WO2021201678A1 - A commercial diesel motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine. - Google Patents

A commercial diesel motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine. Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021201678A1
WO2021201678A1 PCT/NL2021/050206 NL2021050206W WO2021201678A1 WO 2021201678 A1 WO2021201678 A1 WO 2021201678A1 NL 2021050206 W NL2021050206 W NL 2021050206W WO 2021201678 A1 WO2021201678 A1 WO 2021201678A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust outlet
outlet opening
motor vehicle
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2021/050206
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef Saberi
Original Assignee
Daf Trucks N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daf Trucks N.V. filed Critical Daf Trucks N.V.
Publication of WO2021201678A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021201678A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0235—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using exhaust gas throttling means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/082—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of tailpipe, e.g. with means for mixing air with exhaust for exhaust cooling, dilution or evacuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/087—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits having valves upstream of silencing apparatus for by-passing at least part of exhaust directly to atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/36—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an exhaust flap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
    • F01N2340/04—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of an exhaust pipe, manifold or apparatus in relation to vehicle frame or particular vehicle parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
    • F01N2410/04—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device during regeneration period, e.g. of particle filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for heavy duty applications, e.g. trucks, buses, tractors, locomotives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F16H57/0415—Air cooling or ventilation; Heat exchangers; Thermal insulations
    • F16H57/0416—Air cooling or ventilation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprising a chassis; an internal combustion engine; a drive shaft operatively connected to the internal combustion engine; a front axle assembly connected to and supported by front wheels; a rear axle assembly connected to and supported by rear wheels, the rear axle assembly including a differential, wherein the chassis is coupled to the front and rear axle assemblies; an exhaust system in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine, the exhaust system comprising a single exhaust outlet pipe and an exhaust-gas after treatment unit including a diesel particulate filter; and an engine control unit for controlling the operation modes of the internal combustion engine, the operation modes including a normal operating mode and a diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
  • Such a commercial vehicle is for example known from WO-Al- 2012/094101.
  • the exhaust gas is utilized to heat lubrication fluid in the differential and for that reason the exhaust system comprises fluid inlet conduits an fluid outlet conduits on the one hand in fluid communication with the central cavity of the differential and on the other hand in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine.
  • the known commercial vehicle furthermore comprises a temperature control system including temperature sensors for monitoring the temperature of the lubricant in the differential and valve assemblies both in the fluid inlet conduits and in the fluid outlet conduits.
  • the temperature control system of the known commercial diesel motor vehicle is arranged such that in case the temperature sensors indicate that the lubrication fluid is below a predetermined temperature the valve assemblies are operated such that exhaust gas is diverted by the fluid inlet conduits into the central cavity of the differential for heating the lubrication fluid and by the fluid outlet conduits out of the central cavity back into the exhaust system where the exhaust is discharged into the ambient environment through an exhaust outlet opening positioned behind the rear wheels.
  • the temperature sensors indicate that the lubrication fluid is at or near the predetermined temperature the valve assemblies are operated such that exhaust gas bypasses the differential and is directly discharged into the ambient environment through the exhaust outlet opening.
  • the system for heating the lubrication fluid in the known commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises a relatively large number of relatively expensive components.
  • the temperature sensors are quite sensitive with regard to the environment in which they are used and can therefore sensitive to failure.
  • a rear axle assembly connected to and supported by rear wheels, the rear axle assembly including a differential, wherein the chassis is coupled to the front and rear axle assemblies; - an exhaust system in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine, the exhaust system comprising a single exhaust outlet pipe and an exhaust-gas after treatment unit including a diesel particulate filter; and
  • the single exhaust outlet pipe has a rear exhaust outlet opening positioned between the front axle assembly and the rear axle assembly, the rear exhaust outlet opening being positioned at a distance from the differential, the single exhaust outlet pipe extending in an extension direction towards the differential and comprising a rear exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening or closing the rear exhaust outlet opening, in that the single exhaust outlet pipe has a side exhaust outlet opening for directing exhaust gas to a side of the commercial vehicle, the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member being arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening when the internal combustion engine operates in the normal operating mode and for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening when the internal combustion engine operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
  • the invention is based on the insight that taking account of the usual dimensions of a commercial diesel motor vehicle the temperature of the exhaust gas during normal operating mode remains below values wherein the exhaust gas will damage or reduce the life time of vehicle components which come into contact with the exhaust gas. Consequently the simple mechanical construction of a single exhaust outlet pipe having a rear exhaust outlet opening positioned between the front axle assembly and the rear axle assembly and directed to the differential can be used to direct exhaust gas through the ambient environment to the differential to heat the lubrication fluid in the differential. In this manner the differential efficiency is increased and fuel consumption of the commercial diesel motor vehicle is reduced.
  • the invention provides for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening when the internal combustion engine operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode by means of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member, such that the hot exhaust gas is directed through the side exhaust outlet opening which directs hot exhaust gas to a side of the commercial vehicle via the side exhaust outlet opening during diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member includes a rear outlet opening closure flap dimensioned to close the rear exhaust outlet opening, the rear outlet opening closure flap being hingedly attached to the single exhaust outlet pipe by a hinge having a hinge axis perpendicular to the extension direction.
  • the hinge is a spring biased hinge.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member comprises a rear exhaust outlet opening closure valve internally positioned within the single exhaust outlet pipe for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening.
  • the single exhaust outlet pipe further comprises a side exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening or closing the side exhaust outlet opening, the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member and the side exhaust outlet closure member being arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening and closing the side exhaust outlet opening, respectively, when the internal combustion engine operates in the normal operating mode and being arranged for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening and opening the side exhaust outlet opening, respectively, when the internal combustion engine operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
  • a side exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening or closing the side exhaust outlet opening it is during normal operating mode possible to close the side exhaust outlet opening of the single exhaust outlet pipe so that all the exhaust can be used for efficient heating of the lubrication fluid in the differential.
  • the side exhaust outlet opening is provided near a free end of the single exhaust outlet pipe, the side exhaust outlet opening closure member including a side outlet opening closure dimensioned to close the side exhaust outlet opening.
  • the side outlet opening closure flap is fixedly attached to the rear outlet opening closure flap. In this manner a particularly mechanical simple and robust manner is provided for simultaneously operating the opening (or closing, respectively) of the rear exhaust outlet opening and the closing (or opening, respectively) of the side exhaust outlet opening by the respective flaps.
  • the exhaust system comprises an electro- mechanical or pneumatic drive unit
  • the engine control unit is arranged for controlling the electro-mechanical or pneumatic drive unit for displacing the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening is opened to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening is closed, and for simultaneously controlling the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure member from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening is opened, and vice versa.
  • the engine control unit can operate the exhaust opening closure members at the same time as it controls the internal combustion engine in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
  • the engine control unit can optionally also take the speed of the commercial diesel motor vehicle into account.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member and the side exhaust outlet opening closure member are arranged such that the displacement of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening is opened to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening is closed, and the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure member from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening is opened, and vice versa, is effected in dependence of a value of an exhaust mass-flow flowing through the single exhaust outlet pipe and the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap and the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap.
  • the exhaust mass-flow through the single exhaust outlet pipe has a value which is lower than the exhaust mass-flow through the single exhaust outlet pipe during the normal operation mode.
  • the exhaust mass-flow controls the opening and closing of the respective exhaust gas outlet openings.
  • the load of the diesel motor engine is higher as a result of which the exhaust mass- flow is higher. Since at such higher speeds of the commercial diesel motor vehicle the driving wind causes cooling of the exhaust gases, the exhaust gases can be allowed to be directed to the differential.
  • the single exhaust outlet pipe is positioned under an angle a with regard to a horizontal driving surface of the commercial diesel motor vehicle, wherein the angle a has a value between 15° and 35°, preferably the angle is 25°.
  • the angle a has a value between 15° and 35°, preferably the angle is 25°.
  • positioning of the single exhaust outlet pipe under such an angle prevents that the exhaust gas directly heats the differential and ensures that heating takes place indirectly, for example by reflecting the exhaust gas from the horizontal driving surface, as a result of which the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered before reaching the differential. Thereby overheating of the differential is prevented.
  • Positioning of the single exhaust outlet pipe under such an angle can also be considered in case the total construction of the commercial diesel motor vehicle does not allow a horizontal arrangement of the single exhaust outlet pipe.
  • the single exhaust pipe extends parallel to the drive shaft.
  • the single exhaust pipe extends under an angle 6 to the drive shaft, wherein the angle 6 has a value between 15° and 35°.
  • the distance of the rear exhaust outlet opening to the differential has a value between 1300 mm and 1700 mm.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a bottom view of an embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a side view of the embodiment of the commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine as shown in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows a first embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention with a rear exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening/closing the rear exhaust outlet opening and an open side exhaust opening in perspective;
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows the first embodiment as shown in Figure 3 in a top view
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a second embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention wherein an electro-mechanical drive unit controls rear and side exhaust outlet opening closure members; and
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows a third embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention wherein the exhaust mass-flow controls the rear and side exhaust outlet opening closure members.
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 comprising an internal combustion engine 2 is schematically shown in a bottom view.
  • the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 further comprises a chassis 3 coupled to a front axle assembly 4 and a rear axle assembly 5.
  • the front axle assembly 4 is connected to and supported by front wheels 6A, 6B and the rear axle assembly 5 is connected to and supported by rear wheels 7A-7D.
  • the invention is not restricted to a commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 comprising the number of wheels shown in Figure 1, but that the commercial diesel motor vehicle can comprise any suitable other number of wheels.
  • a drive shaft 8 is operatively connected to the internal combustion engine 2 and via a differential 9 of the rear axle assembly 5 drives the rear wheels 7A-7D in rotation.
  • An exhaust system 10 of the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 is in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine 2 for receiving exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the exhaust system 10 comprises a single exhaust outlet pipe 11 and an exhaust-gas after treatment unit 12 including a diesel particulate filter 13.
  • An engine control unit 14 is included in the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 for controlling the operation modes of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the operation modes include a normal operating mode and a diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
  • the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 has a rear exhaust outlet opening 15 positioned between the front axle assembly 4 and the rear axle assembly 5.
  • the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 extends in an extension direction 22 (see Figures 3 to 6) towards the differential 9 up to a distance D from the differential 9, such that the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is positioned at the distance D from the differential 9.
  • the distance D of the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 to the differential 9 has a value between 1300 mm and 1700 mm.
  • the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 further comprises a rear exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening or closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15.
  • the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 has a side exhaust outlet opening 18 for directing exhaust gas to a side of the commercial vehicle 1.
  • the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is constant open.
  • the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 also comprises a side exhaust outlet opening closure member 17 for opening or closing the side exhaust outlet opening 18.
  • the exhaust system 10 only comprises the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 for opening or closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 is arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 when the internal combustion engine 2 operates in the normal operating mode and for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 when the internal combustion engine 2 operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
  • the side exhaust outlet opening 18 for directing exhaust gas to a side of the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 can remain open during both the normal operating mode and the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode, and thus in this first embodiment the exhaust system 10 does not comprise a side exhaust outlet closure member.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 and the side exhaust outlet closure member 17 are arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 and closing the side exhaust outlet opening 18, respectively, when the internal combustion engine 2 operates in the normal operating mode and are arranged for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 and opening the side exhaust outlet opening 18, respectively, when the internal combustion engine 2 operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 includes a rear outlet opening closure flap 19 dimensioned to close the rear exhaust outlet opening 15.
  • the rear outlet opening closure flap 19 is hingedly attached to the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 by a hinge 20 having a hinge axis 21 perpendicular to the extension direction 22.
  • the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is provided near a free end 11A of the single exhaust outlet pipe 11.
  • the side exhaust outlet opening closure member 17 includes a side outlet opening closure flap 23 fixedly attached to the rear outlet opening closure flap 19.
  • the side outlet opening closure flap 23 is dimensioned to at least close the side exhaust outlet opening 18.
  • the exhaust system 10 comprises an electro-mechanical or pneumatic drive unit 24 controlled by the engine control unit 14.
  • the engine control unit 14 is arranged for controlling the electro-mechanical or pneumatic drive unit 24 for displacing the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is opened, during the normal operative mode, to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is closed during the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode. Since the side outlet opening closure flap 23 is fixedly attached to the rear outlet opening closure flap 19, the engine control unit 14 then simultaneously controls the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23 from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is opened, and vice versa.
  • the third embodiment of the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 is shown in Figure 6.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 and the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23 are arranged such that the displacement of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is opened to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is closed, and the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23 from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is opened, and vice versa, is effected in dependence of a value of an exhaust mass-flow flowing through the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 and the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 and the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23.
  • the exhaust mass-flow through the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 has a value which is lower than the exhaust mass-flow through the single exhaust outlet pipe during the normal operation mode.
  • the side exhaust outlet opening 18 can be closed and the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 can be opened during the normal operation mode of the internal combustion engine, while the side exhaust outlet opening 18 can be opened and the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 can be closed during the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode of the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the exhaust mass-flow controls the opening and closing of the respective exhaust gas outlet openings 15, 18.
  • appropriately matching of the masses of the exhaust openings closure flaps 19, 23 can also be realized by dimensioning the flaps 19, 23 larger than the respective exhaust outlet openings 15, 18, for example by providing the flaps with a specific shape. It is observed that the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 can be different from the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23, in dependence of the values of the exhaust mass- flow specific to the internal combustion engine 2.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 and the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23 can made as separate flaps which are welded together or can be formed as an integral flap unit.
  • the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member and/or the side exhaust outlet opening closure member can in stead of a flap comprise a rear exhaust outlet opening closure valve or a side exhaust outlet opening closure valve, respectively, which valves are internally positioned within the single exhaust outlet pipe for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening or the side exhaust outlet opening, respectively.
  • the extension direction 22 of the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 can be parallel to a horizontal driving surface R, such as a road (see Figure 2, which only shows the components of the commercial diesel motor engine relevant to this embodiment).
  • a horizontal driving surface R such as a road
  • FIG. 1 two different embodiments of an orientation of the single exhaust pipe 11 with regard to the drive shaft 8 are shown.
  • One embodiment is shown with solid lines, in which extends the single exhaust pipe 11 extends parallel to the drive shaft 8.
  • Another embodiment is indicated by dashed lines wherein the single exhaust pipe 11 extends under an angle 6 to the drive shaft 8, wherein the angle 6 has a value between 15° and 35°.

Abstract

A commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 comprises an internal combustion engine 2, an exhaust system 10 having a single exhaust outlet pipe 11 in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine, and an engine control unit 14 for controlling the operation modes of the internal combustion engine, the operation modes including normal operation mode and a diesel particulate filter regeneration mode. The single exhaust outlet pipe 11 has a rear exhaust outlet opening 15 positioned between the front axle assembly 4 and the rear axle assembly 5 and at a distance D from the differential 9. The single exhaust outlet pipe 11 extends in an extension direction towards the differential 9 and comprising a rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 for opening or closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15. The single exhaust outlet pipe has a side exhaust outlet opening 18 for directing exhaust gas to a side of the commercial vehicle. The rear exhaust outlet opening closure member is arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 when the internal combustion engine operates in the normal operating mode and for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 when the internal combustion engine operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.

Description

Title: A commercial diesel motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine.
The invention relates to a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprising a chassis; an internal combustion engine; a drive shaft operatively connected to the internal combustion engine; a front axle assembly connected to and supported by front wheels; a rear axle assembly connected to and supported by rear wheels, the rear axle assembly including a differential, wherein the chassis is coupled to the front and rear axle assemblies; an exhaust system in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine, the exhaust system comprising a single exhaust outlet pipe and an exhaust-gas after treatment unit including a diesel particulate filter; and an engine control unit for controlling the operation modes of the internal combustion engine, the operation modes including a normal operating mode and a diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
Such a commercial vehicle is for example known from WO-Al- 2012/094101. In the known commercial diesel motor vehicle the exhaust gas is utilized to heat lubrication fluid in the differential and for that reason the exhaust system comprises fluid inlet conduits an fluid outlet conduits on the one hand in fluid communication with the central cavity of the differential and on the other hand in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine. The known commercial vehicle furthermore comprises a temperature control system including temperature sensors for monitoring the temperature of the lubricant in the differential and valve assemblies both in the fluid inlet conduits and in the fluid outlet conduits. The temperature control system of the known commercial diesel motor vehicle is arranged such that in case the temperature sensors indicate that the lubrication fluid is below a predetermined temperature the valve assemblies are operated such that exhaust gas is diverted by the fluid inlet conduits into the central cavity of the differential for heating the lubrication fluid and by the fluid outlet conduits out of the central cavity back into the exhaust system where the exhaust is discharged into the ambient environment through an exhaust outlet opening positioned behind the rear wheels. In case the temperature sensors indicate that the lubrication fluid is at or near the predetermined temperature the valve assemblies are operated such that exhaust gas bypasses the differential and is directly discharged into the ambient environment through the exhaust outlet opening. The system for heating the lubrication fluid in the known commercial diesel motor vehicle, however, comprises a relatively large number of relatively expensive components. In addition, in particular the temperature sensors are quite sensitive with regard to the environment in which they are used and can therefore sensitive to failure.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a commercial diesel motor vehicle in which the lubrication fluid in the differential can be heated in a relatively simple mechanical manner. It is another object of the present invention to provide a commercial diesel motor vehicle in which the lubrication fluid in the differential can be heated in a reliable manner which is less sensitive to failure.
According to the invention this object is obtained by a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprising:
- a chassis;
- an internal combustion engine;
- a drive shaft operatively connected to the internal combustion engine;
- a front axle assembly connected to and supported by front wheels;
- a rear axle assembly connected to and supported by rear wheels, the rear axle assembly including a differential, wherein the chassis is coupled to the front and rear axle assemblies; - an exhaust system in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine, the exhaust system comprising a single exhaust outlet pipe and an exhaust-gas after treatment unit including a diesel particulate filter; and
- an engine control unit for controlling the operation modes of the internal combustion engine, the operation modes including a normal operating mode and a diesel particulate filter regeneration mode, characterized in that the single exhaust outlet pipe has a rear exhaust outlet opening positioned between the front axle assembly and the rear axle assembly, the rear exhaust outlet opening being positioned at a distance from the differential, the single exhaust outlet pipe extending in an extension direction towards the differential and comprising a rear exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening or closing the rear exhaust outlet opening, in that the single exhaust outlet pipe has a side exhaust outlet opening for directing exhaust gas to a side of the commercial vehicle, the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member being arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening when the internal combustion engine operates in the normal operating mode and for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening when the internal combustion engine operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode. The invention is based on the insight that taking account of the usual dimensions of a commercial diesel motor vehicle the temperature of the exhaust gas during normal operating mode remains below values wherein the exhaust gas will damage or reduce the life time of vehicle components which come into contact with the exhaust gas. Consequently the simple mechanical construction of a single exhaust outlet pipe having a rear exhaust outlet opening positioned between the front axle assembly and the rear axle assembly and directed to the differential can be used to direct exhaust gas through the ambient environment to the differential to heat the lubrication fluid in the differential. In this manner the differential efficiency is increased and fuel consumption of the commercial diesel motor vehicle is reduced. It is observed that during normal operating mode a relatively low amount of exhaust leaves the side exhaust outlet opening of the single exhaust outlet pipe, so that heating of the lubrication fluid in the differential is not negatively influenced by exhaust leaving the side exhaust outlet opening of the single exhaust outlet pipe. During diesel particulate filter regeneration mode, however, the temperature of the exhaust gas can exceed values wherein damage or reduction of the life time of vehicle components which come into contact with the exhaust gas can occur. In order to prevent such damage or life time reduction in a relatively simple mechanical manner the invention provides for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening when the internal combustion engine operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode by means of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member, such that the hot exhaust gas is directed through the side exhaust outlet opening which directs hot exhaust gas to a side of the commercial vehicle via the side exhaust outlet opening during diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
In an embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle according to the invention the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member includes a rear outlet opening closure flap dimensioned to close the rear exhaust outlet opening, the rear outlet opening closure flap being hingedly attached to the single exhaust outlet pipe by a hinge having a hinge axis perpendicular to the extension direction. By means a such a rear outlet opening closure flap the rear exhaust outlet opening can be closed in a relatively simple constructive manner. Preferably, the hinge is a spring biased hinge. By using a spring-biased hinge opening and closing of the exhaust outlet openings can only be realized when a force is exerted on the hinge which overcomes the spring bias, thus preventing untimely opening and closing of the exhaust outlet openings for example during driving on a bumpy road. In an alternative embodiment the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member comprises a rear exhaust outlet opening closure valve internally positioned within the single exhaust outlet pipe for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening.
In another embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle according to the invention the single exhaust outlet pipe further comprises a side exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening or closing the side exhaust outlet opening, the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member and the side exhaust outlet closure member being arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening and closing the side exhaust outlet opening, respectively, when the internal combustion engine operates in the normal operating mode and being arranged for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening and opening the side exhaust outlet opening, respectively, when the internal combustion engine operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode. By using a side exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening or closing the side exhaust outlet opening it is during normal operating mode possible to close the side exhaust outlet opening of the single exhaust outlet pipe so that all the exhaust can be used for efficient heating of the lubrication fluid in the differential.
In an embodiment of a commercial vehicle according to the invention the side exhaust outlet opening is provided near a free end of the single exhaust outlet pipe, the side exhaust outlet opening closure member including a side outlet opening closure dimensioned to close the side exhaust outlet opening. Preferably, the side outlet opening closure flap is fixedly attached to the rear outlet opening closure flap. In this manner a particularly mechanical simple and robust manner is provided for simultaneously operating the opening (or closing, respectively) of the rear exhaust outlet opening and the closing (or opening, respectively) of the side exhaust outlet opening by the respective flaps.
In a further embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle according to the invention the exhaust system comprises an electro- mechanical or pneumatic drive unit, and the engine control unit is arranged for controlling the electro-mechanical or pneumatic drive unit for displacing the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening is opened to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening is closed, and for simultaneously controlling the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure member from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening is opened, and vice versa. In this manner the engine control unit can operate the exhaust opening closure members at the same time as it controls the internal combustion engine in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode. In a further embodiment for operating the exhaust opening closure members the engine control unit can optionally also take the speed of the commercial diesel motor vehicle into account.
In an alternative embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle according to the invention the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member and the side exhaust outlet opening closure member are arranged such that the displacement of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening is opened to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening is closed, and the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure member from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening is opened, and vice versa, is effected in dependence of a value of an exhaust mass-flow flowing through the single exhaust outlet pipe and the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap and the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap. This embodiment of the invention in which the exhaust outlet opening closure members are passively operated, i.e. not under direct control of the engine control unit, is based on the insight that during the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode at low speed or stand still of the commercial diesel motor vehicle the exhaust mass-flow through the single exhaust outlet pipe has a value which is lower than the exhaust mass-flow through the single exhaust outlet pipe during the normal operation mode. By appropriately matching the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap and the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap, wherein the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap can be different from the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap, the side exhaust outlet opening can be closed and the rear exhaust outlet opening can be opened during the normal operation mode of the internal combustion engine, while the side exhaust outlet opening can be opened and the rear exhaust outlet opening can be closed during the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode of the internal combustion engine. In other words, the exhaust mass-flow controls the opening and closing of the respective exhaust gas outlet openings. At higher speeds of the commercial diesel motor vehicle the load of the diesel motor engine is higher as a result of which the exhaust mass- flow is higher. Since at such higher speeds of the commercial diesel motor vehicle the driving wind causes cooling of the exhaust gases, the exhaust gases can be allowed to be directed to the differential.
In a still further embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle according to the invention the single exhaust outlet pipe is positioned under an angle a with regard to a horizontal driving surface of the commercial diesel motor vehicle, wherein the angle a has a value between 15° and 35°, preferably the angle is 25°. In case the distance between the front and rear axle assemblies of the commercial diesel motor vehicle is too short to position the rear exhaust outlet opening at a safe distance from the differential in order to ensure that overheating of the lubrication fluid is prevented, positioning of the single exhaust outlet pipe under such an angle prevents that the exhaust gas directly heats the differential and ensures that heating takes place indirectly, for example by reflecting the exhaust gas from the horizontal driving surface, as a result of which the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered before reaching the differential. Thereby overheating of the differential is prevented. Positioning of the single exhaust outlet pipe under such an angle can also be considered in case the total construction of the commercial diesel motor vehicle does not allow a horizontal arrangement of the single exhaust outlet pipe.
In a still further embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle according to the invention the single exhaust pipe extends parallel to the drive shaft. Alternatively the single exhaust pipe extends under an angle 6 to the drive shaft, wherein the angle 6 has a value between 15° and 35°. Preferably, the distance of the rear exhaust outlet opening to the differential has a value between 1300 mm and 1700 mm.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the Figures, in which non-limiting exemplary embodiments of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention are shown:
Fig. 1 schematically shows a bottom view of an embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention;
Fig. 2 schematically shows a side view of the embodiment of the commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine as shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 schematically shows a first embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention with a rear exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening/closing the rear exhaust outlet opening and an open side exhaust opening in perspective;
Fig. 4 schematically shows the first embodiment as shown in Figure 3 in a top view; Fig. 5 schematically shows a second embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention wherein an electro-mechanical drive unit controls rear and side exhaust outlet opening closure members; and
Fig. 6 schematically shows a third embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine according to the invention wherein the exhaust mass-flow controls the rear and side exhaust outlet opening closure members.
In Fig. 1 an embodiment of a commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 comprising an internal combustion engine 2 is schematically shown in a bottom view. The commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 further comprises a chassis 3 coupled to a front axle assembly 4 and a rear axle assembly 5. The front axle assembly 4 is connected to and supported by front wheels 6A, 6B and the rear axle assembly 5 is connected to and supported by rear wheels 7A-7D. It is observed that the invention is not restricted to a commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 comprising the number of wheels shown in Figure 1, but that the commercial diesel motor vehicle can comprise any suitable other number of wheels.
A drive shaft 8 is operatively connected to the internal combustion engine 2 and via a differential 9 of the rear axle assembly 5 drives the rear wheels 7A-7D in rotation.
An exhaust system 10 of the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 is in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine 2 for receiving exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 2. The exhaust system 10 comprises a single exhaust outlet pipe 11 and an exhaust-gas after treatment unit 12 including a diesel particulate filter 13.
An engine control unit 14 is included in the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 for controlling the operation modes of the internal combustion engine 2. For diesel engines, to which the present invention relates, the operation modes include a normal operating mode and a diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
As indicated in Figures 1 and 2, the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 has a rear exhaust outlet opening 15 positioned between the front axle assembly 4 and the rear axle assembly 5. The single exhaust outlet pipe 11 extends in an extension direction 22 (see Figures 3 to 6) towards the differential 9 up to a distance D from the differential 9, such that the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is positioned at the distance D from the differential 9. In the shown embodiment, the distance D of the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 to the differential 9 has a value between 1300 mm and 1700 mm.
In a first embodiment more detailed shown in Figures 3 and 4, the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 further comprises a rear exhaust outlet opening closure member for opening or closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15. In addition to the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 has a side exhaust outlet opening 18 for directing exhaust gas to a side of the commercial vehicle 1. In the first embodiment the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is constant open. In a second embodiment, shown in Figure 5 and a third embodiment shown in Figure 6 the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 also comprises a side exhaust outlet opening closure member 17 for opening or closing the side exhaust outlet opening 18.
In Figures 1 and 2, the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member
16 and the side exhaust outlet closure member 17 are indicated by a box 16,
17 and a detailed description of embodiments thereof will be described with reference to Figures 3 to 6 below.
In the first embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4 the exhaust system 10 only comprises the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 for opening or closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15. The rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 is arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 when the internal combustion engine 2 operates in the normal operating mode and for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 when the internal combustion engine 2 operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode. The side exhaust outlet opening 18 for directing exhaust gas to a side of the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 can remain open during both the normal operating mode and the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode, and thus in this first embodiment the exhaust system 10 does not comprise a side exhaust outlet closure member.
The second and third embodiments of the invention in which the exhaust system 10 comprises both the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 and the side exhaust outlet closure member will now be explained with reference to Figures 5 and 6.
In both the second and the third embodiment the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 and the side exhaust outlet closure member 17 are arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 and closing the side exhaust outlet opening 18, respectively, when the internal combustion engine 2 operates in the normal operating mode and are arranged for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 and opening the side exhaust outlet opening 18, respectively, when the internal combustion engine 2 operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
The rear exhaust outlet opening closure member 16 includes a rear outlet opening closure flap 19 dimensioned to close the rear exhaust outlet opening 15. The rear outlet opening closure flap 19 is hingedly attached to the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 by a hinge 20 having a hinge axis 21 perpendicular to the extension direction 22. As can be seen in Figures 5 and 6 the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is provided near a free end 11A of the single exhaust outlet pipe 11. The side exhaust outlet opening closure member 17 includes a side outlet opening closure flap 23 fixedly attached to the rear outlet opening closure flap 19. The side outlet opening closure flap 23 is dimensioned to at least close the side exhaust outlet opening 18. In the embodiment shown in Figure 5 the exhaust system 10 comprises an electro-mechanical or pneumatic drive unit 24 controlled by the engine control unit 14. The engine control unit 14 is arranged for controlling the electro-mechanical or pneumatic drive unit 24 for displacing the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is opened, during the normal operative mode, to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is closed during the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode. Since the side outlet opening closure flap 23 is fixedly attached to the rear outlet opening closure flap 19, the engine control unit 14 then simultaneously controls the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23 from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is opened, and vice versa.
The third embodiment of the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 is shown in Figure 6. In this embodiment the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 and the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23 are arranged such that the displacement of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is opened to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 is closed, and the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23 from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening 18 is opened, and vice versa, is effected in dependence of a value of an exhaust mass-flow flowing through the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 and the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 and the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23. During the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode the exhaust mass-flow through the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 has a value which is lower than the exhaust mass-flow through the single exhaust outlet pipe during the normal operation mode. By appropriately matching the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19, indicated by the additional mass 19A, and the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23, the side exhaust outlet opening 18 can be closed and the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 can be opened during the normal operation mode of the internal combustion engine, while the side exhaust outlet opening 18 can be opened and the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 can be closed during the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode of the internal combustion engine 2. In other words, the exhaust mass-flow controls the opening and closing of the respective exhaust gas outlet openings 15, 18. Please note that appropriately matching of the masses of the exhaust openings closure flaps 19, 23 can also be realized by dimensioning the flaps 19, 23 larger than the respective exhaust outlet openings 15, 18, for example by providing the flaps with a specific shape. It is observed that the mass of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 can be different from the mass of the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23, in dependence of the values of the exhaust mass- flow specific to the internal combustion engine 2. The rear exhaust outlet opening closure flap 19 and the side exhaust outlet opening closure flap 23 can made as separate flaps which are welded together or can be formed as an integral flap unit.
In an alternative not shown embodiment the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member and/or the side exhaust outlet opening closure member can in stead of a flap comprise a rear exhaust outlet opening closure valve or a side exhaust outlet opening closure valve, respectively, which valves are internally positioned within the single exhaust outlet pipe for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening or the side exhaust outlet opening, respectively.
In most embodiments of a commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 the extension direction 22 of the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 can be parallel to a horizontal driving surface R, such as a road (see Figure 2, which only shows the components of the commercial diesel motor engine relevant to this embodiment). In case the distance between the front and rear axle assemblies 4, 5 of the commercial diesel motor vehicle 1 is too short to position the rear exhaust outlet opening 15 at a safe distance from the differential 9 in order to ensure that overheating of the lubrication fluid is prevented, positioning of the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 such that the extension direction of the single exhaust outlet pipe 11 is positioned under an angle a with regard to a horizontal driving surface R, wherein the angle a has a value between 15° and 35°, prevents that the exhaust gas directly heats the differential 9. In this manner heating takes place indirectly, for example by reflecting of the exhaust gas from the horizontal driving surface R, as a result of which the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered before reaching the differential 9. Thereby overheating of the differential 9 is prevented. In Figure 1 two different embodiments of an orientation of the single exhaust pipe 11 with regard to the drive shaft 8 are shown. One embodiment is shown with solid lines, in which extends the single exhaust pipe 11 extends parallel to the drive shaft 8. Another embodiment is indicated by dashed lines wherein the single exhaust pipe 11 extends under an angle 6 to the drive shaft 8, wherein the angle 6 has a value between 15° and 35°.

Claims

1. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) comprising:
- a chassis (3);
- an internal combustion engine (2);
- a drive shaft operatively connected to the internal combustion engine (2);
- a front axle assembly (4) connected to and supported by front wheels;
- a rear axle assembly (5) connected to and supported by rear wheels, the rear axle assembly (5) including a differential (9), wherein the chassis (3) is coupled to the front and rear axle assemblies (4, 5);
- an exhaust system (10) in fluid communication with the internal combustion engine (2), the exhaust system (10) comprising a single exhaust outlet pipe (11) and an exhaust-gas after treatment unit (12) including a diesel particulate filter (13); and
- an engine control unit (14) for controlling the operation modes of the internal combustion engine (2), the operation modes including a normal operating mode and a diesel particulate filter regeneration mode, characterized in that the single exhaust outlet pipe (11) has a rear exhaust outlet opening (15) positioned between the front axle assembly (4) and the rear axle assembly (5), the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) being positioned at a distance from the differential (9), the single exhaust outlet pipe (11) extending in an extension direction (22) towards the differential (9) and comprising a rear exhaust outlet opening closure member (16) for opening or closing the rear exhaust outlet opening (15), in that the single exhaust outlet pipe (11) has a side exhaust outlet opening (18) for directing exhaust gas to a side of the commercial diesel motor vehicle (1), the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member (16) being arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) when the internal combustion engine (2) operates in the normal operating mode and for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) when the internal combustion engine (2) operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
2. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member (16) includes a rear outlet opening closure flap (19) dimensioned to close the rear exhaust outlet opening (15), the rear outlet opening closure flap (19) being hingedly attached to the single exhaust outlet pipe (11) by a hinge (20) having a hinge axis (21) perpendicular to the extension direction (22).
3. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the single exhaust outlet pipe (11) comprising a side exhaust outlet opening closure member (17) for opening or closing the side exhaust outlet opening (18), the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member (16) and the side exhaust outlet closure member (17) being arranged for opening the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) and closing the side exhaust outlet opening (18), respectively, when the internal combustion engine (2) operates in the normal operating mode and being arranged for closing the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) and opening the side exhaust outlet opening (18), respectively, when the internal combustion engine (2) operates in the diesel particulate filter regeneration mode.
4. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the side exhaust outlet opening (18) is provided near a free end (11 A) of the single exhaust outlet pipe (11), the side exhaust outlet opening closure member (17) including a side outlet opening closure flap (23) dimensioned to close the side exhaust outlet opening (18).
5. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in claim 2 and claim 4, wherein the side outlet opening closure flap (23) is fixedly attached to the rear outlet opening closure flap (19).
6. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the exhaust system (10) comprises an electro-mechanical or pneumatic drive unit (24), and wherein the engine control unit (14) is arranged for controlling the electro-mechanical or pneumatic drive unit (24) for displacing the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member (16) from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) is opened to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) is closed, and for simultaneously controlling the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure member (17) from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening (18) is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening (18) is opened, and vice versa.
7. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in claim 3, wherein the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member (16) and the side exhaust outlet opening closure member (17) are arranged such that the displacement of the rear exhaust outlet opening closure member (16) from an open position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) is opened to a closed position in which the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) is closed, and the displacement of the side exhaust outlet opening closure member (17) from a closed position in which the side exhaust outlet opening (18) is closed to an open position in which the side exhaust outlet opening (18) is opened, and vice versa, is effected in dependence of a value of an exhaust mass-flow flowing through the single exhaust outlet pipe (11) and the mass of the rear outlet opening closure flap (19) and the mass of the side outlet opening closure flap (23).
8. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the single exhaust outlet pipe (11) is positioned under an angle (a) with regard to a horizontal driving surface (R) of the commercial diesel motor vehicle (1), wherein the angle (a) has a value between 15° and 35°, preferably the angle is 25°.
9. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the single exhaust pipe (11) extends parallel to the drive shaft (8).
10. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in any one of the claims 1 to 8, wherein the single exhaust pipe (11) extends under an angle (6) to the drive shaft (8), wherein the angle 6 has a value between 15° and 35°.
11. A commercial diesel motor vehicle (1) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance of the rear exhaust outlet opening (15) to the differential (9) has a value between 1300 mm and 1700 mm.
PCT/NL2021/050206 2020-03-31 2021-03-31 A commercial diesel motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine. WO2021201678A1 (en)

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NL2025246A NL2025246B1 (en) 2020-03-31 2020-03-31 A commercial diesel motor vehicle comprises an internal combustion engine.
NL2025246 2020-03-31

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012094101A1 (en) 2011-01-06 2012-07-12 Chrysler Group Llc Axle system
WO2013058683A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-25 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Vehicle exhaust gas diluting device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012094101A1 (en) 2011-01-06 2012-07-12 Chrysler Group Llc Axle system
WO2013058683A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-25 Volvo Lastvagnar Ab Vehicle exhaust gas diluting device

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