
当第一换热器22中的高温冷媒用于加热水时，优选第一换热器22包括第三水流通道221和第三冷媒通道222，第三冷媒通道222与压缩机21连接，第三水流通道221一端与自来水连接，另外一端与用水端连接。或者第三水流通道221的两端分别与生活用水水箱连接，由生活用水水箱为用户提供采暖用水或者生活用水。或者第三水流通道221的两端连接采暖用水的循环管路。
本实施例中优选太阳能集热装置11中还设置有第一冷媒通道112，第一冷媒通道112的进口与第一换热器22的出口连接，第一冷媒通道112的出口与压缩机21的吸气口连接，第一冷媒通道112与压缩机21之间设置有第二阀门28。
在水源温度偏低时，且水箱中水与水源的水混合后仍然无法满足热泵系统热源侧换热器的换热需求时，热源侧换热后的制冷剂蒸发温度低，导致热泵效率差，此时开启热泵系统，以及开启第二阀门28，从第一换热器22流出的低温冷媒其中一路进入第一冷媒通道112中，用于与太阳能集热装置11中吸收的太阳能换热，另外一路进入第二冷媒通道242中，用于吸收水中的能量。冷媒流经第一冷媒通道112可以提高蒸发温度，能够弥补因蒸发温度低导致的制热效果差，用户侧出水温度低的问题。两路冷媒分别吸热蒸发后被吸入压缩机21，然后压至第一换热器22中换热。
第二阀门28受控制单元的控制，可以采用电磁阀实现。
本实施例的太阳能集热装置11，既能够实现直接为水换热，又能够为冷媒换热，该冷媒可以是氟制冷剂。第一水流通道111和第一冷媒通道112可以制作成盘管式或者平板式换热器的结构，能够提高换热效率。
第一冷媒通道112与第一换热器22之间设置有第二节流元件27，从第一换热器22流出的低温高压冷媒经第二节流元件27节流降压后，成为低温低压冷媒进入第一冷媒通道112吸热。
本实施例中优选第一水流通道111的两端分别与水箱12连接，第一水泵13开启时，可以循环加热水箱12中的水，升高水箱中的水温。
第二水流通道241的出水端与水源30连接，第二水泵26设置在第二水流通道241的进水端与水源之间或者设置在第二水流通道241的出水端与水源30之间。使得水源30中的水在水源30与第二水流通道241之间循环。
由于水箱12中的能够用于直接提供给用户使用或者与水源30中的水混合提高热泵系统热源侧的水温，会导致水箱12中的水流失，因此，水箱12具有补水端121，其与自来水连接，用于为水箱12补水。
水源30可以是江河湖海等地表水、地下水、或生活污水等，为了防止水源30腐蚀、堵塞管道，优选在水源30与第二水流通道241之间设置有水处理装置（图中未示出），过滤装置。
我国海岸线较长，海水资源辽阔，且海水具有巨大的储热能力，全年温度在2℃以上，本实施例中优选水源30中的水为海水。水处理装置可以为淡化水装置。
实施例二
本实施例提出了一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合方法，其包括实施例一中所记载的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，本实施例的耦合方法包括以下步骤：
检测水箱12温度，当水箱12温度不小于第一设定值时，控制系统工作在第一种工作模式，开启第一水泵13，关闭第一阀门25，关闭压缩机21，热水输出端121输出热水；水箱12中的水在第一水流通道111中循环加热，温度升高。通过检测水箱12中的水温，水箱12温度大于设定温度值时，水箱12中的水可以直接供给用户使用，热水可以作为生活用水使用，也可以取暖使用。此时热泵系统关闭，节约能耗。
当水箱温度小于第一设定值时，控制系统工作在第二种工作模式，同时开启第一水泵13、第一阀门25、压缩机21以及第二水泵26，水箱12和水源30同时为第二换热器24供水，用于为第二换热器24中的冷媒换热。
当所述太阳能集热装置中还设置有第一冷媒通道，所述第一冷媒通道的进口与所述第一换热器的出口连接，所述第一冷媒通道的出口与所述压缩机的吸气口连接时，耦合方法包括以下步骤：
检测水源30温度，当水源30温度小于第二设定值时，开启第一水泵13、第一阀门25、压缩机21以及第二阀门28，从第一换热器22流出的冷媒其中一路进入第一冷媒通道112中换热，另外一路进入第二冷媒通道242换热，两路冷媒换热后混合吸入压缩机21。也即在水源30温度偏低时，且水箱12中水与水源的水混合后仍然无法满足热泵系统热源侧换热器的换热需求时提高系统的换热效率，此时系统工作在第三种工作模式。
本实施例的太阳能与水源热泵耦合方法，可以实现太阳能辐射换热-氟/水,并与海水源热泵系统耦合，依据天气状况（体现在水箱温度和水源温度）实现多种工作模式供用户选择。提高蒸发温度，来提高热泵效率，以实现供热水采暖。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其进行限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明所要求保护的技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，其特征在于，包括：
    太阳能集热装置，其内部设置有第一水流通道；
    水箱，其与所述第一水流通道连接，所述第一水流通道与所述水箱之间的连接管中设置有第一水泵，所述水箱具有与用水端连接的热水输出端；
    水源热泵系统，其包括：
    压缩机；
    第一换热器；
    第一节流元件；
    第二换热器，其包括第二水流通道和第二冷媒通道；
    所述第一换热器、第一节流元件以及第二冷媒通道顺次连接，所述压缩机的吸气口与所述第二冷媒通道连接，排气口与所述第一换热器连接；
    所述第二水流通道的进水端其中一路与所述水箱连接，另外一路与水源连接，所述第二水流通道与所述水箱之间的连接管路中设置有第一阀门，所述第二水流通道与所述水源之间设置有第二水泵。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，其特征在于，所述太阳能集热装置中还设置有第一冷媒通道，所述第一冷媒通道的进口与所述第一换热器的出口连接，所述第一冷媒通道的出口与所述压缩机的吸气口连接，所述第一冷媒通道与所述压缩机之间设置有第二阀门。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，其特征在于，所述第一冷媒通道与所述第一换热器之间设置有第二节流元件。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，其特征在于，所述第一水流通道的两端分别与所述水箱连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，其特征在于，所述第二水流通道的出水端与水源连接，所述第二水泵设置在所述第二水流通道的进水端与水源之间或者所述第二水流通道的出水端与水源之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，其特征在于，所述第一换热器包括第三水流通道和第三冷媒通道，所述第三冷媒通道与所述压缩机连接，所述第三水流通道与用水端连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，其特征在于，所述水箱具有补水端。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，其特征在于，所述水源与所述第二水流通道之间设置有水处理装置，所述水处理装置为淡化水装置和/或过滤装置。
  9. 一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合方法，其特征在于，其包括权利要求1-8任一项所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统，所述耦合方法包括以下步骤：
    检测水箱温度，当水箱温度不小于第一设定值时，开启所述第一水泵，关闭所述第一阀门，关闭所述压缩机，所述热水输出端输出热水；
    当水箱温度小于第一设定值时，开启所述第一水泵、所述第一阀门、所述压缩机以及第二水泵，所述水箱和水源同时为所述第二换热器供水，用于为所述第二换热器中的冷媒换热。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的太阳能与水源热泵耦合方法，其特征在于，当所述太阳能集热装置中还设置有第一冷媒通道，所述第一冷媒通道的进口与所述第一换热器的出口连接，所述第一冷媒通道的出口与所述压缩机的吸气口连接时，所述耦合方法包括以下步骤：
    检测水源温度，当水源温度小于第二设定值时，开启所述第一水泵、所述第一阀门、所述压缩机以及所述第二阀门，从所述第一换热器流出的冷媒其中一路进入所述第一冷媒通道中换热，另外一路进入所述第二冷媒通道换热，两路冷媒换热后混合吸入所述压缩机。
PCT/CN2021/085698 2020-04-17 2021-04-06 一种太阳能与水源热泵耦合系统及方法 WO2021208777A1 (zh)

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