WO2021185277A1 - 中子捕获治疗系统 - Google Patents

中子捕获治疗系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021185277A1
WO2021185277A1 PCT/CN2021/081284 CN2021081284W WO2021185277A1 WO 2021185277 A1 WO2021185277 A1 WO 2021185277A1 CN 2021081284 W CN2021081284 W CN 2021081284W WO 2021185277 A1 WO2021185277 A1 WO 2021185277A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vacuum tube
neutron
removal device
moving
neutron capture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/081284
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
贡秋平
陈韦霖
Original Assignee
中硼(厦门)医疗器械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中硼(厦门)医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 中硼(厦门)医疗器械有限公司
Priority to JP2022556465A priority Critical patent/JP2023518773A/ja
Priority to EP21772230.5A priority patent/EP4122534A4/en
Publication of WO2021185277A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021185277A1/zh
Priority to US17/899,718 priority patent/US20220409933A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21G—CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
    • G21G4/00—Radioactive sources
    • G21G4/02—Neutron sources
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
    • A61N2005/109—Neutrons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1094—Shielding, protecting against radiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radioactive ray irradiation system, in particular to a neutron capture therapy system.
  • radiotherapy such as cobalt sixty, linear accelerator, and electron beam has become one of the main methods of cancer treatment.
  • traditional photon or electron therapy is limited by the physical conditions of radiation itself. While killing tumor cells, it will also cause damage to a large number of normal tissues along the beam path.
  • traditional radiotherapy For more radiation-resistant malignant tumors (such as: glioblastoma multiforme, melanoma), the treatment effect is often poor.
  • neutron capture therapy is a combination of the above two concepts, such as boron neutron capture therapy, through the specific accumulation of boron-containing drugs in tumor cells, combined with precise neutron beam control, to provide better than traditional radiation Cancer treatment options.
  • the charged particle beam is accelerated by the accelerator, and the charged particle beam is accelerated to an energy sufficient to overcome the Coulomb repulsion of the neutron generating part nucleus in the beam shaping body, and a nuclear reaction occurs with the neutron generating part
  • the neutron generating part will be irradiated by a high-power accelerated charged particle beam during the process of generating neutrons, and the temperature of the neutron generating part will rise significantly, which will affect the service life of the neutron generating part.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a neutron capture therapy system, which includes a vacuum tube for transmitting a beam of charged particles and a neutralizer for generating a neutron beam.
  • a sub-generating part and a beam shaping body for shaping a neutron beam the beam shaping body is provided with a receiving part, the vacuum tube includes a first end and a second end, and the neutron generating part is arranged at the first end
  • the vacuum tube includes a first position and a second position, and the neutron capture treatment system further includes a removal device for moving the vacuum tube between the first position and the second position.
  • the vacuum tube is located in the first position, and the neutron generating part can be The particle beam reacts to generate neutrons; the vacuum tube is located at the second position, and the neutron generating part is located outside the beam shaping body.
  • the removal device includes a moving part that drives the movement of the vacuum tube.
  • the moving part includes a third position and a fourth position. Move between the third position and the fourth position. When the moving part is in the third position, the vacuum tube is in the first position; when the moving part is in the fourth position, the vacuum tube is in the second position.
  • the removal device further includes at least one clamping part capable of clamping or loosening the vacuum tube, and the clamping part moves in the X direction along with the moving part.
  • there are four clamping parts each of two clamping parts is a group, and each group has two and is arranged up and down.
  • the clamping part is a round hole-shaped structure, and the vacuum tube is clamped by expanding or reducing the round hole of the clamping part.
  • the removal device further includes a tensioning portion supporting the clamping portion, the tensioning portion moves in the X direction with the moving portion, the clamping portion passes through the tensioning portion and rotates relative to the tensioning portion to clamp Tighten or loosen the vacuum tube.
  • the tensioning portion is provided with a first through hole, the clamping portion passes through the first through hole and is supported by the hole wall of the first through hole, and the clamping portion rotates in the first through hole to clamp Tighten or loosen the vacuum tube.
  • the removal device further includes a resisting portion fixedly connected to the moving portion.
  • the resisting portion In the X direction, the resisting portion is closer to the vacuum tube than the tightening portion, and the tightening portion includes a fifth position and a sixth position.
  • a connecting piece extends from the tightening portion to the resisting portion, and the connecting piece passes through the resisting portion to allow the tightening portion to move between the fifth position and the sixth position.
  • the vacuum tube also includes a seventh position between the first position and the second position. When the tensioning part is in the fifth position, the vacuum tube is in the first position; when the tensioning part is in the sixth position, the vacuum tube is in the seventh position.
  • the holding part is held against the second end of the vacuum tube; the clamping part passes through the holding part through the tensioning part and is located on the surface of the vacuum tube to clamp or loosen the vacuum tube.
  • the holding portion is provided with a second through hole, the connecting piece is supported by the hole wall of the second through hole, and the connecting piece passes through the second through hole and moves relative to the second through hole to allow the tensioning portion to Movement between the fifth position and the sixth position.
  • the resisting portion is also provided with a third through hole penetrating the resisting portion, and the clamping portion passes through the first through hole and passes through the third through hole to be located on the surface of the vacuum tube.
  • the size of the third through hole is larger than that of the first through hole.
  • the size of the hole is such that the rotation range of the clamping part in the first through hole is not restricted by the third through hole, thereby facilitating the clamping part to clamp or loosen the vacuum tube.
  • the setting of the resisting part provides the resisting force of the vacuum tube in addition to the clamping force of the clamping part, so that the vacuum tube can maintain a balance during the movement between the first position and the second position, and reduces the vacuum tube during the movement.
  • the inclination and the dryness of the receiving part of the beam shaping body make it easier for the vacuum tube to be removed from the beam shaping body.
  • the moving portion, the tensioning portion and the resisting portion are all plate-shaped structures
  • the movable portion includes a first side surface and a second side surface disposed opposite to the first side surface
  • the resisting portion includes a third side surface and a second side surface.
  • the tensioning portion includes a fifth side face and a sixth side face opposite to the fifth side face
  • the third side face, the fourth side face, the fifth side face and the sixth side face are parallel to each other
  • the third side, the fourth side, the fifth side and the sixth side are all perpendicular to the first side and the second side.
  • the first through hole penetrates through the sixth side from the fifth side
  • the second through hole penetrates through the fourth from the third side.
  • the third through hole penetrates the fourth side surface from the third side surface.
  • the removal device further includes an alignment portion for determining the relative position of the removal device and the vacuum tube, the alignment portion is provided at the holding portion, and the clamping portion is closer to the vacuum tube than the alignment portion ⁇ The outer surface.
  • the alignment part is used to align the removal device and the vacuum tube, that is, to determine the relative position relationship between the removal device and the vacuum tube.
  • the clamping part of the removal device is located in the vacuum tube Outside. In this embodiment, there are four alignment parts, and they are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the clamping part.
  • the number of alignment portions may be any number, as long as the arrangement of the alignment portions does not hinder the operation of the clamping portion and can play a role of guiding alignment.
  • the alignment part is a round hole-shaped structure that can be enlarged or reduced, and the entire removal device is guided to align the position of the vacuum tube by enlarging or reducing the round hole of the alignment part.
  • the removal device further includes two reinforcing parts connected to the first side surface of the moving part and the fourth side surface of the resisting part, and the tension part is located between the moving part and the two reinforcing parts.
  • the removal device further includes a shielding part for shielding the neutron generating part, the clamping part and the moving part are both located in the shielding part and moving in the shielding part.
  • the shielding portion includes a bottom wall provided with the moving portion, a top wall disposed opposite to the bottom wall, and a side wall connecting the bottom wall and the top wall. The walls are connected to form a shielding space.
  • the clamping part and the moving part are both located in the shielding space and moving in the shielding space.
  • the side wall includes a first side wall, and the first side wall can open or close the shielding part.
  • the vacuum tube can move from the first position to the second position;
  • the vacuum tube is in the second position.
  • a neutron capture therapy system including a neutron capture therapy system
  • the neutron capture therapy system includes a vacuum tube for transmitting a beam of charged particles, and for generating a neutron beam
  • the beam shaping body is provided with a receiving part
  • the neutron generating part is arranged at one end of the vacuum tube
  • the vacuum tube includes a first position and a second position, When the vacuum tube is in the first position, the neutron generation part can react with the charged particle beam to generate neutrons; when the vacuum tube is in the second position, the neutron generation part is located outside the beam shaping body, and the neutron capture treatment system further includes
  • the removal device includes a moving part for driving the vacuum tube to move between the first position and the second position.
  • the removal device further includes a clamping part for clamping the vacuum tube to move it between the first position and the second position.
  • the removal device further includes a shielding part for shielding the neutron generating part, and the moving part is located in the shielding part and capable of moving in the shielding part.
  • the present application also provides a target changing method for a neutron capture therapy system.
  • the target changing method includes the steps of: aligning the vacuum tube and the removal device to determine the relative positions of the two when the vacuum tube is in the first position, and removing the device The clamping part clamps the vacuum tube so that the vacuum tube moves along the X direction between the first position and the second position.
  • the removal device further includes a shielding portion for shielding the neutron generating portion
  • the vacuum tube further includes a seventh position located between a first position and a second position
  • the target changing method includes the steps: When the vacuum tube moves from the first position in the X direction to the seventh position, it is partially contained in the shielding part. When the vacuum tube continues to move in the X direction from the seventh position to the second position, it is completely contained in the shielding part.
  • the movement of the vacuum tube between the first position and the second position in this application includes the movement of the vacuum tube from the first position to the seventh position.
  • the vacuum tube moves from the seventh position to the second position; in addition, because the vacuum tube is always located in the shielded space during the target change process, it can be clearly known that the vacuum tube moves from the first position to the second position every time A displacement distance is equal to the distance that the vacuum tube moves from the beam shaping body to the shielding space.
  • the neutron capture treatment system of the present application reduces the participation of the staff in the process of changing the target through the setting of the removal device, reduces the contact of the staff with the radiation, and reduces the hidden danger of radiation safety.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the neutron capture treatment system of the present application, in which the neutron generating part is located at the first position;
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the neutron capture treatment system shown in Fig. 1 from another angle;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the moving part in Fig. 2 at a third position, wherein the beam shaping body is a partial cross-sectional view;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the removal device to change the target, including the moving part from the third position to the fourth position, the tension part from the fifth position to the sixth position, and the vacuum tube from the first position to the seventh position and the second position. Schematic diagram of the location;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of moving the device away from the beam shaping body after the target replacement is completed
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the removal device of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a removal device that does not include a shielding part
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the removal device shown in Fig. 7 from another angle.
  • the application of neutron capture therapy as an effective means of treating cancer has gradually increased in recent years.
  • boron neutron capture therapy is the most common, and the neutrons for boron neutron capture therapy can be supplied by nuclear reactors or accelerators.
  • the embodiment of the present application takes the accelerator boron neutron capture therapy as an example.
  • the basic components of the accelerator boron neutron capture therapy usually include an accelerator for accelerating charged particles (such as protons, deuterons, etc.), a neutron generator, and a heat generator. Remove the system and beam shaping body.
  • the accelerated charged particles interact with the metal neutron generator to produce neutrons, which are selected according to the required neutron yield and energy, the energy and current of the accelerated charged particles that can be provided, and the physical and chemical properties of the metal neutron generator.
  • Nuclear reaction The nuclear reactions that are often discussed are 7 Li(p,n) 7 Be and 9 Be(p,n) 9 B. Both of these reactions are endothermic reactions.
  • the energy thresholds of the two nuclear reactions are 1.881 MeV and 2.055 MeV, respectively. Since the ideal neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy is keV energy level superthermal neutrons, in theory, if protons with energy slightly higher than the threshold are used to bombard the metal lithium neutron generating part, relatively low energy neutrons can be generated.
  • Too much slowing treatment can be used in clinical applications.
  • the proton interaction cross section of the two neutron generators of lithium metal (Li) and beryllium metal (Be) and the threshold energy is not high.
  • the higher energy protons are used to initiate the nuclear reaction.
  • the ideal neutron generator should have a high neutron yield, the energy distribution of the generated neutrons is close to the superthermal neutron energy zone (described in detail below), there is not much strong penetrating radiation, safe, cheap, easy to operate, and resistant to high temperatures, etc. Characteristics, but it is actually impossible to find a nuclear reaction that meets all the requirements.
  • a neutron generator made of lithium metal is used.
  • the material of the neutron generating part can also be made of other metal materials other than the metal materials discussed above.
  • the requirements for the heat removal system vary according to the selected nuclear reaction.
  • 7 Li(p,n) 7 Be is due to the difference in melting point and thermal conductivity of the metal neutron generating part (lithium metal), the requirements for the heat removal system It is higher than 9 Be(p,n) 9 B.
  • the nuclear reaction of 7 Li(p,n) 7 Be is used. From this, it can be seen that the temperature of the neutron generating part irradiated by the accelerated charged particle beam of high energy level will inevitably rise significantly, which affects the service life of the neutron generating part.
  • the neutron capture therapy system must have the problem of replacing the neutron generating part.
  • this application provides a neutron capture treatment system.
  • the neutron capture treatment system 100 includes a vacuum tube 10 for transmitting the charged particle beam P, and a neutron generation part ( (Not shown), a beam shaping body 20 for shaping the neutron beam N, and a removal device 30 for removing the vacuum tube 10.
  • the beam shaping body 20 is provided with a receiving portion 21.
  • the vacuum tube 10 includes an embedded portion 11 embedded in the receiving portion 21 and extending out of the receiving portion 21 to be located in the beam shaping body 20 ⁇ projection 12.
  • the end of the buried portion 11 is a first end (not numbered), and the end of the extension portion 12 is a second end (not numbered).
  • the neutron generator (not shown) is provided at the first end and moves together with the vacuum tube 10.
  • the vacuum tube 10 includes a first position L1 and a second position L2, and the removal of the device 30 causes the vacuum tube 10 to move between the first position L1 and the second position L2.
  • the neutron generator (not shown) can react with the charged particle beam P to generate neutrons; when the vacuum tube 10 is at the second position L2, the neutron generator (not shown) ) Is located outside the beam shaping body 20.
  • the removal device 30 includes a moving part 31 for driving the vacuum tube 10 to move between the first position L1 and the second position L2, and for clamping the vacuum tube 10 and moving with the moving part 31.
  • the lateral extension direction of the beam shaping body 20 is defined as the X direction
  • the moving part 31 includes a third position L3 and a fourth position L4, and the moving part 31 is at the third position L3 and the fourth position along the X direction. Movement between L4.
  • the vacuum tube 10 is at the first position L1.
  • the neutron generating part (not shown) can react with the charged particle beam to generate neutrons;
  • the moving part 31 is at the fourth position At L4, the vacuum tube 10 is located at the second position L2.
  • the neutron generating part (not shown) is located outside the beam shaping body 20 and is housed in the shielding part (not numbered).
  • each of the two clamping portions 32 is a group, and each group has two and is arranged up and down.
  • the clamping part 32 is located on the outer surface of the vacuum tube 10, and the outer surface of the vacuum tube 10 is tightened or loosened as needed.
  • a flange or groove may also be provided on the vacuum tube, and the clamping part is clamped to the flange or groove of the vacuum tube.
  • the number of clamping parts is two. In order to provide sufficient clamping force for the vacuum tube, the angle between the two clamping parts is set at 180 degrees. Similarly, when the number of clamping parts is three, in order to provide sufficient clamping force for the vacuum tube, the three clamping parts are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the vacuum tube.
  • the clamping portion is a round hole-shaped structure that can be enlarged or reduced, and the vacuum tube is loosened or clamped by expanding or reducing the round hole of the clamping portion.
  • the clamping portion includes a first clamping portion, a second clamping portion whose one end is connected to the first clamping portion and the other end is separated from the first clamping portion, and is used to connect or loosen the first clamping portion and the first clamping portion.
  • the locking parts of the two clamping parts, the first clamping part and the second clamping part are integrally formed, and the number of clamping parts can be considered as one.
  • the first clamping part and the second clamping part are respectively provided with threaded holes at one end, and the locking part includes a screw rod and a nut matched with the screw rod.
  • the screw passes through the threaded hole of the first clamping part and the threaded hole of the second clamping part, and the nut on the screw is screwed to separate or connect the first clamping part and the second clamping part.
  • the first clamping part is connected to the second clamping part.
  • the entire clamping part is in the shape of a round hole, and the tightening degree of the nut determines the aperture size of the round hole, so that the clamping part can clamp or loosen the vacuum tube.
  • the locking portion may also be of other mechanical structures, as long as the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion can clamp or loosen the vacuum tube.
  • the first clamping part and the second clamping part may also have a structure with separate ends, and the clamping part can clamp or loosen the vacuum tube by providing two locking parts. In this case, it can also be considered that the number of clamping parts is two.
  • the removal device 30 further includes a resisting portion 34 fixedly connected to the moving portion 31 and moving together with the moving portion 31, and a tensioning portion 35 capable of moving relative to the resisting portion 34.
  • the holding portion 34 is closer to the neutron generating portion (not shown) than the tension portion 35.
  • the tightening part 35 moves in the X direction along with the moving part 31, and the clamping part 32 passes through the tightening part 35 and rotates relative to the tightening part 35 to clamp or loosen the outer surface of the vacuum tube 10.
  • the moving portion 31, the resisting portion 34 and the tensioning portion 35 are all plate-shaped structures.
  • the moving portion 31 includes a first side surface 311 and a second side surface 312 opposite to the first side surface 311.
  • the resisting portion 34 includes a third side surface 341 and a fourth side surface 342 opposite to the third side surface 341.
  • the tensioning portion 35 includes The fifth side surface 351 and the sixth side surface 352 disposed opposite to the fifth side surface 351.
  • the third side 341, the fourth side 342, the fifth side 351, and the sixth side 352 are parallel to each other, and the third side 341, the fourth side 342, the fifth side 351, and the sixth side 352 are all perpendicular to the first side.
  • a connecting member 353 extends from the fifth side surface 351 of the tensioning portion 35 to the fourth side surface 342 of the resisting portion 34, and at least two rectangular cross-sections extend from the fifth side surface 351 of the tensioning portion 35 to the sixth side surface 352.
  • the second through hole 343 penetrates through the third side surface 341 of the resisting portion 34 to the fourth side surface 342, and the connecting member 353 is supported on the wall of the second through hole 343 and can be connected to the second through hole 343.
  • the hole 343 moves relative to the resisting portion 34 along the X direction, and the tensioning portion 35 moves together with the connecting piece 353.
  • a third through hole 344 corresponding to the first through hole 354 penetrates through the third side surface 341 of the resisting portion 34 toward the fourth side surface 342.
  • the third through hole 344 is also rectangular in cross section, and the clamping portion 32 passes through the first The through hole 354 enters the third through hole 344.
  • the clamping portion 32 is supported by the wall of the first through hole 354, and can be rotated in the first through hole 354 and the third through hole 344 through the support of the first through hole 354, thereby clamping or releasing the outside of the vacuum tube 10 surface.
  • the size of the third through hole 344 is larger than the size of the first through hole 354 .
  • the tension part 35 has a fifth position L5 and a sixth position L6.
  • the vacuum tube 10 also includes a seventh position L7 between the first position L1 and the second position L2. The movement in the two through holes 343 relative to the resisting portion 34 moves between the fifth position L5 and the sixth position L6.
  • the tensioning portion 35 When the tensioning portion 35 is located at the fifth position L5, the vacuum tube 10 is located at the first position L1; when the tensioning portion 35 is located at the sixth position L6, the vacuum tube 10 is located at the seventh position L7, and the holding portion 34 is held against the vacuum tube at this time 10 of the end of the projecting portion 12.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that before the moving part 31 drives the vacuum tube 10 to move to the second position L2, the tension part 35 moves from the fifth position L5 to the sixth position L6 to drive the clamping part 32 clamping the vacuum tube 10 to move.
  • the end of the extension portion 12 of the vacuum tube 10 is pressed against the resisting portion 34, that is, the vacuum tube 10 is moved to the seventh position L7.
  • the resisting portion 34 also provides a resisting force to the vacuum tube 10, so that the vacuum tube 10 can maintain a balance during the movement and prevent the vacuum tube
  • the vacuum tube 10 tilts and becomes dry with the receiving portion 21, which makes the vacuum tube 10 easier to move out of the receiving portion 21.
  • the vacuum tube 10 can be completely buried in the receiving portion 21 without the need to provide an extension.
  • the clamping portion 32 directly extends into the receiving portion 21 to clamp the vacuum tube 10, or By setting the clamping portion, the clamping portion can clamp the second end of the vacuum tube, so that the vacuum tube 10 moves between the third position L3 and the fourth position L4 in the first position L1 and the fourth position L4. Movement between the second position L2.
  • a filling part (not numbered) for shielding is provided between the inner wall of the receiving part 21 and the outer wall of the vacuum tube 10.
  • the shielding portion (not numbered) includes a top wall 331, a bottom wall 332 opposite to the top wall 331, side walls 333 connecting the top wall 331 and the bottom wall 332, the top wall 331, the bottom wall 332, and the side wall 333
  • a shielding space 334 accommodating the moving part 31, the tension part 35 and the resisting part 34 is formed therebetween.
  • the moving part 31 is disposed on the bottom wall 332, and the moving part 31, the clamping part 32, the tensioning part 35 and the resisting part 34 all move in the shielding space 334.
  • the side wall 333 includes a first side wall 335 that can be opened or closed.
  • the vacuum tube 10 can move from the first position L1 to the second position L2; When 10 is in the second position L2, the first side wall 335 is closed, and the vacuum tube 10 is shielded.
  • the distance that the vacuum tube 10 moves from the first position L1 to the second position L2 is always equal to the distance that the vacuum tube 10 moves from the beam shaping body 20 into the shielding space 334.
  • the removal device 30 further includes two reinforcement portions 36 located in the shielding space 334.
  • the reinforcement portions 36 are connected to the first side surface 311 of the moving portion 31 and the fourth side surface 342 of the resisting portion 34,
  • the tight part 35 is located between the moving part 31 and the two reinforcing parts 36.
  • the provision of the reinforcing part 36 can increase the overall strength of the removal device 30.
  • the third side surface 341 of the resisting portion 34 also holds at least two alignment portions 37 for determining the relative position of the removal device 30 and the vacuum tube 10, and the clamping portion 32 is located on the outer surface of the vacuum tube 10.
  • each group of aligning parts 37 is located outside each group of clamping parts 32.
  • each set of alignment portions 37 are located outside each set of clamping portions 32 can be understood to mean that when the moving portion 31 is located at the third position L3, the clamping portion 32 is closer to the outside of the vacuum tube 10 relative to the alignment portion 37. surface.
  • the removal device 30 also includes a driving part (not labeled).
  • the driving part includes a first driving part 41 for driving the moving part 31 to move between the third position L3 and the fourth position L4, and a second driving part for driving the clamping part 32 to clamp or loosen the outer surface of the vacuum tube 10 Part 42 is used to drive the third driving part 43 of the tension part 35 to move between the fifth position L5 and the sixth position L6 and the fourth driving part to drive the first side wall 335 to open or close the shielding part (not numbered) 44.
  • the first driving part 41 and the fourth driving part 44 are both rodless cylinders, the first side surface 311 of the moving part 31 is provided on the first driving part 41, and the moving part 31 is actuated by the first driving part 41. It moves between the third position L3 and the fourth position L4; the first side wall 335 is disposed on the fourth driving part 44, and the first side wall 335 is opened or closed under the action of the fourth driving part.
  • the second driving portion 42 is a thin air claw cylinder.
  • the third driving portion 43 is a telescopic cylinder.
  • One end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the fourth side surface 342 of the holding portion 34, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fifth side surface 351 of the tensioning portion 35.
  • the operation of the third driving portion 43 is Under movement, the tensioning portion 35 moves relative to the resisting portion 34 between the fifth position L5 and the sixth position L6.
  • the neutron capture treatment system 100 further includes a movable support part 50, the removal device 30 is disposed on the support part 50, and the fourth driving part 44 is disposed on the side surface of the support part 50 close to the beam shaping body 20.
  • the support part 50 is adjusted according to the alignment part 37 so that the clamping part 32 is located on the outer surface of the extension part 12 of the vacuum tube 10 to determine the relative position of the removal device 30 and the vacuum tube.
  • the direction perpendicular to the X direction is defined as the Y direction.
  • the supporting portion 50 can also be extended or contracted along the Y direction.
  • the target replacement process of the removal device 30 will be described below.
  • the first driving part 41 drives the moving part 31 to move to the third position L3.
  • the extension 12 of the vacuum tube 10 enters the shielding space 334 of the shielding part, the vacuum tube is located at the first position L1, and the fourth driving part 44 drives The first side wall 335 opens the shielding portion, the clamping portion 32 is located in the vacuum tube 10 and is in a loose state, and the tension portion 35 is located at the fifth position L5;
  • the clamping part 32 is driven by the second driving part 42 to clamp the outer surface of the vacuum tube 10;
  • the third driving part 43 drives the tension part 35 to move from the fifth position L5 to the sixth position L6, and at this time the vacuum tube 10 moves from the first position L1 to the seventh position L7;
  • the first driving part 41 drives the moving part 31 to move from the third position L3 to the fourth position L4. At this time, the vacuum tube moves from the seventh position L7 to the second position L2. At this time, the vacuum tube 10 is completely contained in the shielding space 334;
  • the fourth driving part 44 drives the first side wall 335 to close the shielding part

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Abstract

一种中子捕获治疗系统，包括用于传输带电粒子射束的真空管、用于产生中子射束的中子产生部以及对中子射束进行整形的射束整形体，所述射束整形体开设有收容部，中子产生部设于真空管的端部，真空管包括第一位置和第二位置，所述中子捕获治疗系统还包括移出装置，所述移出装置包括带动真空管运动的移动部，移动部包括第三位置和第四位置，当移动部位于第三位置时，真空管位于第一位置；当移动部位于第四位置时，真空管位于第二位置，此时中子产生部位于射束整形体外侧。即，通过移出装置的设置拆卸具有中子产生部的真空管，减少工作人员与发生核反应后中子产生部间的直接接触，降低工作人员的辐射安全隐患。

Description

中子捕获治疗系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种放射性射线辐照系统，尤其涉及一种中子捕获治疗系统。
背景技术
随着原子科学的发展，例如钴六十、直线加速器、电子射束等放射线治疗已成为癌症治疗的主要手段之一。然而传统光子或电子治疗受到放射线本身物理条件的限制，在杀死肿瘤细胞的同时，也会对射束途径上大量的正常组织造成伤害；另外由于肿瘤细胞对放射线敏感程度的不同，传统放射治疗对于较具抗辐射性的恶性肿瘤(如：多行性胶质母细胞瘤(glioblastoma multiforme)、黑色素细胞瘤(melanoma))的治疗成效往往不佳。
为了减少肿瘤周边正常组织的辐射伤害，化学治疗(chemoherapy)中的标靶治疗概念便被应用于放射线治疗中；而针对高抗辐射性的肿瘤细胞，目前也积极发展具有高相对生物效应(relaive biological effeciveness,RBE)的辐射源，如质子治疗、重粒子治疗、中子捕获治疗等。其中，中子捕获治疗便是结合上述两种概念，如硼中子捕获治疗，借由含硼药物在肿瘤细胞的特异性集聚，配合精准的中子射束调控，提供比传统放射线更好的癌症治疗选择。
在加速器中子捕获治疗系统中，通过加速器将带电粒子束加速，所述带电粒子束加速至足以克服射束整形体内的中子产生部原子核库伦斥力的能量，与所述中子产生部发生核反应以产生中子，因此在产生中子的过程中中子产生部会受到高功率的加速带电粒子束的照射，中子产生部的温度会大幅上升，从而影响中子产生部的使用寿命，因此为了对中子产生部的更换是很有必要的，而被高能量等级的加速带电粒子束照射的中子产生部势必会存有大量的辐射线，因此更换中子产生部时势必会存在辐射安全隐患。
发明内容
为了提供一种减少辐射安全隐患的中子捕获治疗系统，本申请的一个实施例提供一种中子捕获治疗系统，包括用于传输带电粒子射束的真空管、用于产生中子射束的中子产生部以及对中子射束进行整形的射束整形体，所述射束整形体开设有收容部，真空管包括第一端部和第二端部，中子产生部设于第一端部，真空管包括第一位置和第二位置，所述中子捕获治疗系统还包括使真空管在第一位置和第二位置之间运动的移出装置，真空管位于第一位置，中子产生部能够与带电粒子束发生反应以产生中子；真空管位于第二位置，中子产生部位于射束整形体外侧。
作为一种优选地，所述移出装置包括带动真空管运动的移动部，移动部包括第三位置和 第四位置，定义射束整形体的横向延伸方向为X方向，移动部沿着X方向在第三位置和第四位置之间运动，当移动部位于第三位置时，真空管位于第一位置；当移动部位于第四位置时，真空管位于第二位置。
进一步地，所述移出装置还包括至少一个能够夹紧真空管或者松开真空管的夹持部，所述夹持部随着移动部在X方向上移动。本实施方式中，夹持部为四个，每两个夹持部为一组，每组有两个且呈上下排布。当然，夹持部可以是任意数量的，只要夹持部的设置能够夹紧或者松开真空管，并且能够夹持住真空管随着移动部一起运动即可。再比如，夹持部是一个圆孔形结构，通过扩大或者缩小夹持部的圆孔夹紧真空管。
进一步地，所述移出装置还包括支撑夹持部的拉紧部，所述拉紧部随着移动部在X方向上移动，夹持部穿过拉紧部并相对拉紧部转动，以夹紧或者松开真空管。具体地，所述拉紧部设有第一通孔，所述夹持部穿过第一通孔而被第一通孔的孔壁支撑，夹持部在第一通孔中转动，以夹紧或者松开真空管。
进一步地，所述移出装置还包括固定连接于移动部的抵持部，在X方向上，所述抵持部相对拉紧部更靠近真空管，所述拉紧部包括第五位置和第六位置，所述拉紧部向抵持部延伸有连接件，所述连接件穿过抵持部而允许拉紧部在第五位置和第六位置之间运动。所述真空管还包括位于第一位置和第二位置之间的第七位置，当拉紧部位于第五位置时，真空管位于第一位置；当拉紧部位于第六位置时，真空管位于第七位置，抵持部抵持于真空管的第二端部；夹持部经过拉紧部穿过抵持部而位于真空管表面，以夹紧或者松开真空管。具体地，所述抵持部设有第二通孔，连接件被第二通孔的孔壁支撑，所述连接件穿过第二通孔并相对第二通孔运动以允许拉紧部在第五位置和第六位置之间运动。抵持部还设有贯穿抵持部的第三通孔，夹持部经过第一通孔穿过第三通孔而位于真空管表面，本实施方式中，第三通孔的尺寸大于第一通孔的尺寸以使夹持部在第一通孔中的转动范围不被第三通孔所限制，从而利于夹持部夹紧或者松开真空管。抵持部的设置提供给了真空管除夹持部的夹持力以外的抵持力，使得真空管在第一位置和第二位置之间运动的过程中能够保持平衡，减少了真空管在运动过程中发生倾斜而与射束整形体的收容部发生干涩，使得真空管更易于从射束整形体中移出。
进一步地，所述移动部、拉紧部和抵持部均为板状结构，移动部包括第一侧面以及与第一侧面相对设置的第二侧面，抵持部部包括第三侧面以及与第三侧面相对设置的第四侧面，拉紧部包括第五侧面以及与第五侧面相对设置的第六侧面，所述第三侧面、第四侧面、第五侧面以及第六侧面之间相互平行，第三侧面、第四侧面、第五侧面以及第六侧面均垂直于第一侧面和第二侧面，第一通孔自第五侧面贯穿第六侧面，第二通孔自第三侧面贯穿第四侧面，第三通孔自第三侧面贯穿第四侧面。
作为一种优选地，所述移出装置还包括用于确定移出装置与真空管相对位置对准部，所述对准部设于抵持部，所述夹持部相较于对准部更加靠近真空管的外表面。对准部是用于使移出装置与真空管的对位，即用于确定移出装置与真空管的相对位置关系，当根据对准部确定移出装置和真空管的位置后，移出装置的夹持部位于真空管外侧。本实施方式中，对准部为四个，并且均匀分布于夹持部的外周。在其他实施方式中，对准部部可以是任意数量的，只要对准部的设置不妨碍夹持部的作动，并且能够起到引导对准的作用即可。比如，对准部是一个能够扩大或者缩小的圆孔形结构，通过扩大或者缩小对准部的圆孔引导整个移出装置与真空管对准位置。
进一步地，所述移出装置还包括两个加强部，所述加强部连接于移动部的第一侧面和抵持部的第四侧面，拉紧部位于移动部和两个加强部之间。
进一步地，所述移出装置还包括用于屏蔽中子产生部的屏蔽部，所述夹持部和移动部均位于屏蔽部内并在屏蔽部内运动，当真空管位于第二位置时，所述中子产生部收容于屏蔽部内。作为一种具体的实施方式，所述屏蔽部包括设置所述移动部的底壁、与底壁相对设置的顶壁以及连接底壁和顶壁的侧壁，所述顶壁、底壁以及侧壁连接形成屏蔽空间，所述夹持部和移动部均位于屏蔽空间中并在屏蔽空间中运动，当真空管位于第二位置时，所述中子产生部收容于屏蔽空间内。
进一步地，所述侧壁包括第一侧壁，所述第一侧壁能够打开或者关闭屏蔽部，当第一侧壁打开屏蔽部时，真空管能够从第一位置向第二位置运动；当第一侧壁关闭屏蔽部时，真空管位于第二位置。
本申请的另一个实施例提供一种中子捕获治疗系统，包括一种中子捕获治疗系统，所述中子捕获治疗系统包括用于传输带电粒子射束的真空管、用于产生中子射束的中子产生部以及对中子射束进行整形的射束整形体，所述射束整形体开设有收容部，中子产生部设于真空管的一端，真空管包括第一位置和第二位置，真空管位于第一位置时，中子产生部能够与带电粒子束发生反应以产生中子；真空管位于第二位置时，中子产生部位于射束整形体外侧，所述中子捕获治疗系统还包括移出装置，移出装置包括移动部，所述移动部用于带动真空管在第一位置和第二位置之间运动。
进一步地，所述移出装置还包括夹持部，所述夹持部用于夹持真空管，使其在第一位置和第二位置之间运动。
进一步地，所述移出装置还包括用于屏蔽中子产生部的屏蔽部，所述移动部位于屏蔽部内并能够在屏蔽部内运动。
本申请还提供一种中子捕获治疗系统的换靶方法，所述换靶方法包括步骤：在真空管位于第一位置时，将真空管与移出装置对准以确定二者的相对位置，移出装置的夹持部夹紧真空管，使得真空管在第一位置和第二位置之间沿着X方向进行运动。
进一步地，所述移出装置还包括用于屏蔽中子产生部的屏蔽部，所述真空管还包括位于第一位置和第二位置之间的第七位置，所述换靶方法包括步骤：所述真空管从第一位置沿X方向运动到第七位置时，被部分地收容在屏蔽部内，所述真空管继续沿X方向从第七位置运动到第二位置时，被完全收容在屏蔽部内。
本申请中，因为第七位置位于第一位置和第二位置之间，因此，本申请中所述真空管在第一位置和第二位置之间运动包括了真空管从第一位置运动到第七位置以及真空管从第七位置运动到第二位置；另，因为在换靶过程中，真空管始终位于屏蔽空间内，因此可以明确知晓的是，真空管在从第一位置向第二位置运动过程中的每一个位移距离都是等于真空管从射束整形体向屏蔽空间方向移动的距离。
本申请中子捕获治疗系统通过移出装置的设置减少了工作人员在换靶过程中的参与度，减少了工作人员与辐射线的接触，减少辐射安全隐患。
附图说明
图1是本申请中子捕获治疗系统的立体图，其中，中子产生部位于第一位置；
图2是图1所示中子捕获治疗系统另一个角度的示意图；
图3是图2中移动部位于第三位置的示意图，其中，射束整形体为局部剖视；
图4是移出装置换靶的示意图，其中包括移动部从第三位置运动到第四位，拉紧部从第五位置运动到第六位置以及真空管从第一位置运动到第七位置和第二位置的示意图；
图5是换靶完成后，移出装置远离射束整形体的示意图；
图6是本申请移出装置的示意图；
图7是未包括屏蔽部的移出装置的示意图；
图8是图7所示移出装置另一个角度的示意图。
具体实施方式
中子捕获治疗作为一种有效的治疗癌症的手段近年来的应用逐渐增加，其中以硼中子捕获治疗最为常见，供应硼中子捕获治疗的中子可以由核反应堆或加速器供应。本申请的实施例以加速器硼中子捕获治疗为例，加速器硼中子捕获治疗的基本组件通常包括用于对带电粒子(如质子、氘核等)进行加速的加速器、中子产生部与热移除系统以及射束整形体。其中加速带电粒子与金属中子产生部作用产生中子，依据所需的中子产率与能量、可提供的加速带电粒子能量与电流大小、金属中子产生部的物化性等特性来挑选合适的核反应。常被讨论 的核反应有 7Li(p,n) 7Be及 9Be(p,n) 9B，这两种反应皆为吸热反应，两种核反应的能量阈值分别为1.881MeV和2.055MeV。由于硼中子捕获治疗的理想中子源为keV能量等级的超热中子，理论上若使用能量仅稍高于阈值的质子轰击金属锂中子产生部，可产生相对低能的中子，不须太多的缓速处理便可用于临床，然而锂金属(Li)和铍金属(Be)两种中子产生部与阈值能量的质子作用截面不高，为产生足够大的中子通量，通常选用较高能量的质子来引发核反应。
理想的中子产生部应具备高中子产率、产生的中子能量分布接近超热中子能区(将在下文详细描述)、无太多强穿辐射产生、安全便宜易于操作且耐高温等特性，但实际上并无法找到符合所有要求的核反应。本申请的实施例中采用锂金属制成的中子产生部。但是本领域技术人员熟知的，中子产生部的材料也可以由其他除了上述谈论到的金属材料之外的金属材料制成。
针对热移除系统的要求则根据选择的核反应而异，如 7Li(p,n) 7Be因金属中子产生部(锂金属)的熔点及热导系数差，对热移除系统的要求便较 9Be(p,n) 9B高。本申请的实施例中采用 7Li(p,n) 7Be的核反应。由此可知，受到高能量等级的加速带电粒子束照射的中子产生部的温度必然会大幅上升，从而影响中子产生部的使用寿命。
因此中子捕获治疗系统必然存在更换中子产生部的问题。为了解决该问题，同时，尽可能减少工作人员与辐射线的接触，本申请提供一种中子捕获治疗系统。
因为对换靶人员的主要辐射是来源于带电粒子束照射至中子产生部后发生核反应产生的辐射线，所以本申请旨在说明拆卸发生核反应后的中子产生部，而不去说明安装新的中子产生部。
如图1和图2所示，中子捕获治疗系统100包括用于传输带电粒子射束P的真空管10、设于真空管10的端部以用于产生中子射束N的中子产生部(未图示)、对中子射束N进行整形的射束整形体20以及拆卸真空管10的移出装置30。
结合图3至图5，所述射束整形体20开设有收容部21，本实施方式中，真空管10包括埋设于收容部21内的埋设部11以及延伸出收容部21而位于射束整形体20外的伸出部12。埋设部11的端部为第一端部(未标号)，伸出部12的端部为第二端部(未标号)。中子产生部(未图示)设于第一端部并随着真空管10共同运动。真空管10包括第一位置L1和第二位置L2，移出装置30使得真空管10在第一位置L1和第二位置L2之间运动。当真空管10位于第一位置L1时，中子产生部(未图示)能够与带电粒子束P发生反应以产生中子；当真空管10位于第二位置L2时，中子产生部(未图示)位于射束整形体20外侧。
参图6至图8，所述移出装置30包括用于带动真空管10在第一位置L1和第二位置L2 之间运动的移动部31、用于夹持真空管10并随着移动部31一起运动的夹持部32以及用于屏蔽设有中子产生部(未图示)的真空管10的屏蔽部(未标号)。
结合图4，定义射束整形体20的横向延伸方向为X方向，所述移动部31包括第三位置L3和第四位置L4，移动部31沿着X方向在第三位置L3和第四位置L4之间运动。当移动部31位于第三位置L3时，真空管10位于第一位置L1，此时中子产生部(未图示)能够与带电粒子束发生反应以产生中子；当移动部31位于第四位置L4时，真空管10位于第二位置L2，此时中子产生部(未图示)位于射束整形体20的外侧并收容于屏蔽部(未标号)内。
结合图6，本申请实施例中夹持部32为四个，每两个夹持部32为一组，每组有两个且呈上下排布。当移动部31位于第三位置L3时，所述夹持部32位于真空管10的外表面，并根据需要加紧或者松开真空管10的外表面。在其他实施方式中，也可以在真空管上设置凸缘或者凹槽，夹持部夹持于真空管的凸缘或者凹槽。当然，夹持部32可以是任意数量的，只要夹持部32的设置能够夹紧或者松开真空管10，并且能够使真空管10随着移动部31一起运动即可。比如，夹持部的数量为两个，为了提供给真空管足够的夹持力，所述两个夹持部之间的角度呈180度设置。同样地，当夹持部的数量为三个时，为了提供给真空管足够的夹持力，三个夹持部均匀分布在真空管的周向。再比如，夹持部是一个能够扩大或者缩小的圆孔形结构，通过扩大或者缩小夹持部的圆孔松开或者夹紧真空管。具体地，夹持部包括第一夹持部、一端连接于第一夹持部另一端与第一夹持部分开的第二夹持部以及用于连接或者松开第一夹持部和第二夹持部的锁扣部，第一夹持部和第二夹持部一体成型，可以认为夹持部数量为一个。作为一种实施方式，第一夹持部和第二夹持部分开的一端分别设有螺纹孔，锁扣部包括螺杆和与螺杆配合的螺母。螺杆穿过第一夹持部的螺纹孔和第二夹持部的螺纹孔，旋拧螺杆上的螺母使第一夹持部和第二夹持部分开或者连接，第一夹持部和第二夹持部连接在一起时整个夹持部呈圆孔状，螺母的拧紧程度决定了圆孔的孔径大小，以使夹持部夹紧或者松开真空管。锁紧部也可以是其他机械结构，只要能够使第一夹持部和第二夹持部夹紧或者松开真空管即可。另外，第一夹持部和第二夹持部也可以是两端都分开的结构，通过设置两个锁扣部使夹持部夹紧或者松开真空管。这种情况下也可以认为夹持部的数量为两个。
结合图7和图8，所述移出装置30还包括固定连接于移动部31并随着移动部31共同运动的抵持部34以及能够相对抵持部34运动的拉紧部35。在X方向上，抵持部34相对于拉紧部35更靠近中子产生部(未图示)。所述拉紧部35随着移动部31在X方向上移动，夹持部32穿过拉紧部35并相对拉紧部35转动，以夹紧或者松开真空管10的外表面。本申请中，移动部31、抵持部34和拉紧部35均为板状结构。移动部31包括第一侧面311以及与第一侧面311相对设置的第二侧面312，抵持部34包括第三侧面341以及与第三侧面341相对设 置的第四侧面342，拉紧部35包括第五侧面351以及与第五侧面351相对设置的第六侧面352。所述第三侧面341、第四侧面342、第五侧面351以及第六侧面352之间相互平行，且第三侧面341、第四侧面342、第五侧面351以及第六侧面352均垂直于第一侧面311和第二侧面312。
所述拉紧部35的第五侧面351向抵持部34的第四侧面342延伸有连接件353，拉紧部35的第五侧面351向第六侧面352贯穿有至少两个横截面为长方形的第一通孔354，抵持部34的第三侧面341向第四侧面342贯穿有第二通孔343，所述连接件353支撑于第二通孔343的孔壁并且能够在第二通孔343中沿X方向相对抵持部34运动，拉紧部35随着连接件353共同运动。抵持部34的第三侧面341向第四侧面342贯穿有与第一通孔354对应的第三通孔344，第三通孔344的横截面也为长方形，夹持部32穿过第一通孔354而进入第三通孔344。夹持部32被第一通孔354的孔壁支撑，并且能够通过第一通孔354的支撑在第一通孔354和第三通孔344中转动，从而夹紧或者放开真空管10的外表面。本申请中，为了使夹持部32在第一通孔354中的转动范围不被第三通孔344所限制，在转动方向上，第三通孔344的尺寸大于第一通孔354的尺寸。在X方向上，夹持部32与拉紧部35相对固定，也就是说，在X方向上，夹持部32与拉紧部35一同运动。拉紧部35具有第五位置L5和第六位置L6，所述真空管10还包括位于第一位置L1和第二位置L2之间的第七位置L7，拉紧部35随着连接件353在第二通孔343中的运动相对抵持部34在第五位置L5和第六位置L6之间运动。当拉紧部35位于第五位置L5时，真空管10位于第一位置L1；当拉紧部35位于第六位置L6时，真空管10位于第七位置L7，此时抵持部34抵持于真空管10的伸出部12的端部。这样设置的好处是，在移动部31带动真空管10运动到第二位置L2前，拉紧部35从第五位置L5向第六位置L6运动以带动夹紧了真空管10的夹持部32运动，而使真空管10的伸出部12的端部抵持于抵持部34，也就是使真空管10运动至第七位置L7。因此，在移动真空管10的时候，除了夹持部32提供给真空管10的夹持力，抵持部34还提供给了真空管10抵持力，使得真空管10能够在移动过程中保持平衡，防止真空管10在移动时发生倾斜而与收容部21发生干涩，使真空管10更加易于从收容部21中移出。当然，在其他实施方式中，真空管10可以完全埋设于收容部21内而不需要设置伸出部，此种情况下，夹持部32直接伸入收容部21中对真空管10进行夹持，或者通过对夹持部进行设置使夹持部能够夹持真空管的第二端部，而使真空管10随着移动部31在第三位置L3和第四位置L4之间的运动在第一位置L1和第二位置L2之间运动。在实施过程中，收容部21的内壁与真空管10的外壁之间还设有作屏蔽用处的填充部(未标号)，当夹持部夹持真空管使真空管与移动部一起从第一位置L1向第二位置L2运动时，填充部与真空管一起运动。
所述屏蔽部(未标号)包括顶壁331、与顶壁331相对设置的底壁332，连接顶壁331与底壁332的侧壁333，所述顶壁331、底壁332以及侧壁333之间形成收容移动部31、拉紧部35以及抵持部34的屏蔽空间334。所述移动部31设置在底壁332上，移动部31、夹持部32、拉紧部35以及抵持部34均在屏蔽空间334内移动。所述侧壁333包括第一侧壁335，所述第一侧壁335能够打开或者关闭，当第一侧壁335打开时，真空管10能够从第一位置L1向第二位置L2运动；当真空管10位于第二位置L2时，第一侧壁335关闭，真空管10被屏蔽。真空管10从第一位置L1向第二位置L2运动的距离始终等于真空管10从射束整形体20向屏蔽空间334内运动的距离。
本申请实施方式中，所述移出装置30还包括两个位于屏蔽空间334内的加强部36，加强部36连接于移动部31的第一侧面311和抵持部34的第四侧面342，拉紧部35位于移动部31和两个加强部36之间。加强部36的设置能够增加移出装置30的整体强度。抵持部34的第三侧面341还固持有至少两个用于确定移出装置30与真空管10相对位置的对准部37，而使夹持部32位于真空管10的外表面。本实施方式中，所述对准部37具有四个，每两个对准部37为一组，每组对准部37位于每组夹持部32的外侧。此处所述每组对准部37位于每组夹持部32的外侧可以理解成，当移动部31位于第三位置L3时，夹持部32相对于对准部37更加靠近真空管10的外表面。在移出装置30进行换靶工作前，根据对准部37确定移出装置30与真空管10之间的相对位置。
移出装置30还包括驱动部(未标号)。驱动部包括用于驱动移动部31在第三位置L3和第四位置L4之间运动的第一驱动部41，用于驱动夹持部32夹紧或者松开真空管10的外表面的第二驱动部42，用于驱动拉紧部35在第五位置L5和第六位置L6之间运动的第三驱动部43以及驱动第一侧壁335打开或者关闭屏蔽部(未标号)的第四驱动部44。
本申请中，第一驱动部41和第四驱动部44均为无杆气缸，移动部31的第一侧面311设置于第一驱动部41，移动部31在第一驱动部41的作动下在第三位置L3和第四位置L4之间运动；第一侧壁335设置于第四驱动部44，第一侧壁335在第四驱动部的作动下打开或者关闭。本申请实施方式中，所述第二驱动部42为薄型气爪气缸。所述第三驱动部43为伸缩气缸，伸缩气缸的一端连接于抵持部34的第四侧面342，另一端固定连接于拉紧部35的第五侧面351，在第三驱动部43的作动下，拉紧部35相对抵持部34在第五位置L5和第六位置L6之间运动。
所述中子捕获治疗系统100还包括可以移动的支撑部50，移出装置30设置于支撑部50，第四驱动部44设置在支撑部50靠近射束整形体20的侧面。根据对准部37调整支撑部50， 使夹持部32位于真空管10的伸出部12的外表面，以确定移出装置30和真空管的相对位置。定义与X方向垂直的方向为Y方向，本申请中，所述支撑部50还能够沿Y方向伸长或者缩短。
下面对移出装置30的换靶过程进行说明。
S1，通过对准部37来调整支撑部50以确定移出装置30与真空管10的相对位置；
S2，通过第一驱动部41驱动移动部31运动到第三位置L3，此时真空管10的伸出部12进入屏蔽部的屏蔽空间334内，真空管位于第一位置L1，第四驱动部44驱动第一侧壁335打开屏蔽部，夹持部32位于真空管10并处于松开状态，拉紧部35位于第五位置L5；
S3，通过第二驱动部42驱动夹持部32夹紧真空管10的外表面；
S4，第三驱动部43驱动拉紧部35从第五位置L5运动到第六位置L6，此时真空管10从第一位置L1运动到第七位置L7；
S5，第一驱动部41驱动移动部31从第三位置L3运动到第四位置L4，此时真空管从第七位置L7运动到第二位置L2，此时真空管10完全收容在屏蔽空间334中；
S6，第四驱动部44驱动第一侧壁335关闭屏蔽部；
S7，移动支撑部50，使收容有真空管10的移出装置30远离射束整形体20。
本申请揭示的中子捕获治疗系统并不局限于以上实施例所述的内容以及附图所表示的结构在本申请的基础上对其中构件的材料、形状及位置所做的显而易见地改变、替代或者修改，都在本申请要求保护的范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述中子捕获治疗系统包括用于传输带电粒子射束的真空管、用于产生中子射束的中子产生部以及对中子射束进行整形的射束整形体，所述射束整形体开设有收容部，真空管包括第一端部和第二端部，中子产生部设于真空管的第一端部，真空管包括第一位置和第二位置，所述中子捕获治疗系统还包括使真空管在第一位置和第二位置之间运动的移出装置，真空管位于第一位置，中子产生部能够与带电粒子束发生反应以产生中子；真空管位于第二位置，中子产生部位于射束整形体外侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置包括带动真空管运动的移动部，移动部包括第三位置和第四位置，定义射束整形体的横向延伸方向为X方向，移动部沿着X方向在第三位置和第四位置之间运动，当移动部位于第三位置时，真空管位于第一位置；当移动部位于第四位置时，真空管位于第二位置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置还包括至少一个能够夹紧或者松开真空管的夹持部，所述夹持部随着移动部在X方向上移动。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置还包括支撑所述夹持部的拉紧部，所述拉紧部随着移动部在X方向上移动，夹持部穿过拉紧部并相对拉紧部转动，以夹紧或者松开真空管。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置还包括固定连接于移动部的抵持部，在X方向上，所述抵持部相对拉紧部更靠近真空管，所述拉紧部包括第五位置和第六位置，所述拉紧部向抵持部延伸有连接件，所述连接件穿过抵持部而允许拉紧部在第五位置和第六位置之间运动，所述真空管还包括位于第一位置和第二位置之间的第七位置，当拉紧部位于第五位置时，真空管位于第一位置；当拉紧部位于第六位置时，真空管位于第七位置，抵持部抵持于真空管的第二端部；夹持部经过拉紧部穿过抵持部以夹紧或者松开真空管。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移动部、拉紧部和抵持部均为板状结构，移动部包括第一侧面以及与第一侧面相对设置的第二侧面，抵持部部包括第三侧面以及与第三侧面相对设置的第四侧面，拉紧部包括第五侧面以及与第五侧面相对设置的第六侧面，所述第三侧面、第四侧面、第五侧面以及第六侧面之间相互平行，第三侧面、第四侧面、第五侧面以及第六侧面均垂直于第一侧面和第二侧面。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置还包括用于确定移出装置与真空管相对位置对准部，所述对准部设于抵持部，所述夹持部相较于对准部更加靠近真空管的外表面。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置还包括两个加强部，所述加强部连接于移动部的第一侧面和抵持部的第四侧面，拉紧部位于移动部和两个加强部之间。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置还包括用于屏蔽中子产生部的屏蔽部，所述夹持部和移动部均位于屏蔽部内并在屏蔽部内运动，当真空管位 于第二位置时，所述中子产生部收容于屏蔽部内。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述屏蔽部包括第一侧壁，所述第一侧壁能够打开或者关闭屏蔽部，当第一侧壁打开屏蔽部时，真空管能够从第一位置向第二位置运动；当第一侧壁关闭屏蔽部时，真空管位于第二位置。
  11. 一种中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述中子捕获治疗系统包括用于传输带电粒子射束的真空管、用于产生中子射束的中子产生部以及对中子射束进行整形的射束整形体，所述射束整形体开设有收容部，中子产生部设于真空管的一端，真空管包括第一位置和第二位置，真空管位于第一位置时，中子产生部能够与带电粒子束发生反应以产生中子；真空管位于第二位置时，中子产生部位于射束整形体外侧，所述中子捕获治疗系统还包括移出装置，移出装置包括移动部，所述移动部用于带动真空管在第一位置和第二位置之间运动。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置还包括夹持部，所述夹持部用于夹持真空管，使其在第一位置和第二位置之间运动。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的中子捕获治疗系统，其特征在于：所述移出装置还包括用于屏蔽中子产生部的屏蔽部，所述移动部位于屏蔽部内并能够在屏蔽部内运动。
  14. 一种如权利要求12所述的中子捕获治疗系统的换靶方法，所述换靶方法包括步骤：在真空管位于第一位置时，将真空管与移出装置对准以确定二者的相对位置，移出装置的夹持部夹紧真空管，使得真空管在第一位置和第二位置之间沿着X方向进行运动。
  15. 一种如权利要求13所述的中子捕获治疗系统的换靶方法，所述真空管还包括位于第一位置和第二位置之间的第七位置，所述换靶方法包括步骤：所述真空管从第一位置沿X方向运动到第七位置时，被部分地收容在屏蔽部内，所述真空管继续沿X方向从第七位置运动到第二位置时，被完全收容在屏蔽部内。
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EP4122534A1 (en) 2023-01-25
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