WO2021197174A1 - 接入点ap多链路设备发现方法及相关装置 - Google Patents

接入点ap多链路设备发现方法及相关装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021197174A1
WO2021197174A1 PCT/CN2021/082828 CN2021082828W WO2021197174A1 WO 2021197174 A1 WO2021197174 A1 WO 2021197174A1 CN 2021082828 W CN2021082828 W CN 2021082828W WO 2021197174 A1 WO2021197174 A1 WO 2021197174A1
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Prior art keywords
information
mld
reported
reporting
neighbor
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PCT/CN2021/082828
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
淦明
黄国刚
李伊青
周逸凡
狐梦实
梁丹丹
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202010763205.0A external-priority patent/CN113556720A/zh
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21779303.3A priority Critical patent/EP4124087A4/en
Priority to KR1020227037797A priority patent/KR20220160103A/ko
Priority to JP2022560030A priority patent/JP2023520069A/ja
Priority to BR112022019875A priority patent/BR112022019875A2/pt
Priority to AU2021248280A priority patent/AU2021248280B2/en
Publication of WO2021197174A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021197174A1/zh
Priority to US17/959,034 priority patent/US11902887B2/en
Priority to US18/473,542 priority patent/US20240015640A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a node AP multi-link device discovery method and related devices.
  • the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11ax standard is based on the existing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology. Further adopt Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) technology. OFDMA technology supports multiple nodes to send and receive data at the same time, thereby achieving multi-site diversity gain.
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • 6GHz the Federal Communications Commission
  • 802.11ax standard workers expanded the working range of 802.11ax devices from 2.4GHz, 5GHz to 2.4GHz, 5GHz and 6GHz in the 802.11ax project authorization request (PAR).
  • IEEE 802.11 next-generation WiFi protocol Extremely high throughput, EHT
  • EHT Extremely high throughput
  • 802.11ax devices that is, 2.4GHz, 5GHz and 6GHz frequency bands will be supported.
  • the supported bandwidth can exceed the maximum bandwidth supported at 5GHz of 160MHz, such as 320MHz.
  • IEEE 802.11ax next-generation WiFi-extremely high throughput can also increase the peak value through more streams, such as increasing the number of streams to 16 streams, and the cooperation of multiple frequency bands (2.4GHz, 5GHz and 6GHz). Throughput.
  • the peak throughput can also be improved by means of multiple channel cooperation, and the delay of service transmission can be reduced.
  • multi-frequency bands or multi-channels are collectively referred to as multi-link.
  • 802.11ax and previous WiFi in the same working frequency band are configured with multiple links, in general, each multiple link establishes a different Basic Service Set (BSS), and only one link can follow this link at a time. Station communication in the BSS to which the link belongs.
  • BSS Basic Service Set
  • the main function is to virtualize multiple logical APs on a physical AP, that is to say, form multiple virtual networks.
  • the virtual network is used to manage different sites separately, similar to the current AP product in the WIFI scenario, an AP can virtualize a home AP (home AP) and a customer AP (guest AP).
  • the embodiment of the application discloses an AP multi-link device discovery method and related devices, which can better perform link discovery.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an AP multi-link device discovery method, which includes:
  • the reporting AP sends a first management frame to the station, where the first management frame carries information about neighbor APs, and the reporting AP belongs to an AP multi-link device,
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes one or more of the first information, the second information, and the third information, where;
  • the first information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or whether the reported AP and the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set;
  • the second information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set;
  • the third information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the information of the MLD where the AP is reported and the information of the Multiple BSSID set is carried in the simplified neighbor report element of the first management frame, so that the station that receives the first management frame can use these information Know the basic situation of each reported AP in the MLD and Multiple BSSID sets, so as to better select the appropriate AP from the reporting AP and the reported AP for association.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an AP multi-link device discovery method, which includes:
  • the station receives the report AP to send a first management frame, where the first management frame carries information about neighbor APs, and the report AP belongs to an AP multi-link device,
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes one or more of the first information, the second information, and the third information, where;
  • the first information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or whether the reported AP and the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set;
  • the second information is used to indicate whether the reported AP belongs to the same multi-BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs;
  • the third information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the information of the MLD where the AP is reported and the information of the Multiple BSSID set is carried in the simplified neighbor report element of the first management frame, so that the station that receives the first management frame can use these information Know the basic information of each reported AP in the MLD and Multiple BSSID sets, so as to better select the appropriate AP from the reporting AP and the reported AP for association.
  • an AP multi-link device discovery apparatus which includes:
  • the sending unit is configured to send a first management frame to a station, where the first management frame carries information of neighbor APs, and the report AP belongs to an AP multi-link device,
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes one or more of the first information, the second information, and the third information, where;
  • the first information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or whether the reported AP and the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set;
  • the second information is used to indicate whether the reported AP belongs to the same multi-BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs;
  • the third information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the information of the MLD where the AP is reported and the information of the Multiple BSSID set is carried in the simplified neighbor report element of the first management frame, so that the station that receives the first management frame can use these information Know the basic information of each reported AP in the MLD and Multiple BSSID sets, so as to better select the appropriate AP from the reporting AP and the reported AP for association.
  • an AP multi-link device discovery device which includes:
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive a first management frame sent by a reporting AP, where the first management frame carries information of neighbor APs, and the reporting AP belongs to an AP multi-link device,
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes one or more of the first information, the second information, and the third information, where;
  • the first information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or whether the reported AP and the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set;
  • the second information is used to indicate whether the reported AP belongs to the same multi-BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs;
  • the third information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the information of the MLD where the AP is reported and the information of the Multiple BSSID set is carried in the simplified neighbor report element of the first management frame, so that the station that receives the first management frame can use these information Know the basic situation of each reported AP in the MLD and Multiple BSSID sets, so as to better select the appropriate AP from the reporting AP and the reported AP for association.
  • the neighbor AP information further includes fourth information, where the fourth information is used to indicate that the information is reported Whether the AP belongs to a multi-BSSID set.
  • the neighbor AP information further includes eighth information, where the eighth information includes reported The MLD sequence number of the MLD to which the AP belongs.
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes the eighth information.
  • the The information of the neighbor AP includes the eighth information.
  • the neighbor AP information further includes ninth information, where the ninth information includes the reported The multi-BSSID set sequence number of the multi-BSSID set to which the AP belongs.
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes the ninth information.
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes the ninth information.
  • the neighbor AP information further includes fifth information, and the fifth information is used to indicate the reported The link ID of the AP.
  • the neighbor AP information further includes one or more of the sixth information and the seventh information, where :
  • the sixth information is used to indicate the link identifier of the reporting AP and/or the MAC address of the MLD where the reporting AP is located;
  • the sixth information is located in the MLD element of the first management frame
  • the reporting AP in the AP MLD sends the first management frame on the link where it works, and the first management frame carries the MLD element.
  • the MLD element includes MLD common information, and does not carry sub-element information corresponding to each AP, and the MLD common information includes at least one of an MLD MAC address, a link identifier, and an MLD sequence number.
  • the MLD sequence number is used to indicate the sequence number of an AP MLD, which is the same as the MLD sequence number indicated by the eighth information in the Reduced Neighbor Report element (RNR element) in the first management frame.
  • RNR element Reduced Neighbor Report element
  • the seventh information is used to indicate whether the first management frame carries the information of all the first reported APs, or is used to indicate whether the management frame carries the information of all the first reported APs and all the first reported APs Information about the members in the multi-BSSID set where the first reported AP is the AP member other than the reporting AP in the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs.
  • the neighbor AP information is carried in a simplified neighbor report element or a neighbor report element.
  • the first management frame is a beacon frame or a probe response frame.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an AP multi-link device discovery method, which includes:
  • the reporting AP sends a second management frame to the station, the second management frame carries information about neighbor APs, the reporting AP belongs to an AP multi-link device, and the neighbor AP information includes first information, and the first information includes One or more of the following:
  • the reported AP and the previously reported AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the neighbor report element of the second management frame carries information about the MLD where the AP is reported, so that the station receiving the second management frame can learn the basic MLD of each reported AP based on this information. Circumstances, it is better to choose from neighboring APs as the candidate AP when the site switches BSS.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an AP multi-link device discovery method, which includes:
  • the station receives a second management frame sent by the reporting AP, the second management frame carries information about neighbor APs, the reporting AP belongs to an AP multilink device, and the neighbor AP information includes first information, and the first information Including one or more of the following:
  • the reported AP and the previously reported AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the neighbor report element of the second management frame carries information about the MLD where the AP is reported, so that the station receiving the second management frame can learn the basic MLD of each reported AP based on this information. Circumstances, it is better to choose from neighboring APs as the candidate AP when the site switches BSS.
  • an AP multi-link device discovery device which includes:
  • the sending unit is configured to send a second management frame to the station, where the second management frame carries information about neighbor APs, the report AP belongs to an AP multi-link device, and the neighbor AP information includes first information,
  • One information includes one or more of the following:
  • the reported AP and the previously reported AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the neighbor report element of the second management frame carries information about the MLD where the AP is reported, so that the station receiving the second management frame can learn the basic MLD of each reported AP based on this information. Circumstances, it is better to choose from neighboring APs as the candidate AP when the site switches BSS.
  • an AP multi-link device discovery device which includes:
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive a second management frame sent by the reporting AP, the second management frame carrying information about neighboring APs, the reporting AP belongs to an AP multilink device, and the neighboring AP information includes the first information, so
  • the first information includes one or more of the following:
  • the reported AP and the previously reported AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the neighbor report element of the second management frame carries information about the MLD where the AP is reported, so that the station receiving the second management frame can learn the basic MLD of each reported AP based on this information. Circumstances, it is better to choose from neighboring APs as the candidate AP when the site switches BSS.
  • the neighbor AP information further includes second information, and the second information includes the location of the reported AP.
  • the MAC address of the AP multi-link device MLD, the number of APs contained in the AP multi-link device MLD where the reported AP is located, the number of APs in the AP multi-link device MLD where the reported AP is located Simultaneously send and receive one or more of the STR capability indication, the link identifier corresponding to the reported AP, and the AP multi-link device MLD where the reported AP is located, except for the reported AP. item.
  • the neighbor AP information also includes the Second information.
  • the second information specifically includes the MAC address of the AP multi-link device MLD where the reported AP is located.
  • the fifth aspect, the sixth aspect, the seventh aspect, or the eighth aspect in the AP multi-link device where the reported AP is located, in other APs except the reported AP
  • the information of each AP is carried in a neighbor report element.
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes an operation set, channel number, and BSSID, and the information of the neighbor AP is carried by the neighbor Reporting elements.
  • the information of the neighbor AP includes a link identifier, and the information of the neighbor AP is carried in a neighbor report element.
  • the first information is specifically carried in a reserved field of the BSSID information field of the neighbor report element or the neighbor report element is simplified middle.
  • the second information is specifically carried in an optional sub-element field of the neighbor report element.
  • the second management frame is a beacon frame, a probe response frame, an association response frame, and a re-association response frame, Or authentication frame.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a fast BSS handover method, which includes:
  • the fast handover request frame and the fast handover response frame include first address information, where the first address information includes the MAC address of the MLD where the station sending the fast handover request frame is located and the target AP The MAC address of the MLD where it is located.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a fast BSS handover method, which includes:
  • the current access point AP receives a fast handover request frame sent by the station, where the fast handover request frame is used to request handover to a target AP, and the target AP belongs to an AP in an AP multi-link device MLD;
  • the current AP sends a fast handover response frame to the station, where the fast handover response frame includes the first address information.
  • the fast handover request frame and the fast handover response frame include first address information, where the first address information includes the MAC address of the MLD where the station sending the fast handover request frame is located and the target AP The MAC address of the MLD where it is located.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a fast BSS handover device, which includes:
  • the sending unit is configured to send a fast handover request frame to the associated current access point AP, where the fast handover request frame is used to request handover to a target AP, and the target AP belongs to an AP in an AP multi-link device MLD ;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive a fast handover response frame sent by the current AP, where the fast handover response frame includes the first address information.
  • the fast handover request frame and the fast handover response frame include first address information, where the first address information includes the MAC address of the MLD where the station sending the fast handover request frame is located and the target AP The MAC address of the MLD where it is located.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a fast BSS handover device, which includes:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a fast handover request frame sent by a station, where the fast handover request frame is used to request handover to a target AP, and the target AP belongs to an AP in an AP multi-link device MLD;
  • the sending unit is configured to send a fast handover response frame to the station, where the fast handover response frame includes the first address information.
  • the fast handover request frame and the fast handover response frame include first address information, where the first address information includes the MAC address of the MLD where the station sending the fast handover request frame is located and the target AP The MAC address of the MLD where it is located.
  • the station that sends the fast handover request frame and fast handover response frame in the first address information The MAC address of the MLD where it is located is carried in the site address field; the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located in the first address information is carried in the target AP address field.
  • the thirteenth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium in which computer program codes are stored, and when the computer program runs on a processor, the processor Implement any one of the above-mentioned first, second, fifth, sixth, ninth, tenth aspect and the method in the corresponding possible implementation manner.
  • the fourteenth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product that stores a computer program (instruction) executed by the above-mentioned processor, and when the computer program runs on the processor, the processing
  • the device executes any one of the above-mentioned first aspect, second aspect, fifth aspect, sixth aspect, ninth aspect, tenth aspect and the method in the corresponding possible implementation manner.
  • the fifteenth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication device, which includes a processor, and may also include a transceiver and a memory.
  • the transceiver is used to send and receive information or to communicate with other network elements;
  • the memory Used to store computer programs (instructions);
  • the processor is used to execute the computer programs to support the communication device to implement any of the above-mentioned first, second, fifth, sixth, ninth, and tenth aspects
  • the processor is used to execute the computer programs to support the communication device to implement any of the above-mentioned first, second, fifth, sixth, ninth, and tenth aspects
  • the sixteenth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication device, which may exist in the form of a chip product.
  • the structure of the device includes a processor and may also include a memory for coupling with the processor, Save the necessary programs (instructions) and data of the device, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory to support the communication device to execute the above-mentioned first aspect, second aspect, fifth aspect, sixth aspect, ninth aspect, Any aspect of the tenth aspect and the method in the corresponding possible implementation manner.
  • the memory may be located in the processor and be internal storage, and the processor may also be located outside the processor, coupled and linked with the processor, and be external storage.
  • the seventeenth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a communication device that can exist in the form of a chip product.
  • the structure of the device includes a processor and an interface circuit, and the processor is used to communicate with other devices through a receiving circuit. , So that the device executes any one of the foregoing first aspect, second aspect, fifth aspect, sixth aspect, ninth aspect, tenth aspect and the method in the corresponding possible implementation manner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2 (a) is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-link device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2(b) is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-link device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2(c) is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-link device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of a multi-link communication provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of another multi-link communication provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 3(c) is a schematic diagram of the format of a neighbor report element provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 3(d) is a schematic diagram of the format of a simplified neighbor report element provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 3(e) is a schematic diagram of the format of a TBTT information field provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of interaction of an AP multi-link device discovery method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an MLD-based Multiple BSSID aggregation framework provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another MLD-based Multiple BSSID aggregation framework provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another MLD-based Multiple BSSID aggregation framework provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8(a) is a schematic diagram of another format of the TBTT information field provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8(b) is a schematic diagram of another format of the TBTT information field provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8(c) is a schematic diagram of another format of the TBTT information field provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of interaction of another AP multi-link device discovery method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the format of yet another neighbor report element provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is an interactive schematic diagram of a method for fast BSS handover based on a DS system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 12 is an interactive schematic diagram of a method for fast BSS handover based on a wireless air interface provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a field format of an FT request action frame provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another FT request action frame field format provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the composition of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an MLD element provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of another MLD element provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method applied to a wireless communication system.
  • the wireless communication system may be a wireless local area network (WLAN) or a cellular network.
  • the method may be implemented by a communication device in the wireless communication system or a chip or processor in the communication device.
  • the communication device may be a kind of support
  • a wireless communication device that transmits multiple links in parallel is, for example, called a multi-link device (multi-link device) or a multi-band device (multi-band device).
  • the communication device supports the use of IEEE 802.11 series of protocols for communication.
  • the IEEE 802.11 series of protocols include: 802.11be, 802.11ax, or 802.11a/b/g/n/ac.
  • Multi-link device also called multi-band device (multi-band device).
  • a multi-link device MLD includes one or more subordinate sites, and the subordinate sites are logical sites. "Multi-link devices include subordinate sites” are also briefly described as “multi-link devices include sites” in the embodiments of this application. .
  • the station to which it belongs can be an access point (Access Point, AP) or a non-access point station (non-Access Point Station, non-AP STA).
  • this application refers to a multi-link device whose site is an AP can be called a multi-link AP or an AP multi-link device or an AP multi-link device (AP multi-link device), and the subordinate site is a non-
  • the multi-link device of the AP STA may be called a multi-link STA or a multi-link STA device or an STA multi-link device (STA multi-link device).
  • Multi-link device MLD can follow the 802.11 series of protocols to achieve wireless communication, for example, follow Extremely High Throughput (EHT), or follow 802.11be-based or compatible support 802.11be, so as to achieve communication with other devices, of course others
  • EHT Extremely High Throughput
  • the device can be a multi-link device or not a multi-link device.
  • Each logical station can work on a link, but multiple logical stations are allowed to work on the same link.
  • the link identifier mentioned below represents a station working on a link, that is, if one If there are more than one logical station on the link, more than one link identifier is required to characterize them.
  • the link identifier mentioned below sometimes also indicates the station working on the link.
  • the corresponding relationship between the stations on the road or the management frame broadcast by the AP multi-link device indicates the corresponding relationship between the link identifier and a link or a station on a link. Therefore, in data transmission, there is no need to transmit a large amount of signaling information to indicate a link or a station on the link, and it is sufficient to carry a link identifier, which reduces signaling overhead and improves transmission efficiency.
  • the management frame sent such as a beacon frame
  • each link identification information field can suggest a link identification Correspondence with stations working on a link.
  • Each link identification information field includes a link identification, and also includes one or more of MAC address, operation set, and channel number, where one or more of MAC address, operation set, and channel number can indicate a link
  • the AP multi-link device and the STA multi-link device negotiate multiple link identification information fields.
  • the AP multi-link device or STA multi-link device will use the link identifier to characterize a station in the multi-link device.
  • the link identifier can also characterize the MAC address of the station and the working set of operations.
  • the MAC address can also be replaced with the association identifier of the AP multi-link device after the association.
  • the link identification (is a numeric ID)
  • the meaning of the characterization includes not only the operation set where the link is located, the channel number, but also the work on the link
  • the site ID on the site such as the MAC address or AID of the site.
  • Fig. 1 uses a wireless local area network as an example to introduce an application scenario diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
  • This application scenario includes: a first site 101 and a second site 102.
  • the first site 101 and the second site 102 can communicate with each other through multiple links, so as to achieve the effect of improving throughput.
  • the first site may be a multi-link device
  • the second site may be a single-link device or a multi-link device.
  • the first site 101 is an AP multi-link device
  • the second site 102 is an STA multi-link device or site (such as a single-link site); in another scenario, the first site 101 is an STA multi-link device Device, the second station 102 is an AP (such as a single-link AP) or an AP multi-link device.
  • the first site 101 is an AP multi-link device
  • the second site 102 is an AP multi-link device or AP
  • the first site 101 is an STA multi-link device
  • the second site 102 is an STA multi-link device or STA.
  • the wireless local area network may also include other devices.
  • the number and types of equipment illustrated in FIG. 1 are only exemplary.
  • FIGS 2(a) and 2(b) show schematic structural diagrams of AP multi-link devices and STA multi-link devices participating in communication.
  • the 802.11 standard focuses on the 802.11 physical layer (PHY) and media access control (MAC) layers in AP multi-link devices and STA multi-link devices (such as mobile phones and laptops).
  • PHY physical layer
  • MAC media access control
  • multiple APs included in an AP multi-link device are independent of each other at the Low MAC (Low MAC) layer and the PHY layer, and also independent at the High MAC (High MAC) layer; STA multi-link equipment The included multiple STAs are independent of each other at the low MAC (Low MAC) layer and the PHY layer, and also independent at the high MAC (High MAC) layer.
  • multiple APs included in the AP multi-link device are independent of each other at the Low MAC (Low MAC) layer and the PHY layer, and share the High MAC (High MAC) layer.
  • Multiple STAs included in the STA multi-link device are independent of each other at the Low MAC (Low MAC) layer and the PHY layer, and share the High MAC (High MAC) layer.
  • the STA multi-link device can adopt a structure that is independent of the high MAC layer, while the AP multi-link device adopts the structure shared by the high MAC layer; it can also be the STA multi-link device adopts the structure shared by the high MAC layer, and there are many APs.
  • the link equipment adopts a structure with a high MAC layer independent of each other.
  • the high MAC layer or the low MAC layer may be implemented by one processor in the chip system of the multi-link device, and may also be implemented by different processing modules in one chip system.
  • the multi-link device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device with a single antenna or a device with multiple antennas.
  • it can be a device with more than two antennas.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of antennas included in the multi-link device.
  • FIG. 2(c) uses the AP multi-link device as a multi-antenna and the STA multi-link device as an example of a single antenna.
  • the multi-link device may allow the same access type of service to be transmitted on different links, and even allow the same data packet to be transmitted on different links; it may also not allow the same access type of service Transmission on different links, but allows different access types of services to be transmitted on different links.
  • the frequency bands in which the multi-link device works may include but are not limited to: sub 1GHz, 2.4GHz, 5GHz, 6GHz and high frequency 60GHz.
  • Figures 3(a) and 3(b) show two schematic diagrams of multi-link devices communicating with other devices through multiple links in a wireless local area network.
  • Figure 3(a) shows a scenario where the AP multi-link device 101 communicates with the STA multi-link device 102.
  • the AP multi-link device 101 includes AP101-1 and AP101-2 subordinate to it, and the STA multi-link device 102 Including the subordinate STA102-1 and STA102-2, and the AP multi-link device 101 and the STA multi-link device 102 use link 1 and link 2 to communicate in parallel.
  • Figure 3(b) shows a scenario in which the AP multi-link device 101 communicates with the STA multi-link device 102, the STA multi-link device 103, and the STA 104.
  • the AP multi-link device 101 includes AP 101-1 to AP 101-1.
  • AP101-3 STA multi-link device 102 includes two subordinate STA102-1 and STA102-2
  • STA multi-link device 103 includes two subordinate STA103-1, STA103-2, STA103-3
  • STA104 is single chain
  • the AP multi-link device can use link 1 and link 3 to communicate with the STA multi-link device 102, link 2 and link 3 are used to communicate with the multi-link 103, and link 1 and STA 104 are used. Communication.
  • STA104 works in the 2.4GHz frequency band
  • STA multi-link equipment 103 includes STA103-1 and STA103-2, STA103-1 works in the 5 GHz frequency band, and STA103-2 works in the 6 GHz frequency band
  • STA multi-link equipment 102 includes STA102 -1 and STA102-2, STA102-1 works in the 2.4GHz frequency band, and STA102-2 works in the 6GHz frequency band.
  • the AP 101-1 working in the 2.4 GHz frequency band in the AP multi-link device can transmit uplink or downlink data between the STA 104 and the STA 102-2 in the STA multi-link device 102 through link 1.
  • the AP 101-2 working in the 5 GHz frequency band in the AP multi-link device can transmit uplink or downlink data between link 2 and the STA 103-1 working in the 5 GHz frequency band in the STA multi-link device 103.
  • AP101-3 working in the 6GHz frequency band in the AP multi-link device 101 can transmit uplink or downlink data between the STA102-2 working in the 6GHz frequency band in the STA multi-link device 102 through link 3, and also through link 3. It transmits uplink or downlink data with the STA103-2 in the STA multi-link device.
  • Figure 3(a) only shows that the AP multi-link device supports two frequency bands
  • Figure 3(b) only uses the AP multi-link device to support three frequency bands (2.4GHz, 5GHz, 6GHz).
  • Each frequency band corresponds to one link
  • the AP multi-link device 101 can work on one or more of link 1, link 2, or link 3 as an example for illustration.
  • the link On the AP side or the STA side, the link here can also be understood as a station working on the link.
  • AP multi-link devices and STA multi-link devices can also support more or fewer frequency bands, that is, AP multi-link devices and STA multi-link devices can work on more links or less.
  • this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the multi-link device is a device with wireless communication function.
  • the device may be a complete device, or a chip or processing system installed in the complete device.
  • the device is equipped with these chips or processing systems.
  • the methods and functions of the embodiments of the present application can be implemented under the control of these chips or processing systems.
  • the multi-link STA in the embodiment of the present application has a wireless transceiver function, may support 802.11 series protocols, and can communicate with a multi-link AP or other multi-link STAs or single-link devices, for example, a multi-link STA It is any user communication device that allows the user to communicate with the AP and then with the WLAN.
  • a multi-link STA can be a tablet computer, desktop, laptop, notebook computer, Ultra-mobile Personal Computer (UMPC), handheld computer, netbook, personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA) , Mobile phones and other user equipment that can be connected to the Internet, or Internet of Things nodes in the Internet of Things, or in-vehicle communication devices in the Internet of Vehicles, etc.
  • the multi-link STA can also be the chips and processing systems in these terminals.
  • the multi-link AP in the embodiment of the present application provides services for the multi-link STA, and can support the 802.11 series of protocols.
  • a multi-link AP may be a communication entity such as a communication server, a router, a switch, or a bridge, or the multi-link AP may include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, etc., of course, a multi-link AP is also It may be the chips and processing systems in these various forms of equipment, so as to realize the methods and functions of the embodiments of the present application.
  • multi-link devices can support high-speed and low-latency transmission.
  • multi-link devices can also be used in more scenarios, such as sensor nodes in smart cities (for example, Smart water meters, smart electricity meters, smart air detection nodes), smart devices in smart homes (such as smart cameras, projectors, display screens, TVs, stereos, refrigerators, washing machines, etc.), nodes in the Internet of Things, entertainment terminals (such as AR, VR and other wearable devices), smart devices in smart offices (such as printers, projectors, etc.), connected vehicles in the Internet of Vehicles, and some infrastructure in daily life scenarios (such as vending machines, supermarkets, etc.) Self-service navigation station, self-service cash register equipment, self-service ordering machine, etc.).
  • sensor nodes in smart cities for example, Smart water meters, smart electricity meters, smart air detection nodes
  • smart devices in smart homes such as smart cameras, projectors, display screens, TVs, stereos, refrigerators, washing machines, etc.
  • nodes in the Internet of Things entertainment terminals (such as AR, VR and other wearable devices)
  • smart devices in smart offices such as printer
  • the specific forms of the multi-link STA and the multi-link AP are not particularly limited, which are only exemplary descriptions here.
  • the 802.11 series of protocols may include: 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11a/b/g/n/ac, etc.
  • BSSID Basic Service Setidentifier
  • a multiple BSSID (multiple BSSID) set is a combination of some cooperative APs, and all the cooperative APs use the same operation set, channel number, and antenna interface.
  • the Multiple BSSID set there is only one AP with a Transmitted BSSID (transmission), and all other APs are APs with a Nontransmitted BSSID (non-transmission).
  • the information of the multiple BSSID set (that is, the Multiple BSSID element) is carried in the beacon frame or probe response frame or neighbor report sent by the Transmitted BSSID AP.
  • the BSSID information of the AP of the Nontransmitted BSSID is derived by receiving the above beacon frame or probe response frame, or the Multiple BSSID element in the neighbor report.
  • a physical AP can virtualize multiple logical APs, and each virtualized AP manages a BSS.
  • Different virtualized APs generally have different SSIDs and permissions, such as security mechanisms or transmission opportunities.
  • the virtual APs there is a virtual AP whose BSSID is configured as a transmitted BSSID.
  • This virtual AP can be called a transmitted AP, and the BSSIDs of other virtual APs are configured as non-ttransmitted BSSIDs.
  • the virtual AP may be called a non-transmitted AP.
  • multiple APs in a Multiple BSSID can also be understood as one AP device virtualizing multiple cooperative AP devices.
  • Probe Request frame sent by the STA is for one BSSID in the Multiple BSSID set (set), it is Nontransmitted BSSID At this time, the AP whose BSSID is TransmittedBSSID needs to help respond to the probe response frame.
  • the beacon frame sent by the AP whose BSSID is Transmitted BSSID includes Multiple BSSID elements, and other APs with Nontransmitted BSSID cannot send beacon frames.
  • the association identifiers (AIDs) assigned by multiple virtual APs to the stations they manage share a space, which means that the assigned AIDs of stations in multiple virtual BSSs cannot overlap.
  • the MultipleBSSID element is shown in Table 1, including element ID, length, maximum BSSID indication, and sub-elements, where the maximum BSSID indicates that the maximum number of BSSIDs included in the above Multiple BSSID set is n, and the optional sub-elements include Information about each non-transmitted BSSID.
  • the receiving end can calculate the value of each BSSID in the multi-BSSID set according to the reference BSSID, the maximum BSSID indication, and the sequence number of the BSSID.
  • Each BSSID includes 48 bits, of which the high (48-n) bit value of each BSSID in the multi-BSSID set Same as the value of the upper 48-n bits of the reference BSSID, the value of the lower n bits of each BSSID in the multi-BSSID set is the sum of the lower n of the reference BSSID and the BSSID serial number x value, and then take the modulo 2n,
  • the reference BSSID (that is, the Transmitted BSSID) is carried in the BSSID field in the MAC header of the frame (such as a beacon frame) containing the Multiple BSSID element, and the specific calculation method can refer to the 802.11-2016 standard protocol.
  • Child element ID name expand 0 Nontransmitted BSSID profile Not expandable 1-220 Reserve To 221 Vendor-specific Vendor definition 222-255 Reserve To
  • Nontransmitted BSSID profile includes one or more elements of AP or DMG STA with Nontransmitted BSSID
  • Nontransmitted BSSID profile includes but is not limited to the following elements:
  • Nontransmitted BSSID For each Nontransmitted BSSID, it needs to include the Nontransmitted BSSID capability element and multiple other elements in the beacon.
  • the Multiple BSSID-Index element includes a BSSID sequence number field.
  • the MultipleBSSID element is carried in the beacon, it also includes the FMS Descriptor element.
  • the Timestamp and Beacon Interval fields DSSS Parameter Set, IBSS Parameter Set, Country, and Channel Switch Notification (Channel Switch Announcement), Extended Channel Switch Announcement, Wide Bandwidth Channel Switch, Transmit Power Envelope, Supported Operating Classes, IBSS DFS , ERP Information (ERP Information), HT Capabilities (HT Capabilities), HT Operation (HT Operation), VHT Capabilities (VHT Capabilities), VHT Operation (VHT Operation), SIG Beacon Frame Compatibility (S1G Beacon Compatibility), SMS Beacon Frame interval (Short Beacon Interval), SIG Capabilities (S1G Capabilities), and SIG Operation (S1G Operation (11ah)) and other elements. These elements are usually the same as the element values of the transmitted BSSID AP.
  • NonInheriatance element which is the last element in the Nontransmitted BSSID profile.
  • Non-inherited elements include a series of ID numbers and element ID extension numbers of elements that the Nontransmitted BSSID cannot inherit from the transmitted BSSID. It is worth noting that the specific content of the element is omitted here, as shown in Table 3, including element ID, length, and element ID extension, element ID list, element ID extension list, where the element ID extension number only appears when the value of the element ID is 255.
  • a station If a station wants to associate with an AP to establish a connection, it first needs to scan to discover the existence of the AP. There are two forms of scanning: active scanning and passive scanning.
  • Passive scanning is a management frame sent by AP on the receiving channel, such as beacon frame, association response frame, reassociation response frame, authentication frame, detection response frame, etc.
  • the station jumps on different channels to search for the beacon frame sent by the AP.
  • the station can further obtain other additional information from the AP by interacting with a Probe Request frame and a Probe Response frame.
  • Active scanning means that the station can actively send a broadcast Probe Request frame without hearing the Beacon frame. If the AP that receives the probe request frame meets certain conditions, it can initiate random channel access to reply to the probe response frame. .
  • the AP will carry a Reduced Neighbor Report element in the management frame, for example, beacon frame (Beacon) and probe response frame (Probe response) to prevent the site from stopping Scan channels to reduce the scanning time of the site.
  • Beacon beacon frame
  • Probe response probe response frame
  • the AP can manage through BSS switching
  • the query frame (BSS Transition managementmen Query), or the BSS transition management request frame (BSS Transition management men Request), or the BSS transition management response frame (BSS Transition management men Response) carries a neighbor report element (Neighbor Report element) to tell the site that there are Which BSS and BSS related information are used to assist the site in BSS handover.
  • Neighbor Report element AP carries neighbor report elements in management frames, such as beacon frames, association response frames, reassociation response frames, authentication frames, and probe response frames.
  • management frames such as beacon frames, association response frames, reassociation response frames, authentication frames, and probe response frames.
  • the station scans the surface, it receives the management frame sent by the AP, and obtains the information of the surrounding APs based on the neighbor report elements therein, and then selects the appropriate AP for association.
  • the neighbor report element (Neighbor Report element) describes information about a neighbor AP and the BSS to which it belongs.
  • An AP can indicate related information of multiple neighbor APs by carrying multiple neighbor report elements.
  • Fig. 3(c) illustrates an indication format.
  • the neighbor report element may include the following fields.
  • BSSID field indicates the BSSID corresponding to the reported neighbor AP.
  • BSSID info (BSSID information) field indicates related information of the neighbor's BSSID.
  • Operating Class operation set
  • channel Number channel number
  • PHY Type (PHY type) field indicates the physical layer type of the AP corresponding to the neighbor BSSID.
  • Optional subelements (optional subelements) field: carries some optional subelements.
  • BSSID info (BSSID information) field, it carries the following information:
  • AP Reachability (AP reachability) field indicates whether the neighbor AP is reachable.
  • Security indicates whether the neighbor AP supports the same security configuration as the existing connection.
  • Key Scope field indicates whether the neighbor AP and the reporting AP are the same authenticator.
  • Capabilities field indicates some optional capability information of the neighbor AP.
  • Mobility domain field indicates whether the neighbor AP and the reporting AP are in the same mobility domain.
  • High Throughput field indicates that the HT capabilities element (carried in the optional subelement field) of the neighbor AP is the same as the HT capabilities element of the reporting AP.
  • Very High Throughput field indicates that the VHT capabilities element of the neighbor AP is the same as the VHT capabilities element of the reporting AP.
  • FTM (fine time measurement) field indicates whether the neighbor AP supports fine time measurement.
  • High Efficiency field indicates that the HE capabilities element of the neighbor AP is the same as the HE capabilities element of the reporting AP.
  • ER Extended Range
  • BSS Extended Range BSS field: indicates that the Beacon sent by the neighbor AP is sent in HE ER SU PPDU mode.
  • Collocated AP (co-located AP) field: indicates whether the neighbor AP and the reporting AP are co-located APs.
  • Unsolicited Probe Response Active indicates whether the neighboring AP opens an active probe response.
  • the ESS extended service set, extended service set where the 2.4/5GHz co-located AP is located
  • the ESS extended service set, extended service set
  • the 2.4/5GHz co-located AP is located
  • OCT supported with reporting AP indicates whether the neighbor AP supports the On-channel tunneling (OCT) mechanism to exchange management frame type MPDUs.
  • OCT On-channel tunneling
  • Co-located with 6GHz AP indicates whether the neighbor AP is co-located with a 6GHz AP.
  • Capabilities field it may also have the following information fields:
  • Spectrum management field indicates whether the neighbor AP supports the spectrum management function.
  • QoS field indicates whether the neighbor AP supports QoS mechanism.
  • APSD field indicates whether the neighbor AP supports automatic energy-saving transmission mechanism.
  • Radio Measurement field indicates whether the neighbor AP supports the wireless measurement function.
  • APs carry reduced neighbor report elements in management frames, such as beacon frames and probe response frames.
  • management frames such as beacon frames and probe response frames.
  • the station scans, it receives the management frame sent by the AP, and obtains the information of the surrounding APs based on the simplified neighbor report element, and then selects the appropriate AP for association.
  • the Reduced Neighbor Report element (Reduced Neighbor Report element) generally carries one or more Neighbor AP info fields, which are used to describe one or more neighbor APs and their respective BSS information, as shown in Figure 3(d)
  • An indication format is presented.
  • the simplified neighbor report element can include the following fields.
  • TBTT info Header target beacon transmission time (TBTT) information header
  • TBTT target beacon transmission time
  • TBTT info Field Type indicates the type of TBTT info (TBTT information). It indicates the format of the TBTT info field together with the TBTT info length field.
  • Filtered neighbor AP indicates whether the SSID of all BSSs carried in the Neighbor AP info (neighbor AP information) field matches the SSID in the Probe Request frame.
  • TBTT info count field indicates the number of TBTT info fields contained in the TBTT info set.
  • TBTT info Length (TBTT information length) field indicates the length of each TBTT info field.
  • the specific information format carried under different lengths is shown in Table 4:
  • TBTT info (TBTT information) field when the length of the TBTT information is 12 bytes:
  • Neighbor AP TBTT offset indicates the offset of the beacon transmission time between the neighbor AP and the reporting AP.
  • BSSID (BSS identifier) field indicates the BSS identifier corresponding to the neighbor AP.
  • Short SSID short service set identifier
  • BSS Parameter (BSS parameter) field indicates related parameters of neighbor APs, as shown in Figure 3(e), which contains the following information:
  • OCT recommended (recommended use of channel tunnel mechanism) field indicates that the neighbor AP expects to exchange management type MPDUs with it through the OCT mechanism.
  • Same SSID (same service set identifier) field: indicates whether the neighbor AP and the reporting AP have the same SSID.
  • Multiple BSSID Multiple Basic Service Set Identifier
  • Transmitted BSSID Transmitted Basic Service Set Identifier
  • Co-located with 2.4/5GHz AP and a member of the extended service set field: indicates whether the neighbor AP is co-located with a 2.4/5GHz AP (that is, whether it is a 6GHz only AP) And is a member of an extended service set.
  • Unsolicited Probe Response Active indicates whether the neighbor AP enables the active probe response.
  • Co-located AP (co-located AP) field: indicates whether the neighbor AP and the reporting AP are co-located.
  • the AP described in the neighbor report element (Neighbor Report element) or the reduced neighbor report element (Reduced Neighbor Report element) in the embodiment of this application is the reported AP (reported access point (AP): An AP that is described in an element such as a Neighbor Report element or a Reduced Neighbor Report element.
  • the neighbor APs mentioned later can be understood as the reported AP; the AP that sends the neighbor report element or reduces the neighbor report element is the reporting AP (reporting access point) (AP): An AP that is transmitting an element, such as a Neighbor Report element or a Reduced Neighbor Report element, describing a reported AP).
  • Figure 4 is an AP multi-link device discovery method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied between sites, between access points and sites, and between access points and access
  • the communication between the access point and the station is taken as an example for description in the following.
  • the method includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • Step S401 The access point AP sends a first management frame to the station.
  • the first management frame carries information for the station to discover the AP multi-link device, so that the station that receives the information can establish an association with the corresponding AP.
  • the first management frame may be a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or the like.
  • the first management frame may be sent by an AP multi-link device, or a reporting AP (reporting AP) in an AP multi-link device.
  • the station receiving the first management frame may be a station in a station multi-link device or a single-link station.
  • the station that sends the first management frame may also be a station, which belongs to a multi-link device MLD; receives the first management frame It can also be an access point, which belongs to an MLD, or a single link access point.
  • the reporting AP in the AP multi-link device sends the first management frame to the station as an example for illustration.
  • the AP multi-link device may include one logical AP, and switch work on multiple links respectively.
  • the AP multi-link device includes n logical APs, which work on n different links (links). Therefore, it can be represented by link identifiers link1, link2, ..., linkn, and each AP The MAC address is different.
  • An AP multilink device is identified by an MLD MAC address (address). It can also be said that the MAC address is used to identify the AP multilink device management entity (management entity).
  • the MAC address can be the same as one of the n logical APs included in the multi-link AP, or it can be different from the MAC addresses of the n logical APs.
  • the MAC address of the AP multi-link device is one
  • the public MAC address can identify the AP multi-link device.
  • one logical AP or multiple logical APs in the AP multi-link device may respectively belong to one or more multiple (Multiple) Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID) sets.
  • BSSID Basic Service Set Identifier
  • the multiple BSSID sets to which each logical AP in an AP multi-link device belongs are different.
  • the MAC address of a multi-link device is, for example, MLD1.
  • the multi-link device includes 3 logical APs, denoted as AP1, AP2, and AP3, where AP1, AP2, and AP3 are respectively Working on link 1 (link1), link 2 (link2) and link 3 (link3), the MAC addresses of AP1, AP2 and AP3 are BSSID_11, BSSID_21 and BSSID_31 respectively (before 802.11ax, the BSS established by AP BSSID is the MAC address of the AP, which may change in the future), where AP1 is a member of Multiple BSSID set 1, and Multiple BSSID set 1 also includes AP4 with MAC address BSSID_13; this AP2 is a member of Multiple BSSID set 2, Multiple BSSID Set 2 also includes AP5 with MAC address BSSID_22 and AP6 with MAC address BSSID_23; AP3 is a member of Multiple BSSID set
  • FIG. 6 illustrates the architecture in which the APs in the BSS identified by the Transmitted BSSID in multiple Multiple BSSID sets are not in the same AP multi-link device.
  • the AP in the BSS identified by the Transmitted BSSID can be called the Transmitted AP (Transmitted BSSID).
  • AP the AP in the BSS identified by the nontransmitted BSSID is called a nontransmitted AP (nontransmittedBSSID AP).
  • the AP whose MAC address identification ends with x is Transmitted BSSIDAP
  • the AP whose MAC address identification ends with y or z is Non-Transmitted BSSIDAP.
  • Transmitted BSSID AP in Multiple BSSID set 1 is AP1 with MAC address identification BSSID_1x
  • Multiple Non-Transmitted BSSID AP in BSSID set 1 is AP4 with MAC address identification BSSID_1y
  • Transmitted BSSID AP in Multiple BSSID set 2 is AP5 with MAC address identification BSSID_2x
  • non-Transmitted BSSID AP in Multiple BSSID set 2 includes address identification BSSID_2y AP2 and AP6 with MAC address identification BSSID_2z
  • Transmitted BSSIDAP in Multiple BSSID set 3 is AP3 with MAC address identification BSSID_3x
  • non-Transmitted BSSIDAP in Multiple BSSID set 3 includes AP7 and MAC address identification with MAC address identification BSSID_3y AP8 of BSSID_3z.
  • Transmitted BSSID APs that is, transmitting APs
  • Multiple BSSID sets are distributed in different AP multi-link devices, such as APs with MAC address BSSID-1x and APs with MAC address BSSID-2x AP is in AP multi-link device MLD1 and AP multi-link device MLD2, AP multi-link device AP multi-link device AP multi-link device.
  • FIG. 7 shows that the APs in the BSS identified by the Transmitted BSSID in multiple Multiple BSSID sets are from the same AP multi-link device.
  • the AP in the BSS identified by the Transmitted BSSID can be called the Transmitted AP (Transmitted BSSID AP)
  • the AP in the BSS identified by the nontransmitted BSSID is called a nontransmitted AP (nontransmittedBSSID AP).
  • the AP whose MAC address identification ends with x is Transmitted BSSIDAP
  • the AP whose MAC address identification ends with y or z is Non-Transmitted BSSIDAP.
  • Transmitted BSSID AP in Multiple BSSID set 1 is AP1 with MAC address identification BSSID_1x
  • Multiple Non-Transmitted BSSID AP in BSSID set 1 is AP4 with MAC address identification BSSID_1y
  • Transmitted BSSID AP in Multiple BSSID set 2 is AP2 with MAC address identification BSSID_2x
  • non-Transmitted BSSIDAP in Multiple BSSID set 2 includes MAC address identification as AP5 of BSSID_2y and AP6 with MAC address identification of BSSID_2z
  • Transmitted BSSIDAP in Multiple BSSID set 3 is AP3 with MAC address identification of BSSID_3x
  • non-Transmitted BSSIDAP in Multiple BSSID set 3 includes AP7 and MAC address with MAC address identification of BSSID_3y AP8 identified as BSSID_3z. It can be seen from FIG. 7 that the Transmitted BSSID AP (that is, the transmission AP) from different Multiple BSSID
  • the first management frame carries the information of neighbor APs.
  • the information of the neighbor AP is carried in the neighbor report element, or the reduced neighbor report element (Reduced Neighbor Report element).
  • this simplified neighbor report element needs to carry information about other APs in the AP multi-link device other than the reporting AP, such as the operation set of other APs, channel numbers, BSSID, ShortSSID, whether other APs belong to Multiple BSSID information, other APs Whether it belongs to one or more of the information about the Transmitted BSSID, if the other AP belongs to the Multiple BSSID set, it also includes the information of each AP in the Multiple BSSID set, and so on.
  • the neighbor AP is also referred to as the reported AP.
  • the Reduced Neighbor Report element includes the first information (or also called the Co-MLD field), the second information (or called the MLD Multiple BSSID field), and the third information (or called the Same MLD field) One or more of.
  • the first information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or whether the reported AP and the MLD member AP to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same Multiple BSSID set.
  • the field carrying the above-mentioned first information may be referred to as the first information field, and the first information field may also have other names, for example, a co-MLD (Co-MLD) field
  • Co-MLD co-MLD
  • the first information field may be set in the BSS parameter (BSS parameter) field of the simplified neighbor report element or the TBTT information field.
  • the Co-MLD field is a reserved bit (bit 7) of the BSS parameter (BSS parameter) field as an example for illustration.
  • the Co-MLD field The value of an indicator bit of the reporting AP is set to 1; if the reported AP and the reporting AP are not in the same MLD and the reported AP does not belong to the same Multiple BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs, then the value of this indicator bit is set to 0 .
  • Example 2 Whether the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD can be indicated by an indicator bit.
  • this indicator bit is set to 1 to indicate that the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD, and the value of the indicator bit is set 0 to indicate that the reported AP and the reporting AP are not in the same MLD.
  • whether the reported AP belongs to the same Multiple BSSID set as the member of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs can be indicated by another indicator bit.
  • the value of this indicator bit is set to 1 to indicate the reported AP and the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs. The members belong to the same Multiple BSSID set.
  • the value of this indicator bit is set to 0 to indicate that the reported AP does not belong to the same Multiple BSSID set as the member of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs.
  • the Co-MLD field is set to 1, indicating that the reported AP and the reporting AP Members in the same MLD or the MLD to which the reported AP and the reporting AP belong belong to the same Multiple BSSID set; conversely, if the reporting AP and the reporting AP are not in the same MLD or the reporting AP and the reporting AP belong to the MLD If the members belong to the same Multiple BSSID set, the Co-MLD field is set to 0, indicating that the reported AP and the reporting AP are not in the same MLD or the members of the reported AP and the MLD to which the reporting AP does not belong belong to the same Multiple BSSID set.
  • the TBTT information field may also include the MLD-Index field.
  • the MLD-index field carries the information of the MLD to which the reported AP and the reported AP belong. index or MAC address, indicating the MLD.
  • the TBTT information field may include the MLD-idex field, the MLD-index field may be set to a reserved value or other values, and of course, the MLD-index field may not be included. Other examples of the MLD-index field will be further explained in the subsequent sections.
  • the second information is used to indicate whether the reported AP belongs to the same Multiple BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs.
  • the field carrying the second information may be referred to as the second information field, and the second information field may have other names, for example, MLD Multiple BSSID field.
  • the second information field may be set in the BSS parameter field or the TBTT information field of the simplified neighbor report element, and the MLD Multiple BSSID field may be the BSS parameter field of the simplified neighbor report element or a newly added field in the TBTT information field.
  • the third information is used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD. If they belong to the same MLD, the third information is set to the seventh value, and if they do not belong to the same MLD, the third information is set to the first Eight values, for example, the third information includes 1 bit, the 1 bit is set to 1 to indicate that the reported AP and the reporting AP do not belong to the same MLD, and the 1 bit is set to 0 to indicate that the reported AP and the reporting AP do not belong to the same MLD .
  • the field carrying the foregoing third information may be referred to as a third information field, and the third information field may have other names.
  • the foregoing third information field may be set in the BSS parameter (BSS parameter) field or the TBTT information field of the simplified neighbor report element.
  • the third information field may specifically be the same MLD field in the BSS parameter field in the simplified neighbor report element, and the same MLD field may be the reserved bit in the BSS parameter field ( B7). If the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD, set the value of an indicator bit in the same MLD field to 1; if the reported AP and the reporting AP are not in the same MLD, set the value of the indicator bit to 0 .
  • the TBTT information field may also include the MLD-Index field.
  • the MLD-index field When the same MLD field is set to 1, the MLD-index field carries the index of the MLD to which the reported AP and the reported AP belong. Or MAC address, indicating the MLD.
  • the TBTT information field may include the MLD-idex field, the MLD-index field may be set to a reserved value or other values, and of course the MLD-index field may not be included. Other examples of the MLD-index field will be further explained in the subsequent sections.
  • the fourth information is used to indicate whether the reported AP belongs to a Multiple BSSID set.
  • the fourth information may specifically be a Multiple BSSID indicator bit, the Multiple BSSID indicator bit is set to a specific value, for example, the Multiple BSSID indicator bit includes 1 bit, and the 1 bit is set to 1 to indicate that the reported AP belongs to Multiple BSSID Set the Multiple BSSID indicator bit to another specific value.
  • the Multiple BSSID indicator bit includes 1 bit, and the 1 bit is set to 0 to indicate that the reported AP does not belong to the Multiple BSSID set.
  • the Multiple BSSID indicator bit may be the Multiple BSSID field in the BSS parameter field.
  • the eighth information is used to indicate the MLD sequence number (MLD-Index) where the reported AP (reported AP) is located.
  • the field carrying the above-mentioned eighth information may be referred to as the eighth information field, and the eighth information field may also have other names, for example, the MLD-index field.
  • the eighth information field may be set in the TBTT info (TBTT information) field of the Reduced Neighbor Report element.
  • TBTT info TBTT information
  • the MLD sequence numbers of two reported APs are the same, it indicates that the two reported APs belong to the same MLD.
  • the MLD sequence number of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs with the MAC address of BSSID-2x and the reported MAC address of BSSID-3y are reported
  • the MLD sequence numbers of the MLD to which the AP belongs are both 2, which means that the two reported APs belong to MLD 2.
  • the marked MLD sequence numbers may be the same or different.
  • the MLD index field can carry the sequence number of the MLD, and can also carry the MAC address of the MLD, or the identifier of the MLD.
  • a special value of the MLD index field can be used to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD. For example, if a reported AP and a reporting AP belong to the same MLD, then a special MLD Index value (such as all 0s) can be carried in the eighth message to indicate the sequence number of the MLD to indicate the reported AP and the reporting AP Belonging to the same MLD, when the receiving end (such as the station) reads the special MLD index value later, although the MLD sequence number of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs cannot be directly obtained, the MLD sequence number of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs can be known.
  • a special MLD Index value such as all 0s
  • the receiving end can obtain the MLD sequence number of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs from the first management frame, so it can also learn the MLD sequence number of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs.
  • the reported AP does not belong to any MLD
  • the reported AP does not have a corresponding MLD sequence number. Therefore, it can be indicated by carrying a special MLD index value (for example, set to 255) in the eighth message It does not have a corresponding MLD sequence number (or expressed as: the special value of the eighth information (for example, set to 255) indicates that the reported AP does not belong to any MLD).
  • the special value of the eighth information indicates that the reported AP does not belong to any MLD.
  • the reported AP does not belong to any MLD
  • it can also be regarded as the reported AP belongs to a virtual AP multi-link device MLD, and the virtual AP multi-link device MLD includes an AP.
  • the virtual MLD to which the reported AP belongs also has a normal MLD-Index, but the MLD-Index of the MLD to which other APs belong is different from the MLD-Index of the virtual MLD to which the reported AP belongs.
  • the reduced neighbor report element (Reduced Neighbor Report element) can be carried.
  • the above-mentioned eighth information is illustrated below with examples.
  • the first information can be used to indicate whether it is satisfied that the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or belong to the same Multiple BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs. If it is satisfied, the first information can carry the third If the value is not met (that is, the reported AP and the reporting AP are not in the same MLD, nor are they in the same Multiple BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs), the first information can carry a fourth value, such as the first information It includes 1 bit, the 1 bit is set to 1 to indicate that the condition is met, and the 1 bit is set to 0 to indicate that the condition is not met.
  • the third information may also be used to indicate that the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD, and further, the above-mentioned eighth information is carried in a Reduced Neighbor Report element.
  • the eighth information is carried through the MLD-Index field.
  • the eighth information is carried through the MLD-Index field.
  • the MLD-Index field For example, take Figure 6 as an example. Assume that the AP with the MAC address of BSSID-1x is the reporting AP, the AP with the MAC address of BSSID-2x and the AP with the MAC address of BSSID-2y are two reported APs, due to the MAC address The reported AP with BSSID-2y and the reporting AP with MAC address of BSSID-1x are in the same MLD, so the first information field of the reduced neighbor report element corresponding to the reported AP with MAC address of BSSID-2x carries The above third value; In addition, although the reported AP with the MAC address of BSSID-2x and the reporting AP with the MAC address of BSSID-1x do not belong to the same MLD, they are not in the same MLD as the reporting AP with the MAC
  • the first information field of the reduced neighbor report element corresponding to the reported AP whose MAC address is BSSID-2y carries the aforementioned third value.
  • the first information carries the third value, a corresponding field will be added to the simplified neighbor report element to carry the eighth information.
  • the above-mentioned eighth information may be carried in the simplified neighbor report element only when the reported AP and the MLD member to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same Multiple BSSID set.
  • the following is an example.
  • the second information may be used to indicate whether it is satisfied that the members of the reported AP and the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same Multiple BSSID set, if it is satisfied, the second information carries the fifth value, if not, the second The information carries a sixth value.
  • the first information includes 1 bit, the 1 bit is set to 1 to indicate that the condition is met, and the 1 bit is set to 0 to indicate that the condition is not met.
  • the value carried by the second information is the fifth value, a corresponding field will be added to the simplified neighbor report element to carry the eighth information.
  • the TBTT information field may also carry the MLD-index field.
  • the reporting of the members of the MLD to which the AP belongs includes two possibilities, specifically as follows: 1. Reporting any member of the MLD to which the AP belongs; 2. Reporting to any member of the MLD to which the AP belongs except for reporting to the AP member. If this application mentions the members of the MLD to which the AP belongs, it includes the above two possibilities, so I won’t repeat them in other places.
  • the ninth information is used to indicate the Multiple BSSID set sequence number (Multiple BSSID set-index) of the Multiple BSSID set to which the reported AP belongs.
  • the field carrying the above-mentioned ninth information may be referred to as the ninth information field, and the ninth information field may also have other names, for example, the Multiple BSSID set-index field.
  • the ninth information field may be set in the TBTT info field of the Reduced Neighbor Report element.
  • the Multiple BSSID set-index field may carry the sequence number or ID of the Multiple BSSID set.
  • method 1 The above-mentioned ninth information can be carried in the simplified neighbor report element only when all the following conditions are met:
  • Condition 1 If the reported AP belongs to a Multiple BSSID set.
  • Condition 2 The reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set.
  • Manner 2 Parse the above-mentioned ninth information when all the following conditions are met.
  • Manner 3 Parse the above-mentioned ninth information when all the following conditions are met.
  • Condition 1 If the reported AP belongs to a Multiple BSSID set.
  • the Multiple BSSID in the BSS parameters field indicates the first value of the position, for example, set to 1. If the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set, the Co-MLD field value is 1; if the Multiple BSSID indicator bit and the Co-MLD field are both set 1. Add a Multiple BSSID set-index field to the TBTT info field. Optionally, when only condition 1 is met, a Multiple BSSID set-index field can also be added to the TBTT info field.
  • the simplified neighbor report elements of multiple reported APs include the same ninth information (such as Multiple BSSID set-index), it means that the multiple reported APs are APs in the same Multiple BSSID set.
  • the Multiple BSSID set-index in the reduced neighbor report element of the reported AP can be set to a special value (for example, 0), and the subsequent receiving end
  • the Multiple BSSID set-index in the simplified neighbor report element of the reported AP is read as the special value, it can be determined that the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same Multiple BSSID set.
  • the information of each AP in the same Multiple BSSID set can be obtained according to the Multiple BSSID element carried in the first management frame of the report AP.
  • the TBTT info field may also include a Multiple BSSID set-index field, which is a reserved value or does not indicate any Multiple BSSID set.
  • the Multiple BSSID set-index field solution is carried only when condition 1 and condition 2 are satisfied, and the Multiple BSSID set-index field solution is carried only when condition 1 is satisfied, and the signaling overhead is smaller.
  • the information of these other AP members may not be carried in the Reduced neighbor report element, but carried in the management frame.
  • Multiple BSSID element to indicate.
  • the above simplified neighbor report element may also include fifth information, sixth information, One or more items in the seventh information.
  • the fifth information is used to indicate the link ID (Link ID) of the reported AP.
  • Link ID link ID
  • the Link IDs (Link IDs) occupied by multiple APs are included.
  • the Link ID may have a one-to-one correspondence with an operating class (Operting Class), or a channel number (channel number), or the MAC address of the reported AP, or a combination of multiple of them.
  • the terminal can determine the corresponding operating class, channel number, MAC address of the reported AP and other information according to the link ID corresponding to the reported AP, without repeating instructions for this information. To achieve the effect of saving costs.
  • the MLD The index field carries the eighth information.
  • the ninth information can be carried in the Multiple BSSID set-index field
  • the fifth information can be carried in the Link ID field.
  • the TBTT information field shown in FIG. 8(b) may also include a Link ID field and a Multiple BSSID set-index field.
  • the sixth information is used to indicate the link ID (Link ID) of the reporting AP and/or the MAC address (Address) of the MLD where the reporting AP is located.
  • Link ID For the usage principle of the link ID (Link ID) of the reporting AP, reference may be made to the description of the usage principle of the reported AP in the fifth information, which will not be repeated here.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the reported AP is located (Address) is used to help determine the MAC address of the MLD where the reported AP is located.
  • the MLD sequence number of the MLD where the reported AP is located can simply be represented by the first value. Therefore, after the first value is used to determine that the MLD sequence number of the reported AP is the same as the MLD sequence number of the reporting AP, you can further follow the instructions here MAC address (can be used as the MLD sequence number) to determine the MAC address of the MLD where the reported AP is located.
  • the MAC address of the AP’s MLD can also be used to establish associations between multi-link devices, such as carried in the probe request frame/probe response frame, authentication request frame/authentication response frame, association request frame/association response frame interaction In the process.
  • the sixth information may not be in the reduced neighbor report element, but it is still in the above-mentioned first management frame, for example, in the MLD element of the first management frame, where the MLD element is used to indicate multiple numbers of the same MLD.
  • the MLD element includes: a common control field, an MLD common information field, and one or more optional sub-elements.
  • the MLD public information field includes an MLD MAC address field, and optionally includes fields such as an authentication algorithm.
  • the MLD MAC address field is used to indicate the address of the MLD indicated by the MLD element, and the address is used to identify an MLD.
  • the address of the MLD is the MAC address of the MLD.
  • the MAC address is used to identify the management entity of the AP multilink device, where the MAC address of the AP multilink device It can be the same as one of the MAC addresses of the n APs included in the multi-link AP MLD, or it can be different from the MAC addresses of the n APs.
  • the MAC address of the AP multi-link device is a common MAC address The address can identify the AP multi-link device.
  • the public control field includes an MLD address presence field (or referred to as an MLD address presence field or an MLD address presence identifier), which is used to indicate whether the MLD address field exists in the MLD public information field.
  • the public control field further includes an authentication algorithm appearance field, which is used to indicate whether there is an authentication algorithm field in the MLD public information field.
  • the above-mentioned "appearance field" may include 1 bit, taking the first value to indicate that the corresponding field appears, and taking the second value to indicate that the corresponding field does not appear. For example, the first value is 1 and the second value is 0.
  • one MLD element further includes one or more sub-elements, and one sub-element describes information of one AP in the multi-AP multi-link device.
  • the content of each sub-element includes the link identifier of the AP.
  • each sub-element further includes fields related to the AP, such as an SSID field, a timstamp field, a beacon interval field, and elements of the AP.
  • the elements of the AP include BSS load element, EHT capability element, and EHT operation element.
  • the reporting AP in the AP MLD sends the first management frame on its working link, such as a letter
  • reduced neighbor report elements Reduced Neighbor Report elements, RNR elements
  • standard frames probe response frames, etc.
  • MLD element can be used to indicate the shared information in the AP MLD and the specific information of each AP. In this way, it can help the STA MLD select an optimal AP MLD to establish a multi-link association.
  • the first management frame In order to prevent the first management frame from being too long, the first management frame only carries the MLD common information of the MLD element, and the information of the sub-element corresponding to each AP does not need to be carried, as shown in the first half of the MLD element in Figure 18. Including one or more or all of MLD MAC address, link identifier, MLD sequence number, and optionally, authentication algorithm field.
  • the link identifier is used to indicate the reporting AP, which is specifically mentioned in the aforementioned sixth information, and will not be repeated here;
  • the MLD sequence number is used to indicate the sequence number of an AP and MLD, and the MLD indicated by the eighth information in the RNR element
  • the sequence numbers are consistent, that is, for the same AP MLD, the MLD sequence number used for the RNR element is the same as the MLD sequence number in the MLD element.
  • the reporting AP in MLD1 is BSSID-1x
  • the first management frame sent by the reporting AP carries the RNR element
  • the RNR element carries BSSID-2y, BSSID-3x, BSSID-2x, BSSID- 3y, AP information such as BSSID-1y and BSSID-2z, and optionally BSSID-3z information.
  • the MLD element of MLD1 also carries the first half of the MLD element of MLD1, the first half of the MLD element of MLD2, the first half of the MLD element of MLD3, and optionally the first half of the special MLD element indicating BSSID-3z, where the special The MLD sequence number of the MLD element is set to a special value, such as 255, the MLD MAC address is the MAC address of the AP, or does not appear, and the link identifier is the link identifier of the single AP.
  • the RNR element sent by the reporting AP needs to include the following information about the reported AP, including:
  • All APs of the AP MLD that meet the following two conditions, where the two conditions are: 1) At least one AP in the AP MLD and one AP in the AP MLD where the reporting AP is located are in the same multi-BSSID In the collection; 2) No AP in the AP MLD and the reporting AP work on the same link.
  • the AP MLD includes only one AP.
  • the AP MLD includes an AP working at 6 GHz.
  • the AP MLD may only include the AP MLD of one AP.
  • the STA MLD station can directly send a probe response frame or receive a beacon frame on the current link, where the probe request frame carries the first half of the MLD element, or It also carries the link identifier of one or more APs, and obtains the complete information of the corresponding AP MLD, that is, it also includes the detailed information of each AP in the corresponding AP MLD. Specify the detailed information of multiple APs. Then establish a multi-link association with the AP MLD, or skip the scan and directly establish a multi-link association with the AP MLD.
  • the first half of the MLD MAC address in the MLD element can be a special MAC address, or the MLD sequence number can be set to a special MLD sequence number, that is, information about all surrounding APs and MLDs can be obtained.
  • the AP in the AP MLD After receiving the request from the STA MLD, the AP in the AP MLD sends a probe response frame, including the content of the STA MLD request, such as carrying one or more MLD elements.
  • each MLD element includes an MLD sequence number.
  • the AP MLD includes an AP working at 6 GHz.
  • the STA MLD does not need to go to other links to scan, and it can directly obtain the AP MLD information. If the STA MLD pairs If the AP MLD is interested, such as a suitable frequency band, the STA MLD can further send the probe request frame mentioned above, or receive specific information sent by an AP in the AP MLD on the corresponding link. Then establish a multi-link association with the AP MLD, or skip the scan and directly establish a multi-link association with the AP MLD. After receiving the request from the STA MLD, the AP in the AP MLD sends a probe response frame, including the content of the STA MLD request, such as carrying one or more MLD elements.
  • each MLD element includes an MLD sequence number.
  • the MLD common information in the first half of the MLD element carried in the probe request frame sent by one of the STAs in the MLD may include only one or two of the fields, and does not need to carry all the fields, such as the MLD sequence number or the MLD MAC address.
  • All APs in the same AP MLD1 as the reporting AP BSSID-1x, namely BSSID-2y, BSSID-3x;
  • BSSID-1x is in the same multi-BSSID set 1 non-transmitting AP (ie BSSID-1y) where all APs in MLD3 are located: BSSID-1y, BSSID-2z;
  • the AP MLD in Figure 6 that meets the above two conditions is the 2 APs in AP MLD2, BSSID-2x and BSSID-3y, BSSID-2x in AP MLD2 and AP2y in AP MLD1 are in the same multi-BSSID set 2, and no AP in MLD2 is in a link with BSSID-1x.
  • it also includes a special AP MLD that includes only one AP, that is, BSSID-3z.
  • the first half of the MLD element as shown in Figure 18 also includes a common control field, where the common control field includes one or more of the MLD MAC address appearance field, the Link ID appearance field, the MLD sequence number appearance field, and the sub-element appearance field. Or all, optionally including the authentication algorithm appearance field.
  • the appearance of the MLD MAC address is used to indicate whether the MLD public information includes the MLD MAC address field; the appearance of Link ID is used to indicate whether the MLD public information includes the Link ID field; the appearance of the MLD sequence number is used to indicate whether the MLD public information includes the MLD sequence number field;
  • the fields can be indicated by 1 bit respectively, for example, 1 indicates occurrence and 0 indicates no occurrence, or respectively by 2 values of 1 field, the first value indicates the occurrence and the second value indicates the absence.
  • the first half of the MLD element shown in FIG. 17 can also be replaced with the first half of the MLD element shown in FIG. 18 to AP MLD to provide further detailed information to the site MLD.
  • the public control field includes the MLD public information appearance field, which is used to indicate whether the MLD public information appears, or whether fields other than the MLD MAC address or the MLD sequence number in the MLD public information field appear, to help further Reduce repetitive information (At this time, STA MLD has learned this part of information).
  • the reporting AP belongs to a set of multiple BSSIDs
  • the reporting AP also needs to send multiple BSSID elements, including nontransmitted profile, which indicates information about one or more nontransmitted APs. If the aforementioned non-transmitting AP comes from an AP MLD, the first half of the MLD element shown in FIG. 18 or the complete part of the MLD element shown in FIG. 17 can also be placed in the information of the non-transmitting AP.
  • the seventh information is used to indicate whether the first management frame carries all the information of the first reported AP, and the first reported AP is a member of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs. In another way, it is used to indicate whether the management frame carries the information of all the first reported APs and the information of the members in the Multiple BSSID set where all the first reported APs are located.
  • the seventh information may be located in the simplified neighbor report element, or other existing elements in the first management frame, or a newly added element in the first management frame. For ease of understanding, several optional indication examples of the seventh information are listed below.
  • Example 1 The seventh information is carried in a specific field (for example, it can be called "complete field"), and the specific field is used to indicate whether the reporting AP carries the information of all the first reported APs in the management frame, and all the first reported APs.
  • the receiving end can learn whether the relevant information corresponding to each reported AP is completely received.
  • Example 2 The seventh information is carried in a specific field (for example, it may be referred to as a "complete field"), and the specific field is used to indicate how many information cycles are required for the reporting AP to obtain the information of all the first reported APs, and All the member information in the Multiple BSSID set where all the first reported APs are located are all sent; wherein, one information period may specifically be one beacon frame, or two beacon frames, or other time units that can measure the length of time.
  • a specific field for example, it may be referred to as a "complete field”
  • the specific field is used to indicate how many information cycles are required for the reporting AP to obtain the information of all the first reported APs, and All the member information in the Multiple BSSID set where all the first reported APs are located are all sent; wherein, one information period may specifically be one beacon frame, or two beacon frames, or other time units that can measure the length of time.
  • the receiving end can learn whether the relevant information corresponding to each reported AP is completely received, and if it is not completely received, it can also learn how many information cycles are needed to complete the reception.
  • the report on the members of the MLD to which the AP belongs includes two possibilities, as follows: 1. Report on any member of the MLD to which the AP belongs; 2. Report on any member of the MLD to which the AP belongs except for the AP. member. If this application mentions the members of the MLD to which the AP belongs, both of the above two possibilities are included, so I won’t repeat them elsewhere.
  • the members in the Multiple BSSID set where the first reported AP is located include two possibilities, as follows: 1. Any member in the Multiple BSSID set where the first reported AP is located; 2. Any member of the Multiple BSSID set where the first reporting AP is located except for the first reporting AP. If this application mentions the members of the Multiple BSSID set where the first reported AP is located, both of the above two possibilities are included, so I won’t repeat them elsewhere.
  • the information placed in the TBTT information field mentioned in the embodiments of this application includes one or more of eighth information, ninth information, first information, second information, third information, fourth information, and fifth information .
  • One or more of the first information, the second information, the third information, the fourth information, and the fifth information are carried in the BSS parameter field in the TBTT information field. Therefore, the length of the BSS parameter field may be 1 or 2 bytes. If the length of the BSS parameter field becomes 2 bytes, it is equivalent to the 1-byte BSS parameter field and the 1-byte BSS parameter extension field in Table 4.
  • the length of the eighth message is 1 byte, and the length of the ninth message is 1 byte.
  • the TBTT info Length (TBTT information length) field indicates the length of each TBTT info field.
  • the specific information format carried under different lengths is shown in Table 5, adding one or more of 13 bytes, 14 bytes, and 15 bytes.
  • the length of the BSS parameter field may also be other bytes, such as 3 bytes, 4 bytes, 5 bytes, etc.
  • the length of the eighth message may also be other bytes, such as 2-6 bytes, and the length of the ninth message. It can be other bytes, such as 2 to 6 bytes.
  • Step S402 The station receives the first management frame.
  • the station parses the information in the first management frame, for example, the Reduced Neighbor Report element in the first management frame, and reports the Multiple BSSID corresponding to the AP element, etc.
  • the following focuses on how to interpret and streamline the information in the neighbor report element.
  • Each Neighbor AP info field corresponds to the information of a reported AP; Case 2. If there are multiple The reported AP has the same operation set and channel number, and a Neighbor AP info field can include the information of multiple reported APs. At this time, each TBTT information field of the Neighbor AP info field includes other information of a reported AP. In case 2, optionally, the length of the TBTT information field corresponding to each reported AP is the same. If they are different, at this time, each reported AP can also use only one Neighbor AP Info field to indicate.
  • the following takes the site receiving the target information in the Neighbor AP info field corresponding to one of the reported APs as an example to introduce (the principle of the target information in the Neighbor AP info field corresponding to other reported APs can be compared), and the details are as follows:
  • the station can learn from the first information whether the reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or whether the reported AP belongs to the same Multiple BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs; for example, the first When the value carried by one information is the third value (such as 1), the judgment result is yes, and when the value carried by the first information is the fourth value (such as 0), the judgment result is no.
  • the third value such as 1
  • the judgment result is yes
  • the value carried by the first information is the fourth value (such as 0)
  • the station can learn from the second information whether the reported AP belongs to the same Multiple BSSID set as the members of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs; for example, the value carried by the second information is the fifth value (such as 1 ), the judgment result is yes, and when the value carried by the second information is the sixth value (such as 0), the judgment result is no.
  • the station further analyzes the eighth information, that is, analyzes to obtain the MLD sequence number (MLD-Index) to which the reported AP belongs.
  • MLD-Index MLD sequence number
  • the station can learn whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD through the third information; for example, when the third information carries a value of the seventh value (such as 1), it is determined that the reported AP When the reporting AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD, and the value carried by the third information is the eighth value (such as 0), it is determined whether the reporting AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the third information carries a value of the seventh value (such as 1), it is determined that the reported AP
  • the reporting AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD
  • the eighth value such as 0
  • the station can learn whether the reported AP belongs to the Multiple BSSID set through the fourth information; for example, the fourth information can be specifically a Multiple BSSID indicator bit, when the Multiple BSSID indicator bit is set to a specific The value of (for example, 1) indicates that the reported AP belongs to the Multiple BSSID set. When the Multiple BSSID indicator bit is set to another specific value (for example, it may be 0), it indicates that the reported AP does not belong to the Multiple BSSID set.
  • the fourth information can be specifically a Multiple BSSID indicator bit, when the Multiple BSSID indicator bit is set to a specific The value of (for example, 1) indicates that the reported AP belongs to the Multiple BSSID set.
  • the Multiple BSSID indicator bit is set to another specific value (for example, it may be 0), it indicates that the reported AP does not belong to the Multiple BSSID set.
  • Manner 1 Parse the above-mentioned ninth information when all the following conditions are met.
  • Condition 1 If the reported AP belongs to a Multiple BSSID set.
  • Condition 2 The reported AP and the reporting AP are in the same MLD or the members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set.
  • Manner 2 Parse the above-mentioned ninth information when all the following conditions are met.
  • Condition 1 The members of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same multi-BSSID set.
  • Manner 3 Parse the above-mentioned ninth information when all the following conditions are met.
  • Condition 1 If the reported AP belongs to a Multiple BSSID set.
  • the multiple BSSID set sequence number of the Multiple BSSID set to which the reported AP belongs can be obtained from the ninth information.
  • the Link ID of the reported AP can be obtained, because of the Link ID and Operating Class, or channel number, or MAC address of the reported AP , Or a combination of one or more of them has a one-to-one correspondence, so if the site has previously received the reported AP Operation Class, channel number, and MAC address of the reported AP Wait for the information, then the information can be obtained according to the corresponding relationship without repeating the indication of the information, and the effect of saving overhead is achieved.
  • the link ID (Link ID) of the reported AP can be obtained, because the Link ID and the operating set (Operting Class), or the channel number (channel number), or the MAC address of the reported AP, or The combination of one or more of them has a one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, if the site has previously received information such as the operating class, channel number, and MAC address of the reported AP, then The information can be obtained according to the corresponding relationship, without repeating the instruction of the information, and the effect of saving overhead is achieved.
  • the seventh information it can be learned from the seventh information whether the first management frame carries all the information of the first reported AP, and the first reported AP is a member of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs.
  • the station continues to receive new management frames until all the information of the first reported AP is received, if the seventh The information shows how many information cycles are still left to be received, so you can continue to receive the corresponding information cycles, so as to complete the reception of all the information of the first reported AP.
  • the seventh information it can be learned from the seventh information whether the management frame carries the information of all the first reported APs and the information of the members in the Multiple BSSID set where all the first reported APs are located. .
  • the station continues to receive new information Management frame until all the information of the first reported AP and all the information of the members in the Multiple BSSID set where the first reported AP is received are received.
  • the seventh information shows how many information cycles are left before it can be received. Then the corresponding information cycle can continue to be received, thereby completing the reception of all the information of the first reported AP and the information of the members in the Multiple BSSID set where all the first reported APs are located.
  • FIG. 8(a) Take Figure 8(a) as an example.
  • the site parses the Co-MLD field and determines that the Co-MLD field is set to 1, it is determined whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD or whether the reported AP is the same as the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs If the member APs belong to the same Multiple BSSID set, the station further determines that the TBTT information field also includes the MLD-index field, and further analyzes the MLD-index field to obtain the index or MAC address of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs. Take Figure 8(b) as an example.
  • the site parses the same-MLD field and determines that the same-MLD field is set to 1, it is determined that the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD, and the site can also determine the target based on the MLD Multiple BSSID field. Whether the reporting AP and the member AP of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs belong to the same Multiple BSSID set, the station further analyzes the MLD-index field to obtain the index or MAC address of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs.
  • the site parses the Co-MLD field and determines that the Co-MLD field is set to 1, it is determined whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD or whether the reported AP belongs to the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs If member APs belong to the same Multiple BSSID set, the station further parses the MLD-index field, Link ID field and Multiple BSSID set index field to obtain the index or MAC address of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs, link ID and Multiple BSSID set index.
  • the site is based on the eighth information, the ninth information, the first information, the second information, the third information, the fourth information, the fifth information, the sixth information, and the seventh information.
  • One or more items can be used to know which MLD each reported AP belongs to, and which Multiple BSSID set each reported AP belongs to, so as to have an overall understanding of the Multiple BSSID set structure based on AP multi-link devices.
  • the station can select an AP that needs to be suitable from the Multiple BSSID set structure based on the AP multi-link device.
  • the station can carry the Link ID or Link ID list in the detection request frame, and optionally carry the MLD-Index or the MAC address of the MLD, so that after the AP receives the detection request frame, according to
  • the link ID, or link ID list, or MLD-Index, or MLD MAC determines the corresponding AP, and then more detailed information of the corresponding AP (such as AP capability information, operation information, etc.), where the capability information is used Indicate which functions the AP supports, and the operation information can be used to indicate the center frequency of the AP's work, working bandwidth, etc.) and reply to the site, and the site then establishes an association with the corresponding AP based on the more detailed information.
  • the following examples are used to illustrate.
  • Example 1 The station carries the MLD-index and one or more of one or more link IDs in the probe request frame to request the AP to reply the information of the AP corresponding to one or more link IDs in the probe response frame. Then the station establishes an association with one or more APs according to the information of the AP corresponding to the one or more Link IDs.
  • the MLD-index carried in the probe request is MLD2
  • the link ID carried is link2 (link2)
  • the AP can determine that the corresponding AP is the MAC address of the BSSID based on MLD2 and link2. 2x AP, so the more detailed information of the AP whose MAC address is BSSID-2x is sent to the station, and the station establishes an association with the AP whose MAC address is BSSID-2x.
  • Example 2 The station carries the MLD-index and one or more link IDs in the probe request frame to request the AP to reply with one or more link IDs other than the link ID information in the probe response frame. Then the station selects one or more of the APs to establish association with the information of the AP corresponding to the other Link ID.
  • the MLD-index carried in the probe request is MLD1
  • the link ID carried is link 1 (link1) and link 3 (link3)
  • the AP can determine according to MLD2, link1, and link3
  • the AP on link2 except link1 and link3 is the AP whose MAC address is BSSID-2x, so the more detailed information of the AP whose MAC address is BSSID-2x is sent to the station, and the station and MAC address are BSSID -2x AP establishes an association.
  • the station can also carry signaling, such as a special Link ID, in the probe request frame to request the AP to reply to the information of all the first reported APs of the MLD where it is located and the Multiple BSSID set where all the first reported APs are located. Or just to request the AP to reply to the information of all the first reported APs of the MLD where the site is located, as the basis for the site to choose to associate with the AP.
  • signaling such as a special Link ID
  • the information of the MLD where the AP is reported and the information of the Multiple BSSID set is carried in the simplified neighbor report element of the first management frame, so that the station that receives the first management frame Based on this information, the basic information of each reported AP in the MLD and Multiple BSSID sets can be learned, so as to better select the appropriate AP from the reporting AP and the reported AP for association.
  • Figure 9 is an AP multi-link device discovery method provided by an embodiment of the present application. This method can be applied between sites, between access points, and between access points and Between the access points, for the convenience of description, the communication between the access point and the station is described as an example below. The method includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • Step S901 The access point AP sends a second management frame to the station.
  • the second management frame carries the information of the neighbor AP, and the neighbor AP may be used as a candidate AP when the site switches BSS.
  • the second management frame can help the station to obtain neighbor AP information of the associated AP for potential roaming candidate APs.
  • the second management frame may be a beacon frame, a detection response frame, an association response frame, a re-association response frame, an authentication frame, etc.
  • the second management frame may be sent by an AP multi-link device, or a reporting AP (reporting AP) in an AP multi-link device.
  • the station receiving the second management frame may be a station in a station multi-link device or a single-link station.
  • the station that sends the second management frame can also be a station, which belongs to a multi-link device MLD; and the one that receives the second management frame can also be an access point, which belongs to an MLD, or is a single Link access point.
  • the reporting AP in the AP multi-link device sends the second management frame to the station as an example for illustration.
  • the AP multi-link device may include one logical AP, and switch work on multiple links respectively.
  • the AP multi-link device includes n logical APs, which work on n different links (links), so they can be represented by link identifiers link1, link2, ..., linkn, each The MAC address of the AP is different.
  • An AP multilink device is identified by an MLD MAC address (address). It can also be said that the MAC address is used to identify the AP multilink device management entity (management entity).
  • the MAC address can be the same as one of the n logical APs included in the multi-link AP, or it can be different from the MAC addresses of the n logical APs.
  • the MAC address of the AP multi-link device is one
  • the public MAC address can identify the AP multi-link device.
  • one logical AP or multiple logical APs in the AP multi-link device may respectively belong to one or more multiple (Multiple) Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID) sets.
  • BSSID Basic Service Set Identifier
  • the multiple BSSID sets to which each logical AP in an AP multi-link device belongs are different.
  • the Multiple BSSID set architecture based on the AP multi-link device in the embodiment of the present application may be the same as the related expressions in Figures 5, 6, and 7 in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second management frame carries a neighbor report element (Neighbor Report element), and the neighbor report element needs to carry information of the neighbor AP that reports the AP, such as the operation set of the neighbor AP, channel number, BSSID, and so on. If the AP in the AP multi-link device belongs to the Multiple BSSID set, the neighbor report element may also include the corresponding Multiple BSSID element. The following is an example of the neighbor report element.
  • the Neighbor Report element such as the BSSID information field therein, carries the first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate one or more of the following information:
  • the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD; whether the reported AP belongs to an AP in an MLD; the reported AP and the previous reported AP belong to the same MLD.
  • the first information indicates multiple items of the three items listed above, these multiple items may be separately indicated.
  • the first information includes 3 bits, and each bit indicates whether one of the items meets the condition; for example, The first bit set to 1 indicates that the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD, the first bit set to 0 indicates that the reported AP and the reporting AP do not belong to the same MLD; the second bit set to 1 indicates that the reported AP belongs to the same MLD AP in the MLD, the second bit set to 0 indicates that the reported AP does not belong to an AP in an MLD; the third bit set to 1 indicates that the reported AP and the previous reported AP belong to the same MLD. The third bit set to 0 indicates that the reported AP and the previously reported AP do not belong to the same MLD.
  • a neighbor report element such as an optional sub-element field therein, carries second information.
  • the second information includes the MAC address (Address) of the AP multi-link device MLD where the reported AP is located, the number of APs contained in the AP multi-link device MLD where the AP is located, and the number of APs where the AP is located.
  • the simultaneous transmit/receive (STR) capability indication between APs in the link device MLD, the link ID (Link ID) corresponding to the reported AP, and the AP multi-link device MLD where the AP is located are not reported
  • One or more of the information of other APs outside the AP for example, Link ID, operating class, channel number, BSSID, third information capabilities, operating information, etc.).
  • the second optional solution includes the MAC address (Address) of the AP multi-link device MLD where the reported AP is located, the link ID (Link ID) corresponding to the reported AP, and the third information capabilities, operation One or more items of Information Operating Infonation.
  • information about other APs such as Link ID, operating class, channel number, BSSID, and other information
  • one neighbor report element carries one AP information.
  • an MLD indicator bit (for example, 1 bit in bits 21-31 as an MLD indicator bit) is set in the neighbor report element to indicate whether the reported AP belongs to a certain MLD. If the reported AP belongs to a certain MLD AP, the value of the MLD indicator bit takes the first value; if the reported AP does not belong to a certain MLD AP, the value of the MLD indicator bit takes the second parameter value; for example, the first MLD
  • the indication bit includes 1 bit. The 1 bit is set to 1 to indicate that the reported AP belongs to a certain MLD AP, and the 1 bit is set to 0 to indicate that the reported AP does not belong to a certain MLD AP. Bits 21-31 are shown in Figure 10 in the frame structure.
  • the foregoing second information is carried (for example, optional subelements carry a subelement describing the MLD where the reported AP is located, and then the second information is carried in the subelement).
  • the neighbor report element no longer carries the aforementioned second information.
  • the neighbor report element no longer carries the reported AP.
  • Reporting the MAC address of the MLD to which the AP belongs can also choose to carry the MAC address of the MLD to which the reported AP belongs.
  • the optional subelements field of the Neighbor Report element (Neighbor Report element) carries the field of the Multiple BSSID element (elements) of the Multiple BSSIDset to which the reported AP belongs .
  • the reference BSSID (or Transmitted BSSID) of the Multiple BSSID element is carried in the BSSID field in the neighbor report element.
  • Step S902 The station receives the second management frame.
  • the station parses the information in the second management frame, for example, the neighbor report element in the second management frame.
  • the station parses the information in the second management frame, for example, the neighbor report element in the second management frame.
  • the following focuses on how to use the neighbor report element Information in.
  • the neighbor report element which information will be parsed by the site. For example, if the optional subelements field of the Neighbor Report element carries the above second information, and/or the reserved field in bits 21 to 31 of the BSSID info field carries the first information , Then the second information and/or the first information will be parsed.
  • the site can learn one or more of the following contents through the first information:
  • the reported AP belongs to the same MLD as the reporting AP.
  • the station optionally, if the reported AP belongs to an AP in an MLD, the station further analyzes the above-mentioned second information.
  • the second information includes the MAC address (Address) of the AP multi-link device MLD where the reported AP is located, the number of APs contained in the AP multi-link device MLD where the AP is located, and the number of APs where the AP is located.
  • the simultaneous transmit/receive (STR) capability indication between APs in the link device MLD, the link ID (Link ID) corresponding to the reported AP, and the AP multi-link device MLD where the AP is located are not reported
  • One or more of the information of other APs outside the AP for example, Link ID, operating class, channel number, BSSID, third information capabilities, operating information, etc.).
  • the second optional solution includes the MAC address (Address) of the AP multi-link device MLD where the reported AP is located, the link ID (Link ID) corresponding to the reported AP, the third information capabilities, and operations One or more of the information OperatingInfonation.
  • information about other APs such as Link ID, operating class, channel number, BSSID, and other information
  • one neighbor report element carries one AP information.
  • the station can learn which MLD the reported AP belongs to based on the second information in the neighbor report element, and integrate the information in the neighbor report elements corresponding to other reported APs, and the structure of the AP multi-link device can be The overall understanding, and then choose from which can be used as an optional AP when the site switches BSS.
  • the station sends an association request frame or re-association request frame to the AP.
  • the AP After the AP receives the association request frame or re-association request frame, it carries the neighbor report element in the replied association response frame or re-association response frame.
  • the neighbor element carries information about one or more APs belonging to the MLD, such as AP capability information, operation information, etc.
  • the capability information is used to indicate which functions the AP supports, and the operation information can be used to indicate the central frequency of the AP's work. For bandwidth and so on, the station then chooses to establish an association with the corresponding AP based on the more detailed information.
  • the following is an example for description.
  • Example 1 A station sends an association request to an AP, and the AP returns an association response frame or a re-association response to carry neighbor report elements, including information about one or more APs. Then the station can choose to establish an association with one or more APs in the MLD. For example, as shown in Figure 6, the station sends an association request frame to the AP, then the neighbor element in the association response frame or reassociation response frame of the AP carries the AP whose MAC address is BSSID-2x in MLD2, and then the station and choose whether to match the MAC address Establish an association for the AP of BSSID-2x.
  • the neighbor report element of the second management frame carries information about the MLD where the AP is reported, so that the station receiving the second management frame can learn the information of each reported AP based on the information.
  • MLD the basic situation of MLD, it is better to choose from neighboring APs as the candidate AP when the site switches BSS.
  • this embodiment proposes to add at least one of the following information to the Neighbor Report element:
  • the reported AP belongs to a certain MLD, it will further indicate part or all of the information corresponding to the MLD, such as the MLD MAC Address and the Link ID corresponding to the reported AP, the number of stations contained in the MLD, and the number of each station One or more of the information.
  • a 1-bit MLD indicator bit in B21-B31 in the BSS information field is used to indicate whether the BSSID belongs to a certain MLD. If the BSSID belongs to a certain MLD, the MLD indicates position 1; otherwise, the MLD indicates position 0;
  • a subelement describing the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs is carried in optional subelements, and one or more of the following indication information is carried in the subelement:
  • ⁇ Information of other member APs in the MLD such as the link ID, operating class, channel number, and BSSID of the member AP.
  • one 1-bit MLD indicator bit in B21-B31 in the BSS information field is used to indicate whether the BSSID belongs to a certain MLD. If the BSSID is part of a certain MLD, the MLD indicates position 1; otherwise, the MLD indicates position 0;
  • a subelement describing the MLD to which the reported AP belongs is carried in the optional subelements, and the following indication information is carried in the subelement:
  • Information about other APs of the MLD can be indicated by another Neighbor Report elements, and the same subelement used to describe the corresponding MLD is carried in the optional subelements.
  • the neighbor report element may also include an indication method indicating whether the reported AP indicated by the previous neighbor report element and the reported AP indicated by the next neighbor packet element in the management frame belong to The same MLD: For example, in B21-B31 in the BSS information field, a 1-bit previous MLD indicator bit is used to indicate whether the reported AP belongs to the same MLD as the previous reported AP.
  • one 1-bit MLD indicator bit can be carried in B21-B31 in the BSS information field to indicate whether the reported AP and the reporting AP belong to the same MLD. If they belong to the same MLD, Optionally, the neighbor report element may not include the information of the reported AP and the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs, because the management frame sent by the reporting AP will carry the information of the MLD to which the reporting AP belongs.
  • the station can obtain the information of the MLD where the reported AP is located in the neighbor report element, so that the station can learn the basic information of each reported AP in the MLD based on this information, so as to better obtain information from the neighbors.
  • the AP is selected as the candidate AP when the site switches the BSS.
  • Figure 11 is a DS system-based fast BSS handover method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method involves a station (non-AP), the current AP (current AP) associated with the station, and the station needs to be handed over.
  • the target AP To the target AP (Target AP), the method for the site to switch from the associated current AP to the target AP includes:
  • Step S1101 The station sends a fast transition (FT) request (Request) frame to the current AP.
  • FT fast transition
  • Request fast transition
  • the current AP After the current AP receives the FT request frame, it will reply with an Ack frame.
  • Step S1102 The current AP sends an FT response frame to the station.
  • the station after receiving the FT response frame or the authentication response frame, the station replies with an Ack frame.
  • the site specifically acts as a Fast Transition Originator (FTO), which initiates a BSS handover based on a distributed system (Distributed system, DS) by sending the FT request frame.
  • the FT request frame The sending address is the MAC address of the site, and the receiving address is the MAC address of the current AP. It also carries first address information, where the first address information includes the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located and the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located. , And the MAC address of the target AP; or, the first address information includes the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located and the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located.
  • FTO Fast Transition Originator
  • Figures 13 and 14 illustrate a TF request action field and a TF response frame action field.
  • the TF request action field includes subfields including classification, FT action, STA address, target AP address, and FT request frame body, as shown in Figure 13. Shown.
  • the FT response frame action field includes the FT confirmation action field, and the FT request action field includes classification, FT action, STA address, target AP address, status code word, and FT response frame body subfields, as shown in FIG. 14.
  • the TF request frame action field and the TF response action field are respectively carried in the TF request frame and the TF response frame, wherein the MAC header of the TF request frame and the TF response frame carries the receiving address and the sending address.
  • the target AP is an AP in an AP multi-link device
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the site is located in the first address information is carried in Figure 13 or Figure 14 In the MAC address field of the site.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located in the first address information is carried in the MAC address field of the target AP in FIG. 13 or FIG. 14. It is worth noting that if the station sending the FT request frame does not belong to the MLD, the MAC address field of the station is still used to carry the MAC address of the station sending the FT request frame. If the target AP to be switched to by the station sending the FT request frame does not belong to the MLD, the target AP address field is still used to carry the MAC address of the target AP to be switched to by the station.
  • the MAC address field of the station in the action field of the FT request frame is still used to carry the MAC address of the station that sent the FT request frame
  • the target AP address field is still used to carry the target that the station sending the FT request frame is to switch to.
  • the MAC address of the AP The MAC address of the MLD where the station is located and the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located are carried in the FT request frame body field in FIG. 13 or FIG. 14. It is worth noting that if the station sending the FT request frame does not belong to the MLD, the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located does not exist. If the target AP to which the station sending the FT request frame is to be switched does not belong to the MLD, the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located does not exist.
  • the current AP After the current AP receives the FT action frame, it parses to obtain the first address information it carries. And send the parsed first address information to the target AP (Target AP).
  • Step S1103 The station sends a re-association request frame to the target AP.
  • the current AP address field in the re-association request frame carries the MAC address of the MLD where the current AP is located.
  • the target station after receiving the re-association request frame, the target station responds to the Ack frame
  • Step S1104 The target AP replies with a re-association response frame to the current station.
  • the station after receiving the re-association response frame, the station replies with an Ack frame
  • both the re-association request frame and the re-association response frame carry the first address information.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located in the first address information is carried in the MAC address field of the target AP, or carried in a newly added field.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located in the first address information is carried in the MAC address field of the station, or carried in a newly added field.
  • the station sending the re-association request frame does not belong to the MLD, the MAC address field of the station is still used to carry the MAC address of the station sending the re-association request frame.
  • the embodiments of this application are also applicable to the FT resource request protocol.
  • the FT resource request protocol based on the DS system also includes the following steps between step S1102 and step S1103:
  • Step S1105 The station sends an FT confirmation (confirm) frame to the current AP.
  • the current AP replies with an Ack frame.
  • Step S1106 The current AP sends an FT ACK frame to the station.
  • the station replies with an Ack frame.
  • the FT confirmation (confirm) frame includes an FTconfirm action field
  • the FTconfirm action field includes classification, FT action, STA address, target AP address, and FTconfirm frame body subfields, and has a structure similar to FIG. 13.
  • the FTAck frame includes an FTACK action field.
  • the FTACK action field includes classification, FT action, STA address, target AP address, status code word, and FT Ack frame body subfields, and has a structure similar to that shown in FIG. 14.
  • the FTconfirm frame and the FT Ack frame carry the first address information, and the specific carrying method is as described in the previous FT request frame and FT response frame, and will not be repeated here.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located, and the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located may also not exist. The details are as described in the FT request frame and the FT response, which will not be repeated here.
  • the method provides a method for a site multi-link device to quickly switch to an AP multi-link device, or a method for a site to quickly switch to an AP multi-link device, or a site multi-link device quickly
  • the method of switching to AP can help all stations of the multi-link device participate in fast switching.
  • Figure 12 is a fast BSS handover method based on wireless air interface provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the target AP (Target AP)
  • the target AP is an AP in an AP multi-link device.
  • the method includes:
  • Step S1201 The station sends an authentication request frame to the target AP.
  • the target AP replies with an Ack frame.
  • Step S1202 The target AP sends an authentication response frame to the station.
  • the station replies with an Ack frame.
  • the authentication request frame and the authentication response frame also carry first address information, such as carried in the frame body, where the first address information includes the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located, and the MLD where the target AP is located. And the MAC address of the target AP; or, the first address information includes the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located and the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located.
  • the authentication request frame carries the first address information.
  • the SA address field of the authentication request frame carries the MAC address of the MLD where the STA is located
  • the DA field carries the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located.
  • the authentication response frame carries the first address information.
  • the SA address field in the authentication response frame carries the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located
  • the DA field carries the MLD address where the STA is located.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the site is located, and the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located may also not exist one or more, as described in the FT request frame and FT response, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step S1203 The station sends a re-association request frame to the target AP.
  • the current AP address field in the re-association request frame carries the MAC address of the MLD where the current AP is located.
  • the target station after receiving the re-association request frame, the target station responds to the Ack frame
  • Step S1204 The target AP replies a re-association response frame to the current station.
  • the station after receiving the re-association response frame, replies with an Ack frame.
  • both the re-association request frame and the re-association response frame carry the first address information.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located in the first address information is carried in the MAC address field of the target AP, or carried in a newly added field.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located in the first address information is carried in the MAC address field of the station, or carried in a newly added field.
  • the station sending the re-association request frame does not belong to the MLD, the MAC address field of the station is still used to carry the MAC address of the station sending the re-association request frame.
  • the embodiments of this application are also applicable to the FT resource request protocol.
  • the FT resource request protocol based on the wireless air interface also includes:
  • Step S1205 The station sends an authentication confirmation (confirm) frame to the current AP.
  • Step S1206 The current AP sends an authentication ACK frame to the station.
  • the authentication confirmation (confirm) frame and the authentication ACK frame also carry the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located, and one or more of the MAC addresses of the MLD where the target AP is located, for example, are carried in the frame body.
  • the authentication confirmation (confirm) frame carries the first address information.
  • the SA address field of the authentication confirmation (confirm) frame carries the MLD address where the STA is located
  • the DA field carries the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located.
  • the authentication Ack frame carries first address information.
  • the SA address field in the authentication Ack frame carries the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located
  • the DA field carries the MLD address where the STA is located.
  • the MAC address of the MLD where the station is located, and the MAC address of the MLD where the target AP is located may also not exist. The details are as described in the FT request frame and the FT response, which will not be repeated here.
  • the STA Address and Target AP Address fields in the corresponding FT Request/Response/confirm/ACK frame should carry the corresponding non-AP MLD SAP Address and SAP Address of AP MLD.
  • the method provides a method for a site multi-link device to quickly switch to an AP multi-link device, or a method for a site to quickly switch to an AP multi-link device, or a site multi-link device to quickly switch
  • the method of switching to AP can help all stations of the multi-link device participate in fast switching.
  • FIG. 15 shows a communication device 1500 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be an access point AP (such as a reporting AP in an AP multi-link device) or a station (such as receiving the first management The station of the frame, or the station that receives the second management frame, or the station in the above-mentioned BSS handover process), can also be an access point AP (such as the reporting AP in an AP multi-link device) or a station (such as receiving the first management The chip or processing system in the station of the frame, or the station that receives the second management frame, or the station in the above-mentioned BSS handover procedure) can implement the methods and functions of the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG.
  • an access point AP such as a reporting AP in an AP multi-link device
  • a station such as receiving the first management The station of the frame, or the station that receives the second management frame, or the station in the above-mentioned BSS handover procedure
  • the communication device may include one or more of the components shown in FIG. 15.
  • the components shown in FIG. 15 may include at least one processor 1501, a memory 1502, a transceiver 1503, and a communication bus 1504.
  • the processor 1501 is the control center of the communication device 1500, and may be a processor or a collective name for multiple processing elements.
  • the processor 1501 is a central processing unit (CPU), or a specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application
  • one or more microprocessors digital signal processor, DSP
  • one or more field programmable gate arrays Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA
  • the processor 1501 can execute various functions of the communication device by running or executing a software program stored in the memory 1502 and calling data stored in the memory 1502.
  • the processor 1501 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG. 15.
  • the communication device 1500 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1501 and the processor 1505 shown in FIG. 15. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU).
  • the processor here may refer to one or more communication devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions).
  • the memory 1502 can be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage communication devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions.
  • the type of dynamic storage communication equipment can also be Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, Optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage communication devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and Any other medium that can be accessed by the computer, but not limited to this.
  • EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
  • Optical disc storage including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.
  • magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage communication devices or can be
  • the memory 1502 may exist independently, and is connected to the processor 1501 through a communication bus 15010.
  • the memory 1502 may also be integrated with the processor 1501. Wherein, the memory 1502 is used to store a software program for executing the solution of the application, and the processor 1501 controls the execution.
  • the transceiver 1503 is used for communication with other devices (for example, the second device). Of course, the transceiver 1503 may also be used to communicate with a communication network, such as an Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), and a wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Networks, WLAN).
  • the transceiver 1503 may include a receiving unit to implement a receiving function, and a sending unit to implement a sending function.
  • the communication bus 15010 may be an industry standard architecture (Industry Standard Architecture, ISA) bus, an external communication device interconnection (Peripheral Component, PCI) bus, or an extended industry standard architecture (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, EISA) bus, etc.
  • ISA Industry Standard Architecture
  • PCI Peripheral Component
  • EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 15 to represent it, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the communication device 1500 is a complete device.
  • the communication device may include a processor 1501, a memory 1502, a transceiver 1503, and a communication bus 1504.
  • it may also include other components, such as a display frequency, etc. .
  • the communication device 1500 is an access point AP (for example, a reporting AP in an AP multi-link device), which can be used to implement the methods and functions in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
  • a computer program (instruction) is stored in the memory.
  • the processor calls the computer program, the above methods and functions are realized.
  • the processor is used to generate the first management frame (carrying the simplified neighbor report element), and the transceiver is used to send the second Management frame (carrying neighbor report elements).
  • the processor is used to control the transceiver to perform step S401.
  • the process of generating the first management frame involved in step S401 can also be completed by the processor.
  • the communication device 1500 is a station, which may be used to implement the methods and functions related to the station in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9.
  • a computer program is stored in the memory.
  • the processor calls the computer program, the above methods and functions are realized.
  • the processor is used to generate signaling or frames (such as FT request frames or authentication request frames), and the transceiver is used to send Signaling or frame (such as receiving FT response frame, or authentication response frame).
  • the processor is used to generate and control the transceiver to receive the FT request frame or the authentication request frame in step S901, and then the processor determines whether it needs to reply the FT response frame or the authentication response frame according to the relevant conditions, and if it needs to reply, it will send it through the transceiver.
  • the FT response frame or authentication response frame is used to generate and control the transceiver to receive the FT request frame or the authentication request frame in step S901, and then the processor determines whether it needs to reply the FT response frame or the authentication response frame according to the relevant conditions, and if it needs to reply, it will send it through the transceiver.
  • the FT response frame or authentication response frame is used to generate and control the transceiver to receive the FT request frame or the authentication request frame in step S901, and then the processor determines whether it needs to reply the FT response frame or the authentication response frame according to the relevant conditions, and if it needs to reply, it will send it through the transceiver.
  • the communication device 1500 is an access point AP (for example, a reporting AP in an AP multi-link device) or a station (for example, a station that receives a first management frame, or a station that receives a second management frame, or the aforementioned BSS Switch the chip system or processing system in the site) in the process, so that the device on which the chip system or processing system is installed realizes the methods and functions in the embodiments shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 9 or FIG. 11 or FIG. Then the communication device 1500 may include some components as shown in FIG. 15.
  • the communication device 1500 includes a processor, which may be coupled with a memory, and call and execute instructions in the memory, so as to configure the chip system or the processing system.
  • the memory may be a component in a chip system or a processing system, and may also be a component of an external coupling link of the chip system or the processing system.
  • the chip system or processing system is installed in an access point AP (for example, a reporting AP in an AP multi-link device) or a station (such as a station that receives the first management frame or a station that receives the second management frame, or In the above-mentioned station in the BSS handover procedure), the access point AP (for example, the reporting AP in the AP multi-link device) or the station (such as the station that receives the first management frame or the station that receives the second management frame) can be used, or
  • the stations in the above-mentioned BSS handover procedure implement the corresponding methods and functions in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the chip system or processing system can support 802.11 series protocols for communication, such as 802.11be, 802.11ax, 802.11ac, and so on.
  • the chip system can be installed in devices in various scenarios that support WLAN transmission. The devices in the WLAN transmission scenario have been introduced at the beginning of this specification, and will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application can perform the reporting to the access point AP (for example, the reporting AP in the AP multi-link device) or the station (for example, the station that receives the first management frame, or the station that receives the second management frame, or the above-mentioned BSS) according to the above-mentioned method examples.
  • Switching stations in the process divide functional modules.
  • each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 16 shows a possible structural diagram of a communication device 1600.
  • the communication device 1600 may be a chip or a processing system in a link device or a multi-link device.
  • the communication device 1600 can perform the operation of the multi-link device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the communication device 1600 includes a processing unit 1601 and a transceiver unit 1602.
  • the communication device 1600 is the aforementioned access point AP (for example, the reporting AP in an AP multi-link device) or a station (such as a station that receives the first management frame, or a station that receives the second management frame, or the aforementioned BSS switching Sites in the process).
  • AP for example, the reporting AP in an AP multi-link device
  • a station such as a station that receives the first management frame, or a station that receives the second management frame, or the aforementioned BSS switching Sites in the process.
  • the processing unit 1601 may be used to control and manage the actions of the communication device 1600. For example, the first management frame or the second management frame is generated. For another example, the operation of the transceiver unit 1602 is controlled.
  • the processing unit 1601 may also execute programs or instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the communication device 1600 implements the methods and functions involved in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the aforementioned processing unit 1601 may control the transceiver unit to perform, for example, step S401 in FIG. 4, or step 901 in FIG. 9, or, steps S1101-S1104 in FIG. 11, or, steps S1201-S1204 in FIG. 12, and / Or other processes used in the techniques described herein.
  • all relevant content of the steps involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional module, which will not be repeated here.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver unit 1602 can send and receive data or signaling transmitted on one link, and can also send and receive data or signaling transmitted on multiple links.
  • the transceiver unit 1602 may be one transceiver module, or may include multiple transceiver modules.
  • the transceiver module can send and receive data on multiple links. For example, if the first multi-link device works on two links, when the transceiver unit 1602 includes two transceiver modules, one of the transceiver modules works on one link, and the other transceiver module works on the other link.
  • the foregoing transceiver unit 1602 may be used to perform step S401 in FIG. 4, or step S901 in FIG. 9, or, steps S1101-S1104 in FIG. 11, or, steps S1201-S1204 in FIG. 12, and / Or other processes used in the techniques described herein.
  • all relevant content of the steps involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional module, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 1600 may be the communication device shown in FIG. 15, the processing unit 1601 may be the processor 1501 in FIG. 15, and the transceiving unit BB02 may be the transceiver 1503 in FIG. 15.
  • the communication device 1600 may further include a memory, and the memory is used to store the program code and data corresponding to any of the communication methods between the multi-link devices provided by the communication device 1600. The descriptions of all related content of the components involved in FIG. 15 can be quoted from the functional descriptions of the corresponding components of the communication device 1600, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 1600 may also be a chip or a processor, wherein the processing unit 1602 is a processing circuit in the chip or the processor, and the transceiver unit 1602 may be an input/output circuit in the chip or the processor.
  • the circuit is the interface between the chip or processor and other coupling components to communicate or exchange data. It can ensure that signaling or data information or program instructions are input to the chip or processor for processing, and the processed data or signaling is output to Other coupled components, and control the first multi-link device on which the chip or processor is installed to realize the functions.
  • the communication device 1600 is the second device or a chip in the second device.
  • the foregoing processing unit 1601 may be used to generate a first management frame or a second management frame.
  • the first management frame in step S401 in FIG. 4 is generated by the processing unit 1601, or S901 in FIG.
  • the second management frame in is generated by the processing unit 1601, or the FT request frame in step S1101 in FIG. 11 is generated by the processing unit 1601, or the authentication request frame in step S1201 in FIG. 12 is generated by the processing unit 1601, And/or other processes used in the techniques described herein.
  • all relevant content of the steps involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional module, which will not be repeated here.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver unit 1602 can send and receive data or signaling transmitted on one link, and can also send and receive data or signaling transmitted on multiple links.
  • the transceiver unit 1602 may be one transceiver module, or may include multiple transceiver modules.
  • the transceiver module can send and receive data on multiple links. For example, if the station works on two links, when the transceiver unit 1602 includes two transceiver modules, one transceiver module works on one link, and the other transceiver module works on the other link.
  • the foregoing transceiver unit 1602 may be used to perform step S401 in FIG.
  • all relevant content of the steps involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding functional module, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 1600 may be the communication device shown in FIG. 15, and the processing unit 1601 may be the processor 1501 in FIG. 15 and the transceiving unit 1602 may be the transceiver 1503 in FIG. 15.
  • the communication device 1600 may further include a memory, and the memory is used to store the program code and data corresponding to any of the methods provided above by the communication device 1600.
  • the descriptions of all related content of the components involved in FIG. 15 can be quoted from the functional descriptions of the corresponding components of the communication device 1600, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 1600 may also be a chip or a processor, wherein the processing unit 1602 is a processing circuit in the chip or the processor, and the transceiver unit 1602 may be an input/output circuit in the chip or the processor.
  • the circuit is the interface between the chip or processor and other coupling components to communicate or exchange data. It can ensure that signaling or data information or program instructions are input to the chip or processor for processing, and the processed data or signaling is output to Other coupled components, and control the device on which the chip or processor is installed to realize the functions.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer program code, and when the above-mentioned processor executes the computer program code, the electronic device (such as AP, , Site) executes the method of any one of the embodiments in FIG. 4, or FIG. 9, or FIG. 11, or FIG. 12.
  • the electronic device such as AP, , Site
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product.
  • the computer such as an AP, a station
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which can exist in the form of a chip product.
  • the structure of the device includes a processor and an interface circuit.
  • the processor is used to communicate with other devices through a receiving circuit so that the device can execute The method in any one of the embodiments in FIG. 4, FIG. 9, or FIG. 11, or FIG. 12 described above.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system.
  • the communication system includes the aforementioned access point AP (for example, the reporting AP in the AP multi-link device) and a station.
  • the access point AP for example, the AP in the AP multi-link device
  • the reporting AP and the station can execute the method in the embodiment of FIG. 4 or FIG. 9 or FIG. 11 or FIG. 12 described above.
  • the communication system includes the above-mentioned station, and the station may execute the method in the above-mentioned embodiment in FIG. 11.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in combination with the disclosure of the present application may be implemented in a hardware manner, or may be implemented in a manner in which a processor executes software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable ROM, EPROM), and electrically erasable Programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM), register, hard disk, mobile hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be an integral part of the processor.
  • the processor and the storage medium may be located in the ASIC.
  • the ASIC may be located in the core network interface device.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist as discrete components in the core network interface device.
  • the functions described in this application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on the computer-readable medium.
  • the computer-readable medium includes a computer-readable storage medium and a communication medium, where the communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • the storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种接入点AP多链路设备发现方法及相关装置，比如应用于支持802.11be的WLAN中，该方法包括：汇报AP向站点发送第一管理帧，其中所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，所述邻居AP信息指示的被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个多链路设备或者与汇报AP所在的多链路设备中的其他AP属于同一个多BSSID集合；这样一来，接收到第一管理帧的站点就可以获知AP多链路设备上的MLD结构和多BSSID集合结构，从而有利于站点更好地选择合适的AP进行关联。

Description

接入点AP多链路设备发现方法及相关装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及节点AP多链路设备发现方法及相关装置。
背景技术
为了大幅提升WLAN系统的业务传输速率，电气和电子工程师协会(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，IEEE)802.11ax标准在现有正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)技术的基础上，进一步采用正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，OFDMA)技术。OFDMA技术支持多个节点同时发送和接收数据，从而实现多站点分集增益。在802.11ax定稿的2017年，美国联邦通信委员会(Federal Communications Commission，FCC)开放了一段新的免费频段5925-7125MHz，下述简称该段频段为6GHz。于是802.11ax标准工作者在802.11ax项目授权申请书(Project Authorization Requests，PAR)中把802.11ax设备工作范围从2.4GHz，5GHz拓展到2.4GHz，5GHz和6GHz。
IEEE 802.11下一代WiFi协议(extremely high throughput，EHT)设备由于需向前兼容，因此也会支持802.11ax设备的工作频谱，即会支持2.4GHz，5GHz和6GHz频段。根据最新开放的免费的6GHz频段，基于该频段做信道划分，可支持的带宽可以超过在5GHz支持的最大带宽160MHz，比如320MHz。除了通过超大带宽，IEEE 802.11ax下一代WiFi-极高吞吐量还可以通过更多的流数，比如流数增加到16流，以及多个频段(2.4GHz，5GHz和6GHz)合作等方式提高峰值吞吐量。在同一频段上，还可以通过多个信道合作等方式提高峰值吞吐量，降低业务传输的时延。下面把多频段或多信道统称为多链路。802.11ax及之前的同工作频段的WiFi虽然配置多链路，但通常来讲，每个多链路建立不同的基本服务集(Basic Service Set，BSS)，一个时刻只能在一个链路跟该链路归属的BSS内的站点通信。
802.11ax及之前引进了多(Multiple)基本服务集识别号(Basic Service Setidentifier，BSSID)技术，主要功能是将一个物理AP上虚拟出多个逻辑AP，也就说形成多个虚拟网络，每个虚拟网络用来分别管理不同的站点，类似于现在WIFI场景下的AP产品中一个AP可以虚拟出家庭AP(home AP)以及客户AP(guest AP)。
如何让站点快速发现AP多链路设备，从而帮助站点快速找到合适AP进行关联是本领域的技术人员正在研究的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例公开了一种AP多链路设备发现方法及相关装置，能够能够更好地进行链路发现。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种AP多链路设备发现方法，该方法包括：
汇报AP向站点发送第一管理帧，其中所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，
所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息、第二信息、第三信息中一项或多项，其中；
所述第一信息用于指示被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
所述第二信息用于指示所述被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一 个多BSSID集合；
所述第三信息用于指示所述被汇报AP和所述汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
在上述方法中，通过在第一管理帧的精简邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，以及所在的Multiple BSSID集合的信息，使得接收该第一管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD以及Multiple BSSID集合中的基本情况，从而更好地从汇报AP和被汇报AP中选择合适AP进行关联。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种AP多链路设备发现方法，该方法包括：
站点接收汇报AP发送第一管理帧，其中所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，
所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息、第二信息、第三信息中一项或多项，其中；
所述第一信息用于指示被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
所述第二信息用于指示所述被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
所述第三信息用于指示所述被汇报AP和所述汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
在上述方法中，通过在第一管理帧的精简邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，以及所在的Multiple BSSID集合的信息，使得接收该第一管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD以及Multiple BSSID集合中的基本情况，从而更好地从汇报AP和被汇报AP中选择合适AP进行关联。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种AP多链路设备发现装置，该装置包括：
发送单元，用于向站点发送第一管理帧，其中所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，
所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息、第二信息、第三信息中一项或多项，其中；
所述第一信息用于指示被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
所述第二信息用于指示所述被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
所述第三信息用于指示所述被汇报AP和所述汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
在上述方法中，通过在第一管理帧的精简邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，以及所在的Multiple BSSID集合的信息，使得接收该第一管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD以及Multiple BSSID集合中的基本情况，从而更好地从汇报AP和被汇报AP中选择合适AP进行关联。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种AP多链路设备发现装置，该装置包括：
接收单元，用于接收汇报AP发送的第一管理帧，其中，所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，
所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息、第二信息、第三信息中一项或多项，其中；
所述第一信息用于指示被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
所述第二信息用于指示所述被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
所述第三信息用于指示所述被汇报AP和所述汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
在上述方法中，通过在第一管理帧的精简邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，以及所在的Multiple BSSID集合的信息，使得接收该第一管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD以及Multiple BSSID集合中的基本情况，从而更好地从汇报AP和被汇报AP中选择合适AP进行关联。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第四信息，其中，所述第四信息用于指示被汇报AP是否属于多BSSID集合。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第八信息，其中，所述所述第八信息包括被汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，若所述被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述第八信息。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，若所述被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述第八信息。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第九信息，其中，所述第九信息包括所述被汇报AP所属的多BSSID集合的多BSSID集合序号。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
若所述被汇报AP属于多BSSID集合，
且所述被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD，
则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述第九信息。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，
若所述被汇报AP与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，
则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述第九信息。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示所述被汇报AP的链路标识。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第六信息和第七信息中的一项或者多项，其中：
所述第六信息用于指示所述汇报AP的链路标识和/或汇报AP所在MLD的MAC地址；
一种实现方式中，所述第六信息位于所述第一管理帧的MLD元素中；
一种实现方式中，AP MLD中的汇报AP在其工作的链路上发送所述第一管理帧，所述第一管理帧中携带所述MLD元素。
一种实现方式中，所述MLD元素包括MLD公共信息，不携带每个AP对应的子元素信息，所述MLD公共信息包括MLD MAC地址，链路标识，MLD序号中的至少一个。
其中，所述MLD序号用来指示一个AP MLD的序号，与所述第一管理帧中的精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element，RNR元素)中的第八信息指示的MLD序号相同。换句话说，针对于同一个AP MLD，所述第一管理帧中携带的RNR元素中携带的MLD序号与所述第一管理帧中携带的MLD元素携带的MLD序号相同。
所述第七信息用于指示所述第一管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息，或者用于指示管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息以及全部第一被汇报AP所在的多BSSID集合中的成员的信息，所述第一被汇报AP为所述汇报AP所属的MLD中除所述汇报 AP的其他AP成员。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息携带于精简邻居汇报元素或邻居汇报元素。
在第一方面、第二方面、第三方面、或第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一管理帧为信标帧，或者探测响应帧。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种AP多链路设备发现方法，该方法包括：
汇报AP向站点发送第二管理帧，所述第二管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息，所述第一信息包括如下一项或多项：
被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP属于同一个MLD；
所述被汇报AP是否属于一个MLD中的AP；
所述被汇报AP与前一个被汇报的被汇报AP同属于同一个MLD。
在上述方法中，通过在第二管理帧的邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，使得接收该第二管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD的基本情况，从而更好地从邻居AP中选择作为站点切换BSS时的候选AP。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种AP多链路设备发现方法，该方法包括：
站点接收汇报AP发送的第二管理帧，所述第二管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息，所述第一信息包括如下一项或多项：
被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP属于同一个MLD；
所述被汇报AP是否属于一个MLD中的AP；
所述被汇报AP与前一个被汇报的被汇报AP同属于同一个MLD。
在上述方法中，通过在第二管理帧的邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，使得接收该第二管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD的基本情况，从而更好地从邻居AP中选择作为站点切换BSS时的候选AP。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种AP多链路设备发现装置，该装置包括：
发送单元，用于向站点发送第二管理帧，所述第二管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息，所述第一信息包括如下一项或多项：
被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP属于同一个MLD；
所述被汇报AP是否属于一个MLD中的AP；
所述被汇报AP与前一个被汇报的被汇报AP同属于同一个MLD。
在上述方法中，通过在第二管理帧的邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，使得接收该第二管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD的基本情况，从而更好地从邻居AP中选择作为站点切换BSS时的候选AP。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种AP多链路设备发现装置，该装置包括：
接收单元，用于接收汇报AP发送的第二管理帧，所述第二管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息，所述第一信息包括如下一项或多项：
被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP属于同一个MLD；
所述被汇报AP是否属于一个MLD中的AP；
所述被汇报AP与前一个被汇报的被汇报AP同属于同一个MLD。
在上述方法中，通过在第二管理帧的邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，使得接收该第二管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD的基本情况，从而更好地从邻居AP中选择作为站点切换BSS时的候选AP。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第二信息，所述第二信息包括所述被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD的MAC地址、所述被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD所包含的AP个数、所述被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD中各AP之间的同时收发STR能力指示、所述被汇报AP所对应的链路标识、所述被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD中除所述被汇报AP外的其他AP的信息中的一项或多项。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，若所述被汇报AP属于一个MLD中的AP，则所述邻居AP的信息还包括所述第二信息。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二信息具体包括所述被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD的MAC地址。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备中除所述被汇报AP外的其他AP中的每个AP的信息承载于一个邻居汇报元素中。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息包括操作集，信道号和BSSID，所述邻居AP的信息承载于邻居汇报元素中。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述邻居AP的信息包括链路标识，所述邻居AP的信息承载于邻居汇报元素中。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一信息具体携带在邻居汇报元素的BSSID信息字段的保留字段中或者精简邻居汇报元素中。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二信息具体携带在邻居汇报元素的可选子元素字段中。
在第五方面、第六方面、第七方面、或第八方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第二管理帧为信标帧，探测响应帧，关联响应帧，重关联响应帧，或者鉴权帧。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种快速BSS切换方法，该方法包括：
向关联的当前接入点AP发送快速切换请求帧，其中，所述快速切换请求帧用于请求切换到目标AP，所述目标AP属于一个AP多链路设备MLD中的AP；
接收所述当前AP发送的快速切换响应帧，所述快速切换响应帧包括所述第一地址信息。
其中，所述快速切换请求帧和所述快速切换响应帧包括第一地址信息，其中，所述第一地址信息包括发送所述快速切换请求帧的站点所在的MLD的MAC地址和所述目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址。
采用上述方法能够帮助多链路设备的所有站点参与快速切换。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供一种快速BSS切换方法，该方法包括：
当前接入点AP接收站点发送的快速切换请求帧，其中，所述快速切换请求帧用于请求切换到目标AP，所述目标AP属于一个AP多链路设备MLD中的AP；
所述当前AP向所述站点发送快速切换响应帧，所述快速切换响应帧包括所述第一地址信息。
其中，所述快速切换请求帧和所述快速切换响应帧包括第一地址信息，其中，所述第一地址信息包括发送所述快速切换请求帧的站点所在的MLD的MAC地址和所述目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址。
采用上述方法能够帮助多链路设备的所有站点参与快速切换。
第十一方面，本申请实施例提供一种快速BSS切换装置，该装置包括：
发送单元，用于向关联的当前接入点AP发送快速切换请求帧，其中，所述快速切换请求帧用于请求切换到目标AP，所述目标AP属于一个AP多链路设备MLD中的AP；
接收单元，用于接收所述当前AP发送的快速切换响应帧，所述快速切换响应帧包括所述第一地址信息。
其中，所述快速切换请求帧和所述快速切换响应帧包括第一地址信息，其中，所述第一地址信息包括发送所述快速切换请求帧的站点所在的MLD的MAC地址和所述目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址。
采用上述方法能够帮助多链路设备的所有站点参与快速切换。
第十二方面，本申请实施例提供一种快速BSS切换装置，该装置包括：
接收单元，用于接收站点发送的快速切换请求帧，其中，所述快速切换请求帧用于请求切换到目标AP，所述目标AP属于一个AP多链路设备MLD中的AP；
发送单元，用于向所述站点发送快速切换响应帧，所述快速切换响应帧包括所述第一地址信息。
其中，所述快速切换请求帧和所述快速切换响应帧包括第一地址信息，其中，所述第一地址信息包括发送所述快速切换请求帧的站点所在的MLD的MAC地址和所述目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址。
采用上述方法能够帮助多链路设备的所有站点参与快速切换。
在第九方面、第十方面、第十一方面、或第十二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一地址信息中的发送所述快速切换请求帧和快速切换响应帧的站点所在的MLD的MAC地址携带在站点地址字段中；所述第一地址信息中的所述目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址携带在目标AP地址字段中。
本申请实施例的第十三方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序在处理器上运行时，使得所述处理器执行上述第一方面、第二方面、第五方面、第六方面、第九方面、第十方面中任一方面及对应可能的实现方式中的方法。
本申请实施例的第十四方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，该程序产品储存有上述处理器执行的计算机程序(指令)，当所述计算机程序在处理器上运行时，使得所述处理器执行上述第一方面、第二方面、第五方面、第六方面、第九方面、第十方面中任一方面及对应可能的实现方式中的方法。
本申请实施例的第十五方面，提供了一种通信装置，该装置包括处理器，还可以包括收发器以及存储器，收发器，用于收发信息，或者用于与其他网元通信；存储器，用于存储计算机程序(指令)；处理器，用于执行所计算机程序，以支持通信装置实现上述第一方面、第二方面、第五方面、第六方面、第九方面、第十方面中任一方面及对应可能的实现方式中的方法。
本申请实施例的第十六方面，提供了一种通信装置，该装置可以以芯片的产品形态存在， 该装置的结构中包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，该存储器用于与处理器耦合，保存该装置必要的程序(指令)和数据，该处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以支持通信装置执行上述第一方面、第二方面、第五方面、第六方面、第九方面、第十方面中任一方面及对应可能的实现方式中的方法。可选的，该存储器可以位于处理器中，为内部存储，该处理器还可以位于该处理器外，与该处理器耦合链接，为外部存储。
本申请实施例的第十七方面，提供了一种通信装置，该装置可以以芯片的产品形态存在，该装置的结构中包括处理器和接口电路，该处理器用于通过接收电路与其它装置通信，使得该装置执行上述第一方面、第二方面、第五方面、第六方面、第九方面、第十方面中任一方面及对应可能的实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
以下对本申请实施例用到的附图进行介绍。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图；
图2(a)为本申请实施例提供的一种多链路设备的结构示意图；
图2(b)为本申请实施例提供的另一种多链路设备的结构示意图；
图2(c)为本申请实施例提供的另一种多链路设备的结构示意图；
图3(a)为本申请实施例提供的一种多链路通信的示意图；
图3(b)为本申请实施例提供的另一种多链路通信的示意图；
图3(c)为本申请实施例提供的一种邻居汇报元素的格式示意图；
图3(d)为本申请实施例提供的一种精简的邻居汇报元素的格式示意图；
图3(e)为本申请实施例提供的一种TBTT信息字段的格式示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种AP多链路设备发现方法的交互示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种基于MLD的Multiple BSSID集合框架示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的又一种基于MLD的Multiple BSSID集合框架示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的又一种基于MLD的Multiple BSSID集合框架示意图；
图8(a)为本申请实施例提供的又一种TBTT信息字段的格式示意图；
图8(b)为本申请实施例提供的又一种TBTT信息字段的格式示意图；
图8(c)为本申请实施例提供的又一种TBTT信息字段的格式示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的又一种AP多链路设备发现方法的交互示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的又一种邻居汇报元素的格式示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种基于DS系统的快速BSS切换方法的交互示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种基于无线空口的快速BSS切换方法的交互示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供一种FT请求行动帧字段格式示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供又一种FT请求行动帧字段格式示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的组成示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的组成示意图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的一种MLD元素的结构示意图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的又一MLD元素的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面首先对本申请涉及的相关技术进行介绍，然后结合附图对本申请实施例进行描述。
本申请实施例提供一种应用于无线通信系统的通信方法。该无线通信系统可以为无线局域网(Wireless local area network，WLAN)或蜂窝网，该方法可以由无线通信系统中的通信设备或通信设备中的芯片或处理器实现，该通信设备可以是一种支持多条链路并行进行传输的无线通信设备，例如，称为多链路设备(Multi-link device)或多频段设备(multi-band device)。比如，在无线局域网中，该通信设备支持采用IEEE 802.11系列协议进行通信，IEEE 802.11系列协议包括：802.11be,802.11ax，或802.11a/b/g/n/ac。
一、多链路设备(Multi-link device，MLD)，也称多频段设备(multi-band device)。
多链路设备MLD包括一个或多个隶属的站点，隶属的站点是逻辑上的站点，“多链路设备包括隶属站点”在本申请实施例中也简要描述为“多链路设备包括站点”。隶属的站点可以为接入点(Access Point，AP)或非接入点站点(non-Access Point Station,non-AP STA)。为描述方便，本申请将隶属的站点为AP的多链路设备可以称为多链路AP或AP多链路设备或AP多链路设备(AP multi-link device)，隶属的站点为non-AP STA的多链路设备可以称为多链路STA或多链路STA设备或STA多链路设备(STA multi-link device)。
多链路设备MLD可以遵循802.11系列协议实现无线通信，例如，遵循极高吞吐率(Extremely High Throughput，EHT)，或遵循基于802.11be或兼容支持802.11be，从而实现与其他设备的通信，当然其他设备可以是多链路设备，也可以不是多链路设备。
每个逻辑的站点可以工作在一条链路上，但允许多个逻辑站点工作在同一条链路上，下文提到的链路标识表征的是工作在一条链路上的一个站点，即如果一条链路上有多于1个逻辑上的站点，则需要多于1个链路标识表征他们，下文提到的链路标识有时也表示工作在该条链路上的站点。一个多链路设备与另一个多链路设备在数据传输时，在通信之前，该一个多链路设备与该另一个多链路设备可以先协商或沟通链路标识与一条链路或一条链路上的站点的对应关系或者AP多链路设备通过广播的管理帧，比如信标帧，指示链路标识与一条链路或一条链路上的站点的对应关系。因此在数据传输中，不需要传输大量的信令信息用来指示链路或链路上的站点，携带链路标识即可，降低了信令开销，提升了传输效率。
下面以上述一个多链路设备为AP多链路设备，上述另一个多链路设备为STA多链路设备为例进行举例说明。一个示例中，AP多链路设备在建立BSS时，发送的管理帧，比如beacon帧，会携带一个包括多个链路标识信息字段的元素，每个链路标识信息字段可以建议一个链路标识与工作在一个链路上的站点的对应关系。每个链路标识信息字段包括链路标识，还包括：MAC地址，操作集，信道号中的一个或多个，其中MAC地址，操作集，信道号中的一个或多个可以指示一条链路；另一个示例中，在多链路建立关联过程中，AP多链路设备和STA多链路设备协商多个链路标识信息字段。在后续的通信中，AP多链路设备或者STA多链路设备会通过链路标识来表征多链路设备中的一个站点，链路标识还可以表征该站点的MAC地址，工作的操作集，信道号中的一个或多个属性。其中MAC地址，也可以换成关联后AP多链路设备的关联标识。可选的，如果是多个站点工作在一条链路上，那么链路标识(是一个数字的ID)，表征的意义除了包括链路所在的操作集，信道号，还包括工作在该链路上的站点标识，比如站点的MAC地址或者AID。
图1以无线局域网为例，介绍了本申请实施例的一种应用场景图。该应用场景包括：第一站点101和第二站点102，第一站点101可以与第二站点102之间采用多条链路进行通信，从而达到提升吞吐量的效果。第一站点可以为多链路设备，第二站点可以为单链路设备或多链路设备等。一种场景中，第一站点101为AP多链路设备，第二站点102为STA多链路设备或站点(比如单链路站点)；另一场景中，第一站点101为STA多链路设备，第二站点102 为AP(比如单链路AP)或AP多链路设备。又一种场景中，第一站点101为AP多链路设备，第二站点102为AP多链路设备或AP；又一种场景中，第一站点101为STA多链路设备，第二站点102为STA多链路设备或STA。当然，该无线局域网还可包括其他设备。图1示意的设备的数量及类型仅是示例性的。
图2(a)、图2(b)示出了参与通信的AP多链路设备和STA多链路设备的结构示意图。802.11标准关注AP多链路设备和STA多链路设备(如手机、笔记本电脑)中的802.11物理层(Physical layer，PHY)和媒体接入控制(Media Access Control，MAC)层部分。
如图2(a)所示，AP多链路设备包括的多个AP在低MAC(Low MAC)层和PHY层互相独立，在高MAC(High MAC)层也互相独立；STA多链路设备包括的多个STA在低MAC(Low MAC)层和PHY层互相独立，在高MAC(High MAC)层也互相独立。
如图2(b)所示，AP多链路设备中包括的多个AP在低MAC(Low MAC)层和PHY层互相独立，共用高MAC(High MAC)层。STA多链路设备中包括的多个STA在低MAC(Low MAC)层和PHY层互相独立，共用高MAC(High MAC)层。
当然，STA多链路设备可以是采用高MAC层相互独立的结构，而AP多链路设备采用高MAC层共用的结构；也可以是STA多链路设备采用高MAC层共用的结构，AP多链路设备采用高MAC层相互独立的结构。示例性的，该高MAC层或低MAC层都可以由多链路设备的芯片系统中的一个处理器实现，还可以分别由一个芯片系统中的不同处理模块实现。
示例性的，本申请实施例中的多链路设备可以是单个天线的设备，也可以是多天线的设备。例如，可以是两个以上天线的设备。本申请实施例对于多链路设备包括的天线的数目并不进行限定，图2(c)以AP多链路设备为多天线，STA多链路设备为单天线为例进行了示意。在本申请的实施例中，多链路设备可以允许同一接入类型的业务在不同链路上传输，甚至允许相同的数据包在不同链路上传输；也可以不允许同一接入类型的业务在不同链路上传输，但允许不同接入类型的业务在不同的链路上传输。
多链路设备工作的频段可以包括但不限于：sub 1GHz，2.4GHz，5GHz，6GHz以及高频60GHz。图3(a)、图3(b)示出了无线局域网中多链路设备与其他设备通过多条链路进行通信的两种示意图。
图3(a)示出了一种AP多链路设备101和STA多链路设备102通信的场景，AP多链路设备101包括隶属的AP101-1和AP101-2，STA多链路设备102包括隶属的STA102-1和STA102-2，且AP多链路设备101和STA多链路设备102采用链路1和链路2并行进行通信。
图3(b)示出了一种AP多链路设备101与STA多链路设备102，STA多链路设备103以及STA104进行通信的场景，AP多链路设备101包括隶属的AP101-1至AP101-3，STA多链路设备102包括隶属的两个STA102-1和STA102-2，STA多链路设备103包括2个隶属的STA103-1,STA103-2,STA103-3，STA104为单链路设备，AP多链路设备可以分别采用链路1和链路3与STA多链路设备102进行通信，采用链路2和链路3与多链路103进行通信，采用链路1与STA104通信。一个示例中，STA104工作在2.4GHz频段；STA多链路设备103包括STA103-1和STA103-2，STA103-1工作在5GHz频段，STA103-2工作在6GHz频段；STA多链路设备102包括STA102-1和STA102-2，STA102-1工作在2.4GHz频段，STA102-2工作在6GHz频段。AP多链路设备中工作在2.4GHz频段的AP101-1可以通过链路1与STA104和STA多链路设备102中的STA102-2之间传输上行或下行数据。AP多链路设备中工作在5GHz频段的AP101-2可以通过链路2与STA多链路设备103中工作在5GHz频段的 STA103-1之间传输上行或下行数据。AP多链路设备101中工作在6GHz频段的AP101-3可通过链路3与STA多链路设备102中工作在6GHz频段的STA102-2之间传输上行或下行数据，还可通过链路3与STA多链路设备中的STA103-2之间传输上行或下行数据。
需要说明的是，图3(a)仅示出了AP多链路设备支持2个频段，图3(b)仅以AP多链路设备支持三个频段(2.4GHz，5GHz，6GHz)，每个频段对应一条链路，AP多链路设备101可以工作在链路1、链路2或链路3中的一条或多条链路为例进行示意。在AP侧或者STA侧，这里的链路还可以理解为工作在该链路上的站点。实际应用中，AP多链路设备和STA多链路设备还可以支持更多或更少的频段，即AP多链路设备和STA多链路设备可以工作在更多条链路或更少条链路上，本申请实施例对此并不进行限定。
示例性的，多链路设备为具有无线通信功能的装置，该装置可以为一个整机的设备，还可以是安装在整机设备中的芯片或处理系统等，安装这些芯片或处理系统的设备可以在这些芯片或处理系统的控制下，实现本申请实施例的方法和功能。例如，本申请实施例中的多链路STA具有无线收发功能，可以为支持802.11系列协议，可以与多链路AP或其他多链路STA或单链路设备进行通信，例如，多链路STA是允许用户与AP通信进而与WLAN通信的任何用户通信设备。例如，多链路STA可以为平板电脑、桌面型、膝上型、笔记本电脑、超级移动个人计算机(Ultra-mobile Personal Computer，UMPC)、手持计算机、上网本、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、手机等可以联网的用户设备，或物联网中的物联网节点，或车联网中的车载通信装置等，多链路STA还可以为上述这些终端中的芯片和处理系统。本申请实施例中的多链路AP为多链路STA提供服务的装置，可以支持802.11系列协议。例如，多链路AP可以为通信服务器、路由器、交换机、网桥等通信实体，或，所述多链路AP可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站等，当然多链路AP还可以为这些各种形式的设备中的芯片和处理系统，从而实现本申请实施例的方法和功能。并且，多链路设备可以支持高速率低时延的传输，随着无线局域网应用场景的不断演进，多链路设备还可以应用于更多场景中，比如为智慧城市中的传感器节点(比如，智能水表，智能电表，智能空气检测节点)，智慧家居中的智能设备(比如智能摄像头，投影仪，显示屏，电视机，音响，电冰箱，洗衣机等)，物联网中的节点，娱乐终端(比如AR，VR等可穿戴设备)，智能办公中智能设备(比如，打印机，投影仪等)，车联网中的车联网设备，日常生活场景中的一些基础设施(比如自动售货机，商超的自助导航台，自助收银设备，自助点餐机等)。本申请实施例中对于多链路STA和多链路AP的具体形式不做特殊限制，在此仅是示例性说明。其中，802.11系列协议可包括：802.11be,802.11ax，802.11a/b/g/n/ac等。
二、多(Multiple)基本服务集识别号(Basic Service Setidentifier，BSSID)模式。
Multiple BSSID(多BSSID)集合是一些合作AP的结合，所述合作的所有AP使用同一个操作集，信道号，以及天线接口。在Multiple BSSID集合中，只有一个Transmitted BSSID(传输)的AP，其他的AP都为Nontransmitted BSSID(非传输)的AP。Multiple BSSID集合的信息(也就是Multiple BSSID元素)携带于Transmitted BSSID AP发送的信标帧或者探测响应帧或邻居汇报中。Nontransmitted BSSID的AP的BSSID的信息是通过接收上述信标帧或者探测响应帧，或者邻居汇报中的Multiple BSSID元素等推导出来的。
在Multiple BSSID技术中，一个物理AP可以虚拟多个逻辑AP，每个虚拟后的AP管理一个BSS，不同的虚拟后的AP一般具有不同的SSID，以及权限，比如安全机制或者传输机会等。在虚拟后的多个AP中，存在一个虚拟AP的BSSID被配置为传输(Transmitted)BSSID， 该虚拟AP可以称为传输(Transmitted)AP，其他虚拟AP的BSSID被配置为non-ttransmitted BSSID，该虚拟AP可以称为非传输(nonttransmitted)AP。通常来说，Multiple BSSID的中多个AP还可以理解为一个AP设备虚拟出多个合作的AP设备。只有BSSID为Transmitted BSSID的AP可以发送信标帧(beacon)和探测响应帧(Probe Response)，如果STA发送的探测请求帧(Probe Request)是给Multiple BSSID集合(set)中的一个BSSID为Nontransmitted BSSID的AP，此时BSSID为TransmittedBSSID的AP需要帮忙响应探测响应帧。BSSID为Transmitted BSSID的AP发送的beacon帧包括Multiple BSSID元素，其他Nontransmitted BSSID的AP不能发送beacon帧。多个虚拟AP给其管理的站点分配的关联标识(AID association identifier)是共享一个空间的，也就是说多个虚拟的BSS中的站点被分配的AID是不能重合的。
可选的，MultipleBSSID元素如表1所示，包括元素ID，长度，最大BSSID指示，子元素，其中最大BSSID指示上述Multiple BSSID集合中包含的BSSID的最大个数为n，可选的子元素包括各个非传输BSSID的信息。接收端根据参考BSSID、最大BSSID指示以及BSSID的序号可以计算出多BSSID集合中每个BSSID的值，各个BSSID包括48位，其中多BSSID集合中每个BSSID的高(48-n)位的值与参考BSSID的高48-n位的值相同，多BSSID集合中每个BSSID的低n位的值为参考BSSID的低n为值与BSSID的序号x值的和，然后再以2n取模，其中参考BSSID(也就是Transmitted BSSID)携带于包含该Multiple BSSID元素的帧(比如信标帧)中的MAC头中的BSSID字段中，具体计算方法可参考802.11-2016标准协议。
表1 MultipleBSSID元素
  元素ID 长度 最大BSSID指示 可选的子元素
字节 1 1 6 可变
其中，表1中的“可选的子元素”可以如表2所示。
表2可选的子元素
子元素ID 名字 拓展
0 Nontransmitted BSSID profile 不可拓展
1-220 保留  
221 厂商专有 厂商定义
222-255 保留  
在表2中，Nontransmitted BSSID profile(配置)包括一个或多个具有Nontransmitted BSSID的AP或者DMG STA的元素，Nontransmitted BSSID profile(配置)包括但不限于如下元素：
1、对于每个Nontransmitted BSSID，需要包括Nontransmitted BSSID能力元素，以及在beacon中的其他多个元素。
2、SSID元素，以及Multiple BSSID-Index元素。所述Multiple BSSID-Index元素包括BSSID序号字段。
3、如果MultipleBSSID元素携带在beacon中，还包括FMS Descriptor(描述)元素。
4、不包括以下元素：时戳字段和信标帧间隔字段(The Timestamp and Beacon Interval fields)，DSSS参数集合(DSSS Parameter Set)，IBSS参数集合(IBSS Parameter Set)，国家(Country)，信 道切换通知(Channel Switch Announcement)，拓展信道切换通知(Extended Channel Switch Announcement)，大带宽信道切换(Wide Bandwidth Channel Switch)，发送功率包络(Transmit Power Envelope)，支持的操作集(Supported Operating Classes)，IBSS DFS，ERP信息(ERP Information)，HT能力(HT Capabilities)，HT操作(HT Operation)，VHT能力(VHT Capabilities)，VHT操作(VHT Operation)，SIG信标帧兼容性(S1G Beacon Compatibility)，短信标帧间隔(Short Beacon Interval)，SIG能力(S1G Capabilities)，和SIG操作(S1G Operation(11ah))等元素。这些元素通常跟transmitted BSSID AP的元素值一样。
5、可选的包括NonInheriatance(非继承)元素，该元素为Nontransmitted BSSID profile中的最后一个元素。非继承元素包括一系列Nontransmitted BSSID不能从transmitted BSSID那继承的元素的ID号以及元素ID拓展号，值得注意注意这里省略了元素的具体内容，具体如表3所示，包括元素ID，长度，元素ID拓展，元素ID列表，元素ID拓展列表，其中元素ID拓展号在元素ID的值为255时才出现。
表3非继承元素
Figure PCTCN2021082828-appb-000001
三、AP发现及关联
站点要想与一个AP进行关联建立连接，首先需要通过扫描来发现该AP的存在。扫描有两种形式：主动扫描和被动扫描。
被动扫描是一种通过接收信道上AP发送的管理帧，比如信标帧，关联响应帧，重关联响应帧，鉴权帧，探测响应帧等。例如，站点在不同的信道上跳转来搜寻AP发送的信标帧。一旦站点通过Beacon帧获得了AP的管制信息，其就可以进一步通过交互探测请求(Probe Request)帧和探测响应(Probe Response)帧以从AP获得其他额外信息。
主动扫描是指站点可在没听到Beacon帧的情况下主动发送一个广播的探测请求(Probe Request)帧，收到探测请求帧的AP若满足一定条件可发起随机信道接入来回复探测响应帧。
扫描过程中，为了辅助站点进行快速扫描，AP会在管理帧，例如，信标帧(Beacon)、探测响应帧(Probe response)中携带精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)来避免站点不停地扫描信道，减少站点的扫描时间。另外，当站点发现当前关联的AP的接收信号强度指示(Received Signal Strength Indication，RSSI)下降到一定程度或者其他原因需要进行基本服务集(Basic Service Set，BSS)切换时，AP可以通过BSS切换管理问询帧(BSS Transition managemen Query)，或者BSS切换管理请求帧(BSS Transition managemen Request)，或者BSS切换管理响应帧(BSS Transition managemen Response)中携带邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)来告诉站点周围有哪些BSS以及BSS的相关信息，来辅助站点进行BSS切换。下面对邻居汇报元素和精简邻居汇报元素进行介绍。
邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)：AP通过在管理帧，比如信标帧，关联响应帧，重关联响应帧，鉴权帧，探测响应帧等携带邻居汇报元素。站点扫面时，接收AP发送的管理帧，从而基于其中的邻居汇报元素获得周围的AP的信息，然后选择合适的AP进行关联。
具体来讲，邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)描述一个邻居AP以及其所属的BSS 的信息。AP可以通过携带多个邻居汇报元素来指示多个邻居AP的相关信息，图3(c)示意了一种指示格式，从图3(c)可以看出，该邻居汇报元素可以包括如下字段。
BSSID字段：指示被汇报的邻居AP对应的BSSID。
BSSID info(BSSID信息)字段：指示邻居BSSID的相关信息。
Operating Class(操作集)字段和channel Number(信道号)字段：用于指示邻居BSSID是在哪一条信道上。
PHY Type(PHY类型)字段：指示该邻居BSSID对应AP的物理层类型。
Optional subelements(可选子元素)字段：承载一些可选的子元素。
对于BSSID info(BSSID信息)字段，其携带以下信息：
AP Reachability(AP可达性)字段：指示邻居AP是否可达。
Security(安全)字段：指示邻居AP是否支持与现有连接相同的安全配置。
Key Scope(钥匙范围)字段：指示邻居AP与汇报AP是否是相同的认证者。
Capabilities(能力)字段：指示该邻居AP一些可选的能力信息。
Mobility domain(移动范围)字段：指示该邻居AP与汇报AP是否在同一个移动域中。
High Throughput(高吞吐量)字段：指示邻居AP的HT capabilities element(携带optional subelement字段中)与汇报AP的HT capabilities element内容相同。
Very High Throughput(非常高吞吐量)字段：指示该邻居AP的VHT capabilities element(VHT能力元素)与汇报AP的VHT capabilities element内容相同。
FTM(fine time measurement,精细定时测量)字段：指示该邻居AP是否支持精细定时测量。
High Efficiency(高效率)字段：指示该邻居AP的HE capabilities element(HE能力元素)与汇报AP的HE capabilities element内容相同。
ER(Extended range)BSS(拓展距离BSS)字段：指示该邻居AP发送的Beacon采用HE ER SU PPDU方式发送。
Collocated AP(共位置AP)字段：指示邻居AP与汇报AP是否是共位置AP。
Unsolicited Probe Response Active(非索引的探测响应动作)字段：指示该邻居AP是否开启主动探测响应。
Member of ESS with 2.4/5GHz co-located AP(2.4/5GHz共位置AP所在的ESS(extended service set，拓展服务集))字段：指示邻居AP是否与一个2.4/5GHz AP共位置且是一个扩展服务集的成员。
OCT supported with reportinged AP(OCT支持的邻居AP)字段:指示该邻居AP是否支持通过随路隧道(On-channel tunneling，OCT)机制来交换管理帧类型的MPDU。
Co-located with 6GHz AP(与6GHz AP共位置)字段：指示该邻居AP是否与一个6GHZ AP共位置。
对于Capabilities(能力)字段，其还可以有以下信息字段：
Spectrum management(频谱管理)字段：指示该邻居AP是否支持频谱管理功能。
QoS字段：指示该邻居AP是否支持QoS机制。
APSD字段：指示该邻居AP是否支持自动节能传输机制。
Radio Measurement(无线测量)字段：指示该邻居AP是否支持无线测量功能。
精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)：AP通过在管理帧，比如信标帧，探测响应帧等携带精简邻居汇报元素。站点扫描时，接收AP发送的管理帧，从而基于其中的精简邻居汇报元素获得周围的AP的信息，然后选择合适的AP进行关联。
具体来讲，精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)一般会携带一个或者多个Neighbor AP info字段，用来描述一个或多个邻居AP以及其各自所属的BSS的信息，图3(d)示意了一种指示格式，从图3(d)可以看出，精简邻居汇报元素可以包括如下字段。
对于TBTT info Header(信标帧目标传输时间(target beacon transmission time，TBTT)信息头)字段，其携带以下信息：
TBTT info Field Type(TBTT信息字段类型)字段：指示TBTT info(TBTT信息)的类型。其与TBTT info length(TBTT信息长度)字段一起指示TBTT info字段的格式。
Filtered neighbor AP(过滤的邻居AP)字段：指示该Neighbor AP info(邻居AP信息)字段中所携带的所有BSS的SSID是否与Probe Request帧中的SSID相匹配。
Reserved字段(1bit)。
TBTT info count字段：指示TBTT info set中含有TBTT info field的个数。
TBTT info Length(TBTT信息长度)字段：指示每个TBTT info field的长度。不同长度下所携带的具体信息格式如表4所示：
表4
Figure PCTCN2021082828-appb-000002
下面给出当TBTT信息长度为12字节时，TBTT info(TBTT信息)字段的具体格式：
Neighbor AP TBTT offset(邻居AP的目标信标传输时间偏置)字段：指示邻居AP与汇报AP的Beacon发送时间的偏置。
BSSID(BSS标识符)字段：指示该邻居AP所对应的BSS标识符。
Short SSID(短服务集标识)字段：指示邻居AP所属的服务集标识符。
BSS Parameter(BSS参数)字段：指示邻居AP的相关参数，如图3(e)，其包含以下信息：
OCT recommended(推荐使用随信道隧道机制)字段：指示该邻居AP期望通过OCT机制与其交换管理类型的MPDU。
Same SSID(相同服务集标识)字段：指示该邻居AP和汇报AP是否具有相同的SSID。
Multiple BSSID(多基本服务集标识)字段：指示该邻居AP是不是属于某个multiple BSSID集合的一部分。
Transmitted BSSID(传输基本服务集标识)字段：如果该邻居AP是属于某个multiple BSSID集合的一部分，则进一步指示该邻居AP是Transmitted BSSID还是non-transmitted BSSID。
Member Of ESS With 2.4/5GHz Co-Located AP(与2.4/5GHz AP共位置且为扩展服务集成员)字段：指示该邻居AP是否与一个2.4/5GHz AP共位置(即是不是6GHz only的AP)且是一个扩展服务集的成员。
Unsolicited Probe Response Active(主动探测响应活跃)字段：指示该邻居AP是否开启主动探测响应。
Co-located AP(共位置AP)字段：指示邻居AP与汇报AP是否是共位置的。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中在邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)或者精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)中描述的AP为被汇报AP(reported access point(AP):An AP that is described in an element such as a Neighbor Report element or a Reduced Neighbor Report element.)，后续提到的邻居AP可以理解为被汇报AP；发送邻居汇报元素或者精简邻居汇报元素的AP为汇报AP(reporting access point(AP):An AP that is transmitting an element,such as a Neighbor Report element or a Reduced Neighbor Report element,describing a reported AP)。
如何让站点发现AP多链路设备(AP多链路设备中的AP可选的属于Multiple BSSID集合)，是本领域的技术人员正在研究的技术问题。
请参见图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的一种AP多链路设备发现方法，该方法可应用于站点与站点之间，接入点与站点之间，以及接入点与接入点之间，为描述方便，下面以接入点与站点之间的通信为例进行描述。该方法包括但不限于如下步骤：
步骤S401：接入点AP向站点发送第一管理帧。
该第一管理帧携带用于站点发现AP多链路设备的信息，使得接收到该信息的站点可与相应的AP建立关联。例如，该第一管理帧可以为信标帧、探测响应帧等。发送该第一管理帧的可以为一个AP多链路设备，或者一个AP多链路设备中的汇报AP(reporting AP)。接收该第一管理帧的站点既可以是站点多链路设备中的站点，也可以是单链路站点。在其他类型的BSS(比如网状网(mesh)BSS，独立(Independent)BSS)中，发送该第一管理帧的也可以为站点，其属于一个多链路设备MLD；接收该第一管理帧的也可以为接入点，其属于一个MLD，或者为单链路接入点。后续的描述均以AP多链路设备中的汇报AP向站点发送第一管理帧为例进行举例说明。
本申请实施例中，一个示例中，AP多链路设备可以包括1个逻辑的AP，分别在多条链路上切换工作。另一个示例中，AP多链路设备包括n个逻辑的AP，分别工作在n个不同的链路(link)上，因此可以用链路标识link1、link2、…，linkn来表示，每个AP的MAC地址是不同的。一个AP多链路设备用一个MLD的MAC地址(address)来标识，也可以说该MAC地址用来标识该一个AP多链路设备管理实体(management entity)，其中该一个AP多 链路设备的MAC地址可以与该一个多链路AP包括的n个逻辑AP中的一个MAC地址相同，也可以与该n个逻辑AP的MAC地址都不同，例如，该AP多链路设备的MAC地址为一个公共的MAC地址，可以标识该AP多链路设备。
一个示例中，AP多链路设备中的一个逻辑AP或多个逻辑AP可能分别属于一个或多个多(Multiple)基本服务集标识符(Basic Service Set Identifier，BSSID)集合(set)。一个示例中，一个AP多链路设备中的各个逻辑AP所属的multiple BSSID集合是不同的。另一个示例中，也可能是AP多链路设备中的多个逻辑AP属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合中，比如，若该一个AP多链路设备中存在两个逻辑AP工作在一条链路上，这种情况下，这两个逻辑AP可能属于同一multiple BSSID集合。
举例来说，如图5所示，一个多链路设备的MAC地址比如是MLD1，该一个多链路设备包括3个逻辑AP，表示为AP1，AP2和AP3，其中，AP1，AP2和AP3分别工作在链路1(link1)，链路2(link2)和链路3(link3)上，AP1，AP2和AP3的MAC地址分别为BSSID_11、BSSID_21和BSSID_31(在802.11ax之前，AP建立的BSS的BSSID为AP的MAC地址，后续可能会变更)，其中AP1属于Multiple BSSID集合1中的成员，Multiple BSSID集合1还包括MAC地址为BSSID_13的AP4；该AP2属于Multiple BSSID集合2中的成员，Multiple BSSID集合2还包括MAC地址为BSSID_22的AP5以及MAC地址为BSSID_23的AP6；AP3属于Multiple BSSID集合3中的成员，Multiple BSSID集合3还包括MAC地址为BSSID_32的AP7以及MAC地址为BSSID_33的AP8。
图6示意了多个Multiple BSSID集合中Transmitted BSSID所标识的BSS中的AP不在同一个AP多链路设备的架构，为了便于描述，可以称Transmitted BSSID所标识的BSS中的AP为传输AP(TransmittedBSSID AP)，称nontransmitted BSSID所标识的BSS中的AP为非传输AP(nontransmittedBSSID AP)。其中，MAC地址标识以x结尾的AP是Transmitted BSSIDAP，MAC地址标识以y或z结尾的AP是Non-Transmitted BSSIDAP，例如，Multiple BSSID集合1中的Transmitted BSSIDAP是MAC地址标识为BSSID_1x的AP1，Multiple BSSID集合1中的non-Transmitted BSSIDAP是MAC地址标识为BSSID_1y的AP4；Multiple BSSID集合2中的Transmitted BSSIDAP是MAC地址标识为BSSID_2x的AP5，Multiple BSSID集合2中的non-Transmitted BSSIDAP包括地址标识为BSSID_2y的AP2和MAC地址标识为BSSID_2z的AP6；Multiple BSSID集合3中的Transmitted BSSIDAP是MAC地址标识为BSSID_3x的AP3，Multiple BSSID集合3中的non-Transmitted BSSIDAP包括MAC地址标识为BSSID_3y的AP7和MAC地址标识为BSSID_3z的AP8。从图6可以看出，来自于不同Multiple BSSID集合中的Transmitted BSSIDAP(即传输AP)分布在不同的AP多链路设备中，如MAC地址为BSSID-1x的AP和MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP分别在AP多链路设备MLD1和AP多链路设备MLD2中AP多链路设备AP多链路设备AP多链路设备。
图7示意了多个Multiple BSSID集合中Transmitted BSSID所标识的BSS中的AP来自同一个AP多链路设备，为了便于描述，可以称Transmitted BSSID所标识的BSS中的AP为传输AP(TransmittedBSSID AP)，称nontransmitted BSSID所标识的BSS中的AP为非传输AP(nontransmittedBSSID AP)。其中，MAC地址标识以x结尾的AP是Transmitted BSSIDAP，MAC地址标识以y或z结尾的AP是Non-Transmitted BSSIDAP，例如，Multiple BSSID集合1中的Transmitted BSSIDAP是MAC地址标识为BSSID_1x的AP1，Multiple BSSID集合1中的non-Transmitted BSSIDAP是MAC地址标识为BSSID_1y的AP4；Multiple BSSID集合2中的Transmitted BSSIDAP是MAC地址标识为BSSID_2x的AP2，Multiple BSSID集合2 中的non-Transmitted BSSIDAP包括MAC地址标识为BSSID_2y的AP5和MAC地址标识为BSSID_2z的AP6；Multiple BSSID集合3中的Transmitted BSSIDAP是MAC地址标识为BSSID_3x的AP3，Multiple BSSID集合3中的non-Transmitted BSSIDAP包括MAC地址标识为BSSID_3y的AP7和MAC地址标识为BSSID_3z的AP8。从图7可看出，来自不同的Multiple BSSID集合中的Transmitted BSSIDAP(即传输AP)均在AP多链路设备MLD1中。
本申请实施例中，第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，例如，该邻居AP的信息携带于邻居汇报元素，或者精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)，下面以精简邻居汇报元素为例进行说明，该精简邻居汇报元素需携带该AP多链路设备中除汇报AP的其他AP的信息，比如其他AP的操作集，信道号，BSSID，ShortSSID，其他AP是否属于Multiple BSSID的信息，其他AP是否属于Transmitted BSSID的信息中的一个或多个，如果该其他AP属于Multiple BSSID集合，还包括该Multiple BSSID集合中的各AP的信息，等等。可以理解，汇报AP的邻居AP的信息由汇报AP进行汇报时，邻居AP也称为被汇报AP，下面对精简邻居汇报元素进行举例说明。
该精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)包括第一信息(或又称为Co-MLD字段)、第二信息(或称为MLD Multiple BSSID字段)、第三信息(或称为Same MLD字段)中的一项或者多项。
其中，第一信息用于指示被汇报AP是否与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员AP属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合。
携带上述第一信息的字段可以称为第一信息字段，该第一信息字段也可以有其他名称，例如，共MLD(Co-MLD)字段
可选的，该第一信息字段可以设置在精简邻居汇报元素的BSS parameter(BSS参数)字段中或者TBTT信息字段中。在图8(a)中具体以该Co-MLD字段为该BSS parameter(BSS参数)字段的保留(reserved)比特(比特7)为例进行示意。如图8(a)所示，示例1，如果被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，则将其中的Co-MLD字段的一个指示位的值置1；如果被汇报AP与汇报AP不在同一个MLD并且被汇报AP不与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，则将该一个指示位的值置0。示例2，被汇报AP是否与汇报AP在同一个MLD可以通过一个指示位来指示，例如，这个指示位的值置1来指示被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD，这指示位的值置0来指示被汇报AP与汇报AP不在同一个MLD。另外，该被汇报AP是否与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合可以通过另外一个指示位来指示，例如，这个指示位的值置1来指示被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，这个指示位的值置0来指示被汇报AP不与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，这两个指示位携带在Co-MLD字段中。又一个示例中，如果被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，则Co-MLD字段置1，指示被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合；反之，如果不满足被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者不满足被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，则Co-MLD字段置0，指示被汇报AP与汇报AP不在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP与汇报AP不所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合。
如图8(a)所示，可选的，TBTT信息字段还可以包括MLD-Index字段，在Co-MLD字段置1的情况下，MLD-index字段携带汇报AP与被汇报AP所属的MLD的index或MAC地址，指示该MLD。对于Co-MLD字段置0的情况，TBTT信息字段可以包括MLD-idex字段，MLD-index字段可以设置为预留或其他值，当然也可以不包括MLD-index字段。对于MLD-index字段的其他示例性会在后续部分进一步说明。
其中，第二信息用于指示被汇报AP是否与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合。
携带第二信息的字段可以称为第二信息字段，第二信息字段可以有其他名称，例如，MLD Multiple BSSID字段。第二信息字段可设置在精简邻居汇报元素的BSS parameter字段或者TBTT信息字段中，该MLD Multiple BSSID字段可以为精简邻居汇报元素的BSS parameter字段或者TBTT信息字段中的新增字段。
其中，第三信息用于指示被汇报AP和汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD，如果属于同一个MLD，则第三信息设置为第七值，如果不属于同一个MLD，则第三信息设置为第八值，例如第三信息包括1比特，该1比特被设置为1指示被汇报AP与汇报AP不属于同一个MLD，该1比特被设置为0指示被汇报AP与汇报AP不属于同一个MLD。携带上述第三信息的字段可称为第三信息字段，第三信息字段可以有其他名称。
上述第三信息字段可设置在精简邻居汇报元素的BSS parameter(BSS参数)字段或者TBTT信息字段中。以图8(b)为例，该第三信息字段可以具体为精简邻居汇报元素中，BSS parameter字段中的same MLD字段，该same MLD字段可以为该BSS parameter字段中的保留(reserved)比特(B7)。如果被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD，则将其中的same MLD字段的一个指示位的值置1；如果被汇报AP与汇报AP不在同一个MLD，则将该一个指示位的值置0。以图8(b)为例，可选的，TBTT信息字段还可以包括MLD-Index字段，在same MLD字段置1的情况下，MLD-index字段携带汇报AP与被汇报AP所属的MLD的index或MAC地址，指示该MLD。对于same MLD字段置0的情况，TBTT信息字段可以包括MLD-idex字段，MLD-index字段可以设置为预留或其他值,当然也可以不包括MLD-index字段。对于MLD-index字段的其他示例性会在后续部分进一步说明。
其中，第四信息用于指示被汇报AP是否属于Multiple BSSID集合。
例如，该第四信息可以具体为一个Multiple BSSID指示位，该Multiple BSSID指示位设置为一个特定的值，例如Multiple BSSID指示位包括1比特，该1比特被设置为1指示被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合，该Multiple BSSID指示位设置为另一个特定的值，例如Multiple BSSID指示位包括1比特，该1比特被设置为0指示被汇报AP不属于Multiple BSSID集合。示例性的，Multiple BSSID指示位可以为BSS参数字段中的Multiple BSSID字段。
其中，第八信息用于指示被汇报AP(reported AP)所在的MLD序号(MLD-Index)。携带上述第八信息的字段可以称为第八信息字段，该第八信息字段也可以有其他名称，例如，MLD-index字段。该第八信息字段可以设置在精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)的TBTT info(TBTT信息)字段中。可选的，对于一个汇报AP来讲，当其需要汇报的被汇报AP有多个时，这多个被汇报AP各自对应有MLD序号，可以通过MLD序号对不同的MLD进行区分，因此当两个被汇报AP的MLD序号相同时，表明这两个被汇报AP属于同一个MLD，例如，MAC地址为BSSID-2x的被汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号和MAC地址为BSSID-3y的被汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号都为2，则表示这两个被汇报 AP同属于MLD 2。可选的，同一个被汇报APL被不同汇报AP标号时，标出的MLD序号可能相同，也可能不同。可选的，MLD index字段可以承载的是MLD的序号，还可以承载的是MLD的MAC地址，或MLD的标识等。
可选的，可以通过MLD index字段的特殊取值来指示被汇报AP与汇报AP是否属于同一个MLD。例如，如果某个被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个MLD，那么可以通过在第八信息中携带特殊的MLD Index值(比如全0)来表示该MLD的序号来指示该被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个MLD，后续当接收端(如站点)读取到特殊的MLD index值时，虽然不能直接获取被汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号，但是可以知道该被汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号与汇报AP的MLD序号相同，因为接收端可从第一管理帧中获取到汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号，因此也就可以获知该被汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号。
可选的，如果该被汇报AP不属于任何一个MLD，那么该被汇报AP就没有对应的MLD序号，因此，可以通过在第八信息中携带特殊的MLD index值(例如设置为255)来表示其没有对应的MLD序号(或者表述为：通过第八信息的特殊取值(例如设置为255)来指示该被汇报AP不隶属于任何一个MLD)。当然，针对于该被汇报AP不属于任何一个MLD的情况，也可以看做该被汇报AP属于一种虚拟AP多链路设备MLD，该虚拟AP多链路设备MLD就包括包括一个AP，此时该被汇报AP所属的虚拟MLD也有一个正常的MLD-Index，但是其他AP所属的MLD的MLD-Index与该汇报AP所属的虚拟MLD的MLD-Index不同。
一实施例中，可以在被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合的情况下，才在精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)中携带上述第八信息，下面进行举例说明。
可选的，可以通过第一信息来指示是否满足被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，如果满足则该第一信息可以携带第三值，如果不满足(即被汇报AP与汇报AP不在同一个MLD，也不与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合)则该第一信息可以携带第四值，例如第一信息包括1比特，该1比特被设置为1指示满足该条件，该1比特被设置为0指示不满足该条件。可选的，还可以通过第三信息来指示被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个MLD，进一步的，在精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)中携带上述第八信息。
例如，如图8(a)所示，如果Co-MLD字段的第一信息指示被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，则通过MLD-Index字段来携带第八信息。
可选的，如图8(b)所示，如果Same-MLD字段指示被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD，则通过MLD-Index字段来携带第八信息。举例来说，以图6为例，假设MAC地址为BSSID-1x的AP是汇报AP，MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP和MAC地址为BSSID-2y的AP为2个被汇报AP，由于MAC地址为BSSID-2y的被汇报AP与MAC地址为BSSID-1x的汇报AP是在同一个MLD中的，因此MAC地址为BSSID-2x的被汇报AP所对应的精简邻居汇报元素的第一信息字段携带上述第三值；另外，MAC地址为BSSID-2x的被汇报AP与MAC地址为BSSID-1x的汇报AP虽然不属于同一个MLD，但与MAC地址为BSSID-1x的汇报AP所属的MLD中的MAC地址为BSSID-2y的AP同属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，因此MAC地址为BSSID-2y的被汇报AP所对应的精简邻居汇报元素的第一信息字段携带上述第三值。当该第一信息携带第三值时，则会在精简邻居汇报元素中添加相应字段来携带上 述第八信息。
另一实施例中，可以在被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合的情况下才在精简邻居汇报元素中携带上述第八信息，下面进行举例说明。
可选的，可以通过第二信息来指示是否满足被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，如果满足则该第二信息携带第五值，如果不满足则该第二信息携带第六值，例如第一信息包括1比特，该1比特被设置为1指示满足该条件，该1比特被设置为0指示不满足该条件。当该第二信息携带的值为第五值时，则会在精简邻居汇报元素中添加相应字段来携带上述第八信息。
又一示例中，如果第四信息指示该被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合，比如BSSparameter字段中的Multiple BSSID字段指示该被汇报AP属于一个Multiple BSSID集合，TBTT信息字段也可以携带该MLD-index字段。
本申请实施例中，所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员包括两种可能，具体如下：1、汇报AP所属的MLD的任一成员，2、汇报AP所属的MLD的除汇报AP的其他任一成员。本申请如果提及汇报AP所属的MLD的成员，都包括上述2种可能，在其他地方不在赘述。
其中，第九信息用于指示被汇报AP所属的Multiple BSSID集合的Multiple BSSID集合序号(Multiple BSSIDset-index)。携带上述第九信息的字段可以称为第九信息字段，该第九信息字段也可以有其他名称，例如，Multiple BSSID set-index字段。该第九信息字段可以设置在精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)的TBTT info字段中。可选的，Multiple BSSID set-index字段可以承载的是Multiple BSSID set的序号或ID。
可选的，方式一：可以在满足如下全部条件时才在精简邻居汇报元素中携带上述第九信息：
条件1：若所述被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合。
条件2：所述被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合。
可选的，方式二：在满足如下全部条件时解析上述第九信息。
条件1：所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合
可选的，方式三：在满足如下全部条件时解析上述第九信息。
条件1：若所述被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合。
举例来说，如果被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合，此时BSS parameters字段中的Multiple BSSID指示位置第一值，比如置为1。如果被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，则Co-MLD字段值为1；如果Multiple BSSID指示位和Co-MLD字段都置1，则在TBTT info字段中新增一个Multiple BSSID set-index字段。可选的，只符合条件1时，也可以在TBTT info字段中新增一个Multiple BSSID set-index字段。
可以理解，如果多个被汇报AP的精简邻居汇报元素中包括相同的第九信息(如Multiple BSSID set-index)，则表示所述多个被汇报AP是在同一个Multiple BSSID集合里的AP。可选的，当被汇报AP和汇报AP在同一个Multiple BSSID集合中时，可以将该被汇报AP的精简邻居汇报元素中Multiple BSSID set-index设置为一个特殊值(例如0)，后续接收端在读取到该被汇报AP的精简邻居汇报元素中Multiple BSSID set-index为该特殊值时，就可以确定被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个Multiple BSSID集合中。另一种方式，根据汇报AP在第一管理帧携带的Multiple BSSID element就可以获知该同一个Multiple BSSID集合中各个AP的信 息。
当然，对于不满足上述两种条件的情况下，TBTT info字段中也可以包括一个Multiple BSSID set-index字段，该字段为预留值或不指示任何Multiple BSSID set。在满足条件1和条件2的情况下才携带Multiple BSSID set-index字段方案，和，满足条件1的情况下才携带Multiple BSSID set-index字段的方案，信令开销更小。
可选的，对于与汇报AP在同一个Multiple BSSID集合中的除该汇报AP外的其他成员，这些其他AP成员的信息可以不携带在该Reduced neighbor report element，而是由携带在管理帧中的Multiple BSSID element来指示。
上述精简邻居汇报元素除了包括第八信息、第九信息、第一信息、第二信息、第三信息和第四信息中的一项或多项外，还可以包括第五信息、第六信息、第七信息中的一项或多项。
其中，第五信息用于指示被汇报AP的链路标识(Link ID)，可以理解，对于同一个AP多链路设备MLD来说，其包含的多个AP各自占用的链路标识(Link ID)是唯一的，因此，对于某个确定的MLD来说，可以通过链路标识(Link ID)唯一确定其对应的AP。本申请实施例中，Link ID可以与操作集(Operting Class)，或者信道号(channel number)，或者被汇报AP的MAC地址，或者它们中多项的组合实现一一对应。因此，在汇报AP发送的第一管理帧，或者其他管理帧中，如果需要携带某个被汇报AP所在的BSS参数，就可以直接添加该被汇报AP对应的链路标识(Link ID)，接收端根据该被汇报AP对应的链路标识(Link ID)就可以确定相应的操作集(Operting Class)、信道号(channel number)、被汇报AP的MAC地址等信息，而无需重复指示这些信息，达到节省开销的效果。
例如，如图8(c)所示，如果Co-MLD字段的第一信息指示被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，则在MLD-Index字段中携带第八信息，除此之外，还可以在Multiple BSSIDset-index字段中携带第九信息，在Link ID字段中携带第五信息。当然，图8(b)所示的TBTT信息字段也还可以包括Link ID字段以及Multiple BSSIDset-index字段。
其中，第六信息用于指示汇报AP的链路标识(Link ID)和/或该汇报AP所在MLD的MAC地址(Address)。该汇报AP的链路标识(Link ID)的使用原理可以参照上述第五信息中关于被汇报AP的使用原理的描述，此处不再赘述。另外，该汇报AP所在MLD的MAC地址(Address)用于帮助确定被汇报AP所在MLD的MAC地址，前面有方案提到，如果被汇报AP所在MLD的MLD序号与汇报AP所在MLD的MLD序号相同，则被汇报AP所在MLD的MLD序号可以简单地通过第一值表示，因此，在通过第一值确定被汇报AP与汇报AP的MLD序号相同后，可以进一步根据这里指示的汇报AP所在MLD的MAC地址(可以作为MLD序号)，确定该被汇报AP所在MLD的MAC地址。另外，AP的MLD的MAC地址还可以用于多链路设备间的关联建立，比如携带在探测请求帧/探测响应帧，鉴权请求帧/鉴权响应帧，关联请求帧/关联响应帧交互过程中。
可选的，该第六信息也可以不在该精简邻居汇报元素中，但依旧在上述第一管理帧中，比如在第一管理帧的MLD元素中，其中MLD元素用来指示同一个MLD的多个AP的信息，或者一个或多个单链路AP的信息。
如图17所示，MLD元素包括：公共控制字段，MLD公共信息字段，一个或多个可选子元素。可选的，MLD公共信息字段包括MLD MAC地址字段，可选的包括鉴权算法等字段，MLD MAC地址字段用于指示该MLD元素所指示的MLD的地址，该地址用于标识一个MLD。 可选的，MLD的地址为MLD的MAC地址(address)，也可以说该MAC地址用来标识该一个AP多链路设备管理实体(management entity)，其中该一个AP多链路设备的MAC地址可以与该一个多链路AP MLD包括的n个AP中的一个MAC地址相同，也可以与该n个AP的MAC地址都不同，例如，该AP多链路设备的MAC地址为一个公共的MAC地址，可以标识该AP多链路设备。
可选的，公共控制字段包括MLD地址存在字段(或称为MLD地址出现字段或MLD地址出现标识)，用于指示MLD公共信息字段是否存在MLD地址字段。可选的，公共控制字段还包括鉴权算法出现字段，用于指示MLD公共信息字段中是否存在鉴权算法字段。可选的，上述“出现字段”可以包括1比特，取第一值指示对应的字段出现，取第二值指示对应的字段不出现。例如，第一值为1，第二值为0。
可选的，一个MLD元素还包括一个或多个子元素，一个子元素描述该多AP多链路设备中一个AP的信息。每个子元素的内容包括该AP的链路标识。可选的，每个子元素还包括该AP相关的字段，比如SSID字段，时戳timstamp字段，beacon间隔字段，以及该AP的元素。该AP的元素比如BSS load元素，EHT能力元素，EHT操作元素。
在AP MLD发现机制中，AP MLD中的汇报AP(除了多BSSID集合中的非传输AP之外的任何一个AP都可以作为汇报AP)在其工作的链路上发送第一管理帧，比如信标帧，探测响应帧等，除了发送精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element，RNR元素)外，还需携带MLD元素。其中MLD元素可以用来指示该AP MLD中的共有信息以及每个AP的具体信息。如此，可以帮助STA MLD选择一个最佳的AP MLD建立多链路关联。为了避免第一管理帧过长，该第一管理帧仅携带MLD元素的MLD公共信息，而每个AP对应的子元素的信息则不需要携带，如图18所示的MLD元素的前半部分，包括MLD MAC地址，链路标识，MLD序号的中一个或多个或全部，可选的，还包括鉴权算法字段。其中，链路标识用来指示汇报AP，具体如前述第六信息中提到的，在此不再赘述；MLD序号用来指示一个AP MLD的序号，与RNR元素中的第八信息指示的MLD序号保持一致，即针对于同一个AP MLD，RNR元素的用的MLD序号与MLD元素中的MLD序号相同。举例，如图6所示，假设MLD1中的汇报AP为BSSID-1x，此时汇报AP发送的第一管理帧携带RNR元素，RNR元素携带BSSID-2y，BSSID-3x，BSSID-2x，BSSID-3y，BSSID-1y和BSSID-2z等AP的信息，还可选的携带BSSID-3z的信息。此时，还额外携带MLD1的MLD元素的前半部分，MLD2的MLD元素的前半部分，MLD3的MLD元素的前半部分，可选的包括指示BSSID-3z的特殊的MLD元素的前半部分，其中该特殊的MLD元素的MLD序号设置为一个特殊值，比如255，MLD MAC地址为该AP的MAC地址，或者不出现，链路标识为该单个AP的链路标识。
其中，汇报AP发送的RNR元素需包括以下被汇报AP的信息，包括，
(1)与汇报AP同一个AP MLD的所有AP，或者，汇报AP所在的AP MLD中的所有AP；
(2)与汇报AP在同一个多BSSID集合中的非传输AP所在的AP MLD中的所有AP；或者，汇报AP所在的多BSSID集合中的非传输AP所在的AP MLD中的所有AP；
(3)满足如下两个条件的AP MLD的所有AP，其中，该两个条件分别是：1)该AP MLD 中至少有一个AP与汇报AP所在的AP MLD中的一个AP在同一个多BSSID集合中；2)该AP MLD中没有AP与汇报AP工作在同一链路上。一种特殊情况，该AP MLD仅包括一个AP。可选的，该AP MLD包括一个工作在6GHz的AP。可选的，该AP MLD可以仅包括一个AP的AP MLD。
针对于符合条件1和2的AP MLD，STA MLD的站点获得该信息后，可以直接在当前链路上发送探测响应帧或者接收信标帧，其中探测请求帧携带MLD元素中的前半部分，或者还携带一个或多个AP的链路标识，获取相应AP MLD的完整信息，即还包括对应AP MLD中的每个AP的详细信息。指定多个AP的详细信息。然后与该AP MLD建立多链路关联，或者跳过扫描与该AP MLD直接建立多链路关联。其中MLD元素中的前半部分MLD MAC地址可以为特殊MAC地址，或者MLD序号设置为特殊的MLD序号，即获取周边所有AP MLD的信息。AP MLD中的AP收到STA MLD的请求后，则发送探测响应帧，包括STA MLD请求的内容，比如携带一个或多个MLD元素。可选的，每个MLD元素包括MLD序号。
针对于符合条件3的AP MLD，可选的，该AP MLD包括一个工作在6GHz的AP，STA MLD不需要去其他链路在扫描，就可以直接获得该AP MLD的信息，如果该STA MLD对该AP MLD感兴趣，比如适合的频段，则该STA MLD可以去进一步通过上述提到的探测请求帧发送，或者在相应链路上接收该AP MLD中的一个AP发送的具体信息。然后与该AP MLD建立多链路关联，或者跳过扫描与该AP MLD直接建立多链路关联。其中AP MLD中的AP收到STA MLD的请求后，则发送探测响应帧，包括STA MLD请求的内容，比如携带一个或多个MLD元素。可选的，每个MLD元素包括MLD序号。
上述STA MLD中的一个STA发送探测请求帧携带的MLD元素中的前半部分中的MLD公共信息可以仅包括其中一个或2个字段，而不需要携带全部字段，比如携带MLD序号或MLD MAC地址。
以图6为例,包括
(1)与汇报AP，BSSID-1x在同一个AP MLD1的所有AP，即BSSID-2y,BSSID-3x；
(2)与汇报AP，BSSID-1x在同一个多BSSID集合1中的非传输AP(即BSSID-1y)所在的AP MLD3中的所有AP，分别是：BSSID-1y,BSSID-2z；
(3)图6中满足上述两个条件的AP MLD是AP MLD2中的2个AP，BSSID-2x和BSSID-3y，该AP MLD2中BSSID-2x与AP MLD1中的AP2y在同一个多BSSID集合2中，并且该AP MLD2中没有AP与BSSID-1x在一条链路中。可选的，还包括仅包括一个AP的特殊的AP MLD，即BSSID-3z。
另外，如图18所示的MLD元素的前半部分还包括公共控制字段，其中公共控制字段包括MLD MAC地址出现字段，Link ID出现字段，MLD序号出现字段，子元素出现字段中的一个或多个或者所有，可选的包括鉴权算法出现字段。其中MLD MAC地址出现用来指示MLD公共信息是否包括MLD MAC地址字段；Link ID出现用来指示MLD公共信息是否包括Link ID字段；MLD序号出现用来指示MLD公共信息是否包括MLD序号字段；其中上述字段可以分别通过1比特指示，比如1指示出现，0指示不出现，或者分别通过1个字段的2个值，第一值指示出现，第二值指示不出现。
应理解，图17所示的MLD元素的前半部分还可以用图18所示的MLD元素前半部分替换，用来AP MLD给站点MLD提供进一步的详细信息。比如放在探测响应帧，或者关联响 应帧中。可选的，公共控制字段中包括MLD公共信息出现字段，用来指示MLD公共信息是否出现，或者说除MLD公共信息字段中的MLD MAC地址或MLD序号之外的字段是否出现，用来帮助进一步减少重复信息(此时STA MLD已获知该部分信息)。
如果汇报AP属于多BSSID集合，此时汇报AP还需发多BSSID元素，包括nontransmitted profile，指示一个或多个非传输AP的信息。如果上述一个非传输AP来自于一个AP MLD，此时如图18所示的MLD元素的前半部分或者图17所示的MLD元素完整部分还可以放在该非传输AP的信息中。
第七信息用于指示第一管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息，该第一被汇报AP为汇报AP所属的MLD的成员。另一种方式，用于指示管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息以及全部第一被汇报AP所在的Multiple BSSID集合中的成员的信息。该第七信息可以位于精简邻居汇报元素中，或者上述第一管理帧中其他已有的元素，或者上述第一管理帧中的一个新增元素中。为了便于理解，下面例举第七信息的几种可选的指示示例。
示例1：该第七信息携带在一个特定字段(例如可以称为“完整字段”)中，该特定字段用来指示汇报AP是否在管理帧携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息，以及全部第一被汇报AP所在Multiple BSSID集合中的成员信息，例如，如果为是，该第七信息可以具体取一个值，如1，如果为否，该第七信息可以具体取另外一个值，如0。
接收端在获取到第七信息之后可以获知各个被汇报AP对应的相关信息是否完整接收了。
示例2：该第七信息携带在一个特定字段(例如可以称为“完整字段”)中，该特定字段用来指示汇报AP需要多少个信息周期才能把该全部第一被汇报AP的信息，以及该全部第一被汇报AP分别所在Multiple BSSID集合中的成员信息全部发送完；其中，一个信息周期可以具体为一个信标帧，或者两个信标帧，或者其他能够衡量时间长度的时间单位。
接收端在获取到第七信息之后可以获知各个被汇报AP对应的相关信息是否完整接收了，如果未完整接收则还可以获知还需多少个信息周期才能接收完。
本申请实施例中，所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员包括两种可能，具体如下：1、汇报AP所属的MLD的任一成员；2、汇报AP所属的MLD的除汇报AP的其他任一成员。本申请如果提及汇报AP所属的MLD的成员，都包括上述两种可能，在其他地方不在赘述。
本申请实施例中，所述第一被汇报AP所在Multiple BSSID集合中的成员包括两种可能，具体如下：1、所述第一汇报AP所在Multiple BSSID集合中的任一成员；2、所述第一汇报AP所在Multiple BSSID集合中除第一汇报AP的其他任一成员。本申请如果提及第一被汇报AP所在Multiple BSSID集合中的成员，都包括上述两种可能，在其他地方不在赘述。
本本申请实施例中提到的放在TBTT信息字段的信息包括第八信息、第九信息、第一信息、第二信息、第三信息、第四信息、第五信息中的一项或多项。其中第一信息、第二信息、第三信息，第四信息，第五信息中的一项或多项承载于TBTT信息字段中的BSS参数字段中。因此BSS参数字段长度可能为1或2字节，如果BSS参数字段长度变成2字节，则相当于在表4中的1字节的BSS参数字段和1字节的BSS参数拓展字段。第八信息长度为1字节、第九信息长度为1字节。
因此，TBTT info Length(TBTT信息长度)字段：指示每个TBTT info field的长度。不同长度下所携带的具体信息格式如表5所示，增加13字节长度、14字节长度和15字节长度中的一个或多个。
表5
Figure PCTCN2021082828-appb-000003
当然BSS参数字段长度还可能为其他字节，比如3字节，4字节，5字节等等，第八信息长度还可为其他字节，比如2～6字节、第九信息长度还可以为其他字节，比如2～6字节等。
步骤S402：站点接收所述第一管理帧。
具体地，站点接收到该第一管理帧之后，解析得到该第一管理帧中的信息，例如，该第一管理帧中的精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)，汇报AP对应的Multiple BSSID element，等等。下面重点讲述如何解读精简邻居汇报元素中的信息。
上述第八信息、第九信息、第一信息、第二信息、第三信息、第四信息、第五信息、第六信息、第七信息中，哪些携带在了该精简邻居汇报元素中，则哪些信息就会被站点解析到。通常来说，如果精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)携带了一个或多个Neighbor AP info字段，则会对应解析出一个或多个被汇报AP各自对应的目标信息(包括第 八信息、第九信息、第一信息、第二信息、第三信息、第四信息、第五信息、第六信息、第七信息中至少一项)。若精简邻居汇报元素(Reduced Neighbor Report element)携带了一个或多个Neighbor AP info字段，分两种情况：情况1.每个Neighbor AP info字段对应一个被汇报AP的信息；情况2.如果多个被汇报AP拥有同一个操作集，信道号，则一个Neighbor AP info字段可以包括多个被汇报AP的信息，此时Neighbor AP info字段的每个TBTT信息字段中包括一个被汇报AP的其他信息。在情况2中，可选的，每个被汇报AP对应的TBTT信息字段长度相同。如果不同，此时每个被汇报AP还可以只用一个Neighbor AP Info字段指示。
下面以站点接收其中一个被汇报AP对应的Neighbor AP info字段中的目标信息为例进行介绍(其他被汇报AP对应的Neighbor AP info字段中的目标信息的原理可以类比)，具体如下：
如果解析到了第一信息，那么该站点可以通过第一信息获知被汇报AP是否与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合；例如，第一信息携带的值为第三值(如1)时，判定结果为是，第一信息携带的值为第四值(如0)时，判定结果为否。
如果解析到了第二信息，那么该站点可以通过第二信息获知被汇报AP是否与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合；例如，第二信息携带的值为第五值(如1)时，判定结果为是，第二信息携带的值为第六值(如0)时，判定结果为否。
可选的，如果基于上述第一信息或者第二信息判定结果为是，则该站点进一步解析上述第八信息，即解析得到被汇报AP所属的MLD序号(MLD-Index)。当然，如果不存在上述第一信息和第二信息，那么站点也可以直接尝试解析上述第八信息。
如果解析到了第三信息，那么该站点可以通过第三信息获知被汇报AP和汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD；例如，第三信息携带的值为第七值(如1)时，判定被汇报AP和汇报AP同属于一个MLD，第三信息携带的值为第八值(如0)时，判定被汇报AP和汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
如果解析到了第四信息，那么该站点可以通过第四信息获知被汇报AP是否属于Multiple BSSID集合；例如，该第四信息可以具体为一个Multiple BSSID指示位，当该Multiple BSSID指示位设置为一个特定的值(例如可以为1)时表示被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合，当该Multiple BSSID指示位设置为另一个特定的值(例如可以为0)时表示被汇报AP不属于Multiple BSSID集合。
可选的，方式一：在满足如下全部条件时解析上述第九信息。
条件1：若所述被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合。
条件2：所述被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合。
可选的，方式二：在满足如下全部条件时解析上述第九信息。
条件1：所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合。
可选的，方式三：在满足如下全部条件时解析上述第九信息。
条件1：若所述被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合。
可以理解，从第九信息可以获知被汇报AP所属的Multiple BSSID集合的Multiple BSSID集合序号。
如果解析到了第五信息，那么就可以获得被汇报AP的链路标识(Link ID)，又因为Link ID与操作集(Operting Class)，或者信道号(channel number)，或者被汇报AP的MAC地址， 或者它们中一项或多项的组合具有一一对应关系，因此如果该站点上先前已经接收过该被汇报AP操作集(Operting Class)、信道号(channel number)、被汇报AP的MAC地址等信息，那么就可以根据该对应关系得到这些信息，而无需重复指示这些信息，达到节省开销的效果。
如果解析到了第六信息，那么就可以获得汇报AP的链路标识(Link ID)，又因为Link ID与操作集(Operting Class)，或者信道号(channel number)，或者汇报AP的MAC地址，或者它们中一项或多项的组合具有一一对应关系，因此如果该站点上先前已经接收过该汇报AP操作集(Operting Class)、信道号(channel number)、汇报AP的MAC地址等信息，那么就可以根据该对应关系得到这些信息，而无需重复指示这些信息，达到节省开销的效果。
如果解析到了第七信息，那么根据第七信息可以获知第一管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息，该第一被汇报AP为汇报AP所属的MLD的成员。可选的，如果第七信息显示第一管理帧没有携带全部第一被汇报AP的信息，则站点继续接收新的管理帧，直至全部第一被汇报AP的信息都接收到，如果该第七信息显示了还差多少个信息周期可以接收完，那么可以继续接收相应信息周期，从而完成全部第一被汇报AP的信息的接收。
另一种方式，如果解析到了第七信息，那么根据第七信息可以获知管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息，以及全部第一被汇报AP所在的Multiple BSSID集合中的成员的信息。可选的，如果第七信息显示第一管理帧没有携带全部第一被汇报AP的信息，或没有携带全部第一被汇报AP所在的Multiple BSSID集合中的成员的信息，则站点继续接收新的管理帧，直至全部第一被汇报AP的信息和全部第一被汇报AP所在的Multiple BSSID集合中的成员的信息都接收到，如果该第七信息显示了还差多少个信息周期可以接收完，那么可以继续接收相应信息周期，从而完成全部第一被汇报AP的信息和全部第一被汇报AP所在的Multiple BSSID集合中的成员的信息的接收。
以图8(a)为例，站点解析到Co-MLD字段后，确定Co-MLD字段置1，则确定被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个MLD或被汇报AP是否与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员AP属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，则站点进一步确定TBTT信息字段还包括MLD-index字段，进一步解析MLD-index字段，获取该被汇报AP所属的MLD的index或MAC地址。以图8(b)为例，站点解析到same-MLD字段后，确定same-MLD字段置1，则确定被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个MLD，站点还可以基于MLD Multiple BSSID字段确定该被汇报AP是否与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员AP属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，站点进一步解析MLD-index字段，则获取该被汇报AP所属的MLD的index或MAC地址。
以图8(c)为例，站点解析到Co-MLD字段后，确定Co-MLD字段置1，则确定被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个MLD或被汇报AP是否与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员AP属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合，则站点进一步解析MLD-index字段，Link ID字段以及Multiple BSSID set index字段，获取该被汇报AP所属的MLD的index或MAC地址，link ID以及Multiple BSSID set index。
本申请实施例中，可选的，站点基于上述第八信息、第九信息、第一信息、第二信息、第三信息、第四信息、第五信息、第六信息和第七信息中的一项或多项，可以获知各个被汇报AP分别属于哪个MLD，以及获知各个被汇报AP分别属于哪个Multiple BSSID集合，从而，对基于AP多链路设备的Multiple BSSID集合结构有了整体的了解，进而，该站点可以从该基于AP多链路设备的Multiple BSSID集合结构中选择需要适合的AP。具体实现上，该站点可以在探测请求帧中携带链路标识(Link ID)，或者Link ID列表，可选的携带MLD-Index或者MLD的MAC地址，以便AP接收到该探测请求帧后，根据其中的link ID，或者link ID 列表，或者MLD-Index，或者MLD的MAC确定对应的AP，然后将对应的AP的更详细的信息(比如AP的能力信息，操作信息等，其中能力信息用来指示AP的支持哪些功能，操作信息可以用来指示AP工作的中心频率，工作带宽等等)回复给站点，站点再根据该更详细的信息与相应的AP建立关联，下面举例进行说明。
示例1：站点在探测请求帧中携带MLD-index，以及一个或多个link ID中的一项或多项，以请求AP在探测响应帧中回复一个或多个Link ID对应的AP的信息。然后站点根据一个或多个Link ID对应的AP的信息来与一个或多个AP建立关联。例如，如图6所示，该探测请求中携带的MLD-index为MLD2，以及携带的link ID为链路2(link2)，那么AP根据MLD2和link2可以确定对应的AP为MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP，因此将MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP的更详细的信息发送给站点，站点与MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP建立关联。
示例2：站点在探测请求帧中携带MLD-index，以及一个或多个link ID，以请求AP在探测响应帧中回复一个或多个Link ID以外的其他link ID对应的AP的信息。然后站点该其他Link ID对应的AP的信息来选择该AP中的一个或多个建立关联。例如，如图6所示，该探测请求中携带的MLD-index为MLD1，以及携带的link ID为链路1(link1)和链路3(link3)，那么AP根据MLD2、link1和link3可以确定MLD2对应的MLD中除link1和link3以外的link2上的AP为MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP，因此将MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP的更详细的信息发送给站点，站点与MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP建立关联。
可选的，站点还可以在探测请求帧中携带信令，比如特殊的Link ID，来请求AP回复其所在MLD的全部第一被汇报AP的信息以及全部第一被汇报AP所在的Multiple BSSID集合的成员信息，或者仅是来请求AP回复其所在MLD的全部第一被汇报AP的信息，以作为该站点选择关联AP的依据。
在图4所示的方法中，通过在第一管理帧的精简邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，以及所在的Multiple BSSID集合的信息，使得接收该第一管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD以及Multiple BSSID集合中的基本情况，从而更好地从汇报AP和被汇报AP中选择合适AP进行关联。
请参见图9，图9是本申请实施例提供的一种AP多链路设备发现方法方法，该方法可应用于站点与站点之间，接入点与站点之间，以及接入点与接入点之间，为描述方便，下面以接入点与站点之间的通信为例进行描述。该方法包括但不限于如下步骤：
步骤S901：接入点AP向站点发送第二管理帧。
具体地，该第二管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，该邻居AP可以作为站点切换BSS时的候选AP。该第二管理帧可以帮助站点获得关联AP的邻居AP信息，用于潜在的漫游的候选AP。例如，该第二管理帧可以为信标帧，探测响应帧，关联响应帧，重关联响应帧，鉴权帧等。发送该第二管理帧的可以为一个AP多链路设备，或者一个AP多链路设备中的汇报AP(reporting AP)。接收该第二管理帧的站点既可以是站点多链路设备中的站点，也可以是单链路站点。在其他类型的BSS中，发送该第二管理帧的也可以为站点，其属于一个多链路设备MLD；接收该第二管理帧的也可以为接入点，其属于一个MLD，或者为单链路接入点。后续的描述均以AP多链路设备中的汇报AP向站点发送第二管理帧为例进行举例说明。
本申请实施例中，一个示例中，AP多链路设备可以包括1个逻辑的AP，分别在多条链路上切换工作。另一个示例中，AP多链路设备包括n个逻辑上的AP，分别工作在n个不同的链路(link)上，因此可以用链路标识link1、link2、…，linkn来表示，每个AP的MAC地 址是不同的。一个AP多链路设备用一个MLD的MAC地址(address)来标识，也可以说该MAC地址用来标识该一个AP多链路设备管理实体(management entity)，其中该一个AP多链路设备的MAC地址可以与该一个多链路AP包括的n个逻辑AP中的一个MAC地址相同，也可以与该n个逻辑AP的MAC地址都不同，例如，该AP多链路设备的MAC地址为一个公共的MAC地址，可以标识该AP多链路设备。
一个示例中，AP多链路设备中的一个逻辑AP或多个逻辑AP可能分别属于一个或多个多(Multiple)基本服务集标识符(Basic Service Set Identifier，BSSID)集合(set)。一个示例中，一个AP多链路设备中的各个逻辑AP所属的multiple BSSID集合是不同的。另一个示例中，也可能是AP多链路设备中的多个逻辑AP属于同一个Multiple BSSID集合中，比如，若该一个AP多链路设备中存在两个逻辑AP工作在一条链路上，这种情况下，这两个逻辑AP可能属于同一multiple BSSID集合。
本申请实施例中基于AP多链路设备的Multiple BSSID集合架构可以如前面实施例中关于图5、6、7的相关表述，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，第二管理帧携带邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)，该邻居汇报元素需携带汇报AP的邻居AP的信息，比如该邻居AP工作的操作集，信道号，BSSID等等。如果AP多链路设备中的AP属于Multiple BSSID集合，则该邻居汇报元素还可以包括对应的Multiple BSSID元素。下面对邻居汇报元素进行举例说明。
邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)，比如其中的BSSID信息字段，携带第一信息。
第一信息：
第一信息用于指示如下信息中的一项或者多项：
该被汇报AP是否与汇报AP属于同一个MLD；被汇报AP是否属于一个MLD中的AP；该被汇报AP与前一个被汇报的被汇报AP同属于同一个MLD。
可选的，当第一信息指示以上列举的三项中的多项时，这多项可以单独指示，例如，第一信息包括3个比特，每个比特指示其中一项是否满足条件；例如，第1个比特取1指示被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个MLD，该第1个比特取0指示被汇报AP与汇报AP不属于同一个MLD；第2个比特取1指示被汇报AP属于一个MLD中的AP，该第2个比特取0指示被汇报AP不属于一个MLD中的AP；第3个比特取1指示被汇报AP与前一个被汇报的被汇报AP同属于同一个MLD，该第3个比特取0指示被汇报AP与前一个被汇报的被汇报AP不属于同一个MLD。
可选的，邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)，比如其中的可选子元素字段，携带第二信息。
第二信息：
第一种可选方案：第二信息包括被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD的MAC地址(Address)、AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD所包含的AP个数、AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD中各AP之间的同时收发(simutaneous transmit/receive，STR)能力指示、被汇报AP所对应的链路标识(Link ID)、AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD中除被汇报AP外的其他AP的信息(例如Link ID，operating class，channel number，BSSID，能力第三信息apabilities，操作信息Operating Infonation等信息)中的一项或者多项。
第二种可选方案：第二信息包括被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD的MAC地址(Address)、被汇报AP所对应的链路标识(Link ID)、能力第三信息apabilities，操作信息Operating Infonation中的一项或者多项。可选的，在这种方案中，被汇报AP所在的AP多链 路设备MLD中除被汇报AP外的其他AP的信息(例如Link ID，operating class，channel number，BSSID等信息)可以在另外的一个或多个邻居汇报元素中进行指示。可选的，一个邻居汇报元素承载一个AP信息。
可选的，通过在邻居汇报元素中设置一个MLD指示位(例如在比特21-31中的1bit作为一个MLD指示位)指示该被汇报AP是否属于某个MLD。如果被汇报AP属于某个MLD的AP，则MLD指示位的值取第一值；如果被汇报AP不属于某个MLD的AP，则MLD指示位的值取第二参数值；例如，第MLD指示位包括1比特，该1比特被设置为1指示被汇报AP属于某个MLD的AP，该1比特被设置为0指示被汇报AP不属于某个MLD的AP。比特21-31在帧结构中如图10所示。
可选的，当MLD指示位设置为第一值时，则携带上述第二信息(如在optional subelements中携带用于描述被汇报AP所在的MLD的subelement，然后在subelement中携带第二信息)。
可选的，如果该被汇报AP与汇报AP属于同一个MLD，由于站点已经通过其他字段获取到了汇报AP，因此邻居汇报元素不再携带上述第二信息。
可选的，如果该被汇报AP与前一个被汇报AP同属于同一个MLD，由于站点已经通过其他字段获取到了前一个被汇报AP所属的MLD的相关信息，因此邻居汇报元素不再携带该被汇报AP所属的MLD的MAC地址，当然也可以选择携带被汇报AP所属的MLD的MAC地址。
可选的，如果被汇报AP属于Multiple BSSID集合，此时邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)可选子元素(optional subelements)字段中携带被汇报AP所属的Multiple BSSIDset的Multiple BSSID元素(elements)的字段。Multiple BSSID元素的参考BSSID(或者说是Transmitted BSSID)携带于该邻居汇报元素中的BSSID字段中。
步骤S902：站点接收所述第二管理帧。
具体地，站点接收到该第二管理帧之后，解析得到该第二管理帧中的信息，例如，该第二管理帧中的邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)，下面重点讲述如何使用邻居汇报元素中的信息。
上述第二信息、第一信息中，哪些携带在了该邻居汇报元素中，则哪些信息就会被站点解析到。例如，如果邻居汇报元素(Neighbor Report element)可选子元素(optional subelements)字段携带了上述第二信息，和/或BSSID info字段的比特21～31中的保留(reserved)字段携带了第一信息，那么，则会解析出第二信息和/或第一信息。
如果解析到了第一信息，那么该站点可以通过第一信息获知以下一项或者多项内容：
该被汇报AP是否与汇报AP属于同一个MLD。
被汇报AP是否属于一个MLD中的AP。
该被汇报AP与前一个被汇报的被汇报AP是否同属于同一个MLD。
本申请实施例中，可选的，如果被汇报AP属于一个MLD中的AP，则该站点进一步解析上述第二信息。
第一种可选方案：第二信息包括被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD的MAC地址(Address)、AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD所包含的AP个数、AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD中各AP之间的同时收发(simutaneous transmit/receive，STR)能力指示、被汇报AP所对应的链路标识(Link ID)、AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD中除被汇报AP外的其他AP的信息(例如Link ID，operating class，channel number，BSSID，能力第三信息apabilities，操作信息Operating Infonation等信息)中的一项或者多项。
第二种可选方案：第二信息包括被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD的MAC地址(Address)、被汇报AP所对应的链路标识(Link ID)，能力第三信息apabilities，操作信息OperatingInfonation中的一项或者多项。可选的，在这种方案中，被汇报AP所在的AP多链路设备MLD中除被汇报AP外的其他AP的信息(例如Link ID，operating class，channel number，BSSID等信息)可以在另外的一个或多个邻居汇报元素中进行指示。可选的，一个邻居汇报元素承载一个AP信息。
本申请实施例中，站点基于邻居汇报元素中的第二信息，可以获知被汇报AP属于哪个MLD，综合其他被汇报AP对应的邻居汇报元素中信息，就可以对AP多链路设备的结构有整体的了解，进而从中选择可以作为站点切换BSS时的可选AP。
具体实现上，该站点发送关联请求帧或重关联请求帧给AP，AP接收到该关联请求帧或重关联请求帧后，在回复的关联响应帧或重关联响应帧中携带邻居汇报元素，该邻居元素携带属于MLD的一个或多个的AP的信息，比如AP的能力信息，操作信息等，其中能力信息用来指示AP的支持哪些功能，操作信息可以用来指示AP工作的中心频率，工作带宽等等，站点再根据该更详细的信息选择与相应的AP建立关联，下面举例进行说明。
示例1：站点发送关联请求给AP，AP在回复关联响应帧或者重关联响应中中携带邻居汇报元素，包括一个或多个的AP的信息。然后站点可以选择与该MLD的中的一个或多个的AP建立关联。例如，如图6所示，站点给AP发送关联请求帧，那么AP在关联响应帧或重关联响应帧中邻居元素携带MLD2中MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP，之后站点与选择是否与MAC地址为BSSID-2x的AP建立关联。
在图9所示的方法中，通过在第二管理帧的邻居汇报元素中携带被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，使得接收该第二管理帧的站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD的基本情况，从而更好地从邻居AP中选择作为站点切换BSS时的候选AP。
对于第二管理帧中的邻居汇报元素，在另一种实现方式中，本实施例提出在Neighbor Report element增加如下至少一项信息：
·被汇报AP是否与汇报AP属于同一个MLD
·被汇报AP是否属于某个MLD，
·如果被汇报AP属于某个MLD，则进一步指示该MLD所对应的部分或者全部信息，如MLD MAC Address和该被汇报AP所对应的Link ID，MLD所含有的站点个数，每个站点的信息中的一个或多个。
在第一种实现方式中，利用如图10所示，在BSS信息字段中的B21-B31中的携带1个1bit的MLD指示位，用于指示该BSSID是否属于某个MLD。如果BSSID属于某个MLD的，则MLD指示位置1；否则MLD指示位置0；
当MLD指示位置1时，则在optional subelements中携带一个用于描述该汇报AP所属的MLD的subelement，在该subelement中携带以下指示信息的一个或多个：
·MLD的MAC Address
·MLD所包含的AP个数
·各AP之间的STR(simutaneous transmit/receive，同时收发)能力指示
·被汇报AP所对应的Link ID
·MLD中其他成员AP的信息，如成员AP的Link ID,operating class,channel number，BSSID等信息。
在第二种实现方式中，例如图10所示，在BSS信息字段中的B21-B31中的携带1个1bit的MLD指示位，用于指示该BSSID是否属于某个MLD。如果BSSID属于某个MLD的一部分，则MLD指示位置1；否则MLD指示位置0；
当MLD指示位置1时，则在optional subelements中携带一个用于描述被汇报AP所属的MLD的subelement，在该subelement中携带以下指示信息：
·MLD的MAC Address
该MLD的其他AP的信息，比如operating class,channel number，BSSID等信息，可以使用另一个Neighbor Report elements进行指示，并在optional subelements中携带相同的用于描述对应MLD的subelement。
可选的，在第二种实现方式中，邻居汇报元素还可以包括一种指示方式，指示管理帧中前一个邻居汇报元素指示的被汇报AP与后一个邻居包元素指示的被汇报AP是否属于同一个MLD:比如，在BSS信息字段中的B21-B31中的携带1个1bit的前MLD指示位，用于指示该被汇报AP是否与前一个被汇报AP属于同一个MLD。
在第三种实现方式中，可以在BSS信息字段中的B21-B31中的携带1个1bit的MLD指示位，用于指示被汇报AP与汇报AP是否属于同一个MLD，若属于同一个MLD，则可选的，在该邻居汇报元素中可不包括被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的信息，因为汇报AP发送的管理帧中会携带汇报AP所属的MLD的信息。
采用本申请实施例的方法，站点可在邻居汇报元素中获取被汇报AP的所在的MLD的信息，使得站点可以根据这些信息获知各个被汇报AP的在MLD的基本情况，从而更好地从邻居AP中选择作为站点切换BSS时的候选AP。
请参见图11，图11是本申请实施例提供的一种基于DS系统的快速BSS切换方法，该方法涉及站点(non-AP)，该站点关联的当前AP(current AP)，该站点要切换到的目标AP(Target AP)，，该站点从关联的当前AP切换到目标AP的方法包括：
步骤S1101：站点向当前AP发送快速切换(fast transition，FT)请求(Request)帧。
可选的，当前AP接收到FT请求帧后，回复Ack帧。
步骤S1102：当前AP向站点发送FT响应帧。
可选的，站点接收到FT响应帧或者鉴权响应帧后，回复Ack帧。
本申请实施例中，该站点具体作为快速转移发起者(Fast Transition Originator，FTO)，其通过发送该FT请求帧来发起一个基于分布式系统(Distributed system，DS)的BSS切换，该FT请求帧的发送地址为站点的MAC地址，接收地址为当前AP的MAC地址，还会携带第一地址信息，其中，该第一地址信息包括站点所在的MLD的MAC地址、目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址、以及目标AP的MAC地址；或者，该第一地址信息包括站点所在的MLD的MAC地址、以及目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址。
例如，图13和14示意了一种TF请求行动字段和TF响应帧行动字段，其中TF请求行动字段包括包括分类，FT行动，STA地址，目标AP地址以及FT请求帧体子字段，如图13所示。FT响应帧行动字段包括FT确认行动字段，该FT请求行动字段包括分类，FT行动，STA地址，目标AP地址，状态码字以及FT响应帧体子字段，如图14所示。该TF请求帧行动字段和TF响应行动字段分别携带于TF请求帧和TF响应帧，其中TF请求帧和TF响应帧的MAC头携带接收地址和发送地址。
可选的，如果该站点属于一个站点MLD中的站点，该目标AP为一个AP多链路设备中的AP，该第一地址信息中的站点所在的MLD的MAC地址携带于图13或图14的站点的MAC地址字段中。该第一地址信息中的目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址携带于图13或图14的目标AP的MAC地址字段中。值得注意的是，如果发送FT请求帧的站点不属于MLD，则站点的MAC地址字段还是用于携带发送FT请求帧的站点的MAC地址。如果发送FT请求帧的站点要切换到的目标AP不属于MLD，则目标AP地址字段还是用于携带该站点要切换到的目标AP的MAC地址。
另一种方式，FT请求帧行动字段中的站点的MAC地址字段还是用于携带发送FT请求帧的站点的MAC地址，目标AP地址字段还是用于携带发送FT请求帧的站点要切换到的目标AP的MAC地址。站点所在的MLD的MAC地址，以及目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址携带于图13或图14中的FT请求帧体字段中。值得注意的是，如果发送FT请求帧的站点不属于MLD，则站点所在的MLD的MAC地址不存在。如果发送FT请求帧的站点要切换到的目标AP不属于MLD，则目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址不存在。
具体地，该当前AP接收到该FT行动帧后，解析得到其携带的第一地址信息。并将解析得到的第一地址信息发送给目标AP(Target AP)。
步骤S1103：站点向目标AP发送重关联请求帧。
其中，重关联请求帧中的当前AP地址字段携带当前AP所在MLD的MAC地址。
可选的，接收到重关联请求帧后，目标站点响应Ack帧
步骤S1104：目标AP向当前站点回复重关联响应帧。
可选的，接收到重关联响应帧后，站点回复Ack帧
可选的，上述重关联请求帧和重关联响应帧均携带上述第一地址信息。该第一地址信息中的目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址携带于目标AP的MAC地址字段中，或者携带于一个新增的字段。可选的，该第一地址信息中的站点所在的MLD的MAC地址携带于站点的MAC地址字段中，或者携带于一个新增的字段。另外，如果发送重关联请求帧的站点不属于MLD，则站点的MAC地址字段还是用于携带发送重关联请求帧的站点的MAC地址。
除了上述提到的FT协议，本申请实施例还适用于FT资源请求协议。基于DS系统的FT资源请求协议除了包括上述步骤S1101，S1102，S1103和S1104外，在步骤S1102与步骤S1103之间还包括如下步骤：
步骤S1105：站点向当前AP发送FT确认(confirm)帧。
可选的，收到FT确认(confirm)帧后，当前AP回复Ack帧。
步骤S1106：当前AP向站点发送FT ACK帧。
可选的，收到FTAck帧后，站点回复Ack帧。
其中，FT确认(confirm)帧包括FTconfirm行动字段，该FTconfirm行动字段包括分类，FT行动，STA地址，目标AP地址以及FTconfirm帧体子字段，具有如图13类似的结构。FTAck帧包括FTACK行动字段，该FTACK行动字段包括分类，FT行动，STA地址，目标AP地址，状态码字以及FT Ack帧体子字段，具有如图14类似的结构。该FTconfirm帧和FT Ack帧携带第一地址信息，具体携带方法如前面FT请求帧和FT响应帧中所述，不在赘述。站点所在的MLD的MAC地址，目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址也可能一个或多个不存在，具体如FT请求帧和FT响应中的叙述，这里不再赘述。
在图11所示的方法中，该方法提供一种站点多链路设备快速切换到AP多链路设备的方法，或者站点快速切换到AP多链路设备的方法，或者站点多链路设备快速切换到AP的方 法，可以帮助多链路设备的所有站点参与快速切换。
请参见图12，图12是本申请实施例提供的一种基于无线空口的快速BSS切换方法，该方法涉及站点(non-AP)，该站点关联的当前AP(current AP)，该站点要切换到的目标AP(Target AP)，其中，如果该站点属于一个站点MLD中的站点，该目标AP为一个AP多链路设备中的AP，当该站点从关联的当前AP切换到目标AP时，该方法包括：
步骤S1201：站点向目标AP发送鉴权请求帧。
可选的，目标AP接收到鉴权请求帧后，回复Ack帧。
步骤S1202：所述目标AP给站点发送鉴权响应帧。
可选的，站点接收到该鉴权响应帧后，回复Ack帧。
本申请实施例中，鉴权请求帧和鉴权响应帧还携带第一地址信息，比如携带于帧体中，其中，该第一地址信息包括站点所在的MLD的MAC地址、目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址、以及目标AP的MAC地址；或者，该第一地址信息包括站点所在的MLD的MAC地址、以及目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址。另一种方式：鉴权请求帧携带第一地址信息，具体来讲，鉴权请求帧的SA地址字段携带STA所在的MLD的MAC地址，DA字段携带目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址。鉴权响应帧携带第一地址信息，具体来讲，鉴权响应帧帧中的SA地址字段携带目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址，DA字段携带STA所在的MLD地址。站点所在的MLD的MAC地址，目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址也可能一个或多个不存在，具体如FT请求帧和FT响应中的叙述，这里不再赘述
步骤S1203：站点向目标AP发送重关联请求帧。
其中，重关联请求帧中的当前AP地址字段携带当前AP所在MLD的MAC地址。
可选的，接收到重关联请求帧后，目标站点响应Ack帧
步骤S1204：目标AP向当前站点回复重关联响应帧。
可选的，接收到重关联响应帧后，站点回复Ack帧。
可选的，上述重关联请求帧和重关联响应帧均携带上述第一地址信息。该第一地址信息中的目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址携带于目标AP的MAC地址字段中，或者携带于一个新增的字段。可选的，该第一地址信息中的站点所在的MLD的MAC地址携带于站点的MAC地址字段中，或者携带于一个新增的字段。另外，如果发送重关联请求帧的站点不属于MLD，则站点的MAC地址字段还是用于携带发送重关联请求帧的站点的MAC地址。
除了上述提到的FT协议，本申请实施例还适用于FT资源请求协议。基于无线空口的FT资源请求协议除了包括上述步骤S1201，S1202，S1203和S1204之外，在步骤S1202和S1203之间还包括：
步骤S1205：站点向当前AP发送鉴权确认(confirm)帧。
步骤S1206：当前AP向站点发送鉴权ACK帧。
其中，鉴权确认(confirm)帧和鉴权ACK帧还携带站点所在的MLD的MAC地址，目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址中的一个或多个，比如携带于帧体中。另一种方式：鉴权确认(confirm)帧携带第一地址信息，具体来讲鉴权确认(confirm)帧的SA地址字段携带STA所在的MLD地址，DA字段携带目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址。鉴权Ack帧携带第一地址信息，具体来讲，鉴权Ack帧中的SA地址字段携带目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址，DA字段携带STA所在的MLD地址。站点所在的MLD的MAC地址，目标AP所在的MLD的MAC地址也可能一个或多个不存在，具体如FT请求帧和FT响应中的叙述，这里不再赘 述。
对于non-AP MLD切换到AP MLD这种情况，一个示例中，对应的FT Request/Response/confirm/ACK帧中的STA Address和Target AP Address字段应该分别携带相应的non-AP MLD的SAP Address和AP MLD的SAP Address。
在图12所示的方法中，该方法提供一种站点多链路设备快速切换到AP多链路设备的方法，或者站点快速切换到AP多链路设备的方法，或者站点多链路设备快速切换到AP的方法，可以帮助多链路设备的所有站点参与快速切换。
下面详细介绍本申请实施例提供的装置，能够提高发现AP的效率。
图15示出了本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置1500，该装置可以是上述实施例中的接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)或者站点(如接收第一管理帧的站点、或者接收第二管理帧的站点，或者上述BSS切换流程中的站点)，还可以是接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)或者站点(如接收第一管理帧的站点、或者接收第二管理帧的站点，或者上述BSS切换流程中的站点)中的芯片或处理系统，可以实现上述图4所示实施例的方法和功能，或者实现上述图9所示实施例的方法和功能，或者实现上述图11所示实施例的方法和功能，或者实现上述图12所示实施例的方法和功能。由于集成度的差异，该通信装置可以包括如图15所示的部件中的一个或多个。图15所示出的部件可以包括至少一个处理器1501，存储器1502、收发器1503以及通信总线1504。
下面结合图15对该通信装置400的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
处理器1501是通信装置1500的控制中心，可以是一个处理器，也可以是多个处理元件的统称。例如，处理器1501是一个中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，也可以是特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或者是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个微处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)。其中，处理器1501可以通过运行或执行存储在存储器1502内的软件程序，以及调用存储在存储器1502内的数据，执行通信设备的各种功能。在具体的实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1501可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图15中所示的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信装置1500可以包括多个处理器，例如图15中所示的处理器1501和处理器1505。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核处理器(single-CPU)，也可以是一个多核处理器(multi-CPU)。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个通信设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
存储器1502可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储通信设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储通信设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储通信设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器1502可以是独立存在，通过通信总线15010与处理器1501相连接。存储器1502也可以和处理器1501集成在一起。其中，所述存储器1502用于存储执行本申请方案的软件程序，并由处理器1501来控制执行。
收发器1503，用于与其他设备(例如第二设备)之间的通信。当然，收发器1503还可以 用于与通信网络通信，通信网络例如为以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)等。收发器1503可以包括接收单元实现接收功能，以及发送单元实现发送功能。
通信总线15010，可以是工业标准体系结构(Industry Standard Architecture，ISA)总线、外部通信设备互连(Peripheral Component，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准体系结构(Extended Industry Standard Architecture，EISA)总线等。该总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图15中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
一个示例中，该通信装置1500为一个整机的设备，该通信装置可包括：处理器1501，存储器1502以及收发器1503以及通信总线1504，可选的，还可以包括其他部件，比如显示频等。
可选的，该通信装置1500为接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)，可以用于实现前述图4所示实施例中的方法和功能。例如，存储器中存储计算机程序(指令)，当处理器调用该计算机程序时，实现上述方法和功能，比如，处理器用于生成第一管理帧(携带精简邻居汇报元素)，收发器用于发送第二管理帧(携带邻居汇报元素)。例如，处理器用于控制收发器执行步骤S401，当然，该步骤S401中涉及的第一管理帧的生成过程也可以由该处理器来完成。
可选的，该通信装置1500为站点，可以用于实现前述图9所示实施例涉及站点的方法和功能。例如，存储器中存储计算机程序，当处理器调用该计算机程序时，实现上述方法和功能，比如，处理器用于生成信令或帧(如FT请求帧，或者鉴权请求帧)，收发器用于发送信令或帧(如接收FT响应帧，或者鉴权响应帧)。例如，处理器用于生成控制收发器接收步骤S901中的FT请求帧或者鉴权请求帧，之后处理器根据相关条件判断是否需要回复FT响应帧或者鉴权响应帧，如果需要回复则通过收发器发送该FT响应帧或者鉴权响应帧。另一个示例中，该通信装置1500为接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)或者站点(如接收第一管理帧的站点、或者接收第二管理帧的站点，或者上述BSS切换流程中的站点)中的芯片系统或处理系统，使得安装该芯片系统或处理系统的设备实现前述图4或图9或图11或图12所示实施例中的方法和功能。那么该通信装置1500可以包括如图15所示的部分部件，比如通信装置1500包括处理器，该处理器可与存储器耦合，调用存储器中的指令并执行，从而配置安装该芯片系统或处理系统的设备实现前述图4或图9或图11或图12所示的方法和功能。可选的，该存储器可以是芯片系统或处理系统中的一个部件，也可以是芯片系统或处理系统外耦合链接的一个部件。一个示例中，该芯片系统或处理系统安装于接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)或者站点(如接收第一管理帧的站点、或者接收第二管理帧的站点，或者上述BSS切换流程中的站点)中，可以使得接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)或者站点(如接收第一管理帧的站点、或者接收第二管理帧的站点，或者上述BSS切换流程中的站点)实现前述实施例中对应的方法和功能。
该芯片系统或处理系统可以支持802.11系列协议进行通信，比如支持802.11be,802.11ax，802.11ac等等。该芯片系统可以安装于各种支持WLAN传输的场景中的设备中，WLAN传输场景中的设备已在本说明书的开头部分介绍，此处不赘述。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)或者站点(如接收第一管理帧的站点、或者接收第二管理帧的站点，或者上述BSS切换流程中的站点)进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两 个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
在采用集成的单元的情况下，图16示出了一种通信装置1600的可能的结构示意图，该通信装置1600可以为链路设备或多链路设备中的芯片或处理系统，所述通信装置1600可以执行上述方法实施例中多链路设备的操作。该通信装置1600包括：处理单元1601和收发单元1602。
一个示例中，通信装置1600为上述接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)或者站点(如接收第一管理帧的站点、或者接收第二管理帧的站点，或者上述BSS切换流程中的站点)。
其中，处理单元1601可以用于对通信装置1600的动作进行控制管理。例如，生成生成第一管理帧，或者第二管理帧。再例如，控制收发单元1602的操作。可选的，若通信装置1600包括存储单元，则处理单元1601还可以执行存储在存储单元中的程序或指令，以使得通信装置1600实现上述任一实施例所涉及的方法和功能。
示例性的，上述处理单元1601可以控制收发单元执行例如图4中的步骤S401，或图9中的步骤901，或，图11中步骤S1101-S1104，或，图12中步骤S1201-S1204，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，上述收发单元1602既可以收发一条链路传输的数据或信令，也可以收发多条链路上传输的数据或信令。可选的，该收发单元1602可以为一个收发模块，也可以包括多个收发模块。当收发单元1602为一个收发模块时，该收发模块既可以收发多条链路上的数据。比如，第一多链路设备工作在两条链路上，那么收发单元1602包括两个收发模块时，其中一个收发模块工作在一条链路上，另一个收发模块工作在另一条链路上。示例性的，上述收发单元1602可以用于执行例如图4中的步骤S401，或，图9中的步骤S901，或，图11中步骤S1101-S1104，或，图12中步骤S1201-S1204，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，该通信装置1600可以为图15所示的通信装置，处理单元1601可以为图15中的处理器1501、收发单元BB02可以为图15中的收发器1503。可选的，该通信装置1600还可以包括存储器，该存储器用于存储通信装置1600执行上文所提供的任一多链路设备间的通信方法所对应的程序代码和数据。上述图15涉及的各部件的所有相关内容的描述均可以援引到该通信装置1600对应部件的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，该通信装置1600还可以为芯片或处理器，其中的处理单元1602为芯片或处理器中的处理电路，收发单元1602可以为芯片或处理器中的输入/输出电路，输入/输出电路为芯片或处理器与其他耦合部件相互通信或交互数据的接口，可确保信令或数据信息或程序指令被输入到芯片或处理器中进行处理，且将处理后的数据或信令输出给其他耦合的部件，并控制安装该芯片或处理器的第一多链路设备实现功能。
另一个示例中，通信装置1600为第二设备或第二设备中的芯片。
示例性的，上述处理单元1601可以用于生成第一管理帧，或者第二管理帧，例如，图4中的步骤S401中的第一管理帧就是处理单元1601生成的，或图9中的S901中的第二管理帧就是处理单元1601生成的，或图11中步骤S1101中的FT请求帧就是处理单元1601生成 的，或图12中步骤S1201中的鉴权请求帧就是处理单元1601生成的，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，上述收发单元1602既可以收发一条链路传输的数据或信令，也可以收发多条链路上传输的数据或信令。可选的，该收发单元1602可以为一个收发模块，也可以包括多个收发模块。当收发单元1602为一个收发模块时，该收发模块既可以收发多条链路上的数据。比如，站点工作在两条链路上，那么收发单元1602包括两个收发模块时，其中一个收发模块工作在一条链路上，另一个收发模块工作在另一条链路上。示例性的，上述收发单元1602可以用于执行例如图4中的步骤S401，或，图9中的步骤S901、S902，或，图11所示的步骤S1101-S1104，或，图12所示的步骤S1201-S1204，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，该通信装置1600可以为图15所示的通信装置，处理单元1601可以为图15中的处理器1501、收发单元1602可以为图15中的收发器1503。可选的，该通信装置1600还可以包括存储器，该存储器用于存储通信装置1600执行上文所提供的任一方法所对应的程序代码和数据。上述图15涉及的各部件的所有相关内容的描述均可以援引到该通信装置1600对应部件的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
示例性的，该通信装置1600还可以为芯片或处理器，其中的处理单元1602为芯片或处理器中的处理电路，收发单元1602可以为芯片或处理器中的输入/输出电路，输入/输出电路为芯片或处理器与其他耦合部件相互通信或交互数据的接口，可确保信令或数据信息或程序指令被输入到芯片或处理器中进行处理，且将处理后的数据或信令输出给其他耦合的部件，并控制安装该芯片或处理器的设备实现功能。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序代码，当上述处理器执行该计算机程序代码时，使得该处理器所在的电子设备(如AP、,站点)执行图4、或图9，或图11，或图12中任一实施例的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机(如AP、站点)执行图4、或图9，或图11，或图12中任一实施例的方法。。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置，该装置可以以芯片的产品形态存在，该装置的结构中包括处理器和接口电路，该处理器用于通过接收电路与其它装置通信，使得该装置执行上述图4、图9，或图11，或图12中任一实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括上述接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)和站点，该接入点AP(例如AP多链路设备中的汇报AP)和站点可以执行上述图4或图9或图11或图12实施例中的方法。或者该通信系统包括上述站点，该站点可以执行上述图11实施例中的方法。结合本申请公开内容所描述的方法或者算法的步骤可以硬件的方式来实现，也可以是由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、闪存、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable ROM，EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、只读光盘(CD-ROM)或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于核心网 接口设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于核心网接口设备中。
本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，在上述一个或多个示例中，本申请所描述的功能可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将这些功能存储在计算机可读介质中或者作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机可读存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是通用或专用计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。
以上所述的具体实施方式，对本申请的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本申请的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本申请的保护范围，凡在本申请的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (33)

  1. 一种AP多链路设备发现方法，其特征在于，包括：
    汇报AP向站点发送第一管理帧，其中所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，
    所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息、第二信息、第三信息中一项或多项，其中；
    所述第一信息用于指示被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
    所述第二信息用于指示所述被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
    所述第三信息用于指示所述被汇报AP和所述汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
  2. 一种AP多链路设备发现方法，其特征在于，包括：
    站点接收汇报AP发送第一管理帧，其中所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，
    所述邻居AP的信息包括第一信息、第二信息、第三信息中一项或多项，其中；
    所述第一信息用于指示被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
    所述第二信息用于指示所述被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
    所述第三信息用于指示所述被汇报AP和所述汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第四信息，其中，所述第四信息用于指示被汇报AP是否属于多BSSID集合。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第八信息，其中，所述所述第八信息包括被汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，
    若所述被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述第八信息。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，
    若所述被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述第八信息。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第九信息，其中，所述第九信息包括所述被汇报AP所属的多BSSID集合的多BSSID集合序号。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，
    若所述被汇报AP属于多BSSID集合，
    且所述被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD，
    则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述第九信息。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，
    若所述被汇报AP与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，
    则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述第九信息。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示所述被汇报AP的链路标识。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括第六信息和第七信息中的一项或者多项，其中：
    所述第六信息用于指示所述汇报AP的链路标识和/或汇报AP所在MLD的MAC地址；
    所述第七信息用于指示所述第一管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息，或者用于指示管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息以及全部第一被汇报AP所在的多BSSID集合中的成员的信息，所述第一被汇报AP为所述汇报AP所属的MLD中除所述汇报AP的其他AP成员。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法：所述邻居AP的信息携带于精简邻居汇报元素或邻居汇报元素。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述第一管理帧为信标帧，或者探测响应帧。
  14. 一种AP多链路设备发现装置，其特征在于，包括：
    发送单元，用于向站点发送第一管理帧，其中所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，
    所述邻居AP的信息包括信息A、信息B、信息C中一项或多项，其中；
    所述信息A用于指示被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
    所述信息B用于指示所述被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
    所述信息C用于指示所述被汇报AP和所述汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
  15. 一种AP多链路设备发现装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收汇报AP发送的第一管理帧，其中，所述第一管理帧携带邻居AP的信息，所述汇报AP属于AP多链路设备，
    所述邻居AP的信息包括信息A、信息B、信息C中一项或多项，其中；
    所述信息A用于指示被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP在同一个MLD或者被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
    所述信息B用于指示所述被汇报AP是否与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合；
    所述信息C用于指示所述被汇报AP和所述汇报AP是否同属于一个MLD。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括信息D，其中，所述信息D用于指示被汇报AP是否属于多BSSID集合。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括信息H，其中，所述所述信息H包括被汇报AP所属的MLD的MLD序号。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，
    若所述被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD或者与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述信息H。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，
    若所述被汇报AP与汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述信息H。
  20. 根据权利要求1-19任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括信息I，其中，所述信息I包括所述被汇报AP所属的多BSSID集合的多BSSID集合序号。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，
    若所述被汇报AP属于多BSSID集合，
    且所述被汇报AP与汇报AP在同一个MLD，
    则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述信息I。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，
    若所述被汇报AP与所述汇报AP所属的MLD的成员属于同一个多BSSID集合，
    则所述邻居AP的信息包括所述信息I。
  23. 根据权利要求14-22任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括信息E，所述信息E用于指示所述被汇报AP的链路标识。
  24. 根据权利要求14-23任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述邻居AP的信息还包括信息F和信息G中的一项或者多项，其中：
    所述信息F用于指示所述汇报AP的链路标识和/或汇报AP所在MLD的MAC地址；
    所述信息G用于指示所述第一管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息，或者用于指示管理帧是否携带了全部第一被汇报AP的信息以及全部第一被汇报AP所在的多BSSID集合中的成员的信息，所述第一被汇报AP为所述汇报AP所属的MLD中除所述汇报AP的其他AP成员。
  25. 根据权利要求14-24任一项所述的装置，其特征在于：所述邻居AP的信息携带于精简邻居汇报元素或邻居汇报元素。
  26. 根据权利要求14-25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一管理帧为信标帧，或者探测响应帧。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行计算机程序，使得如权利要求1、3-13中任一项所述的方法被执行或使得如权利要求2-13中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述存储器中存储计算机程序，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序以使得如权利要求1、3-13中任一项所述的方法被执行或使得如权利要求2-13中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  29. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和收发器，所述收发器用于收发信息，或者用于与其他网元通信，所述处理器通过控制所述收发器进行信息收发或与其他网元通信来执行如权利要求1、3-13中任一项所述的方法或执行如权利要求2-13中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器用于通过所述接口电路与其它装置通信，使得所述装置执行如权利要求1、3-13中任一项所述的方法或执行如权利要求2-13中任一项所述的方法。
  31. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，当其在处理器上运行时，实现权利要求1-13任一所述的方法。
  32. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的方法。
  33. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求14、16-26中任一项所述的装置，以及如权利要求15-26中任一项所述的装置。
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AU2021248280A1 (en) 2022-11-10
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US20240015640A1 (en) 2024-01-11
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US20230024407A1 (en) 2023-01-26
CN115802331A (zh) 2023-03-14
JP2023520069A (ja) 2023-05-15
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US11902887B2 (en) 2024-02-13
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