WO2021182802A1 - 비디오 또는 영상 코딩 시스템에서의 타일과 관련된 정보 및 슬라이스와 관련된 정보에 기반한 영상 코딩 방법 - Google Patents
비디오 또는 영상 코딩 시스템에서의 타일과 관련된 정보 및 슬라이스와 관련된 정보에 기반한 영상 코딩 방법 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- This document relates to video/image coding technology, and more particularly, to a video coding method based on tile-related information and slice-related information in a video or image coding system.
- VR Virtual Reality
- AR Artificial Realtiy
- holograms broadcasting is on the rise.
- a high-efficiency image/video compression technology is required to effectively compress, transmit, store, and reproduce information of high-resolution and high-quality images/videos having various characteristics as described above.
- a method and apparatus for increasing image/video coding efficiency are provided.
- a method and an apparatus for efficiently performing coding through picture partitioning are provided.
- a method and apparatus for signaling information related to a tile and information related to a slice are provided.
- a method and apparatus for signaling information related to a tile column based on frequency information for tile columns having the same width are provided.
- a method and apparatus for signaling information related to a tile row based on frequency information on tile rows having the same height are provided.
- a video/image decoding method performed by a decoding apparatus is provided.
- a decoding apparatus for performing video/image decoding.
- a video/image encoding method performed by an encoding apparatus is provided.
- an encoding apparatus for performing video/image encoding is provided.
- a computer-readable digital storage medium in which encoded video/image information generated according to the video/image encoding method disclosed in at least one of the embodiments of this document is stored.
- encoded information or encoded video/image information causing the decoding apparatus to perform the video/image decoding method disclosed in at least one of the embodiments of this document is stored;
- a storage medium is provided.
- overall video/image compression efficiency may be increased.
- coding may be efficiently performed through picture partitioning.
- information related to a tile and information related to a slice may be signaled.
- slice-related information when one tile exists in a picture and slices present in the picture are rectangular slices, slice-related information can be efficiently signaled.
- information related to a tile column may be signaled based on frequency information on tile columns having the same width.
- information related to a tile row may be signaled based on frequency information on tile rows having the same height.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a video/image coding system to which embodiments of this document can be applied.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a video/image encoding apparatus to which embodiments of the present document may be applied.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a video/image decoding apparatus to which embodiments of the present document may be applied.
- 5 to 8 show an embodiment in which a picture is divided into slices and tiles.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 schematically show an example of a video/image encoding method and related components according to embodiment(s) of this document.
- 11 and 12 schematically show an example of a video/image decoding method and related components according to an embodiment of the present document.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a content streaming system to which embodiments disclosed in this document can be applied.
- each configuration in the drawings described in this document is shown independently for convenience of description regarding different characteristic functions, and does not mean that each configuration is implemented as separate hardware or separate software.
- two or more components among each component may be combined to form one component, or one component may be divided into a plurality of components.
- Embodiments in which each component is integrated and/or separated are also included in the scope of the present document without departing from the essence of this document.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a video/image coding system to which embodiments of this document can be applied.
- a video/image coding system may include a first apparatus (source device) and a second apparatus (receive device).
- the source device may transmit encoded video/image information or data in the form of a file or streaming to the receiving device through a digital storage medium or a network.
- the source device may include a video source, an encoding apparatus, and a transmission unit.
- the receiving device may include a receiving unit, a decoding apparatus, and a renderer.
- the encoding apparatus may be referred to as a video/image encoding apparatus, and the decoding apparatus may be referred to as a video/image decoding apparatus.
- the transmitter may be included in the encoding device.
- the receiver may be included in the decoding device.
- the renderer may include a display unit, and the display unit may be configured as a separate device or external component.
- a video source may acquire a video/image through a process of capturing, synthesizing, or generating a video/image.
- a video source may include a video/image capture device and/or a video/image generating device.
- a video/image capture device may include, for example, one or more cameras, a video/image archive containing previously captured video/images, and the like.
- a video/image generating device may include, for example, a computer, tablet, and smart phone, and may (electronically) generate a video/image.
- a virtual video/image may be generated through a computer, etc. In this case, the video/image capturing process may be substituted for the process of generating related data.
- the encoding device may encode the input video/image.
- the encoding apparatus may perform a series of procedures such as prediction, transformation, and quantization for compression and coding efficiency.
- the encoded data (encoded image/video information) may be output in the form of a bitstream.
- the transmitting unit may transmit the encoded image/video information or data output in the form of a bitstream to the receiving unit of the receiving device in the form of a file or streaming through a digital storage medium or a network.
- the digital storage medium may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, and SSD.
- the transmission unit may include an element for generating a media file through a predetermined file format, and may include an element for transmission through a broadcast/communication network.
- the receiver may receive/extract the bitstream and transmit it to the decoding device.
- the decoding apparatus may decode the video/image by performing a series of procedures such as inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and prediction corresponding to the operation of the encoding apparatus.
- the renderer may render the decoded video/image.
- the rendered video/image may be displayed through the display unit.
- This article is about video/image coding.
- a method/embodiment disclosed in this document may be applied to a method disclosed in a versatile video coding (VVC) standard.
- the method/embodiment disclosed in this document is an essential video coding (EVC) standard, AOMedia Video 1 (AV1) standard, 2nd generation of audio video coding standard (AVS2), or a next-generation video/video coding standard (ex. H.267). or H.268, etc.).
- EVC essential video coding
- AV1 AOMedia Video 1
- AVS2 2nd generation of audio video coding standard
- next-generation video/video coding standard ex. H.267. or H.268, etc.
- a video may mean a set of a series of images according to the passage of time.
- a picture generally refers to a unit representing one image in a specific time period, and a slice/tile is a unit constituting a part of a picture in coding.
- a slice/tile may include one or more coding tree units (CTUs).
- CTUs coding tree units
- One picture may consist of one or more slices/tiles.
- a tile is a rectangular region of CTUs within a particular tile column and a particular tile row in a picture.
- the tile column is a rectangular region of CTUs, the rectangular region has a height equal to the height of the picture, and the width may be specified by syntax elements in a picture parameter set (The tile column is a rectangular region of CTUs having a height equal to the height of the picture and a width specified by syntax elements in the picture parameter set).
- the tile row is a rectangular region of CTUs, the rectangular region has a height specified by syntax elements in a picture parameter set, and the width may be equal to the width of the picture (The tile row is a rectangular region of CTUs) having a height specified by syntax elements in the picture parameter set and a width equal to the width of the picture).
- a tile scan may indicate a specific sequential ordering of CTUs partitioning a picture, wherein the CTUs may be sequentially aligned with a CTU raster scan within a tile, and tiles within a picture may be sequentially aligned with a raster scan of the tiles of the picture.
- a tile scan is a specific sequential ordering of CTUs partitioning a picture in which the CTUs are ordered consecutively in CTU raster scan in a tile whereas tiles in a picture are ordered consecutively in a raster scan of the tiles of the picture).
- a slice includes an integer number of complete tiles or an integer number of consecutive complete CTU rows within a tile of a picture that may be exclusively contained in a single NAL unit
- one picture may be divided into two or more subpictures.
- a subpicture may be a rectangular region of one or more slices within a picture.
- a pixel or pel may mean a minimum unit constituting one picture (or image). Also, 'sample' may be used as a term corresponding to a pixel.
- the sample may generally represent a pixel or a value of a pixel, may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component, or may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a chroma component.
- a unit may represent a basic unit of image processing.
- the unit may include at least one of a specific region of a picture and information related to the region.
- One unit may include one luma block and two chroma (ex. cb, cr) blocks.
- a unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as a block or an area in some cases.
- an MxN block may include samples (or sample arrays) or a set (or arrays) of transform coefficients including M columns and N rows.
- a or B (A or B) may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
- a or B (A or B)” in this document may be interpreted as “A and/or B (A and/or B)”.
- A, B or C(A, B or C) means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or "any and any combination of A, B and C ( any combination of A, B and C)”.
- a slash (/) or a comma (comma) used in this document may mean “and/or”.
- A/B may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
- A, B, C may mean “A, B, or C”.
- At least one of A and B may mean “only A”, “only B” or “both A and B”. Also, in this document, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and/or B” means “at least one It can be interpreted the same as “A and B (at least one of A and B)”.
- At least one of A, B and C means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “A, B and C” any combination of A, B and C”. Also, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and/or C” means can mean “at least one of A, B and C”.
- parentheses used in this document may mean “for example”. Specifically, when “prediction (intra prediction)” is indicated, “intra prediction” may be proposed as an example of “prediction”. In other words, “prediction” in this document is not limited to “intra prediction”, and “intra prediction” may be proposed as an example of “prediction”. Also, even when “prediction (ie, intra prediction)” is indicated, “intra prediction” may be proposed as an example of “prediction”.
- the encoding device may include an image encoding device and/or a video encoding device.
- the encoding apparatus 200 includes an image partitioner 210, a predictor 220, a residual processor 230, an entropy encoder 240, It may be configured to include an adder 250 , a filter 260 , and a memory 270 .
- the prediction unit 220 may include an inter prediction unit 221 and an intra prediction unit 222 .
- the residual processing unit 230 may include a transformer 232 , a quantizer 233 , an inverse quantizer 234 , and an inverse transformer 235 .
- the residual processing unit 230 may further include a subtractor 231 .
- the adder 250 may be referred to as a reconstructor or a reconstructed block generator.
- the above-described image segmentation unit 210, prediction unit 220, residual processing unit 230, entropy encoding unit 240, adder 250 and filtering unit 260 may include one or more hardware components ( For example, by an encoder chipset or processor).
- the memory 270 may include a decoded picture buffer (DPB), and may be configured by a digital storage medium.
- the hardware component may further include a memory 270 as an internal/external component.
- the image dividing unit 210 may divide an input image (or a picture, a frame) input to the encoding apparatus 200 into one or more processing units.
- the processing unit may be referred to as a coding unit (CU).
- the coding unit is to be recursively divided according to a quad-tree binary-tree ternary-tree (QTBTTT) structure from a coding tree unit (CTU) or largest coding unit (LCU).
- QTBTTT quad-tree binary-tree ternary-tree
- CTU coding tree unit
- LCU largest coding unit
- one coding unit may be divided into a plurality of coding units having a lower depth based on a quad tree structure, a binary tree structure, and/or a ternary structure.
- a quad tree structure may be applied first and a binary tree structure and/or a ternary structure may be applied later.
- the binary tree structure may be applied first.
- a coding procedure according to this document may be performed based on the final coding unit that is no longer divided.
- the maximum coding unit may be directly used as the final coding unit based on coding efficiency according to image characteristics, or if necessary, the coding unit may be recursively divided into coding units having a lower depth than the optimal coding unit.
- a coding unit of the size of may be used as the final coding unit.
- the coding procedure may include procedures such as prediction, transformation, and restoration, which will be described later.
- the processing unit may further include a prediction unit (PU) or a transform unit (TU).
- the prediction unit and the transform unit may be divided or partitioned from the above-described final coding unit, respectively.
- the prediction unit may be a unit of sample prediction
- the transform unit may be a unit for deriving a transform coefficient and/or a unit for deriving a residual signal from the transform coefficient.
- a unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as a block or an area in some cases.
- an MxN block may represent a set of samples or transform coefficients including M columns and N rows.
- a sample may generally represent a pixel or a value of a pixel, and may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component, or may represent only a pixel/pixel value of a chroma component.
- a sample may be used as a term corresponding to a picture (or image) as a pixel or a pel.
- the encoding apparatus 200 subtracts the prediction signal (predicted block, prediction sample array) output from the inter prediction unit 221 or the intra prediction unit 222 from the input image signal (original block, original sample array) to obtain a residual A signal (residual signal, residual block, residual sample array) may be generated, and the generated residual signal is transmitted to the converter 232 .
- a unit for subtracting a prediction signal (prediction block, prediction sample array) from an input image signal (original block, original sample array) in the encoder 200 may be referred to as a subtraction unit 231 .
- the prediction unit may perform prediction on a processing target block (hereinafter, referred to as a current block) and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
- the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied on a current block or CU basis.
- the prediction unit may generate various information related to prediction, such as prediction mode information, and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 240 , as will be described later in the description of each prediction mode.
- the prediction information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 240 and output in the form of a bitstream.
- the intra prediction unit 222 may predict the current block with reference to samples in the current picture.
- the referenced samples may be located in the neighborhood of the current block or may be located apart from each other according to the prediction mode.
- prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
- the non-directional mode may include, for example, a DC mode and a planar mode (Planar mode).
- the directional mode may include, for example, 33 directional prediction modes or 65 directional prediction modes according to the granularity of the prediction direction. However, this is an example, and a higher or lower number of directional prediction modes may be used according to a setting.
- the intra prediction unit 222 may determine the prediction mode applied to the current block by using the prediction mode applied to the neighboring block.
- the inter prediction unit 221 may derive the predicted block for the current block based on the reference block (reference sample array) specified by the motion vector on the reference picture.
- motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation between motion information between neighboring blocks and the current block.
- the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
- the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
- the neighboring blocks may include spatial neighboring blocks existing in the current picture and temporal neighboring blocks present in the reference picture.
- the reference picture including the reference block and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be the same or different.
- the temporal neighboring block may be called a collocated reference block, a collocated CU (colCU), etc.
- a reference picture including the temporally neighboring block may be called a collocated picture (colPic).
- the inter prediction unit 221 constructs a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and provides information indicating which candidate is used to derive a motion vector and/or a reference picture index of the current block. can create Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes. For example, in the skip mode and merge mode, the inter prediction unit 221 may use motion information of a neighboring block as motion information of the current block. In the skip mode, unlike the merge mode, a residual signal may not be transmitted. In the case of motion vector prediction (MVP) mode, the motion vector of the current block is determined by using a motion vector of a neighboring block as a motion vector predictor and signaling a motion vector difference. can direct
- the prediction unit 220 may generate a prediction signal based on various prediction methods to be described later.
- the prediction unit may apply intra prediction or inter prediction for prediction of one block, and may simultaneously apply intra prediction and inter prediction. This can be called combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP).
- the prediction unit may be based on an intra block copy (IBC) prediction mode or based on a palette mode for prediction of a block.
- IBC prediction mode or the palette mode may be used for video/video coding of content such as games, for example, screen content coding (SCC).
- SCC screen content coding
- IBC basically performs prediction within the current picture, but may be performed similarly to inter prediction in that a reference block is derived within the current picture. That is, IBC may use at least one of the inter prediction techniques described in this document.
- the palette mode may be viewed as an example of intra coding or intra prediction. When the palette mode is applied, the sample value in the picture may be signaled based on information about the palette table and palette index.
- the prediction signal generated by the prediction unit may be used to generate a reconstructed signal or may be used to generate a residual signal.
- the transform unit 232 may generate transform coefficients by applying a transform technique to the residual signal.
- the transformation technique may include at least one of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Sine Transform (DST), Graph-Based Transform (GBT), or Conditionally Non-linear Transform (CNT).
- DCT Discrete Cosine Transform
- DST Discrete Sine Transform
- GBT Graph-Based Transform
- CNT Conditionally Non-linear Transform
- GBT means a transformation obtained from this graph when expressing relationship information between pixels in a graph.
- CNT refers to a transformation obtained by generating a prediction signal using all previously reconstructed pixels and based thereon.
- the transformation process may be applied to a block of pixels having the same size as a square, or may be applied to a block of a variable size that is not a square.
- the quantization unit 233 quantizes the transform coefficients and transmits them to the entropy encoding unit 240, and the entropy encoding unit 240 encodes the quantized signal (information on the quantized transform coefficients) and outputs it as a bitstream. have.
- Information about the quantized transform coefficients may be referred to as residual information.
- the quantization unit 233 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients in the block form into a one-dimensional vector form based on a coefficient scan order, and the quantized transform coefficients in the one-dimensional vector form are quantized based on the quantized transform coefficients in the one-dimensional vector form. Information about the transform coefficients may be generated.
- the entropy encoding unit 240 may perform various encoding methods such as, for example, exponential Golomb, context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), and context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC).
- the entropy encoding unit 240 may encode information necessary for video/image reconstruction (eg, values of syntax elements, etc.) other than the quantized transform coefficients together or separately.
- Encoded information (eg, encoded image/video information) may be transmitted or stored in a network abstraction layer (NAL) unit unit in a bitstream form.
- the image/video information may further include information about various parameter sets, such as an adaptation parameter set (APS), a picture parameter set (PPS), a sequence parameter set (SPS), or a video parameter set (VPS).
- APS adaptation parameter set
- PPS picture parameter set
- SPS sequence parameter set
- VPS video parameter set
- the image/video information may further include general constraint information.
- information and/or syntax elements transmitted/signaled from the encoding device to the decoding device may be included in the image/video information.
- the image/video information may be encoded through the above-described encoding procedure and included in the bitstream.
- the bitstream may be transmitted over a network or may be stored in a digital storage medium.
- the network may include a broadcasting network and/or a communication network
- the digital storage medium may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, and SSD.
- a transmitting unit (not shown) and/or a storing unit (not shown) for storing may be configured as internal/external elements of the encoding apparatus 200, or the transmitting unit It may be included in the entropy encoding unit 240 .
- the quantized transform coefficients output from the quantization unit 233 may be used to generate a prediction signal.
- the residual signal residual block or residual samples
- the adder 250 adds the reconstructed residual signal to the prediction signal output from the inter prediction unit 221 or the intra prediction unit 222 to obtain a reconstructed signal (reconstructed picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array). can be created
- the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
- the adder 250 may be referred to as a restoration unit or a restoration block generator.
- the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of the next processing object block in the current picture, or may be used for inter prediction of the next picture after filtering as described below.
- LMCS luma mapping with chroma scaling
- the filtering unit 260 may improve subjective/objective image quality by applying filtering to the reconstructed signal.
- the filtering unit 260 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and convert the modified reconstructed picture to the memory 270 , specifically the DPB of the memory 270 .
- the various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, a sample adaptive offset, an adaptive loop filter, a bilateral filter, and the like.
- the filtering unit 260 may generate various types of filtering-related information and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 240 , as will be described later in the description of each filtering method.
- the filtering-related information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 240 and output in the form of a bitstream.
- the modified reconstructed picture transmitted to the memory 270 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 221 .
- the encoding apparatus can avoid prediction mismatch between the encoding apparatus 200 and the decoding apparatus, and can also improve encoding efficiency.
- the memory 270 DPB may store the corrected reconstructed picture to be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 221 .
- the memory 270 may store motion information of a block in which motion information in the current picture is derived (or encoded) and/or motion information of blocks in an already reconstructed picture.
- the stored motion information may be transmitted to the inter prediction unit 221 to be used as motion information of a spatial neighboring block or motion information of a temporal neighboring block.
- the memory 270 may store reconstructed samples of blocks reconstructed in the current picture, and may transmit the reconstructed samples to the intra prediction unit 222 .
- the decoding device may include an image decoding device and/or a video decoding device.
- the decoding apparatus 300 includes an entropy decoder 310 , a residual processor 320 , a predictor 330 , an adder 340 , and a filtering unit. (filter, 350) and may be configured to include a memory (memoery, 360).
- the prediction unit 330 may include an inter prediction unit 331 and an intra prediction unit 332 .
- the residual processor 320 may include a dequantizer 321 and an inverse transformer 321 .
- the entropy decoding unit 310 , the residual processing unit 320 , the prediction unit 330 , the addition unit 340 , and the filtering unit 350 are one hardware component (eg, a decoder chipset or a processor according to an embodiment). ) can be configured by
- the memory 360 may include a decoded picture buffer (DPB), and may be configured by a digital storage medium.
- the hardware component may further include a memory 360 as an internal/external component.
- the decoding apparatus 300 may reconstruct an image corresponding to a process in which the image/video information is processed in the encoding apparatus of FIG. 2 .
- the decoding apparatus 300 may derive units/blocks based on block division related information obtained from the bitstream.
- the decoding apparatus 300 may perform decoding by using a processing unit applied in the encoding apparatus.
- the processing unit of decoding may be, for example, a coding unit, and the coding unit may be divided according to a quad tree structure, a binary tree structure and/or a ternary tree structure from a coding tree unit or a largest coding unit.
- One or more transform units may be derived from a coding unit.
- the reconstructed image signal decoded and output through the decoding apparatus 300 may be reproduced through the reproducing apparatus.
- the decoding apparatus 300 may receive a signal output from the encoding apparatus of FIG. 2 in the form of a bitstream, and the received signal may be decoded through the entropy decoding unit 310 .
- the entropy decoding unit 310 may parse the bitstream to derive information (eg, image/video information) required for image restoration (or picture restoration).
- the image/video information may further include information about various parameter sets, such as an adaptation parameter set (APS), a picture parameter set (PPS), a sequence parameter set (SPS), or a video parameter set (VPS).
- the image/video information may further include general constraint information.
- the decoding apparatus may decode the picture further based on the information on the parameter set and/or the general restriction information.
- Signaled/received information and/or syntax elements described later in this document may be decoded through the decoding procedure and obtained from the bitstream.
- the entropy decoding unit 310 decodes information in a bitstream based on a coding method such as exponential Golomb encoding, CAVLC or CABAC, and a value of a syntax element required for image reconstruction and a quantized value of a transform coefficient related to a residual can be printed out.
- the CABAC entropy decoding method receives a bin corresponding to each syntax element in the bitstream, and decodes the syntax element information to be decoded and the decoding information of the surrounding and decoding target blocks or the symbol/bin information decoded in the previous step.
- a context model is determined using the context model, and the probability of occurrence of a bin is predicted according to the determined context model, and a symbol corresponding to the value of each syntax element can be generated by performing arithmetic decoding of the bin.
- the CABAC entropy decoding method may update the context model by using the decoded symbol/bin information for the context model of the next symbol/bin after determining the context model.
- Prediction-related information among the information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 310 is provided to the prediction unit (the inter prediction unit 332 and the intra prediction unit 331), and the entropy decoding unit 310 performs entropy decoding.
- Dual values that is, quantized transform coefficients and related parameter information may be input to the residual processing unit 320 .
- the residual processing unit 320 may derive a residual signal (residual block, residual samples, residual sample array). Also, information on filtering among the information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 310 may be provided to the filtering unit 350 .
- a receiving unit (not shown) that receives a signal output from the encoding device may be further configured as an internal/external element of the decoding device 300 , or the receiving unit may be a component of the entropy decoding unit 310 .
- the decoding apparatus may be called a video/image/picture decoding apparatus, and the decoding apparatus is divided into an information decoder (video/image/picture information decoder) and a sample decoder (video/image/picture sample decoder).
- the information decoder may include the entropy decoding unit 310 , and the sample decoder includes the inverse quantization unit 321 , the inverse transform unit 322 , the adder 340 , the filtering unit 350 , and the memory 360 . ), an inter prediction unit 332 , and an intra prediction unit 331 .
- the inverse quantizer 321 may inverse quantize the quantized transform coefficients to output transform coefficients.
- the inverse quantizer 321 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients in a two-dimensional block form. In this case, the rearrangement may be performed based on the coefficient scan order performed by the encoding device.
- the inverse quantizer 321 may perform inverse quantization on the quantized transform coefficients using a quantization parameter (eg, quantization step size information) and obtain transform coefficients.
- a quantization parameter eg, quantization step size information
- the inverse transform unit 322 inverse transforms the transform coefficients to obtain a residual signal (residual block, residual sample array).
- the prediction unit 330 may perform prediction on the current block and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
- the prediction unit 330 may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on the prediction information output from the entropy decoding unit 310, and determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode.
- the prediction unit 330 may generate a prediction signal based on various prediction methods to be described later. For example, the prediction unit 330 may apply intra prediction or inter prediction for prediction of one block, and may simultaneously apply intra prediction and inter prediction. This can be called combined inter and intra prediction (CIIP). Also, the prediction unit 330 may be based on an intra block copy (IBC) prediction mode or based on a palette mode for prediction of a block.
- IBC intra block copy
- the IBC prediction mode or the palette mode may be used for video/video coding of content such as games, for example, screen content coding (SCC). IBC basically performs prediction within the current picture, but may be performed similarly to inter prediction in that a reference block is derived within the current picture. That is, IBC may use at least one of the inter prediction techniques described in this document.
- the palette mode may be viewed as an example of intra coding or intra prediction. When the palette mode is applied, information about the palette table and palette index may be included in the image/video information and signaled.
- the intra prediction unit 331 may predict the current block with reference to samples in the current picture.
- the referenced samples may be located in the neighborhood of the current block or may be located apart from each other according to the prediction mode.
- prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
- the intra prediction unit 331 may determine the prediction mode applied to the current block by using the prediction mode applied to the neighboring block.
- the inter prediction unit 332 may derive the predicted block for the current block based on the reference block (reference sample array) specified by the motion vector on the reference picture.
- motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation between motion information between neighboring blocks and the current block.
- the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
- the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
- the neighboring blocks may include spatial neighboring blocks existing in the current picture and temporal neighboring blocks present in the reference picture.
- the inter prediction unit 332 may construct a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and derive a motion vector and/or a reference picture index of the current block based on the received candidate selection information.
- Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes, and the prediction information may include information indicating a mode of inter prediction for the current block.
- the adder 340 restores the obtained residual signal by adding it to the prediction signal (predicted block, prediction sample array) output from the prediction unit (including the inter prediction unit 332 and/or the intra prediction unit 331 ).
- a signal (reconstructed picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array) may be generated.
- the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
- the adder 340 may be referred to as a restoration unit or a restoration block generator.
- the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of the next processing object block in the current picture, may be output through filtering as described below, or may be used for inter prediction of the next picture.
- LMCS luma mapping with chroma scaling
- the filtering unit 350 may improve subjective/objective image quality by applying filtering to the reconstructed signal.
- the filtering unit 350 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and store the modified reconstructed picture in the memory 360 , specifically, the DPB of the memory 360 .
- the various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, a sample adaptive offset, an adaptive loop filter, a bilateral filter, and the like.
- the (modified) reconstructed picture stored in the DPB of the memory 360 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 332 .
- the memory 360 may store motion information of a block from which motion information in the current picture is derived (or decoded) and/or motion information of blocks in an already reconstructed picture.
- the stored motion information may be transmitted to the inter prediction unit 332 to be used as motion information of a spatial neighboring block or motion information of a temporal neighboring block.
- the memory 360 may store reconstructed samples of blocks reconstructed in the current picture, and may transmit the reconstructed samples to the intra prediction unit 331 .
- the embodiments described in the filtering unit 260 , the inter prediction unit 221 , and the intra prediction unit 222 of the encoding apparatus 200 are the filtering unit 350 and the inter prediction unit of the decoding apparatus 300 , respectively.
- the same or corresponding application may be applied to the unit 332 and the intra prediction unit 331 .
- prediction is performed to increase compression efficiency in video coding.
- the predicted block includes prediction samples in a spatial domain (or pixel domain).
- the predicted block is derived equally from the encoding device and the decoding device, and the encoding device decodes information (residual information) about the residual between the original block and the predicted block, not the original sample value of the original block itself.
- image coding efficiency can be increased.
- the decoding apparatus may derive a residual block including residual samples based on the residual information, and generate a reconstructed block including reconstructed samples by summing the residual block and the predicted block, and reconstruct the reconstructed blocks. It is possible to generate a restored picture including
- the residual information may be generated through transformation and quantization procedures.
- the encoding apparatus derives a residual block between the original block and the predicted block, and performs a transform procedure on residual samples (residual sample array) included in the residual block to derive transform coefficients
- the associated residual information may be signaled to the decoding apparatus (via a bitstream).
- the residual information may include information such as value information of the quantized transform coefficients, location information, a transform technique, a transform kernel, and a quantization parameter.
- the decoding apparatus may perform an inverse quantization/inverse transformation procedure based on the residual information and derive residual samples (or residual blocks).
- the decoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture based on the predicted block and the residual block.
- the encoding apparatus may also inverse quantize/inverse transform the quantized transform coefficients for reference for inter prediction of a later picture to derive a residual block, and generate a reconstructed picture based thereon.
- At least one of quantization/inverse quantization and/or transform/inverse transform may be omitted.
- the quantized transform coefficient may be referred to as a transform coefficient.
- the transform coefficient may be called a coefficient or a residual coefficient, or may still be called a transform coefficient for uniformity of expression.
- a quantized transform coefficient and a transform coefficient may be referred to as a transform coefficient and a scaled transform coefficient, respectively.
- the residual information may include information on transform coefficient(s), and the information on the transform coefficient(s) may be signaled through residual coding syntax.
- Transform coefficients may be derived based on the residual information (or information about the transform coefficient(s)), and scaled transform coefficients may be derived through inverse transform (scaling) on the transform coefficients.
- Residual samples may be derived based on an inverse transform (transform) of the scaled transform coefficients. This may be applied/expressed in other parts of this document as well.
- the coded image/video is a video coding layer (VCL) that handles decoding processing of the image/video and itself, a subsystem that transmits and stores coded information, and the VCL and subsystem It exists between them and is divided into a network abstraction layer (NAL) that is responsible for network adaptation functions.
- VCL video coding layer
- NAL network abstraction layer
- VCL data including compressed video data is generated, or picture parameter set (PPS), sequence parameter set (SPS), video parameter set (Video Parameter Set: A supplemental enhancement information (SEI) message additionally necessary for a parameter set including information such as VPS) or an image decoding process may be generated.
- PPS picture parameter set
- SPS sequence parameter set
- SEI Supplemental Enhancement Information
- a NAL unit may be generated by adding header information (NAL unit header) to a raw byte sequence payload (RBSP) generated in the VCL.
- the RBSP refers to slice data, parameter sets, SEI messages, etc. generated in the VCL.
- the NAL unit header may include NAL unit type information specified according to RBSP data included in the corresponding NAL unit.
- the NAL unit may be divided into a VCL NAL unit and a Non-VCL NAL unit according to the RBSP generated in the VCL.
- a VCL NAL unit may mean a NAL unit including information (slice data) about an image
- the Non-VCL NAL unit is a NAL unit containing information (parameter set or SEI message) necessary for decoding an image.
- VCL NAL unit and Non-VCL NAL unit may be transmitted through a network by attaching header information according to a data standard of a subsystem.
- the NAL unit may be transformed into a data form of a predetermined standard such as H.266/VVC file format, Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP), Transport Stream (TS), and transmitted through various networks.
- RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
- TS Transport Stream
- the NAL unit type may be specified according to the RBSP data structure included in the corresponding NAL unit, and information on the NAL unit type may be stored and signaled in the NAL unit header.
- the NAL unit may be largely classified into a VCL NAL unit type and a Non-VCL NAL unit type depending on whether or not the NAL unit includes image information (slice data).
- the VCL NAL unit type may be classified according to properties and types of pictures included in the VCL NAL unit, and the Non-VCL NAL unit type may be classified according to the type of a parameter set.
- NAL unit type specified according to the type of parameter set included in the Non-VCL NAL unit type.
- NAL unit Type for NAL unit including APS
- NAL unit a type for a NAL unit including a DPS
- NAL unit Type of NAL unit including VPS
- NAL unit Type for NAL unit including SPS
- NAL unit Type of NAL unit including PPS
- NAL unit Type of NAL unit including PH
- NAL unit types have syntax information for the NAL unit type, and the syntax information may be stored and signaled in a NAL unit header.
- the syntax information may be nal_unit_type, and NAL unit types may be specified by a nal_unit_type value.
- one picture may include a plurality of slices, and one slice may include a slice header and slice data.
- one picture header may be further added to a plurality of slices (a slice header and a slice data set) in one picture.
- the picture header (picture header syntax) may include information/parameters commonly applicable to the picture.
- a picture may consist of slices of different types, such as intra-coded slices (ie, I-slice) and/or inter-coded slices (ie, P-slice and B-slice).
- the picture header may include information/parameters applied to the intra-coded slice and the inter-coded slice.
- one picture may consist of one type of slices.
- the slice header may include information/parameters commonly applicable to the slice.
- the APS APS syntax
- PPS PPS syntax
- the SPS SPS syntax
- the VPS VPS syntax
- the DPS DPS syntax
- the DPS may include information/parameters commonly applicable to the entire video.
- the DPS may include information/parameters related to concatenation of a coded video sequence (CVS).
- high level syntax HLS may include at least one of the APS syntax, PPS syntax, SPS syntax, VPS syntax, DPS syntax, picture header syntax, and slice header syntax.
- the video/video information encoded from the encoding device to the decoding device and signaled in the form of a bitstream includes, as well as intra-picture partitioning-related information, intra/inter prediction information, residual information, in-loop filtering information, etc.
- Information included in the slice header, information included in the picture header, information included in the APS, information included in the PPS, information included in the SPS, information included in the VPS, and/or information included in the DPS can do.
- the video/video information may further include information of a NAL unit header.
- the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may encode/decode the picture by dividing the picture into predetermined units.
- the encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may encode/decode a picture by dividing the picture into slices and/or tiles.
- one picture may be divided into one or more tile rows and/or one or more tile columns.
- a tile is a specific tile column in a picture and a rectangular area of CTUs within a specific tile column.
- CTUs included in one tile may be arranged according to a specific scan order. For example, CTUs included in one tile may be sequentially arranged according to a raster scan order within the tile.
- a slice may consist of an integer number of complete tiles, or an integer number of consecutive CTU rows contained within a tile of a picture.
- the vertical boundary of each slice in the picture may be the vertical boundary of the tile.
- a horizontal boundary of each slice within a picture may be a horizontal boundary of a tile or a horizontal boundary of a CTU within a tile.
- the tile in the picture may be divided into a plurality of rectangular slices, and each of the plurality of rectangular slices is an integer number It may consist of consecutive CTU rows.
- Slices may exist in raster scan slice mode and rectangular slice mode.
- one slice may include one or more tiles arranged in a raster scan within a picture.
- one slice may contain an integer number of complete tiles forming a rectangular area within a picture or may contain an integer number of consecutive CTU rows within one tile forming a rectangular area within a picture. Tiles in a rectangular slice may be scanned according to a raster scan order within an area of the rectangular slice.
- One sub-picture may include one or more slices constituting a rectangular region of the picture.
- a boundary of each subpicture may always be a slice boundary, and a vertical boundary of each subpicture may always be a vertical boundary of a tile.
- information related to a subpicture may be signaled through the SPS, and information related to a tile and a rectangular slice is It may be signaled through the PPS, and information related to a raster scan slice may be signaled through a slice header.
- FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which a picture is divided into slices and tiles.
- a thick line indicates a boundary of a slice
- a thin line indicates a boundary of a tile
- a dotted line indicates a boundary of a CTU.
- a picture is composed of 216 (18 x 12) CTUs, 3 tile columns, and 4 tile rows. Accordingly, the picture is composed of 12 tiles and 3 slices according to the raster scan slice mode.
- slice 1 according to the raster scan order is composed of two complete tiles according to the raster scan order
- slice 2 is composed of 5 complete tiles according to the raster scan order
- 3 A burn slice consists of 5 complete tiles according to the raster scan order.
- a vertical boundary of each of the three slices is constituted by a vertical boundary of a tile in the picture.
- a horizontal boundary of each of the three slices is composed of a horizontal boundary of a tile (in-tile CTU) in the picture.
- FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment in which a picture is divided into slices and tiles.
- a picture consists of 216 (18 x 12) CTUs, 6 tile columns, and 4 tile rows. Accordingly, the picture consists of 24 tiles and 9 slices according to the rectangular slice mode.
- each of slices 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, and 9 according to the raster scan order among the 9 slices is composed of two complete tiles, and each of slices 4, 5 and 6 is 4 It consists of complete tiles.
- a vertical boundary of each of the nine slices is constituted by a vertical boundary of a tile in the picture.
- a horizontal boundary of each of the nine slices is composed of a horizontal boundary of a tile (in-tile CTU) in the picture.
- FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment in which a picture is divided into slices and tiles.
- a picture consists of 216 (18 x 12) CTUs, three tile columns, and two tile rows. Accordingly, the picture is composed of 6 tiles and 7 slices according to the rectangular slice mode.
- slice 1 according to the raster scan order among the 7 slices is composed of two complete tiles, and slices 2, 3, 4, and 5 are each composed of 3 consecutive CTU rows included in the tile. and each of slices 6 and 7 consists of one complete tile.
- a vertical boundary of each of the seven slices is constituted by a vertical boundary of a tile in the picture.
- a horizontal boundary of each of slices 1, 6, and 7 among the 7 slices is configured as a horizontal boundary of a tile (in-tile CTU) in the picture.
- the upper horizontal boundary of each of slices 2 and 3 among the 7 slices is constituted by a horizontal boundary of a tile (in-tile CTU) in the picture, and a lower horizontal boundary is a horizontal boundary of CTUs in the tile, which is not a horizontal boundary of the tile is composed of
- the upper horizontal boundary of each of slices 4 and 5 among the 7 slices is not the horizontal boundary of the tile, but the horizontal boundary of CTUs in the tile, and the lower horizontal boundary is the horizontal boundary of the tile (CTU in the tile) in the picture is composed of
- FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which a picture is divided into slices and tiles.
- a picture consists of 216 (18 x 12) CTUs, two tile columns, and two tile rows. Accordingly, the picture is composed of 4 tiles and 5 slices according to the rectangular slice mode.
- each of slices 1, 4, and 5 according to the raster scan order consists of one complete tile
- the second slice consists of two consecutive CTU rows included in the tile
- a burn slice consists of 4 consecutive CTU rows included in a tile.
- a horizontal boundary of each of slices 1, 4, and 5 among the five slices is configured as a horizontal boundary of a tile (in-tile CTU) in the picture.
- the upper horizontal boundary of the second slice among the five slices is composed of the horizontal boundary of the tile (in-tile CTU) in the picture, and the lower horizontal boundary is not the horizontal boundary of the tile, but the horizontal boundary of the CTUs in the tile.
- the upper horizontal boundary of the third slice among the five slices is not the horizontal boundary of the tile, but the horizontal boundary of CTUs in the tile, and the lower horizontal boundary is the horizontal boundary of the tile (CTU in the tile) in the picture.
- a picture may be divided into at least one tile and at least one slice, and tile-related information, which is information on the at least one tile, and slice-related information, which is information on the at least one slice, are stored in the PPS. It can be signaled/parsed.
- Such picture partitioning may be applied to parallel processing or error resilience.
- some implementations running on a multi-core CPU enable a picture to be divided into a plurality of tiles and a plurality of slices.
- each tile and/or each slice may be processed in parallel in a separate core.
- This approach can be particularly useful for high-resolution real-time coding of video that would otherwise be impossible to achieve, and by reducing information sharing between tiles, memory limitations can be reduced.
- there is an advantage that a plurality of tiles can be distributed and processed in different threads while parallel processing is executed. For example, in deriving candidate motion information in inter prediction, neighboring blocks existing in other slices or tiles may be regarded as unavailable. Accordingly, the context information used to code the information or syntax element may be initialized in each slice or tile.
- the PPS may include the syntax of Table 1 below.
- the syntax of Table 1 below may be a part of the PPS.
- syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 1 may be expressed, for example, as shown in Table 2 below.
- tile-related information and slice-related information may be signaled as follows.
- image information obtained through a bitstream may include a no-picture partition flag.
- the no-picture partition flag may be related to whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture. That is, the no-picture partition flag may indicate/indicate whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture.
- the no-picture partition flag may be expressed in the form of a no_pic_partition_flag syntax element.
- the no_pic_partition_flag syntax element may specify whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture.
- CTU size information information on the number of tile columns, information on the number of tile rows, tile column width information according to information on the number of tile columns, and the number of tile rows
- the CTU size information, the number information of the tile columns, the number information of the tile rows, the tile column width information according to the number information of the tile columns, and the The tile row height information according to the number information, the rectangular slice flag, the single slice flag, the number information of the slices, the tile index delta presence flag, the tile unit slice width information, the tile unit slice height information, and the slice in the tile The number information, the CTU unit slice height information, the tile index delta information, the loop filter tile boundary available flag, and the loop filter slice boundary available flag may not exist.
- the CTU size information may be related to the size of a luma coding tree block (CTB) of each CTU. That is, the value +5 of the CTU size information may indicate/represent the size of the luma coding tree block of each CTU.
- CTB luma coding tree block
- the CTU size information may be expressed in the form of a pps_log2_ctu_size_minus5 syntax element.
- the value +5 of the pps_log2_ctu_size_minus5 syntax element may specify the size of the luma coding tree block of each CTU.
- the information on the number of tile columns may be related to the number of tile column widths. That is, the value +1 of the number information of the tile columns may indicate/represent the number of tile column widths.
- the information on the number of tile columns may be expressed in the form of a num_exp_tile_columns_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_exp_tile_columns_minus1 syntax element may specify the number of tile column widths.
- the information on the number of tile rows may be related to the number of tile row heights. That is, the value +1 of the information on the number of tile rows may indicate/represent the number of tile row heights.
- the information on the number of tile rows may be expressed in the form of a num_exp_tile_rows_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_exp_tile_rows_minus1 syntax element may specify the number of tile row heights.
- the tile column width information may be related to the width of each tile column in units of CTB. That is, the value +1 of the tile column width information may indicate/represent the width of each tile column in units of CTB.
- the tile column width information may be expressed in the form of a tile_column_width_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the tile_column_width_minus1 syntax element may specify the width of each tile column in CTB units.
- the tile row height information may be related to the height of each tile row in units of CTB. That is, the value +1 of the tile row height information may indicate/represent the height of each tile row in units of CTB.
- the tile row height information may be expressed in the form of a tile_row_height_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the tile_row_height_minus1 syntax element may specify the height of each tile row in units of CTB.
- the rectangular slice flag when the number of tiles in the current picture is derived as a value greater than 1, the rectangular slice flag may be configured/included in the PPS. When the number of tiles in the current picture is derived as 1, the rectangular slice flag may not exist. When the rectangular slice flag does not exist, the value of the rectangular slice flag may be derived as 1.
- the rectangular slice flag may be related to whether tiles in each slice constitute a rectangular region in the current picture. That is, the rectangular slice flag may indicate/indicate whether tiles in each slice constitute a rectangular region in the current picture.
- the rectangular slice flag may be expressed in the form of a rect_slice_flag syntax element.
- the rect_slice_flag syntax element may specify whether tiles in each slice constitute a rectangular region in the current picture.
- the single slice flag when the value of the rectangular slice flag is 1, the single slice flag may be configured/included in the PPS. When the value of the rectangular slice flag is 0, the single slice flag may not exist. When the single slice flag does not exist, the value of the single slice flag may be derived as 0.
- the single slice flag may be related to whether each subpicture consists of only one slice. That is, the single slice flag may indicate/indicate whether each subpicture consists of only one slice.
- the single slice flag may be expressed in the form of a single_slice_per_subpic_flag syntax element.
- the single_slice_per_subpic_flag syntax element may specify whether each subpicture consists of only one slice.
- the number information of the slices, the tile index delta presence flag, the tile unit slice width information, and the tile unit slice height information information on the number of slices in the tile, information on the slice height per CTU, and information on the tile index delta may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the value of the rectangular slice flag is not 1 or the value of the single slice flag is 1, the number of slices information, the tile index delta presence flag, the tile-unit slice width information, the tile-unit slice height information, Information on the number of slices in the tile, information on the slice height per CTU, and information on the tile index delta may not exist.
- the information on the number of slices may be related to the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture. That is, the number information +1 of the slices may indicate/represent the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the information on the number of slices may be expressed in the form of a num_slices_in_pic_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_slices_in_pic_minus1 syntax element may specify the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the tile index delta presence flag may not exist.
- the value of the tile index delta presence flag may be derived as 0.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be related to whether the tile index delta information is signaled. That is, the tile index delta presence flag may indicate/indicate whether the tile index delta information is signaled.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be expressed in the form of a tile_idx_delta_present_flag syntax element.
- the tile_idx_delta_present_flag syntax element may specify whether to signal the tile index delta information.
- the slice width information per tile may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the value of the slice width information per tile may be derived as 0.
- the slice width information per tile may be related to a width of each rectangular slice in units of tile columns. That is, the value +1 of the slice width information per tile may indicate/represent the width of each rectangular slice in units of tile columns.
- the tile-unit slice width information may be expressed in the form of a slice_width_in_tiles_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the slice_width_in_tiles_minus1 syntax element may specify the width of each rectangular slice in units of tile columns.
- the slice height information per tile may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the value of the slice height information per tile may be derived as 0.
- the slice height information per tile may be related to a height of each rectangular slice in units of tile rows. That is, the value +1 of the slice height information per tile may indicate/represent the height of each rectangular slice in units of tile rows.
- the tile-unit slice height information may be expressed in the form of a slice_height_in_tiles_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the slice_height_in_tiles_minus1 syntax element may specify the height of each rectangular slice in units of tile rows.
- the value of the slice width information per tile is 0 and the value of the slice height information per tile is 0, information on the number of slices in the tile may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the value of the slice width information per tile is not 0 or the value of the slice height information per tile is not 0, information on the number of slices in the tile may not exist.
- the information on the number of slices in the tile may be related to the height in units of CTU rows of a rectangular slice in the tile including the slice. That is, the value +1 of the information on the number of slices in the tile may indicate/represent the height in units of CTU rows of a rectangular slice in a tile including a specific slice.
- information on the number of slices in the tile may be expressed in the form of an exp_slice_height_in_ctus_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the exp_slice_height_in_ctus_minus1 syntax element may specify the height in units of CTU rows of a rectangular slice within a tile including a specific slice.
- the tile index delta information may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the tile index delta presence flag may not exist.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be derived as 0.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be related to whether a difference value between tile indices including the first CTU of two slices is signaled. That is, the tile index delta presence flag may indicate/indicate whether a difference value between tile indices including the first CTU of two slices is signaled.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be expressed in the form of a tile_idx_delta syntax element.
- the tile_idx_delta syntax element may specify whether to signal a difference value between tile indices including the first CTU of two slices.
- the loop filter tile boundary availability flag may be related to whether an in-loop filter operation is performed on a tile boundary within a current picture. That is, the loop filter tile boundary availability flag may indicate/indicate whether an in-loop filter operation is performed on a tile boundary within the current picture.
- the loop filter tile boundary enable flag may be expressed in the form of a loop_filter_across_tiles_enabled_flag syntax element.
- the loop_filter_across_tiles_enabled_flag syntax element may specify whether an in-loop filter operation is performed at a tile boundary in the current picture.
- the loop filter slice boundary availability flag may be related to whether an in-loop filter operation is performed on a slice boundary within a current picture. That is, the loop filter slice boundary availability flag may indicate/indicate whether an in-loop filter operation is performed on a slice boundary within the current picture.
- the loop filter slice boundary enable flag may be expressed in the form of a loop_filter_across_slices_enabled_flag syntax element.
- the loop_filter_across_slices_enabled_flag syntax element may specify whether an in-loop filter operation is performed at a slice boundary within the current picture.
- the existing signaling mechanism of tile-related information and/or slice-related information by picture partitioning includes the following problems.
- the current signaling mechanism is designed to signal information on the number of slices in the picture.
- it includes a separate process for deriving the number of slices present in the picture at the same time, which is a redundant process that can be removed, and the number of slices present in the picture from which the signaled value of information on the number of slices in the picture is derived may cause inconsistent problems.
- the signaling efficiency of picture partitioning can be further improved. That is, there is a problem in that signaling of related information may be repeatedly performed in any part within a picture, and information related to partitioning of a picture is not necessarily limited to the right and lower portions of a specific part of the picture.
- embodiments of the present document may include one or more of the following features.
- the pictures referencing the PPS are divided (eg, the value of the no_pic_partition_flag syntax element is 0), but only one tile exists in the picture, and the slices in the picture are specified as rectangular slices (eg , the value of the rect_slice_flag syntax element is 1), the number of rectangular slices present in the picture referring to the PPS is not signaled, and the number of slices present in the first tile, which is only one tile present in the picture, is to be derived as a value equal to can
- the value of the no_pic_partition_flag syntax element is 0
- the slices in the picture are specified as rectangular slices (eg For example, the value of the rect_slice_flag syntax element is 1)
- the value +1 of the num_slices_in_pic_minus1 syntax element related to the number of slices in the picture is NumSlicesInTile[0, which is a variable related to the number of slices in the tile including the first (0-th index) slice. ] may be constrained to be equal to the value of -1.
- a syntax element of a new flag included in another signaling layer may be used. That is, a new syntax element single_tile_per_pic_flag may be signaled.
- the single_tile_per_pic_flag syntax element if available, may indicate that a picture includes only one tile. Additionally, when the single_tile_per_pic_flag syntax element is available, additional syntax elements indicating the number of slices in a tile and an explicit height of each slice in a tile may be signaled/parsed.
- the pictures referring to the PPS are divided (eg, the value of the no_pic_partition_flag syntax element is 0), there is only one tile in the picture, and the slices in the picture are specified as rectangular slices (eg For example, if the value of the rect_slice_flag syntax element is 1), signaling of related information may be repeated based on the number of tiles in the picture instead of the number of slices in the picture. In this case, an additional process may be required in terms of mapping slices to tiles.
- is_column_freq_info_present_flag which is a syntax element indicating tile column frequency information
- is_row_freq_info_present_flag which is a syntax element indicating tile row frequency information
- frequency distribution information related to the tile column spacing and/or the tile row spacing may exist. This aims to find overlapping signaling in signaling of information related to picture partitioning. Other methods may be applied to find overlapping signaling.
- information related to a tile and information related to a slice may be signaled as follows.
- the PPS may include the syntax of Table 3 below.
- the syntax of Table 3 below may be a part of the PPS.
- syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 3 may be expressed, for example, as shown in Table 4 below.
- semantics of syntax elements not shown in Table 4 below among the syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 3 may be shown, for example, as shown in Table 2 above.
- the image information obtained through the bitstream may include the no-picture partition flag.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 0, information related to a tile and information related to a slice may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the tile-related information and the slice-related information may not exist.
- the slice-related information may include the rectangular slice flag.
- the rectangular slice flag When the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the rectangular slice flag may not exist. When the rectangular slice flag does not exist, the value of the rectangular slice flag may be derived as 1.
- the number of at least one tile existing in the current picture is derived as 1, and the value of the rectangular slice flag is 1, at least existing in the current picture
- the number of one slice may be limited to be derived as a value greater than one.
- the number of the at least one tile existing in the current picture may be related to a variable NumTilesInPic. That is, the variable NumTilesInPic may specify the number of the at least one tile.
- the slice-related information may include information on the number of the slices and the tile index delta presence flag.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be configured/included in the PPS when the value of the information on the number of slices is greater than 0.
- the number information of the slices and the tile index delta presence flag may not exist.
- the value of information on the number of slices may be derived as 1. That is, when the value of the no-picture partition flag is 0, the number of the at least one tile is derived as 1, and the number information of the slices does not exist, the value of the number information of the slices is derived as 1.
- a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice may be set to be the same as the value of information on the number of slices. That is, the number -1 of the at least one slice may be set equal to the value of the information on the number of slices.
- the number of the at least one slice may be related to the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1. That is, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 may specify a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice in the current picture. For example, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 may be set equal to the value of the information on the number of slices.
- the number of slices in the tile including the first slice existing in the current picture may be derived based on the slice-related information.
- the number of slices in the tile including the first slice existing in the current picture may be related to the variable NumSlicesInTile[0]. That is, the variable NumSlicesInTile[i] may specify the number of slices in the tile including the i-th slice existing in the current picture.
- a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice may be set equal to a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of slices in the tile including the first slice in the current picture. That is, when the value of the no-picture partition flag is 0, the number of the at least one tile is derived as 1, and the value of the rectangular slice flag is 1, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 is the value of the variable NumSlicesInTile[0]-1. can be set the same as
- the value of the tile index delta presence flag may be derived as 0.
- unnecessary redundant signaling is removed by signaling the number information of the slices and the tile index delta presence flag only when the number of the at least one tile is greater than 1, thereby eliminating redundant signaling and assigning it to signaling. It is possible to increase the overall coding efficiency by reducing the number of bits.
- information related to a tile and information related to a slice may be signaled as follows.
- the PPS may include the syntax of Table 5 below.
- the syntax of Table 5 below may be a part of the PPS.
- syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 5 may be expressed, for example, as shown in Table 6 below.
- semantics of syntax elements not shown in Table 6 below among the syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 5 may be represented, for example, as shown in Table 2 above.
- the image information obtained through the bitstream may include the no-picture partition flag.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may not exist.
- the information related to the tile may include a single tile picture flag.
- the single tile picture flag may not exist.
- the value of the single tile picture flag may be derived as 0.
- the single tile picture flag may be related to whether the current picture consists of only one tile (single tile). That is, the single tile picture flag may indicate/indicate whether the current picture consists of only one tile.
- the single tile picture flag may be expressed in the form of a single_tile_per_pic_flag syntax element.
- the single_tile_per_pic_flag syntax element may specify whether the current picture consists of only one tile.
- the tile-related information may further include information on the number of slices in a single tile and height information of each of the slices in a single tile.
- the value of the single tile picture flag is 0, information on the number of slices in the single tile and information on the height of each slice in the single tile may not exist.
- the information on the number of slices in the single tile may be related to the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture. That is, the value +1 of information on the number of slices in the single tile may indicate/represent the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- information on the number of slices in the single tile may be expressed in the form of a num_slices_in_single_tile_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_slices_in_single_tile_minus1 syntax element may specify the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may be configured/included in the PPS when a value of information on the number of slices in the single tile is greater than 0.
- the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may be related to the height of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may be related to the height of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture in units of CTU rows. That is, the value +1 of the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may indicate/represent the height of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the value +1 of the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may indicate/represent the height in units of CTU rows of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may be expressed in the form of an exp_slice_height_in_single_tile_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the exp_slice_height_in_single_tile_minus1 syntax element may specify the height of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the rectangular slice flag, the single slice flag, the number information of the slices, the tile index delta presence flag, the tile unit slice width information, the tile unit slice height information, the number of slices in the tile Information, the CTU unit slice height information, the tile index delta information, and the loop filter tile boundary availability flag may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the tile according to the number information of the tile columns, the number information of the tile rows, the tile column width information according to the number information of the tile columns, and the number information of the tile rows Row height information, the rectangular slice flag, the single slice flag, the number information of the slices, the tile index delta presence flag, the slice width information per tile, the slice height information per tile, information about the number of slices in the tile, and the The CTU unit slice height information, the tile index delta information, and the loop filter tile boundary availability flag may not exist.
- the value of the single tile picture flag is 1 (that is, when the current picture consists of only one tile)
- the number of slices in the single tile and the slices in the single tile By signaling only information on the height of each of the signals, unnecessary redundant signaling is removed, thereby reducing the number of bits allocated for signaling, thereby increasing overall coding efficiency.
- information related to a tile and information related to a slice may be signaled as follows.
- the PPS may include the syntax of Table 7 below.
- the syntax of Table 7 below may be a part of the PPS.
- syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 7 may be expressed, for example, as shown in Table 8 below.
- semantics of syntax elements not shown in Table 8 below among the syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 7 may be represented, for example, as shown in Table 2 above.
- the image information obtained through the bitstream may include the no-picture partition flag.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may not exist.
- the slice-related information may include information on the number of slices in a tile.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, information on the number of slices in the tile may not exist.
- a value of information on the number of slices in the tile may be derived as 0.
- the information on the number of slices in the tile may be related to the number of rectangular slices in each tile. That is, the value +1 of the information on the number of slices in the tile may indicate/represent the number of rectangular slices in each tile.
- information on the number of slices in the tile may be expressed in the form of a num_slices_in_tile_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_slices_in_tile_minus1 syntax element may specify the number of rectangular slices in each tile.
- a variable NumSlicesInTile related to the number of rectangular slices in the tile may be derived as a value +1 of information on the number of slices in the tile.
- the slice-related information may further include slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile.
- slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile may not exist.
- the slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile may be related to the height of each of the rectangular slices in the current tile in units of CTU rows. That is, the value +1 of the slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile may indicate/represent the height of each of the rectangular slices in the current tile in units of CTU rows.
- slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile may be expressed in the form of an exp_slice_height_in_ctus_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the exp_slice_height_in_ctus_minus1 syntax element may specify the height in units of CTU rows of each of the rectangular slices in the current tile.
- the slice-related information may further include a single slice tile flag and slice map index information.
- the single slice tile flag and the slice map index information may not exist.
- the single slice tile flag may relate to whether there is only one slice in each tile. That is, the single slice tile flag may indicate/indicate whether only one slice exists in each tile.
- the single slice tile flag may be expressed in the form of a single_slice_per_tile_flag syntax element.
- the single_slice_per_tile_flag syntax element may specify whether only one slice (eg, a single slice) exists in each tile.
- the slice-related information may include the slice map index information.
- the slice map index information may not exist.
- the slice map index information may be related to an index of a tile for a slice.
- the slice map index information may be related to information on a slice corresponding to each tile.
- the slice map index information may indicate/represent an index of a tile for a slice.
- the slice map index information may indicate/represent information on a slice corresponding to each tile.
- the slice map index information may be expressed in the form of a tile_to_slice_map_idx syntax element.
- the tile_to_slice_map_idx syntax element may specify an index of a tile for a slice.
- the tile_to_slice_map_idx syntax element may specify information on a slice corresponding to each tile.
- information related to a tile and information related to a slice may be signaled as follows.
- the PPS may include the syntax of Table 9 below.
- the syntax of Table 9 below may be a part of the PPS.
- semantics of the syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 9 may be expressed, for example, as shown in Table 10 below.
- the semantics of the syntax elements included in the syntax of Table 9 that are not shown in Table 10 below may be represented, for example, as in Table 2 above.
- the image information obtained through the bitstream may include the no-picture partition flag.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may not exist.
- the tile-related information may include information on the number of tile columns, a column frequency information presence flag, and tile column width information.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the number information of the tile columns, the column frequency information presence flag, and the tile column width information may not exist.
- a value of information on the number of tile columns may be derived as 0.
- the information on the number of tile columns may be related to the unique number of widths of successive tile columns. That is, the value +1 of the number information of the tile columns may indicate/represent the unique number of widths of successive tile columns.
- the information on the number of tile columns may be expressed in the form of a num_exp_tile_columns_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_exp_tile_columns_minus1 syntax element may specify the unique number of widths of tile columns.
- the column frequency information presence flag may be related to whether the column frequency information is signaled. That is, the column frequency information presence flag may indicate/indicate whether the column frequency information is signaled.
- the column frequency information presence flag may be expressed in the form of an is_column_freq_information_present_flag syntax element.
- the is_column_freq_information_present_flag syntax element may specify whether to signal the column frequency information (eg, column_freq_count_minus1 syntax element).
- the tile-related information may further include the aforementioned column frequency information.
- the column frequency information may not exist.
- the column frequency information may be related to a frequency number for the width of each tile column according to a unique number of widths of successive tile columns. That is, the value +1 of the column frequency information may indicate/represent the number of frequencies for the widths of each tile column according to the unique number of widths of successive tile columns.
- the column frequency information may be expressed in the form of the column_freq_count_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the column_freq_count_minus1 syntax element may specify the frequency count for the width of each tile column according to the unique number of widths of successive tile columns.
- the tile-related information may include information on the number of tile rows, a row frequency information presence flag, and information on the tile row height.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the number information of the tile rows, the row frequency information presence flag, and the tile row height information may not exist.
- a value of information on the number of tile rows may be derived as 0.
- the information on the number of tile rows may be related to the unique number of heights of successive tile rows. That is, the value +1 of the number information of the tile rows may indicate/represent the unique number of heights of successive tile rows.
- the information on the number of tile rows may be expressed in the form of a num_exp_tile_rows_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_exp_tile_rows_minus1 syntax element may specify the unique number of heights of tile rows.
- the row frequency information presence flag may be related to whether the row frequency information is signaled. That is, the row frequency information presence flag may indicate/indicate whether the row frequency information is signaled.
- the row frequency information presence flag may be expressed in the form of an is_row_freq_information_present_flag syntax element.
- the is_row_freq_information_present_flag syntax element may specify whether to signal the row frequency information (eg, row_freq_count_minus1 syntax element).
- the tile-related information may further include the above-described row frequency information.
- the row frequency information presence flag is 0, the row frequency information may not exist.
- the row frequency information may be related to a frequency for a height of each tile row according to a unique number of heights of successive tile rows. That is, the value +1 of the row frequency information may indicate/represent the frequency number of the height of each tile row according to the unique number of heights of successive tile rows.
- the row frequency information may be expressed in the form of the row_freq_count_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the row_freq_count_minus1 syntax element may specify the frequency of the height of each tile row according to the unique number of heights of successive tile rows.
- FIG. 9 and 10 schematically show an example of a video/image encoding method and related components according to embodiment(s) of this document.
- the method disclosed in FIG. 9 may be performed by the encoding apparatus disclosed in FIG. 2 .
- S900 and S910 of FIG. 9 may be performed by the image dividing unit 210 of the encoding apparatus
- S920 of FIG. 9 may be performed by the entropy encoding unit 240 of the encoding apparatus. have.
- the method disclosed in FIG. 9 may include the embodiments described above in this document.
- the encoding apparatus derives at least one tile and at least one slice for a current picture ( S900 ).
- the encoding apparatus may divide the input image (or picture, frame) into predetermined units. For example, the encoding apparatus may divide the input image in units of tiles or slices. For example, the encoding apparatus may derive at least one tile for the current picture by dividing the input image into tile units. Also, the encoding apparatus may derive at least one slice of the current picture by dividing the input image into slice units.
- the encoding apparatus generates tile-related information and slice-related information based on the at least one tile and the at least one slice ( S910 ). Also, for example, the encoding apparatus may generate tile-related information, slice-related information, and a no-picture partition flag based on the at least one tile and the at least one slice.
- the no-picture partition flag may be related to whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture. That is, the no-picture partition flag may indicate/indicate whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture.
- the no-picture partition flag may be expressed in the form of a no_pic_partition_flag syntax element.
- the no_pic_partition_flag syntax element may specify whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture.
- the information related to the tile and the information related to the slice include CTU size information, information on the number of tile columns, information on the number of tile rows, tile column width information according to information on the number of tile columns, and tiles according to information on the number of tile rows.
- any information related to the information and the slice associated with the tile is pps_log2_ctu_size_minus5, num_exp_tile_columns_minus1, num_exp_tile_rows_minus1, tile_column_width_minus1, tile_row_height_minus1, rect_slice_flag, single_slice_per_subpic_flag, num_slices_in_pic_minus1, tile_idx_delta_present_flag, slice_width_in_tiles_minus1, slice_height_in_tiles_minus1, exp_slice_height_in_ctus_minus1, tile_idx_delta, loop_filter_across_tiles_enabled_flag and / or loop_filter_across_slices_enabled_flag syntax element It may contain at least one.
- the encoding device encodes the image/video information (S920).
- the image/video information may include information related to the tile, information related to the slice, and the no-picture partition flag.
- the image/video information may include various information according to an embodiment of the present document.
- the image/video information may include information disclosed in at least one of Tables 1, 3, 5, 7 and/or 9 described above.
- the encoded image/video information may be output in the form of a bitstream.
- the bitstream may be transmitted to the decoding device through a network or a storage medium.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may include various information according to an embodiment of the present document.
- the image information may include the no-picture partition flag.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the tile-related information and the slice-related information may not exist.
- the slice-related information may include the rectangular slice flag.
- the rectangular slice flag When the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the rectangular slice flag may not exist. When the rectangular slice flag does not exist, the value of the rectangular slice flag may be derived as 1.
- the number of at least one tile existing in the current picture is derived as 1, and the value of the rectangular slice flag is 1, at least existing in the current picture
- the number of one slice may be limited to be derived as a value greater than one.
- the number of the at least one tile existing in the current picture may be related to a variable NumTilesInPic. That is, the variable NumTilesInPic may specify the number of the at least one tile.
- the slice-related information may include information on the number of the slices and the tile index delta presence flag.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be configured/included in the PPS when the value of the information on the number of slices is greater than 0.
- the number information of the slices and the tile index delta presence flag may not exist.
- the value of information on the number of slices may be derived as 1. That is, when the value of the no-picture partition flag is 0, the number of the at least one tile is derived as 1, and the number information of the slices does not exist, the value of the number information of the slices is derived as 1.
- a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice may be set to be the same as the value of information on the number of slices. That is, the number -1 of the at least one slice may be set equal to the value of the information on the number of slices.
- the number of the at least one slice may be related to the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1. That is, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 may specify a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice in the current picture. For example, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 may be set equal to the value of the information on the number of slices.
- the number of slices in the tile including the first slice existing in the current picture may be derived based on the slice-related information.
- the number of slices in the tile including the first slice existing in the current picture may be related to the variable NumSlicesInTile[0]. That is, the variable NumSlicesInTile[i] may specify the number of slices in the tile including the i-th slice existing in the current picture.
- a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice may be set equal to a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of slices in the tile including the first slice in the current picture. That is, when the value of the no-picture partition flag is 0, the number of the at least one tile is derived as 1, and the value of the rectangular slice flag is 1, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 is the value of the variable NumSlicesInTile[0]-1. can be set the same as
- the value of the tile index delta presence flag may be derived as 0.
- FIG. 11 and 12 schematically show an example of an image/video decoding method and related components according to an embodiment of the present document.
- the method disclosed in FIG. 11 may be performed by the decoding apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3 .
- S1100 and S1110 of FIG. 11 may be performed by the entropy decoding unit 310 of the decoding apparatus
- S1120 of the decoding apparatus is a residual processing unit 320, a predicting unit 330 and /
- it may be performed by at least one of the adder 340 .
- the method disclosed in FIG. 11 may include the embodiments described above in this document.
- the decoding apparatus receives/obtains image/video information ( S1100 ).
- the decoding apparatus may receive/obtain the image/video information through a bitstream.
- the image/video information may include a no-picture partition flag related to whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture.
- the image/video information may include tile-related information and slice-related information.
- the image/video information may include information related to the tile and information related to the slice based on a case in which the value of the no-picture partition flag is 0.
- the no-picture partition flag may be related to whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture. That is, the no-picture partition flag may indicate/indicate whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture.
- the no-picture partition flag may be expressed in the form of a no_pic_partition_flag syntax element.
- the no_pic_partition_flag syntax element may specify whether no-picture partitioning is applied to the current picture.
- the image/video information may include various information according to an embodiment of the present document.
- the image/video information may include information disclosed in at least one of Tables 1, 3, 5, 7 and/or 9 described above.
- the decoding apparatus derives at least one tile existing in the current picture based on the tile-related information (S1110).
- the decoding apparatus may derive at least one tile existing in the current picture based on information related to the tile included in the image/video information.
- the decoding apparatus derives at least one slice existing in the current picture based on the slice-related information (S1120). For example, the decoding apparatus may derive at least one slice existing in the current picture based on information related to the slice included in the image/video information.
- the decoding apparatus performs decoding on the current picture based on the at least one tile and the at least one slice (S1130).
- the decoding apparatus may perform decoding on the current picture based on the at least one tile and the at least one slice.
- Decoding of the current picture may be performed in units of tiles and/or in units of slices based on the at least one tile and the at least one slice. In this case, the above-described intra and inter prediction methods and residual processing methods may be applied.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may include various types of information according to an embodiment of the present document.
- the image information may include the no-picture partition flag.
- the tile-related information and the slice-related information may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the tile-related information and the slice-related information may not exist.
- the slice-related information may include the rectangular slice flag.
- the rectangular slice flag When the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the rectangular slice flag may not exist. When the rectangular slice flag does not exist, the value of the rectangular slice flag may be derived as 1.
- the number of at least one tile existing in the current picture is derived as 1, and the value of the rectangular slice flag is 1, at least existing in the current picture
- the number of one slice may be limited to be derived as a value greater than one.
- the number of the at least one tile existing in the current picture may be related to a variable NumTilesInPic. That is, the variable NumTilesInPic may specify the number of the at least one tile.
- the slice-related information may include information on the number of the slices and the tile index delta presence flag.
- the tile index delta presence flag may be configured/included in the PPS when the value of the information on the number of slices is greater than 0.
- the number information of the slices and the tile index delta presence flag may not exist.
- the value of information on the number of slices may be derived as 1. That is, when the value of the no-picture partition flag is 0, the number of the at least one tile is derived as 1, and the number information of the slices does not exist, the value of the number information of the slices is derived as 1.
- a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice may be set to be the same as the value of information on the number of slices. That is, the number -1 of the at least one slice may be set equal to the value of the information on the number of slices.
- the number of the at least one slice may be related to the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1. That is, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 may specify a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice in the current picture. For example, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 may be set equal to the value of the information on the number of slices.
- the number of slices in the tile including the first slice existing in the current picture may be derived based on the slice-related information.
- the number of slices in the tile including the first slice existing in the current picture may be related to the variable NumSlicesInTile[0]. That is, the variable NumSlicesInTile[i] may specify the number of slices in the tile including the i-th slice existing in the current picture.
- a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of the at least one slice may be set equal to a value obtained by subtracting 1 from the number of slices in the tile including the first slice in the current picture. That is, when the value of the no-picture partition flag is 0, the number of the at least one tile is derived as 1, and the value of the rectangular slice flag is 1, the variable NumSlicesInPicMinus1 is the value of the variable NumSlicesInTile[0]-1. can be set the same as
- the value of the tile index delta presence flag may be derived as 0.
- the information related to the tile may include a single tile picture flag.
- the single tile picture flag When the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the single tile picture flag may not exist. When the single tile picture flag does not exist, the value of the single tile picture flag may be derived as 0.
- the single tile picture flag may be related to whether the current picture consists of only one tile (single tile). That is, the single tile picture flag may indicate/indicate whether the current picture consists of only one tile.
- the single tile picture flag may be expressed in the form of a single_tile_per_pic_flag syntax element.
- the single_tile_per_pic_flag syntax element may specify whether the current picture consists of only one tile.
- the tile-related information may further include information on the number of slices in a single tile and height information of each of the slices in a single tile.
- the value of the single tile picture flag is 0, information on the number of slices in the single tile and information on the height of each slice in the single tile may not exist.
- the information on the number of slices in the single tile may be related to the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture. That is, the value +1 of information on the number of slices in the single tile may indicate/represent the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- information on the number of slices in the single tile may be expressed in the form of a num_slices_in_single_tile_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_slices_in_single_tile_minus1 syntax element may specify the number of rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may be configured/included in the PPS when a value of information on the number of slices in the single tile is greater than 0.
- the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may be related to the height of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may be related to the height of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture in units of CTU rows. That is, the value +1 of the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may indicate/represent the height of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the value +1 of the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may indicate/represent the height in units of CTU rows of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the height information of each of the slices in the single tile may be expressed in the form of an exp_slice_height_in_single_tile_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the exp_slice_height_in_single_tile_minus1 syntax element may specify the height of each of the rectangular slices existing in the current picture.
- the rectangular slice flag, the single slice flag, the number information of the slices, the tile index delta presence flag, the tile unit slice width information, the tile unit slice height information, the number of slices in the tile Information, the CTU unit slice height information, the tile index delta information, and the loop filter tile boundary availability flag may be configured/included in the PPS.
- the tile according to the number information of the tile columns, the number information of the tile rows, the tile column width information according to the number information of the tile columns, and the number information of the tile rows Row height information, the rectangular slice flag, the single slice flag, the number information of the slices, the tile index delta presence flag, the slice width information per tile, the slice height information per tile, information about the number of slices in the tile, and the The CTU unit slice height information, the tile index delta information, and the loop filter tile boundary availability flag may not exist.
- the information related to the slice may include information on the number of slices in the tile.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, information on the number of slices in the tile may not exist.
- a value of information on the number of slices in the tile may be derived as 0.
- the information on the number of slices in the tile may be related to the number of rectangular slices in each tile. That is, the value +1 of the information on the number of slices in the tile may indicate/represent the number of rectangular slices in each tile.
- information on the number of slices in the tile may be expressed in the form of a num_slices_in_tile_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_slices_in_tile_minus1 syntax element may specify the number of rectangular slices in each tile.
- a variable NumSlicesInTile related to the number of rectangular slices in the tile may be derived as a value +1 of information on the number of slices in the tile.
- the slice-related information may further include slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile.
- slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile may not exist.
- the slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile may be related to the height of each of the rectangular slices in the current tile in units of CTU rows. That is, the value +1 of the slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile may indicate/represent the height of each of the rectangular slices in the current tile in units of CTU rows.
- slice height information for each of the rectangular slices in the tile may be expressed in the form of an exp_slice_height_in_ctus_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the exp_slice_height_in_ctus_minus1 syntax element may specify the height in units of CTU rows of each of the rectangular slices in the current tile.
- the slice-related information may further include a single slice tile flag and slice map index information.
- the single slice tile flag and the slice map index information may not exist.
- the single slice tile flag may relate to whether there is only one slice in each tile. That is, the single slice tile flag may indicate/indicate whether only one slice exists in each tile.
- the single slice tile flag may be expressed in the form of a single_slice_per_tile_flag syntax element.
- the single_slice_per_tile_flag syntax element may specify whether only one slice (eg, a single slice) exists in each tile.
- the slice-related information may include the slice map index information.
- the slice map index information may not exist.
- the slice map index information may be related to an index of a tile for a slice.
- the slice map index information may be related to information on a slice corresponding to each tile.
- the slice map index information may indicate/represent an index of a tile for a slice.
- the slice map index information may indicate/represent information on a slice corresponding to each tile.
- the slice map index information may be expressed in the form of a tile_to_slice_map_idx syntax element.
- the tile_to_slice_map_idx syntax element may specify an index of a tile for a slice.
- the tile_to_slice_map_idx syntax element may specify information on a slice corresponding to each tile.
- the information related to the tile may include information on the number of tile columns, a column frequency information presence flag, and information on the tile column width.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the number information of the tile columns, the column frequency information presence flag, and the tile column width information may not exist.
- a value of information on the number of tile columns may be derived as 0.
- the information on the number of tile columns may be related to the unique number of widths of successive tile columns. That is, the value +1 of the number information of the tile columns may indicate/represent the unique number of widths of successive tile columns.
- the information on the number of tile columns may be expressed in the form of a num_exp_tile_columns_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_exp_tile_columns_minus1 syntax element may specify the unique number of widths of tile columns.
- the column frequency information presence flag may be related to whether the column frequency information is signaled. That is, the column frequency information presence flag may indicate/indicate whether the column frequency information is signaled.
- the column frequency information presence flag may be expressed in the form of an is_column_freq_information_present_flag syntax element.
- the is_column_freq_information_present_flag syntax element may specify whether to signal the column frequency information (eg, column_freq_count_minus1 syntax element).
- the tile-related information may further include the aforementioned column frequency information.
- the column frequency information may not exist.
- the column frequency information may be related to a frequency number for the width of each tile column according to a unique number of widths of successive tile columns. That is, the value +1 of the column frequency information may indicate/represent the number of frequencies for the widths of each tile column according to the unique number of widths of successive tile columns.
- the column frequency information may be expressed in the form of the column_freq_count_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the column_freq_count_minus1 syntax element may specify the frequency count for the width of each tile column according to the unique number of widths of successive tile columns.
- the tile-related information may include information on the number of tile rows, a row frequency information presence flag, and information on the tile row height.
- the value of the no-picture partition flag is 1, the number information of the tile rows, the row frequency information presence flag, and the tile row height information may not exist.
- a value of information on the number of tile rows may be derived as 0.
- the information on the number of tile rows may be related to the unique number of heights of successive tile rows. That is, the value +1 of the number information of the tile rows may indicate/represent the unique number of heights of successive tile rows.
- the information on the number of tile rows may be expressed in the form of a num_exp_tile_rows_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the num_exp_tile_rows_minus1 syntax element may specify the unique number of heights of tile rows.
- the row frequency information presence flag may be related to whether the row frequency information is signaled. That is, the row frequency information presence flag may indicate/indicate whether the row frequency information is signaled.
- the row frequency information presence flag may be expressed in the form of an is_row_freq_information_present_flag syntax element.
- the is_row_freq_information_present_flag syntax element may specify whether to signal the row frequency information (eg, row_freq_count_minus1 syntax element).
- the tile-related information may further include the above-described row frequency information.
- the row frequency information presence flag is 0, the row frequency information may not exist.
- the row frequency information may be related to a frequency for a height of each tile row according to a unique number of heights of successive tile rows. That is, the value +1 of the row frequency information may indicate/represent the frequency number of the height of each tile row according to the unique number of heights of successive tile rows.
- the row frequency information may be expressed in the form of the row_freq_count_minus1 syntax element.
- the value +1 of the row_freq_count_minus1 syntax element may specify a frequency count for the height of each tile row according to the unique number of heights of successive tile rows.
- the encoding device and/or decoding device according to this document is, for example, an image of a TV, a computer, a smart phone, a set-top box, a display device, etc. It may be included in the device performing the processing.
- a module may be stored in a memory and executed by a processor.
- the memory may be internal or external to the processor, and may be coupled to the processor by various well-known means.
- the processor may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), other chipsets, logic circuits, and/or data processing devices.
- Memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory cards, storage media, and/or other storage devices. That is, the embodiments described in this document may be implemented and performed on a processor, a microprocessor, a controller, or a chip.
- the functional units shown in each figure may be implemented and performed on a computer, a processor, a microprocessor, a controller, or a chip.
- information for implementation (ex. information on instructions) or an algorithm may be stored in a digital storage medium.
- the decoding device and the encoding device to which the embodiment(s) of this document are applied is a multimedia broadcasting transmission/reception device, a mobile communication terminal, a home cinema video device, a digital cinema video device, a surveillance camera, a video conversation device, such as a video communication device.
- Real-time communication device mobile streaming device, storage medium, camcorder, video on demand (VoD) service providing device, OTT video (over the top video) device, internet streaming service providing device, three-dimensional (3D) video device, virtual reality (VR) ) devices, AR (argumente reality) devices, video telephony video devices, transportation means (eg, vehicle (including autonomous vehicle) terminals, airplane terminals, ship terminals, etc.) and medical video devices, etc.
- the OTT video (Over the top video) device may include a game console, a Blu-ray player, an Internet-connected TV, a home theater system, a smart phone, a tablet PC, a digital video recorder (DVR), and the like.
- a game console a Blu-ray player
- an Internet-connected TV a home theater system
- a smart phone a tablet PC
- DVR digital video recorder
- the processing method to which the embodiment(s) of this document is applied may be produced in the form of a program executed by a computer, and may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium.
- Multimedia data having a data structure according to the embodiment(s) of this document may also be stored in a computer-readable recording medium.
- the computer-readable recording medium includes all types of storage devices and distributed storage devices in which computer-readable data is stored.
- the computer-readable recording medium includes, for example, Blu-ray Disc (BD), Universal Serial Bus (USB), ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, RAM, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, floppy disk and optical It may include a data storage device.
- the computer-readable recording medium includes a medium implemented in the form of a carrier wave (eg, transmission through the Internet).
- the bitstream generated by the encoding method may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium or transmitted through a wired/wireless communication network.
- embodiment(s) of this document may be implemented as a computer program product by program code, and the program code may be executed in a computer by the embodiment(s) of this document.
- the program code may be stored on a carrier readable by a computer.
- FIG. 13 shows an example of a content streaming system to which embodiments disclosed in this document can be applied.
- a content streaming system to which embodiments of this document are applied may largely include an encoding server, a streaming server, a web server, a media storage, a user device, and a multimedia input device.
- the encoding server generates a bitstream by compressing content input from multimedia input devices such as a smart phone, a camera, a camcorder, etc. into digital data and transmits it to the streaming server.
- multimedia input devices such as a smartphone, a camera, a camcorder, etc. directly generate a bitstream
- the encoding server may be omitted.
- the bitstream may be generated by an encoding method or a bitstream generating method to which embodiments of this document are applied, and the streaming server may temporarily store the bitstream in the process of transmitting or receiving the bitstream.
- the streaming server transmits multimedia data to the user device based on a user's request through the web server, and the web server serves as a mediator informing the user of a service.
- the web server transmits it to a streaming server, and the streaming server transmits multimedia data to the user.
- the content streaming system may include a separate control server.
- the control server serves to control commands/responses between devices in the content streaming system.
- the streaming server may receive content from a media repository and/or an encoding server. For example, when content is received from the encoding server, the content may be received in real time. In this case, in order to provide a smooth streaming service, the streaming server may store the bitstream for a predetermined time.
- Examples of the user device include a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), a navigation system, a slate PC, Tablet PC (tablet PC), ultrabook (ultrabook), wearable device (e.g., watch-type terminal (smartwatch), glass-type terminal (smart glass), HMD (head mounted display)), digital TV, desktop There may be a computer, digital signage, and the like.
- PDA personal digital assistant
- PMP portable multimedia player
- PDA portable multimedia player
- slate PC slate PC
- Tablet PC Tablet PC
- ultrabook ultrabook
- wearable device e.g., watch-type terminal (smartwatch), glass-type terminal (smart glass), HMD (head mounted display)
- digital TV desktop
- desktop There may be a computer, digital signage, and the like.
- Each server in the content streaming system may be operated as a distributed server, and in this case, data received from each server may be distributed and processed.
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 디코딩 장치에 의하여 수행되는 영상 디코딩 방법에 있어서,비트스트림을 통하여 영상 정보를 획득하되, 상기 영상 정보는 노-픽처 파티셔닝이 현재 픽처에 적용되는지 여부와 관련된 노-픽처 파티션 플래그를 포함하고, 상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0인 경우를 기반으로 상기 영상 정보는 타일과 관련된 정보 및 슬라이스와 관련된 정보를 더 포함하는 단계;상기 타일과 관련된 정보를 기반으로, 상기 현재 픽처 내에 존재하는 적어도 하나의 타일을 도출하는 단계;상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보를 기반으로, 상기 현재 픽처 내에 존재하는 적어도 하나의 슬라이스를 도출하는 단계; 및상기 적어도 하나의 타일과 상기 적어도 하나의 슬라이스를 기반으로 상기 현재 픽처에 대한 디코딩을 수행하는 단계를 포함하되,상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그를 포함하고, 상기 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그는 하나의 슬라이스 내 타일들이 상기 현재 픽처 내 직사각형 영역을 구성하는지 여부와 관련되며,상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0이고, 상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1로 도출되고, 상기 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그의 값이 1인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 적어도 하나의 슬라이스의 개수는 1보다 큰 값을 갖도록 제한되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1보다 큰 값으로 도출되는 경우를 기반으로, 상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 슬라이스들의 개수 정보 및 타일 인덱스 델타 존재 플래그를 포함하고,상기 슬라이스들의 개수 정보의 값에서 1을 더한 값은 상기 현재 픽처 내에 존재하는 직사각형 슬라이스들의 개수와 관련되며,상기 타일 인덱스 델타 존재 플래그는 두 슬라이스들의 첫번째 CTU(Coding Tree Unit, 코딩 트리 유닛)를 포함하는 타일 인덱스들 간의 차분값의 시그널링 여부와 관련되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0이고, 상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1로 도출되며, 상기 슬라이스들의 개수 정보가 존재하지 않는 경우를 기반으로, 상기 슬라이스들의 개수 정보의 값은 1로 도출되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0이고, 상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1로 도출되며, 상기 타일 인덱스 델타 존재 플래그가 존재하지 않는 경우를 기반으로, 상기 타일 인덱스 델타 존재 플래그의 값은 0으로 도출되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 적어도 하나의 슬라이스의 개수에서 1을 뺀 값은 상기 슬라이스들의 개수 정보의 값과 동일하게 설정되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보를 기반으로, 상기 현재 픽처 내 첫번째 슬라이스를 포함하는 타일 내 슬라이스들의 개수를 도출하는 단계를 더 포함하고,상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0이고, 상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1로 도출되고, 상기 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그의 값이 1인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 적어도 하나의 슬라이스의 개수에서 1을 뺀 값은 상기 현재 픽처 내 첫번째 슬라이스를 포함하는 타일 내 슬라이스들의 개수에서 1을 뺀 값과 동일하게 설정되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 타일과 관련된 정보는 상기 현재 픽처가 단일 타일로 구성되는지 여부와 관련된 단일 타일 픽처 플래그를 포함하고,상기 단일 타일 픽처 플래그의 값이 1인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 타일과 관련된 정보는 단일 타일 내 슬라이스들의 개수 정보 및 단일 타일 내 슬라이스들 각각의 높이 정보를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 상기 적어도 하나의 타일 각각에 대한 타일 내 직사각형 슬라이스들의 개수와 관련된 타일 내 슬라이스들의 개수 정보를 포함하고,상기 타일 내 슬라이스들의 개수 정보에 의해 도출된 타일 내 직사각형 슬라이스들의 개수가 1보다 큰 경우를 기반으로, 상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 상기 타일 내 직사각형 슬라이스들 각각에 대한 슬라이스 높이 정보를 더 포함하고,상기 타일 내 슬라이스들의 개수 정보에 의해 도출된 타일 내 직사각형 슬라이스들의 개수가 1인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 단일 슬라이스 타일 플래그 및 슬라이스 맵 인덱스 정보를 더 포함하며,상기 단일 슬라이스 타일 플래그는 슬라이스 내에 단일 슬라이스가 존재하는지 여부와 관련되고, 상기 슬라이스 맵 인덱스 정보는 슬라이스에 대한 타일의 인덱스와 관련되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 단일 슬라이스 타일 플래그의 값이 0인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 상기 슬라이스 맵 인덱스 정보를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 타일과 관련된 정보는 연속하는 타일 열들의 너비들의 고유 개수와 관련된 타일 열들의 개수 정보와, 열 빈도 정보의 시그널링 여부와 관련된 열 빈도 정보 존재 플래그를 포함하고,상기 열 빈도 정보는 연속하는 타일 열들의 너비들의 고유 개수에 따른 각 타일 열들의 너비에 대한 빈도수와 관련되고,상기 열 빈도 정보 존재 플래그의 값이 1인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 타일과 관련된 정보는 상기 열 빈도 정보를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 타일과 관련된 정보는 연속하는 타일 행들의 높이들의 고유 개수와 관련된 타일 행들의 개수 정보와, 행 빈도 정보의 시그널링 여부와 관련된 행 빈도 정보 존재 플래그를 포함하고,상기 행 빈도 정보는 연속하는 타일 행들의 높이들의 고유 개수에 따른 각 타일 행들의 높이에 대한 빈도수와 관련되고,상기 행 빈도 정보 존재 플래그의 값이 1인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 타일과 관련된 정보는 상기 행 빈도 정보를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 디코딩 방법.
- 인코딩 장치에 의하여 수행되는 영상 인코딩 방법에 있어서,현재 픽처에 대한 적어도 하나의 타일과 적어도 하나의 슬라이스를 도출하는 단계;상기 적어도 하나의 타일과 상기 적어도 하나의 슬라이스를 기반으로 타일과 관련된 정보, 슬라이스와 관련된 정보 및 노-픽처 파티셔닝이 상기 현재 픽처에 적용되는지 여부와 관련된 노-픽처 파티션 플래그를 생성하는 단계; 및상기 타일과 관련된 정보, 상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보 및 상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그를 포함하는 영상 정보를 인코딩하는 단계를 포함하되,상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그를 포함하고, 상기 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그는 하나의 슬라이스 내 타일들이 상기 현재 픽처 내 직사각형 영역을 구성하는지 여부와 관련되며,상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0이고, 상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1로 도출되고, 상기 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그의 값이 1인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 적어도 하나의 슬라이스의 개수는 1보다 큰 값을 갖도록 제한되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 인코딩 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서,상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1보다 큰 값으로 도출되는 경우를 기반으로, 상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 슬라이스들의 개수 정보 및 타일 인덱스 델타 존재 플래그를 포함하고,상기 슬라이스들의 개수 정보에서 1을 더한 값은 상기 현재 픽처 내에 존재하는 직사각형 슬라이스들의 개수와 관련되며,상기 타일 인덱스 델타 존재 플래그는 두 슬라이스들의 첫번째 CTU(Coding Tree Unit, 코딩 트리 유닛)를 포함하는 타일 인덱스들 간의 차분값의 시그널링 여부와 관련되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 인코딩 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0이고, 상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1로 도출되며, 상기 타일 인덱스 델타 존재 플래그가 존재하지 않는 경우를 기반으로, 상기 타일 인덱스 델타 존재 플래그의 값은 0으로 도출되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 영상 인코딩 방법.
- 디코딩 장치가 영상 디코딩 방법을 수행하도록 야기하는 인코딩된 정보를 저장하는 컴퓨터 판독 가능한 디지털 저장 매체에 있어서, 상기 영상 디코딩 방법은:상기 인코딩된 정보를 통하여 영상 정보를 획득하되, 상기 영상 정보는 노-픽처 파티셔닝이 현재 픽처에 적용되는지 여부와 관련된 노-픽처 파티션 플래그를 포함하고, 상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0인 경우를 기반으로 상기 영상 정보는 타일과 관련된 정보 및 슬라이스와 관련된 정보를 더 포함하는 단계;상기 타일과 관련된 정보를 기반으로, 상기 현재 픽처 내에 존재하는 적어도 하나의 타일을 도출하는 단계;상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보를 기반으로, 상기 현재 픽처 내에 존재하는 적어도 하나의 슬라이스를 도출하는 단계; 및상기 적어도 하나의 타일과 상기 적어도 하나의 슬라이스를 기반으로 상기 현재 픽처에 대한 디코딩을 수행하는 단계를 포함하되,상기 슬라이스와 관련된 정보는 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그를 포함하고, 상기 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그는 하나의 슬라이스 내 타일들이 상기 현재 픽처 내 직사각형 영역을 구성하는지 여부와 관련되며,상기 노-픽처 파티션 플래그의 값이 0이고, 상기 적어도 하나의 타일의 개수가 1로 도출되고, 상기 직사각형 슬라이스 플래그의 값이 1인 경우를 기반으로, 상기 적어도 하나의 슬라이스의 개수는 1보다 큰 값을 갖도록 제한되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 컴퓨터 판독 가능한 디지털 저장 매체.
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