WO2021197004A1 - 发送路由、处理路由的方法、装置、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents
发送路由、处理路由的方法、装置、设备及存储介质 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021197004A1 WO2021197004A1 PCT/CN2021/079932 CN2021079932W WO2021197004A1 WO 2021197004 A1 WO2021197004 A1 WO 2021197004A1 CN 2021079932 W CN2021079932 W CN 2021079932W WO 2021197004 A1 WO2021197004 A1 WO 2021197004A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/22—Alternate routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/28—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/38—Flow based routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/56—Routing software
- H04L45/566—Routing instructions carried by the data packet, e.g. active networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
- H04L45/745—Address table lookup; Address filtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
- H04L45/04—Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
Definitions
- the field of communications technology relates to a method, device, device, and storage medium for sending routing and processing routing.
- VPN Virtual Private Network
- PE Provide Edge
- CE Customer Edge
- the CE1 device is dual-homed to the PE1 device and the PE2 device.
- the PE3 device is the neighbor device of the PE1 device and the PE2 device, and the CE2 device is connected to the PE3 device.
- the PE1 device and the PE2 device are used as a pair of dual-homed PE devices, and the same loopback address can be deployed as a shared address in a manner such as anycast.
- the PE1 and PE2 devices can use the shared address as the next hop address and advertise routes.
- the PE3 device generates a forwarding entry after receiving the routes advertised by the PE1 device and the PE2 device, so that when forwarding the traffic sent by the CE2 device to the CE1 device, the PE3 device can use the shared address to find a route or tunnel, so as to realize the traffic on the PE1 device. Sharing with PE2 equipment.
- the traffic should be updated to be borne by the PE2 device.
- the PE2 device uses the same shared address as the PE1 device, this leads to even if the PE1 device cancels the route , But the next hop of the forwarding entry is still the shared address, so the PE3 device will still forward the traffic to the PE1 device.
- the backup next hop of the local forwarding entry should be searched, but the backup next hop is actually the shared address of the PE2 device.
- the PE1 device will find that the next hop is the PE1 device itself
- the deployment of the shared address causes problems in the routing calculation of the PE1 device, which makes it difficult for the traffic to be forwarded normally.
- the embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, device, and storage medium for sending and processing routing. By carrying both the primary next hop and the backup next hop address in the routing, the normal forwarding of packets in the network can be ensured. .
- a method for sending a route is provided.
- a first network device sends first routing information of a destination network device, where the first routing information includes a first destination address, a first primary destination address, and a first primary destination address.
- the hop address and the first backup next hop address the first destination address includes the address of the destination network device, the first primary next hop address includes the common address of the first network device and the second network device, and the first backup next hop
- the address includes the address of the first network device.
- the target network device may be a CE device or a user equipment connected to the CE device, and the first network device and the second network device may be two PE devices dual-homed to the CE device.
- the address type used as the backup next hop may be an Internet Protocol (IP) address, that is, the first backup next hop address may be the IP address of the first network device.
- IP Internet Protocol
- the type of the common address or the type of the alternate next hop address can also be other address types, and the type of the common address and the type of the alternate next hop address may be different, or, in some cases, the common address
- the type and the type of the alternate next hop address are also allowed to be the same, but at least they can be distinguished in some way, such as different specific content or values, such as two loopback addresses with different values, or different distinguishing identifiers.
- the address of the destination network device may be the IP address of the destination network device.
- the destination address in the first routing information of the destination network device is the first destination address (that is, the address of the destination network device), and the next hop address in the first routing information includes the first primary next hop The address (that is, the common address of the first network device and the second network device), and also includes the first standby next hop address (that is, the address of the first network device).
- the first routing information includes the first primary next hop The address (that is, the common address of the first network device and the second network device), and also includes the first standby next hop address (that is, the address of the first network device).
- other network devices that receive the first routing information can not only store the common address of the first network device and the second network device, but also store the address of the first network device, so that there is a connection between the second network device and the destination network device.
- other network devices can directly forward packets to the first network device according to the first standby next hop address, so as to ensure the normal operation of the network.
- the first primary next hop address and the first backup next hop address can be carried in one route.
- the first primary next hop address is carried in the first attribute field of the first Border Gateway Protocol (Border Gateway Protocol, BGP) route
- the first backup next hop address is carried in the first BGP route.
- the second attribute field of the route For example, the first primary next hop address is carried in the next hop field of the first BGP route, and the first backup next hop address is carried in the extended community attribute field of the first BGP route, so that two different fields are used. To distinguish between the primary next hop and the backup next hop.
- the primary next hop and the backup next hop are obtained, and combined with the existing routing learning mechanism, the respective use times of the primary next hop and the backup next hop are determined.
- the first routing information can also be carried in two routes and advertised separately.
- one route carries the address of the destination network device and the first primary next hop address
- the other The route carries the address of the destination network device and the first alternate next hop address.
- the two routes may carry identification bits respectively, so that the network device as the receiver can distinguish between the primary and secondary addresses.
- the identification bit may not be carried, but the distinction is made according to the different characteristics of the main and standby addresses.
- the first network device may send the first routing information of the destination network device to the second network device and the third network device.
- the third network device may be, for example, a remote BGP neighbor device of the first network device.
- the first network device receives the second routing information of the destination network device from the second network device to generate a routing forwarding table entry, the destination address of the routing forwarding table entry is the address of the destination network device, and the routing forwarding table
- the alternate next hop of the item is the second alternate next hop address.
- the second routing information includes a second destination address, a second primary next hop address, and a second backup next hop address, the second destination address contains the address of the destination network device, and the second primary next hop address contains the common Address, the second backup next hop address includes the address of the second network device.
- the first network device after the first network device receives the second routing information issued by the second network device, it can find that both itself and the second network device are connected to the destination network device, and the first network device can therefore know that it is connected to the destination network device.
- the first network device is a dual-homing device of the destination network device.
- the first network device may locally establish a routing and forwarding entry, such as a Fast Reroute (FRR) forwarding entry, and the alternate next hop of the routing and forwarding entry is the second alternate next hop address.
- FRR Fast Reroute
- the first network device can use the second alternate next hop address in the routing forwarding entry, that is, according to the address of the second network device, it will need to send
- the message destined for the destination network device is directly forwarded to the second network device, and then the second network device forwards the message to the destination network device, so that the normal forwarding of the message can be ensured.
- the first network device receives a de-routing message for de-routing the destination network device from the second network device, and then sends the third routing information of the destination network device according to the de-routing message.
- the first network device After the first network device receives the route cancellation message from the second network device, it can determine that the dual-homing relationship between itself and the second network device no longer exists. At this time, the first network device can update the route advertised by itself, that is, it can send to the destination network. The third routing information of the device.
- the third routing information includes the first destination address, and the third routing information is used to instruct the third network device to use the first alternate next hop address as the next hop address to the destination network device.
- the third routing information may only include the first backup next hop address, that is, the address of the first network device, but does not include the first primary next hop address.
- the third routing information includes the first alternate next hop address, and the first alternate next hop address is carried in the next hop field of the third routing information.
- the remote third network device that receives the third routing information can determine that the first backup next hop address should be used as the destination network based on the third routing information including only the first backup next hop address
- the next hop address of the device is no longer used as the first primary next hop address, that is, the common address of the first network device and the second network device is no longer used as the next hop.
- the third routing information may include both the first standby next hop address and the first active next hop address, but the indication bit indicates that the first active next hop address is currently Unavailable, the remote third network device that receives the third routing information can determine that the first standby should be used based on the fact that the first primary next hop address is unavailable and the first backup next hop address is available The next hop address is used as the next hop address to reach the destination network device.
- the first network device after receiving the routing cancellation message sent by the second network device, the first network device knows that the destination network device cannot be reached through the second network device at this time. Therefore, the first network device can also delete the second alternate next hop address in the local routing and forwarding entry (such as the FRR entry) according to the routing cancellation message, so as to avoid forwarding the message sent to the destination network device to the second
- the network equipment is unreachable, thereby ensuring the robustness of the network operation.
- the first network device receives the packet sent by the third network device to the destination network device. That is to say, the first network device can receive a message whose destination address is the address of the destination network device sent by the third network device. After that, the first network device can forward the message according to the local routing and forwarding entry, for example, directly forward the message to the destination network device, or send the message to the destination network device according to the connection failure between the first network device and the destination network device The message is forwarded to the second network device.
- a device for sending a route is provided, and the device for sending a route has the function provided by the method in the foregoing first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect.
- the device for sending routing includes at least one module, and the at least one module is configured to implement the routing method provided in the foregoing first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect.
- the at least one module may be a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of software and hardware.
- a network device in a third aspect, includes a processor.
- the processor is configured to execute a computer program to implement the foregoing first aspect or the routing method provided in any optional manner of the first aspect.
- the network device may further include a memory in which the computer program is stored, and the data involved in the routing method used to implement the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect is stored.
- the network device may further include a transceiver, and the transceiver is configured to receive or transmit the data involved in the routing method provided in the foregoing first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect.
- a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the first aspect or any of the optional methods of the first aspect. The described routing method.
- a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the routing method described in the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect.
- a method for processing routing is provided.
- the third network device receives the first routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, and receives the second routing information of the destination network device from the second network device. After that, according to the first routing information and the second routing information received, the third network device uses the common address as the next hop address to send the first message to the destination network device.
- the target network device may be a CE device or a user equipment connected to the CE device
- the first network device and the second network device may be two PE devices dual-homed to the CE device
- the third network device may It is a remote PE device, and the remote PE device is connected to the first network device and the second network device through the BGP protocol.
- the first routing information includes a first destination address, a first active next hop address, and a first backup next hop address, the first destination address includes the address of the destination network device, and the first active next hop address includes the first network The common address of the device and the second network device, and the first standby next hop address includes the address of the first network device.
- the second routing information includes a second destination address, a second primary next hop address, and a second backup next hop address, the second destination address includes the address of the destination network device, and the second primary next hop address includes a common address, The second alternate next hop address includes the address of the second network device.
- the first primary next hop address, the second primary next hop address, the first backup next hop address, and the second backup next hop address please refer to the aforementioned first aspect. The corresponding description will not be repeated here.
- the third network device determines that it has received the double route of the destination network device. Therefore, for the packet that needs to be sent to the destination network device, the third network device The device can then use the common address as the next hop address to forward to the destination network device, thereby achieving load sharing.
- the third network device may generate a routing and forwarding entry in the third network device according to the received first routing information and the second routing information, and the purpose of the routing and forwarding entry in the third network device is The address is the address of the destination network device, and the next hop is the common address.
- the third network device sends the first packet to the destination network device according to the next hop of the routing and forwarding entry.
- the third network device may use the common address as the next hop query forwarding entry, and send the first message to the destination network device according to the forwarding entry; or the third network device may use the common address
- the next hop iterative tunnel the first packet is sent to the destination network device according to the tunnel information of the tunnel.
- the third network device sends the first packet to the first network device or the second network device according to the load sharing strategy, and the first network device or the second network device forwards the first packet to the destination network device .
- the third network device may receive the first routing information of the destination network device sent by the first network device and receive the second routing information of the destination network device sent by the second network device.
- the destination addresses in the first routing information and the second routing information are both addresses of the destination network device.
- the next hop address in the first routing information may include not only the common address, but also the address of the first network device.
- the next hop address in the second routing information may include not only the common address, but also the address of the second network device.
- the third network device can not only store the common address, but also store the address of the first network device and the address of the second network device, thereby facilitating the third network device in one network of the first network device and the second network device.
- the first routing information and the second routing information can be carried in one route respectively, or the first active next hop and the first backup next hop in the first routing information can be carried in two routes respectively, and the second The second primary next hop and the second backup next hop in the routing information are respectively carried in two routes.
- the first routing information and the second routing information can be carried in one route respectively, or the first active next hop and the first backup next hop in the first routing information can be carried in two routes respectively, and the second The second primary next hop and the second backup next hop in the routing information are respectively carried in two routes.
- the third network device receives from the second network device a de-routing message for de-routing the destination network device.
- the route cancellation message is used to notify the cancellation of the route to the destination network device.
- the third network device knows that the packet cannot be forwarded to the destination network device via the second network device, and therefore uses the first alternate next hop address to send the second packet to the destination network device.
- the third network device when the third network device receives the routing cancellation message from the second network device, it can update the routing forwarding table entry according to the routing cancellation message, the destination address of the routing forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device, and the routing The next hop of the forwarding entry is the address of the first network device, such as the IP address of the first network device. That is, the third network device no longer sends the second packet to the destination network device according to the common address of the first network device and the second network device at this time. In this case, the third network device forwards the second packet to the first network device, and the first network device forwards the second packet to the destination network device, so that the normal forwarding of the packet can be ensured.
- the third network device forwards the second packet to the first network device, and the first network device forwards the second packet to the destination network device, so that the normal forwarding of the packet can be ensured.
- the third network device receives the third routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, and the third routing information is used to instruct the third network device to use the first alternate next hop address as the destination. The next hop address of the network device. After that, the third network device uses the first alternate next hop address to send the second packet to the destination network device according to the third routing information. The third routing information is sent after the first network device receives the route cancellation message sent by the second network device.
- the third network device when the third network device receives the third routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, it may update the routing forwarding table entry according to the third routing information, and the destination address of the routing forwarding table entry is the destination network The address of the device. The next hop of the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the first network device. Similar to the first method, the third network device forwards the second packet to the first network device, and the first network device The second message is forwarded to the destination network device, so that the normal forwarding of the message can be ensured.
- the notification manner of the third routing information refer to the corresponding description of the first aspect, which is not repeated here.
- the third network device After the third network device receives the routing cancellation message sent by the second network device or the third routing information sent by the first network device, it can determine that the message can only be sent to the destination network device through the first network device. Therefore, The address of the first network device is used directly, for example, the IP address forwards the message that needs to be sent to the destination network device, instead of using the common address, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the service. Understandably, in a situation, the third network device supports both route learning and route cancellation, and the third network device can use the first network device according to any one of the received route cancellation message and the third routing information. The address is used as the next hop to forward the message.
- the third network device may not support route cancellation, and the third network device can at least learn the route according to the received third routing information, so as to ensure that the third network device can communicate with the destination of the second network device.
- the address of the first network device is used as the next jump to send the message. That is, the network provides two ways of sending the revocation routing message and the third routing information at the same time, so that even if the third network device does not support route revocation, it can at least determine to use the address of the first device to forward the message by learning the route. The opportunity to improve the versatility and robustness of the network operating mechanism.
- a device for processing routing is provided, and the device for processing routing has the function provided by the method in the foregoing sixth aspect or any optional manner of the sixth aspect.
- the apparatus for processing routing includes at least one module, and the at least one module is configured to implement the routing routing method provided in the sixth aspect or any optional manner of the sixth aspect described above.
- the at least one module may be a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of software and hardware.
- a network device in an eighth aspect, includes a processor.
- the processor is configured to execute a computer program to implement the above-mentioned sixth aspect or the method for processing routing provided in any optional manner of the sixth aspect.
- the network device may further include a memory in which the computer program is stored, and data involved in the method for processing routing described in any optional manner of the sixth aspect or the sixth aspect is stored.
- the network device may further include a transceiver, and the transceiver is configured to receive or transmit data involved in the routing processing method provided in the sixth aspect or any optional manner of the sixth aspect.
- a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the sixth aspect or any optional manner of the sixth aspect The described method of processing routing.
- a computer program product containing instructions which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the routing processing method described in the sixth aspect or any optional manner of the sixth aspect.
- a method for processing routing is provided.
- the second network device receives the first routing information of the destination network device sent by the first network device, and generates a routing forwarding table entry.
- the destination address of the routing forwarding table entry is the address of the destination network device.
- the alternate next hop is the first alternate next hop address.
- the first routing information includes a first destination address, a first active next hop address, and a first backup next hop address, the first destination address includes the address of the destination network device, and the first active next hop address includes the first network The common address of the device and the second network device, and the first standby next hop address includes the address of the first network device.
- the second network device can use the alternate next hop address in the routing forwarding entry (such as the FRR forwarding entry), that is, based on The address of the first network device directly forwards the message that needs to be sent to the destination network device to the first network device, and then the first network device forwards the message to the destination network device, thereby ensuring the normal forwarding of the message.
- the routing forwarding entry such as the FRR forwarding entry
- the second network device may send the second routing information of the target network device.
- the second network device may send the second routing information of the target network device to the first network device and the third network device.
- the third network device may be, for example, a BGP neighbor device of the second network device, such as a remote PE device.
- the second routing information includes a second destination address, a second primary next hop address, and a second backup next hop address, the second destination address includes the address of the destination network device, and the second primary next hop address includes a common address, The second alternate next hop address includes the address of the second network device.
- the second primary next hop address, and the second backup next hop address refer to the corresponding description in the foregoing first aspect, which is not repeated here.
- the second network device sends to the first network device and the third network device a de-routing message for de-routing the destination network device.
- the withdraw route message is used to indicate that the previously advertised route is no longer reachable.
- the withdraw routing message sent by the second network device is used to withdraw the previously sent second routing information of the destination network device, for example, indicating that the second routing information needs to be deleted.
- the connection failure that occurs between the second network device and the destination network device may include an interface failure of the second network device, a link failure between the second network device and the destination network device, and the like.
- a connection failure occurs between the second network device and the destination network device, the packet transmission path between the second network device and the destination network device is blocked. Therefore, the second network device can send a cancel routing message to cancel the previously sent second network device. Routing information.
- the first network device that has a dual-homing relationship with the second network device can delete or temporarily shield the backup next hop in the local forwarding entry according to the routing cancellation message after receiving the routing cancellation message.
- Information, the information of the backup next hop is the address of the second network device, such as an IP address.
- the remote third network device can determine based on the routing cancellation message that the message cannot be forwarded to the destination network device via the second network device, so it switches to using the address of the first network device. Such as the IP address, forward the message that should be sent to the destination network device, so as to ensure the normal operation of the business.
- the third network device determines that a connection failure between the second network device and the destination network device has occurred through route withdrawal or route learning, and there may still be a period of time before the address of the first network device is used to forward the message.
- the common address of the first network device and the second network device is used to forward the message. Therefore, when the connection between the second network device and the destination network device fails, it is still possible to receive the third network device and send it to the destination network device.
- the second network device can forward the message to the first network device according to the alternate next hop of the local routing forwarding entry, and then the first network device forwards the message to the destination network device, thereby ensuring Normal forwarding of packets.
- a device for sending a route is provided, and the device for processing a route has the function provided by the method in any optional manner of the eleventh aspect or the eleventh aspect.
- the device for processing routing includes at least one module, and the at least one module is configured to implement the routing routing method provided in any optional manner of the eleventh aspect or the eleventh aspect.
- the at least one module may be a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of software and hardware.
- a network device in a thirteenth aspect, includes a processor.
- the processor is configured to execute a computer program to implement the routing method provided in any optional manner of the eleventh aspect or the eleventh aspect.
- the network device may further include a memory in which the computer program is stored, and the storage is used to implement the method for sending routing according to any optional manner of the eleventh aspect or the eleventh aspect.
- the data may further include a transceiver, and the transceiver is configured to receive or transmit the data involved in the routing method provided in any optional manner of the eleventh aspect or the eleventh aspect.
- a computer-readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method for processing routing described in the eleventh aspect. .
- a computer program product containing instructions which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method for processing routing described in the eleventh aspect.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a route publishing process provided by an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a route cancellation process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another network system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another network system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of another network system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another network system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another network system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a method for sending a route according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for processing routing according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart of another method for processing routing according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for sending routes according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for processing routing according to an embodiment of the present application.
- 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another device for processing routing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the network system involved in the embodiment of the present application includes a first network device and a second network device respectively connected to the target network device.
- the destination network device is a network device that receives service traffic through the first network device and the second network device.
- the destination network device may be directly connected to the first network device and the second network device, for example, it may be a CE device, and the CE device is dual-homed connected to the first network device and the second network device that are PE devices.
- the destination network device may also be indirectly connected to the first network device and the second network device.
- the destination network device is a user equipment connected to the CE device, and the traffic sent to the user equipment can pass The first network device or the second network device is sent to the CE device, and is forwarded by the CE device to the user equipment.
- the network system may also include a third network device, which is connected to the first network device and the second network device.
- the third network device may also be a PE device and act as a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) neighboring devices of the first network device and the second network device.
- BGP Border Gateway Protocol
- the first network device, the second network device, and the third network device may all be devices with a data forwarding function, such as switches, routers, and so on.
- the destination network device can be a device with a data forwarding function, or a user terminal device.
- the types of the destination network device, the first network device, the second network device, and the third network device may be the same or different.
- the next step is to take the target network device as the CE1 device, the first network device as the PE1 device, the second network device as the PE2 device, and the third network device as the PE3 device as an example. illustrate.
- the network system shown in FIG. 1 can be used as an application scenario of the embodiment of the present application.
- the network system includes PE1 equipment and PE2 equipment respectively connected to CE1 equipment. That is, the CE1 device is dual-homed to the PE1 device and the PE2 device.
- PE1 and PE2 are BGP neighboring devices.
- the network system also includes PE3 equipment, which is the BGP neighbor equipment of PE1 equipment and PE2 equipment.
- Other CE devices CE2 devices as shown in Figure 1 can be connected to PE3 devices.
- the PE1 device can send the first routing information of the CE1 device to its neighbor devices, including the PE2 device and the PE3 device.
- the PE2 device may also send the second routing information of the CE1 device to its neighbor devices, including the PE1 device and the PE3 device.
- the routing information of the CE1 device can be used to indicate the packet transmission path to the CE1 device, that is, receiving the routing information of the CE1 device can determine the packet transmission path to the CE1 device.
- the routing information of the CE1 device can include the destination address and the next hop address.
- the destination address in the first routing information is the address of the CE1 device, and the next hop address is the address of the PE1 device.
- the destination address in the second routing information is also the address of the CE1 device, and the next hop address is the address of the PE2 device.
- the destination network device takes the destination network device as the CE1 device as an example, so the destination address carried in the routing information is the address of the CE device, which may specifically be an Internet Protocol (IP) address.
- the destination network device may also be other devices connected to the CE1 device, such as a user-side network device, a user host, and so on.
- the destination network device is a user-side network device
- the destination address may be the IP address of the user-side network device.
- the destination network device is a user host
- the destination address can be the IP address of a certain user host or a routing prefix.
- the routing prefix is a network segment address covering part or all of multiple user hosts.
- a user host is connected to the CE1 device.
- the PE3 device When the PE3 device receives a packet sent by the CE2 device to the CE1 device, it can forward the packet to the PE1 device and PE2 along the corresponding packet transmission path according to the received first routing information and the second routing information. equipment. After the PE1 device receives the packet sent by the PE3 device to the CE1 device, it can forward the packet to the CE1 device according to the packet transmission path. Similarly, after the PE2 device receives the packet sent by the PE3 device to the CE1 device, it can forward the packet to the CE1 device according to the packet transmission path.
- the PE1 device and the PE2 device are dual-homed PEs, and they can use a shared common address when advertising routing information, such as the same loopback address, as the next hop in the routing information, so that it can receive the The PE3 device of the routing information realizes the load sharing of the traffic according to the same address.
- adopting this method will cause the PE3 device to still forward traffic packets to the PE1 device, causing problems in the routing calculation of the PE1 device. As a result, the message is difficult to forward normally.
- the embodiments of the present application provide a method for sending routing and a method for processing routing.
- the corresponding method can be applied to the network system shown in FIG. The problem of forwarding.
- Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a route publishing process provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 2, the process includes:
- the PE1 device sends the first routing information of the CE1 device.
- the first routing information includes a first destination address, a first active next hop address, and a first backup next hop address.
- the first destination address includes the address of the CE1 device
- the first active next hop address includes the PE1 device and PE2.
- the common address of the device, the first alternate next hop address includes the address of the PE1 device.
- the PE1 device and the PE2 device as a pair of dual-homing network devices can be deployed with a common address, which can be a loopback address.
- the address type used as the backup next hop may be an IP address, that is, the first backup next hop address may be the IP address of the PE1 device.
- the type of the common address or the type of the alternate next hop address can also be other address types, and the type of the common address and the type of the alternate next hop address may be different, or, in some cases, the common address
- the type of and the type of the alternate next hop address are also allowed to be the same, but at least they can be distinguished in some way, such as different specific content or values, or different distinguishing identifiers.
- the address of the CE1 device can be the IP address of the CE1 device.
- the destination address in the first routing information of the CE1 device is the first destination address (that is, the address of the CE1 device), and the next hop address in the first routing information includes the first primary next hop address (That is, the common address of the PE1 device and the PE2 device), and also includes the first standby next hop address (that is, the address of the PE1 device).
- the first primary next hop address That is, the common address of the PE1 device and the PE2 device
- the first standby next hop address that is, the address of the PE1 device.
- other network devices that receive the first routing information can not only store the common address of the PE1 device and the PE2 device, but also store the address of the PE1 device, so that other network devices can be easily connected when the PE2 device and the CE1 device fail to connect.
- the message is normally forwarded directly according to the first alternate next hop address.
- the first routing information may be carried in one route or sent in two routes.
- the route type as BGP route as an example for description.
- the first destination address may be carried in the destination address field of the first BGP route.
- the first primary next hop address and the first backup next hop address can be carried in different attribute fields, that is, the first primary next hop address is carried in the first attribute field of the first BGP route ,
- the first alternate next hop address is carried in the second attribute field of the first BGP route.
- the first primary next hop address is carried in the next hop field of the first BGP route
- the first backup next hop address is carried in the extended communities attribute field of the first BGP route. In this way, two Different fields are used to distinguish between the primary next hop and the backup next hop.
- both the first primary next hop address and the first backup next hop address can be carried in the same field, and the primary next hop and the backup next hop are distinguished by the indicator bit, and the indicator bit can be used to indicate whether the receiver needs to use the primary next hop or the backup next hop to send the message.
- the first destination address may be carried in the destination address field of the two BGP routes, respectively.
- the first primary next hop address can be carried in the next hop field of a BGP route
- the first backup next hop address can be carried in the next hop field of another BGP route.
- the two BGP routes can be added
- the indicator bits indicate the primary next hop and the backup next hop.
- the indicator bit can include one bit or multiple bits. When the indicator bit is one bit, the primary next hop and the backup next hop can be distinguished by setting 0 and 1; when the indicator bit is multiple bits, the primary next hop and the backup next hop can be distinguished by different priority values Standby next hop.
- the PE1 device When the PE1 device sends the first routing information of the CE1 device, it can send the first routing information of the CE1 device to its neighboring devices. For example, it can send the first routing information of the CE1 device to the PE2 device and the PE3 device.
- the PE2 device receives the first routing information of the CE1 device from the PE1 device, and generates a routing forwarding entry.
- the destination address of the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the CE1 device, and the alternate next hop of the routing and forwarding entry is the first alternate next hop address.
- the PE2 device After the PE2 device receives the first routing information of the CE1 device from the PE1 device, it can determine that it has a dual-homing relationship with the PE1 device, and then it can be determined that the CE1 device is dual-homing to itself and the PE1 device.
- the PE2 device In the Layer 2 forwarding scenario, when the PE2 device has the same Ethernet Segment Identifier (ESI) as the PE1 device, it can determine that it has a dual-homing relationship with the PE1 device.
- ESI Ethernet Segment Identifier
- the PE2 device When the PE2 device determines that there is a dual-homing relationship between itself and the PE1 device, it can directly generate a routing forwarding entry based on the first alternate next hop address in the first routing information of the CE1 device sent by the PE1 device, that is, directly based on the address of the PE1 device Generate routing and forwarding entries.
- the destination address in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the CE1 device
- the primary next hop in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the CE1 device
- the alternate next hop in the routing and forwarding entry is PE1 The address of the device.
- the routing and forwarding entry can be used to guide packet forwarding when a link failure occurs between the CE1 device and the PE2 device.
- the route forwarding table item may be a fast reroute (Fast Reroute, FRR) table item, etc.
- the PE2 device can use the alternate next hop address in the routing forwarding entry, that is, according to the address of the PE1 device, it will need to send to the CE1 device.
- the message is directly forwarded to the PE1 device, and then the PE1 device forwards the message to the CE1 device, thereby ensuring the normal forwarding of the message.
- the PE2 device can not only receive the first routing information of the CE1 device sent by the PE1 device, it can also send the second routing information of the CE1 device, as described in operation 203 below.
- the PE2 device sends the second routing information of the CE1 device.
- the second routing information includes a second destination address, a second primary next hop address, and a second backup next hop address.
- the second destination address includes the address of the CE1 device
- the second primary next hop address includes the PE1 device and PE2.
- the common address of the device, and the second alternate next hop address includes the address of the PE2 device.
- the destination address in the second routing information of the CE1 device is the second destination address (that is, the address of the CE1 device), and the next hop address in the second routing information includes the second primary next hop address (That is, the common address of the PE1 device and the PE2 device), and also includes the second standby next hop address (that is, the address of the PE2 device).
- the second routing information includes the second primary next hop address (That is, the common address of the PE1 device and the PE2 device), and also includes the second standby next hop address (that is, the address of the PE2 device).
- other network devices that receive the second routing information can not only store the common address of the PE1 device and the PE2 device, but also store the address of the PE2 device, so that other network devices can be easily connected when the PE1 device and the CE1 device have a connection failure.
- the message is normally forwarded directly according to the second alternate next hop address.
- Both the address of the CE1 device and the alternate next hop address of the PE2 device may be IP addresses, or may also be other
- the second routing information may be carried in one route or sent in two routes.
- the route type as BGP route as an example for description.
- the second destination address may be carried in the destination address field of the second BGP route.
- the second primary next hop address and the second backup next hop address can be carried in different attribute fields, that is, the second primary next hop address is carried in the third attribute field of the second BGP route ,
- the second alternate next hop address is carried in the fourth attribute field of the first BGP route.
- the second primary next hop address is carried in the next hop field of the second BGP route
- the second backup next hop address is carried in the extended community attribute field of the second BGP route. In this way, two different fields are used. Distinguish between the primary next hop and the backup next hop.
- both the first primary next hop address and the first backup next hop address can be carried in the same field, and an indicator bit is added to distinguish the primary Next hop and backup next hop, and in some cases, the indication bit can be used to indicate whether the receiver needs to use the primary next hop or the backup next hop to send the message.
- the second destination addresses can be carried in the destination address fields of the two BGP routes, respectively.
- the second primary next hop address can be carried in the next hop field of one BGP route
- the second backup next hop address can be carried in the next hop field of another BGP route.
- the two BGP routes can be added
- the indicator bits indicate the primary next hop and the backup next hop.
- the indicator bit can include one bit or multiple bits. When the indicator bit is one bit, the primary next hop and the backup next hop can be distinguished by setting 0 and 1; when the indicator bit is multiple bits, the primary next hop and the backup next hop can be distinguished by different priority values Standby next hop.
- the PE2 device When the PE2 device sends the second routing information of the CE1 device, it can send the second routing information of the CE1 device to its neighboring devices. For example, it can send the second routing information of the CE1 device to the PE1 device and the PE3 device.
- the PE1 device receives the second routing information of the CE1 device from the PE2 device, and generates a routing forwarding entry.
- PE1 device generating routing and forwarding entries in PE1 device according to the second routing information refer to the description of PE2 device generating routing and forwarding entries in PE2 device according to the first routing information in 202, which will not be repeated here. .
- the PE3 device receives the first routing information of the CE1 device from the PE1 device and the second routing information of the CE1 device from the PE2 device, and according to the received first routing information and the second routing information, Use the common address as the next hop address to send the first message to the CE1 device.
- the PE3 device determines that it has received the double route of the CE1 device. At this time, the PE3 device can use the first packet that needs to be sent to the CE1 device. The common address is used as the next hop address to send the first message to the CE1 device.
- the PE3 device may generate a routing and forwarding entry in the PE3 device according to the received first routing information and the second routing information, and the destination address of the routing and forwarding entry in the PE3 device is the address of the CE1 device , And the next hop is the common address.
- the PE3 device sends the first packet to the CE1 device according to the next hop of the routing and forwarding entry.
- the PE3 device may find out the interface according to the common address and perform packet forwarding, or the PE3 device may perform tunnel iteration based on the common address to determine corresponding tunnel information to forward the packet.
- the PE3 device sends the first packet to the PE1 device or the PE2 device according to the load sharing strategy, and the PE1 device or the PE2 device forwards the first packet to the CE1 device.
- the PE3 device may receive the first routing information of the CE1 device sent by the PE1 device and receive the second routing information of the CE1 device sent by the PE2 device.
- the destination addresses in the first routing information and the second routing information are both addresses of the CE1 device.
- the next hop address in the first routing information may include not only the common address, but also the address of the PE1 device.
- the next hop address in the second routing information may include not only the common address, but also the address of the PE2 device.
- the PE3 device can not only store the common address, but also the address of the PE1 device and the address of the PE2 device, so that the PE3 device can directly connect to the CE1 device when a connection failure occurs between the PE1 device and the PE2 device.
- the packet is forwarded normally according to the address of another PE device.
- Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a route cancellation process provided by an embodiment of the present application. See Figure 3, the process includes:
- the PE2 device According to a connection failure between the PE2 device and the CE1 device, the PE2 device sends to the PE1 device and the PE3 device a de-routing message for de-routing the CE1 device.
- the withdraw route message is used to indicate that the previously advertised route is unreachable.
- the withdraw routing message sent by it is used to withdraw the previously sent second routing information of the CE1 device, that is, to indicate that the second routing information needs to be deleted.
- the connection failure between the PE2 device and the CE1 device may include the interface failure of the PE2 device, the link failure between the PE2 device and the CE1 device, and so on.
- a connection failure occurs between the PE2 device and the CE1 device, the packet transmission path between the PE2 device and the CE1 device is blocked, so the PE2 device can send a routing cancellation message to withdraw the previously sent second routing information.
- the PE1 device receives the rerouting message for revocation of the route of the CE1 device from the PE2 device, and sends the third routing information of the CE1 device according to the rerouting message.
- the third routing information carries the first alternate next hop address, that is, the address of the PE1 device, and is used to instruct the PE3 device to use the first alternate next hop address as the next hop address to the CE1 device.
- the PE1 device After the PE1 device receives the routing cancellation message from the PE2 device, it can determine that the dual-homing relationship between itself and the PE2 device no longer exists. At this time, the PE1 device can update the route advertised by itself, that is, it can send the third routing information of the CE1 device.
- the third routing information may include the first destination address and the first backup next hop address, instead of carrying the first primary next hop address, that is, the information of the PE1 device and the PE2 device.
- the first alternate next hop address may be carried in the next hop field of the third routing information.
- the third routing information is carried in a BGP route
- the first destination address may be carried in the destination address field of the BGP route.
- the first alternate next hop address may be carried in the next hop field of the BGP route.
- the third routing information may still include the first destination address, the first backup next hop address, and the first primary next hop address, but the first primary next hop address is indicated by an indicator bit.
- the one-hop address is no longer available.
- the third routing information is carried in a BGP route
- the first destination address may be carried in the destination address field of the BGP route.
- the first backup next hop address may be carried in the next hop field of the BGP route
- the first primary next hop address may be carried in the extended community attribute field of the BGP route
- the community attribute is extended here
- An indicator bit is added to the field to indicate that the first primary next hop address is no longer available.
- the first alternate next hop address and the first primary next hop address can both be carried in the same attribute field of the BGP route, such as the next hop field, and used with an indicator bit to indicate the first primary next hop address.
- the hop address is no longer available, or the first standby next hop address is preferentially used.
- the routing and forwarding entry in operation 204 can also be updated according to the routing cancellation message, such as deleting the second alternate next hop address in the FRR routing and forwarding entry for updating.
- the PE1 device can receive the packet sent by the PE3 device to the CE1 device.
- the PE1 device can receive the packet sent by the PE3 device whose destination address is the address of the CE1 device. After that, the PE1 device can forward the packet according to the local routing and forwarding entry.
- the destination address in the local routing and forwarding entry is the address of the CE1 device
- the primary next hop in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the CE1 device
- the backup next hop in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the CE1 device. Is the address of the PE2 device.
- the PE1 device can directly forward the packet to the CE1 device according to the primary next hop of the routing forwarding entry when there is no connection failure between itself and the CE1 device.
- Figure 3 takes the connection failure between PE2 and CE1 as an example, it is understandable that a connection failure may also occur between PE1 and CE1.
- PE1 can use the backup next hop of the local routing forwarding table entry.
- the packet is forwarded to the PE2 device, and the PE2 device forwards the packet to the CE1 device.
- PE3 can perform the following operations 303 or 304.
- the PE3 device receives the de-routing message for de-routing the CE1 device from the PE2 device, and according to the de-routing message, uses the first alternate next hop address to send a second message to the CE1 device.
- the PE3 device when the PE3 device receives the routing revocation message from the PE2 device, it can update the routing forwarding table entry according to the routing revocation message.
- the destination address of the routing forwarding table entry is the address of the CE1 device, and the routing forwarding table entry is One hop is the address of the PE1 device, such as the IP address of the PE1 device. That is, the PE3 device no longer sends the second packet to the CE1 device according to the common address of the PE1 device and the PE2 device at this time. In this case, the PE3 device forwards the second packet to the PE1 device, and the PE1 device forwards the second packet to the CE1 device.
- the PE3 device receives the third routing information of the CE1 device from the PE1 device, and uses the first alternate next hop address to send the second packet to the CE1 device according to the third routing information.
- the PE3 device when the PE3 device receives the third routing information of the CE1 device from the PE1 device, it can update the routing and forwarding table entry according to the third routing information.
- the destination address of the routing and forwarding table entry is the address of the CE1 device.
- the next hop of the forwarding entry is the address of the PE1 device. Similar to 303, the PE3 device forwards the second packet to the PE1 device, and the PE1 device forwards the second packet to the CE1 device.
- PE3 equipment has the ability to learn routes, but not the ability to withdraw routes.
- the PE3 device can implement packet forwarding according to the above operation 304, that is, only by learning the route, it can determine the time to use the alternate next hop to send the packet.
- the PE3 device can implement packet forwarding according to any one of the foregoing operations 303 and 304.
- the PE3 device updates the routing and forwarding entry according to the received routing message or the third routing information
- one possible way is to replace the next hop information from the common address with the first
- Another possible way for the alternate next hop address is to update the identification bit to indicate that the common address in the next hop information is currently unavailable, and the first alternate next hop address needs to be used to forward the message.
- the CE1 device is dual-homed to the PE1 device and the PE2 device.
- the three-homed CE1 device is connected to the PE1 device, the PE2 device, and the PE4 device.
- the PE3 device is the neighbor device of the PE1 device, the PE2 device, and the PE4 device.
- any one of the at least three PE devices is similar to the operation performed by the PE1 device or the PE2 device described above, which is not repeated in the embodiment of the present application.
- the PE3 device receives a routing cancellation message sent by any one of the at least three PE devices, it may not use the at least three PE devices.
- the common address of two PE devices is used for packet forwarding, and the address of one or more PE devices other than this one among the at least three PE devices is used, for example, according to the IP of the other one or more PE devices.
- the address is used as the next hop address to send a message to the CE1 device; or, if the PE3 device receives updated routing information sent by any one of the at least three PE devices, the updated routing information is any one of the PE devices.
- the device generates according to the route revocation message sent by other multi-homing PE devices, then the PE3 device does not use the common address of the at least three PE devices for packet forwarding, but uses one or more other than the above-mentioned connection failure.
- the address of the PE device is used as the next hop address to send packets to the CE1 device.
- Any one of the at least three PE devices may establish a local routing and forwarding table entry based on the received routing information sent by other multi-homing PE devices, and the local routing and forwarding table entry may include one or more alternate next Jump address.
- other PE devices may update the local routing and forwarding table entries according to receiving the routing cancellation message sent by any one PE device.
- the above method will be described with examples in conjunction with the network system shown in FIGS. 5 to 8.
- the address of the CE1 device is 1.1.1.1
- the address of the PE1 device is 10.1.1.1
- the address of the PE2 device is 10.1.1.2
- the common address of the PE1 device and the PE2 device is 9.9.9.9.
- the port address between CE1 and PE1 is 192.168.1.1
- the port address between CE1 and PE2 is 192.168.1.2.
- the PE1 device sends the first routing information of the CE1 device, and the PE2 device sends the second routing information of the CE1 device.
- the PE1 device can perform route learning after receiving the second routing information
- the PE2 device can perform route learning after receiving the first routing information
- the PE3 device can perform route learning after receiving the first routing information and the second routing information.
- the routes learned by the PE1, PE2, and PE3 devices are shown in Figure 5, and the routing forwarding entries generated by the PE1, PE2, and PE3 devices based on the learned routes are shown in Figure 6.
- the PE1 device mainly forwards packets to the CE1 device according to the port address 192.168.1.1, and the address 10.1.1.2 of the PE2 device can be used as an alternative in the event of a failure.
- the PE2 device mainly forwards packets directly to the CE1 device according to the port address 192.168.1.2, and the address 10.1.1.1 of the PE1 device can be used as an alternative in the event of a failure.
- the PE3 device forwards packets according to the common address 9.9.9.9 of the PE1 device and the PE2 device.
- the PE2 device when a connection failure occurs between the PE2 device and the CE1 device, the PE2 device can perceive the connection failure. In this case, if the PE2 device receives the packet sent by the PE3 device to the CE1 device, it will forward the packet to the PE1 device according to the alternate next hop 10.1.1.1 in its routing and forwarding entry, and the PE1 device will forward the packet Forward to the CE1 device.
- the PE2 device After the PE2 device senses the connection failure, it can update the routing and forwarding entry of PE2, and can send a routing cancellation message. After receiving the routing cancellation message, the PE1 device updates the routing and forwarding entry of PE1 and sends the third routing message at the same time. The third routing message is used to indicate that the common address 9.9.9.9 as the primary next hop is no longer available. After the PE3 device receives the routing cancellation message or the third routing information, it can update its own routing and forwarding table entries. The updated routing and forwarding entries of the PE1, PE2, and PE3 devices are shown in Figure 8. Referring to Figure 8, the PE2 device forwards packets according to the address 10.1.1.1 of the PE1 device. The PE1 device forwards packets according to the port address 1.1.1.1. The PE3 device forwards the packet according to the address 10.1.1.1 of the PE1 device.
- Figs. 5-8 are used as a schematic diagram and are mainly used to present key information that can implement the method described in the embodiment of the present application.
- the specific manner in which each PE device generates the routing table and forwarding table for message forwarding, as well as the specific content and composition style included in the routing table and forwarding table, can be designed in combination with specific application scenarios.
- the method for sending routing and the method for processing routing provided by the embodiments of the present application are applied to a network system that includes a first network device and a second network device respectively connected to a destination network device, and may include a third network device.
- Fig. 9 is a flowchart of a method for sending a route according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the method may be executed by a first network device, and the first network device may be, for example, the PE1 device in FIGS. 1-3.
- the method includes:
- the first network device sends first routing information of the destination network device, where the first routing information includes a first destination address, a first primary next hop address, and a first backup next hop address, and the first destination address includes The address of the destination network device, the first primary next hop address includes the common address of the first network device and the second network device, and the first backup next hop address includes the address of the first network device.
- the first network device and the second network device are used as a pair of dual-homing network devices and may be deployed with a common address, and the common address may be a loopback address.
- the address type used as the backup next hop may be an IP address, that is, the first backup next hop address may be the IP address of the first network device.
- the type of the common address or the type of the alternate next hop address can also be other address types, and the type of the common address and the type of the alternate next hop address may be different, or, in some cases, the common address
- the type of and the type of the alternate next hop address are also allowed to be the same, but at least they can be distinguished in some way, such as different specific content or values, or different distinguishing identifiers.
- the address of the destination network device may be the IP address of the destination network device.
- the destination address in the first routing information of the destination network device is the first destination address (that is, the address of the destination network device), and the next hop address in the first routing information includes the first primary next hop The address (that is, the common address of the first network device and the second network device), and also includes the first standby next hop address (that is, the address of the first network device).
- the first routing information can not only store the common address of the first network device and the second network device, but also store the address of the first network device, so that it is convenient for other network devices to communicate with the destination of the second network device.
- the message is forwarded normally according to the first standby next hop address.
- the first routing information may be carried in one route or sent in two routes.
- the carrying manner of the first routing information in 201 please refer to the relevant description of the carrying manner of the first routing information in 201, which will not be repeated here.
- the first network device When the first network device sends the first routing information of the destination network device, it can send the first routing information of the destination network device to its neighbor devices, for example, it can send the destination network device to the second network device and the third network device that are its neighbors.
- the first routing information For example, it can send the destination network device to the second network device and the third network device that are its neighbors.
- the first network device may also receive the second routing information of the destination network device from the second network device, and then generate a routing forwarding entry.
- the second routing information includes a second destination address, a second primary next hop address, and a second backup next hop address, the second destination address contains the address of the destination network device, and the second primary next hop address contains the common Address, the second backup next hop address includes the address of the second network device.
- the second routing information can be carried in one route or sent in two routes.
- the second routing information carrying manner in 203 refer to the related description of the second routing information carrying manner in 203, which will not be repeated here.
- the destination address of the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device, and the alternate next hop of the routing and forwarding entry is the second alternate next hop address.
- the first network device After the first network device receives the second routing information of the destination network device from the second network device, it can determine that there is a dual-homing relationship between itself and the second network device, so as to determine that the destination network device is dual-homing Connect to itself and the second network device.
- the first network device when the first network device has the same ESI as the second network device, it can be determined that there is a dual-homing relationship between itself and the second network device.
- the first network device When the first network device determines that it has a dual-homing relationship with the second network device, it can directly generate a routing forwarding table entry based on the second alternate next hop address in the second routing information of the destination network device sent by the second network device, that is, The routing and forwarding entry can be directly generated according to the address of the second network device.
- the destination address in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device
- the primary next hop in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device
- the alternate next hop in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device. Is the address of the second network device.
- the routing and forwarding entry can be used to guide the message forwarding when a link failure occurs between the destination network device and the first network device, and the routing and forwarding entry can be an FRR entry or the like.
- the first network device can use the alternate next hop address in the routing forwarding entry, that is, according to the address of the second network device,
- the message that needs to be sent to the destination network device is directly forwarded to the second network device, and then the second network device forwards the message to the destination network device, thereby ensuring the normal forwarding of the message.
- the first network device may also receive a de-routing message for de-routing the destination network device from the second network device, and then send the third routing information of the destination network device according to the de-routing message.
- the withdraw route message is used to indicate that the previously advertised route is unreachable.
- the withdraw routing message sent by it is used to withdraw the previously sent second routing information of the destination network device, that is, to indicate that the second routing information needs to be deleted.
- the third routing information includes the first destination address, and the third routing information is used to instruct the third network device to use the first alternate next hop address as the next hop address to the destination network device. That is, the third routing information may carry the first backup next hop address, that is, the address of the first network device.
- the third routing information may carry the first backup next hop address, that is, the address of the first network device.
- the first network device After the first network device receives the route cancellation message from the second network device, it can determine that the dual-homing relationship between itself and the second network device no longer exists. At this time, the first network device can update the route advertised by itself, that is, it can send to the destination network. The third routing information of the device.
- the first network device receives the second network device After the route cancellation message is sent, the routing forwarding table entry, such as the second alternate next hop address in the FRR routing forwarding entry, can also be deleted according to the route cancellation message.
- the first network device may receive the packet sent by the third network device to the destination network device. That is to say, the first network device can receive a message whose destination address is the address of the destination network device sent by the third network device. After that, the first network device may forward the message according to the local routing and forwarding entry.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a method for processing routing provided by an embodiment of the present application. This method may be executed by a second network device, and the second network device may be, for example, the PE2 device in FIGS. 1-3. Referring to Figure 10, the method includes:
- the second network device receives the first routing information of the destination network device sent by the first network device, and then generates a routing forwarding table entry.
- the destination address of the routing and forwarding table entry generated by the second network device is the address of the destination network device, and the backup next hop of the routing and forwarding table entry is the first backup next hop address.
- the second network device After the second network device receives the first routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, it can determine that there is a dual-homing relationship between itself and the first network device, so as to determine that the destination network device is dual-homing Connect to itself and the first network device.
- the second network device when the second network device has the same ESI as the first network device, it can determine that it has a dual-homing relationship with the first network device.
- the second network device When the second network device determines that it has a dual-homing relationship with the first network device, it can directly generate a routing forwarding table entry according to the first alternate next hop address in the first routing information of the destination network device sent by the first network device, that is, The routing and forwarding entry can be directly generated according to the address of the first network device.
- the destination address in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device
- the primary next hop in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device
- the alternate next hop in the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device. Is the address of the first network device.
- the routing and forwarding entry can be used to guide the message forwarding when a link failure occurs between the destination network device and the second network device, and the routing and forwarding entry can be an FRR entry or the like.
- the second network device can use the alternate next hop address in the routing forwarding entry, that is, according to the address of the first network device,
- the message that needs to be sent to the destination network device is directly forwarded to the first network device, and then the first network device forwards the message to the destination network device, thereby ensuring the normal forwarding of the message.
- the second network device may send the second routing information of the target network device, and specifically may send the second routing information of the target network device to its neighbor devices.
- the second network device may send the second routing information of the destination network device to the first network device and the third network device.
- the second routing information can be carried in one route or sent in two routes.
- the second routing information carrying manner in 203 refer to the related description of the second routing information carrying manner in 203, which will not be repeated here.
- the second network device may also send to the first network device and the third network device a de-routing message for de-routing the destination network device.
- the withdraw route message is used to indicate that the previously advertised route is unreachable.
- the withdraw routing message sent by it is used to withdraw the previously sent second routing information of the destination network device, that is, to indicate that the second routing information needs to be deleted.
- the connection failure that occurs between the second network device and the destination network device may include an interface failure of the second network device, a link failure between the second network device and the destination network device, and the like.
- a connection failure occurs between the second network device and the destination network device, the packet transmission path between the second network device and the destination network device is blocked. Therefore, the second network device can send a cancel routing message to cancel the previously sent second network device. Routing information.
- the second network device when a connection failure occurs between the second network device and the destination network device, if the second network device receives a message sent by the third network device to the destination network device, it can forward the entry according to the local routing table. The hop forwards the message to the first network device. Then the first network device forwards the message to the destination network device, so that the normal forwarding of the message can be ensured.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a method for processing routing according to an embodiment of the present application. This method may be executed by a third network device, and the third network device may be, for example, the PE3 device in FIGS. 1-3. Referring to Figure 11, the method includes:
- the third network device receives the first routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, and receives the second routing information of the destination network device from the second network device.
- the first routing information may be carried in one route or sent in two routes.
- the carrying manner of the first routing information in 201 please refer to the relevant description of the carrying manner of the first routing information in 201, which will not be repeated here.
- the second routing information can be carried in one route or sent in two routes.
- the second routing information carrying manner in 203 refer to the related description of the second routing information carrying manner in 203, which will not be repeated here.
- the third network device uses the common address of the first network device and the second network device as the next hop address to send the first packet to the destination network device.
- the third network device determines that the double route of the destination network device has been received. At this time, for the first packet that needs to be sent to the destination network device, The third network device can then use the common address as the next hop address to send the first message to the destination network device.
- the third network device may generate a routing and forwarding entry in the third network device according to the received first routing information and the second routing information, and the purpose of the routing and forwarding entry in the third network device is The address is the address of the destination network device, and the next hop is the common address.
- the third network device sends the first packet to the destination network device according to the next hop of the routing and forwarding entry.
- the third network device may use the common address as the next hop query forwarding entry, and send the first message to the destination network device according to the forwarding entry; or the third network device may use the common address
- the next hop iterative tunnel the first packet is sent to the destination network device according to the tunnel information of the tunnel.
- the third network device sends the first packet to the first network device or the second network device according to the load sharing strategy, and the first network device or the second network device forwards the first packet to the destination network device .
- the third network device may receive the first routing information of the destination network device sent by the first network device and receive the second routing information of the destination network device sent by the second network device.
- the destination addresses in the first routing information and the second routing information are both addresses of the destination network device.
- the next hop address in the first routing information may include not only the common address, but also the address of the first network device.
- the next hop address in the second routing information may include not only the common address, but also the address of the second network device.
- the third network device can not only store the common address, but also store the address of the first network device and the address of the second network device, thereby facilitating the third network device in one network of the first network device and the second network device.
- the first situation the third network device receives from the second network device a de-routing message for de-routing the destination network device, and according to the de-routing message, uses the first alternate next hop address to send the second network device to the destination network device. Message.
- the third network device when the third network device receives the routing cancellation message from the second network device, it can update the routing forwarding table entry according to the routing cancellation message, the destination address of the routing forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device, and the routing The next hop of the forwarding entry is the address of the first network device, such as the IP address of the first network device. That is, the third network device no longer sends the second packet to the destination network device according to the common address of the first network device and the second network device at this time. In this case, the third network device forwards the second packet to the first network device, and the first network device forwards the second packet to the destination network device.
- the second situation the third network device receives the third routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, and uses the first alternate next hop address to send the second packet to the destination network device according to the third routing information.
- the third network device when the third network device receives the third routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, it may update the routing forwarding table entry according to the third routing information, and the destination address of the routing forwarding table entry is the destination network The address of the device. The next hop of the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the first network device. Similar to the first case, the third network device forwards the second packet to the first network device, and the first network device Forward the second message to the destination network device.
- the third network device has the ability to learn routes, but does not have the ability to withdraw routes.
- the third network device may implement packet forwarding according to the second situation described above.
- the third network device may implement packet forwarding according to any one of the first situation and the second situation described above.
- the third network device updates the routing and forwarding entry according to the received routing revocation message or the third routing information, one possible way is to replace the next hop information with the common address from the common address.
- Another possible way for the first alternate next hop address is to update the identification bit to indicate that the common address in the next hop information is currently unavailable, and the first alternate next hop address needs to be used to forward the packet.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the network device can be the PE1 device, PE2 device, or PE3 device shown in the embodiments of Figs.
- the network device may include at least one processor 1201 and at least one communication interface 1204.
- the network device may also include a communication bus 1202 and a memory 1203.
- the processor 1201 may be a microprocessor (including a central processing unit (CPU), etc.), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be one or more for controlling the solution of the application Integrated circuit for program execution.
- a microprocessor including a central processing unit (CPU), etc.
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- the communication interface 1204 uses any device such as a transceiver to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), and so on.
- a transceiver uses any device such as a transceiver to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), and so on.
- RAN radio access network
- WLAN wireless local area network
- the memory 1203 may be read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), optical disk ( Including read-only discs (compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM), compact discs, laser discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store The desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and any other medium that can be accessed by the computer, but not limited to this.
- the memory 1203 may exist independently and is connected to the processor 1201 through the communication bus 1202.
- the memory 1203 may also be integrated with the processor 1201.
- the communication bus 1202 may include a path for transferring information between the aforementioned components.
- the processor 1201 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 as shown in FIG. 12.
- the network device may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1201 and the processor 1205 as shown in FIG. 12. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor.
- the processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).
- the network device may further include an output device 1206 and an input device 1207.
- the output device 1206 communicates with the processor 1201 and can display information in a variety of ways.
- the output device 1206 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector, etc.
- the input device 1207 communicates with the processor 1201, and can receive user input in a variety of ways.
- the input device 1207 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.
- the foregoing network device may be, for example, a router, a switch, a PE device, a network server, a switch, or a desktop computer, or may be other types of communication devices or embedded devices, etc.
- the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the type of the network device.
- the memory 1203 is used to store the program code 1210 for executing the solution of the present application
- the processor 1201 is used to execute the program code 1210 stored in the memory 1203.
- the network device can use the processor 1201 and the program code 1210 in the memory 1203 to implement the operations performed by the first network device, the second network device, or the third network device in the foregoing embodiment.
- the memory can also exist independently of the network device, and the program code stored in the memory can be called when the network device is running, so as to realize that the first network device, the second network device, or the third network device in the above embodiment Action performed.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for sending routes according to an embodiment of the present application.
- the apparatus may be implemented as part or all of the first network device by software, hardware, or a combination of the two.
- the first network device may be as shown in FIG. 12 Network equipment shown. Referring to Figure 13, the device includes:
- the sending module 1301 is configured to send first routing information of the destination network device, where the first routing information includes a first destination address, a first primary next hop address, and a first backup next hop address, so
- the first destination address includes the address of the destination network device
- the first primary next hop address includes the common address of the first network device and the second network device
- the first backup next hop address The address includes the address of the first network device.
- the first primary next hop address is carried in a first attribute field of a first BGP route
- the first backup next hop address is carried in a second attribute field of the first BGP route.
- the sending module 1301 is used to:
- the device includes:
- the receiving module 1302 is configured to receive second routing information of the destination network device from the second network device, where the second routing information includes a second destination address, a second primary next hop address, and a second Backup next hop address, the second destination address includes the address of the destination network device, the second primary next hop address includes the common address, and the second backup next hop address includes the first 2.
- a generating module 1303, configured to generate a routing and forwarding entry, the destination address of the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device, and the alternate next hop of the routing and forwarding entry is the second alternate next hop address.
- the device further includes:
- the receiving module 1302 is configured to receive, from the second network device, a route cancellation message used to cancel the route of the destination network device;
- the sending module 1301 is further configured to send third routing information of the destination network device according to the routing cancellation message, the third routing information includes the first destination address, and the third routing information is used to indicate The third network device uses the first alternate next hop address as the next hop address to reach the destination network device.
- the third routing information includes the first backup next hop address, and the first backup next hop address is carried in a next hop field of the third routing information.
- the device includes:
- the receiving module 1302 is configured to receive a message sent by the third network device to the destination network device after sending the first routing information to the third network device.
- the address of the first network device is an IP address of the first network device, and the common address is a loopback address.
- the destination address in the first routing information of the destination network device is the first destination address (that is, the address of the destination network device), and the next hop address in the first routing information includes the first primary next hop The address (that is, the common address of the first network device and the second network device), and also includes the first standby next hop address (that is, the address of the first network device).
- the first routing information can not only store the common address of the first network device and the second network device, but also store the address of the first network device, so that it is convenient for other network devices to communicate with the destination of the second network device.
- the message can be forwarded normally according to the first standby next hop address directly.
- the device for sending routes provided in the above embodiments only uses the division of the above functional modules for example when sending routes.
- the above functions can be allocated by different functional modules as needed. That is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
- the device for sending a route provided in the above-mentioned embodiment belongs to the same concept as the embodiment of the method for sending a route. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for processing routing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the device may be implemented as part or all of the second network device by software, hardware or a combination of the two.
- the second network device may be as shown in FIG. 12 Network equipment shown. Referring to Figure 14, the device includes:
- the receiving module 1401 is configured to receive first routing information of the destination network device sent by the first network device, where the first routing information includes a first destination address, a first primary next hop address, and a second A backup next hop address, the first destination address includes the address of the destination network device, and the first primary next hop address includes the common address of the first network device and the second network device, The first backup next hop address includes the address of the first network device;
- a generating module 1402 configured to generate a routing and forwarding entry, the destination address of the routing and forwarding entry is the address of the destination network device, and the alternate next hop of the routing and forwarding entry is the first alternate next hop address.
- the device includes:
- the sending module is configured to send a revocation route for revocation of the route of the destination network device to the first network device and the third network device according to a connection failure between the second network device and the destination network device information.
- the device includes a sending module
- the receiving module 1401 is further configured to receive a message sent by the third network device to the destination network device;
- the sending module is configured to forward the message to the first network device according to the alternate next hop of the routing and forwarding entry when a connection failure occurs between the second network device and the destination network device.
- Network equipment
- the device includes:
- the sending module is configured to send second routing information, where the second routing information includes a second destination address, a second primary next hop address, and a second backup next hop address, and the second destination address includes all The address of the destination network device, the second primary next hop address includes the common address, and the second backup next hop address includes the address of the second network device.
- the second network device can use the alternate next hop address in the routing forwarding entry, that is, according to the address of the first network device,
- the message that needs to be sent to the destination network device is directly forwarded to the first network device, and then the first network device forwards the message to the destination network device, thereby ensuring the normal forwarding of the message.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for processing routing provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- the device can be implemented as part or all of a third network device by software, hardware, or a combination of the two.
- the third network device can be as shown in FIG. 12 Network equipment shown. Referring to Figure 15, the device includes:
- the receiving module 1501 is configured to receive first routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, where the first routing information includes a first destination address, a first primary next hop address, and a first Standby next hop address, the first destination address includes the address of the destination network device, the first primary next hop address includes the common address of the first network device and the second network device, so The first backup next hop address includes the address of the first network device;
- the receiving module 1501 is further configured to receive second routing information of the destination network device from the second network device, where the second routing information includes a second destination address, a second primary next hop address, and a first Two backup next hop addresses, the second destination address includes the address of the destination network device, the second primary next hop address includes the common address, and the second backup next hop address includes the The address of the second network device;
- the sending module 1502 is configured to send a first packet to the destination network device using the common address as the next hop address according to the received first routing information and the second routing information.
- the common address is respectively carried in the first attribute field in the first BGP route sent by the first network device and the third attribute field in the second BGP route sent by the second network device, so The address of the first network device is carried in the second attribute field of the first BGP route, and the address of the second network device is carried in the fourth attribute field of the second BGP route.
- the receiving module 1501 is further configured to receive, from the second network device, a route cancellation message for canceling the route of the destination network device;
- the sending module 1502 is further configured to send a second message to the destination network device by using the first alternate next hop address according to the rerouting message.
- the receiving module 1501 is further configured to receive third routing information of the destination network device from the first network device, where the third routing information is used to instruct the third network device to use the first backup download A one-hop address as the next-hop address to reach the destination network device;
- the sending module 1502 is further configured to use the first alternate next hop address to send a second packet to the destination network device according to the third routing information.
- the sending module 1502 is used to:
- the address of the first backup next hop is an IP address of the first network device, and the common address is a loopback address.
- the third network device may receive the first routing information of the destination network device sent by the first network device and receive the second routing information of the destination network device sent by the second network device.
- the destination addresses in the first routing information and the second routing information are both addresses of the destination network device.
- the next hop address in the first routing information may include not only the common address, but also the address of the first network device.
- the next hop address in the second routing information may include not only the common address, but also the address of the second network device.
- the third network device can not only store the common address, but also store the address of the first network device and the address of the second network device, thereby facilitating the third network device in one network of the first network device and the second network device.
- the device for processing routing provided in the above embodiment only uses the division of the above functional modules for example when processing routing.
- the above functions can be allocated by different functional modules according to needs. That is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
- the device for processing routing and the method for processing routing provided in the foregoing embodiment belong to the same concept. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiment for details, which will not be repeated here.
- FIG. 16 shows a network device including the sending route device provided in FIG. 13.
- the device for sending the route is in the form of a software module.
- the memory 1203 can store program codes and data, and the program codes can be divided into different program modules according to achievable functions.
- the program code and data may be invoked and executed by the processor 1201 and/or the processor 1205 to realize the functions of the receiving module 1301, the sending module 1302, and/or the generating module 1303.
- the network device also includes a communication interface 1204. In another implementation manner, it may also include a program module in the form of software in the memory.
- the program module may be called by the processor to implement the function of the generating module 1303, such as generating forwarding entries.
- Generate routing information, etc. while the function of the receiving module 1301 and/or the sending module 1302 can be executed by the communication interface 1204 or transceiver, etc., can be used to send locally generated routes, or can be used to receive routes or routes sent by other devices. Message etc.
- the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
- the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
- the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
- the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
- the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
- the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example: floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical medium (for example: Digital Versatile Disc (DVD)) or semiconductor medium (for example: Solid State Disk (SSD)) Wait.
- the functions described in this application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, these functions can be stored in a computer-readable medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or codes on the computer-readable medium.
- the computer-readable medium includes a computer storage medium and a communication medium, where the communication medium includes any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
- the storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.
- the size of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution.
- the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not correspond to the difference in the embodiments of the present application.
- the implementation process constitutes the only limitation of the implementation process.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (38)
- 一种发送路由的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:所述第一网络设备发送所述目的网络设备的第一路由信息,其中,所述第一路由信息包括第一目的地址、第一主用下一跳地址和第一备用下一跳地址,所述第一目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第一主用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备和所述第二网络设备的共同地址,所述第一备用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备的地址。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一主用下一跳地址携带于第一边界网关协议BGP路由中的第一属性字段,所述第一备用下一跳地址携带于所述第一BGP路由的第二属性字段。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一网络设备发送所述目的网络设备的第一路由信息,包括:所述第一网络设备向所述第二网络设备和第三网络设备发送所述目的网络设备的所述第一路由信息。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:所述第一网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收所述目的网络设备的第二路由信息,其中,所述第二路由信息包括第二目的地址、第二主用下一跳地址和第二备用下一跳地址,所述第二目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第二主用下一跳地址包括所述共同地址,所述第二备用下一跳地址包括所述第二网络设备的地址;所述第一网络设备生成路由转发表项,所述路由转发表项的目的地址为所述目的网络设备的地址,所述路由转发表项的备用下一跳为所述第二备用下一跳地址。
- 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:所述第一网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收用于撤销所述目的网络设备的路由的撤销路由消息;所述第一网络设备根据所述撤销路由消息发送所述目的网络设备的第三路由信息,所述第三路由信息包括所述第一目的地址,所述第三路由信息用于指示第三网络设备使用所述第一备用下一跳地址作为到达所述目的网络设备的下一跳地址。
- 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第三路由信息包括所述第一备用下一跳地址,所述第一备用下一跳地址携带于所述第三路由信息的下一跳字段。
- 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:在所述第一网络设备向第三网络设备发送所述第一路由信息后,所述第一网络设备接收所述第三网络设备发往所述目的网络设备的报文。
- 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一网络设备的地址为所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址,所述共同地址为环回地址。
- 一种处理路由的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:第三网络设备从所述第一网络设备接收所述目的网络设备的第一路由信息,其中,所述第一路由信息包括第一目的地址、第一主用下一跳地址和第一备用下一跳地址,所述第一目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第一主用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备和所 述第二网络设备的共同地址,所述第一备用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备的地址;所述第三网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收所述目的网络设备的第二路由信息,其中,所述第二路由信息包括第二目的地址、第二主用下一跳地址和第二备用下一跳地址,所述第二目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第二主用下一跳地址包括所述共同地址,所述第二备用下一跳地址包括所述第二网络设备的地址;根据接收到所述第一路由信息和所述第二路由信息,所述第三网络设备使用所述共同地址作为下一跳地址向所述目的网络设备发送第一报文。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述共同地址分别携带于所述第一网络设备发送的第一边界网关协议BGP路由中的第一属性字段和所述第二网络设备发送的第二BGP路由中的第三属性字段,所述第一网络设备的地址携带于所述第一BGP路由的第二属性字段,所述第二网络设备的地址携带于所述第二BGP路由的第四属性字段。
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:所述第三网络设备从所述第二网络设备接收用于撤销所述目的网络设备的路由的撤销路由消息;所述第三网络设备根据所述撤销路由消息,使用所述第一备用下一跳地址向所述目的网络设备发送第二报文。
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:所述第三网络设备从所述第一网络设备接收所述目的网络设备的第三路由信息,所述第三路由信息用于指示所述第三网络设备使用所述第一备用下一跳地址作为到达所述目的网络设备的下一跳地址;所述第三网络设备根据所述第三路由信息,使用所述第一备用下一跳地址向所述目的网络设备发送第二报文。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第三网络设备使用所述共同地址作为下一跳地址向所述目的网络设备发送第一报文,包括:所述第三网络设备使用所述共同地址作为下一跳查询转发表项,根据所述转发表项向所述目的网络设备发送所述第一报文;或者,所述第三网络设备使用所述共同地址作为下一跳迭代隧道,根据所述隧道的隧道信息向所述目的网络设备发送所述第一报文。
- 根据权利要求9-13任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一备用下一跳的地址为所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址,所述共同地址为环回地址。
- 一种处理路由的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:所述第二网络设备接收所述第一网络设备发送的所述目的网络设备的第一路由信息,其中,所述第一路由信息包括第一目的地址、第一主用下一跳地址和第一备用下一跳地址,所述第一目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第一主用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备和所述第二网络设备的共同地址,所述第一备用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备的地址;所述第二网络设备生成路由转发表项,所述路由转发表项的目的地址为所述目的网络设备的地址,所述路由转发表项的备用下一跳为所述第一备用下一跳地址。
- 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:根据所述第二网络设备和所述目的网络设备之间出现连接故障,所述第二网络设备向所述第一网络设备和第三网络设备发送用于撤销所述目的网络设备的路由的撤销路由消息。
- 根据权利要求15或16所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:所述第二网络设备接收第三网络设备发往目的网络设备的报文;在所述第二网络设备和所述目的网络设备之间出现连接故障时,所述第二网络设备根据所述路由转发表项的备用下一跳将所述报文转发至所述第一网络设备。
- 根据权利要求15所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:所述第二网络设备发送第二路由信息,其中,所述第二路由信息包括第二目的地址、第二主用下一跳地址和第二备用下一跳地址,所述第二目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第二主用下一跳地址包括所述共同地址,所述第二备用下一跳地址包括所述第二网络设备的地址。
- 一种发送路由的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:发送模块,用于发送所述目的网络设备的第一路由信息,其中,所述第一路由信息包括第一目的地址、第一主用下一跳地址和第一备用下一跳地址,所述第一目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第一主用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备和所述第二网络设备的共同地址,所述第一备用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备的地址。
- 根据权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一主用下一跳地址携带于第一边界网关协议BGP路由中的第一属性字段,所述第一备用下一跳地址携带于所述第一BGP路由的第二属性字段。
- 根据权利要求19或20所述的装置,其特征在于,所述发送模块用于:向所述第二网络设备和第三网络设备发送所述目的网络设备的所述第一路由信息。
- 根据权利要求19-21任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:接收模块,用于从所述第二网络设备接收所述目的网络设备的第二路由信息,其中,所述第二路由信息包括第二目的地址、第二主用下一跳地址和第二备用下一跳地址,所述第二目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第二主用下一跳地址包括所述共同地址,所述第二备用下一跳地址包括所述第二网络设备的地址;生成模块,用于生成路由转发表项,所述路由转发表项的目的地址为所述目的网络设备的地址,所述路由转发表项的备用下一跳为所述第二备用下一跳地址。
- 根据权利要求21或22所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置还包括:接收模块,用于从所述第二网络设备接收用于撤销所述目的网络设备的路由的撤销路由消息;所述发送模块,还用于根据所述撤销路由消息发送所述目的网络设备的第三路由信息,所述第三路由信息包括所述第一目的地址,所述第三路由信息用于指示第三网络设备使用所述第一备用下一跳地址作为到达所述目的网络设备的下一跳地址。
- 根据权利要求23所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第三路由信息包括所述第一备用下一跳地址,所述第一备用下一跳地址携带于所述第三路由信息的下一跳字段。
- 根据权利要求19-22任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:接收模块,用于在向第三网络设备发送所述第一路由信息后,接收所述第三网络设备发 往所述目的网络设备的报文。
- 根据权利要求19-25任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一网络设备的地址为所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址,所述共同地址为环回地址。
- 一种处理路由的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:接收模块,用于从所述第一网络设备接收所述目的网络设备的第一路由信息,其中,所述第一路由信息包括第一目的地址、第一主用下一跳地址和第一备用下一跳地址,所述第一目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第一主用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备和所述第二网络设备的共同地址,所述第一备用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备的地址;所述接收模块,还用于从所述第二网络设备接收所述目的网络设备的第二路由信息,其中,所述第二路由信息包括第二目的地址、第二主用下一跳地址和第二备用下一跳地址,所述第二目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第二主用下一跳地址包括所述共同地址,所述第二备用下一跳地址包括所述第二网络设备的地址;发送模块,用于根据接收到所述第一路由信息和所述第二路由信息,使用所述共同地址作为下一跳地址向所述目的网络设备发送第一报文。
- 根据权利要求27所述的装置,其特征在于,所述共同地址分别携带于所述第一网络设备发送的第一边界网关协议BGP路由中的第一属性字段和所述第二网络设备发送的第二BGP路由中的第三属性字段,所述第一网络设备的地址携带于所述第一BGP路由的第二属性字段,所述第二网络设备的地址携带于所述第二BGP路由的第四属性字段。
- 根据权利要求27或28所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接收模块,还用于从所述第二网络设备接收用于撤销所述目的网络设备的路由的撤销路由消息;所述发送模块,还用于根据所述撤销路由消息,使用所述第一备用下一跳地址向所述目的网络设备发送第二报文。
- 根据权利要求27或28所述的装置,其特征在于,所述接收模块,还用于从所述第一网络设备接收所述目的网络设备的第三路由信息,所述第三路由信息用于指示所述第三网络设备使用所述第一备用下一跳地址作为到达所述目的网络设备的下一跳地址;所述发送模块,还用于根据所述第三路由信息,使用所述第一备用下一跳地址向所述目的网络设备发送第二报文。
- 根据权利要求27所述的装置,其特征在于,所述发送模块用于:使用所述共同地址作为下一跳查询转发表项,根据所述转发表项向所述目的网络设备发送所述第一报文;或者,使用所述共同地址作为下一跳迭代隧道,根据所述隧道的隧道信息向所述目的网络设备发送所述第一报文。
- 根据权利要求27-31任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一备用下一跳的地址为所述第一网络设备的互联网协议IP地址,所述共同地址为环回地址。
- 一种处理路由的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:接收模块,用于接收所述第一网络设备发送的所述目的网络设备的第一路由信息,其中,所述第一路由信息包括第一目的地址、第一主用下一跳地址和第一备用下一跳地址,所述第 一目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第一主用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备和所述第二网络设备的共同地址,所述第一备用下一跳地址包括所述第一网络设备的地址;生成模块,用于生成路由转发表项,所述路由转发表项的目的地址为所述目的网络设备的地址,所述路由转发表项的备用下一跳为所述第一备用下一跳地址。
- 根据权利要求33所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:发送模块,用于根据所述第二网络设备和所述目的网络设备之间出现连接故障,向所述第一网络设备和第三网络设备发送用于撤销所述目的网络设备的路由的撤销路由消息。
- 根据权利要求33或34所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括发送模块;所述接收模块,还用于接收第三网络设备发往目的网络设备的报文;所述发送模块,用于在所述第二网络设备和所述目的网络设备之间出现连接故障时,根据所述路由转发表项的备用下一跳将所述报文转发至所述第一网络设备。
- 根据权利要求33所述的装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:发送模块,用于发送第二路由信息,其中,所述第二路由信息包括第二目的地址、第二主用下一跳地址和第二备用下一跳地址,所述第二目的地址包括所述目的网络设备的地址,所述第二主用下一跳地址包括所述共同地址,所述第二备用下一跳地址包括所述第二网络设备的地址。
- 一种网络设备,其特征在于,所述网络设备包括处理器和存储器,所述存储器用于存储计算机程序,所述处理器用于调用存储器中存储的计算机程序,执行如权利要求1-18中任一项所述的方法。
- 一种计算机可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令,当所述指令在计算机上运行时,使得计算机执行如权利要求1-18任意一项所述的方法。
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CN108243102A (zh) * | 2016-12-27 | 2018-07-03 | 迈普通信技术股份有限公司 | 一种快速重路由的实现方法和pe设备 |
CN109672619A (zh) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种处理报文的方法、设备及系统 |
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BR112022019788A2 (pt) | 2022-12-06 |
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