WO2021190460A1 - 滤芯组件、过滤器、水路控制系统和热水器 - Google Patents

滤芯组件、过滤器、水路控制系统和热水器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021190460A1
WO2021190460A1 PCT/CN2021/082197 CN2021082197W WO2021190460A1 WO 2021190460 A1 WO2021190460 A1 WO 2021190460A1 CN 2021082197 W CN2021082197 W CN 2021082197W WO 2021190460 A1 WO2021190460 A1 WO 2021190460A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
water
filter element
cavity
water outlet
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/082197
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵仁壮
王明
Original Assignee
芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010212501.1A external-priority patent/CN113491895B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010212129.4A external-priority patent/CN113491894A/zh
Application filed by 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 filed Critical 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司
Priority to EP21776990.0A priority Critical patent/EP4115963A4/en
Publication of WO2021190460A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021190460A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
    • B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/60—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
    • B01D29/603—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by flow measuring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/60—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
    • B01D29/608—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by temperature measuring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/06—Filters making use of electricity or magnetism
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/0042—Cleaning arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/04—Supports for the filtering elements
    • B01D2201/0415—Details of supporting structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/29—Filter cartridge constructions
    • B01D2201/291—End caps
    • B01D2201/295—End caps with projections extending in a radial outward direction, e.g. for use as a guide, spacing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/30—Filter housing constructions
    • B01D2201/301—Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads
    • B01D2201/302—Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads having inlet or outlet ports
    • B01D2201/303—Details of removable closures, lids, caps, filter heads having inlet or outlet ports not arranged concentrically
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
    • C02F2201/006—Cartridges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/128—Preventing overheating
    • F24H15/132—Preventing the operation of water heaters with low water levels, e.g. dry-firing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/315—Control of valves of mixing valves

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of filter devices, and in particular to a filter element assembly, a filter and a water heater.
  • the filter frame as a component of the filter, is mainly used to support the filter screen on its outer surface.
  • Many water permeable holes are provided on the filter element frame, and the raw water for the filter screen can flow into the inner cavity of the filter element frame through the water permeable holes, and then flow out from the water outlet at one end of the filter element frame.
  • the existing filters are evenly arranged in the length direction of the filter element frame due to the permeable holes provided on the filter element frame of the filter.
  • the closer to the water outlet the greater the water pressure difference. Therefore, the higher the use rate of the filter, the faster the dirt will accumulate, which is easier There is a problem of partial blockage of the filter.
  • the main purpose of this application is to provide a filter element assembly, which aims to solve the problem of partial blockage of the filter screen during the use of the existing filter element assembly.
  • the filter element assembly includes a filter element frame, the filter element frame has a water filter cavity, one end of the water filter cavity is the water outlet end, and the filter element frame has an adjacent State the open-hole structure of the water outlet end, the open-hole structure is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes that communicate with the water filter cavity;
  • the opening ratio of the opening structure continuously increases or increases in steps.
  • the opening rate of the opening structure increases in steps.
  • the opening structure includes a first opening portion close to the water outlet end, and a second opening portion far away from the water outlet end;
  • the hole area of each water permeation hole of the first opening portion is equal, and the hole area of each water permeation hole of the second opening portion is equal.
  • the permeable holes of the first opening portion and the second opening portion are arranged in a matrix and arranged on the opening structure
  • the hole area of the water-permeable hole of the first opening portion is smaller than the hole area of the water-permeable hole of the second opening portion.
  • the water permeable hole of the first opening portion is a round hole
  • the water permeation hole of the second opening portion is a rectangular hole
  • the first opening portion occupies 1/4 to 2/5 of the length of the frame of the filter element, and the second opening portion occupies 2/5 to 1/2 of the length of the frame of the filter element.
  • a convex rib is provided on the periphery of the water permeable hole.
  • a magnetic member is installed on the other end of the filter core frame opposite to the water outlet end.
  • the water filter cavity of the filter element skeleton contains a scale inhibitor.
  • the filter element assembly further includes a filter screen arranged on the outer periphery of the filter element skeleton.
  • the copper head assembly includes: a mounting cover on which a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are installed,
  • the filter also includes:
  • the sensor assembly includes a flow measuring element installed in the water inlet pipe and/or the water outlet pipe;
  • a temperature measuring element installed in the water inlet pipe and/or the water outlet pipe.
  • the flow measuring element is a magnetic rotor
  • the magnetic rotor is used to generate a magnetic field signal that changes with the flow rate of the water flow.
  • the magnetic rotor includes;
  • the outer frame is installed in the water inlet pipe and/or the water outlet pipe;
  • the impeller is rotatably installed in the outer frame, and the impeller is used to rotate under the drive of the water flow to generate a magnetic field signal corresponding to the change of the flow rate of the water flow.
  • the flow measurement element further includes:
  • the Hall element is installed on the filter bottle, and the Hall element is corresponding to the magnetic rotor and is used for receiving the magnetic field signal of the magnetic rotor.
  • the Hall element is detachably installed on the filter bottle.
  • the filter element assembly is installed in the accommodating cavity formed by the copper head assembly and the filter bottle, and the accommodating cavity is divided into a water inlet cavity and a water filter cavity located in the frame of the filter element ,
  • the water inlet pipe of the copper head assembly is in fluid communication with the water inlet cavity, and the water outlet pipe of the copper head assembly is in fluid communication with the water filter cavity.
  • the net cover is arranged between the filter element skeleton and the mounting cover, and one end of the filter element skeleton is connected and fixed with the net cover;
  • the mesh cover is provided with filter holes for communicating with the water filter cavity, and the outside of the mesh cover is provided with a filter grid, which extends into the water inlet cavity and abuts against the filter bottle On the inner wall of the grid, a water flow channel for communicating with the water inlet cavity is formed between the adjacent grids.
  • the application also proposes a filter including the filter element assembly as described above.
  • This application also proposes a waterway control system, which includes a processor, a waterway disconnection actuator and the above-mentioned filter, and the processor is electrically connected to the waterway disconnection actuator and the filter, respectively.
  • This application also proposes a water heater including the filter or waterway control system as described above.
  • the filter element skeleton provided by the technical solution of the present application, by changing the opening rate of the filter element skeleton, the more the water outlet end is arranged, the larger the water permeable area is opened. Thereby reducing the pressure difference near the water outlet, while relatively increasing the pressure difference far away from the water outlet. Furthermore, the difference in pressure difference values across the filter element skeleton is reduced, the overall use efficiency of the filter screen is effectively improved, and the problem of local blockage is avoided.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a filter according to the present application, in which the dashed circle only serves as an indicator, and is not a physical structure line;
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic view of the structure of the filter element assembly in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the filter element skeleton in the filter element assembly of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a front view of the filter element skeleton in Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the filter element skeleton in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the filter element skeleton in FIG. 4;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the filter element skeleton in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the filter of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a front view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is an exploded view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a filter in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the internal structure of the water heater of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the filter installed on the water heater of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the filter and thermostatic valve cooperation state of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the filter and the water mixing valve of the present invention.
  • Label name Label name 100 filter 200 Copper head assembly 210 Install the cover 220 Inlet pipe 230 Outlet pipe 300 Filter bottle 400 Filter element assembly 410 Filter skeleton 420 Filter 411 Water outlet 412 Free end 413 Perforated structure 414 Convex rib 415 Installation position 423 First opening 433 Second opening 500 Net cover 600 Water inlet cavity 700 Rate water cavity P Permeable hole
  • This application proposes a filter element assembly, a filter including the filter element assembly, and a water heater including the filter element.
  • the water inlet and the water outlet of the filter element assembly are located at the same end.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural exploded view of the filter 100 in this application.
  • the filter 100 includes a copper head assembly 200, a filter bottle 300, a filter element assembly 400, and a mesh cover 500.
  • the filter element assembly 400 includes a filter screen 420 and a filter frame 410. .
  • the copper head assembly 200 includes structural parts such as a mounting cover 210 and a water inlet and outlet pipe 230.
  • the shape of the mounting cap 210 can be specifically limited according to the shape of the filter bottle 300, a circle is commonly used, and of course there are squares and other polygonal shapes.
  • An internal thread is provided at the position of the mounting cap 210 where the filter bottle 300 is connected, and is fixed on the filter bottle 300 through a threaded connection.
  • a water inlet pipe 220 and a water outlet pipe 230 are installed on the leakage side surface of the installation cover 210, and the two water pipes are arranged in parallel or at a certain angle.
  • the filter bottle 300 is generally arranged in a cylindrical shape, one end is open, and the other end is a closed end without other passages.
  • the filter bottle 300 is arranged in a roughly cylindrical barrel, but it does not rule out that the cross-sectional shape of the filter bottle 300 is rectangular or other polygonal shapes.
  • the open end of the filter bottle 300 is provided with an external thread, which coincides with the internal thread of the copper head assembly 200 described above.
  • the filter element assembly 400 includes a filter element frame 410, a magnetic member (not shown in the figure), a filter screen 420, etc.
  • the filter screen 420 is supported by the filter element frame 410 and is located on the outer periphery of the filter element frame 410.
  • the water inlet cavity 600 and the water filter cavity 700 are connected through the filter holes on the filter screen 420.
  • the water inlet pipe 220 of the copper head assembly 200 is in fluid communication with the water inlet cavity 600
  • the water outlet pipe 230 of the copper head assembly 200 is in fluid communication with the water filter cavity 700.
  • the raw water flows from the water inlet pipe 220 into the water inlet cavity 600, is filtered by the filter screen 420, flows into the water filter cavity 700, and then is discharged from the water outlet pipe 230.
  • the water inlet pipe 220 and the water outlet pipe 230 of the filter 100 are located at the same end, if the openings on the filter core frame 410 are evenly distributed during the flow of the liquid, it will be close to the end of the water outlet, inside and outside the filter screen 420.
  • the liquid pressure difference is relatively large. Therefore, the higher the usage rate of the filter 420 is, the faster the dirt will accumulate, which is likely to cause the problem of partial blockage of the filter 420.
  • the present application solves the problem by improving the filter frame 410.
  • the filter element skeleton 410 in the filter element assembly 400 protected by the present application will be described in detail below.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter element frame 410 in the present application.
  • the filter element frame 410 has a water filter cavity 700, one end of the water filter cavity 700 is open, and the open end is the water outlet end of the filter element frame 410 411.
  • the water outlet pipe 230 shown above is in fluid communication with the water filter chamber 700, that is, it is realized by being connected to the water outlet 411.
  • define the opposite ends of the filter frame 410 one end is the water outlet end 411, and the other end is the free end 412.
  • the filter element frame 410 has an opening structure 413 located between the water outlet end 411 and the free end 412.
  • the opening structure 413 is provided with a plurality of permeable holes P (as shown in FIG. 5), and the permeable holes P are in fluid communication with the water filter cavity 700 .
  • the opening rate of the opening structure 413 increases in the direction from the water outlet end 411 to the free end 412, and the increase mode may be continuous or stepwise.
  • the porosity it has been defined in the foregoing. The following is a specific example of incremental methods.
  • the upper and lower directions are specifically cited.
  • the specific upper and lower directions are shown in FIG. 4, wherein the water outlet 411 of the filter frame 410 is located at the upper end.
  • the opening structure 413 is divided into 11 layers in the upper and lower directions for explanation. Each layer is represented by the corresponding Arabic numerals in FIG. 4.
  • each level is the same in the 1-layer area to the 11-layer area, so S 0 is used to represent the surface area of each level.
  • S 1 the sum of the open area of all the water-permeable holes P on the first layer area
  • S 2 the sum of the open area of all the water-permeable holes P on the second layer area
  • S 11 the 11th layer permeable opening area of all holes in the area of P and denoted by S 11.
  • each level is the same in the 1-layer area to the 11-layer area, so S 0 is used to represent the surface area of each level.
  • S 1 the sum of the open area of all the water-permeable holes P on the first layer area
  • S 2 the sum of the open area of all the water-permeable holes P on the second layer area
  • S 11 the 11th layer permeable opening area of all holes in the area of P and denoted by S 11.
  • S 10 S 11
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the filter element structure.
  • the opening structure 413 in this embodiment is divided into a first opening part 423 and a second opening part 433 in the vertical direction, and the first opening part 423 is located at the upper end of the second opening part 433.
  • the hole area of each water permeable hole P of the first opening portion 423 is set to be equal, and the hole area of each water permeable hole P of the second opening portion 433 is equal.
  • the opening area of the first opening portion 423 (or the second opening portion 433) can be adjusted accordingly And/or the number of openings, etc.
  • all the permeable holes P of the first opening 423 and the second opening 433 are arranged in a matrix on the opening structure 413.
  • the matrix arrangement also has advantages, ensuring uniform acceptance of various parts of the filter element frame 410, improving the support strength of the filter element frame 410, and avoiding the problem of local damage.
  • the hole area of the water permeable hole P of the first opening portion 423 is set to be smaller than that of the second opening portion 433. The hole area of the hole P.
  • the structural lengths of the first opening portion 423 and the second opening portion 433 defined above are as follows, preferably the first opening portion 423 occupies 1/4 to 2/5 of the length of the filter element skeleton 410, preferably the second opening The portion 433 occupies 2/5 to 1/2 of the length of the filter frame 410.
  • the first opening 423 occupies 1/4 of the length of the filter frame 410 the second opening 433 occupies 1/2 of the length of the filter frame 410; when the first opening 423 occupies the When the length of the filter element frame 410 is 2/5, the second opening portion 433 also occupies 2/5 of the length of the filter element frame 410, etc.
  • the above-mentioned water-permeable hole P does not limit the type of opening, and may be a circular hole, a rectangular hole, a triangular hole, a polygonal hole, or a heterogeneous hole.
  • the permeable hole P may be a conventional through hole, a flared through hole, or a contracted through hole.
  • the water-permeable hole P is a round hole
  • the water-permeable hole P of the second opening portion 433 is a rectangular hole.
  • the first opening part 423 is provided with a round hole. In order to be easy to process, and the hole diameter is relatively small, the hole gap is relatively large, and the structure strength of the part after the hole is opened does not need to be considered, so the round hole can be satisfied.
  • the second opening portion 433 is opened with a square hole, because the opening of the second opening portion 433 is relatively large, and the hole spacing is relatively small. Therefore, considering the structural strength of the opening portion, the regular connection pillars between the square holes The support strength obtained is relatively high, so it meets the structural strength of this part.
  • a rib 414 is provided around the permeable hole P to play a strengthening role.
  • the filter screen 420 is supported on the outer periphery of the filter element frame 410. Therefore, by the arrangement of the ribs 414, the filter screen 420 and the filter element frame 410 can be separated to facilitate the flow of liquid.
  • the position of the rib 414 may be arranged around the circular hole, or may be arranged on the upper edge, the lower edge, the side edge or the mutual combination of the round hole.
  • it can be arranged on the upper side, lower side, side of the square hole, or combined with each other.
  • the extending direction of the rib 414 may be perpendicular to the up and down direction, or parallel to the up and down direction, or have a certain angle with the up and down direction.
  • the rib 414 can also be set in a broken line shape, a grid shape or a wave shape.
  • the ribs 414 may be continuous or separated from each other.
  • the heights of the protrusions of the ribs 414 may be all the same, or may be partly the same.
  • the inlet and outlet pipes of the filter element assembly 400 are arranged above the filter 100, the closer to the outlet end 411, the greater the liquid flow rate. Therefore, the pressure difference between the inner and outer sides of the filter 420 is closer to the outlet. At the end 411, the pressure difference is larger, and the inner and outer pressure difference of the filter 420 at the farther from the water outlet 411 is smaller. Therefore, under the premise that the pressure difference values of various parts of the filter element skeleton 410 are quite different, in the filter element skeleton 410 provided by the technical solution of the present application, by changing the porosity, the farther away from the water outlet end 411, the larger the water permeable area is opened. .
  • the pressure difference near the water outlet 411 is reduced, and at the same time, the pressure difference far away from the water outlet 411 is relatively increased. Furthermore, the size difference of the pressure difference between the filter element skeleton 410 is reduced, the overall use efficiency of the filter screen 420 is effectively improved, and the problem of local blockage is avoided.
  • the filter element framework 410 is further improved from the perspective of purification. Please refer to FIG. 3 or FIG.
  • the magnetic member adsorbs metal substances in the filtered water in the water filtering chamber 700, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, etc., thereby improving the filtering quality.
  • the installation position 415 is arranged as a containing groove, and the containing groove traverses the free end 412 of the filter core frame 410.
  • the magnetic member directly penetrates into the installation position 415, and then is restricted by a filter 420 wrapped outside to prevent it from falling out.
  • the magnetic member can also be inserted into the installation position 415 with an interference fit.
  • the installation method is simple, convenient for the installation of the magnetic components, and also convenient for later disassembly, cleaning and replacement.
  • the accommodating groove may have only one end open and the other end closed.
  • the accommodating groove may penetrate through the water filter cavity 700 or may be separated from the water filter cavity 700.
  • a scale inhibitor or other functional raw materials such as calcium sulfite are placed in the water filter cavity 700 of the filter core frame 410.
  • the copper head assembly 200 includes: a mounting cover 210 on which a water inlet pipe 220 and a water outlet pipe 230 are installed, wherein the filter element assembly 400 can be installed In the accommodating cavity formed by the copper head assembly 200 and the filter bottle 300, the accommodating cavity is divided into a water inlet cavity 600 and a water filter cavity 700 located in the filter frame 410.
  • the copper head assembly The water inlet pipe 220 of the 200 is in fluid communication with the water inlet cavity 600, and the water outlet pipe 230 of the copper head assembly 200 is in fluid communication with the water filter cavity 700.
  • the filter further includes:
  • the sensor assembly includes a flow measuring element 40 installed in the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230; raw water enters the cavity through the water inlet pipe 220, and the raw water flows through the filter element assembly 400 At this time, the filter element assembly 400 filters the raw water to generate purified water, and the purified water is output to the outside of the filter through the water outlet pipe 230.
  • the flow measuring element 40 is used for detecting the flow of water flowing through the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230, and the flow measuring element 40 may be for detecting the flow rate of the raw water of the water inlet pipe 220, or The flow rate detection of the purified water of the water outlet pipe 230 may be performed, or the raw water of the water inlet pipe 220 and the purified water of the water outlet pipe 230 may be detected at the same time.
  • the flow measuring element 40 is installed in the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230, an integrated design with the filter can be realized, and the user does not need to purchase the flow measuring element 40 and the filter separately.
  • the flow measuring element 40 only needs to be combined with the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230 of the filter, and the water use equipment only needs to be matched with the filter, which can simplify the user's assembly steps. , Improve installation efficiency, and help reduce installation costs.
  • the flow measurement element 40 can be directly integrated with the filter as a whole, when the filter is installed on a water heater such as a water heater, the flow detection element does not need to occupy the internal space of the water device, and thus The space utilization rate of the water equipment can be improved.
  • the flow measuring element 40 may be a flow sensor, such as a Hall flow meter, or other flow meters.
  • the assembly method of the flow measuring element 40 and the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230 may be based on the The selection of the flow sensor is determined and will not be repeated.
  • the sensor assembly is a temperature measuring element 50 installed in the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230, and the temperature measurement
  • the element 50 may be a temperature sensor.
  • the temperature measuring element 50 can be installed on the water inlet pipe 220 to detect the temperature of the raw water input to the water equipment, or it can be installed on the water outlet pipe 230 for To detect the temperature of the filtered purified water, the temperature measuring element 50 may also be provided on the water inlet pipe 220 and the water outlet pipe 230 at the same time.
  • the flow measurement element 40 and the temperature measurement element 50 are installed on the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230 at the same time.
  • the filter may be a pre-filter, that is, installed on the water inlet pipe of the water equipment, when the flow measurement element 40 detects that the flow exceeds a preset threshold, or the temperature measurement element 50 detects temperature
  • the water inlet pipe 220 or the water outlet pipe 230 may be controlled to close by an external controller, so that the water inlet pipe of the water-using equipment is closed, thereby preventing the water-using equipment from operating beyond a preset condition.
  • the flow measuring element 40 is a magnetic rotor, and the magnetic rotor is used to generate a magnetic field signal that changes with the flow rate of the water flow.
  • a magnetic rotor By using a magnetic rotor, a magnetic field signal that changes with the flow rate can be generated, and other components can be used to receive and read the magnetic field signal, and then the flow rate in the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230 can be identified and calculated according to the change of the magnetic field, so as to obtain Know the water inflow and/or outflow of the filter provided in this example.
  • the magnetic field signal can be received and sent without connecting through physical wires, it is possible to avoid opening or slotting in this embodiment to arrange the signal transmission line, which ensures the stability and sealing performance of this embodiment.
  • the working environment of the filter is generally a weak magnetic field environment. Therefore, the transmission of flow information through the magnetic field signal is highly efficient and will not be disturbed.
  • the magnetic rotor adopts a permanent magnet, which can realize flow measurement by supplying power to the measuring element, which reduces The working energy consumption of this embodiment saves energy.
  • the magnetic rotor includes; an outer frame 41 installed in the water inlet pipe 220 and/or the water outlet pipe 230; and an impeller 42 rotatably installed on the outer frame 41 Inside, the impeller 42 is used to rotate under the drive of the water flow to generate a magnetic field signal corresponding to the change in the flow rate of the water flow.
  • the outer frame 41 is installed in the inlet pipe 220, and when the flow measuring element 40 is installed in the outlet pipe 230 , The outer frame 41 is installed in the outlet pipe 230.
  • the outer wall of the outer frame 41 is connected to the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 220 or the water outlet pipe 230, the outer frame 41 is hollow, and the impeller 42 is rotatably installed in the hollow structure of the outer frame 41 .
  • the water flow drives the impeller 42 to rotate.
  • a magnetic field signal corresponding to the change in the flow rate of the water is generated, which can be received by the external controller.
  • the external controller determines whether to close the water inlet pipe 220 or the water outlet pipe 230 according to the strength of the magnetic field signal.
  • the flow measurement element 40 further includes a Hall element 43, which is installed on the filter bottle 300, and the Hall element 43 corresponds to the magnetic rotor and is used for receiving the magnetic rotor. Magnetic field signal.
  • the Hall element 43 is matched with the magnetic rotor.
  • the Hall element 43 receives the magnetic field signal generated by the magnetic rotor, and can connect the external controller to the magnetic rotor.
  • the Er element 43 is electrically connected.
  • the external controller receives the electrical signal sent by the Hall element 43, it determines whether to trigger the closing of the water inlet pipe 220 or the water outlet pipe 230.
  • the Hall element 43 can be detachably installed on the filter bottle 300 to facilitate the installation of the Hall element 43.
  • a magnetization element 30 is provided in the water filtration cavity 700 and/or the water inlet cavity 600, and the magnetization element 30 is used to magnetically adsorb impurities in the water, such as iron. Chips, etc., in order to improve the filtration efficiency and reduce the problem that impurities adhere to the filter element assembly 400 and cause the filter element assembly 400 to reduce the filtration efficiency.
  • the magnetized element 30 may be arranged in the water filter cavity 700, or the magnetized element 30 may be arranged in the water inlet cavity 600, or at the same time in the water filter cavity 700 and the The magnetization element 30 is installed in the water inlet cavity 600.
  • a cavity is formed inside the filter bottle 300, and one end of the filter bottle has an opening;
  • the cavity is closed, the water inlet pipe 220 and the water outlet pipe 230 are arranged on the mounting cover 210, one end of the filter element frame 410 can be connected to the mounting cover 210, and the other end of the filter element frame 410 It abuts on the end of the filter bottle 300 away from the mounting cover 210.
  • the filter bottle 300 forms the main body filter bottle 300 structure of the filter.
  • the filter bottle 300 has the opening for installing the installation cover 210. When the installation cover 210 is installed on the opening, The filter bottle 300 is in a closed state. At this time, the water flow can only enter the cavity through the water inlet pipe 220 or output from the cavity through the water outlet pipe 230.
  • the installation cover 210 By providing the installation cover 210, the assembly of the filter bottle 300 can be facilitated, and the installation and replacement of the filter element assembly can be facilitated, thereby facilitating the user to perform regular maintenance on the filter.
  • the end of the filter bottle with an opening is its opening, and the end opposite to the opening is the bottom of the filter bottle.
  • the filter frame 410 When the filter frame 410 is installed in the cavity, the filter frame 410 One end of the filter element frame 410 is connected and fixed by the mounting cover 210, and the other end of the filter element frame 410 is connected and fixed through the bottom of the filter bottle to keep the filter element assembly in a stable state, thereby avoiding the filter element assembly during water flow. A problem of failure of the filter element assembly 400 caused by displacement occurs.
  • the magnetization element 30 can be arranged at the bottom of the filter bottle, and the magnetization element 30 can be arranged in the water filter cavity 700, and can be resisted by the filter core frame 410. Attached to the bottom of the filter bottle, the magnetized element 30 can also be sleeved on the end of the filter element assembly 400 away from the end of the mounting cover 210, so that the magnetized element 30 is located in the water inlet chamber 600 Inside.
  • a mesh cover 500 is provided in the filter bottle, and the mesh cover 500 is provided between the filter element skeleton 410 and the installation cover 210.
  • One end of the filter element frame 410 is connected and fixed with the net cover 500; the net cover 500 is provided with a filter hole 15 for communicating with the water filter cavity 700, and the outside of the net cover 500 is provided with a filter grid 16.
  • the filter grid 16 extends into the water inlet cavity 600 and abuts on the inner wall of the filter bottle, and a water flow for communicating with the water inlet cavity 600 is formed between the adjacent grids 16 Channel 17.
  • the mesh cover 500 is connected to the installation cover 210. When the filter element skeleton 410 is connected to the mesh cover 500, the filter element skeleton 410 is fixed on the installation cover 210 through the mesh cover 500.
  • raw water enters the inside of the mounting cover 210 through the water inlet pipe 220 and passes through The filter hole 15 enters the water filter chamber 700; the purified water filtered by the filter screen 420 enters the water inlet chamber 600, and flows to the outlet on the mounting cover 210 through the water flow channel 17 Water pipe 230 and output.
  • the installation of the filter element frame 410 can be conveniently realized, so that the filter element frame 410 and the installation cover 210 can be quickly matched; at the same time, the water flow is the same as the filter hole 15 and the water flow channel 17. , It can be filtered to further remove impurities in the water and improve filtration efficiency.
  • This application proposes an embodiment of a waterway control system on the basis of the above-mentioned filter.
  • the water circuit control system includes a processor, a water circuit breaking actuator, and the filter described in any of the above embodiments, and the processor is electrically connected to the water circuit breaking actuator and the filter, respectively.
  • the processor is used to receive the signal of the sensor component and send a control signal to the water circuit breaking actuator to realize the water circuit control.
  • This application proposes an embodiment of a water heater on the basis of the above-mentioned filter.
  • the water heater includes the filter described in any of the above embodiments, the filter can be installed on the water inlet pipe of the water heater to form a pre-filter, or it can be installed at all A post filter is formed on the outlet pipe of the water heater.
  • the water heater may also include the above-mentioned waterway control system.
  • the water inlet control of the water heater can be realized to prevent the water volume in the water heater from decreasing and causing dry burning when the external water source of the water heater is cut off.
  • the sensor assembly may be electrically connected to the water heater controller to receive the electrical signal of the sensor assembly through the water heater, thereby improving the control accuracy of the water heater.
  • the water heater includes: a water heater body 60 equipped with a water inlet pipe 61 and a water outlet pipe 62; the filter is installed on the water inlet pipe 61; an outer cover 64 is formed with a receiving cavity opened on one side, The filter is installed in the accommodating cavity, and the opening side of the accommodating cavity is connected with the water heater main body 60 to close the accommodating cavity.
  • the filter is used to filter the water input into the water heater main body 60 through the water inlet pipe 61.
  • An adapter 65 may be provided between the water inlet pipe 61 and the filter.
  • the adapter 65 has an input port 651 and an output port 652, and the input port 651 and the output port 652 are arranged differently;
  • the adapter 65 is arranged on the water outlet pipe, and the input port 651 is connected with the water outlet pipe.
  • the adapter 65 has a hollow tubular structure, and the adapter 65 is used to connect the filter and the water inlet pipe 61.
  • the input port 651 and the output port 652 are the liquid inlet and outlet of the adapter 65. Since the input port 651 and the output port 652 are arranged on different axes, they can be installed according to the inlet and outlet of the water heater.
  • the adapter 65 of different angles is selected to adjust the water inlet or outlet angle of the filter through the adapter 65, and then the angle of the filter can be adjusted according to the design of the water inlet pipe 61 of the water heater , To realize the installation of different angles and different orientations, so that the external pipeline of the water heater main body 60 realizes a hidden arrangement.
  • the projection of the axis of the input port 651 of the adapter 65 and the output port 652 of the adapter on the horizontal plane is perpendicular or intersects at a certain angle, so as to change the water flow direction of the water heater.
  • the axis of the input port 651 and the axis of the output port 652 may be set perpendicular to each other, so that the adapter 65 as a whole is in the water inlet and outlet directions bent at 90°, and other angles may also be selected.
  • the main body 60 of the water heater has a filter bottle, and the inside of the filter bottle may also include other structures, such as an inner tank 63 and a heating component and a thermometer provided inside the inner tank 63.
  • a heat insulation layer is provided between 63, and the installation method can refer to the prior art, and will not be repeated.
  • the water inlet pipe 61 is connected to the inner tank 63 for inputting cold water into the inner tank 63, and the water outlet pipe 62 is connected to the inner tank 63 for outputting heated water to the water heater main body 60 Outside.
  • the outer cover 64 has an inwardly concave portion to form the accommodating cavity. Since the filter is installed in the accommodating cavity, when the filter is installed in the water inlet pipe 61, the outer cover 64 Wrapped on the outside of the filter, the filter cannot be seen from the appearance of the water heater, which in turn can help improve the aesthetics of the overall structure and the safety of the water heater. Since the filter is arranged outside the water heater, the filter does not occupy the internal space of the water heater, which can further increase the capacity of the inner tank 63 of the water heater and increase the volume of the water heater.
  • the filter bottle of the filter can partially extend out of the outer cover 64, so that the user can directly observe the use state of the filter medium on the outside of the filter.
  • Setting the visible area for example, the filter bottle is made of a transparent material, or the filter bottle is made of a partially transparent material.
  • a thermostatic valve 66 may be provided in the outer cover 64, and an electronic thermostatic valve 66 may be used to achieve precise control of the water outlet temperature of the water heater.
  • the purified water generated by the filter filtering partly enters the water inlet pipe 61 of the water heater body 60 and partly enters the cold water pipe of the thermostatic valve 66. Water pipes.
  • the cold water temperature of the thermostatic valve 66 can be detected in real time, and a temperature sensor is provided on the hot water inlet of the thermostatic valve 66, so as to realize the input of the thermostatic valve
  • the precise detection of the temperature of cold water and hot water of 66 facilitates the precise control of the temperature of the outlet water of the thermostatic valve 66.
  • a water mixing valve 67 may be provided in the outer cover 64. Part of the purified water produced by the filter enters the water inlet pipe 61 of the water heater and part of the water enters the mixing valve. The cold water pipe of 67, the hot water produced by the main body 60 of the water heater is heated to enter the hot water pipe of the water mixing valve 67, and the hot water is mixed and output through the water mixing valve 67 to form warm water.

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Abstract

一种滤芯组件（400）、过滤器（100）、水路控制系统和热水器，滤芯组件（400）包括滤芯骨架（410），滤芯骨架（410）具有滤水腔（700），滤水腔（700）的一端为出水端（411），其中，滤芯骨架（410）具有相邻出水端（411）的开孔结构（413），开孔结构（413）上贯设有多个连通滤水腔（700）的透水孔（P）；其中，在远离出水端（411）的朝向上，开孔结构（413）的开孔率连续增加或者阶梯递增。过滤器（100）包括铜头组件（200）、滤瓶（300）、网盖（500），以及滤芯组件（400）。水路控制系统包括处理器、水路开断执行器和过滤器（100）。热水器包括过滤器（100）或水路控制系统。

Description

滤芯组件、过滤器、水路控制系统和热水器
相关专利
本申请要求2020年03月21日，申请号为202010212501.1，发明名称为“滤芯组件、过滤器和热水器”的中国专利申请的优先权，以及要求2020年03月21日，申请号为202010212129.4，发明名称为“过滤器、水路控制系统及热水器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及过滤装置技术领域，特别涉及一种滤芯组件、过滤器和热水器。
背景技术
滤芯骨架，作为过滤器中的零部件，主要用于将滤网支撑在其外表面。滤芯骨架上开设许多透水孔，供透过滤网的原水，得以通过透水孔流入滤芯骨架内部腔体，然后从滤芯骨架一端的出水口流出。
相对于进水口和出水口设置在同一端的过滤器而言，现有的，由于该种过滤器的滤芯骨架上所开设的透水孔，在滤芯骨架的长度方向上是均匀排布的。由此，会导致滤芯骨架在使用的过程中，越靠近水流出口的位置，水的压差越大，因此该处的滤网的使用率越高，污垢也就积累的越快速，由此容易出现滤网局部阻塞的问题。
申请内容
本申请的主要目的是提供一种滤芯组件，旨在解决现有滤芯组件在使用过程中，出现滤网局部阻塞的问题。
为实现上述目的，本申请提出的一种滤芯组件，所述滤芯组件包括滤芯骨架，所述滤芯骨架具有滤水腔，所述滤水腔的一端为出水端，所述滤芯骨架具有相邻所述出水端的开孔结构，所述开孔结构上贯设有多个连通所述滤水腔的透水孔；
其中，在远离所述出水端的朝向上，所述开孔结构的开孔率连续增加或者阶梯递增。
在一实施例中，在远离所述出水端的朝向上，所述开孔结构的开孔率阶梯递增。
在一实施例中，所述开孔结构包括靠近所述出水端的第一开孔部，以及远离所述出水端的第二开孔部；
所述第一开孔部的各透水孔的孔面积相等，所述第二开孔部的各透水孔的孔面积相等。
在一实施例中，所述第一开孔部及所述第二开孔部的透水孔呈矩阵排布而设置在所述开孔结构上；
所述第一开孔部的透水孔的孔面积小于所述第二开孔部的透水孔的孔面积。
在一实施例中，所述第一开孔部的透水孔为圆孔，所述第二开孔部的透水孔为矩形孔。
在一实施例中，所述第一开孔部占所述滤芯骨架长度的1/4～2/5，所述第二开孔部占所述滤芯骨架长度的2/5～1/2。
在一实施例中，所述透水孔的周边设置有凸筋。
在一实施例中，所述滤芯骨架的相对所述出水端的另一端安装有磁性构件。
在一实施例中，所述滤芯骨架的滤水腔内容置有阻垢物质。
在一实施例中，所述滤芯组件还包括滤网，所述滤网设置在所述滤芯骨架的外周。
在一实施例中，所述铜头组件包括：安装盖，所述安装盖上安装有进水管和出水管，
所述过滤器还包括：
传感器组件，包括装设于所述进水管和/或所述出水管内的流量测量元件；
和/或，装设于所述进水管和/或所述出水管内的温度测量元件。
在一实施例中，当所述传感器组件包括流量测量元件时，所述流量测量元件为磁性转子，所述磁性转子用于产生随水流的流量大小变化而对应变化的磁场信号。
在一实施例中，所述磁性转子包括；
外骨架，装设于所述进水管和/或所述出水管内；
叶轮，可转动地装设于所述外骨架内，所述叶轮用于在水流带动下转动，以产生随水流的流量大小变化而对应变化的磁场信号。
在一实施例中，所述流量测量元件还包括：
霍尔元件，装设于所述滤瓶上，所述霍尔元件与所述磁性转子对应，用于接收所述磁性转子的磁场信号。
在一实施例中，所述霍尔元件可拆卸地装设于所述滤瓶上。
在一实施例中，所述滤芯组件安装在所述铜头组件和滤瓶形成的容置腔内，并将所述容置腔分为进水腔和位于所述滤芯骨架内的滤水腔，所述铜头组件的进水管与进水腔流体连通，所述铜头组件的出水管与滤水腔流体连通。
在一实施例中，所述网盖设于所述滤芯骨架与所述安装盖之间，所述滤芯骨架的一端与所述网盖相连接固定；
所述网盖上设有用于连通所述滤水腔的过滤孔，所述网盖的外部设有过滤格栅，所述过滤格栅伸入所述进水腔并抵接在所述滤瓶的内壁上，相邻的所述格栅之间形成用于连通所述进水腔的水流通道。
本申请还提出一种过滤器，包括如上所述的滤芯组件。
本申请还提出一种水路控制系统，包括处理器、水路开断执行器和上述过滤器，所述处理器分别与所述水路开断执行器和过滤器电性连接。
本申请还提出一种热水器，包括如上所述的过滤器或者水路控制系统。
一般的，滤芯组件使用过程中，由于进水端和出水端存在压差，因此导致滤网内外两侧的压差不均匀，因此会产生局部堵塞的问题。因此，本申请技术方案提供的滤芯骨架中，通过改变滤芯骨架的开孔率，设置越远离出水端处的区域透水面积开设越大。从而降低靠近出水端处的压差，同时相对提高远离出水端处的压差。进而，减小滤芯骨架各处的压差值的大小差异，有效提高滤网的整体使用效率，避免出现局部堵塞的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请过滤器的一实施例的结构示意图，其中，虚线圈只起标示作用，并非实体结构线；
图2为图1中的滤芯组件的结构分解示意图；
图3为本申请滤芯组件中的滤芯骨架的一实施例的结构示意图；
图4为图3中的滤芯骨架的主视图；
图5为图4中的滤芯骨架的部分结构示意图；
图6为图4中的滤芯骨架的另一视角示意图；
图7为图6中的滤芯骨架的截面视图；
图8为本发明过滤器一实施例示意图；
图9为图8主视图；
图10为图8爆炸图；
图11为本发明一实施例中过滤器内部结构示意图；
图12为本发明热水器内部结构一实施例示意图；
图13为本发明过滤器安装于热水器上一实施例示意图；
图14为本发明过滤器与恒温阀配合状态一实施例示意图；
图15为本发明过滤器与混水阀配合状态一实施例示意图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
100 过滤器 200 铜头组件
210 安装盖 220 进水管
230 出水管 300 滤瓶
400 滤芯组件 410 滤芯骨架
420 滤网 411 出水端
412 自由端 413 开孔结构
414 凸筋 415 安装位
423 第一开孔部 433 第二开孔部
500 网盖 600 进水腔
700 率水腔 P 透水孔
本申请目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，请参阅附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明，本申请实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本申请中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，全文中出现的“和/或”的含义为，包括三个并列的方案，以“A和/或B”为例，包括A方案，或B方案，或A和B同时满足的方案。此外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本申请要求的保护范围之内。
开孔率：指在一定区域内，开设的所有孔的孔面积总和比上该一定区域的总面积所得到的比值。假设用S a代表一定区域的面积，S b代表在该一定区域内所开设的所有孔的开孔面积总和，S c代表该一定区域的开孔率，则得出：S c＝S b/S a。其中，调节开孔率的方式，可以是通过改变各开孔的孔面积，也可以改变该一定区域内的开孔数量。
本申请提出了一种滤芯组件、包含有该滤芯组件的过滤器，以及包含有该过滤器的热水器，该滤芯组件的进水口和出水口位于同一端。
在这种过滤器的使用过程中，由于滤芯组件的进水口和出水口位于同一端，由于进水口和出水口之间存在压力差，因此会导致在靠近进出水端的滤网两侧压力较大，而远离进出水端的滤网两端的压力较小，这种压差不均匀会产生局部堵塞的问题。
图1是本申请中过滤器100的结构分解示意图，过滤器100包括铜头组件200、滤瓶300、滤芯组件400和网盖500等结构，滤芯组件400包括滤网420和滤芯骨架410等部件。
铜头组件
铜头组件200包括安装盖210和进出水管230等结构件。安装盖210的形状可根据滤瓶 300的形状作具体限定，常用的为圆形，当然还有方形以及其他多边形状。安装盖210的连接滤瓶300的部位设置有内螺纹，通过螺纹连接的方式来固定在滤瓶300上。安装盖210的外漏侧表上安装有进水管220和出水管230，两个水管之间呈平行或者具有一定夹角设置。
滤瓶
滤瓶300大致呈筒状设置，一端为敞口，另一端在不设置其他通路的情况下，为密闭端。结合上述铜头组件200，两者的形状为了相配，滤瓶300为大致圆柱桶设置，但不排除滤瓶300的横截形状为矩形或者其他多边形等。滤瓶300的敞口端设置有外螺纹，与上述铜头组件200的内螺纹相吻合。
滤芯组件
图2是滤芯组件400的结构分解示意图，滤芯组件400包括滤芯骨架410、磁性构件(图中未标示)和滤网420等，滤网420通过滤芯骨架410支撑并且位于滤芯骨架410的外周。当滤芯组件400安装在铜头组件200和滤瓶300形成的容置腔内时，结合图1，滤芯组件400将整个容置腔分为两个各部，一个部分位于滤网420外周的进水腔600(如图1中虚线圈所示的外周腔体)，另一个部分为位于滤网420内(即滤芯骨架410内)的滤水腔700(如图1中虚线圈所示的内周腔体)，进水腔600和滤水腔700通过滤网420上的滤孔连通。另外相对应的，铜头组件200的进水管220与进水腔600流体连通，铜头组件200的出水管230与滤水腔700流体连通。
滤水过程中，原水从进水管220流入进水腔600，然后通过滤网420过滤后流入滤水腔700，再从出水管230排出。应该注意的，因为过滤器100的进水管220和出水管230位于同一端，因此液体在过滤流动过程中，如果滤芯骨架410上的开孔均匀分布，则靠近出水口一端处，滤网420内外的液体压差比较大，因此该处的滤网420的使用率越高，污垢也就积累的越快速，由此容易出现滤网420局部阻塞的问题。对此问题，本申请通过对滤芯骨架410进行改进而进行解决。
下面对本申请保护的滤芯组件400中的滤芯骨架410进行具体阐述。
请参阅图3，图3是本申请中滤芯骨架410的结构示意图，滤芯骨架410具有滤水腔700，滤水腔700的一端呈敞口，具有该敞口的一端为滤芯骨架410的出水端411。上述所表明出水管230流体连通滤水腔700，即通过与该出水端411连接而实现。为了方便描述，定义滤芯骨架410相对两端，一端为出水端411，另一端为自由端412。
滤芯骨架410具有位于出水端411和自由端412之间开孔结构413，顾名思义，开孔结构413上开设有多个透水孔P(如图5)，并且透水孔P与滤水腔700流体连通。特别的，开孔结构413的开孔率在出水端411朝向自由端412的方向上递增，递增方式可以是连续的，也可以是阶梯式的。关于开孔率，在前述内容中已经进行了定义。下面具体列举递增的方式。
为了方便描述，特引用上、下方向，具体的上、下朝向如图4所示，其中，滤芯骨架410的出水端411位于上端。另外，同样方便描述，举例经开孔结构413在上下方向上，平均分为11层区域进行解释，各层级如图4中的相应阿拉伯数字所表示。
连续增加
1层区域至11层区域中，各层级的表面积相同，因此采用S 0代表各层级的表面积。相应的，第1层区域上的所有透水孔P的开孔面积之和用S 1表示，第2层区域上的所有透水孔P的开孔面积之和用S 2表示，……第11层区域上的所有透水孔P的开孔面积之和用S 11表示。在连续增加的情形下，S 1/S 0﹤S 2/S 0﹤……﹤S 10/S 0﹤S 11/S 0，其中，S 1/S 0与S 2/S 0的差值可以等于也可以不等于S 2/S 0与S 3/S 0的差值，依次后面各比值之间的差值之间可以相等也可以不相等。
阶梯递增
1层区域至11层区域中，各层级的表面积相同，因此采用S 0代表各层级的表面积。相应的，第1层区域上的所有透水孔P的开孔面积之和用S 1表示，第2层区域上的所有透水孔P的 开孔面积之和用S 2表示，……第11层区域上的所有透水孔P的开孔面积之和用S 11表示。在阶梯递增的情形下，可以是：S 1＝S 2＝S 3，S 4＝S 5＝S 6，S 7＝S 8＝S 9，S 10＝S 11，同时S 1+S 2+S 3/3S 0﹤S 4+S 5+S 6/3S 0﹤S 7+S 8+S 9/3S 0﹤S 1+S 2+S 3/3S 0。也可以是：S 1＝S 2＝S 3，S 4＝S 5＝S 6，S 7＝S 8＝S 9，S 10＝S 11，同时S 1+S 2+S 3/3S 0﹤S 4+S 5+S 6/3S 0＝S 7+S 8+S 9/3S 0＝S 1+S 2+S 3/3S 0。还可以是：S 1＝S 2＝S 3，S 4＝S 5＝S 6，S 7＝S 8＝S 9，S 10＝S 11，同时S 1+S 2+S 3/3S 0＝S 4+S 5+S 6/3S 0＝S 7+S 8+S 9/3S 0﹤S 1+S 2+S 3/3S 0等。该处只列举部分关系式，其余简单的比值关系替换均属于本申请的保护范围。
具体举例阶梯递增设置方式的结构进行解释，请参阅图6，图6是滤芯结构的一实施方式的结构示意图。将该实施例中的开孔结构413在上下方向上分为第一开孔部423和第二开孔部433，第一开孔部423位于第二开孔部433的上端。其中，为了方便加工，设置第一开孔部423的各透水孔P的孔面积相等，所述第二开孔部433的各透水孔P的孔面积相等。当中，为了保证第二开孔部433的开孔率大于第一开孔部423的开孔面积，可以相应调节第一开孔部423(或第二开孔部433)的开孔的孔面积和/或开孔数量等。
进一步的，同样为了方便加工成型，设置第一开孔部423以及所述第二开孔部433的所有透水孔P在开孔结构413上呈矩阵排布。矩阵排布还存在优点，保证滤芯骨架410各部位的受理均匀，提高滤芯骨架410的支撑强度，避免局部容易损坏的问题。当然，为了保证第二开孔部433的开孔率大于第一开孔部423的开孔面积，因此设置第一开孔部423的透水孔P的孔面积小于第二开孔部433的透水孔P的孔面积。
以上所限定的第一开孔部423和第二开孔部433的结构长度如下，优选第一开孔部423占所述滤芯骨架410长度的1/4～2/5，优选第二开孔部433占所述滤芯骨架410长度的2/5～1/2。例如，当第一开孔部423占所述滤芯骨架410长度的1/4时，第二开孔部433占所述滤芯骨架410长度的1/2；当第一开孔部423占所述滤芯骨架410长度的2/5时，第二开孔部433也占所述滤芯骨架410长度的2/5等。
以上所述的透水孔P，不限定开孔类型，可以是圆形孔，矩形孔，三角孔，多边形孔或异性孔等。透水孔P可以是常规的通孔，也可以是扩口通孔，或者缩口通孔等。在图6中，的透水孔P为圆孔，第二开孔部433的透水孔P为矩形孔。第一开孔部423开设圆孔，为了易加工，并且孔径比较小，孔间隙比较大，不用考虑开孔后该部分的架构强度，因此圆形孔可满足。第二开孔部433开设的是方形孔，因为第二开孔部433的开孔比较大，孔间距相对小，因此考虑到该开孔部分的架构强度，方形孔之间的规则连接柱起到的支撑强度相对较高，因此满足该部分的架构强度。
进一步的，为了提高滤芯骨架410的整体支撑强度，如图3和图5所示，在透水孔P的周边设置有凸筋414，以起到加强作用。另外，滤网420被支撑在滤芯骨架410的外周，因此，通过凸筋414的设置，可以间隔滤网420和滤芯骨架410，便于液体的穿流。
相对于圆形孔，凸筋414设置位置可以是绕圆形孔设置，也可以设置在圆形孔的上边、下边、侧边或者相互结合。相对于方形孔，可以设置在方形孔的上边、下边、侧边或者相互结合等。
长条凸筋414时，凸筋414的延伸方向可以垂直于上下方向，或者平行于上下方向，或者与上下方向具有一定夹角。凸筋414还可以设置折线形、网格形或波浪形。凸筋414之间可以是相互连续的，也可以是相互分隔的。各个凸筋414的凸起高度可以是全部相同的，也可以是部分相同的。
过滤器100使用过程中，由于滤芯组件400的进出水管均设置在过滤器100的上方，越靠近出水端411处的液体流速越大，因此滤网420内外两侧的压差，在越靠近出水端411的地方，压差值越大，而在越远离出水端411处的滤网420的内外压差值较小。因此，在滤芯骨架410各处压差值相异较大的前提下，本申请技术方案提供的滤芯骨架410中，通过改变开孔率，设置越远离出水端411处的区域透水面积开设越大。因此，降低靠近出水 端411处的压差，同时，相对提高远离出水端411处的压差。进而，减小滤芯骨架410各处的压差值的大小差异，有效提高滤网420的整体使用效率，避免出现局部堵塞的问题。
从净化的角度对滤芯骨架410再作改进，请参阅图3或图7，滤芯骨架410的自由端412设置有安装位415，安装位415用来安装磁性构件(图中未标示)。磁性构件在过滤出器滤水过程中，对滤水腔700内的滤水中的金属物质进行吸附，例如铁、钴、镍等物质，由此提高过滤质量。
安装位415呈容置槽设置，容置槽横贯在滤芯骨架410的自由端412，磁性构件直接穿入安装位415内，然后通过外面包裹的滤网420进行限位，防止掉出。当然，也可以设置磁性构件过盈配合地插入安装位415内部。该安装方式简单，方便磁性构件的安装同时，还方便后期的拆卸清洁及更换等。
另外值得说明，容置槽在横贯方向上，可以只有一端敞口，另一端封闭。另外，容置槽可以贯通滤水腔700，也可以与滤水腔700分隔。
进一步的，为了进一步提升过滤效果，在滤芯骨架410的滤水腔700内放置有阻垢物质或者其它功能原料如亚硫酸钙等。
请参阅图8至10，在一实施例中，所述铜头组件200包括：安装盖210，所述安装盖210上安装有进水管220和出水管230，其中，所述滤芯组件400可安装在所述铜头组件200和滤瓶300形成的容置腔内，并将所述容置腔分为进水腔600和位于所述滤芯骨架410内的滤水腔700，所述铜头组件200的进水管220与进水腔600流体连通，所述铜头组件200的出水管230与滤水腔700流体连通。
在一实施例中，所述过滤器还包括：
传感器组件，包括装设于所述进水管220和/或所述出水管230内的流量测量元件40；原水通过所述进水管220进入所述空腔内，原水在流经所述滤芯组件400时，所述滤芯组件400对原水进行过滤，生成净水，净水通过所述出水管230输出到所述过滤器的外部。
所述流量测量元件40用于对流经所述进水管220和/或所述出水管230的水进行流量检测，所述流量测量元件40可以为对所述进水管220的原水进行流量检测，也可以为对所述出水管230的净水进行流量检测，也可以同时检测所述进水管220的原水和所述出水管230的净水。
由于所述流量测量元件40被安装在所述进水管220和/或所述出水管230内，可以实现与所述过滤器的集成设计，用户不需要单独购买流量测量元件40与所述购过滤器进行组装，所述流量测量元件40仅需要与所述过滤器的进水管220和/或出水管230组合，所述用水设备仅需要与所述过滤器相匹配，进而可以简化用户的组装步骤，提高安装效率，并且有助于降低安装成本。
由于所述流量测量元件40可以直接与所述过滤器整体进行组装，在将所述过滤器安装在热水器等用水设备上时，所述流量检测元件不需要占用所述用水设备的内部空间，进而可以提升所述用水设备的空间利用率。
所述流量测量元件40可以为流量传感器，如霍尔流量计，或其他流量计，所述流量测量元件40与所述进水管220和/或所述出水管230的组装方式，可以根据所述流量传感器的选型来确定，不再赘述。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，与前述实施例不同的是，所述传感器组件为装设于所述进水管220和/或所述出水管230内的温度测量元件50，所述温度测量元件50可以为温度传感器。
在制作所述过滤器时，可以将所述温度测量元件50安装在所述进水管220上，用于检测输入用水设备的原水的温度，也可以装设在所述出水管230上，用于检测经过过滤的净水的温度，也可以同时在所述进水管220和所述出水管230上同时设置所述温度测量元件50。
在本申请的再一个实施例中，与前述实施例不同的是，所述进水管220和/或所述出水管230上同时安装有所述流量测量元件40和所述温度测量元件50。
所述过滤器可以为前置过滤器，即，装设于所述用水设备的进水管上，当所述流量测量元件40检测到流量超出预设阈值，或所述温度测量元件50检测到温度超出预设阈值时，可以通过外部控制器控制所述进水管220或所述出水管230关闭，以使所述用水设备的进水管关闭，进而防止所述用水设备超出预设状况运行。
在本申请的一个实施例中，当所述传感器组件包括流量测量元件40时，所述流量测量元件40为磁性转子，所述磁性转子用于产生随水流的流量大小变化而对应变化的磁场信号。通过采用磁性转子，能够产生随流量变化的磁场信号，可以利用其它元件对该磁场信号接收读取，便能根据磁场的变化识别计算出进水管220和/或出水管230内的流量，从而得知本实例提供的过滤器的进水和/或出水量。
由于磁场信号可以不需要通过实体电线进行连接便能够接受和发送，可以避免在本实施例上开孔或开槽来布置信号传输线，保证了本实施例的稳定性和密封性能，另外，由于前置过滤器的工作环境一般为弱磁场环境，因此，通过磁场信号传输流量信息，效率高，同时不会被干扰，另外磁性转子采用永磁体，可以需要向测量元件供电便实现流量测量，降低了本实施例的工作能耗，节约能源。
本实施例中可选地，所述磁性转子包括；外骨架41，装设于所述进水管220和/或所述出水管230内；叶轮42，可转动地装设于所述外骨架41内，所述叶轮42用于在水流带动下转动，以产生随水流的流量大小变化而对应变化的磁场信号。当所述流量测量元件40装设于所述进水管220内时，所述外骨架41装设于所述进水管220内，当所述流量测量元件40装设于所述出水管230内时，所述外骨架41装设于所述出水管230内。
所述外骨架41外壁与所述进水管220或所述出水管230的内壁相连接，所述外骨架41内部中空，所述叶轮42可转动地装设于所述外骨架41的中空结构内。
当水流通过所述外骨架41内部空间流动时，水流带动所述叶轮42转动，所述叶轮42转动过程中，产生随水流的流量大小变化而对应变化的磁场信号，可以同外部控制器接收所述磁场信号，外部控制器根据所述磁场信号的强度判定是否关闭所述进水管220或出水管230关闭。
进一步可选地，所述流量测量元件40还包括：霍尔元件43，装设于所述滤瓶300上，所述霍尔元件43与所述磁性转子对应，用于接收所述磁性转子的磁场信号。所述霍尔元件43与所述磁性转子相匹配，当所述叶轮42随着水流转动时，所述霍尔元件43接收所述磁性转子产生的磁场信号，可以将外部控制器与所述霍尔元件43电性连接，当外部控制器接收到所述霍尔元件43发送的电性号时，判断是否触发关闭所述进水管220或所述出水管230。在安装时，可以将所述霍尔元件43可拆卸地装设于所述滤瓶300上，以方便所述霍尔元件43的安装。
为了提高过滤效率，本实施例中可选地，所述滤水腔700和/或所述进水腔600内设有磁化元件30，所述磁化元件30用于磁性吸附水中的杂质，如铁屑等，以提高过滤效率，减少杂质在所述滤芯组件400上附着造成所述滤芯组件400过滤效率降低的问题。
在安装时，可以在所述滤水腔700内设置所述磁化元件30，也可以在所述进水腔600内设置所述磁化元件30，也可以同时在所述滤水腔700和所述进水腔600内安装所述磁化元件30。
请参阅图11，在本申请的一个实施例中，滤瓶300内部形成空腔，所述滤瓶的一端具有开口；安装盖210，装设于所述滤瓶300的开口侧，以使所述空腔封闭，所述进水管220和所述出水管230设于所述安装盖210上，所述滤芯骨架410的一端可与所述安装盖210相连接，所述滤芯骨架410的另一端抵接在所述滤瓶300远离所述安装盖210的一端。所述滤瓶300形成所述过滤器的主体滤瓶300结构，所述滤瓶300具有所述开口，用于安装 所述安装盖210，当所述安装盖210安装在所述开口上时，所述滤瓶300呈封闭状态，此时水流仅能够通过所述进水管220进入所述空腔内，或通过所述出水管230由所述空腔输出。
通过设置所述安装盖210，能够方便所述滤瓶300的组装，便于安装和更换所述滤芯组件，进而方便用户对所述过滤器进行定期维护。
所述滤瓶设置有开口的一端为其开口部，与所述开口部相对的一端为所述滤瓶的底部，当所述滤芯骨架410安装在所述空腔内时，所述滤芯骨架410的一端通过所述安装盖210进行连接固定，所述滤芯骨架410的另一端通过所述滤瓶的底部相连接固定，以使所述滤芯组件保持稳定状态，进而避免水流过程中所述滤芯组件产生移位而造成的滤芯组件400失效的问题。
当设置有所述磁化元件30时，可以将所述磁化元件30设置在所述滤瓶的底部，可以使所述磁化元件30设置在所述滤水腔700内，通过所述滤芯骨架410抵接在所述滤瓶的底部，也可以将所述磁化元件30套设在所述滤芯组件400远离所述安装盖210一端的端部，以使所述磁化元件30位于所述进水腔600内。
为了方便所述滤芯组件400的安装，本实施例中可选地，所述滤瓶内设有网盖500，所述网盖500设于所述滤芯骨架410与所述安装盖210之间，所述滤芯骨架410的一端与所述网盖500相连接固定；所述网盖500上设有用于连通所述滤水腔700的过滤孔15，所述网盖500的外部设有过滤格栅16，所述过滤格栅16伸入所述进水腔600并抵接在所述滤瓶的内壁上，相邻的所述格栅16之间形成用于连通所述进水腔600的水流通道17。所述网盖500与所述安装盖210相连接，当所述滤芯骨架410与所述网盖500相连接时，所述滤芯骨架410通过所述网盖500固定在所述安装盖210上。
以所述滤水腔700与所述进水管220相连通，所述进水腔600与所述出水管230相连通为例，原水经由所述进水管220进入所述安装盖210内部，并经由所述过滤孔15进入所述滤水腔700；经过所述滤网420过滤产生的净水进入所述进水腔600，并经由所述水流通道17流向所述安装盖210上的所述出水管230并输出。
通过设置所述网盖500，能够方便实现所述滤芯骨架410的安装，以使所述滤芯骨架410与所述安装盖210快速匹配；同时水流同所述过滤孔15和所述水流通道17时，能够进行过滤，以进一步去除水中的杂质，提高过滤效率。
本申请在上述过滤器的基础上，提出一种水路控制系统的实施例。
所述水路控制系统包括处理器、水路开断执行器和上述任一实施例中所述的过滤器，所述处理器分别与所述水路开断执行器和过滤器电性连接。所述处理器用于接收所述传感器组件的信号，并向所述水路开断执行器发送控制信号，以实现水路控制。
本申请在上述过滤器的基础上，提出一种热水器的实施例。
请参阅图12，所述热水器包括上述任一实施例中所述的过滤器，所述过滤器可以装设于所述热水器的进水管上，形成前置式过滤器，也可以装设于所述热水器的出水管上，形成后置式过滤器。
所述热水器也可以包括上述所述的水路控制系统，通过设置所述水路控制系统，实现对热水器的进水控制，防止热水器的外接水源断水时，热水器内的水量下降造成干烧。
所述传感器组件可以与所述热水器控制器电性连接，以通过所述热水器接收所述传感器组件的电性信号，进而提高所述热水器的控制精度。
请参阅图13，所述热水器包括：热水器主体60，装设有进水管61和出水管62；所述过滤器装设于所述进水管61上；外罩64，形成有一侧开口的容纳腔，所述过滤器装设于所述容纳腔内，所述容纳腔的开口侧与所述热水器主体60相连接，以将所述容纳腔封闭。所述过滤器用于对由所述进水管61输入所述热水器主体60的水进行过滤。
所述进水管61和所述过滤器之间可以设置转接头65，所述转接头65具有输入端口651和输出端口652，所述输入端口651与所述输出端口652不同轴设置；所述转接头65设于所述出水管上，所述输入端口651与所述出水管相连接。所述转接头65为中空管状结构，所述转接头65用于连接所述过滤器和所述进水管61。
所述输入端口651和所述输出端口652为所述转接头65的液体入口和出口，由于所述输入端口651和所述输出端口652不同轴设置，在安装时，可以根据用热水器的进水管61，选取不同角度的所述转接头65，以通过所述转接头65调整所述过滤器的入水或出水角度，进而可以根据所述热水器的进水管61设计来调整所述过滤器的角度，实现不同角度、不同方位的安装，以使所述热水器主体60的外接管路实现隐藏式设置。
本实施例中可选地，所述转接头65的输入端口651与所述转接的输出端口652的轴线在水平面的投影相垂直或相交为一定夹角，以实现改变所述热水器的水流方向。所述输入端口651的轴线与所述输出端口652的轴线可以为相互垂直设置，以使所述转接头65整体呈90°弯折的进水和出水方向，也可以选取其他角度。
所述热水器主体60具有滤瓶，所述滤瓶内部还可以包括其他结构，如内胆63及设置在内胆63内部的加热组件、温度计等，也可以在所述滤瓶与所述内胆63之间设置隔热层，其安装方式可以参考现有技术，不再赘述。所述进水管61连接所述内胆63，用于向所述内胆63内输入冷水，所述出水管62连接所述内胆63，用于将经过加热的水输出到所述热水器主体60的外部。
所述外罩64具有向内凹的部位，以形成所述容纳腔，由于所述过滤器被安装在所述容纳腔内，在将所述过滤器安装在所述进水管61，所述外罩64包覆在所述过滤器的外部，从所述热水器的外观上不能看到所述过滤器，进而能够有助于提升整体结构的美观性和热水器使用的安全性。由于所述过滤器设置在所述热水器的外部，所述过滤器不占用所述热水器的内部空间，进而可以方便扩大所述热水器的内胆63容量，提高所述热水器的容积。
所述过滤器的滤瓶可以部分伸出所述外罩64的外部，以使用户可以在所述过滤器的外部直接观察所述过滤介质的使用状态，为了方便观察，可以在所述滤瓶上设置可视区域，如将所述滤瓶采用透明材质制成，或采用部分透明材质制成所述滤瓶。在将所述滤瓶与所述安装盖可拆卸连接时，用户可以直接从所述外罩64的外部观察到所述过滤介质的使用状态，并直接在不拆卸所述热水器主体60的前提下，实现所述过滤介质的更换。
请参阅图14，为了方便控制所述热水器的出水温度，可以在所述外罩64内设置恒温阀66，可以采用电子恒温阀66，以实现对所述热水器出水温度的精确控制。所述过滤器过滤产生的净水，部分进入所述热水器主体60的进水管61，部分进入所述恒温阀66的冷水管道，所述热水器加热产生的热水，进入所述恒温阀66的热水管道。
当所述热水器设置有所述温度测量元件时，可以实时检测到所述恒温阀66的冷水温度，同时在所述恒温阀66的热水入口上设置温度传感器，进而可以实现输入所述恒温阀66的冷水和热水温度的精确检测，方便所述恒温阀66的出水温度的精确控制。
请参阅图15，为了方便用户操作，可以在所述外罩64内设置混水阀67，所述过滤器过滤产生的净水，部分进入所述热水器的进水管61，部分进入所述混水阀67的冷水管道，所述热水器主体60加热产生热水进入所述混水阀67的热水管道，经过所述混水阀67混合输出形成温水。
以上所述仅为本申请的可选实施例，并非因此限制本申请的专利范围，凡是在本申请的发明构思下，利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本申请的专利保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种滤芯组件，所述滤芯组件包括滤芯骨架，所述滤芯骨架具有滤水腔，所述滤水腔的一端为出水端，其中，所述滤芯骨架具有相邻所述出水端的开孔结构，所述开孔结构上贯设有多个连通所述滤水腔的透水孔；
    其中，在远离所述出水端的朝向上，所述开孔结构的开孔率连续增加或者阶梯递增。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的滤芯组件，其中，在远离所述出水端的朝向上，所述开孔结构的开孔率阶梯递增。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的滤芯组件，其中，所述开孔结构包括靠近所述出水端的第一开孔部，以及远离所述出水端的第二开孔部；
    所述第一开孔部的各透水孔的孔面积相等，所述第二开孔部的各透水孔的孔面积相等。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的滤芯组件，其中，所述第一开孔部以及所述第二开孔部的透水孔呈矩阵排布而设置在所述开孔结构上；
    所述第一开孔部的透水孔的孔面积小于所述第二开孔部的透水孔的孔面积。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的滤芯组件，其中，所述第一开孔部的透水孔为圆孔，所述第二开孔部的透水孔为矩形孔。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的滤芯组件，其中，所述第一开孔部占所述滤芯骨架长度的1/4～2/5，所述第二开孔部占所述滤芯骨架长度的2/5～1/2。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的滤芯组件，其中，所述透水孔的周边设置有凸筋。
  8. 如权利要求1至7任意一项所述的滤芯组件，其中，所述滤芯骨架的相对所述出水端的另一端安装有磁性构件。
  9. 如权利要求1至7任意一项所述的滤芯组件，其中，所述滤芯骨架的滤水腔内容置有阻垢物质。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的滤芯组件，其中，所述滤芯组件还包括滤网，所述滤网设置在所述滤芯骨架的外周。
  11. 一种过滤器，其中，所述过滤器包括铜头组件、滤瓶、网盖，以及如权利要求1至10任意一项所述的滤芯组件。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的过滤器，其中，所述铜头组件包括：安装盖，所述安装盖上安装有进水管和出水管，
    所述过滤器还包括：
    传感器组件，包括装设于所述进水管和/或所述出水管内的流量测量元件；
    和/或，装设于所述进水管和/或所述出水管内的温度测量元件。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的过滤器，其特征在于，当所述传感器组件包括流量测量元件时，所述流量测量元件为磁性转子，所述磁性转子用于产生随水流的流量大小变化而对应变化的磁场信号。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的过滤器，其特征在于，所述磁性转子包括；
    外骨架，装设于所述进水管和/或所述出水管内；
    叶轮，可转动地装设于所述外骨架内，所述叶轮用于在水流带动下转动，以产生随水流的流量大小变化而对应变化的磁场信号。
  15. 如权利要求13所述的过滤器，其特征在于，所述流量测量元件还包括：
    霍尔元件，装设于所述滤瓶上，所述霍尔元件与所述磁性转子对应，用于接收所述磁性转子的磁场信号。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的过滤器，其特征在于，所述霍尔元件可拆卸地装设于所述滤瓶上。
  17. 如权利要求12所述的过滤器，其中，所述滤芯组件安装在所述铜头组件和滤瓶形成的容置腔内，并将所述容置腔分为进水腔和位于所述滤芯骨架内的滤水腔，所述铜头组件的进水管与进水腔流体连通，所述铜头组件的出水管与滤水腔流体连通。
  18. 如权利要求11所述的过滤器，其中，所述网盖设于所述滤芯骨架与所述安装盖之间，所述滤芯骨架的一端与所述网盖相连接固定；
    所述网盖上设有用于连通所述滤水腔的过滤孔，所述网盖的外部设有过滤格栅，所述过滤格栅伸入所述进水腔并抵接在所述滤瓶的内壁上，相邻的所述格栅之间形成用于连通所述进水腔的水流通道。
  19. 一种水路控制系统，其中，包括处理器、水路开断执行器和权利要求1-10任意一项的过滤器，所述处理器分别与所述水路开断执行器和过滤器电性连接。
  20. 一种热水器，其中，包括如权利要求11所述的过滤器或如权利要求19所述的水路控制系统。
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