WO2021197120A1

WO2021197120A1 - Clamping fixture

Info

Publication number: WO2021197120A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/082274
Authority: WO
Inventors: 梁冰; 孟西陵; 李婷; 周伟; 黄敬伟
Original assignee: 上海精智实业股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-03-30
Filing date: 2021-03-23
Publication date: 2021-10-07
Also published as: JP7353014B2; JP2023516106A; CN111206145B; CN111206145A

Abstract

The present application relate to the technical field of clamping apparatuses. Disclosed in the present application is a clamping fixture. The clamping fixture comprises: a mounting portion; a first clamping portion fixedly mounted on the mounting portion; and a second clamping portion mounted on the mounting portion, wherein the distance between the second clamping portion and the first clamping portion is adjustable, and the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion are used for clamping a workpiece on the clamping fixture. According to the clamping fixture provided by the present application, the distance between the second clamping portion and the first clamping portion is set to be adjustable, so as to adapt to the amount of deformation of the workpiece during induction quenching machining, thereby allowing for the machining quality to be improved during induction quenching, and allowing for the clamping stability of the workpiece to be improved during machining.

Description

A clamping tool

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office with the application number CN202010235311.1 on March 30, 2020, and the entire content of the application is incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of clamping devices, for example, to a clamping tool.

Background technique

Induction hardening is a processing technology that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to generate eddy currents in the workpiece to heat the workpiece.

In the induction hardening process, an induction coil is generally used to pass through the workpiece to heat the workpiece. The local area of the workpiece passed by the induction coil is heated to more than 800 degrees Celsius. The heated workpiece will expand and deform; the workpiece will recover after the workpiece is cooled. Undisturbed.

When induction hardening a workpiece, a clamping tool is generally used to clamp the workpiece. The clamping tool is provided with at least two clamping parts, and the two clamping parts are respectively clamped at two clamping points on the workpiece. However, when the workpiece undergoes thermal expansion, its axial dimension becomes longer, but the relative distance between the two clamping parts does not change, which cannot adapt to the thermal expansion deformation of the workpiece during the induction hardening process, which affects the quenching effect.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a clamping tool to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a clamping tool to adapt to the deformation of the workpiece due to thermal expansion during induction hardening.

As conceived as above, the technical solution adopted by the present disclosure is:

A clamping tooling, including:

Installation department

The first clamping part is fixedly installed on the mounting part;

The second clamping portion is installed on the mounting portion, and the distance between the second clamping portion and the first clamping portion is adjustable;

The first clamping part and the second clamping part are used for clamping the workpiece on the clamping tool.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping tool provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure when in use;

2 is a schematic diagram of the clamping tool provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure when clamping a workpiece;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping tool provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

4 is a schematic diagram of the structure in FIG. 3 with the second clamping part hidden;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second clamping part installed on a floating part according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 6 is a partial structural diagram of a clamping tool provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a floating part provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the picture:

1. Mounting part; 11, guide rod; 12, limit plate; 13, second limit block; 131, second abutment block;

2. The first clamping part;

3. Floating part; 31, first limiting block; 311, first abutting block; 3111, first avoiding groove; 312, connecting block; 32, penetration part; 321, guide hole; 33, first limiting Block installation department;

4. Workpiece;

5. Return to zero mechanism; 51. Pull rod; 511. First abutment flange; 512. Second abutment flange;

6. The second clamping part;

7. Manipulator.

Detailed ways

When the induction coil is used to quench the workpiece, in order to be able to adapt to the thermal expansion deformation of the workpiece during the induction quenching process, this embodiment provides a clamping tool.

Specifically, referring to Figures 1 and 2, the clamping tool provided in this embodiment includes a mounting portion 1, a first clamping portion 2 and a second clamping portion 6, and a first clamping portion 2 and a second clamping portion 6 It is used to clamp the workpiece 4 on the clamping tool. Specifically, the first clamping portion 2 is fixedly mounted on the mounting portion 1, the second clamping portion 6 is mounted on the mounting portion 1, and the distance between the second clamping portion 6 and the first clamping portion 2 is adjustable to Adapt to the thermal expansion and deformation of the workpiece 4 during induction hardening.

In order to facilitate the movement of the holding tooling in the processes of picking, quenching, and placing, in this embodiment, the clamping tool also includes a manipulator 7, and the mounting part 1 is fixedly installed at the end of the manipulator 7, which is moved and installed by the manipulator 7 Part 1 moves to realize the processes of taking parts, quenching and releasing parts.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first clamping portion 2 and the second clamping portion 6 are both pneumatic clamping nozzles. Pneumatic chuck is a very mature related technology and will not be described here. When it needs to grip the workpiece 4, the two gripping fingers of the pneumatic gripping nozzle can be opened to grip the workpiece 4. After the gripping structure, the two gripping fingers are closed to clamp the workpiece 4.

When clamping the workpiece 4, the manipulator 7 moves the mounting plate 1 to the pickup position, and the clamping nozzles of the first clamping portion 2 and the second clamping portion 6 open and clamp the workpiece 4, and then the manipulator 7 drives the installation The plate 1 moves to the processing position, and the workpiece 4 is induction hardened by an induction coil (not shown in the figure).

When the induction coil quenches the workpiece 4, the clamping tool clamps the workpiece 4, and the manipulator 7 moves to make the workpiece 4 pass through the center position of the induction coil at a constant speed. When the first clamping part 2 or the second clamping part 6 travels to When the position of the induction coil, the corresponding clamping fingers are opened to avoid the induction coil.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to avoid that after the clamping fingers of one of the first clamping portion 2 and the second clamping portion 6 are opened, there is only one clamping point for the workpiece 4, resulting in failure to clamp the workpiece 4 Stable, in this embodiment, at least two first clamping portions 2 are provided on the mounting portion 2.

During the induction hardening process, the induction coil heats the work piece 4 and causes the work piece 4 to expand and deform, thereby making the size of the work piece 4 along its own extension direction larger. After the temperature of the work piece 4 is cooled, the size of the work piece 4 will be restored to The initial state. In this embodiment, the distance between the second clamping portion 6 and the first clamping portion 2 is adjustable. When the size of the workpiece 4 becomes larger due to thermal expansion, the second clamping portion 6 is relative to the first clamping portion 2 When the temperature of the workpiece 4 cools down, the distance between the second clamping portion 6 and the first clamping portion 2 becomes smaller, which can adapt to the deformation of the workpiece 4 and become the workpiece 4. Provide stable support.

Refer to Figure 3, because the deformation of the workpiece 4 is a process that changes linearly and continuously with time, and the magnitude of the change is small, in order to make the adjustment of the distance between the second clamping portion 6 and the first clamping portion 2 and the workpiece 4 Adapting to the deformation, in this embodiment, the clamping tooling further includes a floating portion 3. The second clamping portion 6 is fixedly mounted on the floating portion 3, the floating portion 3 is mounted on the mounting portion 1, and the floating portion 3 can be opposite to the mounting portion 1. Float to adjust the distance between the second clamping portion 6 and the first clamping portion 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the floating direction of the floating portion 3 is consistent with the connecting direction of the first clamping portion 2 and the second clamping portion 6.

The floating portion 3 is arranged so that the distance between the second clamping portion 6 and the first clamping portion 2 can be adjusted by the floating of the second clamping portion 6, so that the second clamping portion 6 is relative to the first clamping portion. The distance of 2 can be fine-tuned with the deformation of the workpiece 4, so that the holding tool can adapt to the deformation of the workpiece 4 during the quenching process while providing stable support for the workpiece 4, and improve the processing quality of induction quenching.

4 and 5, in order to prevent the floating direction of the floating part 3 from shifting during the floating process, and always provide a stable support for the workpiece 4. The mounting part 1 is provided with a guide rod 11, and the floating part 3 penetrates the guide The rod 11 is capable of floating back and forth along the guide rod 11.

At the same time, in order to limit the floating limit position of the floating portion 3, prevent the floating portion 3 from floating excessively due to inertia when floating with the deformation of the workpiece 4, which affects the stability of the clamping of the workpiece 4. In this embodiment, the guide The rod 11 extends from the end surface of the mounting portion 1, and one end of the floating portion 3 can float to abut against the end surface of the mounting portion 1, that is, the end surface of the mounting portion 1 is the first limit position of the floating portion 3; at the same time, the end of the guide rod 11 The end of the guide rod 11 away from the end surface of the mounting part 1 is provided with a limit plate 12, the other end of the floating part 3 can float to abut the limit plate 12, that is, the limit plate 12 at the end of the guide rod 11 is floating The second extreme position of section 3. The floating portion 3 can float between the first limit position and the second limit position along the guide rod 11. When the floating portion 3 floats toward the second limit position, the distance between the second clamping portion 6 and the first clamping portion 2 changes. Large; when the floating portion 3 floats toward the first extreme position, the distance between the second clamping portion 6 and the first clamping portion 2 becomes smaller.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least two guide rods 11 are provided to improve the stability during the guiding process. Correspondingly, the floating portion 3 is provided with guide holes 321 corresponding to the plurality of guide rods 11 one-to-one, and the guide rods 11 pass through the corresponding guide holes 321.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a guide rail parallel to the connection direction of the first clamping portion 2 and the second clamping portion 6 may also be provided on the mounting portion 1, and a guide rail capable of sliding back and forth along the guide rail is provided on the guide rail. The sliding block, the floating part 3 is fixedly installed on the sliding block, and the floating part 3 is realized by the guide rail slider mechanism and the floating part 3 is guided. At the same time, limit parts corresponding to the first limit position and the second limit position are respectively provided on the guide rail to limit the floating part 3. The friction force of the guide rail slider mechanism in the sliding process is small, and the slider can slide relative to the guide rail with only a small force, so that the floating part 3 has a higher sensitivity and is better adapted to the deformation of the workpiece 4.

Referring to Fig. 6, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the consistency of the gripping position of the gripping tooling each time the workpiece 4 is gripped, the gripping tooling also includes a zero return mechanism 5, which is provided on the mounting part 1. The zero return mechanism 5 can fix the floating part 3 on the mounting part 1, so that the position of the floating part 3 on the mounting part 1 cannot be changed, so that the second clamping part 6 can grasp the workpiece 4 every time Consistency of location.

Specifically, the zero return mechanism 5 includes a pull rod 51 that can selectively pull the floating portion 3 to abut the mounting portion 1 so that the floating portion 3 cannot float, or disengage from the floating portion 3 so that the floating portion 3 can float.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pull rod 51 can be extended or retracted relative to the mounting portion 1, and the end of the pull rod 51 is provided with a first abutting flange 511, and the first abutting flange 511 is configured to act as a pull rod. When 51 is retracted, the first abutting flange 511 pulls the floating portion 3 to abut the mounting portion 1 so that the floating portion 3 cannot float; when the pull rod 51 is extended, the first abutting flange 511 is separated from the floating portion 3 The floating part 3 can be floated.

6 and 7, the floating portion 3 is fixedly provided with a first limiting block 31 that cooperates with the first abutting flange 511, and the first abutting flange 511 can selectively pull the first limiting block 31 so that The floating portion 3 abuts against the mounting portion 1 or separates from the first stop block 31 to enable the floating portion 3 to float.

Specifically, the floating portion 3 is an integrally formed structure, which is in an "L" shape, and includes a vertical penetration portion 32 and a first limit block mounting portion 33. The guide hole 321 is provided on the penetration portion 32, and the penetration portion One side of 32 can abut the end surface of the mounting portion 1, and the other side can abut the limit plate 12.

The first limiting block 31 is in an "L" shape, and includes a first abutting block 311 and a connecting block 312 that are vertically connected. The connecting block 312 is vertically arranged on the first limiting block mounting portion 33, and the first abutting block 311 is free from The end of the connecting block 312 away from the first limiting block mounting portion 33 extends perpendicular to the connecting block 312, the first abutting block 311 is provided with a first avoiding groove 3111, and the pull rod 51 passes through the first avoiding groove 3111. The abutting flange 511 is located between the first abutting block 311 and the first limiting block mounting portion 33, and the first abutting flange 511 can selectively abut against the first abutting block 311 or to abut against the first Block 311 disengages.

When the first abutting flange 511 abuts against the first abutting block 311, the first abutting flange 511 can pull the first abutting block 311 with the retraction of the pull rod 51, thereby causing the floating portion 3 to move to the first The extreme position and the penetration portion 32 abuts against the end surface of the mounting portion 1, so that the floating portion 3 cannot float. When the pull rod 51 extends, the first abutting flange 511 is separated from the first abutting block 311. At this time, there is a certain distance between the first abutting flange 511 and the first abutting block 311. There is also a certain distance between the block mounting portions 33, that is, there is no contact between the first abutting flange 511 and the floating portion 3, and the floating portion 3 can float back and forth along the guide rod 11 to adapt to the deformation of the workpiece 4.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, referring to FIG. 6, in order to prevent the pull rod 51 from extending excessively so that the first abutting flange 511 abuts the first limit block mounting portion 33, the floating portion 3 can only float in one direction. In this embodiment, the mounting portion 1 is provided with a second limiting block 13, and the tie rod 51 is provided with a second abutment flange 512 spaced apart from the first abutment flange 511, and the tie rod 51 can extend until the second abutment flange 511. The abutting flange 512 abuts against the second limiting block 13, so that the first abutting flange 511 is separated from the floating portion 3, so that the floating portion 3 can float back and forth.

In order to enable the second abutting flange 512 to effectively abut against the second limiting block 13, in this embodiment, the second limiting block 13 is provided with two second abutting blocks 131 spaced apart. An escape space through which the tie rod 51 passes is formed between the connecting blocks 131. When the second abutting flange 512 abuts against the second limiting block 13, the second abutting flange 512 also simultaneously touches the two second abutting blocks. 131 abutting.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the zero return mechanism 5 is an air cylinder, and the tie rod 51 is the output rod of the air cylinder.

The method of using the clamping tool provided in this embodiment is as follows:

(1) Before clamping the workpiece 4, ensure that the pull rod 51 of the zero return mechanism 5 is in the zero return state. The zero return state is: the pull rod 51 is in the retracted state, and the first abutting flange 511 abuts the first abutting block 311 And pull the first abutment block 311 so that the floating portion 3 abuts against the end surface of the mounting portion 1, so that the distance between the first clamping portion 2 and the second clamping portion 6 is fixed, and then the manipulator 7 drives the mounting portion 1 to move and grasp Take the workpiece 4; at this time, the second abutting flange 512 has no contact with the second limiting block 13;

(2) The zero adjustment mechanism 5 is in the released state, the release state is: the pull rod 51 is in the extended state, the second abutting flange 512 abuts the second limiting block 13, and the first abutting flange 511 is separated from the first There is a distance between the abutment block 311 and the first abutment flange 511, the first abutment block 311 and the first limit block mounting portion 33, so that the floating portion 3 can float back and forth along the guide rod 11 to adapt to quenching Deformation of work piece 4;

(3) The movement of the manipulator 7 drives the workpiece 4 through the induction coil to perform induction hardening on the workpiece 4; when the workpiece 4 has thermal expansion, the floating part 3 floats in the direction close to the limit plate 12, so that the second clamping part 6 Keep away from the first clamping portion 2; when the workpiece 4 is gradually cooled, the floating portion 3 floats toward the end of the mounting portion 1 to adapt to the deformation of the workpiece 4.

Claims

A clamping tooling, which includes:

Installation department (1);

The first clamping portion (2) is fixedly installed on the mounting portion (1);

The second clamping portion (6) is installed on the mounting portion (1), and the distance between the second clamping portion (6) and the first clamping portion (2) is adjustable;

The first clamping portion (2) and the second clamping portion (6) are used for clamping the workpiece (4) on the clamping tooling.
The clamping tool according to claim 1, wherein the clamping tool further comprises a floating part (3), the second clamping part (6) is fixedly mounted on the floating part (3), and the floating part (3) The part (3) is mounted on the mounting part (1) and the floating part (3) can float relative to the mounting part (1) to adjust the second clamping part (6) relative to the first The distance of the clamping part (2).
The clamping tool according to claim 2, wherein the clamping tool further comprises a zero return mechanism (5), the zero return mechanism (5) is provided on the mounting part (1), and the zero return mechanism (5) is provided on the mounting part (1). The mechanism (5) can fix the floating part (3) on the mounting part (1).
The clamping tooling according to claim 3, wherein the zero return mechanism (5) comprises a pull rod (51), and the pull rod (51) can selectively pull the floating part (3) to be in contact with the The mounting portion (1) abuts so that the floating portion (3) cannot float, or is separated from the floating portion (3) so that the floating portion (3) can float.
The clamping tooling according to claim 4, wherein the pull rod (51) can be extended or retracted, the end of the pull rod (51) is provided with a first abutment flange (511), and the An abutment flange (511) is configured such that when the pull rod (51) is retracted, the first abutment flange (511) pulls the floating portion (3) to be in contact with the mounting portion ( 1) The abutment makes the floating portion (3) unable to float; when the pull rod (51) extends, the first abutting flange (511) detaches from the floating portion (3) to make the floating portion (3) float Section (3) can float.
The clamping tooling according to claim 5, wherein the floating portion (3) is fixedly provided with a first limiting block (31) that cooperates with the first abutting flange (511), and the An abutment flange (511) can selectively pull the first limiting block (31) so that the floating portion (3) abuts against the mounting portion (1) or separates from the first limiting block (31) to float the floating part (3).
The clamping tooling according to claim 6, wherein the first limiting block (31) comprises a first abutting block (311), and a first avoiding groove is provided on the first abutting block (311) (3111), the pull rod (51) passes through the first avoiding groove (3111), and the first abutting flange (511) can selectively abut against the first abutting block (311) Or detach from the first abutting block (311).
The clamping tooling according to claim 5, wherein a second limiting block (13) is provided on the mounting portion (1), and the pull rod (51) is provided with a first abutting flange (511) Spaced second abutment flanges (512), the pull rod (51) can extend until the second abutment flange (512) abuts against the second limit block (13) , So that the first abutting flange (511) is separated from the floating portion (3).
The clamping tooling according to any one of claims 2-8, wherein the mounting portion (1) is provided with a guide rod (11), and the floating portion (3) penetrates the guide rod (11). ) And can float back and forth along the guide rod (11).
The clamping tooling according to claim 9, wherein the guide rod (11) extends from the end surface of the mounting portion (1), and the end of the guide rod (11) is provided with a limit plate (12) .