WO2021190422A1 - 扩展现实数据传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

扩展现实数据传输方法及装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021190422A1
WO2021190422A1 PCT/CN2021/081935 CN2021081935W WO2021190422A1 WO 2021190422 A1 WO2021190422 A1 WO 2021190422A1 CN 2021081935 W CN2021081935 W CN 2021081935W WO 2021190422 A1 WO2021190422 A1 WO 2021190422A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
extended reality
xqi
data
network
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/081935
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
窦圣跃
魏岳军
唐臻飞
周国华
李拟珺
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP21776861.3A priority Critical patent/EP4099594A4/en
Publication of WO2021190422A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021190422A1/zh
Priority to US17/931,529 priority patent/US20240187486A2/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/131—Protocols for games, networked simulations or virtual reality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0015—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy
    • H04L1/0017—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy where the mode-switching is based on Quality of Service requirement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/20—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector
    • H04L1/203—Details of error rate determination, e.g. BER, FER or WER
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5009—Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5061—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements characterised by the interaction between service providers and their network customers, e.g. customer relationship management
    • H04L41/5067—Customer-centric QoS measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H04L5/0055—Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
    • H04L1/1671—Details of the supervisory signal the supervisory signal being transmitted together with control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0847—Transmission error
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an extended reality data transmission method and device.
  • extended reality (XR) technology In wireless communication networks, extended reality (XR) technology has the advantages of multiple perspectives and strong interactivity, which can provide users with a brand-new visual experience, and has great application value and commercial potential.
  • XR includes technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), and can be widely used in entertainment, games, medical care, advertising, industry, online education, and Engineering and many other fields.
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • the transmission of XR data in the network has real-time and high-speed requirements, and measuring whether these requirements are met generally depends on user experience.
  • the user's experience of XR data network transmission is a user's subjective feeling, and it is impossible to accurately measure the objective impact of XR data during network transmission, and thus cannot systematically help network operators to optimize the network for XR data. Therefore, how to systematically and objectively measure the impact of XR data in network transmission, so as to guide network design, and guide network operators to optimize the network for XR data, has become an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for transmitting extended reality data.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be executed by a terminal, a network device, a server, or a centralized controller, and can also be executed by a terminal, a network device, a server, or a component of a centralized controller (such as a processor, a Chip, or chip system, etc.), including: obtaining the extended reality quality indicator (XR quanlity indicator/index, XQI) information corresponding to the target rate according to the delay information and transmission error information, and the XQI information indicates the transmission quality of the extended reality data , And communicate according to the XQI information.
  • XR quanlity indicator/index, XQI extended reality quality indicator
  • the XQI information corresponding to the target rate can also be understood as the XQI indicated by the XQI information corresponding to the target rate. According to the delay information and the transmission error information, the XQI information corresponding to the target rate is obtained. It can also be understood that there is a corresponding relationship between the XQI and the delay size indicated by the delay information and the transmission error rate indicated by the transmission error information.
  • the communication based on the XQI information may be the output of the XQI information, or the transmission or reception of XR data based on the XQI information.
  • this method can systematically evaluate the objective impact of XR data in network transmission, thereby guiding network design and guiding network operators to respond to the needs of XR data.
  • the network is maintained and optimized.
  • the delay information includes packet delay budget (PDB) information and/or delay jitter information.
  • PDB packet delay budget
  • the delay jitter information indicates the change of the delay.
  • the delay information further includes packet average delay information and/or delay variance information.
  • the average delay information indicates the delay or the average value of the PDB over a period of time.
  • the delay variance information indicates the variance of the delay.
  • the transmission error information includes packet error rate (PER) information, block error rate (BLER) information, retransmission information, average packet loss rate information, burst packet loss rate information, or One or more of the first packet response time information.
  • PER packet error rate
  • BLER block error rate
  • retransmission information indicates the ratio of the number of erroneously received data packets to the total number of received data packets.
  • the BLER information indicates the ratio of the number of data blocks received in error to the total number of data blocks received.
  • the retransmission information may, for example, indicate the number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmissions, or the acknowledgement (ACK) or negative acknowledgement (NACK) information reported by the terminal device to the base station.
  • HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • NACK negative acknowledgement
  • the average packet loss rate information may indicate the rate of packet loss in a period of time.
  • the burst packet loss rate information may indicate the packet loss rate during the period from the beginning to the end of the burst service.
  • the first packet response time information may indicate the time from when the first packet is sent to when an acknowledgement (acknowledgement, ACK) for this packet is received.
  • the target rate includes the source rate of the XR data and/or the network transmission rate.
  • the source rate of XR data can be understood as the data rate of the XR video source and/or audio source, and can also be understood as the data output rate of the XR video source and/or audio source at the source end.
  • the network transmission rate can be understood as the transmission rate of data in the access network.
  • the value range of the XQI has a corresponding relationship with the transmission quality of the XR data and/or the user experience of the XR service.
  • the user’s experience of the XR service can be evaluated, for example, by one or more of the following indicators: picture clarity, picture fluency, picture distortion, picture three-dimensionality, picture black edges, picture smearing, sound quality, sound effects, visual Field angle, stuttering, blurry screen, dizziness, audio and video synchronization, interactive freedom, interactive operation response speed, interactive operation accuracy, or content loading speed.
  • XQI can be used to better reflect the user's subjective experience of XR data, which can guide operators to optimize the network transmission of XR data in a more targeted manner based on user experience.
  • the XQI information corresponds to the first extended reality data stream and the second extended reality data stream, where the XQI information includes the first XQI information and the second XQI information, and the first XQI information corresponds to the first extended reality data stream,
  • the second XQI information corresponds to the second extended reality data stream.
  • the XQI contained in the XQI information corresponds to the first extended reality data stream and the second extended reality data stream, where the XQI includes the first XQI and the second XQI, and the first XQI corresponds to the first extended reality data stream.
  • the second XQI corresponds to the second extended reality data stream.
  • the first extended reality data stream and the second extended reality data stream may be one of the following situations:
  • the first extended reality data stream includes an extended reality basic layer data stream
  • the second extended reality data stream includes an extended reality augmented layer data stream.
  • the extended reality base layer data stream and the extended reality enhancement layer data stream may be an extended reality data stream obtained by encoding XR source data
  • the encoding may be, for example, high efficiency video coding (HEVC) or scalable HEVC extension coding (scalability extension of HEVC, SHVC), or other video coding methods that can distinguish different data streams, is not limited in the present invention.
  • the first extended reality data stream includes an extended reality field of view (field of view, FOV) data stream
  • the second extended reality data stream includes an extended reality outside FOV data stream.
  • the data stream within the extended reality FOV and the data stream outside the extended reality FOV may be the extended reality data stream obtained by performing FOV source encoding on the source data of the XR.
  • FOV source coding can divide XR source data into an inner part of the view and an outer part, where the inner part of the view corresponds to the above-mentioned extended reality FOV data stream, and the outside part of the view corresponds to the above-mentioned extended reality outside FOV data stream.
  • extended reality data with different transmission requirements can be differentiated, and different extended reality data streams with relatively high priority and extended reality data streams with relatively low priority can be used differently.
  • the transmission strategy can use limited network resources to complete the more efficient transmission of XR data.
  • the XQI information (or the XQI indicated by the XQI information) is obtained according to the source rate of the XR data, the network transmission rate, the delay information, and the transmission error information. For example, when the network transmission rate is greater than or equal to the source rate of XR data, XQI is obtained based on delay information and transmission error information; when the network transmission rate is less than the source rate of XR data, based on network transmission rate, delay information and transmission error Information gets XQI.
  • the capacity information can also be obtained according to the XQI information and the target rate.
  • the capacity information includes terminal capacity information and/or network capacity information.
  • the above terminal capacity information can be understood as the equivalent capacity of the terminal at a given target rate.
  • the above network capacity information can be understood as the equivalent capacity of the network when all terminals in the network are considered.
  • the distribution of XQI of the terminal or user may also be calculated for the terminal or user included in the network, for example, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of XQI , And then measure the performance of the network to support XR services.
  • CDF cumulative distribution function
  • the proportion of terminals or users corresponding to a certain XQI can be obtained.
  • the larger the XQI the better the user experience. If the proportion of terminals or users corresponding to a large XQI is higher, it means that the network supports the XR service better. If the proportion of terminals or users corresponding to the small XQI is higher, it means that the network supports the XR service worse.
  • Obtaining the above-mentioned capacity information through the XQI information and the target rate can quantitatively evaluate the overall capacity of the network, thereby guiding the network operator to adapt the network resources according to the capacity requirements of the XR data, so as to use the network resources more efficiently.
  • the first evaluation information and the second evaluation information can also be obtained, and the third evaluation information can be obtained according to the XQI information, the first evaluation information, and the second evaluation information.
  • the first evaluation information indicates the source quality of the XR data
  • the second evaluation information indicates the ability to process XR data
  • the third evaluation information indicates the user experience of the XR service end-to-end process.
  • the end-to-end process includes the generation of XR data, XR data transmission and processing of XR data.
  • the source quality of XR data can be used to evaluate one or more of the following indicators of XR video source and/or audio source: image quality content, image quality clarity, image fluency, image three-dimensionality, image distortion, frame rate, Audio quality, or rendering effect.
  • the ability to process XR data can be used, for example, to evaluate the ability of the XR terminal to process and/or display XR data, such as the supported FOV angle and/or refresh rate.
  • the ability to process XR data can also be used, for example, to evaluate one or more of the XR terminal's endurance capability, wearing comfort, wearing fatigue, portability, or sight-impaired friendliness.
  • the user experience of the end-to-end process of the XR service can be obtained by integrating the evaluation information of the data source, terminal and transmission pipeline of the XR service. Carry out maintenance and optimization to meet the needs of XR business.
  • the data type can also be determined to be extended reality data.
  • Obtaining the XQI information corresponding to the target rate according to the delay information and the transmission error information can be specifically implemented as follows: According to the data type, it is determined to obtain the XQI information corresponding to the target rate according to the delay information and the transmission error information, and the XQI information indicates extended reality. The quality of data transmission.
  • data type information can be obtained, and the data type is determined to be extended reality data according to the data type information.
  • the data type information may indicate that the data type is extended reality data.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • UCI uplink control information
  • the data type information may be determined as extended reality data according to the configuration information of the core network.
  • the data type of the data may be determined as extended reality data according to the business characteristics of the data.
  • the data type is extended reality data
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, which can be executed by a terminal, a network device, a server, or a centralized controller, and can also be executed by a terminal, a network device, a server, or a component of a centralized controller (such as a processor, Chip, or chip system, etc.) execution includes: determining the data type as extended reality data, and reporting XQI information or reporting XQI-related information according to the above data type.
  • the information related to XQI includes PDB information related to extended reality data, delay jitter information, average delay information, delay variance information, PER information, BLER information, retransmission information, average packet loss rate information, One or more of burst packet loss rate information or first packet response time information.
  • the XQI information to be reported may be obtained according to the delay information and the transmission error information before the XQI information is reported.
  • the above methods and implementations report the XQI information related to the extended reality data or the parameter information required to obtain the XQI after knowing that the data type is the extended reality data, so that the XQI-based transmission of the extended reality data can be carried out in a more targeted manner.
  • Quality measurement and evaluation can guide network design based on XR data, and guide network operators to maintain and optimize the network based on XR data requirements.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device that can implement the foregoing first aspect or the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the device includes corresponding units or components for performing the above-mentioned methods.
  • the units included in the device can be implemented in software and/or hardware.
  • the device may be, for example, a terminal, a network device, a server, or a centralized controller, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that can support a terminal, a network device, a server, or a centralized controller to implement the foregoing method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device that can implement the foregoing second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • the device includes corresponding units or components for performing the above-mentioned methods.
  • the units included in the device can be implemented in software and/or hardware.
  • the device may be, for example, a terminal, a network device, a server, or a centralized controller, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that can support a terminal, a network device, a server, or a centralized controller to implement the foregoing method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device, including: a processor, the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, The device is enabled to implement the method described in the foregoing first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device, including a processor, the processor is coupled to a memory, and the memory is used to store a program or instruction, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, The device is enabled to implement the method described in the foregoing second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program or instruction is stored.
  • the computer program or instruction When the computer program or instruction is executed, the computer executes the first aspect or any one of the first aspects. The method described in the embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program or instruction is stored.
  • the computer executes the second aspect or any one of the second aspects described above. The method described in the embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect. The method described in the method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned second aspect or any possible implementation of the second aspect The method described in the method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, including: a processor, the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a program or an instruction, when the program or an instruction is executed by the processor , So that the chip implements the method described in the foregoing first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, including: a processor, the processor is coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a program or an instruction, when the program or an instruction is executed by the processor , So that the chip implements the method described in the second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applied by an embodiment provided by this application;
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of an example architecture of a communication system
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of four business requirements
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 show schematic diagrams of several system frameworks applicable to the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 7A, FIG. 7B, and FIG. 8-9 show schematic flowcharts of several communication methods provided by embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication system.
  • the communication system 100 includes one or more network devices (the network device 110 and the network device 120 are shown in the figure), and one or more terminals that communicate with the one or more network devices.
  • the terminal 114 and the terminal 118 shown in FIG. 1 communicate with the network device 110, and the terminal 124 and the terminal 128 shown in FIG. 1 communicate with the network device 120.
  • network devices and terminals may also be referred to as communication devices.
  • the technology described in the embodiments of the present invention can be used in various communication systems, such as the fourth generation (4G) communication system, 4.5G communication system, 5G communication system, a system that integrates multiple communication systems, or a communication system that will evolve in the future (For example, 6G communication system).
  • 4G fourth generation
  • 5G communication system a system that integrates multiple communication systems
  • 6G communication system a communication system that will evolve in the future
  • LTE long term evolution
  • NR new radio
  • WiFi wireless-fidelity
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • FIG 2 shows a schematic diagram of an example of a possible architecture of a communication system.
  • the network equipment in a radio access network includes a centralized unit (CU) and a distributed unit (distributed unit).
  • unit, DU A base station with a separate architecture (such as gNodeB or gNB).
  • the RAN can be connected to a core network (for example, it can be an LTE core network, or a 5G core network, etc.).
  • CU and DU can be understood as the division of the base station from the perspective of logical functions.
  • CU and DU can be physically separated or deployed together. Multiple DUs can share one CU.
  • One DU can also be connected to multiple CUs (not shown in the figure).
  • the CU and the DU can be connected through an interface, for example, an F1 interface.
  • CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol layer of the wireless network.
  • the functions of the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer and the radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) layer are set in the CU, while the radio link control (RLC) and media access control
  • the functions of the (media access control, MAC) layer and the physical layer are set in the DU.
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • RRC radio resource control
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • the division of CU and DU processing functions according to this protocol layer is only an example, and it can also be divided in other ways.
  • the CU or DU can be divided into functions with more protocol layers.
  • the CU or DU can also be divided into part of the processing functions with the protocol layer.
  • part of the functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer above the RLC layer are set in the CU, and the remaining functions of the RLC layer and the functions of the protocol layer below the RLC layer are set in the DU.
  • the functions of the CU or DU can also be divided according to service types or other system requirements. For example, it is divided by time delay, and the functions whose processing time needs to meet the delay requirement are set in the DU, and the functions that do not need to meet the delay requirement are set in the CU.
  • the CU 2 can be applied to a 5G communication system, and it can also share one or more components or resources with an LTE system.
  • the CU may also have one or more functions of the core network.
  • One or more CUs can be set centrally or separately.
  • the CU can be set on the network side to facilitate centralized management.
  • the DU can have multiple radio frequency functions, or the radio frequency functions can be set remotely.
  • the function of the CU can be implemented by one entity, or the control plane (CP) and the user plane (UP) can be further separated, that is, the control plane (CU-CP) and the user plane (CU-UP) of the CU can have different functions It is realized by an entity, and the CU-CP and CU-UP can be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the function of the base station.
  • the network device can be any device that has a wireless transceiver function. Including but not limited to: evolved base station in LTE (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional NodeB), base station in NR (gNodeB or gNB) or transmission receiving point/transmission reception point (TRP), 3GPP Subsequent evolution of base stations, access nodes in the WiFi system, wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, core network equipment, etc.
  • the base station can be: a macro base station, a micro base station, a pico base station, a small station, a relay station, or a balloon station, etc. Multiple base stations can support networks of the same technology mentioned above, or networks of different technologies mentioned above.
  • the base station can contain one or more co-site or non-co-site TRPs.
  • the network device may also be a server (for example, a cloud server), a wireless controller, a CU, and/or a DU in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario.
  • the network device can also be a server, a wearable device, a machine communication device, a vehicle-mounted device, or a smart screen, etc.
  • the following description takes the network device as a base station as an example.
  • the multiple network devices may be base stations of the same type, or base stations of different types.
  • the base station can communicate with the terminal equipment, and it can also communicate with the terminal equipment through the relay station.
  • the terminal device can communicate with multiple base stations of different technologies.
  • the terminal device can communicate with a base station that supports an LTE network, can also communicate with a base station that supports a 5G network, and can also support communication with a base station of an LTE network and a base station of a 5G network. Double connection.
  • a terminal is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons, etc.) And satellite class).
  • the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a VR terminal device, an AR terminal device, an MR terminal device, a terminal in an industrial control (industrial control), a vehicle-mounted terminal device, Terminals in self-driving (self-driving), terminals in assisted driving, terminals in remote medical (remote medical), terminals in smart grid (smart grid), terminals in transportation safety, smart cities ( The terminal in the smart city, the terminal in the smart home, and so on.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios.
  • Terminals can sometimes be referred to as terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), access terminal equipment, vehicle-mounted terminal, industrial control terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal equipment, mobile Equipment, UE terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, machine terminal, UE agent or UE device, etc.
  • the terminal can be fixed or mobile.
  • the terminal may be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices. It is a general term for using wearable technology to intelligently design everyday wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only a kind of hardware device, but also realize powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions that can be achieved without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and only focus on a certain type of application function, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones.
  • the terminal may be a terminal in the Internet of Things (IoT) system.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • MTC machine type communication
  • the terminal of the present application may be an in-vehicle module, an in-vehicle module, an in-vehicle component, an in-vehicle chip, or an in-vehicle unit that is built into a vehicle as one or more components or units.
  • On-board chip or on-board unit can implement the method of this application. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the Internet of Vehicles, such as vehicle to everything (V2X), long term evolution vehicle (LTE-V), and vehicle to vehicle (V2V). Wait.
  • V2X vehicle to everything
  • LTE-V long term evolution vehicle
  • V2V vehicle to vehicle
  • the terminal in this application may also be a VR terminal, an AR terminal, or an MR terminal.
  • VR terminals, AR terminals, and MR terminals can all be called XR terminals.
  • the XR terminal can be, for example, a head-mounted device (such as a helmet or glasses), an all-in-one device, or a TV, a monitor, a car, an in-vehicle device, a tablet, or a smart screen.
  • XR terminals can present XR data to users, and users can experience diversified XR services by wearing or using XR terminals.
  • the XR terminal can access the network in a wireless or wired manner, for example, access the network through a WiFi or 5G system.
  • XR technology has the advantages of multiple perspectives and strong interaction, which can provide users with a brand-new experience and has great application value and commercial potential.
  • XR includes technologies such as VR, AR, and MR, which can be widely used in entertainment, games, medical, advertising, industry, online education, and engineering and many other fields.
  • VR technology mainly refers to the rendering of visual and audio scenes to simulate the visual and audio sensory stimulation of users in the real world as much as possible.
  • VR technology usually requires users to wear XR terminals (such as head-mounted devices) to simulate vision to users And/or hearing.
  • VR technology can also track the user's actions, so as to update the simulated visual and/or auditory content in time.
  • AR technology mainly refers to the provision of visual and/or auditory additional information or artificially generated content in the real environment perceived by the user.
  • the user's acquisition of the real environment can be direct (for example, without sensing, processing, and rendering). It can also be indirect (for example, through a sensor, etc.), and further enhanced processing.
  • MR technology inserts some virtual elements into the physical scene, with the purpose of providing users with an immersive experience where these elements are part of the real scene.
  • Network devices can process and transmit data generated by XR services (which can be called XR data).
  • network devices in the cloud can render and encode XR source data (such as source coding), with the help of core network and/or access
  • the network equipment connected to the network transmits the XR data to the XR terminal.
  • XR terminals provide users with diversified XR experiences (such as immersive experience, visual experience, interactive experience, or device experience, etc.) by processing XR data.
  • XR experience has many different evaluation dimensions, for example, including one or more of the following evaluation dimensions: picture clarity, picture fluency, picture distortion, picture three-dimensionality, picture black edges, picture smearing, sound quality, sound effect, Field of view, stuttering feeling, blurry feeling, dizziness, audio and video synchronization, interactive freedom, interactive operation response speed, interactive operation accuracy, interactive content loading speed, terminal wearing comfort, terminal wearing fatigue, terminal endurance , Terminal portability, or terminal visual impairment friendliness, etc.
  • the data of the XR service includes one or more of VR data, AR data, MR data, video data, audio data, or picture data.
  • the demand for data transmission in XR services is related to enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services, massive machine type communication (mMTC) services, and ultra-reliable, low-latency communication (URLLC) )
  • eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
  • mMTC massive machine type communication
  • URLLC ultra-reliable, low-latency communication
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of four business requirements.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a triangular pyramid.
  • the four vertices of the triangular pyramid respectively represent the eMBB service, mMTC service, URLLC service, and XR service's emphasis on data transmission. Different vertices indicate that different services have different demands on data transmission.
  • the XR service can also be considered as the fourth type of service in the post 5G or 6G communication system, which can be referred to as the fourth pole service for short.
  • the eMBB service has higher requirements for data rates
  • the mMTC service has higher requirements for coverage and capacity
  • the URLLC service has higher requirements for delay and reliability.
  • the XR service has low latency and high speed requirements, and measuring whether the requirements of the XR service are met generally depends on the user experience. For example, when the transmission of XR data has a large delay or a low rate, the user may feel dizzy in terms of perception, resulting in a poor visual experience for the user.
  • the embodiment in this application provides a quality indicator method for the transmission of XR data, in which the transmission quality of the XR data is determined according to the performance parameters available on the network.
  • This method can systematically evaluate the objective influence of XR data in network transmission, thereby guiding network operators to maintain and optimize the network according to the needs of XR data.
  • MOS also called subjective average score or subjective evaluation opinion score
  • MOS is a subjective quantification method for evaluating voice quality.
  • MOS can reflect the user's subjective perception of voice quality. For example, a possible 5-point system MOS is shown in Table 1 below.
  • POLQA is a set of process-based voice quality measurement methods, which mainly use professional instruments to evaluate voice quality and obtain an assessment conclusion on voice quality.
  • VQI also known as voice quality indicator
  • voice quality indicator is a method for evaluating voice quality based on parameter estimation. It can obtain voice quality scores by calculating the main factors that affect voice quality, for example, the value of VQI can be obtained according to the frame error rate of voice data. , So as to evaluate the voice quality.
  • Video multi-method assessment fusion (video multi-method assessment fusion, VMAF)
  • VMAF also known as video multi-dimensional evaluation fusion
  • video multi-dimensional evaluation fusion can fuse multi-dimensional indicators related to the video source (such as the degree of distortion and the type of distortion, etc.), and obtain the evaluation of the video quality through machine learning or artificial intelligence algorithms.
  • VMAF can assign a certain weight to each of the multi-dimensional indicators, so as to reflect the dominant weight of each indicator in the final evaluation, so that more accurate evaluation scores can be obtained.
  • Cloud XR Cloud Extended Reality
  • Cloud XR also known as the cloudification of XR refers to the introduction of cloud computing and cloud rendering technologies into the application of XR services, and the display output and sound output of the cloud are encoded and compressed and transmitted to the XR terminal through the network.
  • Figures 4 to 6 show schematic diagrams of several system frameworks to which the embodiments of the present application are applicable.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a system network element to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a system 400 that includes a cloud server 410, a core network and an access network 420 (may be referred to as a transmission network 420 for short, such as an LTE, 5G or 6G network), and an XR terminal 430.
  • the cloud server 410 can be used to encode, decode and render XR source data
  • the transmission network 420 can be used to transmit XR data
  • the XR terminal 430 can provide users with a diversified XR experience by processing the XR data.
  • the transmission network 420 and the XR terminal 430 may also include other devices, such as other terminals (such as mobile phones, laptops, or cars, etc.) and/or network equipment (such as relays, WiFi routers, etc.). Or a WiFi access point, etc.), the XR terminal 430 obtains XR data from the transmission network 420 by means of other terminals and/or network devices.
  • the system 400 also includes a centralized controller 440.
  • the centralized controller 440 can receive/collect data from one or more of the cloud server 410, the transmission network 420, or the XR terminal 430, and can also transmit data to the cloud server 410, One or more of the network 420 or the XR terminal 430 transmits data.
  • the centralized controller 440 may be deployed independently of the cloud server 410, the transmission network 420, and the XR terminal 430, or may be deployed in the cloud server 410, the transmission network 420, or the XR terminal 430, or the centralized controller 440 may not be deployed.
  • the function of the centralized controller 440 is realized by the cloud server 410, the transmission network 420 or the XR terminal 430.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of another system network element to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a system 500 including an XR terminal 520 and other terminals 510.
  • the other terminal 510 is a terminal other than the XR terminal 520, and the other terminal 510 may be an XR terminal or a common terminal (also may be referred to as a non-XR terminal).
  • the other terminal 510 may transmit XR data to the XR terminal 520.
  • the system 500 further includes a centralized controller 530.
  • the centralized controller 530 may receive/collect data from the XR terminal 520 and/or other terminals 510, and may also send data to the XR terminal 520 and/or other terminals 510.
  • the centralized controller 530 can be deployed independently of the XR terminal 520 and other terminals 510, or it can be deployed in the XR terminal 520 or other terminals 510, and the centralized controller 530 may not be deployed but by the XR terminal 520 or other terminals. 510 realizes the function of the centralized controller 530.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of another system network element to which an embodiment of the present application is applicable.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a system 600, which includes an XR terminal 630, a WiFi router or a WiFi access point 620 (may be referred to as a WiFi device 620 for short), and other terminals 610.
  • the other terminal 610 is a terminal other than the XR terminal 630, and the other terminal 610 may be a type of XR or a common terminal (also referred to as a non-XR terminal).
  • the other terminal 610 can transmit XR data to the XR terminal 630 via the WiFi device 620.
  • the system 600 also includes a centralized controller 640.
  • the centralized controller 640 can receive/collect data from one or more of the other terminal 610, the WiFi device 620, or the XR terminal 630, and can also send data to the other terminal 610, WiFi device 620, or XR terminal 630. One or more of the device 620 or the XR terminal 630 transmits data. It can be understood that the centralized controller 640 can be deployed independently of other terminals 610, WiFi devices 620, and XR terminals 630, or can be deployed in other terminals 610, WiFi devices 620, or XR terminals 630, or the centralized controller 640 may not be deployed. The function of the centralized controller 640 is realized by the other terminal 610, the WiFi device 620 or the XR terminal 630.
  • FIG. 7A is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 700 according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a terminal (for example, an XR terminal), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the terminal to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a network device (for example, a core network device, an access network device, a WiFi router, or a WiFi access point), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the network device to implement the method.
  • the execution body of the method may be a server (for example, a cloud server), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the server to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a centralized controller, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the centralized controller to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of each part in FIG. 7A may be the same or different.
  • the method 700 of this embodiment may include part 710 and part 720:
  • Part 710 Obtain the extended reality quality indicator (XR quanlity indicator/index, XQI) information corresponding to the target rate according to the delay information and the transmission error information.
  • the XQI information indicates the XQI, and the XQI can characterize the transmission quality of the XR data.
  • the XQI information corresponding to the target rate can also be understood as the XQI indicated by the XQI information corresponding to the target rate.
  • XQI can also be called network transmission MOS, or network user experience index, etc., which is not limited in the present invention.
  • XQI characterizes the transmission quality of XR data in a network, which includes a core network and/or an access network.
  • the delay information and transmission error information can be the delay information and transmission error information corresponding to the core network, the delay information and transmission error information corresponding to the access network, or the delay information corresponding to the core network and the access network.
  • Information and transmission error information can reflect the impact of XR data transmission in the core network and/or access network, that is, it can reflect the user's experience quality of the XR service.
  • Part 720 Communicate according to the XQI information.
  • communicating based on the XQI information may be specifically implemented as: outputting the XQI information.
  • the executor of the method 700 may send the obtained XQI information to other network elements in the system through a communication interface.
  • the execution body executing the method 700 may output the obtained XQI information to other devices in the network element where the execution body is located through a communication interface.
  • communicating based on the XQI information may be specifically implemented as: transmitting or receiving XR data based on the XQI information.
  • this method can systematically evaluate the objective impact of XR data in network transmission, thereby guiding network operators to maintain and maintain the network according to the needs of XR data. optimization.
  • the delay information includes packet delay budget (PDB) information and/or delay jitter information.
  • PDB packet delay budget
  • the PDB information indicates the PDB
  • the PDB indicates how long the data packet needs to be transmitted correctly.
  • the delay jitter information indicates the change of the delay. For example, if the PDB information indicates that the PDB is 10 milliseconds (millisecond, ms), it means that the data packet needs to be transmitted correctly within 10 ms.
  • the delay information further includes packet average delay information and/or delay variance information.
  • the average delay information indicates the delay or the average value of the PDB in a period of time.
  • the delay variance information indicates the variance of the delay.
  • the transmission error information includes packet error rate (PER) information, block error rate (BLER) information, retransmission information, average packet loss rate information, and burst loss information.
  • PER packet error rate
  • BLER block error rate
  • retransmission information indicates the ratio of the number of erroneously received data packets to the total number of received data packets.
  • the BLER information indicates the ratio of the number of data blocks received in error to the total number of data blocks received.
  • the retransmission information may, for example, indicate the number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmissions, or the acknowledgement (ACK) or negative acknowledgement (NACK) information reported by the terminal device to the base station.
  • HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
  • NACK negative acknowledgement
  • the average packet loss rate information may indicate the rate of packet loss in a period of time.
  • the burst packet loss rate information may indicate the packet loss rate during the period from the beginning to the end of the burst service.
  • the first packet response time information may indicate the time from when the first packet is sent to when an acknowledgement (acknowledgement, ACK) for this packet is received.
  • the target rate includes the source rate of the XR data and/or the network transmission rate.
  • the source rate of XR data can be understood as the data rate of the XR video source and/or audio source, and can also be understood as the data output rate of the XR video source and/or audio source at the source end.
  • the source rate of XR data of 4K quality (4K resolution) is 60 megabits per second (Mbps)
  • the source rate of XR data of 8K quality (4K resolution) is 120 Mbps.
  • the source rate of XR data is also different.
  • the XR terminal After the XR terminal receives the XR data, it decodes and processes the received XR data and outputs it to the output device at a certain rate (which can also be understood as the data output rate of the XR data at the terminal) for video and/or audio Presented to the user in a way.
  • a certain rate which can also be understood as the data output rate of the XR data at the terminal
  • the output device of the XR terminal can restore XR on the terminal side The resolution of the video source and/or audio source at the source.
  • the network transmission rate can be understood as the transmission rate of data in the access network.
  • the XQI information corresponding to the target rate in part 710 can be understood as the XQI information in the case of a given target rate.
  • the XQI information may be obtained in combination with the target rate, or the XQI information may not be obtained in combination with the target rate, which is not limited in this application.
  • the network transmission rate will affect the output effect of XR data on the XR terminal.
  • the XR data output by the XR terminal may experience freezes and screen blurs, thereby affecting the user experience.
  • Reflecting the XQI information corresponding to the target rate by characterizing the delay information and transmission error information that are objectively affected by the network transmission can provide a more flexible index for the transmission quality of XR data in the network, thereby enabling network maintenance for XR data requirements And optimization provides a controllable and quantifiable evaluation basis.
  • the XQI information corresponding to the target rate is obtained according to the delay information and the transmission error information.
  • the XQI corresponding to the target rate may be obtained according to the delay information and the transmission error information.
  • the XQI may satisfy the following formula:
  • f1 delay information, transmission error information
  • XQI can satisfy the following formula:
  • K represents the highest evaluation score for evaluating the quality of XR data transmission (for example, 5 points)
  • f2 delay information, transmission error information
  • the loss score is expressed as a function f2 with delay information and transmission error information as independent variables.
  • the XQI information (or the XQI indicated by the XQI information) can also be obtained according to the source rate of the XR data, the network transmission rate, the delay information, and the transmission error information.
  • the network transmission rate is greater than or equal to the source rate of XR data
  • XQI is obtained according to the above method, namely
  • XQI f1 (delay information, transmission error information), or
  • XQI can satisfy the following formula:
  • XQI f1 (delay information, transmission error information, network transmission rate), or
  • f1 delay information, transmission error information, network transmission rate
  • K the highest evaluation score for evaluating the quality of XR data transmission (Such as 5 points)
  • f2 delay information, transmission error information, network transmission rate
  • the loss score is expressed as delay information , Transmission error information and network transmission rate as a function of independent variables f2.
  • the value range of the XQI has a corresponding relationship with the transmission quality of the XR data and/or the user experience of the XR service.
  • the user’s experience of the XR service can be evaluated, for example, by one or more of the following indicators: picture clarity, picture fluency, picture distortion, picture three-dimensionality, picture black edges, picture smearing, sound quality, sound effects, visual Field angle, stuttering, blurry screen, dizziness, audio and video synchronization, interactive freedom, interactive operation response speed, interactive operation accuracy, or content loading speed.
  • Table 2 shows the transmission quality level of XR data and the user experience level of XR services corresponding to the XQI value range.
  • the value range in Table 2 is only for illustration, and the present application does not limit the value range in Table 2.
  • Table 3 illustrates another XR data transmission quality level corresponding to the XQI value range and user experience level of the XR service.
  • Table 3 is only for illustration, and this application does not limit the value range in Table 3.
  • the value range of XQI can also be a real number within 0-100, where XQI greater than 90 represents very satisfactory, XQI greater than 70 and less than or equal to 90 represents satisfaction, etc., and so on, as shown in Table 4 as an example.
  • the XQI information corresponding to the target rate is obtained according to the delay information and the transmission error information. It can also be understood that the XQI corresponds to the delay size indicated by the delay information and the transmission error rate indicated by the transmission error information. relation.
  • Table 5 shows a possible correspondence between XQI and delay information and transmission error information.
  • 0ms, 5ms, 10ms, 15ms, and 20ms in the first row of Table 5 represent the 5 possible delay sizes (such as PDB) that the delay information can indicate, and 0%, 0.01%, 0.02% in the first column of Table 5 , 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% represent 8 possible transmission error rates (such as PER) that can be indicated by transmission error information.
  • the other values in Table 5 indicate the value of XQI. It can be seen from Table 5 that an XQI corresponds to a delay size and a transmission error rate.
  • the value of XQI in Table 5 can be obtained by, for example, MOS, POLQA, VQI or VMAF, or by a combination of two or more of MOS, POLQA, VQI and VMAF, or by other methods. This application does not limit this. It can be understood that the values in Table 5 are merely indicative, and the application does not limit the values in Table 5.
  • the XQI when the network transmission rate is greater than or equal to the source rate of the XR data, the XQI has a corresponding relationship with the delay information and the transmission error information (for example, the corresponding relationship shown in Table 5).
  • the network transmission rate is less than the source rate of XR data, XQI has a corresponding relationship with delay information, transmission error information, and network transmission rate.
  • x is the time delay indicated by the time delay information
  • y is the transmission error rate indicated by the transmission error information
  • XQI satisfies the following formula:
  • the XQI information in the method 700 corresponds to the first extended reality data stream and the second extended reality data stream, where the XQI information includes the first XQI information and the second XQI information, and the first XQI information corresponds to the first extension.
  • the second XQI information corresponds to the second extended reality data stream.
  • the XQI contained in the XQI information corresponds to the first extended reality data stream and the second extended reality data stream, where the XQI includes the first XQI and the second XQI, and the first XQI corresponds to the first extended reality data stream.
  • the second XQI corresponds to the second extended reality data stream.
  • the first extended reality data stream and the second extended reality data stream may be one of the following situations:
  • the first extended reality data stream includes an extended reality basic layer data stream
  • the second extended reality data stream includes an extended reality augmented layer data stream.
  • the extended reality base layer data stream and the extended reality enhancement layer data stream may be an extended reality data stream obtained by encoding XR source data
  • the encoding may be, for example, high efficiency video coding (HEVC) or scalable HEVC extension coding (scalability extension of HEVC, SHVC).
  • the first extended reality data stream includes an extended reality field of view (field of view, FOV) data stream
  • the second extended reality data stream includes an extended reality outside FOV data stream.
  • the data stream within the extended reality FOV and the data stream outside the extended reality FOV may be the extended reality data stream obtained by performing FOV source encoding on the source data of the XR.
  • FOV source coding can divide the XR source data into an inner part of the view angle and an outer part of the view angle.
  • the angle of view of the FOV is about 60-150 degrees. Extend the data flow outside the real FOV.
  • extended reality data with different transmission requirements can be differentiated, and different extended reality data streams with relatively high priority and extended reality data streams with relatively low priority can be used differently.
  • the transmission strategy can use limited network resources to complete the more efficient transmission of XR data.
  • first extended reality data stream and the second extended reality data stream described above are only two extended reality data streams as an indication to describe this embodiment.
  • This application does not limit the number of extended reality data streams.
  • the number of streams can also be three or more.
  • the above-mentioned first XQI and second XQI are only two XQIs as an indication to describe this embodiment.
  • This application does not limit the number of XQIs corresponding to the extended reality data stream, which corresponds to the extended reality data stream.
  • the number of XQIs can also be three or more.
  • the XQI information in the method 700 may also include third XQI information corresponding to the third extended reality data stream, and it can also be understood that the XQI information may also include the third XQI corresponding to the third extended reality data stream.
  • the method 700 may also include an optional part 730: obtaining capacity information according to the XQI information and the target rate.
  • the capacity information includes terminal capacity information and/or network capacity information.
  • the above terminal capacity information can be understood as the equivalent capacity of the terminal at a given target rate.
  • the equivalent capacity C eff,i of terminal i can satisfy one of the following equations:
  • log(XQI) represents the logarithm of XQI to the base of 10 or 2.
  • the above network capacity information can be understood as the equivalent capacity of the network when all terminals in the network are considered.
  • the equivalent capacity of terminal i (1 ⁇ i ⁇ I) is C eff,i
  • the equivalent capacity of the network C eff,N can satisfy one of the following formulas:
  • w i represents a weighting coefficient corresponding to terminal i
  • w i may be a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the distribution of XQI of the terminal or user can be calculated for the terminals or users included in the network, such as the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of XQI, and then measure
  • the network supports the performance of XR services.
  • CDF cumulative distribution function
  • the proportion of terminals or users corresponding to a certain XQI can be obtained.
  • the larger the XQI the better the user experience. If the proportion of terminals or users corresponding to a large XQI is higher, it means that the network supports the XR service better. If the proportion of terminals or users corresponding to the small XQI is higher, it means that the network supports the XR service worse.
  • Obtaining the above-mentioned capacity information through the XQI information and the target rate can quantitatively evaluate the overall capacity of the network, thereby guiding the network operator to adapt the network resources according to the capacity requirements of the XR data, so as to use the network resources more efficiently.
  • optional parts 740 and 750 may also be included.
  • Part 740 Obtain the first evaluation information and the second evaluation information.
  • the first evaluation information indicates the source quality of the XR data
  • the second evaluation information indicates the ability to process the XR data.
  • the source quality of the XR data can be used to evaluate one or more of the following indicators of the XR video source and/or audio source: picture quality clarity, picture fluency, picture three-dimensionality, picture distortion, frame rate, audio quality, Or rendering effect.
  • the ability to process XR data can be used to evaluate the ability of the XR terminal to process and/or display XR data, such as the supported FOV angle and/or refresh rate.
  • the ability to process XR data can also be used to evaluate one or more of the XR terminal's endurance, wearing comfort, wearing fatigue, portability, or visual impairment friendliness.
  • the first evaluation information and the second evaluation information can be obtained through MOS, POLQA, VQI or VMAF methods, or through a combination of two or more of MOS, POLQA, VQI and VMAF, or through Obtained by other methods, this application does not limit it.
  • Part 750 Obtain the third evaluation information according to the XQI information, the first evaluation information and the second evaluation information.
  • the third evaluation information indicates the user experience of the XR service end-to-end process.
  • the end-to-end process includes the generation of XR data and XR data Transmission and processing of XR data.
  • the first evaluation information indicates the source quality of the XR data, which can be understood to be used to evaluate the quality of the XR data when it is generated (that is, the source quality).
  • the second evaluation information indicates the ability to process XR data, which can be understood as an index used to evaluate the XR terminal's processing of XR data (ie, terminal quality).
  • XQI information characterizes the transmission quality of XR data, and can be understood as used to evaluate the transmission quality of XR data in the network (ie, pipeline quality).
  • the three parts of XQI information, the first evaluation information and the second evaluation information can be obtained independently from the corresponding network elements.
  • the third evaluation information obtained by integrating the XQI information, the first evaluation information and the second evaluation information can reflect the user experience of the entire end-to-end process of the XR service.
  • the third MOS can satisfy the following formula:
  • f3 (XQI, first MOS, second MOS)
  • f3 represents a function f3 with XQI, first MOS, and second MOS as independent variables.
  • the third MOS can satisfy one of the following formulas:
  • the chip, chip system, or processor in the centralized controller or the centralized controller can be reported by the server The first evaluation information and the second evaluation information reported by the XR terminal.
  • the centralized controller or the chip, chip system, or processor in the centralized controller can also obtain the XQI information reported by the network device.
  • the user experience of the end-to-end process of the XR service can be obtained by integrating the evaluation information of the data source, terminal and transmission pipeline of the XR service. Carry out maintenance and optimization to meet the needs of XR business.
  • the method 700 may also include an optional part 705: determining the data type is extended reality data.
  • part 710 can be specifically implemented as: according to the data type, it is determined to obtain XQI information corresponding to the target rate according to the delay information and the transmission error information, and the XQI information indicates the transmission quality of the extended reality data.
  • the aforementioned determined data type is extended reality data, which can be understood as a trigger/request condition that can trigger/request to obtain XQI information corresponding to the target rate according to the delay information and the transmission error information.
  • the data type is extended reality data
  • data type information can be obtained, and the data type is determined to be extended reality data according to the data type information.
  • the data type information may indicate that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the method 700 when executed by a terminal or a component of the terminal, it can receive downlink control information (DCI) or high-level signaling (such as RRC information) from a network device. Order) to obtain the data type information.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • high-level signaling such as RRC information
  • the DCI can be carried on the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) or the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and the high-level signaling can be carried on the PDCCH or PDSCH.
  • PDCH physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • the DCI may include an indication field indicating the data type, and the indication field includes data type information.
  • the indication field indicates a predefined value, it can indicate that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the indicator field can be a newly introduced indicator field, or the original indicator field in the DCI can be reused.
  • the data type can be indicated by the format of the DCI, that is, the format of the DCI can be understood as the above-mentioned data type information.
  • the DCI is a predefined format, it can indicate that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the RRC signaling may include an indication field/information element indicating the data type, and the indication field/information element includes the data type information.
  • the indication field/cell indicates a predefined value, it may indicate that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the indication field/information element can be a newly introduced indication field/information element, or the original indication field/information element in the RRC signaling can be reused.
  • the method 700 when the method 700 is executed by a network device or a component of a network device, or when the method 700 is executed by a centralized controller or a component of a centralized controller, it may receive data from The uplink control information (UCI) or high-level signaling (such as RRC signaling) of the terminal is used to obtain the data type information.
  • the UCI can be carried on the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), and the high-level signaling can be carried on the PUCCH or PUSCH.
  • the UCI may include an indication field indicating the data type, and the indication field includes data type information.
  • the indication field indicates a predefined value, it can indicate that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the indicator field can be a newly introduced indicator field, or it can reuse the original indicator field in UCI.
  • the data type can be indicated by the UCI format, that is, the UCI format can be understood as the above-mentioned data type information.
  • UCI is a predefined format, it can indicate that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the RRC signaling may include an indication field/information element indicating the data type, and the indication field/information element includes the data type information.
  • the indication field/cell indicates a predefined value, it may indicate that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the indication field/information element may be a newly introduced indication field/information element, or the original indication field/information element in the RRC signaling may be reused.
  • the data type can be obtained according to the business characteristics of the data.
  • the data type corresponding to the data can be obtained according to the data period and/or the data packet size. For example, when the data period is 16.7 ms or 8.3 ms, and/or when the data packet size is 0.6 megabits (Mb) to 0.65 Mb, it can be learned that the data type corresponding to the data is extended reality data.
  • the data type may be determined through configuration information of the core network. For example, when the core network transmits data, the data type of the data is configured as extended reality data, and the configuration information is notified to the base station and/or terminal, so that the base station and/or terminal can determine the data type of the data.
  • FIG. 7B is a schematic flowchart of another communication method 770 provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a terminal (for example, an XR terminal), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the terminal to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a network device (for example, a core network device, an access network device, a WiFi router, or a WiFi access point), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the network device to implement the method.
  • the execution body of the method may be a server (for example, a cloud server), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the server to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a centralized controller, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the centralized controller to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of each part in FIG. 7B may be the same or different.
  • the method 770 of this embodiment may include a part 780 and a part 790:
  • Part 780 Determine the data type as extended reality data.
  • the content of the part 780 is the same as the part 705 in the method 700, and will not be repeated here.
  • the information related to XQI includes PDB information related to extended reality data, delay jitter information, average delay information, delay variance information, PER information, BLER information, retransmission information, average packet loss rate information, One or more of burst packet loss rate information or first packet response time information.
  • extended reality data which can be understood as a trigger/request condition, which can trigger/request the reporting of XQI information or trigger/request the reporting of XQI-related information.
  • This implementation mode reports the XQI information related to the extended reality data or the parameter information required to obtain the XQI after knowing that the data type is the extended reality data, so that the XQI-based transmission quality measurement of the extended reality data can be more targeted And evaluation, which can guide network design for XR data, and guide network operators to maintain and optimize the network according to the needs of XR data.
  • the method 770 shown in FIG. 7B can also be implemented in combination with the method 700 shown in FIG. 7A.
  • part 710 in method 700 can be executed between part 780 and part 790, that is, before reporting XQI information, obtain the information to be reported according to the delay information and transmission error information.
  • XQI information can also be implemented in combination with other parts of the method 700 shown in FIG. 7A (for example, one or more of the 720 part, the 730 part, the 740 part, or the 750 part), which will not be repeated here. .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method 800 provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a terminal (for example, an XR terminal), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the terminal to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a network device (for example, a core network device, an access network device, a WiFi router, or a WiFi access point), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the network device to implement the method.
  • the execution body of the method may be a server (for example, a cloud server), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the server to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a centralized controller, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the centralized controller to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of each part in FIG. 8 may be the same or different.
  • the method 800 of this embodiment may include part 840 and part 850. Among them, the content of part 840 is the same as part 740 in method 700, and the content of part 850 is the same as part 750 in method 700.
  • the corresponding beneficial effects are also similar to the corresponding beneficial effects of parts 740 and 750 in method 700. Here, No longer.
  • the method 800 may further include part 810 and part 820.
  • the content of part 810 is the same as part 710 in method 700, and the content of part 820 is the same as part 720 in method 700.
  • the corresponding beneficial effects are also similar to the corresponding beneficial effects of parts 710 and 720 in method 700. Here, No longer.
  • the method 800 may further include part 830.
  • the content of part 830 is the same as part 730 in method 700, and the corresponding beneficial effects are also similar to the corresponding beneficial effects of part 730 in method 700, which will not be repeated here.
  • the method 800 may further include part 805.
  • the content of the 805 part is the same as the 705 part in the method 700, and the corresponding beneficial effects are also similar to the corresponding beneficial effects of the 705 part in the method 700, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of another communication method 900 provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a terminal (for example, an XR terminal), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the terminal to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of the method can be a network device (for example, a core network device, an access network device, a WiFi router, or a WiFi access point), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the network device to implement the method.
  • the execution body of the method may be a server (for example, a cloud server), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the server to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a centralized controller, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the centralized controller to implement the method.
  • the execution subject of each part in FIG. 9 may be the same or different.
  • the method 900 of this embodiment may include part 930.
  • the content of part 930 is the same as part 730 in method 700, and the corresponding beneficial effects are also similar to the corresponding beneficial effects of part 730 in method 700, which will not be repeated here.
  • the method 900 may further include part 910 and part 920.
  • the content of part 910 is the same as part 710 in method 700, and the content of part 920 is the same as part 720 in method 700.
  • the corresponding beneficial effects are also similar to the corresponding beneficial effects of parts 710 and 720 in method 700. Here, No longer.
  • the method 900 may further include part 940 and part 950.
  • the content of part 940 is the same as part 740 in method 700
  • the content of part 950 is the same as part 750 in method 700.
  • the corresponding beneficial effects are also similar to the corresponding beneficial effects of parts 740 and 750 in method 700. Here, No longer.
  • the method 900 may further include part 905.
  • the content of part 905 is the same as part 705 in method 700, and the corresponding beneficial effects are also similar to the corresponding beneficial effects of part 705 in method 700, which will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide corresponding devices, including corresponding modules for executing the foregoing embodiments.
  • the module can be software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a device.
  • the apparatus 1000 may be a network device, a terminal device, a server or a centralized controller, and may also be a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the network device, a terminal device, a server or a centralized controller to implement the foregoing methods.
  • the device can be used to implement the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and for details, please refer to the description in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the apparatus 1000 may include one or more processors 1001, and the processor 1001 may also be referred to as a processing unit, which may implement certain control functions.
  • the processor 1001 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor. For example, it can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processor can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, baseband chips, terminals, terminal chips, DU or CU, etc.), execute software programs, and process The data of the software program.
  • the processor 1001 may also store instructions and/or data 1003, and the instructions and/or data 1003 may be executed by the processor, so that the apparatus 1000 executes the above method embodiments. Described method.
  • the processor 1001 may include a transceiver unit for implementing receiving and sending functions.
  • the transceiver unit may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface, or an interface circuit, or a communication interface.
  • the transceiver circuits, interfaces, or interface circuits used to implement the receiving and transmitting functions can be separate or integrated.
  • the foregoing transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit can be used for code/data reading and writing, or the foregoing transceiver circuit, interface, or interface circuit can be used for signal transmission or transmission.
  • the apparatus 1000 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the sending or receiving or communication function in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the apparatus 1000 may include one or more memories 1002, on which instructions 1004 may be stored, and the instructions may be executed on the processor, so that the apparatus 1000 executes the foregoing method embodiments. Described method.
  • data may also be stored in the memory.
  • instructions and/or data may also be stored in the processor.
  • the processor and the memory can be provided separately or integrated together. For example, the corresponding relationship described in the foregoing method embodiment may be stored in a memory or in a processor.
  • the device 1000 may further include a transceiver 1005 and/or an antenna 1006.
  • the processor 1001 may be referred to as a processing unit, and controls the device 1000.
  • the transceiver 1005 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver device, or a transceiver module, etc., for implementing the transceiver function.
  • the apparatus 1000 in the embodiment of the present application may be used to execute the method described in FIG. 7A, FIG. 7B, FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor and transceiver described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuit (IC), analog IC, radio frequency integrated circuit RFIC, mixed signal IC, application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), printed circuit board ( printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), and P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • the device described in the above embodiment may be a network device or a terminal device, but the scope of the device described in this application is not limited to this, and the structure of the device may not be limited by FIG. 10.
  • the device can be a stand-alone device or can be part of a larger device.
  • the device may be:
  • the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and/or instructions;
  • ASIC such as modem (MSM)
  • FIG. 11 provides a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device.
  • the terminal device can be applied to the scenarios shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, or FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 11 only shows the main components of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device 1100 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and an input and output device.
  • the processor is mainly used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the entire terminal, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for the conversion of baseband signals and radio frequency signals and the processing of radio frequency signals.
  • the antenna is mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.
  • the processor can read the software program in the storage unit, parse and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and then outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit processes the baseband signal to obtain a radio frequency signal and sends the radio frequency signal through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves. .
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, the radio frequency signal is further converted into a baseband signal, and the baseband signal is output to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signal into data and performs processing on the data. deal with.
  • FIG. 11 only shows a memory and a processor. In an actual terminal device, there may be multiple processors and memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data.
  • the central processing unit is mainly used to control the entire terminal device and execute Software program, processing the data of the software program.
  • the processor in FIG. 11 integrates the functions of the baseband processor and the central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor and the central processing unit may also be independent processors, and are interconnected by technologies such as a bus.
  • the terminal device may include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, the terminal device may include multiple central processors to enhance its processing capabilities, and the various components of the terminal device may be connected through various buses.
  • the baseband processor may also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip.
  • the central processing unit can also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip.
  • the function of processing the communication protocol and the communication data can be built in the processor, or can be stored in the storage unit in the form of a software program, and the processor executes the software program to realize the baseband processing function.
  • the antenna and the control circuit with the transceiving function can be regarded as the transceiving unit 1111 of the terminal device 1100, and the processor with the processing function can be regarded as the processing unit 1112 of the terminal device 1100.
  • the terminal device 1100 includes a transceiver unit 1111 and a processing unit 1112.
  • the transceiving unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiving device, and so on.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 1111 can be regarded as the receiving unit, and the device for implementing the sending function in the transceiver unit 1111 as the sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit 1111 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be called a receiver, a receiver, a receiving circuit, etc.
  • the sending unit may be called a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, etc.
  • the foregoing receiving unit and sending unit may be an integrated unit or multiple independent units.
  • the above-mentioned receiving unit and sending unit may be in one geographic location, or may be scattered in multiple geographic locations.
  • the device can be a terminal, a network device, a server, or a centralized controller, or a component (for example, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.) of a terminal, a network device, a server, or a centralized controller.
  • the device may also be another communication module, which is used to implement the method in the method embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 1200 may include: a processing module 1202 (or referred to as a processing unit).
  • a transceiver module 1201 or called a transceiver unit or a communication interface
  • a storage module 1203 or called a storage unit).
  • one or more modules as shown in Figure 12 may be implemented by one or more processors, or by one or more processors and memories; or by one or more processors It may be implemented with a transceiver; or implemented by one or more processors, memories, and transceivers, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor, memory, and transceiver can be set separately or integrated.
  • the device has the function of implementing the terminal described in the embodiment of the application.
  • the device includes a module or unit or means corresponding to the terminal to execute the steps related to the terminal described in the embodiment of the application.
  • the function or unit is Means can be implemented through software, or through hardware, or through hardware executing corresponding software, or through a combination of software and hardware.
  • the device has the function of implementing the network device described in the embodiment of this application.
  • the device includes the module or unit or means corresponding to the network device executing the steps involved in the network device described in the embodiment of this application.
  • the functions or units or means (means) can be realized by software, or by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software, or by a combination of software and hardware.
  • each module in the apparatus 1200 in the embodiment of the present application may be used to execute the method described in FIG. 7A, FIG. 7B, FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an apparatus 1200 may include: a processing module 1202 and a transceiver module 1201.
  • the processing module 1202 is configured to obtain XQI information corresponding to the target rate according to the delay information and the transmission error information, and the XQI information indicates the transmission quality of the extended reality data.
  • the processing module 1202 is also used to control the transceiver module 1201 to communicate according to the XQI information.
  • the processing module 1202 can be used to control the transceiver module 1201 to output the XQI information.
  • the processing module 1202 can be used to control the transceiver module 1201 to send or receive XR data according to the XQI information.
  • the device can systematically evaluate the objective impact of XR data in network transmission, thereby guiding network operators to maintain and maintain the network according to the needs of XR data. optimization.
  • the delay information includes PDB information and/or delay jitter information.
  • the transmission error information includes one or more of PER information, BLER information, or retransmission information.
  • the target rate includes the source rate of the extended reality data and/or the network transmission rate.
  • the XQI information corresponds to the first extended reality data stream and the second extended reality data stream.
  • the first extended reality data stream includes an extended reality basic layer data stream
  • the second extended reality data stream includes an extended reality augmented layer data stream.
  • the first extended reality data stream includes an extended reality FOV internal data stream
  • the second extended reality data stream includes an extended reality external FOV data stream.
  • the XQI information includes first XQI information and second XQI information, the first XQI information corresponds to the first extended reality data stream, and the second XQI information corresponds to the second extended reality data stream.
  • the processing module 1202 is further configured to obtain capacity information according to the XQI information and the target rate, and the capacity information includes terminal capacity information and/or network capacity information.
  • the processing module 1202 is further configured to obtain the first evaluation information and the second evaluation information, and obtain the third evaluation information according to the XQI information, the first evaluation information, and the second evaluation information.
  • the first evaluation information indicates the source quality of the extended reality data
  • the second evaluation information indicates the ability to process the extended reality data
  • the third evaluation information indicates the user experience of the extended reality service end-to-end process
  • the end-to-end process includes the extended reality Data generation, extended reality data transmission and extended reality data processing.
  • the processing module 1202 is further configured to determine that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the processing module 1202 is configured to obtain XQI information corresponding to the target rate according to the delay information and transmission error information.
  • the specific implementation is as follows: XQI information.
  • the processing module 1202 is also used to obtain data type information, and determine the data type as extended reality data according to the data type information.
  • the transceiver module 1201 may be used to receive DCI or high-level signaling, and the processing module 1202 may be used to obtain the above-mentioned data type information according to the DCI or high-level signaling.
  • the transceiver module 1201 may be used to receive UCI or high-level signaling, and the processing module 1202 may be used to obtain the aforementioned data type information according to the UCI or high-level signaling.
  • the processing module 1202 is used to determine that the data type is extended reality data
  • the processing module 1202 is used to determine that the data type is extended reality data according to the business characteristics of the data.
  • the processing module 1202 is used to determine that the data type is extended reality data
  • the processing module 1202 is used to determine that the data type is extended reality data through configuration information of the core network.
  • an apparatus 1200 may include: a processing module 1202 and a transceiver module 1201.
  • the processing module 1202 is used to determine that the data type is extended reality data.
  • the processing module 1202 is further configured to control the transceiver module 1201 to report XQI information or report information related to XQI according to the data type.
  • the information related to XQI includes PDB information related to extended reality data, delay jitter information, average delay information, delay variance information, PER information, BLER information, retransmission information, average packet loss rate information, One or more of burst packet loss rate information or first packet response time information.
  • the processing module 1202 may also obtain the XQI information to be reported according to the delay information and the transmission error information before the transceiver module 1201 reports the XQI information.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability.
  • the steps of the foregoing method embodiments may be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other Programming logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • the processing unit used to execute these technologies at a communication device can be implemented in one or more general-purpose processors, DSPs, digital signal processing devices, ASICs, Programmable logic device, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware component, or any combination of the foregoing.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor.
  • the general-purpose processor may also be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • the processor can also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration. accomplish.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • dynamic RAM dynamic RAM
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • synchronous dynamic random access memory synchronous DRAM, SDRAM
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous connection dynamic random access memory serial DRAM, SLDRAM
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the function of any of the foregoing method embodiments is realized.
  • This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed by a computer, realizes the functions of any of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk, SSD)) etc.
  • system and “network” in this article are often used interchangeably in this article.
  • the term “and/or” in this article is only an association relationship describing the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, exist alone In the three cases of B, A can be singular or plural, and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or” relationship.
  • At least one of or “at least one of” herein means all or any combination of the listed items, for example, "at least one of A, B and C", It can mean: A alone exists, B alone exists, C exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, B and C exist at the same time, and there are six cases of A, B and C at the same time, where A can be singular or plural, and B can be Singular or plural, C can be singular or plural.
  • B corresponding to A means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A.
  • determining B based on A does not mean that B is determined only based on A, and B can also be determined based on A and/or other information.
  • the corresponding relationships shown in the tables in this application can be configured or pre-defined.
  • the value of the information in each table is only an example, and can be configured to other values, which is not limited in this application.
  • the corresponding relationship shown in some rows may not be configured.
  • appropriate deformation adjustments can be made based on the above table, such as splitting, merging, and so on.
  • the names of the parameters shown in the titles in the above tables may also be other names that can be understood by the communication device, and the values or expressions of the parameters may also be other values or expressions that can be understood by the communication device.
  • other data structures can also be used, such as arrays, queues, containers, stacks, linear tables, pointers, linked lists, trees, graphs, structures, classes, heaps, hash tables, or hash tables. Wait.
  • the pre-definition in this application can be understood as definition, pre-definition, storage, pre-storage, pre-negotiation, pre-configuration, curing, or pre-fired.
  • the systems, devices, and methods described in this application can also be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种扩展现实数据传输方法及装置。该方法包括: 确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。根据该数据类型，确定根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的扩展现实质量指示XQI信息，该XQI信息指示扩展现实数据的传输质量，并根据该XQI信息进行通信。由于上述XQI信息能够表征扩展现实XR数据在网络中的传输质量，因此通过该方法能够系统性地评价XR数据在网络传输中受到的客观影响，从而指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。

Description

扩展现实数据传输方法及装置
本申请要求在2020年3月27日提交中华人民共和国知识产权局、申请号为202010230251.4、发明名称为“扩展现实数据传输方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种扩展现实数据传输方法及装置。
背景技术
在无线通信网络中，扩展现实(extended reality，XR)技术具有多视角、交互性强等优点，能够为用户提供了一种全新的视觉体验，具有极大的应用价值和商业潜力。XR包含虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)、和混合现实(mix reality，MR)等技术，能够广泛应用于娱乐、游戏、医疗、广告、工业、在线教育、以及工程等诸多领域。
XR数据在网络中的传输具有实时和高速的需求，衡量这些需求是否达成一般依靠用户体验。然而，用户对XR数据网络传输的体验是一种用户的主观感受，无法准确衡量XR数据在网络传输中受到的客观影响，从而无法系统地帮助网络运营商针对XR数据进行网络优化。因此，如何能够更具系统性地并客观地衡量XR数据在网络传输中受到的影响，从而指导网络设计，指导网络运营商针对XR数据对网络进行优化，成为亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种扩展现实数据传输方法及装置。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器执行，也可以由终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等)执行，包括：根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的扩展现实质量指示(XR quanlity indicator/index，XQI)信息，该XQI信息指示扩展现实数据的传输质量，并根据该XQI信息进行通信。其中，对应于目标速率的XQI信息，也可理解为XQI信息指示的XQI对应于目标速率。根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息，也可理解为XQI与时延信息指示的时延大小和传输错误信息指示的传输错误率存在对应关系。根据该XQI信息进行通信，可以是输出该XQI信息，也可以是根据该XQI信息对XR数据进行发送或接收。
由于上述XQI信息能够表征XR数据在网络中的传输质量，因此通过该方法能够系统性地评价XR数据在网络传输中受到的客观影响，从而指导网络设计，指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。
可选地，时延信息包括包时延预算(packet delay budget，PDB)信息和/或时延抖动信息。其中，PDB信息指示PDB，PDB表示数据包需要在多长时间内正确传输。时延抖动信息指示时延的变化。可选地，时延信息还包括包平均时延信息和/或时延方差信息。平均时延信息指 示时延或者PDB在一段时间内的平均值。时延方差信息指示时延的方差。通过上述各种具体的时延信息，能够从不同维度衡量XR数据在网络中传输时受到的时延影响，从而能指导网络设计，指导网络运营商针对XR数据的时延需求对网络进行维护和优化。
可选地，传输错误信息包括误包率(packet error rate，PER)信息、误块率信息(block error rate，BLER)、重传信息、平均丢包率信息、突发丢包率信息、或首包响应时间信息中的一种或多种。其中，PER(也可称为分组错误率)信息指示错误接收的数据包数量占接收到的总数据包数量的比率。BLER信息指示错误接收的数据块数量占接收到的总数据块数量的比率。重传信息例如可以指示混合自动重传请求(hybrid automatic repeat request，HARQ)重传次数，或者终端设备上报给基站的应答响应(acknowledgement，ACK)或者否定应答影响(negative acknowledgement，NACK)信息。平均丢包率信息可指示指在一段时间内丢包的比率。突发丢包率信息可指示突发业务从开始到结束这段时间内的丢包率。首包响应时间信息可指示从开始发送第一个包到接收到针对这个包的应答响应(acknowledgement，ACK)的时间。通过上述各种具体的传输错误信息，能够从不同维度衡量XR数据在网络中传输时受到的传输错误影响，从而能指导网络运营商针对XR数据的可靠性需求对网络进行维护和优化。
可选地，目标速率包括XR数据的源速率和/或网络传输速率。其中，XR数据的源速率可理解为XR视频源和/或音频源的数据速率，也可以理解为XR视频源和/或音频源在源端的数据输出速率。网络传输速率可理解为数据在接入网中的传输速率。
通过上述表征网络传输客观影响的时延信息和传输错误信息来反映与目标速率对应的XQI信息，以及将XQI信息与目标速率对应起来，能够为XR数据在网络中的传输质量提供更加灵活的指标，从而能够为针对XR数据需求的网络维护和优化提供可控可量化的评价依据。
可选地，XQI的取值范围与XR数据的传输质量和/或用户对XR业务的体验存在对应关系。用户对XR业务的体验例如可通过下述中的一种或多种指标进行评价：画面清晰度、画面流畅度、画面畸变、画面立体感、画面黑边、画面拖影、音质、音效、视场角、卡顿感、花屏感、眩晕感、音视频同步、交互自由度、交互操作响应速度、交互操作精准度、或内容加载速度。通过该方式能够借助XQI更好的体现用户对XR数据的主观体验，从而能指导运营商根据用户体验对XR数据的网络传输进行更有针对性的优化。
可选地，XQI信息对应于第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流，其中，XQI信息包括第一XQI信息和第二XQI信息，第一XQI信息对应于第一扩展现实数据流，第二XQI信息对应于第二扩展现实数据流。也可以理解为，XQI信息中包含的XQI对应于第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流，其中，XQI包括第一XQI和第二XQI，第一XQI对应于第一扩展现实数据流，第二XQI对应于第二扩展现实数据流。其中，第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流可以是下述情况中的一种：
●第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实基本层数据流，第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实增强层数据流。其中，扩展现实基本层数据流和扩展现实增强层数据流可以是通过对XR的源数据进行编码获得的扩展现实数据流，编码例如可以是高效视频编码(high efficiency video coding，HEVC)或可伸缩HEVC扩展编码(scalability extension of HEVC，SHVC)，或者是其它可以区分出不同数据流的视频编码方式，本发明对此不做限制。
●第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实视场角(field of view，FOV)内数据流，第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实FOV外数据流。其中，扩展现实FOV内数据流和扩展 现实FOV外数据流可以是通过对XR的源数据进行FOV信源编码获得的扩展现实数据流。FOV信源编码可将XR的源数据分成视角内部分和视角外部分，其中视角内部分对应于上述扩展现实FOV内数据流，视角外部分对应于上述扩展现实FOV外数据流。
通过为不同的扩展现实数据流独立分配XQI，可以差异化区分具有不同传输需求的扩展现实数据，对优先级相对较高的扩展现实数据流和优先级相对较低的扩展现实数据流分别采用不同的传输策略，从而能够利用有限的网络资源完成对XR数据更加高效的传输。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实施方式中，根据XR数据的源速率、网络传输速率、时延信息和传输错误信息获得XQI信息(或XQI信息指示的XQI)。例如，当网络传输速率大于或等于XR数据的源速率时，根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得XQI；当网络传输速率小于XR数据的源速率时，根据网络传输速率、时延信息和传输错误信息获得XQI。也可理解为，当网络传输速率大于或等于XR数据的源速率时，XQI与时延信息和传输错误信息存在对应关系；当网络传输速率小于XR数据的源速率时，XQI与时延信息、传输错误信息和网络传输速率存在对应关系。通过该实施方式，能够更好地匹配XR数据的源速率和网络传输速率，从而能够指导网络运营商为XR数据的传输提供更加匹配的资源和模式。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实施方式中，还可以根据XQI信息和目标速率获得容量信息。可选地，该容量信息包括终端容量信息和/或网络容量信息。上述终端容量信息可理解为该终端在给定目标速率下的等效容量。上述网络容量信息可理解为考虑网络中所有终端时网络的等效容量。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实施方式中，还可以针对网络中包含的终端或用户，统计出终端或用户的XQI的分布，例如XQI的累计分布函数(cumulative distribution function，CDF)，进而衡量出网络支持XR业务的性能。比如在XQI的CDF中，可以获得某XQI对应的终端或用户占比，以XQI越大表示用户体验越好为例。若大XQI对应的终端或用户占比越高，说明网络对XR业务支持的越好。若小XQI对应的终端或用户占比越高，说明网络对XR业务支持的越差。
通过XQI信息和目标速率获得上述容量信息，能够对网络整体的容量进行定量的评估，从而指导网络运营商针对XR数据的容量需求对网络资源进行适配，以更加高效的利用网络资源。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实施方式中，还可以获得第一评价信息和第二评价信息，并根据XQI信息、第一评价信息和第二评价信息获得第三评价信息。其中，第一评价信息指示XR数据的源质量，第二评价信息指示处理XR数据的能力，第三评价信息指示XR业务端到端过程的用户体验，该端到端过程包括XR数据的生成、XR数据的传输和对XR数据的处理。XR数据的源质量例如可用于评价XR视频源和/或音频源如下的一种或多种指标：画质内容、画质清晰度、画面流畅度、画面立体感、画面畸变度、帧率、音频质量、或渲染效果。处理XR数据的能力例如可用于评价XR终端对XR数据进行处理和/或显示的能力，比如支持的FOV角度和/或刷新率等。处理XR数据的能力例如还可用于评价XR终端的续航能力、佩戴舒适度、佩戴疲劳感，便携度、或视力障碍友好等指标中的一种或多种。
通过综合XR业务的数据源、终端和传输管道的评价信息获得对XR业务端到端过程的用户体验，能够针对XR业务建立端到端的综合评价体系，进而指导网络运营商借助该评价体系对网络进行维护和优化，以满足XR业务的需求。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实施方式中，还可以确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。 根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息可具体实现为：根据该数据类型，确定根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息，该XQI信息指示扩展现实数据的传输质量。在确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的一种可能的实施方式中，可以获得数据类型信息，并根据该数据类型信息确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。例如，该数据类型信息可以指示数据类型为扩展现实数据。可选地，可接收下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)或高层信令来获得该数据类型信息，或者，也可接收上行控制信息(uplink control information，UCI)或高层信令来获得该数据类型信息。在确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，可以根据核心网的配置信息来确定数据类型信息为扩展现实数据。在确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，可以依据数据的业务特征来确定该数据的数据类型为扩展现实数据。
该实施方式在获知数据类型为扩展现实数据后，再根据相应的参数获得指示扩展现实数据传输质量的XQI信息，能够更有针对性地对扩展现实数据进行基于XQI的传输质量衡量和评价，从而能够针对XR类型的数据指导网络设计，并指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器执行，也可以由终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器的部件(例如处理器、芯片、或芯片系统等)执行，包括：确定数据类型为扩展现实数据，以及根据上述数据类型，上报XQI信息或者上报与XQI相关的信息。可选地，与XQI相关的信息包括与扩展现实数据相关的PDB信息、时延抖动信息、平均时延信息、时延方差信息、PER信息、BLER信息、重传信息、平均丢包率信息、突发丢包率信息、或首包响应时间信息中的一种或多种。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实施方式中，当上报的为XQI信息时，还可以在上报XQI信息前，根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得待上报的XQI信息。
上述方法和实施方式在获知数据类型为扩展现实数据后，再上报与扩展现实数据相关的XQI信息或者是获得XQI所需的参数信息，能够更有针对性地对扩展现实数据进行基于XQI的传输质量衡量和评价，从而能够针对XR类型的数据指导网络设计，并指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，可以实现上述第一方面、或第一方面任一种可能的实施方式中的方法。该装置包括用于执行上述方法的相应的单元或部件。该装置包括的单元可以通过软件和/或硬件方式实现。该装置例如可以为终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器，或者为可支持终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，可以实现上述第二方面、或第二方面任一种可能的实施方式中的方法。该装置包括用于执行上述方法的相应的单元或部件。该装置包括的单元可以通过软件和/或硬件方式实现。该装置例如可以为终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器，或者为可支持终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该装置实现上述第一方面、或第一方面任一种可能的实施方式中所述的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该装置实现上 述第二方面、或第二方面任一种可能的实施方式中所述的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序或指令，所述计算机程序或指令被执行时使得计算机执行上述第一方面、或第一方面任一种可能的实施方式中所述的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序或指令，所述计算机程序或指令被执行时使得计算机执行上述第二方面、或第二方面任一种可能的实施方式中所述的方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，其包括计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面、或第一方面任一种可能的实施方式中所述的方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，其包括计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面、或第二方面任一种可能的实施方式中所述的方法。
第十一方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片实现上述第一方面、或第一方面任一种可能的实施方式中所述的方法。
第十二方面，本申请实施例提供一种芯片，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得该芯片实现上述第二方面、或第二方面任一种可能的实施方式中所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的实施例应用的通信系统的示意图；
图2示出了通信系统的一种架构举例示意图；
图3示出了四种业务需求的示意图；
图4-图6示出了本申请实施例适用的几种系统框架示意图；
图7A、图7B、图8-图9示出了本申请实施例提供的几种通信方法的流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供的方法及装置可以应用于通信系统中。如图1示出了一种通信系统结构示意图。该通信系统100中包括一个或多个网络设备(图中示出网络设备110和网络设备120)，以及与该一个或多个网络设备通信的一个或多个终端。图1中所示终端114和终端118与网络设备110通信，所示终端124和终端128与网络设备120通信。可以理解的是，网络设备和终端也可以被称为通信设备。
本发明实施例描述的技术可用于各种通信系统，例如第四代(4th generation，4G)通信系统，4.5G通信系统，5G通信系统，多种通信系统融合的系统，或者未来演进的通信系统(例如6G通信系统)。例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统，新空口(new radio,NR)系统，无线保真(wireless-fidelity，WiFi)系统，无线自组织系统，设备与设备直连通信系统，以及第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project， 3GPP)相关的通信系统等，以及其他此类通信系统。
图2示出了通信系统的一种可能的架构举例示意图，如图2所示无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)中的网络设备包括集中单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布单元(distributed unit,DU)分离架构的基站(如gNodeB或gNB)。RAN可以与核心网相连(例如可以是LTE的核心网，也可以是5G的核心网等)。CU和DU可以理解为是对基站从逻辑功能角度的划分。CU和DU在物理上可以是分离的也可以部署在一起。多个DU可以共用一个CU。一个DU也可以连接多个CU(图中未示出)。CU和DU之间可以通过接口相连，例如可以是F1接口。CU和DU可以根据无线网络的协议层划分。例如分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层及无线资源控制(radio resource control,RRC)层的功能设置在CU，而无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)，媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层，物理(physical)层等的功能设置在DU。可以理解对CU和DU处理功能按照这种协议层的划分仅仅是一种举例，也可以按照其他的方式进行划分。例如可以将CU或者DU划分为具有更多协议层的功能。例如，CU或DU还可以划分为具有协议层的部分处理功能。在一设计中，将RLC层的部分功能和RLC层以上的协议层的功能设置在CU，将RLC层的剩余功能和RLC层以下的协议层的功能设置在DU。在另一种设计中，还可以按照业务类型或者其他系统需求对CU或者DU的功能进行划分。例如按时延划分，将处理时间需要满足时延要求的功能设置在DU，不需要满足该时延要求的功能设置在CU。图2所示的网络架构可以应用于5G通信系统，其也可以与LTE系统共享一个或多个部件或资源。在另一种设计中，CU也可以具有核心网的一个或多个功能。一个或者多个CU可以集中设置，也分离设置。例如CU可以设置在网络侧方便集中管理。DU可以具有多个射频功能，也可以将射频功能拉远设置。
CU的功能可以由一个实体来实现，也可以进一步将控制面(CP)和用户面(UP)分离，即CU的控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)可以由不同的功能实体来实现，所述CU-CP和CU-UP可以与DU相耦合，共同完成基站的功能。
可以理解的是，本申请中提供的实施例也适用于CU和DU不分离的架构。
本申请中，网络设备可以是任意一种具有无线收发功能的设备。包括但不限于：LTE中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，NR中的基站(gNodeB或gNB)或收发点(transmission receiving point/transmission reception point,TRP)，3GPP后续演进的基站，WiFi系统中的接入节点，无线中继节点，无线回传节点，核心网设备等。基站可以是：宏基站，微基站，微微基站，小站，中继站，或，气球站等。多个基站可以支持上述提及的同一种技术的网络，也可以支持上述提及的不同技术的网络。基站可以包含一个或多个共站或非共站的TRP。网络设备还可以是服务器(例如云服务器)、云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、CU，和/或，DU。网络设备还可以是服务器，可穿戴设备，机器通信设备、车载设备、或智慧屏幕等。以下以网络设备为基站为例进行说明。所述多个网络设备可以为同一类型的基站，也可以为不同类型的基站。基站可以与终端设备进行通信，也可以通过中继站与终端设备进行通信。终端设备可以与不同技术的多个基站进行通信，例如，终端设备可以与支持LTE网络的基站通信，也可以与支持5G网络的基站通信，还可以支持与LTE网络的基站以及5G网络的基站的双连接。
终端是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持、穿戴或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上 等)。所述终端可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、VR终端设备、AR终端设备、MR终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的终端、车载终端设备、无人驾驶(self driving)中的终端、辅助驾驶中的终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的终端等等。本申请的实施例对应用场景不做限定。终端有时也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端设备、车载终端、工业控制终端、UE单元、UE站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端设备、移动设备、UE终端设备、无线通信设备、机器终端、UE代理或UE装置等。终端可以是固定的，也可以是移动的。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请中，终端可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
在本申请中，终端可以是物联网(internet of things，IoT)系统中的终端，IoT是未来信息技术发展的重要组成部分，其主要技术特点是将物品通过通信技术与网络连接，从而实现人机互连，物物互连的智能化网络。本申请中的终端可以是机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)中的终端。本申请的终端可以是作为一个或多个部件或者单元而内置于车辆的车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元，车辆通过内置的所述车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元可以实施本申请的方法。因此，本申请实施例可以应用于车联网，例如车辆外联(vehicle to everything，V2X)、车间通信长期演进技术(long term evolution vehicle，LTE-V)、车到车(vehicle to vehicle，V2V)等。
在本申请中的终端还可以是VR终端、AR终端、或MR终端。VR终端、AR终端、和MR终端都可称为XR终端。XR终端例如可以是头戴式设备(例如头盔或眼镜)，也可以是一体机，还可以是电视、显示器、汽车、车载设备、平板或智慧屏等。XR终端能够将XR数据呈现给用户，用户通过佩戴或使用XR终端能够体验多样化的XR业务。XR终端可以通过无线或有线的方式接入网络，例如通过WiFi或5G系统接入网络。
XR技术具有多视角、交互性强等优点，能够为用户提供了一种全新的体验，具有极大的应用价值和商业潜力。XR包含VR、AR和MR等技术，能够广泛应用于娱乐、游戏、医疗、广告、工业、在线教育、以及工程等诸多领域。VR技术主要是指对视觉和音频场景的渲染以尽可能地模拟现实世界中的视觉和音频对用户的感官刺激，VR技术通常要求用户佩戴XR终端(例如头戴式设备)进而向用户模拟视觉和/或听觉。VR技术还可以对用户进行动作跟踪，从而及时更新模拟的视觉和/或听觉内容。AR技术主要是指在用户感知的现实环境中提供视觉和/或听觉的附加信息或人工生成内容，其中，用户对现实环境的获取可以是直接的(例如不进行感测、处理和渲染)，也可以是间接的(例如通过传感器等方式进行传递)，并进行进一步的增强处理。MR技术是将一些虚拟元素插入到物理场景中，目的是为用户提供一种这些元素是真实场景一部分的沉浸体验。网络设备可以对XR业务产生的数据(可称为XR数据)进行处理和传输，例如云端的网络设备可以对XR的源数据进行渲染和编码(比如信源编码)，借助核心网和/或接入网的网络设备将XR数据传输到XR终端。XR终端通过对XR 数据的处理为用户提供多样化的XR体验(例如沉浸体验、视觉体验、交互体验或设备体验等)。XR体验有多种不同的评价维度，例如包括以下评价维度中的一种或多种：画面清晰度、画面流畅度、画面畸变、画面立体感、画面黑边、画面拖影、音质、音效、视场角、卡顿感、花屏感、眩晕感、音视频同步、交互自由度、交互操作响应速度、交互操作精准度、交互内容加载速度、终端佩戴舒适度、终端佩戴疲劳感、终端续航能力、终端便携度、或终端视力障碍友好度等。
XR业务的数据包括VR数据、AR数据、MR数据、视频数据、音频数据、或图片数据中的一种或多种。XR业务对数据传输的需求与增强移动宽带(enhanced mobile broadband，eMBB)业务、海量机器类型通信(massive machine type communication，mMTC)业务和超高可靠超低时延通信(ultra reliable low latency communication，URLLC)业务对数据传输的需求不同。图3示出了四种业务需求的示意图。图3示意了一个三棱锥，该三棱锥的四个顶点分别表示eMBB业务、mMTC业务、URLLC业务以及XR业务对数据传输的需求侧重，不同的顶点表示不同业务对数据传输的需求侧重不同。XR业务也可以被认为是后5G或6G通信系统中的第四类业务，可简称为第四极业务。eMBB业务对数据速率的要求较高，mMTC业务对覆盖和容量的要求较高，URLLC业务对时延和可靠性的要求较高。而XR业务具有低时延和高速率的需求，衡量XR业务的需求是否达成一般依靠用户体验。例如，当XR数据的传输存在较大时延或速率较低时，用户在观感上可能会产生晕眩，导致用户的视觉体验差。然而，用户对XR数据网络传输的体验是一种用户的主观感受，无法准确地客观衡量XR数据在网络传输中受到的影响，从而无法系统地帮助网络运营商针对XR数据进行网络优化。因此，如何能够更具系统性地并客观地衡量XR数据在网络传输中受到的影响，从而指导网络运营商针对XR数据对网络进行优化，成为亟需解决的问题。
本申请中的实施例为XR数据的传输提供了一种质量指示方法，在该方法中依据网络可获得的性能参数确定XR数据的传输质量。通过该方法能够系统性地评价XR数据在网络传输中受到的客观影响，从而指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。
下面以具体实施例结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明。下述实施例和实施方式可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。应理解，本申请中所解释的功能可以通过独立硬件电路、使用结合处理器/微处理器或通用计算机而运行的软件、使用专用集成电路，和/或使用一个或多个数字信号处理器来实现。当本申请描述为方法时，其还可以在计算机处理器和被耦合到处理器的存储器中实现。
为易于理解本申请中的实施例，首先对本申请所涉及的一些概念或者术语作简要说明。
1、平均意见值(mean opinion score，MOS)
MOS(也可被称为主观平均得分或主观评价意见分)是一种评价语音质量的主观量化方法，通过MOS可以反映出用户对语音质量的主观感受。例如一种可能的5分制MOS如下表1所示。
表1
语音质量 MOS
excellent 5
good 4
accept 3
poor 2
bad 1
2、感知客观语音质量评估(perceptual objective listening quality analysis，POLQA)
POLQA是一套流程化的语音质量测量方法，主要通过专业仪器对语音质量进行评估，并获得对语音质量的评估结论。
3、语音质量指标(voice quality indicator，VQI)
VQI(也可称为语音质量指示)是一种基于参数估计的语音质量评估方法，能够通过计算影响语音质量的主要因素而获得语音质量分数，例如，根据语音数据的误帧率获得VQI的值，从而对语音质量进行评估。
4、视频多方法评价融合(video multi-method assessment fusion，VMAF)
VMAF(也可被称为视频多维评价融合)可以融合与视频源相关的多维指标(例如失真程度和扭曲类型等)，通过机器学习或人工智能算法获得对视频质量的评价。VMAF可以为多维指标中的每个指标分配一定的权值，从而在最终得到的评价中体现每个指标的优势比重，借此可得出更准确的评价分数。
5、云扩展现实(云XR)
云XR(也可称为XR的云化)是指将云计算和云渲染等技术引入到XR业务的应用中，借助网络将云端的显示输出和声音输出等经过编码压缩后传输到XR终端。
本申请提供的实施例适用于多种不同的场景。图4-图6示出了本申请实施例适用的几种系统框架示意图。
图4示出了一种本申请实施例适用的系统网元示意图。图4示意了一个系统400，包含云服务器410、核心网和接入网420(可简称为传输网络420，例如LTE、5G或6G网络)、以及XR终端430。其中，云服务器410可用于对XR的源数据进行编解码和渲染，传输网络420可用于对XR数据的传输，XR终端430通过对XR数据的处理为用户提供多样化的XR体验。可以理解，传输网络420与XR终端430之间还可以包含其他的装置，例如还可以包含其他的终端(例如手机、笔记本电脑、或汽车等)和/或网络设备(例如中继、WiFi路由器、或WiFi接入点等)，XR终端430借助其他的终端和/或网络设备从传输网络420获得XR数据。可选地，系统400中还包括集中控制器440，集中控制器440可以从云服务器410、传输网络420或XR终端430中的一个或多个接收/收集数据，也可以向云服务器410、传输网络420或XR终端430中的一个或多个发送数据。可以理解，集中控制器440可以独立于云服务器410、传输网络420和XR终端430进行部署，也可以部署在云服务器410、传输网络420或XR终端430中，还可以不部署集中控制器440而是由云服务器410、传输网络420或XR终端430实现集中控制器440的功能。
图5示出了另一种本申请实施例适用的系统网元示意图。图5示意了一个系统500，包含XR终端520和其他终端510。其他终端510是XR终端520之外的终端，其他终端510可以是一种XR终端，也可以是一种普通的终端(也可称为非XR终端)。其他终端510可以向XR终端520传输XR数据。可选地，系统500中还包括集中控制器530，集中控制器530可以从XR终端520和/或其他终端510接收/收集数据，也可以向XR终端520和/或其他终端510发送数据。可以理解，集中控制器530可以独立于XR终端520和其他终端510进行部署，也可以部署在XR终端520或其他终端510中，还可以不部署集中控制器530而是由XR终端520或其他终端510实现集中控制器530的功能。
图6示出了另一种本申请实施例适用的系统网元示意图。图6示意了一个系统600，包含XR终端630、WiFi路由器或WiFi接入点620(可简称为WiFi装置620)、和其他 终端610。其他终端610是XR终端630以外的终端，其他终端610可以是一种XR，也可以是一种普通的终端(也可称为非XR终端)。其他终端610可借助WiFi装置620向XR终端630传输XR数据。可选地，系统600中还包括集中控制器640，集中控制器640可以从其他终端610、WiFi装置620或XR终端630中的一个或多个接收/收集数据，也可以向其他终端610、WiFi装置620或XR终端630中的一个或多个发送数据。可以理解，集中控制器640可以独立于其他终端610、WiFi装置620和XR终端630进行部署，也可以部署在其他终端610、WiFi装置620或XR终端630中，还可以不部署集中控制器640而是由其他终端610、WiFi装置620或XR终端630实现集中控制器640的功能。
图7A为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法700的流程示意图。该方法的执行主体可以是终端(例如XR终端)，也可以是支持终端实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是网络设备(例如核心网设备、接入网设备、WiFi路由器、或WiFi接入点)，也可以是支持网络设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是服务器(例如云服务器)，也可以是支持服务器实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是集中控制器，也可以是支持集中控制器实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。图7A中各部分的执行主体可以相同也可以不同。如图7A所示，该实施例的方法700可包括710部分和720部分：
710部分：根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的扩展现实质量指示(XR quanlity indicator/index，XQI)信息，该XQI信息指示XQI，该XQI可以表征XR数据的传输质量。其中，对应于目标速率的XQI信息，也可理解为XQI信息指示的XQI对应于目标速率。XQI也可以被称为网络传输MOS、或网络用户体验指标等，本发明对此不做限制。XQI表征的是XR数据在网络中的传输质量，该网络包括核心网和/或接入网。时延信息和传输错误信息可以是核心网对应的时延信息和传输错误信息，也可以是接入网对应的时延信息和传输错误信息，还可以是核心网和接入网对应的时延信息和传输错误信息。因此XQI能够反映出XR数据在核心网和/或接入网中传输受到的影响，也即能够反映出用户对XR业务的体验质量。
720部分：根据该XQI信息进行通信。在一种可能的实施方式中，根据该XQI信息进行通信可具体实施为：输出该XQI信息。例如，执行方法700的执行主体可以将获得的XQI信息通过通信接口发送给系统中的其他网元。又例如，执行方法700的执行主体可以将获得的XQI信息通过通信接口输出给该执行主体所在网元中的其他器件。在另一种可能的实施方式中，根据该XQI信息进行通信可具体实施为：依据该XQI信息对XR数据进行发送或接收。
由于上述XQI信息能够表征XR数据在网络中的传输质量，因此通过该方法能够系统性地评价XR数据在网络传输中受到的客观影响，从而指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。
在710部分中，可选地，时延信息包括包时延预算(packet delay budget，PDB)信息和/或时延抖动信息。其中，PDB信息指示PDB，PDB表示数据包需要在多长时间内正确传输。时延抖动信息指示时延的变化。例如，PDB信息指示PDB为10毫秒(millisecond，ms)，则表示数据包需要在10ms内正确传输。
在710部分中，可选地，时延信息还包括包平均时延信息和/或时延方差信息。平均时延信息指示时延或者PDB在一段时间内的平均值。时延方差信息指示时延的方差。
在710部分中，可选地，传输错误信息包括误包率(packet error rate，PER)信息、误块 率信息(block error rate，BLER)、重传信息、平均丢包率信息、突发丢包率信息、或首包响应时间信息中的一种或多种。其中，PER(也可称为分组错误率)信息指示错误接收的数据包数量占接收到的总数据包数量的比率。BLER信息指示错误接收的数据块数量占接收到的总数据块数量的比率。重传信息例如可以指示混合自动重传请求(hybrid automatic repeat request，HARQ)重传次数，或者终端设备上报给基站的应答响应(acknowledgement，ACK)或者否定应答影响(negative acknowledgement，NACK)信息。平均丢包率信息可指示指在一段时间内丢包的比率。突发丢包率信息可指示突发业务从开始到结束这段时间内的丢包率。首包响应时间信息可指示从开始发送第一个包到接收到针对这个包的应答响应(acknowledgement，ACK)的时间。
在710部分中，可选地，目标速率包括XR数据的源速率和/或网络传输速率。
XR数据的源速率可理解为XR视频源和/或音频源的数据速率，也可以理解为XR视频源和/或音频源在源端的数据输出速率。例如对于4K质量(4K分辨率)的XR数据的源速率为60兆比特每秒(Mbps)，对于8K质量(4K分辨率)的XR数据的源速率为120Mbps。随着帧率和XR视频压缩率的不同，XR数据的源速率也不同。XR终端在接收到XR数据后，通过对接收到的XR数据进行解码以及相应处理后以一定的速率(也可理解为XR数据在终端的数据输出速率)输出到输出装置以视频和/或音频的方式呈现给用户。当XR数据在终端的数据输出速率与源端的数据输出速率能够匹配时(例如XR数据在终端的数据输出速率大于或等于源端的数据输出速率)，XR终端的输出装置便能够在终端侧还原XR视频源和/或音频源在源端的分辨率。例如当XR数据在终端的数据输出速率能够达到60Mbps时，便能在终端侧还原4K质量的XR数据。又例如，当XR数据在终端的数据输出速率能够达到120Mbps时，便能在终端侧还原8K质量的XR数据。
网络传输速率可理解为数据在接入网中的传输速率。710部分中对应于目标速率的XQI信息可以理解为，在给定目标速率情况下的XQI信息。在根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息时，可以结合该目标速率获得该XQI信息，也可以不结合该目标速率获得该XQI信息，本申请对此不做限定。网络传输速率会影响XR数据在XR终端的输出效果。例如，当网络传输速率较低时，即便XR终端能够还原XR视频源和/或音频源在源端的分辨率，XR终端输出的XR数据也可能会出现卡顿和花屏，进而影响用户体验。
通过表征网络传输客观影响的时延信息和传输错误信息来反映与目标速率对应的XQI信息，能够为XR数据在网络中的传输质量提供更加灵活的指标，从而能够为针对XR数据需求的网络维护和优化提供可控可量化的评价依据。
在方法700中，根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息，具体可以为根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI，此时XQI可满足下式：
XQI＝f1(时延信息，传输错误信息)
其中，“f1(时延信息，传输错误信息)”表示以时延信息和传输错误信息作为自变量的函数f1。例如，XQI可满足下式：
XQI＝f1(时延信息，传输错误信息)＝K–f2(时延信息，传输错误信息)
其中K表示评价XR数据传输质量的最高评价分(比如5分)，f2(时延信息，传输错误信息)表示经过网络传输的损耗分(比如大于等于0且小于等于5的实数值)，该损耗分表示为以时延信息和传输错误信息作为自变量的函数f2。
可选的，也可以根据XR数据的源速率，网络传输速率，时延信息和传输错误信息获得 XQI信息(或XQI信息指示的XQI)。例如，当网络传输速率大于或等于XR数据的源速率时，按照上述方法获得XQI,即
XQI＝f1(时延信息，传输错误信息)，或者
XQI＝f1(时延信息，传输错误信息)＝K–f2(时延信息，传输错误信息)
当网络传输速率小于XR数据的源速率时，网络传输速率也作为影响XQI的因素，结合时延信息和传输错误信息确定XQI信息。例如，XQI可满足下式：
XQI＝f1(时延信息，传输错误信息，网络传输速率)，或者
XQI＝f1(时延信息，传输错误信息，网络传输速率)＝K–f2(时延信息，传输错误信息，网络传输速率)
其中，“f1(时延信息，传输错误信息，网络传输速率)”表示以时延信息、传输错误信息和网络传输速率作为自变量的函数f1,其中K表示评价XR数据传输质量的最高评价分(比如5分)，f2(时延信息，传输错误信息，网络传输速率)表示经过网络传输的损耗分(比如大于等于0且小于等于5的实数值)，该损耗分表示为以时延信息、传输错误信息和网络传输速率作为自变量的函数f2。
可选地，XQI的取值范围与XR数据的传输质量和/或用户对XR业务的体验存在对应关系。用户对XR业务的体验例如可通过下述中的一种或多种指标进行评价：画面清晰度、画面流畅度、画面畸变、画面立体感、画面黑边、画面拖影、音质、音效、视场角、卡顿感、花屏感、眩晕感、音视频同步、交互自由度、交互操作响应速度、交互操作精准度、或内容加载速度。
例如，表2示意了一种与XQI取值范围对应的XR数据的传输质量等级和用户对XR业务的体验等级，其中XQI的取值越大，对应的XR数据的传输质量和用户对XR业务的体验越好。可以理解，表2中的取值范围仅为示意作用，本申请对表2中的取值范围不做限定。
表2
XR数据的传输质量 XQI取值范围 用户对XR业务的体验
excellent XQI>4.0 非常满意
good 4.0≥XQI>3.0 满意
accept 3.0≥XQI>2.0 一般
poor 2.0≥XQI>1.0 不满意
bad 1.0≥XQI 非常不满意
又例如，表3示意了另一种与XQI取值范围对应的XR数据的传输质量等级和用户对XR业务的体验等级，其中XQI的取值越小，对应的XR数据的传输质量和用户对XR业务的体验越好。可以理解，表3中的取值范围仅为示意作用，本申请对表3中的取值范围不做限定。
表3
XR数据的传输质量 XQI取值范围 用户对XR业务的体验
excellent 1.0≥XQI 非常满意
good 2.0≥XQI>1.0 满意
accept 3.0≥XQI>2.0 一般
poor 4.0≥XQI>3.0 不满意
bad XQI>4.0 非常不满意
再例如，XQI的取值范围还可以为0-100内的实数，其中，XQI大于90代表非常满意，XQI大于70且小于等于90代表满意等，以此类推，如表4为例所示。
表4
XR数据的传输质量 XQI取值范围 用户对XR业务的体验
excellent XQI>90 非常满意
good 90≥XQI>70 满意
accept 70≥XQI>50 一般
poor 50≥XQI>30 不满意
bad 30≥XQI 非常不满意
在方法700的710部分中，根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息，也可理解为XQI与时延信息指示的时延大小和传输错误信息指示的传输错误率存在对应关系。
例如，表5示意了一种可能的XQI与时延信息和传输错误信息的对应关系。表5第一行中的0ms、5ms、10ms、15ms和20ms表示时延信息可以指示的5种可能的时延大小(比如PDB)，表5第一列中的0％、0.01％、0.02％、0.03％、0.04％、0.05％、0.1％和0.2％表示传输错误信息可以指示的8种可能的传输错误率(比如PER)。表5中的其他数值表示XQI的取值。从表5中可以看出，一个XQI与一个时延大小和一个传输错误率对应。比如与传输错误率＝0.02％和时延大小＝10ms对应的XQI＝3.5118。表5中XQI的取值，例如可以通过MOS、POLQA、VQI或VMAF方法获得，也可以通过MOS、POLQA、VQI和VMAF中两种或两种以上方法的组合获得，还可以通过其他方法获得，本申请对此不做限定。可以理解，表5中的取值仅为示意作用，本申请对表5中的取值不做限定。
表5
  0ms 5ms 10ms 15ms 20ms
0％ 5 5 5 4.6976 4.364
0.01％ 4.1846 4.1846 4.1846 3.9744 3.7426
0.02％ 3.5118 3.5118 3.5118 3.3017 3.0698
0.03％ 2.9567 2.9567 2.9567 2.7466 2.5147
0.04％ 2.4988 2.4988 2.4988 2.2886 2.0568
0.05％ 2.1209 2.1209 2.1209 1.9108 1.6789
0.10％ 1.0202 1.0202 1.0202 1 1
0.20％ 1 1 1 1 1
可选的，当网络传输速率大于或等于XR数据的源速率时，XQI与时延信息和传输错误信息存在对应关系(例如表5示意的对应关系)。当网络传输速率小于XR数据的源速率时，XQI与时延信息、传输错误信息和网络传输速率存在对应关系。
可以理解，XQI与时延大小和传输错误率存在的对应关系还可以用函数进行表示。例如，以表5示意的对应关系为例，以x表示时延信息指示的时延大小，以y表示传输错误信息指示的传输错误率，XQI满足下式：
XQI＝(p1+p3*x+p5*y+p7*x 2+p9*y 2+p11*x*y)/(1+p2*x+p4*y+p6*x 2+p8*y 2+p10*x*y)
其中，p1＝4.95812，p2＝-0.00728，p3＝-0.01195，p4＝6.03596，p5＝-50.5809，p6＝0.000212,p7＝-0.0014729，p8＝59.1871，p9＝238.6637，p10＝0.01589，p11＝0.25696。
可选地，方法700中的XQI信息对应于第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流，其中，XQI信息包括第一XQI信息和第二XQI信息，第一XQI信息对应于第一扩展现实数据流，第二XQI信息对应于第二扩展现实数据流。也可以理解为，XQI信息中包含的XQI对应于第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流，其中，XQI包括第一XQI和第二XQI，第一XQI对应于第一扩展现实数据流，第二XQI对应于第二扩展现实数据流。其中，第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流可以是下述情况中的一种：
●第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实基本层数据流，第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实增强层数据流。其中，扩展现实基本层数据流和扩展现实增强层数据流可以是通过对XR的源数据进行编码获得的扩展现实数据流，编码例如可以是高效视频编码(high efficiency video coding，HEVC)或可伸缩HEVC扩展编码(scalability extension of HEVC，SHVC)。
●第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实视场角(field of view，FOV)内数据流，第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实FOV外数据流。其中，扩展现实FOV内数据流和扩展现实FOV外数据流可以是通过对XR的源数据进行FOV信源编码获得的扩展现实数据流。FOV信源编码可将XR的源数据分成视角内部分和视角外部分，一般FOV的视角为60-150度左右，其中视角内部分对应于上述扩展现实FOV内数据流，视角外部分对应于上述扩展现实FOV外数据流。
通过为不同的扩展现实数据流独立分配XQI，可以差异化区分具有不同传输需求的扩展现实数据，对优先级相对较高的扩展现实数据流和优先级相对较低的扩展现实数据流分别采用不同的传输策略，从而能够利用有限的网络资源完成对XR数据更加高效的传输。
可以理解，上述第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流仅是以两条扩展现实数据流作为示意对该实施方案进行描述，本申请并不限制扩展现实数据流的数量，扩展现实数据流的数量也可以是三条或三条以上。对应地，上述第一XQI和第二XQI也仅是以两个XQI作为示意对该实施方案进行描述，本申请并不限制与扩展现实数据流对应的XQI的数量，与扩展现实数据流对应的XQI的数量也可以是三个或三个以上。例如，方法700中的XQI信息还可包括对应于第三扩展现实数据流的第三XQI信息，也可理解为XQI信息中还可包含对应于第三扩展现实数据流的第三XQI。
在方法700中，还可以包括可选的730部分：根据XQI信息和目标速率获得容量信息。可选地，该容量信息包括终端容量信息和/或网络容量信息。
上述终端容量信息可理解为该终端在给定目标速率下的等效容量。例如，对于终端i，以目标速率为C i、XQI信息指示终端i的XQI为XQI i为例，终端i的等效容量C eff,i可满足下式中的一种：
C eff,i＝k i*C i*XQI i
C eff,i＝k i*C i*log(XQI i)
其中，k i为大于0的系数，k i可以是预定义的，也可以是由网络进行配置的。log(XQI)表示XQI的以10或以2为底的对数。
上述网络容量信息可理解为考虑网络中所有终端时网络的等效容量。例如，以网络包含I个终端为例，其中终端i(1≤i≤I)的等效容量为C eff,i，网络的等效容量C eff,N可满足下式中的一种：
C eff,N＝C eff,1+C eff,2+…+C eff,i+…+C eff,I-1+C eff,I
C eff,N＝w 1*C eff,1+w 2*C eff,2+…+w i*C eff,i+…+w I-1*C eff,I-1+w I*C eff,I
其中，w i表示与终端i对应的加权系数，w i可以为大于等于0且小于等于1的实数。
在另一种评价上述网络容量信息的方式中，可以针对网络中包含的终端或用户，统计出终端或用户的XQI的分布，例如XQI的累计分布函数(cumulative distribution function，CDF)，进而衡量出网络支持XR业务的性能。比如在XQI的CDF中，可以获得某XQI对应的终端或用户占比，以XQI越大表示用户体验越好为例。若大XQI对应的终端或用户占比越高，说明网络对XR业务支持的越好。若小XQI对应的终端或用户占比越高，说明网络对XR业务支持的越差。
通过XQI信息和目标速率获得上述容量信息，能够对网络整体的容量进行定量的评估，从而指导网络运营商针对XR数据的容量需求对网络资源进行适配，以更加高效的利用网络资源。
在方法700中，还可以包括可选的740部分和750部分。
740部分：获得第一评价信息和第二评价信息，第一评价信息指示XR数据的源质量，第二评价信息指示处理XR数据的能力。其中，XR数据的源质量可用于评价XR视频源和/或音频源如下的一种或多种指标：画质清晰度、画面流畅度、画面立体感、画面畸变度、帧率、音频质量、或渲染效果。处理XR数据的能力可用于评价XR终端对XR数据进行处理和/或显示的能力，例如支持的FOV角度和/或刷新率等。处理XR数据的能力还可用于评价XR终端的续航能力、佩戴舒适度、佩戴疲劳感，便携度、或视力障碍友好等指标中的一种或多种。可选地，第一评价信息和第二评价信息可以通过MOS、POLQA、VQI或VMAF方法获得，也可以通过MOS、POLQA、VQI和VMAF中两种或两种以上方法的组合获得，还可以通过其他方法获得，本申请对此不做限定。
750部分：根据XQI信息、第一评价信息和第二评价信息获得第三评价信息，第三评价信息指示XR业务端到端过程的用户体验，该端到端过程包括XR数据的生成、XR数据的传输和对XR数据的处理。第一评价信息指示XR数据的源质量，可以理解为用于评价XR数据生成时的质量(即源质量)。第二评价信息指示处理XR数据的能力，可以理解为用于评价XR终端在处理XR数据时的指标(即端质量)。XQI信息表征XR数据的传输质量，可以理解为用于评价XR数据在网络中的传输质量(即管道质量)。XQI信息、第一评价信息和第二评价信息这三部分信息可在对应的网元处独立获得。而综合XQI信息、第一评价信息和第二评价信息获得的第三评价信息则能反映出XR业务整个端到端过程的用户体验。
例如以第一评价信息、第二评价信息和第三评价信息分别指示第一MOS、第二MOS和 第三MOS，XQI信息指示XQI为例，第三MOS可满足下式：
第三MOS＝f3(XQI，第一MOS，第二MOS)
其中，“f3(XQI，第一MOS，第二MOS)”表示以XQI、第一MOS和第二MOS作为自变量的函数f3。比如，第三MOS可满足下式中的一种：
第三MOS＝f3(XQI，第一MOS，第二MOS)＝XQI+第一MOS+第二MOS第三MOS＝f3(XQI，第一MOS，第二MOS)＝w X*XQI+w M1*第一MOS+w M2*第二MOS其中，w X、w M1和w M2分别表示与XQI、第一MOS和第二MOS对应的加权系数，w X、w M1和w M2可以为大于等于0且小于等于1的实数。
可选地，若740部分由集中控制器或集中控制器中的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器执行，则集中控制器或集中控制器中的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器可获得由服务器上报的第一评价信息和由XR终端上报的第二评价信息。此外，集中控制器或集中控制器中的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器还可获得由网络设备上报的XQI信息。
通过综合XR业务的数据源、终端和传输管道的评价信息获得对XR业务端到端过程的用户体验，能够针对XR业务建立端到端的综合评价体系，进而指导网络运营商借助该评价体系对网络进行维护和优化，以满足XR业务的需求。
在方法700中，还可以包括可选的705部分：确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。对应地，710部分可具体实现为：根据该数据类型，确定根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息，该XQI信息指示扩展现实数据的传输质量。上述确定数据类型为扩展现实数据，可以理解为一种触发/请求条件，能够触发/请求根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息。
该实施方式在获知数据类型为扩展现实数据后，再根据相应的参数获得指示扩展现实数据传输质量的XQI信息，能够更有针对性地对扩展现实数据进行基于XQI的传输质量衡量和评价，从而能够针对XR类型的数据指导网络设计，并指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。
确定数据类型为扩展现实数据可以有多种不同的实现方式。
在确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的一种可能的实施方式中，可以获得数据类型信息，根据该数据类型信息确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。例如，该数据类型信息可以指示数据类型为扩展现实数据。
获得上述数据类型信息可以有多种不同的实现方式。
在获得数据类型信息的一种可能的实施方式中，当方法700由终端或终端的部件执行时，可接收来自网络设备的下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)或高层信令(比如RRC信令)来获得该数据类型信息。DCI可承载在物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)或物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)上，高层信令可承载在PDCCH或PDSCH上。
例如，DCI中可包含指示数据类型的指示域，该指示域包含数据类型信息。当该指示域指示了预定义取值时，可指示数据类型为扩展现实数据。该指示域可以是新引入的指示域，也可以复用DCI中原有的指示域。
又例如，可通过DCI的格式指示数据类型，即DCI的格式可以理解为上述数据类型信息。当DCI为预定义格式时，可指示数据类型为扩展现实数据。
又例如，RRC信令中可包含指示数据类型的指示字段/信元，该指示字段/信元包含数据类型信息。当该指示字段/信元指示了预定义取值时，可指示数据类型为扩展现实数据。该指 示字段/信元可以是新引入的指示字段/信元，也可以复用RRC信令中原有的指示字段/信元。
在获得数据类型信息的另一种可能的实施方式中，当方法700由网络设备或网络设备的部件执行时，或者，当方法700由集中控制器或集中控制器的部件执行时，可接收来自终端的上行控制信息(uplink control information，UCI)或高层信令(比如RRC信令)来获得该数据类型信息。UCI可承载在物理上行控制信道(physical uplink control channel，PUCCH)或物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)上，高层信令可承载在PUCCH或PUSCH上。
例如，UCI中可包含指示数据类型的指示域，该指示域包含数据类型信息。当该指示域指示了预定义取值时，可指示数据类型为扩展现实数据。该指示域可以是新引入的指示域，也可以复用UCI中原有的指示域。
又例如，可通过UCI的格式指示数据类型，即UCI的格式可以理解为上述数据类型信息。当UCI为预定义格式时，可指示数据类型为扩展现实数据。
又例如，RRC信令中可包含指示数据类型的指示字段/信元，该指示字段/信元包含数据类型信息。当该指示字段/信元指示了预定义取值时，可指示数据类型为扩展现实数据。该指示字段/信元可以是新引入的指示字段/信元，也可以复用RRC信令中原有的指示字段/信元。
在确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，当方法700由终端或终端的部件执行时，或者，当方法700由网络设备或网络设备的部件执行时，或者，当方法700由集中控制器或集中控制器的部件执行时，可依据数据的业务特征来获得数据类型。例如，可依据数据周期和/或数据包大小获知数据对应的数据类型。比如，当数据周期为16.7ms或8.3ms，和/或，当数据包大小为0.6兆比特(Mb)～0.65Mb时，可获知该数据对应的数据类型为扩展现实数据。
在确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，可以通过核心网的配置信息确定数据类型。例如，核心网在发送数据时，将该数据的数据类型配置为扩展现实数据，并将该配置信息通知给基站和/或终端，从而基站和/或终端可以确定该数据的数据类型。
图7B为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法770的流程示意图。该方法的执行主体可以是终端(例如XR终端)，也可以是支持终端实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是网络设备(例如核心网设备、接入网设备、WiFi路由器、或WiFi接入点)，也可以是支持网络设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是服务器(例如云服务器)，也可以是支持服务器实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是集中控制器，也可以是支持集中控制器实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。图7B中各部分的执行主体可以相同也可以不同。如图7B所示，该实施例的方法770可包括780部分和790部分：
780部分：确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。该780部分的内容与方法700中的705部分相同，在此不再赘述。
790部分：根据上述数据类型，上报XQI信息或者上报与XQI相关的信息。可选地，与XQI相关的信息包括与扩展现实数据相关的PDB信息、时延抖动信息、平均时延信息、时延方差信息、PER信息、BLER信息、重传信息、平均丢包率信息、突发丢包率信息、或首包响应时间信息中的一种或多种。上述数据类型为扩展现实数据，可以理解为一种触发/请求条件，能够触发/请求对XQI信息的上报或者触发/请求对XQI相关信息的上报。
该实施方式在获知数据类型为扩展现实数据后，再上报与扩展现实数据相关的XQI信息或者是获得XQI所需的参数信息，能够更有针对性地对扩展现实数据进行基于XQI的传输质 量衡量和评价，从而能够针对XR类型的数据指导网络设计，并指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。
可以理解的是，图7B所示的方法770也可以与图7A所示的方法700合并实施。例如，当在790部分中上报的为XQI信息时，可以在780部分与790部分之间执行方法700中的710部分，即在上报XQI信息前先根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得待上报的XQI信息。图7B所示的方法770也可以与图7A所示的方法700中的其他部分(例如720部分、730部分、740部分或750部分中一个或多个部分)进行合并实施，此处不再赘述。
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法800的流程示意图。该方法的执行主体可以是终端(例如XR终端)，也可以是支持终端实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是网络设备(例如核心网设备、接入网设备、WiFi路由器、或WiFi接入点)，也可以是支持网络设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是服务器(例如云服务器)，也可以是支持服务器实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是集中控制器，也可以是支持集中控制器实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。图8中各部分的执行主体可以相同也可以不同。如图8所述，该实施例的方法800可以包括840部分和850部分。其中，840部分的内容与方法700中的740部分相同，850部分的内容与方法700中的750部分相同，对应的有益效果也与方法700中740部分和750部分对应的有益效果类似，在此不再赘述。
可选地，方法800还可以包括810部分和820部分。其中，810部分的内容与方法700中的710部分相同，820部分的内容与方法700中的720部分相同，对应的有益效果也与方法700中710部分和720部分对应的有益效果类似，在此不再赘述。
可选地，方法800还可以包括830部分。其中，830部分的内容与方法700中的730部分相同，对应的有益效果也与方法700中730部分对应的有益效果类似，在此不再赘述。
可选地，方法800还可以包括805部分。其中，805部分的内容与方法700中的705部分相同，对应的有益效果也与方法700中705部分对应的有益效果类似，在此不再赘述。
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信方法900的流程示意图。该方法的执行主体可以是终端(例如XR终端)，也可以是支持终端实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是网络设备(例如核心网设备、接入网设备、WiFi路由器、或WiFi接入点)，也可以是支持网络设备实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是服务器(例如云服务器)，也可以是支持服务器实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该方法的执行主体可以是集中控制器，也可以是支持集中控制器实现该方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。图9中各部分的执行主体可以相同也可以不同。如图9所述，该实施例的方法900可以包括930部分。其中，930部分的内容与方法700中的730部分相同，对应的有益效果也与方法700中730部分对应的有益效果类似，在此不再赘述。
可选地，方法900还可以包括910部分和920部分。其中，910部分的内容与方法700中的710部分相同，920部分的内容与方法700中的720部分相同，对应的有益效果也与方法700中710部分和720部分对应的有益效果类似，在此不再赘述。
可选地，方法900还可以包括940部分和950部分。其中，940部分的内容与方法 700中的740部分相同，950部分的内容与方法700中的750部分相同，对应的有益效果也与方法700中740部分和750部分对应的有益效果类似，在此不再赘述。
可选地，方法900还可以包括905部分。其中，905部分的内容与方法700中的705部分相同，对应的有益效果也与方法700中705部分对应的有益效果类似，在此不再赘述。
相应于上述方法实施例给出的方法，本申请实施例还提供了相应的装置，包括用于执行上述实施例相应的模块。所述模块可以是软件，也可以是硬件，或者是软件和硬件结合。
图10给出了一种装置的结构示意图。所述装置1000可以是网络设备、终端设备、服务器或集中控制器，也可以是支持网络设备、终端设备、服务器或集中控制器实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该装置可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，具体可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
所述装置1000可以包括一个或多个处理器1001，所述处理器1001也可以称为处理单元，可以实现一定的控制功能。所述处理器1001可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、基带芯片，终端、终端芯片，DU或CU等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。
在一种可选的设计中，处理器1001也可以存有指令和/或数据1003，所述指令和/或数据1003可以被所述处理器运行，使得所述装置1000执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。
在另一种可选的设计中，处理器1001中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发单元。例如该收发单元可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路，或者是通信接口。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
在又一种可能的设计中，装置1000可以包括电路，所述电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。
可选的，所述装置1000中可以包括一个或多个存储器1002，其上可以存有指令1004，所述指令可在所述处理器上被运行，使得所述装置1000执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器中还可以存储有数据。可选的，处理器中也可以存储指令和/或数据。所述处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。例如，上述方法实施例中所描述的对应关系可以存储在存储器中，或者存储在处理器中。
可选的，所述装置1000还可以包括收发器1005和/或天线1006。所述处理器1001可以称为处理单元，对所述装置1000进行控制。所述收发器1005可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、收发装置或收发模块等，用于实现收发功能。
可选的，本申请实施例中的装置1000可以用于执行本申请实施例中图7A、图7B、图8或图9中描述的方法。
本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor,CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor,PMOS)、双极结型晶体管 (Bipolar Junction Transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
以上实施例描述中的装置可以是网络设备或者终端设备,但本申请中描述的装置的范围并不限于此,而且装置的结构可以不受图10的限制。装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如所述装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据和/或指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(MSM)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端、智能终端、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备、机器设备、家居设备、医疗设备、工业设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
图11提供了一种终端设备的结构示意图。该终端设备可适用于图1、图4、图5或图6所示出的场景中。为了便于说明，图11仅示出了终端设备的主要部件。如图11所示，终端设备1100包括处理器、存储器、控制电路、天线、以及输入输出装置。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个终端进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
当终端设备开机后，处理器可以读取存储单元中的软件程序，解析并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行处理后得到射频信号并将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端设备时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，该射频信号被进一步转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
为了便于说明，图11仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的终端设备中，可以存在多个处理器和存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等，本发明实施例对此不做限制。
作为一种可选的实现方式，处理器可以包括基带处理器和中央处理器，基带处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器主要用于对整个终端设备进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。图11中的处理器集成了基带处理器和中央处理器的功能，本领域技术人员可以理解，基带处理器和中央处理器也可以是各自独立的处理器，通过总线等技术互联。本领域技术人员可以理解，终端设备可以包括多个基带处理器以适应不同的网络制式，终端设备可以包括多个中央处理器以增强其处理能力，终端设备的各个部件可以通过各种总线连接。所述基带处理器也可以表述为基带处理电路或者基带处理芯片。所述中央处理器也可以表述为中央处理电路或者中央处理芯片。对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理的功能可以内置在处理器中，也可以以软件程序的形式存储在存储单元中，由处理器执行软件程序以实现基带处理功能。
在一个例子中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和控制电路视为终端设备1100的收发单元1111，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端设备1100的处理单元1112。如图11所示，终端设 备1100包括收发单元1111和处理单元1112。收发单元也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。可选的，可以将收发单元1111中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元1111中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元1111包括接收单元和发送单元。示例性的，接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。可选的，上述接收单元和发送单元可以是集成在一起的一个单元，也可以是各自独立的多个单元。上述接收单元和发送单元可以在一个地理位置，也可以分散在多个地理位置。
如图12所示,本申请又一实施例提供了一种装置1200。该装置可以是终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器,也可以是终端、网络设备、服务器或集中控制器的部件(例如，集成电路，芯片等等)。该装置也可以是其他通信模块,用于实现本申请方法实施例中的方法。该装置1200可以包括:处理模块1202(或称为处理单元)。可选的，还可以包括收发模块1201(或称为收发单元或通信接口)和存储模块1203(或称为存储单元)。
在一种可能的设计中，如图12中的一个或者多个模块可能由一个或者多个处理器来实现，或者由一个或者多个处理器和存储器来实现；或者由一个或多个处理器和收发器实现；或者由一个或者多个处理器、存储器和收发器实现，本申请实施例对此不作限定。所述处理器、存储器、收发器可以单独设置，也可以集成。
所述装置具备实现本申请实施例描述的终端的功能，比如，所述装置包括终端执行本申请实施例描述的终端涉及步骤所对应的模块或单元或手段(means)，所述功能或单元或手段(means)可以通过软件实现，或者通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，还可以通过软件和硬件结合的方式实现。详细可进一步参考前述对应方法实施例中的相应描述。或者，所述装置具备实现本申请实施例描述的网络设备的功能，比如，所述装置包括所述网络设备执行本申请实施例描述的网络设备涉及步骤所对应的模块或单元或手段(means)，所述功能或单元或手段(means)可以通过软件实现，或者通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，还可以通过软件和硬件结合的方式实现。详细可进一步参考前述对应方法实施例中的相应描述。
可选的，本申请实施例中的装置1200中各个模块可以用于执行本申请实施例中图7A、图7B、图8或图9描述的方法。
在一种可能的设计中，一种装置1200可包括：处理模块1202和收发模块1201。处理模块1202用于根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息，该XQI信息指示扩展现实数据的传输质量。处理模块1202还用于根据该XQI信息控制收发模块1201进行通信。例如，处理模块1202可用于控制收发模块1201输出该XQI信息。又例如，处理模块1202可用于依据该XQI信息控制收发模块1201对XR数据进行发送或接收。
由于上述XQI信息能够表征XR数据在网络中的传输质量，因此通过该装置能够系统性地评价XR数据在网络传输中受到的客观影响，从而指导网络运营商针对XR数据的需求对网络进行维护和优化。
可选地，时延信息包括PDB信息和/或时延抖动信息。
可选地，传输错误信息包括PER信息、BLER信息、或重传信息中的一种或多种。
可选地，目标速率包括扩展现实数据的源速率和/或网络传输速率。
可选地，XQI信息对应于第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流。其中，第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实基本层数据流，第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实增强层数据流。或者，第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实FOV内数据流，第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实 FOV外数据流。进一步可选地，XQI信息包括第一XQI信息和第二XQI信息，第一XQI信息对应于第一扩展现实数据流，第二XQI信息对应于第二扩展现实数据流。
在上述装置1200某些可能的实施方式中，处理模块1202还用于根据XQI信息和目标速率获得容量信息，该容量信息包括终端容量信息和/或网络容量信息。
在上述装置1200某些可能的实施方式中，处理模块1202还用于获得第一评价信息和第二评价信息，并根据XQI信息、第一评价信息和第二评价信息获得第三评价信息。其中，第一评价信息指示扩展现实数据的源质量，第二评价信息指示处理扩展现实数据的能力，第三评价信息指示扩展现实业务端到端过程的用户体验，该端到端过程包括扩展现实数据的生成、扩展现实数据的传输和扩展现实数据的处理。
在上述装置1200某些可能的实施方式中，处理模块1202还用于确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。处理模块1202用于根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息具体实现为：处理模块1202用于根据该数据类型，确定根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的XQI信息。
在处理模块1202用于确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块1202还用于获得数据类型信息，并根据该数据类型信息确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。例如，收发模块1201可用于接收DCI或高层信令，处理模块1202可用于根据该DCI或高层信令获得上述数据类型信息。又例如，收发模块1201可用于接收UCI或高层信令，处理模块1202可用于根据该UCI或高层信令获得上述数据类型信息。
在处理模块1202用于确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块1202用于根据数据的业务特征来确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。
在处理模块1202用于确定数据类型为扩展现实数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块1202用于通过核心网的配置信息确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。
在另一种可能的设计中，一种装置1200可包括：处理模块1202和收发模块1201。处理模块1202用于确定数据类型为扩展现实数据。处理模块1202还用于根据该数据类型，控制收发模块1201上报XQI信息或者上报与XQI相关的信息。可选地，与XQI相关的信息包括与扩展现实数据相关的PDB信息、时延抖动信息、平均时延信息、时延方差信息、PER信息、BLER信息、重传信息、平均丢包率信息、突发丢包率信息、或首包响应时间信息中的一种或多种。
在上述装置1200某些可能的实施方式中，当上报的为XQI信息时，处理模块1202还可以在收发模块1201上报XQI信息前，根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得待上报的XQI信息。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的一些可选的特征，在某些场景下，可以不依赖于其他特征，比如其当前所基于的方案，而独立实施，解决相应的技术问题，达到相应的效果，也可以在某些场景下，依据需求与其他特征进行结合。相应的，本申请实施例中给出的装置也可以相应的实现这些特征或功能，在此不予赘述。
本领域技术人员还可以理解到本申请实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件，或两者的结合进行实现。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。本领域技术人员对于相应的应用，可以使用各种方法实现所述的功能，但这种实现不应被理解为超出本申请实施例保护的范围。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。 在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。
本申请所描述的方案可通过各种方式来实现。例如，这些技术可以用硬件、软件或者硬件结合的方式来实现。对于硬件实现，用于在通信装置(例如，基站，终端、网络实体、或芯片)处执行这些技术的处理单元，可以实现在一个或多个通用处理器、DSP、数字信号处理器件、ASIC、可编程逻辑器件、FPGA、或其它可编程逻辑装置，离散门或晶体管逻辑，离散硬件部件，或上述任何组合中。通用处理器可以为微处理器，可选地，该通用处理器也可以为任何传统的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器也可以通过计算装置的组合来实现，例如数字信号处理器和微处理器，多个微处理器，一个或多个微处理器联合一个数字信号处理器核，或任何其它类似的配置来实现。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请还提供了一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
可以理解，说明书通篇中提到的“实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各个实施例未必一定指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。可以理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
可以理解，在本申请中，“当…时”、“若”以及“如果”均指在某种客观情况下装置会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求装置实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
本申请中的“同时”可以理解为在相同的时间点，也可以理解为在一段时间段内，还可以理解为在同一个周期内。
本领域技术人员可以理解：本申请中涉及的第一、第二等各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。本申请中的编号(也可被称为索引)的具体取值、数量的具体取值、以及位置仅作为示意的目的，并不是唯一的表示形式，也并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。本申请中涉及的第一个、第二个等各种数字编号也仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。
本申请中对于使用单数表示的元素旨在用于表示“一个或多个”，而并非表示“一个且仅一个”，除非有特别说明。本申请中，在没有特别说明的情况下，“至少一个”旨在用于表示“一个或者多个”，“多个”旨在用于表示“两个或两个以上”。
另外，本文中术语“系统”和“网络”在本文中常被可互换使用。本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A可以是单数或者复数，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本文中术语“……中的至少一个”或“……中的至少一种”，表示所列出的各项的全部或任意组合，例如，“A、B和C中的至少一种”，可以表示：单独存在A，单独存在B，单独存在C，同时存在A和B，同时存在B和C，同时存在A、B和C这六种情况，其中A可以是单数或者复数，B可以是单数或者复数，C可以是单数或者复数。
可以理解，在本申请各实施例中，“与A相应的B”表示B与A相关联，根据A可以确定B。但还应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。
本申请中各表所示的对应关系可以被配置，也可以是预定义的。各表中的信息的取值仅仅是举例，可以配置为其他值，本申请并不限定。在配置信息与各参数的对应关系时，并不一定要求必须配置各表中示意出的所有对应关系。例如，本申请中的表格中，某些行示出的对应关系也可以不配置。又例如，可以基于上述表格做适当的变形调整，例如，拆分，合并等等。上述各表中标题示出参数的名称也可以采用通信装置可理解的其他名称，其参数的取值或表示方式也可以通信装置可理解的其他取值或表示方式。上述各表在实现时，也可以采用其他的数据结构，例如可以采用数组、队列、容器、栈、线性表、指针、链表、树、图、结构体、类、堆、散列表或哈希表等。
本申请中的预定义可以理解为定义、预先定义、存储、预存储、预协商、预配置、固化、或预烧制。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法 步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
可以理解，本申请中描述的系统、装置和方法也可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请中各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分可以互相参考。在本申请中各个实施例、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例、以及各实施例中的各个实施方式/实施方法/实现方法中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例、实施方式、实施方法、或实现方法。以上所述的本申请实施方式并不构成对本申请保护范围的限定。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定数据类型为扩展现实数据；
    根据所述数据类型，确定根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的扩展现实质量指示XQI信息，所述XQI信息指示所述扩展现实数据的传输质量；以及
    根据所述XQI信息进行通信。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时延信息包括包时延预算PDB信息或时延抖动信息中的至少一种，以及包平均时延信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述传输错误信息包括误包率PER信息、误块率BLER信息、或重传信息中的一种或多种。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标速率包括所述扩展现实数据的源速率和/或网络传输速率。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述XQI信息对应于第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流；
    其中，所述第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实基本层数据流，所述第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实增强层数据流；
    或者，所述第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实视场角FOV内数据流，所述第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实FOV外数据流。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述XQI信息包括第一XQI信息和第二XQI信息，所述第一XQI信息对应于所述第一扩展现实数据流，所述第二XQI信息对应于所述第二扩展现实数据流。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述XQI信息和所述目标速率获得容量信息，所述容量信息包括终端容量信息和/或网络容量信息。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    获得第一评价信息和第二评价信息，所述第一评价信息指示所述扩展现实数据的源质量，所述第二评价信息指示处理所述扩展现实数据的能力；
    根据所述XQI信息、所述第一评价信息和所述第二评价信息获得第三评价信息，所述第三评价信息指示扩展现实业务端到端过程的用户体验，所述端到端过程包括所述扩展现实数据的生成、所述扩展现实数据的传输和所述扩展现实数据的处理。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    获得数据类型信息；
    所述确定数据类型为扩展现实数据，包括：
    根据所述数据类型信息确定所述数据类型为所述扩展现实数据。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述XQI信息进行通信，包括：输出所述XQI信息。
  11. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理模块和通信接口；
    所述处理模块用于确定数据类型为扩展现实数据；
    所述处理模块还用于根据所述数据类型，确定根据时延信息和传输错误信息获得对应于目标速率的扩展现实质量指示XQI信息，所述XQI信息指示所述扩展现实数据的传输质量；
    所述处理模块还用于根据所述XQI信息控制所述通信接口进行通信。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述时延信息包括包时延预算PDB信息或时延抖动信息中的至少一种，以及包平均时延信息。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述传输错误信息包括误包率PER信息、误块率BLER信息、或重传信息中的一种或多种。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述目标速率包括所述扩展现实数据的源速率和/或网络传输速率。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述XQI信息对应于第一扩展现实数据流和第二扩展现实数据流；
    其中，所述第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实基本层数据流，所述第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实增强层数据流；
    或者，所述第一扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实视场角FOV内数据流，所述第二扩展现实数据流包括扩展现实FOV外数据流。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述XQI信息包括第一XQI信息和第二XQI信息，所述第一XQI信息对应于所述第一扩展现实数据流，所述第二XQI信息对应于所述第二扩展现实数据流。
  17. 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于根据所述XQI信息和所述目标速率获得容量信息，所述容量信息包括终端容量信息和/或网络容量信息。
  18. 根据权利要求11至17中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块还用于获得第一评价信息和第二评价信息，并根据所述XQI信息、所述第一评价信息和所述第二评价信息获得第三评价信息；
    其中，所述第一评价信息指示所述扩展现实数据的源质量，所述第二评价信息指示处理所述扩展现实数据的能力，所述第三评价信息指示扩展现实业务端到端过程的用户体验，所述端到端过程包括所述扩展现实数据的生成、所述扩展现实数据的传输和所述扩展现实数据的处理。
  19. 根据权利要求11至18中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于：
    所述处理模块还用于获得数据类型信息；
    所述处理模块用于确定数据类型为扩展现实数据，包括：
    所述处理模块用于根据所述数据类型信息确定所述数据类型为所述扩展现实数据。
  20. 根据权利要求11至19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述XQI信息控制所述通信接口进行通信，包括：
    所述处理模块用于控制所述通信接口输出所述XQI信息。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序或指令，其特征在于，所述计算机程序或指令被执行时使得计算机执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置用于执行权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括用于执行权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法的模块。
  25. 一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品中包括计算机程序代码，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机实现权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2021/081935 2020-03-27 2021-03-20 扩展现实数据传输方法及装置 WO2021190422A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21776861.3A EP4099594A4 (en) 2020-03-27 2021-03-20 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DATA TRANSMISSION WITH AUGMENTED REALITY
US17/931,529 US20240187486A2 (en) 2020-03-27 2022-09-12 Extended reality data transmission method and apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010230251.4A CN113452474B (zh) 2020-03-27 2020-03-27 扩展现实数据传输方法及装置
CN202010230251.4 2020-03-27

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/931,529 Continuation US20240187486A2 (en) 2020-03-27 2022-09-12 Extended reality data transmission method and apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021190422A1 true WO2021190422A1 (zh) 2021-09-30

Family

ID=77808068

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/081935 WO2021190422A1 (zh) 2020-03-27 2021-03-20 扩展现实数据传输方法及装置

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20240187486A2 (zh)
EP (1) EP4099594A4 (zh)
CN (1) CN113452474B (zh)
WO (1) WO2021190422A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114185323A (zh) * 2021-10-19 2022-03-15 威凯检测技术有限公司 一种车载终端测试方法及装置
WO2024040594A1 (en) * 2022-08-26 2024-02-29 Zte Corporation Quality of service mechanism for supporting extended reality traffic

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220286907A1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-08 Qualcomm Incorporated Recovery after packet data convergence protocol packet discard
CN115884113A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2023-03-31 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 一种信息反馈方法、装置、终端及网络设备
WO2023197143A1 (en) * 2022-04-12 2023-10-19 Shenzhen Tcl New Technology Co., Ltd. Base station, user equipment, and extended reality processing method
WO2023212964A1 (zh) * 2022-05-06 2023-11-09 北京小米移动软件有限公司 一种双向时延状态信息的处理方法、装置及可读存储介质
WO2024031474A1 (en) * 2022-08-10 2024-02-15 Zte Corporation Physical layer scheduling for extended reality applications

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101483559A (zh) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-15 上海未来宽带技术及应用工程研究中心有限公司 一种分布式iptv业务传输质量的监测方法
US20190393969A1 (en) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-26 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for reporting an id of specific bwp among the multiple bwps in wireless communication system
CN110622483A (zh) * 2017-03-23 2019-12-27 Vid拓展公司 改进用于360度自适应流传输的体验的度量和消息

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102904773B (zh) * 2012-09-27 2015-06-17 北京邮电大学 一种网络业务质量的测量方法和装置
US10678637B2 (en) * 2017-01-10 2020-06-09 Qualcomm Incorporated Techniques to improve data transfer reliability
CN110996097B (zh) * 2017-05-08 2021-10-01 华为技术有限公司 Vr多媒体的体验质量确定方法及装置
US10477105B2 (en) * 2017-06-08 2019-11-12 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Method and system for transmitting virtual reality (VR) content
WO2020013561A1 (ko) * 2018-07-12 2020-01-16 엘지전자 주식회사 무선 통신 시스템에서 데이터를 송수신하는 방법 및 이를 위한 장치

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101483559A (zh) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-15 上海未来宽带技术及应用工程研究中心有限公司 一种分布式iptv业务传输质量的监测方法
CN110622483A (zh) * 2017-03-23 2019-12-27 Vid拓展公司 改进用于360度自适应流传输的体验的度量和消息
US20190393969A1 (en) * 2018-06-22 2019-12-26 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for reporting an id of specific bwp among the multiple bwps in wireless communication system

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HUAWEI, HISILICON: "Discussion on applications, traffic model and evaluation methodology for XR and Cloud Gaming", 3GPP DRAFT; R1-2007561, 3RD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP), MOBILE COMPETENCE CENTRE ; 650, ROUTE DES LUCIOLES ; F-06921 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS CEDEX ; FRANCE, vol. RAN WG1, no. E-meeting; 20201026 - 20201113, 24 October 2020 (2020-10-24), Mobile Competence Centre ; 650, route des Lucioles ; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex ; France, XP051946413 *
HUAWEI, HISILICON: "Initial evaluation results for XR and Cloud Gaming", 3GPP DRAFT; R1-2008316, 3RD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP), MOBILE COMPETENCE CENTRE ; 650, ROUTE DES LUCIOLES ; F-06921 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS CEDEX ; FRANCE, vol. RAN WG1, no. E-meeting; 20201026 - 20201113, 24 October 2020 (2020-10-24), Mobile Competence Centre ; 650, route des Lucioles ; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex ; France, XP051946623 *
See also references of EP4099594A4

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114185323A (zh) * 2021-10-19 2022-03-15 威凯检测技术有限公司 一种车载终端测试方法及装置
CN114185323B (zh) * 2021-10-19 2023-09-26 威凯检测技术有限公司 一种车载终端测试方法及装置
WO2024040594A1 (en) * 2022-08-26 2024-02-29 Zte Corporation Quality of service mechanism for supporting extended reality traffic

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113452474B (zh) 2022-12-02
US20240187486A2 (en) 2024-06-06
EP4099594A4 (en) 2023-07-19
CN113452474A (zh) 2021-09-28
EP4099594A1 (en) 2022-12-07
US20230007084A1 (en) 2023-01-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2021190422A1 (zh) 扩展现实数据传输方法及装置
WO2021209034A1 (zh) 一种数据传输的方法及通信装置
US20230188472A1 (en) Data transmission method and apparatus
WO2022188143A1 (zh) 数据传输方法及装置
US20230422087A1 (en) Communication method and apparatus
WO2024041117A1 (zh) 一种计算任务的分割方法及相关装置
WO2022152305A1 (zh) 扩展现实数据传输方法及装置
WO2022082654A1 (zh) 一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质
WO2023125339A1 (zh) 参考信号的传输方法及装置
CN116458239A (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2022126322A1 (zh) 评价信息生成方法及相关设备
WO2022151480A1 (zh) 数据传输方法及装置
WO2023193579A1 (zh) 数据传输的方法和装置
US20230222695A1 (en) Coding method and apparatus
US20230353806A1 (en) Scheduling transmission method and apparatus
WO2024179407A1 (zh) 信息传输的方法和装置
WO2022267720A1 (zh) 一种数据传输方法和通信装置
CN116156557A (zh) 一种保障xr业务的业务质量的方法、装置及存储介质
TW202435648A (zh) 信息傳輸的方法和裝置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21776861

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021776861

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20220902

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE