WO2021189819A1 - 一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置及方法 - Google Patents
一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of physical measurement, and specifically relates to a test device and method for observing the behavior of flowing and boiling bubbles in a microchannel.
- Micro-channel heat exchanger refers to a heat exchanger with a channel equivalent diameter of 10-2000 ⁇ m.
- micro-channel heat exchangers have a broad range of applications in the fields of chip heat dissipation, aerospace, HVAC, fuel cells, natural gas liquefaction, etc. due to their high heat exchange efficiency, compact structure, and easy modularization. Application prospects.
- micro-channel heat exchangers Compared with traditional heat exchangers, micro-channel heat exchangers have small channel dimensions, weaken the gravity effect of the working fluid and prominent surface tension.
- the bubble behavior in flow boiling shows obvious micro-scale effects, so its flow boiling heat transfer
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a test device and method for observing the behavior of flowing boiling bubbles in microchannels.
- the problem of the test device for the study of thermal and bubble dynamics characteristics.
- the technical solution of the present invention provides a test device for observing the behavior of flowing and boiling bubbles in a microchannel, including a camera, a mass flow meter, and a liquid dispensing device.
- the camera is located outside the drying box and the camera can observe the inside of the drying box.
- the drying box is also provided with a light source; the micro channel is arranged in the drying box; the liquid dispensing device is connected to the micro channel, the mass flow meter is connected to the liquid dispensing device, and the mass flow meter is connected to the server;
- the liquid dispensing device includes a mixing tank and a plurality of liquid storage tanks, the plurality of liquid storage tanks are all connected to the mixing tank, and the mixing tank is connected to one end of the channel; the other end of the micro channel is also connected to a venting mechanism.
- the liquid storage tank includes a first liquid storage tank and a second liquid storage tank, the first liquid storage tank and the second liquid storage tank are used to store cryogenic working fluid, and the bottom of the first liquid storage tank is
- the liquid port is connected with the mixing tank through the first pipe, and the bottom liquid outlet of the second liquid storage tank is connected with the mixing tank through the second pipe.
- the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively provided with mass flow meters; driving the nitrogen bottle Connected to the upper air inlets of the first liquid storage tank and the second liquid storage tank through pipes; the mixing tank is connected to the microchannel through a third pipe, and the third pipe is equipped with a filter, a preheater, a thermometer and a barometer .
- the drying box is also provided with a reflector and a prism, and the drying box is connected with the dryer and the blower; the drying box is provided with a window through which the camera can observe the inside of the drying box; the prism and the reflector Arranged on both sides of the micro channel, the prism and the reflector form a three-dimensional imaging light path.
- a purge device is also included.
- the purge device includes a gas cylinder, and the gas cylinder is connected to the liquid dispensing device.
- the embodiments of the present invention also provide a test method for observing the behavior of flowing and boiling bubbles in a microchannel.
- Using the test device for observing the behavior of flowing and boiling bubbles in a microchannel as described in the first aspect includes the following steps:
- the data of the preset mass flow meter are A and B two groups;
- the working fluids in the multiple storage tanks are replaced with the second combination, the third combination, ..., the Nth combination. Combine to experiment.
- a test device and method for observing the behavior of flowing boiling bubbles in a microchannel is provided.
- the device can perform various forms of observations and tests of multiple components.
- the problem of the experimental device for studying the mass flow boiling heat transfer and bubble dynamics characteristics in the microchannel can provide a complete experimental device and method, which is convenient for research.
- a plurality of liquid storage tanks are connected between the mixing tanks, the working fluid is convenient to flow, the composition distribution ratio is flexible, and the cost of purchasing a fixed-component mixed working fluid is reduced.
- a three-dimensional imaging optical path is used for observation, which can perform three-dimensional observation of the behavior of flowing and boiling bubbles in the microchannel, and form a three-dimensional image through a server, which is more accurate and vivid than a two-dimensional image.
- Figure 1 is a diagram of the overall system configuration of the present invention according to one or more embodiments.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional imaging according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
- the present invention proposes A test device and method for observing the behavior of flowing and boiling bubbles in a microchannel will be described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings of the specification.
- a test device for observing the behavior of flowing and boiling bubbles in a microchannel includes a liquid dispensing mechanism, a purging mechanism, an observation mechanism, a venting mechanism, and data monitoring and collection.
- the mechanism and the pipes, pipes, valves, etc. connecting each device, the liquid distribution mechanism is connected to the observation mechanism, and the liquid distribution mechanism can provide the observation mechanism with a mixed working fluid composed of precise components;
- the purge mechanism is connected to all the pipes in this embodiment All the pipelines here include the pipelines used to connect various mechanisms and the microchannels, as well as the pipelines of the microchannel itself.
- the purge mechanism blows nitrogen into the test mechanism and the pipelines before and after the inter-test.
- the observation mechanism is used for the observation of the microchannel; the vent mechanism is connected to the microchannel for safe and pollution-free venting of the mixed gas;
- the data monitoring and acquisition mechanism is connected to the observation mechanism for the collection of test data and various parameter signals record of.
- microchannel in this embodiment is the experimental object of this embodiment.
- a microchannel also called a microchannel heat exchanger, refers to a heat exchanger with a channel equivalent diameter of 10-1000 ⁇ m.
- the header is provided with baffles to divide the heat exchanger flow channels into several processes.
- the liquid distribution mechanism includes a first liquid storage tank 1, a second liquid storage tank 2, a driving nitrogen storage tank, a mass flow meter 4, an open dewar 6, a mixing tank 7, a filter 8, and a preheater 9.
- the liquid storage tank 1 and the second liquid storage tank 2 adopt double-layer fixed vacuum powder insulation storage tanks.
- the storage tank contains a low-temperature working fluid.
- the bottom liquid outlet of the first liquid storage tank 1 and the mixing tank 7 are connected through the first pipeline.
- the bottom liquid outlet of the second liquid storage tank 2 is connected to the mixing tank 7 through a second pipe.
- the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively provided with a mass flow meter 4; the nitrogen cylinder 5 is driven to pass through the pipe to connect with the first liquid storage respectively.
- Tank 1 is connected to the upper air inlet of the second liquid storage tank 2; the mixing tank 7 is arranged in an open dewar 6, which is filled with liquid nitrogen to keep cold; the mixing tank 7 is connected to the observation mechanism through a third pipe,
- the third pipeline is provided with a filter 8 and a preheater 9, as well as a thermometer and a barometer.
- a greater number of storage tanks can be used for the liquid dispensing mechanism to achieve the mixing of three or more liquids.
- the pipes in this embodiment are stainless steel pipes, and rubber-plastic pipes with aluminum foil are used to keep cold.
- the inlet and outlet pipes of all equipment are equipped with shut-off valves; the outlets of the first liquid storage tank 1 and the second liquid storage tank 2 are equipped with regulating valves to adjust the flow rate.
- the mass flow meter 4 adopts a high-precision Coriolis flowmeter.
- the Coriolis flowmeter is equipped with a primary meter.
- the primary meter can realize on-site observation of the flow value and data upload.
- the preheater 9 adopts an electric heater, which can accurately adjust the heating power to achieve different heating requirements.
- the purge mechanism includes a purge nitrogen bottle 5 and a purge pipeline.
- the purging nitrogen bottle 5 is connected to the pipes of the mechanism through the purging pipe.
- the observation mechanism includes a drying box 10, a blower 12, a dryer 13, a microchannel, a light source 11, a mirror 25, a prism 24, and a camera 16.
- the camera in this embodiment uses a CCD camera, and the drying box 10 and the dryer 13, the blower 12 Connected, a check valve is set on the outlet side; a window is set on the wall of the drying box 10, and a CCD camera is set on the outside of the window;
- the two sides of the microchannel form a three-dimensional imaging light path.
- the light source 11 adopts a stroboscopic LED surface light source 11.
- the emptying mechanism includes a vaporizer 17, a volume flow meter 18, a safety emptying device 19, and a liquefied petroleum gas storage tank 20.
- the inlet of the vaporizer 17 is connected to the observation mechanism through a pipeline, and the outlet is connected to a safety venting device 19 through a pipeline.
- the pipeline is provided with a volume flow meter 18; the liquefied petroleum gas storage tank 20 is connected to the safety venting device 19 through a pipeline.
- the safety venting device 19 in this embodiment is a venting device, which is a device widely used in the chemical industry.
- the safety venting device 19 is equipped with a vent tube, a flame arrestor, and an afterburner to ensure venting.
- the mixed gas is fully burned to reduce environmental pollution.
- the afterburning lamp adopts a fully automatic burner that can extinguish the gas and program ignition. The specific structure of the safety venting device will not be repeated here.
- the volume flow meter 18 is provided with a bypass pipeline, and a shut-off valve is provided on the pipeline.
- the data monitoring and collection mechanism includes a data collector 21 and a server 22.
- the data collector 21 collects the flow, pressure, temperature, and CCD signals in the mechanism, and stores them in the server 22 after processing. It can be understood that the data collector 21 includes a volume flow meter 18, a mass flow meter 4, a pressure machine, and a thermometer. And CCD camera.
- the front and back valves of the microchannel are installed at the front and back ends of the microchannel to be tested;
- the inlet valve of the mixing tank 7 is installed in the first pipeline and the second pipeline close to the mixing tank 7;
- the purge nitrogen branch pipe valve is installed in the pipeline connecting the nitrogen cylinder 5 with the first pipe and the second pipe;
- Volume flow meter 18 bypass valve which is installed with volume flow meter 18 bypass
- Micro-channel bypass valve which is installed in the micro-channel bypass
- valve of the liquid distribution system which is installed in the third pipeline;
- the first liquid storage tank outlet regulating valve which is installed at the outlet of the first liquid storage tank
- the second liquid storage tank outlet regulating valve is installed at the outlet of the second liquid storage tank.
- This embodiment discloses a test method for observing the behavior of flowing and boiling bubbles in a microchannel. It needs to be stated first that all the valves in the test device are closed before a set of tests are started; including the following steps:
- Step 1 Preset the mass flow meter data as two groups A and B; install the micro channel, debug the LED light source 11 and the camera 16;
- Step 2 Open the safety venting device 19 valves, volumetric flowmeter 18 front and rear valves, microchannel front and rear valves, mixing tank 7 inlet valve and purge nitrogen branch pipe valve in sequence; keep volumetric flowmeter 18 bypass valve, microchannel bypass valve, The valve of the dosing system is closed;
- Step 3 Open the valve of the purge nitrogen bottle 5 to purge the pipeline;
- Step 4 Close the valve of the purge nitrogen bottle 5 and the valve of the purge nitrogen branch pipe;
- Step 5 Open the valve of the liquefied petroleum gas storage tank 20 and light the afterburner lamp;
- Step 6 Turn on the vaporizer 17 and the blower 12 in sequence
- Step 7 pour liquid nitrogen into the open Dewar 6;
- Step 8 Turn on the data collector 21 and the server 2;
- Step 9 Open the driving nitrogen valve, the inlet valve of the first liquid storage tank, and the inlet valve of the second liquid storage tank. Slowly adjust the outlet adjustment valve of the first liquid storage tank and the outlet adjustment valve of the second liquid storage tank, and observe the quality The value of the flowmeter until the value of the mass flowmeter is adjusted to the preset value of group A;
- Step 10 Turn on the preheater 9 and slowly adjust the power of the preheater 9 to a predetermined value to adjust the temperature;
- Step 11 Perform experimental observation, CCD photography and data collection at the temperature obtained in Step 10;
- Step 12 Adjust the outlet regulating valve of the first liquid storage tank and the outlet regulating valve of the second liquid storage tank, observe the values of the two mass flow meters, adjust the values to the preset value of group B, wait for the flow rate to stabilize, and repeat the steps Eleven operations.
- Step 13 Repeat step 12 to perform multiple sets of mixed working fluid tests with different component ratios
- Step 14 After all the tests are over, close the data collector 21 and the server 2;
- Step 15 Turn off the preheater 9, the blower 12 in turn;
- Step 16 Close the outlet regulating valve of the first liquid storage tank 1, the outlet regulating valve of the second liquid storage tank 2, the driving nitrogen valve, the inlet valve of the first liquid storage tank 1, and the second liquid storage tank in turn 2 intake valve;
- Step 17 Open the valve of the purge nitrogen bottle 5 and the purge nitrogen branch valve to perform pipeline purge;
- Step 18 Close the valves of the vaporizer 17 and the liquefied petroleum gas storage tank 20 in sequence.
- Step 19 Close the valve of the purge nitrogen bottle 5 and the purge nitrogen branch valve.
- Step 20 After all the liquid nitrogen in the open dewar 6 has evaporated, close all the valves of the test system.
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Abstract
一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置及方法,装置包括摄像头(16)、质量流量计(4)和配液装置,摄像头设于干燥箱(10)外且摄像头能够观察干燥箱(10)内部,干燥箱(10)内还设有光源(11);微通道(15)设于干燥箱(10)内;配液装置连通微通道(15),质量流量计(4)连接于配液装置,质量流量计(4)连接于服务器;配液装置包括混合罐(7)和多个储液罐(1,2),多个储液罐(1,2)均连通于混合罐(7),混合罐连通为通道的一端;微通道(15)的另一端还连通放空机构(19)。该装置可以解决对非共沸混合工质在微通道内流动沸腾换热的试验装置的问题。
Description
本发明属于物理测量领域,具体的,涉及一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置及方法。
这里的陈述仅提供与本发明相关的背景技术,而不必然地构成现有技术。
微通道换热器系指通道当量直径在10~2000μm的换热器。作为一种新兴的换热技术,微通道换热器凭借其换热高效、结构紧凑、便于实现模块化等优点,在芯片散热、航空航天、暖通空调、燃料电池、天然气液化等领域有广阔的应用前景。
与传统换热器相比,微通道换热器由于通道尺度微小,工质所受重力作用减弱、表面张力作用凸显,流动沸腾中的气泡行为呈现明显的微尺度效应,因此其流动沸腾换热特性及气泡动力学特性存在着较大差异,尤其对于LNG等非共沸混合工质,由于工质内不同组分间存在温度滑移,造成换热弱化,其差异性更加显著。
对于微通道换热器流动沸腾换热特性和气泡动力学特性的研究是发展微通道换热器技术最重要的基础研究,但是目前此方面的研究还不多,尤其对于非共沸混合工质的研究还很欠缺,发明人发现,目前还没有针对非共沸混合工质在微通道内流动沸腾换热及气泡动力学特性研究的试验装置。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置及方法,该装置可以解决目前缺少针对非共沸混合工质在微通道内流动沸腾换热及气泡动力学特性研究的试验装置的问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明是通过如下的技术方案来实现:
第一方面,本发明的技术方案提供了一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,包括摄像头、质量流量计和配液装置,摄像头设于干燥箱外且摄像头能够观察干燥箱内部,干燥箱内还设有光源;微通道设于干燥箱内;配液装置连通微通道,质量流量计连接于配液装置,质量流量计连接于服务器;
所述配液装置包括混合罐和多个储液罐,所述多个储液罐均连通于混合罐,混合罐连通为通道的一端;微通道的另一端还连通放空机构。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述储液罐包括第一液体储罐和第二液体储罐,第一液体储罐和第二液体储罐用于存储低温工质,第一液体储罐的底部出液口与混合罐通过第一管道相连通,第二液体储罐的底部出液口与混合罐通过第二管道相连通,第一管道和第二管道上分别设置有质量流量计;驱动氮气瓶通过管道分别与第一液体储罐和第二液体储罐的上端进气口相连;混合罐通过第三管道与微通道相连通,第三管道上设过滤器、预热器、温度计和气压计。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述干燥箱内还设有反光镜和棱镜,干燥箱与干燥器、鼓风机相连通;干燥箱设有窗口,所述摄像头能够通过窗口观察干燥箱内部;棱镜和反光镜布置在微通道的两侧,棱镜和反光镜构成三维成像光路。
作为进一步的技术方案,还包括吹扫装置,吹扫装置包括气瓶,气瓶连通于配液装置。
第二方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验方法,使用如第一方面所述的观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,包括以下步骤:
预设质量流量计的数据为A、B两组;
调试摄像头;
对整个装置的管路进行吹扫;
在温度A下,开启并调整装置,直至此时质量流量计的数据记录符合A组数据;
调节温度,在温度B下,记录此时质量流量计的数据;
调节混合罐中的液体的比例,直至此时质量流量计的数据记录符合B组数据;
多次调节混合罐中的液体的比例,记录每一次调整后的质量流量计的数据;
对整个装置的管路进行吹扫。
作为进一步的技术方案,在多个储液罐使用了第一组合的工质进行试验后,将所述多个储液罐内的工质更换为第二组合、第三组合、…、第N组合进行试验。
上述本发明的实施例的有益效果如下:
1)本发明提供的技术方案中,提供一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置及方法,该装置可以进行多种形式的观测以及多种组分的试验,针对非共沸混合工质在微通道内流动沸腾换热及气泡动力学特性研究的试验装置的问题,能够提供完整的实验装置和方法,便于研究。
2)本发明提供的技术方案中,使用多个储液罐、一个混合罐的搭配,且加入了吹扫装置,可以实现不同混合比例工质的连续试验,简化了操作步骤,减少了试验时间。
3)本发明提供的技术方案中,多个储液罐于混合罐之间连通,工质流动便捷,组分配比灵活,减少了购买固定组分混合工质的成本。
4)本发明提供的技术方案中,使用了三维成像光路进行观测,可以对微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为进行三维观察,通过服务器形成三维影像,较二维图像更精确、更形象。
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明,并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的整体系统构成图,
图2是本发明根据一个或多个实施方式的三维成像原理图。
图中:1-第一液体储罐,2-第二液体储罐,3-驱动氮气储罐,4-质量流量计,5-气瓶,6-开式杜瓦瓶,7-混合罐,8-过滤器,9-预热器,10-干燥箱,11-光源,12-鼓风机,13-干燥器,14-窗口,15-微通道实验段,16-摄像头,17-汽化器,18-体积流量计,19-安全放空装置,20-液化石油气储罐,21-数据采集器,22-服务器,24-棱镜,25-反光镜。
为显示各部位位置而夸大了互相间间距或尺寸,示意图仅作示意使用。
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本发明提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本发明使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本发明的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非本发明另外明确指出, 否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合;
为了方便叙述,本发明中如果出现“上”、“下”、“左”“右”字样,仅表示与附图本身的上、下、左、右方向一致,并不对结构起限定作用,仅仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位,以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
术语解释部分:本发明中的术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或为一体;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接,可以是直接连接,也可以是通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部连接,或者两个元件的相互作用关系,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明的具体含义。
正如背景技术所介绍的,现有技术中存在缺少针对非共沸混合工质在微通道内流动沸腾换热及气泡动力学特性研究的试验装置不足,为了解决如上的技术问题,本发明提出了一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置及方法,以下结合实施例和说明书附图进行说明。
实施例1
本发明的一种典型的实施方式中,如图1所示,一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,包括配液机构、吹扫机构、观察机构、放空机构、数据监测与采集机构以及连接各设备的管道、管件、阀门等,配液机构连通观察机构,配液机构能够向观察机构提供精确组分构成的混合工质液体;吹扫机构连接于本实施例中的所有管路,此处的所有管路包括用于连接各种机构与微通道之间的管路,以及微通道自身的管路,吹扫机构在间次试验前后向试验机构和管路吹入氮气,观察机构用于对微通道的观察;放空机构连通于微通道,用于对混合气体的安全、无污染放空;数据监测与采集机构连接于观测机构,用于对试验数据的采集和各参数信号的记录。
可以理解的是,本实施例中的微通道是本实施例的实验对象,一般来说,微通道,也称为微通道换热器,是指通道当量直径在10-1000μm的换热器,这种换热器的扁平管内有数十条细微流道,在扁平管的两端与圆形集管相联,集管内设 置隔板,将换热器流道分隔成数个流程。
配液机构包括第一液体储罐1、第二液体储罐2、驱动氮气储罐、质量流量计4、开式杜瓦瓶6、混合罐7、过滤器8和预热器9,第一液体储罐1和第二液体储罐2采用双层固定真空粉末绝热储罐,储罐内为低温工质,第一液体储罐1的底部出液口与混合罐7通过第一管道相连通,第二液体储罐2的底部出液口与混合罐7通过第二管道相连通,第一管道和第二管道上分别设质量流量计4;驱动氮气瓶5通过管道分别与第一液体储罐1和第二液体储罐2的上端进气口相连;混合罐7设置在开式杜瓦瓶6中,杜瓦瓶内充液氮保冷;混合罐7通过第三管道与观察机构相连,第三管道上设过滤器8和预热器9,还设有温度计和气压计。
在其他实施例中,配液机构可以采用更多数量的储罐,以实现三种及以上液体的混合,这种简单的变更是本领域技术人员能够根据本发明的工作原理直接得到的,理应属于本发明的保护范围。
本实施例中的管道采用不锈钢管,并采用带铝箔的橡塑管保冷。
所有设备的进出口管道上均设置关断阀门;第一液体储罐1和第二液体储罐2出液口设调节阀,以实现流量的调节。
质量流量计4采用精度较高的科里奥利流量计,科里奥利流量计配套安装一次表,一次表可实现流量数值的就地观察和数据上传。
所述预热器9采用电加热器,能够精确调节加热功率,以实现不同的加热需求。
吹扫机构包括吹扫氮气瓶5和吹扫管路。吹扫氮气瓶5通过吹扫管道与机构各管道相连。
观察机构包括干燥箱10、鼓风机12、干燥器13、微通道、光源11、反光镜25、棱镜24和摄像头16,本实施例中的摄像头采用CCD相机,干燥箱10与干燥器13、鼓风机12相连,出口侧设止回阀;干燥箱10壁面设窗口,窗口外设设置CCD相机;微通道及光源11、反光镜25、棱镜24设置在干燥箱10内;棱镜24和反光镜25布置在微通道两侧,构成三维成像光路。
光源11采用频闪LED面光源11。
放空机构包括汽化器17、体积流量计18、安全放空装置19和液化石油气储罐20。汽化器17进口通过管道与观察机构相连,出口通过管道与安全放空装置19 相连,管道上设体积流量计18;液化石油气储罐20通过管道与安全放空装置19相连。
可以理解的是,本实施例中的安全放空装置19即放空器,其是一种被广泛应用于化工领域的装置,安全放空装置19内设放空管、阻火器、补燃灯,确保放散的混合气体充分燃烧,以减少环境污染,补燃灯采用可熄火断气和程序点火的全自动燃烧器,在此不再赘述安全放空装置的具体构造。
体积流量计18设旁通管路,管路上设关断阀。
数据监测与采集机构包括数据采集器21和服务器22。数据采集器21采集机构中的流量、压力、温度、CCD信号,经处理后存储在服务器22中,可以理解的是,数据采集器21包括体积流量计18、质量流量计4、压力机、温度计和CCD相机。
可以理解的是,本实施例中的管道安装阀门,其具体名称和安装位置如下:
安全放空装置19阀门,其安装于安全放空装置19;体积流量计18前后阀门,其安装于体积流量计18的前后两端;
微通道前后阀门,其安装于被测试的微通道前后两端;
混合罐7入口阀门,其安装于第一管道和第二管道接近混合罐7处;
吹扫氮气分支管阀门,其安装于氮气瓶5与第一管道、第二管道连接的管路;
吹扫氮气瓶5阀门,其安装于氮气瓶5总管;
体积流量计18旁通阀门,其安装体积流量计18旁路;
微通道旁通阀门,其安装于微通道旁路;
配液系统阀门,其安装于第三管路;
第一液体储罐出液调节阀,其安装于第一液体储罐出口;
第二液体储罐出液调节阀,其安装于第二液体储罐出口。
实施例2
本实施例公开了一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验方法,需要首先声明的是,一组试验开始前,试验装置中的所有阀门均是关闭的;包括以下步骤:
步骤一:预设质量流量计的数据为A、B两组;安装微通道,调试LED光源11和摄像头16;
步骤二:依次打开安全放空装置19阀门、体积流量计18前后阀门、微通道前后阀门、混合罐7入口阀门吹扫氮气分支管阀门;保持体积流量计18旁通阀门、 微通道旁通阀门、配液系统阀门关闭;
步骤三:开启吹扫氮气瓶5阀门进行管路吹扫;
步骤四:关闭吹扫氮气瓶5的阀门和吹扫氮气分支管阀门;
步骤五:打开液化石油气储罐20的阀门,点燃补燃灯;
步骤六:依次打开气化器17、鼓风机12;
步骤七:向开口杜瓦瓶6内倒入液氮;
步骤八:打开数据采集器21和服务器2;
步骤九:打开驱动氮气阀门、第一液体储罐进气阀门、第二液体储罐进气阀门,缓慢调节第一液体储罐出液调节阀、第二液体储罐出液调节阀,观察质量流量计数值,直至将质量流量计数值调整到A组预定值;
步骤十:打开预热器9,缓慢将预热器9功率调整至预定值,以调节温度;
步骤十一:在步骤十得到的温度下,进行试验观察、CCD拍照和数据采集;
步骤十二:调节第一液体储罐出液调节阀和第二液体储罐出液调节阀,观察两个质量流量计的数值,将数值调整到B组预定值,等待流量稳定后,重复步骤十一操作。
步骤十三:重复步骤十二,进行多组不同组分比例混合工质试验;
步骤十四:全部试验结束后,关闭数据采集器21和服务器2;
步骤十五:依次关闭预热器9、鼓风机12;
步骤十六:依次关闭第一液体储罐1的出液调节阀、第二液体储罐2的出液调节阀、驱动氮气阀门、第一液体储罐1的进气阀门、第二液体储罐2的进气阀门;
步骤十七:打开吹扫氮气瓶5的阀门和吹扫氮气分支阀门,进行管路吹扫;
步骤十八:依次关闭汽化器17、液化石油气储罐20的阀门。
步骤十九:关闭吹扫氮气瓶5的阀门和吹扫氮气分支阀门。
步骤二十:待开式杜瓦瓶6内液氮全部蒸发后,关闭试验系统所有阀门。
一组试验完成后,更换第一液体储罐和第二液体储罐内的液体,重复上述试验步骤完成其它组试验。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,其特征在于:包括摄像头、质量流量计和配液装置,摄像头设于干燥箱外且摄像头能够观察干燥箱内部,干燥箱内还设有光源;微通道设于干燥箱内;配液装置连通微通道,质量流量计连接于配液装置,质量流量计连接于服务器;所述配液装置包括混合罐和多个储液罐,所述多个储液罐均连通于混合罐,混合罐连通为通道的一端;微通道的另一端还连通放空机构。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,其特征在于:所述混合罐安装于具有低温环境的舱体内。
- 根据权利要求2所述的一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,其特征在于:所述储液罐包括第一液体储罐和第二液体储罐,第一液体储罐和第二液体储罐用于存储低温工质,第一液体储罐的底部出液口与混合罐通过第一管道相连通,第二液体储罐的底部出液口与混合罐通过第二管道相连通,第一管道和第二管道上分别设置有质量流量计;驱动氮气瓶通过管道分别与第一液体储罐和第二液体储罐的上端进气口相连;混合罐通过第三管道与微通道相连通,第三管道上设过滤器、预热器、温度计和气压计。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,其特征在于:所述干燥箱内还设有反光镜和棱镜,干燥箱与干燥器、鼓风机相连通;干燥箱设有窗口,所述摄像头能够通过窗口观察干燥箱内部;棱镜和反光镜布置在微通道的两侧,棱镜和反光镜构成三维成像光路。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,其特征在于:所述放空机构包括汽化器、体积流量计、放空器和液化石油气储罐,汽化器的一端连通于微通道,汽化器的另一端连通于放空器;液化石油气储罐连通于放空器。
- 根据权利要求5所述的一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,其特征在于:所述体积流量计设旁通管路,管路上设关断阀。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,其特征在于:还包括用于记录数据的服务器,所述摄像头和所述质量流量计均电连接于服务器。
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,其特征在于:还包括吹扫装置,吹扫装置包括气瓶,气瓶连通于配液装置。
- 一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验方法,其特征在于:使用如权利要求1~8任意一项所述的观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验装置,包括以下步骤:预设质量流量计的数据为A、B两组;调试摄像头;对整个装置的管路进行吹扫;在温度A下,开启并调整装置,直至此时质量流量计的数据记录符合A组数据;调节温度,在温度B下,记录此时质量流量计的数据;调节混合罐中的液体的比例,直至此时质量流量计的数据记录符合B组数据;多次调节混合罐中的液体的比例,记录每一次调整后的质量流量计的数据;对整个装置的管路进行吹扫。
- 根据权利要求9所述的一种观察微通道内流动沸腾气泡行为的试验方法,其特征在于:在多个储液罐使用了第一组合的工质进行试验后,将所述多个储液罐内的工质更换为第二组合、第三组合、…、第N组合进行试验。
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