WO2021179963A1 - 光学镜头、摄像头模组和终端 - Google Patents

光学镜头、摄像头模组和终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021179963A1
WO2021179963A1 PCT/CN2021/078795 CN2021078795W WO2021179963A1 WO 2021179963 A1 WO2021179963 A1 WO 2021179963A1 CN 2021078795 W CN2021078795 W CN 2021078795W WO 2021179963 A1 WO2021179963 A1 WO 2021179963A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
optical
optical lens
image
object side
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/078795
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶海水
刘天宇
江依达
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2021179963A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021179963A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0015—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design
    • G02B13/002—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface
    • G02B13/004—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras characterised by the lens design having at least one aspherical surface having four lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
    • G02B13/006—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element at least one element being a compound optical element, e.g. cemented elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/60—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having five components only

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of lenses, and in particular to an optical lens, a camera module, and a terminal.
  • the temperature drift of an optical lens refers to the focus drift of the optical lens in a high temperature environment or a low temperature environment.
  • the temperature drift of the lens will greatly affect the imaging effect of the optical lens. Especially for telephoto lenses, the longer the focal length of the lens, the more likely it is to produce temperature drift.
  • a voice coil motor (VCM) compensation or algorithm compensation method is generally used to reduce the temperature drift of the optical lens.
  • VCM voice coil motor
  • using the voice coil motor to compensate for the temperature drift of the optical lens will increase the power consumption and design difficulty of the voice coil motor, and it is easy to enter the non-linear region of the voice coil motor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optical lens, a camera module including the optical lens, and a terminal including the camera module, aiming to reduce the temperature drift of the optical lens in a simple manner and achieve a good imaging effect .
  • an optical lens in the first aspect, includes a plurality of lenses, and the plurality of lenses includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens arranged from the object side to the image side.
  • the second lens is glued to form a double glued lens, the material of the plurality of lenses is glass or plastic, and the material of at least one of the first lens and the second lens is glass.
  • the first lens or the second lens adopts a glass lens
  • the other lenses adopt a glass lens or a plastic lens. Since the temperature coefficient of the relative refractive index of the glass lens is low, that is, the refractive index of the glass lens changes less with temperature. Therefore, the optical lens of the present application has a temperature drift coefficient compared with an optical lens that uses all plastic lenses. Will be greatly reduced. And, generally speaking, the relationship between the refractive index of the glass lens and the temperature meets: dn/dT>0; the relationship between the refractive index of the plastic lens and the temperature meets: dn/dT ⁇ 0, when the temperature changes, the glass lens and the plastic There will be compensation between the lenses, thereby reducing the temperature drift of the optical lens.
  • the first lens and the second lens are bonded to form a double cemented lens.
  • the structure is simple, the light energy loss is small, and the spherical aberration, coma, and chromatic aberration of the optical lens can be corrected by the double cemented lens. Get better shooting results.
  • the double cemented lens has positive refractive power
  • the third lens has positive refractive power
  • the fourth lens has negative refractive power.
  • the aberration of the optical lens can be reduced through the coordination of the optical power between the lenses, so as to achieve a better shooting effect.
  • the double glued lens has a positive refractive power, and the ability of the optical lens to condense light from the outside can be improved through the double glued lens to increase the amount of light entering the outside world, and can reduce the total optical length of the optical lens TTL, so that the optical lens can be more suitable Used in thin devices such as mobile terminals.
  • the first lens and the second lens have different dispersion coefficients.
  • the optical path is adjusted by the first lens and the second lens with different dispersion coefficients, which can reduce the dispersion of the optical lens, thereby obtaining a better imaging effect.
  • the refractive power of the first lens is positive
  • the refractive power of the second lens is negative
  • the image side surface of the first lens and the object side surface of the second lens are attached, thereby Get the required double cemented lens.
  • the object side surface of the first lens is convex, and the ability of the optical lens to condense light from the outside can be improved by the double glued lens, so as to increase the amount of light entering from the outside, and can reduce the total optical length TTL of the optical lens. This makes the optical lens more suitable for thinner devices such as mobile terminals.
  • the image side surface and the object side surface of the first lens and the second lens are both spherical, thereby reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the first lens and the second lens.
  • the object side and image side of the third, fourth, and fifth lenses are all aspherical, so the object side and image side of the third, fourth, and fifth lenses are designed to have a better Optical lens with good optical effect.
  • the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens
  • f is the effective focal length of the optical lens
  • the optical lens of the present application satisfies the above relationship, that is, while the optical lens can meet the required effective focal length f, the total optical length TTL of the optical lens can be smaller, so that when the optical lens is applied to the terminal, the terminal can achieve better Thinning.
  • the optical lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C is the temperature drift coefficient of the optical lens.
  • the temperature drift coefficient of the optical lens of the present application satisfies the above relationship, that is, the temperature drift coefficient of the optical lens is small, that is, the focus drift of the optical lens under different temperature environments is small, so that the optical lens can have a relatively high temperature in any environment. Good shooting effect.
  • the temperature coefficient of relative refractive index ⁇ x of at least one of the double cemented lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens satisfies the following relationship:
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient of at least one lens of the optical lens of the present application satisfies the above relationship, that is, the lens has a small change in refractive index under different temperature changes, so that the optical lens can perform better shooting in any environment Effect.
  • the focal length f 1 of the double cemented lens and the system focal length of the optical lens f satisfy the following relationship:
  • the above relational expression stipulates the range of the ratio of the focal length of the double glued lens to the optical lens, which represents the light-gathering ability of the double glued lens, which is beneficial to reduce the system's coma and axial chromatic aberration.
  • the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens is less than 3.6 um, and the axial chromatic aberration is less than 12 um.
  • the optical lens further includes a diaphragm, which is located on the object side or the image side of the first lens, which is beneficial to reduce the outer diameter of the optical lens.
  • this application also provides a camera module.
  • the camera module includes a photosensitive element and the optical lens, the photosensitive element is located on the image side of the optical lens, and the light is projected to the photosensitive element after passing through the optical lens.
  • the photosensitive element converts the optical image obtained after passing through the optical lens into an electrical signal, and then performs subsequent steps such as image processing, so that an image with better imaging quality can be obtained.
  • the optical lens of the present application has a small temperature drift, and can have better imaging quality at different temperatures. Therefore, the camera module of the present application can also achieve good imaging quality.
  • this application provides a terminal.
  • the terminal includes an image processor and the camera module, the image processor is in communication connection with the camera module, and the camera module is used to obtain image data and input the image data to the image processing In the device, the image processor is used to process the image data output therein.
  • the image data of the camera module is processed by the image processor to obtain better photographed pictures or images.
  • the optical lens of the present application has a small temperature drift, and can have better imaging quality at different temperatures. Therefore, the terminal of the present application can capture images with good imaging quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the imaging principle of the terminal shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the axial aberration of the optical lens according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the axial aberration of the optical lens according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an optical lens according to a third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the axial aberration of the optical lens according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens according to the third embodiment of the present application.
  • Focal length also known as focal length, is a measure of the concentration or divergence of light in an optical system. It refers to the lens or lens group when a scene at infinity is formed into a clear image at the focal plane through a lens or lens group.
  • the vertical distance from the optical center of the group to the focal plane From a practical point of view, it can be understood as the distance from the center of the lens to the imaging plane. For a fixed focus lens, the position of its optical center is fixed; for a zoom lens, the change of the optical center of the lens brings about a change in the focal length of the lens.
  • Positive power means that the lens has a positive focal length and has the effect of converging light.
  • Negative power means that the lens has a negative focal length and has the effect of diverging light.
  • the total track length (TTL) refers to the total length from the end of the optical lens away from the imaging surface to the imaging surface.
  • the Abbe number is the difference ratio of the refractive index of an optical material at different wavelengths, and represents the degree of dispersion of the material.
  • the optical axis is a line of light that passes through the center of the ideal lens vertically.
  • the ideal convex lens should be a point where all the light rays converge behind the lens. This point where all the light rays converge is the focal point.
  • the object side is bounded by the lens, and the side where the subject is located is the object side.
  • the image side is bounded by the lens, and the side where the image of the subject is located is the image side.
  • the object side, the surface of the lens close to the object side is called the object side.
  • the image side, the surface of the lens close to the image side is called the image side.
  • Axial chromatic aberration also known as longitudinal chromatic aberration or positional chromatic aberration or axial aberration
  • a beam of light parallel to the optical axis will converge at different positions before and after passing through the lens.
  • This aberration is called positional chromatic aberration or axial chromatic aberration. . This is due to the different imaging positions of the lens for the light of each wavelength, so that the focal planes of the images of different colors of light cannot be overlapped in the final imaging, and the polychromatic light is scattered to form dispersion.
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient ( ⁇ x ), defined as (dn/dt) rel , represents the coefficient of temperature change of the refractive index of the material in a medium such as air.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal 1000 according to an embodiment of this application.
  • the terminal 1000 is a mobile phone.
  • the terminal 1000 may be a device with a photographing function in other forms, such as a tablet or a camera.
  • the terminal 1000 includes a camera module 100 and an image processor 200 communicatively connected with the camera module 100.
  • the camera module 100 is used to obtain image data and input the image data into the image processor 200 so that the image processor 200 can process the image data.
  • the communication connection between the camera module 100 and the image processor 200 may include data transmission through electrical connection methods such as wire connection, or through other data transmission methods such as optical cable connection or wireless transmission.
  • the function of the image processor 200 is to optimize the digital image signal through a series of complex mathematical algorithm operations, and finally transmit the processed signal to the display or store it in the memory.
  • the image processor 200 may be an image processing chip or a digital signal processing (digital signal processing, DSP) chip.
  • the camera module 100 is provided on the back of the terminal 1000 and is a rear camera of the terminal 1000. It is understandable that, in some embodiments, the camera module 100 may also be provided on the front of the terminal 1000 to serve as a front camera of the terminal 1000. Both the front camera and the rear camera can be used for self-portraits, and can also be used for the photographer to shoot other objects.
  • there are multiple camera modules 100 and multiple refers to two or more than two.
  • the multiple camera modules 100 can work together to achieve a better shooting effect.
  • there are two rear cameras of the terminal 1000 and the two camera modules 100 are in communication connection with the image processor 200, so that the image of the two camera modules 100 can be realized through the image processor 200.
  • the data is processed to get better pictures or images.
  • the installation position of the camera module 100 of the terminal 1000 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is only illustrative. In some other embodiments, the camera module 100 may also be installed in other positions on the mobile phone. For example, the camera module 100 may be installed on the upper middle or upper right corner of the back of the mobile phone; or, the camera module 100 may not be installed on the main body of the phone, but on a part that is movable or rotatable relative to the phone, for example, the part may be Extend, retract or rotate from the main body of the phone. This application does not make any restrictions on the installation position of the camera module 100.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal according to another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the imaging principle of the terminal shown in FIG. 2.
  • the terminal 1000 further includes an analog-to-digital converter (also referred to as an A/D converter) 300.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 300 is connected between the camera module 100 and the image processor 200.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 300 is used to convert the analog image signal generated by the camera module 100 into a digital image signal and transmit it to the image processor 200, and then the digital image signal is processed by the image processor 200, and finally processed through the display or display.
  • Image or video display is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal according to another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the imaging principle of the terminal shown in FIG. 2.
  • the terminal 1000 further includes an analog-to-digital converter (also referred to as an A/D converter) 300.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 300 is connected between the camera
  • the terminal 1000 further includes a memory 400, which is in communication connection with the image processor 200, and the image processor 200 processes the image digital signal before transmitting the image to the memory 400, so that when the image needs to be viewed later It is possible to find images from the storage and display them on the display screen at any time.
  • the image processor 200 also compresses the processed image digital signal, and then stores it in the memory 400 to save the space of the memory 400.
  • FIG. 3 is only a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application, and the positions and structures of the camera module 100, the image processor 200, the analog-to-digital converter 300, and the memory 400 shown therein are only illustrative.
  • the camera module 100 includes an optical lens 10 and a photosensitive element 20.
  • the photosensitive element 20 is located on the image side of the optical lens 10.
  • the image side of the optical lens 10 refers to the imaging side of the optical lens 10 close to the scene to be imaged.
  • the scene to be imaged passes through the optical lens 10 and then forms an image on the photosensitive element 20.
  • the working principle of the camera module 100 is: the light L reflected by the scene to be imaged generates an optical image through the optical lens 10 and is projected onto the surface of the photosensitive element 20, and the photosensitive element 20 converts the optical image into an electrical signal, that is, an analog image signal S1
  • the converted analog image signal S1 is transmitted to the analog-to-digital converter 300 to be converted into a digital image signal S2 by the analog-to-digital converter 300 to the image processor 200.
  • the light arrow in Figure 3 is only for illustration, and does not represent the actual light angle.
  • the photosensitive element 20 is a semiconductor chip with hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes on its surface. When it is irradiated by light, it generates electric charges, thereby completing the conversion of optical signals into electrical signals.
  • the photosensitive element 20 may be any device capable of converting optical signals into electrical signals.
  • the photosensitive element 20 may be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide conductor device (CMOS).
  • the optical lens 10 affects the imaging quality and imaging effect.
  • the optical lens 10 includes a plurality of lenses arranged from the object side to the image side, which mainly utilizes the refraction principle of the lenses for imaging. Specifically, the light of the object to be imaged is passed through the optical lens 10 to form a clear image on the focal plane, and the image of the scene is recorded by the photosensitive element 20 located on the focal plane. There can be an air gap between the adjacent lenses, or they can be arranged close to each other. The main functions of each lens are different, and the best imaging quality can be obtained through the cooperation between different lenses.
  • the optical lens 10 further includes a diaphragm, and the diaphragm may be arranged on the object side of the plurality of lenses, or between the lenses near the object side of the plurality of lenses.
  • the diaphragm may be located between the first lens and the second lens near the object side, or between the second lens and the third lens near the object side among the plurality of lenses.
  • the diaphragm can be an aperture diaphragm, and the aperture diaphragm is used to limit the amount of light entering to change the brightness of the image.
  • the optical lens 10 further includes an infrared filter 30, and the infrared filter 30 is located between the photosensitive element 20 and the lens of the optical lens 10.
  • the light refracted by each lens of the optical lens 10 irradiates the infrared filter 30 and is transmitted to the photosensitive element 20 through the infrared filter 30.
  • the infrared filter 30 can filter out unnecessary light projected on the photosensitive element 20, prevent the photosensitive element 20 from generating false colors or ripples, so as to improve its effective resolution and color reproduction.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module 100 according to some embodiments of the application.
  • the optical lens 10 further includes a lens barrel 10a.
  • the multiple lenses of the optical lens 10 are fixed in the lens barrel 10a, and the multiple lenses fixed in the lens barrel 10a are coaxially arranged.
  • multiple lenses are fixed in the lens barrel 10a, the distance between the lenses is fixed, and the optical lens 10 is a lens with a fixed focal length.
  • the multiple lenses of the optical lens 10 can be relatively moved within the lens barrel 10a to change the distance between the multiple lenses, so that the focal length of the optical lens 10 can be changed, and the optical lens 10 can be focusing.
  • the infrared filter 30 may be fixed to the end of the lens barrel 10a of the optical lens 10 facing the image side.
  • the camera module 100 further includes a holder 50, a circuit board 60 and other structures.
  • the fixed base 50 includes a receiving cavity.
  • the optical lens 10 is received in the receiving cavity of the fixed base 50 and fixed to the cavity wall of the receiving cavity.
  • the optical lens 10 is fixed relative to the fixed base 50 and cannot move relative to the fixed base 50.
  • the circuit board 60 is fixed on the side of the fixed base 50 away from the optical lens 10.
  • the circuit board 60 is used to transmit electrical signals.
  • the circuit board 60 may be a flexible printed circuit (FPC) or a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB), where the FPC may be a single-sided flexible board, a double-sided flexible board, a multilayer flexible board, or a rigid flexible board Or mixed-structure flexible circuit boards, etc.
  • the other components included in the camera module 100 will not be described in detail here.
  • the infrared filter 30 can be fixed to the cavity wall of the fixed base 50 and located between the optical lens 10 and the circuit board 60; or, it can also be supported and fixed above the circuit board 60 by a bracket.
  • the photosensitive element 20 is fixed on the circuit board 60 by bonding or bonding.
  • the photosensitive element 20 is located on the image side of the optical lens 10 and is disposed opposite to the optical lens 10, and the optical image generated by the optical lens 10 can be projected to the photosensitive element 20.
  • the analog-to-digital converter 300, the image processor 200, the memory 400, etc. are also integrated on the circuit board 60 by bonding or patching, so that the photosensitive element 20 and the analog-to-digital converter 300 are realized through the circuit board 60. , The communication connection between the image processor 200, the memory 400, etc.
  • the lens barrel 10 a of the optical lens 10 and the fixed base 50 can move relative to the fixed base 50 to change the distance between the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive element 20.
  • the lens barrel 10a is moved relative to the fixed base 50 to adjust the distance between the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive element 20 accordingly, thereby ensuring the imaging quality of the camera module 100.
  • the fixed base 50 includes the cavity wall of the receiving cavity provided with internal threads, the outer wall of the lens barrel 10 a is provided with external threads, and the lens barrel 10 a and the fixed base 50 are threadedly connected.
  • the lens barrel 10 a is driven to rotate by the driving member, so that the lens barrel 10 a moves in an axial direction relative to the fixed base 50, so that the lens of the optical lens 10 is close to or away from the photosensitive element 20. It is understandable that the lens barrel 10a can also be connected to the fixed base 50 in other ways, and can move relative to the fixed base 50. For example, the lens barrel 10a and the fixed base 50 are connected by a sliding rail.
  • the multiple lenses of the optical lens 10 of the present application include a first lens 11, a second lens 12, a third lens 13, a fourth lens 14, and a fifth lens 15.
  • Each lens is arranged coaxially, and each lens Including the object side facing the object side and the image side facing the image side.
  • the multiple lenses of the present application are all lenses with positive refractive power or negative tortuosity.
  • the plane lens is not counted as a lens of the optical lens of the present application.
  • the flat lens cannot be counted as the fifth lens in the embodiment of the present application.
  • each lens of the optical lens 10 may be made of plastic material, glass material or other composite materials.
  • the first lens 11 or the second lens 12 adopts a glass lens
  • the other lenses adopt a glass lens or a plastic lens. Since the temperature coefficient of the relative refractive index of the glass lens is relatively low, that is, the refractive index of the glass lens changes less with temperature. Therefore, the optical lens of the present application has a temperature drift coefficient compared with an optical lens using all plastic lenses. Will be greatly reduced.
  • the relationship between the refractive index of glass lenses and the temperature is satisfied: dn/dT>0; the relationship between the refractive index of plastic lenses and the temperature is satisfied: dn/dT ⁇ 0, when the temperature changes, the glass lens and the plastic There will be compensation between the lenses, thereby reducing the temperature drift of the optical lens.
  • the refractive index of the lens glass material satisfying n 1: 1.50 ⁇ n 1 ⁇ 1.90, a refractive index plastic lens range (1.55-1.65) for the relative refractive index larger Alternatively, and more easily obtained than Thin but high-performance glass lens.
  • the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 of the optical lens 10 are made of glass, so as to obtain the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 that are thinner and have strong aberration correction capabilities. Since the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are made of glass, the temperature drift of the optical lens 10 can be reduced, and the temperature drift of other lenses can be compensated by the first lens 11 and the second lens 12, thereby further reducing Temperature drift of the small optical lens 10.
  • the temperature drift coefficient ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C of the optical lens 10 is relatively small, and satisfies the relationship: -2.2 ⁇ m/°C ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C ⁇ 1.4 ⁇ m/°C.
  • the first lens 11 is made of glass material. , You can use glass lens as little as possible to get the best shooting effect.
  • the refractive index of the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are different, that is, the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are made of different types of glass materials.
  • the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are bonded to form a double cemented lens, that is, the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 are bonded by optical glue.
  • the double cemented lens has a simple structure, and since the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are attached, the light energy loss is small when the light is transmitted through the first lens 11 to the second lens 12.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power
  • the second lens 12 has a negative refractive power.
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient ⁇ x of at least one of the double cemented lens, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 satisfies the relationship: -9 ⁇ 10 -5 ⁇ ⁇ x ⁇ 9 ⁇ 10 -5 .
  • the optical lens 10 is composed of a plurality of different lenses, and different lens combinations (for example, the order of the lenses along the optical path, lens material, refractive index, shape curvature, etc.) bring about different optical performances.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power. Both the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens 11 are convex at the paraxial position.
  • the second lens 12 has negative refractive power. Both the object side surface and the image side surface of the second lens 12 are concave at the paraxial position.
  • the convex or concave surface at the paraxial position refers to whether it is convex or concave at an infinitely close position to the axis of the lens.
  • near axis refers to a position that is wirelessly close to the axis.
  • shape of the lens and the degree of unevenness on the object side and the image side are only illustrative, and do not impose any limitation on the embodiment of this application. The embodiment of this application does not deal with the unevenness of the object side and the part of the image side away from the optical axis. Any restrictions.
  • the double cemented lens formed by bonding the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 has a positive refractive power.
  • the double glued lens can improve the ability of the optical lens 10 to condense light from the outside, so as to increase the amount of light entering from the outside and reduce the optical lens 10
  • the total optical length is TTL, so that the optical lens 10 can be more suitable for thin devices such as mobile terminals.
  • the total optical length of the optical lens 10 and the effective focal length f of the optical lens 10 satisfy the relationship: 0.75 ⁇ TTL/f ⁇ 1.0. That is, while the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can meet the required effective focal length f, the total optical length TTL of the optical lens 10 can be smaller, so that when the optical lens 10 is applied to a terminal, the terminal can achieve better thinning .
  • the focal length f 1 of the double cemented lens and the system focal length of the optical lens f satisfy the relationship: 0 ⁇ f 1 /f ⁇ 1.5.
  • This relational expression specifies the range of the ratio of the focal length of the double glued lens to the optical lens 10, which represents the light-gathering ability of the double glued lens, which is beneficial to reduce the system's coma and axial chromatic aberration.
  • the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 can be less than 3.6 um, and the axial chromatic aberration can be less than 12 um.
  • the third lens 13 has a positive refractive power, which can further improve the light convergence ability of the optical lens 10 and reduce the coma and axial chromatic aberration of the optical system.
  • the fourth lens 14 has a negative refractive power, and can expand the light beam with a lens with negative refractive power to increase the image height of the image.
  • the optical power can be matched with other lenses, thereby eliminating aberrations of the optical lens 10, etc., so as to obtain better optical effects.
  • the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are both spherical, thereby reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the first lens 11 and the second lens 12.
  • the object side and image side of the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are all aspherical, so that the parameters of the object side and the image side of the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 are passed. Designed to obtain an optical lens 10 with better optical effects.
  • the aspheric surface of each lens satisfies the formula: Among them, z is the relative distance between a point on the aspheric surface that is r from the optical axis and the tangent plane tangent to the intersection on the aspheric optical axis, r is the vertical distance between a point on the aspheric curve and the optical axis, and c is the vertex of the aspheric surface.
  • Curvature K is the quadric constant, a i is the i-th aspheric coefficient, and ⁇ is the normalized axial coordinate.
  • lenses with different aspheric surfaces can be obtained, so that different lenses can achieve different optical effects, so that good shooting effects can be achieved through the cooperation of different aspheric lenses.
  • the optical lens 10 can meet the requirements of achieving a small temperature drift while also achieving a higher temperature drift. Imaging performance.
  • FIGS. 5 to 13 some specific but not restrictive examples of the implementation of the present application will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 5 to 13.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical lens 10 according to the first embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 10 has five lenses, namely the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, and the first lens 11 and the second lens 12.
  • the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, and each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 are bonded together to form a double cemented lens.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side
  • the paraxial is concave.
  • the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 are spherical surfaces with the same curvature to ensure that the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 can be closely attached.
  • the third lens 13 has positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is concave on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is concave on the near axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the fifth lens 15 has a positive refractive power, its object side surface is concave on the paraxial axis, and its image side surface is convex on the paraxial axis.
  • the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are made of glass, and the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are all plastic.
  • the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are spherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface of the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • Face number illustrate Surface type Radius of curvature thickness Material Refractive index Dispersion coefficient S1 First lens Standard surface 4.061 1.050 grass 1.589 61.163 S2 Standard surface -34.108 - S3 Second lens Standard surface -34.108 0.500 grass 1.717 29.510 S4 Standard surface 8.096 0.819 S5 Third lens Aspherical 3.202 1.531 plastic 1.545 55.987 S6 Aspherical 5.731 0.825 S7 Fourth lens Aspherical -24.681 0.500 plastic 1.545 55.987 S8 Aspherical 4.001 2.056 S9 Fifth lens Aspherical -7.080 2.030 plastic 1.545 55.987 S10 Aspherical -6.906 0.300 S11 Infrared filter flat unlimited 0.210 - S12 flat unlimited 2.841
  • S1 represents the object side of the first lens 11
  • S2 represents the image side of the first lens 11
  • S3 represents the object side of the second lens 12
  • S4 represents the image side of the second lens 12
  • S5 represents the object of the third lens 13.
  • S6 represents the image side of the third lens 13
  • S7 represents the object side of the fourth lens 14
  • S8 represents the image side of the fourth lens 14
  • S9 represents the object side of the fifth lens
  • S10 represents the image of the fifth lens 15.
  • S11 represents the object side surface of the optical filter 30, and S12 represents the image side surface of the optical filter 30.
  • Table 2 shows the aspheric coefficients of each lens (ie, the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15) of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment.
  • K is a quadric constant
  • symbols such as A4 and A6 represent polynomial coefficients. It should be noted that the parameters in the table are expressed in scientific notation. For example, -3.61E-11 means -3.61 ⁇ 10 -11 ; 3.80E-04 means 3.80 ⁇ 10 -4 .
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 can be designed.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 can be designed.
  • the optical lens 10 of this embodiment is obtained according to the design parameters of each lens mentioned above.
  • the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment are shown in Table 3.
  • TTL is the total optical length of the optical lens 10
  • ImgH is the imaging image height of the optical lens 10
  • f is the effective focal length of the optical lens 10
  • f1 is the focal length of the first lens 11
  • f2 is the focal length of the second lens 12
  • f3 is The focal length of the third lens 13 is
  • f4 is the focal length of the fourth lens 14
  • f5 is the focal length of the fifth lens 15.
  • the total optical length TTL of the optical lens 10 and the effective focal length of the optical lens 10 are that f satisfies the condition: TTL/f ⁇ 0.88, so that while the effective focal length of the optical lens 10 can be ensured, a smaller TTL is achieved, which makes this
  • the optical lens 10 of the embodiment can be better applied to thinner terminals.
  • the temperature drift of the optical lens 10 can be reduced.
  • the change in focal length f is ⁇ f
  • the temperature drift coefficient ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C satisfies the condition: -2.2um/°C ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C ⁇ 1.4um/°C, That is to say, the temperature drift coefficient ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C in this embodiment is small, which can reduce the temperature drift of the optical lens 10, so that the focus drift of the optical lens 10 at different temperatures is small, so as to obtain a better shooting effect.
  • the temperature drift coefficient of the optical lens 10 can be further reduced by using a low refractive index temperature coefficient material and a reasonable distribution of optical power.
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient ⁇ 1 of the first lens 11 satisfies: -9 ⁇ 10-5 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 9 ⁇ 10-5
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient ⁇ 2 of the second lens 12 satisfies: -9 ⁇ 10-5 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 9 ⁇ 10-5
  • the dispersion coefficient (Abbe number) V1 of the first lens 11 is 61.163, which satisfies 15 ⁇ V1 ⁇ 100
  • the dispersion coefficient (Abbe number) V2 of the second lens is 29.510, which satisfies 15 ⁇ V2 ⁇ 100.
  • the chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 can be corrected through reasonable power distribution and dispersion coefficient selection.
  • the vertical axis chromatic aberration is less than 3.6 um, and the axial chromatic aberration is less than 12 um.
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows the axial chromatic aberration of light with wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of Example 1.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 6 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, in millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 6 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 of the first embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 7 represents the actual image height, and the abscissa represents the chromatic aberration in the vertical axis direction, in millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 7 that in this embodiment, the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 is also controlled within a small range, that is, the optical lens 10 has a better imaging effect.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens 10 according to a second embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 10 has five lenses, namely the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, and the first lens 11 and the second lens 12.
  • the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, and each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 are bonded together to form a double cemented lens.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side
  • the paraxial is concave.
  • the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 are spherical surfaces with the same curvature to ensure that the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 can be closely attached.
  • the third lens 13 has positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is concave on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is concave on the near axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the fifth lens 15 has a positive refractive power, its object side surface is concave on the paraxial axis, and its image side surface is convex on the paraxial axis.
  • the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are made of glass, and the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are all plastic.
  • the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are spherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface of the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • Face number illustrate Surface type Radius of curvature thickness Material Refractive index Dispersion coefficient S1 First lens Standard surface 3.982 1.059 grass 1.589 61.163 S2 To Standard surface -36.436 - To To To To To
  • Table 5 shows the aspheric coefficients of each lens of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment (ie, the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15).
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 can be designed.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 can be designed.
  • the optical lens 10 of this embodiment is obtained according to the design parameters of each lens mentioned above.
  • the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment are shown in Table 6.
  • the total optical length TTL of the optical lens 10 and the effective focal length of the optical lens 10 are that f satisfies the condition: 0.87 ⁇ TTL/f ⁇ 0.88, so that a smaller TTL can be achieved when the effective focal length of the optical lens 10 is ensured. Therefore, the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be better applied to thinner terminals.
  • the temperature drift of the optical lens 10 can be reduced.
  • the change in focal length f is ⁇ f
  • the temperature drift coefficient ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C satisfies the condition: -2.2um/°C ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C ⁇ 1.4um/°C, That is to say, the temperature drift coefficient ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C in this embodiment is small, which can reduce the temperature drift of the optical lens 10, so that the focus drift of the optical lens 10 at different temperatures is small, so as to obtain a better shooting effect.
  • the temperature drift coefficient of the optical lens 10 can be further reduced by using a low refractive index temperature coefficient material and a reasonable distribution of optical power.
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient ⁇ 1 of the first lens 11 satisfies: -9 ⁇ 10-5 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 9 ⁇ 10-5
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient ⁇ 2 of the second lens 12 satisfies: -9 ⁇ 10-5 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 9 ⁇ 10-5
  • the dispersion coefficient (Abbe number) V1 of the first lens 11 is 61.163, which satisfies 15 ⁇ V1 ⁇ 100
  • the dispersion coefficient (Abbe number) V2 of the second lens is 29.510, which satisfies 15 ⁇ V2 ⁇ 100.
  • the chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 can be corrected through reasonable power distribution and dispersion coefficient selection.
  • the vertical axis chromatic aberration is less than 3.6 um, and the axial chromatic aberration is less than 12 um.
  • FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 shows the axial chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of Example 2.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 9 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit is millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 9 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • FIG. 9 shows the axial chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of Example 2.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 9 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 of the second embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 10 represents the actual image height, and the abscissa represents the chromatic aberration in the vertical axis direction, in millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 10 that, in this embodiment, the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 is also controlled within a small range, that is, the optical lens 10 has a better imaging effect.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens 10 according to a third embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 10 has five lenses, namely the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15, and the first lens 11 and the second lens 12.
  • the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, and each lens is arranged coaxially.
  • the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 are bonded together to form a double cemented lens.
  • the first lens 11 has a positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial;
  • the second lens 12 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side
  • the paraxial is concave.
  • the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 are spherical surfaces with the same curvature to ensure that the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the object side surface of the second lens 12 can be closely attached.
  • the third lens 13 has positive refractive power, its object side is convex on the paraxial axis, and its image side is concave on the paraxial;
  • the fourth lens 14 has negative refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial, and its image side is concave on the near axis.
  • the axis is concave;
  • the fifth lens 15 has a positive refractive power, its object side is concave on the paraxial axis, and its image side is convex on the paraxial axis.
  • the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are made of glass, and the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, and the fifth lens 15 are all plastic.
  • the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens 11 and the second lens 12 are spherical surfaces, and the object side surface and the image side surface of the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 are all aspherical surfaces.
  • Table 8 shows the aspheric coefficients of each lens of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment (ie, the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14, the fifth lens 15).
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 can be designed.
  • the first lens 11, the second lens 12, the third lens 13, the fourth lens 14 and the fifth lens 15 can be designed.
  • the optical lens 10 of this embodiment is obtained according to the design parameters of each lens mentioned above.
  • the basic parameters of the optical lens 10 of this embodiment are shown in Table 9.
  • the total optical length TTL of the optical lens 10 and the effective focal length of the optical lens 10 are that f satisfies the condition: 0.87 ⁇ TTL/f ⁇ 0.88, so that a smaller TTL can be achieved when the effective focal length of the optical lens 10 is ensured. Therefore, the optical lens 10 of this embodiment can be better applied to thinner terminals.
  • the temperature drift of the optical lens 10 can be reduced.
  • the change in focal length f is ⁇ f
  • the temperature drift coefficient ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C satisfies the condition: -2.2um/°C ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C ⁇ 1.4um/°C, That is to say, the temperature drift coefficient ⁇ f/ ⁇ °C in this embodiment is small, which can reduce the temperature drift of the optical lens 10, so that the focus drift of the optical lens 10 at different temperatures is small, so as to obtain a better shooting effect.
  • the temperature drift coefficient of the optical lens 10 can be further reduced by using a low refractive index temperature coefficient material and a reasonable distribution of optical power.
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient ⁇ 1 of the first lens 11 satisfies: -9 ⁇ 10-5 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 9 ⁇ 10-5
  • the relative refractive index temperature coefficient ⁇ 2 of the second lens 12 satisfies: -9 ⁇ 10-5 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 9 ⁇ 10-5
  • the dispersion coefficient (Abbe number) V1 of the first lens 11 is 61.163, which satisfies 15 ⁇ V1 ⁇ 100
  • the dispersion coefficient (Abbe number) V2 of the second lens is 29.510, which satisfies 15 ⁇ V2 ⁇ 100.
  • the chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 can be corrected through reasonable power distribution and dispersion coefficient selection.
  • the vertical axis chromatic aberration is less than 3.6 um, and the axial chromatic aberration is less than 12 um.
  • FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are characterization diagrams of the optical performance of the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 shows the axial chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of Example 3.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 12 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit is millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 12 that in this embodiment, the axial aberration is controlled within a small range.
  • FIG. 12 shows the axial chromatic aberration of light having wavelengths of 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm after passing through the optical lens 10 of Example 3.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 12 represents the normalized pupil coordinates, and the abscissa represents the aberration in the axial direction, and the unit
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 of the third embodiment.
  • the ordinate in FIG. 13 represents the actual image height, and the abscissa represents the chromatic aberration in the vertical axis direction, in millimeters. It can be seen from FIG. 13 that in this embodiment, the vertical axis chromatic aberration of the optical lens 10 is also controlled within a small range, that is, the optical lens 10 has a better imaging effect.

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Abstract

一种光学镜头(10)、摄像头模组(100)和终端(1000)。光学镜头(10)自物侧至像侧依次包括第一镜片(11)，第二镜片(12)，第三镜片(13)，第四镜片(14)，第五镜片(15)。其中，第一镜片(11)及第二镜片(12)至少一片镜片为玻璃镜片，其它的镜片采用玻璃镜片或者塑料镜片。通过玻璃镜片与塑料镜片的配合使用，减小光学镜头(10)的温漂系数。并且，第一镜片(11)与第二镜片(12)粘合形成双胶合镜片，通过双胶合镜片校正光学镜头(10)的球差、彗差、色差，以使光学镜头(10)能够得到更好的拍摄效果。

Description

光学镜头、摄像头模组和终端
本申请要求于2020年3月13日提交中国专利局，申请号为202010181041.0、申请名称为“光学镜头、摄像头模组和终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施方式涉及镜头领域，具体涉及一种光学镜头、摄像头模组和终端。
背景技术
光学镜头的温漂是指光学镜头在高温环境下或者低温环境下产生焦点漂移。镜头产生温漂会极大的影响光学镜头的成像效果。尤其是对于长焦镜头来说，镜头焦距越长，越容易产生温漂。现有技术中，一般采用音圈马达(voice coil motor，VCM)补偿或者算法补偿的方式来减小光学镜头的温漂。但是，利用音圈马达补偿光学镜头的温漂，会增加音圈马达的功耗及设计难度等，且容易进入音圈马达的非线性区。而采用算法补偿光学镜头的温漂的温漂，需要增加系统程序(in system programing，ISP)的算力，同时需要硬件系统的温漂稳定，要求较高，且算法补偿效果有限。如何通过简单的反式减小光学镜头的温漂是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施方式提供一种光学镜头、包括所述光学镜头的摄像头模组、以及包括所述摄像头模组的终端，旨在通过简单的方式实现减小光学镜头的温漂，实现良好的成像效果。
第一方面，提供了一种光学镜头。该光学镜头包括多片镜片，多片所述镜片中包括自物侧至像侧排列的第一镜片、第二镜片、第三镜片、第四镜片及第五镜片，所述第一镜片与所述第二镜片胶合以形成双胶合镜片，多片所述镜片的材质为玻璃或者塑料，所述第一镜片及所述第二镜片中至少一片的材质为玻璃。
本申请中，第一镜片或者第二镜片采用玻璃镜片，其它的镜片采用玻璃镜片或者塑料镜片。由于玻璃镜片的相对折射率温度系数较低，即玻璃镜片的折射率随着温度变化的程度较小，因此，本申请的光学镜头相较于全部采用塑料镜片的光学镜头来说，温漂系数会大大减小。并且，一般来说，玻璃镜片的折射率随温度变化关系满足：dn/dT>0；塑料镜片的折射率随温度变化关系满足：dn/dT＜0，当温度发生变化时，玻璃镜片与塑料镜片之间会产生补偿，从而减小光学镜头的温漂。进一步的，本申请中，还将第一镜片与第二镜片粘合形成双胶合镜片，结构简单，光能损失小，并能够通过双胶合镜片校正光学镜头的球差、彗差、色差，以得到更好的拍摄效果。
一些实施方式中，所述双胶合镜片具有正光焦度，所述第三镜片具有正光焦度，所述第四镜片具有负光焦度。本实施方式中，通过各镜片之间光焦度的配合，能够降低光学镜头的像差，以实现较好的拍摄效果。并且，双胶合镜片具有正光焦度，能够通过双胶合镜片能够提升光学镜头会聚外界的光线的能力，以增加外界的进光量，并能够缩小光学镜头 的光学总长TTL，以使得光学镜头能够更加适用于移动终端等薄型化设备中。
一些实施方式中，所述第一镜片与所述第二镜片的色散系数不同。通过不同色散系数的第一镜片及第二镜片对光路进行调节，能够减小光学镜头的色散，从而得到更好的成像效果。
一些实施方式中，所述第一镜片的光焦度为正，所述第二镜片的光焦度为负，所述第一镜片的像侧面及所述第二镜片的物侧面贴合，从而得到所需的双胶合镜片。
一些实施方式中，所述第一镜片的物侧面为凸面，能够通过双胶合镜片能够提升光学镜头会聚外界的光线的能力，以增加外界的进光量，并能够缩小光学镜头的光学总长TTL，以使得光学镜头能够更加适用于移动终端等薄型化设备中。
一些实施方式中，所述第一镜片与所述第二镜片的像侧面及物侧面均为球面，从而降低第一镜片及第二镜片的制作难度。第三镜片、第四镜片及第五镜片的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面，从而通过对第三镜片、第四镜片及第五镜片的物侧面及像侧面的参数设计，以得到具有较好的光学效果的光学镜头。
一些实施方式中，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
0.75≤TTL/f≤1.0；
其中，TTL为所述光学镜头的光学总长，f为所述光学镜头的有效焦距。
本申请的光学镜头满足上述关系式，即光学镜头能够满足所需的有效焦距f的同时，光学镜头的光学总长TTL可以较小，使得将光学镜头应用于终端中时，终端能够实现更好的薄型化。
一些实施方式中，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
-2.2μm/℃≤△f/△℃≤1.4μm/℃；
其中，△f/△℃为所述光学镜头的温漂系数。
本申请的光学镜头的温漂系数满足上述关系式，即光学镜头的温漂系数较小，即光学镜头在不同的温度环境下的焦点漂移较小，使得光学透镜在任意环境下均能够有较好的拍摄效果。
一些实施方式中，所述双胶合镜片、第三镜片、第四镜片及第五镜片中至少一个镜片的相对折射率温度系数β x满足下列关系式：
-9×10 -5≤β x≤9×10 -5。
本申请的光学镜头的至少一个镜片的相对折射率温度系数满足上述关系式，即镜片在不同的温度变化下，其折射率变化较小，使得光学透镜在任意环境下均能够有较好的拍摄效果。
一些实施方式中，所述双胶合镜片的焦距f 1与所述光学镜头的系统焦距为f满足下列关系式：
0≤f 1/f≤1.5。
上述关系式规定了双胶合镜片与光学镜头的焦距之比的范围，表示双胶合镜片的聚光能力，有利于降低系统慧差及轴向色差。
一些实施方式中，光学镜头的垂轴色差小于3.6um，轴向色差小于12um。
一些实施方式中，所述光学镜头还包括光阑，所述光阑位于所述第一镜片的物侧或者 像侧，利于减小光学镜头的外径。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种摄像头模组。所述摄像头模组包括感光元件和所述光学镜头，所述感光元件位于所述光学镜头的像侧，光线经所述光学镜头后投射至所述感光元件。
通过感光元件将经过光学镜头后得到的光学图像转为电信号，再进行图像处理等后续步骤，从而能够得到成像质量较好的像。并且，本申请的光学镜头具有较小的温漂，在不同的温度下均能够有较好的成像质量。因此，本申请的摄像头模组也能够实现良好的成像质量。
第三方面，本申请提供一种终端。所述终端包括图像处理器和所述摄像头模组，所述图像处理器与所述摄像头模组通信连接，所述摄像头模组用于获取图像数据并将所述图像数据输入到所述图像处理器中，所述图像处理器用于对输出其中的所述图像数据进行处理。
本申请中，通过图像处理器实现对摄像头模组的图像数据进行处理，以得到更好的拍摄图片或影像。并且，本申请的光学镜头具有较小的温漂，在不同的温度下均能够有较好的成像质量。因此，本申请的终端能够拍摄得到具有良好的成像质量的图像。
附图说明
图1是本申请一种实施方式的终端的结构示意图。
图2是本申请另一种实施方式的终端的结构示意图。
图3是图2所示终端的成像原理示意图。
图4是本申请一些实施方式的摄像头模组的结构示意图。
图5是本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图6是本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头的轴向像差示意图。
图7是本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头的垂轴色差示意图。
图8是本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图9是本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头的轴向像差示意图。
图10是本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头的垂轴色差示意图。
图11是本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头的部分结构示意图。
图12是本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头的轴向像差示意图。
图13是本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头的垂轴色差示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施方式中的技术方案进行描述。
为方便理解，下面先对本申请所涉及的技术术语进行解释和描述。
焦距(focal length，f)，也称为焦长，是光学系统中衡量光的聚集或发散的度量方式，指无限远的景物通过镜片或镜片组在焦平面结成清晰影像时，镜片或镜片组的光学中心至焦平面的垂直距离。从实用的角度可以理解为镜头中心至成像平面的距离。对于定焦镜头来说，其光学中心的位置是固定不变的；对于变焦镜头来说，镜头的光学中心的变化带来镜头焦距的变化。
正光焦度，表示镜片有正的焦距、有会聚光线的效果。
负光焦度，表示镜片有负的焦距、有发散光线的效果。
光学总长(total track length，TTL)，指从光学镜头远离成像面的一端至成像面的总长度。
阿贝数，即色散系数，是光学材料在不同波长下的折射率的差值比，代表材料色散程度大小。
光轴，是一条垂直穿过理想镜片中心的光线。与光轴平行的光线射入凸镜片时，理想的凸镜应是所有的光线会聚在镜片后的一点，这个会聚所有光线的一点，即为焦点。
物侧，以镜片为界，被摄物体所在的一侧为物侧。
像侧，以镜片为界，被摄物体的图像所在的一侧为像侧。
物侧面，镜片靠近物侧的表面称为物侧面。
像侧面，镜片靠近像侧的表面称为像侧面。
轴向色差，也称为纵向色差或位置色差或轴向像差，一束平行于光轴的光线，在经过镜头后会聚于前后不同的位置，这种像差称为位置色差或轴向色差。这是由于镜头对各个波长的光所成像的位置不同，使得最后成像时不同色的光的像其焦平面不能重合，复色光散开形成色散。
相对折射率温度系数(β x)，定义为(dn/dt) rel，表示材料在空气等介质中的折射率随温度变化系数。
本申请提供一种终端，终端可以为手机、平板、电脑、摄像机、照相机或其他形态的具有拍照或摄像功能的设备。请参阅图1，图1所示为本申请一种实施方式的终端1000的结构示意图。本实施方式中，终端1000为手机。其它实施方式中，终端1000可以为平板、照相机等其它形态的具有拍摄功能的设备。
终端1000包括摄像头模组100以及与摄像头模组100通信连接的图像处理器200。摄像头模组100用于获取图像数据并将图像数据输入到图像处理器200中，以便图像处理器200对图像数据进行处理。其中，摄像头模组100与图像处理器200的通信连接可以包括通过走线连接等电连接方式进行数据传输，也可以通过光缆连接或无线传输等其它能够实现数据传输的方式实现通信连接。
图像处理器200的功能是通过一系列复杂的数学算法运算，对数字图像信号进行优化处理，最后把处理后的信号传到显示器上或存储至存储器中。图像处理器200可以是图像处理芯片或数字信号处理(digital signal processing，DSP)芯片。
图1所示实施方式中，摄像头模组100设于终端1000的背面，为终端1000的后置摄像头。可以理解的是，一些实施方式中，摄像头模组100还可设于终端1000的正面，作为终端1000的前置摄像头。前置摄像头及后置摄像头均可以用于自拍，也可以用于拍摄者拍摄其他对象。
一些实施方式中，摄像头模组100有多个，多个是指为两个或者两个以上。多个摄像头模组100能够进行配合工作，从而实现较佳的拍摄效果。图2所示实施方式中，终端1000的后置摄像头有两个，两个摄像头模组100均与图像处理器200进行通信连接，以通过图像处理器200实现对两个摄像头模组100的图像数据进行处理，以得到更好的拍摄图片或 影像。
应理解，图1所示实施方式的终端1000的摄像头模组100的安装位置仅仅是示意性的，在一些其他的实施方式中，摄像头模组100也可以安装于手机上的其他位置。例如，摄像头模组100可以安装于手机背面的上部中间或右上角；或者，摄像头模组100还可以不设置在手机主体上，而设置在相对手机可移动或转动的部件上，例如该部件可以从手机主体上外伸、收回或旋转等。本申请对摄像头模组100的安装位置不做任何限定。
请参阅图2及图3，图2是本申请另一种实施方式的终端的结构示意图，图3为图2所示终端的成像原理示意图。一些实施方式中，终端1000还包括模数转换器(也可称为A/D转换器)300。模数转换器300连接于摄像头模组100与图像处理器200之间。模数转换器300用于将摄像头模组100产生的模拟图像信号转换为数字图像信号并传输至图像处理器200，再通过图像处理器200对数字图像信号进行处理，最终通过显示屏或者显示器进行图像或者影像显示。
一些实施方式中，终端1000还包括存储器400，存储器400与图像处理器200通信连接，图像处理器200对图像数字信号加工处理以后再将图像传输至存储器400中，以便于在后续需要查看图像时能够随时从存储中查找图像并在显示屏上进行显示。一些实施方式中，图像处理器200还会对处理后的图像数字信号进行压缩，再存储至存储器400中，以节约存储器400空间。需要说明的是，图3仅为本申请实施方式的结构示意图，其中所示的摄像头模组100、图像处理器200、模数转换器300、存储器400的位置结构等均仅为示意。
请参阅图3，摄像头模组100包括光学镜头10以及感光元件20。感光元件20位于光学镜头10的像侧。其中，光学镜头10的像侧是指光学镜头10靠近待成像景物的成像的一侧。当摄像头模组100进行工作时，待成像景物通过光学镜头10后在感光元件20上成像。具体的，摄像头模组100的工作原理为：待成像景物反射的光线L通过光学镜头10生成光学图像并投射到感光元件20的表面，感光元件20将光学图像转为电信号即模拟图像信号S1并将转换得到的模拟图像信号S1传输至模数转换器300，以通过模数转换器300转换为数字图像信号S2给图像处理器200。图3中光线箭头仅为示意，不代表实际光线角度。
感光元件20是一种半导体芯片，表面包含有几十万到几百万的光电二极管，受到光照射时，会产生电荷，从而完成将光学信号转化为电信号。可选的，感光元件20可以为任意能够将光学信号转化为电信号的器件。例如，感光元件20可以是电荷耦合元件(charge coupled device，CCD)，也可以是互补金属氧化物导体器件(complementary metal-oxide semiconductor，CMOS)。
光学镜头10影响成像质量和成像效果。光学镜头10包括从物侧至像侧排列的多片镜片，其主要利用镜片的折射原理进行成像。具体的，待成像物体的光线通过光学镜头10在焦平面上形成清晰的影像，并通过位于焦平面上的感光元件20记录景物的影像。相邻的镜片之间可以具有空气间隔，也可以紧贴设置。各片镜片起到的主要作用不同，通过不同镜片之间的配合以得到最佳的成像质量。
一些实施方式中，光学镜头10还包括光阑，光阑可以设置于多片镜片的物侧，或者位于多片镜片中靠近物侧的镜片之间。例如，光阑可以位于靠近物侧的第一片镜片与第二片 镜片之间，或者位于多片镜片中靠近物侧的第二片镜片与第三片镜片之间。光阑可以为孔径光阑，孔径光阑用于限制进光量，以改变成像的亮度。
一些实施方式中，光学镜头10还包括红外滤光片30，红外滤光片30位于感光元件20与光学镜头10的镜片之间。经光学镜头10的各镜片折射后的光线照射至红外滤光片30上，并经红外滤光片30传输至感光元件20。红外滤光片30可以滤掉投射至感光元件20上的不必要的光线，防止感光元件20产生伪色或波纹，以提高其有效分辨率和彩色还原性。
请参阅图4，图4所示为本申请一些实施方式的摄像头模组100的结构示意图。一些实施方式中，光学镜头10还包括镜筒10a，光学镜头10的多片镜片固定于镜筒10a内，且固定于镜筒10a内的多片镜片同轴设置。本申请实施方式中，多片镜片固定于镜筒10a内，各镜片之间的距离固定，光学镜头10为固定焦距的镜头。本申请的其它一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的多片镜片能够在镜筒10a内进行相对移动，以改变多片镜片之间的距离，从而能够改变光学镜头10的焦距，实现光学镜头10的调焦。红外滤光片30可以固定于光学镜头10的镜筒10a朝向像侧的一端。
摄像头模组100还包括固定基座(holder)50、线路板60等结构。
固定基座50包括收容腔，光学镜头10收容于固定基座50的收容腔，并与收容腔的腔壁固定，光学镜头10相对于固定基座50固定，不能相对固定基座50移动。线路板60固定于固定基座50背离光学镜头10的一侧。线路板60用于传输电信号。线路板60可以是柔性电路板(flexible printed circuit，FPC)或印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)，其中，FPC可以是单面柔性板、双面柔性板、多层柔性板、刚柔性板或混合结构的柔性电路板等。对于摄像头模组100包括的其他元件在此不再一一详述。红外滤光片30可以与固定基座50的腔壁固定，并位于光学镜头10与线路板60之间；或者，也可以通过支架支撑固定于线路板60的上方。
感光元件20通过键合或者贴片等方式固定于线路板60上。并且，感光元件20位于光学镜头10的像侧并与光学镜头10相对设置，光学镜头10生成的光学图像能够投射至感光元件20。一些实施方式中，模数转换器300、图像处理器200、存储器400等也通过键合或者贴片等方式集成于线路板60上，从而通过线路板60实现感光元件20、模数转换器300、图像处理器200、存储器400等之间的通信连接。
一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的镜筒10a与固定基座50能够相对固定基座50进行移动，以改变光学镜头10与感光元件20之间的距离。当光学镜头10的焦距发生改变时，相对固定基座50移动镜筒10a，从而相应调整光学镜头10与感光元件20之间的距离，从而保证摄像头模组100的成像质量。例如，一些实施方式中，固定基座50包括收容腔的腔壁设有内螺纹，镜筒10a的外壁设有外螺纹，镜筒10a与固定基座50进行螺纹连接。通过驱动件驱动镜筒10a旋转，从而使得镜筒10a相对固定基座50产生轴向方向的移动，使得光学镜头10的镜片靠近或远离感光元件20。可以理解的是，镜筒10a还可以以其它的方式与固定基座50连接，并实现相对固定基座50的移动。例如，镜筒10a与固定基座50之间通过滑轨进行连接。
一些实施方式中，本申请的光学镜头10的多片镜片包括第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15，各镜片同轴设置，每片镜片包括朝向物侧的物 侧面以及朝向像侧的像侧面。可以理解的是，本申请的所述多片镜片均为具有正光焦度或负曲折力的镜片，当在多片镜片之间插入平面镜时，平面镜不算作为本申请的光学镜头的镜片。例如，在第四镜片14、第五镜片15之间插入平面镜时，平面镜不能算作本申请实施方式的第五镜片。
本申请中，光学镜头10的各镜片可以为塑料材质、玻璃材质或者其它的复合材料。本申请一些实施方式中，第一镜片11或者第二镜片12采用玻璃镜片，其它的镜片采用玻璃镜片或者塑料镜片。由于玻璃镜片的相对折射率温度系数较低，即玻璃镜片的折射率随着温度变化的程度较小，因此，本申请的光学镜头相较于全部采用塑料镜片的光学镜头来说，温漂系数会大大减小。并且，一般来说，玻璃镜片的折射率随温度变化关系满足：dn/dT>0；塑料镜片的折射率随温度变化关系满足：dn/dT＜0，当温度发生变化时，玻璃镜片与塑料镜片之间会产生补偿，从而减小光学镜头的温漂。并且，玻璃材质的镜片的折射率n 1满足：1.50≤n 1≤1.90，其相对于塑料镜片的折射率范围(1.55-1.65)来说，折射率可选择的范围较大，更容易得到较薄但性能较好的玻璃镜片。
本申请一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的第一镜片11及第二镜片12均为玻璃材质，以得到较薄且像差矫正能力强的第一镜片11及第二镜片12。由于第一镜片11及第二镜片12均为玻璃材质，能够减小光学镜头10的温漂，并能够通过第一镜片11及第二镜片12来补偿来其它镜片的温漂，从而进一步的减小光学镜头10的温漂。本申请一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的温漂系数△f/△℃较小，满足关系式：-2.2μm/℃≤△f/△℃≤1.4μm/℃。并且，本由于光学镜头10的越靠近物侧的镜片，其承担的调整光路的工作越大，对于光学效果的调整越重要，本申请实施方式中，通过将第一镜片11采用玻璃材质制成，可以在尽量少的使用玻璃材质的镜头，得到最佳的拍摄效果。
进一步的，本申请中，第一镜片11与第二镜片12的折射率不同，即采用不同种类的玻璃材质制成第一镜片11与第二镜片12。第一镜片11与第二镜片12粘合形成双胶合镜片，即将所述第一镜片11的像侧面及所述第二镜片12的物侧面通过光学胶材进行贴合。双胶合镜片结构简单，且由于第一镜片11与第二镜片12贴合，因此，光线经过第一镜片11传输至第二镜片12时光能损失较小。并且，通过合理的搭配第一镜片11与第二镜片12的折射率及光焦度，使得能够通过双胶合镜片校正光学镜头10的球差、彗差、色差等，以得到更好的拍摄效果。本申请一些实施方式中，第一镜片11具有正光焦度，第二镜片12具有负光焦度。双胶合镜片、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15中至少一个镜片的相对折射率温度系数β x满足关系式：-9×10 -5≤β x≤9×10 -5。
本申请中，光学镜头10由多片不同的镜片构成，不同的镜片组合(例如镜片沿光路排列的次序、镜片材质、折射率、形状曲率等)带来不同的光学性能。本申请一些实施方式中，第一镜片11具有正光焦度。第一镜片11的物侧面及像侧面的近轴处均为凸面。第二镜片12具有负光焦度。第二镜片12的物侧面及像侧面的近轴处均为凹面。其中，近轴处为凸面或者凹面是指在无限的接近于镜片的轴线位置为凸面还是凹面。即近轴是指无线接近于轴线的位置。需要说明的是，镜片的形状、物侧面与像侧面的凹凸程度仅仅示意性的，对本申请实施方式不造成任何限定，本申请实施方式对于物侧面与像侧面远离光轴的部分的凹凸不做任何限定。本申请一些实施方式中，第一镜片11与第二镜片12粘合形成的双 胶合镜片具有正光焦度。由于第一镜片11的物侧面为凸面，且双胶合镜片具有正光焦度，能够通过双胶合镜片能够提升光学镜头10会聚外界的光线的能力，以增加外界的进光量，并能够缩小光学镜头10的光学总长TTL，以使得光学镜头10能够更加适用于移动终端等薄型化设备中。
具体的，本申请的一些实施方式中，光学镜头10的光学总长与光学镜头10的有效焦距f满足关系式：0.75≤TTL/f≤1.0。即本实施方式的光学镜头10，能够满足所需的有效焦距f的同时，光学镜头10的光学总长TTL可以较小，使得将光学镜头10应用于终端中时，终端能够实现更好的薄型化。
一些实施方式中，双胶合镜片的焦距f 1与所述光学镜头的系统焦距为f满足关系式：0≤f 1/f≤1.5。此关系式规定了双胶合镜片与光学镜头10的焦距之比的范围，表示双胶合镜片的聚光能力，有利于降低系统慧差及轴向色差。本申请一些实施方式中，通过对各镜片的光焦度进行合理分配，能够使得光学镜头10的垂轴色差小于3.6um，轴向色差小于12um。
本申请一些实施方式中，第三镜片13具有正光焦度，能够进一步的提高光学镜头10的光线会聚能力，降低光学系统的慧差及轴向色差。第四镜片14具有负光焦度，能够与具有负光焦度的镜片能够对光束进行扩束，增大成像的像高。并且，能够与其他的镜片进行光焦度配合，从而消除光学镜头10的像差等，以得到更好的光学效果。
由于玻璃镜片的加工相较于塑料镜片来说更难。因此，本申请一些实施方式中，第一镜片11及第二镜片12的物侧面及像侧面均为球面，从而降低第一镜片11及第二镜片12的制作难度。第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面，从而通过对第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15的物侧面及像侧面的参数设计，以得到具有较好的光学效果的光学镜头10。
本申请的一些实施方式中，各镜片的非球面满足公式：
Figure PCTCN2021078795-appb-000001
其中，z为非球面上距离光轴为r的点与相切于非球面光轴上交点切面的相对距离，r为非球面曲线上的点与光轴的垂直距离，c为非球面顶点球曲率，K为二次曲面常数，a i为第i阶非球面系数，ρ为归一化轴向坐标。
通过上述关系式，以得到具有不同的非球面的镜片，使得不同的镜片能够实现不同的光学效果，从而通过各不同的非球面镜片的配合实现良好的拍摄效果。
根据本申请一些实施方式中给定的关系式和范围，通过镜片的配置方式和具有特定光学设计的镜片的组合，可以使光学镜头10满足实现较小温漂的同时，还可以获得较高的成像性能。下面将结合图5至图13更加详细地描述本申请实施方式的一些具体的而非限制性的例子。
请参阅图5，图5所示为本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的镜片为五片，分别为第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15，第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15自物侧至像侧依次设置，且各片镜片同轴设置。第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面贴合形成双胶合镜片。
其中，第一镜片11具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面为曲率相同的球面，以保证第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面能够紧密的贴合。第三镜片13具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第四镜片14具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第五镜片15具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11及第二镜片12为玻璃材质，第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15均为塑料材质。第一镜片11及第二镜片12的物侧面及像侧面均为球面，第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。依据上文中关于本申请光学镜头10满足的各关系式，本申请第一实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表1。
表1 第一实施方式的光学镜头的设计参数
面号 说明 表面类型 曲率半径 厚度 材质 折射率 色散系数
S1 第一透镜 标准面 4.061 1.050 玻璃 1.589 61.163
S2 标准面 -34.108 -
S3 第二透镜 标准面 -34.108 0.500 玻璃 1.717 29.510
S4 标准面 8.096 0.819
S5 第三透镜 非球面 3.202 1.531 塑料 1.545 55.987
S6 非球面 5.731 0.825
S7 第四透镜 非球面 -24.681 0.500 塑料 1.545 55.987
S8 非球面 4.001 2.056
S9 第五透镜 非球面 -7.080 2.030 塑料 1.545 55.987
S10 非球面 -6.906 0.300
S11 红外滤光片 平面 无限 0.210 －
S12 平面 无限 2.841
其中，S1表示第一镜片11的物侧面，S2表示第一镜片11的像侧面，S3表示第二镜片12的物侧面，S4表示第二镜片12的像侧面，S5表示第三镜片13的物侧面，S6表示第三镜片13的像侧面，S7表示第四镜片14的物侧面，S8表示第四镜片14的像侧面，S9表示第五镜片15的物侧面，S10表示第五镜片15的像侧面，S11表示光学滤光片30的物侧面，S12表示光学滤光片30的像侧面。需要说明的是，本申请中，S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8、S9、S10、S11、S12等符号表示的意义均相同，在后续再次出现时不再进行赘述。
表2示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片(即第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15)的非球面系数。
表2 第一实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的设计参数
面号 K A4 A6
S1 0 0 0
S2 0 0 0
S3 0 0 0
S4 0 0 0
S5 -3.61E-11 3.80E-04 -1.87E-05
S6 5.76E-11 -5.17E-03 -1.89E-03
S7 3.33E-10 -3.97E-02 3.99E-03
S8 -3.85E-10 -2.09E-02 8.32E-03
S9 2.80E-10 -7.18E-03 -1.89E-03
S10 -8.89E-11 -5.81E-03 -4.40E-04
其中，K为二次曲面常数，A4、A6等符号表示多项式系数。需要说明的是，表格中的各参数为科学计数法表示。例如，-3.61E-11是指-3.61×10 -11；3.80E-04是指3.80×10 -4。
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021078795-appb-000002
，即能够设计得到第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15。本实施方式中，
Figure PCTCN2021078795-appb-000003
需要说明的是，本申请中，K、A4、A6等符号表示的意义均相同，在后续再次出现时不再进行赘述。
根据上述各镜片的设计参数得到本实施方式的光学镜头10。本实施方式的光学镜头10的基本参数如表3所示。
表3 第一实施方式的光学镜头基本参数
参数(mm) TTL ImgH f f1 f2 f3 f4 f5
数值 12.7 2.8 14.50 12.12 -10.74 -10.94 -6.26 100.42
其中，TTL为光学镜头10的光学总长，ImgH为光学镜头10的成像像高，f为光学镜头10的有效焦距，f1为第一镜头11的焦距，f2为第二镜头12的焦距，f3为第三镜头13的焦距，f4为第四镜头14的焦距，f5为第五镜头15的焦距。需要说明的是，本申请中，TTL、ImgH、f、f1、f2、f3、f4、f5等符号表示的意义均相同，在后续再次出现时不再进行赘述。
本实施方式中，光学镜头10的光学总长TTL与光学镜头10的有效焦距为f满足条件：TTL/f≤0.88，从而能够保证光学镜头10的有效焦距的情况下，实现较小TTL，使得本实施方式的光学镜头10能够较好的应用于薄型化的终端。
在实施方式中，由于第一镜片11及第二镜片12为玻璃镜片，且第一镜片11与第二镜片12粘合形成双胶合镜片，从而能够减小光学镜头10的温漂。具体的，本实施方式中，温度变化△℃时，焦距f变化量为△f，温漂系数△f/△℃满足条件：-2.2um/℃≤△f/△℃≤ 1.4um/℃，即说明本实施方式中的温漂系数△f/△℃较小，能够减小光学镜头10的温漂，使得光学镜头10在不同温度下的焦点漂移较小，以得到更好的拍摄效果。
进一步的，本实施方式中，通过采用低折射率温度系数材料和光焦度的合理分配能够进一步的降低光学镜头10的温漂系数。具体的，本实施方式中，第一透镜11相对折射率温度系数β1满足：-9×10-5≤β1≤9×10-5，第二透镜12相对折射率温度系数β2满足：-9×10-5≤β2≤9×10-5，双胶合镜片的焦距f12与光学镜头10的有效焦距f满足关系式：f12/f＝1.06，即f12/f满足关系式：0≤f12/f≤1.5。
本实施方式中，第一透镜11的色散系数(阿贝数)V1为61.163，满足15≤V1≤100，第二透镜的色散系数(阿贝数)V2为29.510，满足15≤V2≤100。本实施方式中，通过合理的光焦度分配和色散系数选择，能够校正光学镜头10的色差。本实施方式中，垂轴色差小于3.6um，轴向色差小于12um。
请参阅图6及图7，图6及图7为第一实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。其中，图6示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过示例一的光学镜头10后的轴向色差。图6的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图6中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个很小的范围内。图7所示为第一实施方式的光学镜头10的垂轴色差示意图。图7的纵坐标表示的是实际像高，横坐标表示垂轴方向上的色差，单位为毫米。从图7中可以看出，本实施方式中，光学镜头10的垂轴色差也控制在一个较小的范围内，即光学镜头10具有较好的成像效果。
请参阅图8，图8所示为本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的镜片为五片，分别为第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15，第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15自物侧至像侧依次设置，且各片镜片同轴设置。第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面贴合形成双胶合镜片。
其中，第一镜片11具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面为曲率相同的球面，以保证第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面能够紧密的贴合。第三镜片13具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第四镜片14具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第五镜片15具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11及第二镜片12为玻璃材质，第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15均为塑料材质。第一镜片11及第二镜片12的物侧面及像侧面均为球面，第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。依据上文中关于本申请光学镜头10满足的各关系式，本申请第二实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表4。
表4 第二实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数
面号 说明 表面类型 曲率半径 厚度 材质 折射率 色散系数
S1 第一透镜 标准面 3.982 1.059 玻璃 1.589 61.163
S2   标准面 -36.436 -      
S3 第二透镜 标准面 -36.436 0.500 玻璃 1.717 29.510
S4   标准面 8.032 0.100      
S5 第三透镜 非球面 3.233 0.673 塑料 1.545 55.987
S6   非球面 4.574 2.106      
S7 第四透镜 非球面 -13.234 0.500 塑料 1.545 55.987
S8   非球面 6.084 1.324      
S9 第五透镜 非球面 140.677 1.237 塑料 1.639 23.515
S10   非球面 -24.633 0.100      
S11 红外滤光片 平面 无限 0.210 -    
S12   平面 无限 4.844      
表5示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片(即第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15)的非球面系数。
表5 第二实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的设计参数
面号 K A4 A6
S1 0 0 0
S2 0 0 0
S3 0 0 0
S4 0 0 0
S5 -1.93E-10 1.77E-03 -2.07E-04
S6 -3.04E-10 1.74E-03 -8.34E-04
S7 3.94E-10 -4.37E-02 6.15E-03
S8 -2.51E-10 -4.21E-02 8.47E-03
S9 -2.47E-10 -2.12E-02 -2.08E-03
S10 -2.63E-10 -1.45E-02 -3.13E-04
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021078795-appb-000004
，即能够设计得到第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15。本实施方式中，
Figure PCTCN2021078795-appb-000005
根据上述各镜片的设计参数得到本实施方式的光学镜头10。本实施方式的光学镜头10的基本参数如表6所示。
表6 第二实施方式的光学镜头基本参数
参数(mm) TTL ImgH f f1 f2 f3 f4 f5
数值 12.7 2.8 14.50 11.86 -10.69 17.15 -7.56 32.64
本实施方式中，光学镜头10的光学总长TTL与光学镜头10的有效焦距为f满足条件：0.87≤TTL/f≤0.88，从而能够保证光学镜头10的有效焦距的情况下，实现较小TTL，使得本实施方式的光学镜头10能够较好的应用于薄型化的终端。
在实施方式中，由于第一镜片11及第二镜片12为玻璃镜片，且第一镜片11与第二镜片12粘合形成双胶合镜片，从而能够减小光学镜头10的温漂。具体的，本实施方式中，温度变化△℃时，焦距f变化量为△f，温漂系数△f/△℃满足条件：-2.2um/℃≤△f/△℃≤1.4um/℃，即说明本实施方式中的温漂系数△f/△℃较小，能够减小光学镜头10的温漂，使得光学镜头10在不同温度下的焦点漂移较小，以得到更好的拍摄效果。
进一步的，本实施方式中，通过采用低折射率温度系数材料和光焦度的合理分配能够进一步的降低光学镜头10的温漂系数。具体的，本实施方式中，第一透镜11相对折射率温度系数β1满足：-9×10-5≤β1≤9×10-5，第二透镜12相对折射率温度系数β2满足：-9×10-5≤β2≤9×10-5，双胶合镜片的焦距f12与光学镜头10的有效焦距f满足关系式：f12/f＝1.01，即f12/f满足关系式：0≤f12/f≤1.5。
本实施方式中，第一透镜11的色散系数(阿贝数)V1为61.163，满足15≤V1≤100，第二透镜的色散系数(阿贝数)V2为29.510，满足15≤V2≤100。本实施方式中，通过合理的光焦度分配和色散系数选择，能够校正光学镜头10的色差。本实施方式中，垂轴色差小于3.6um，轴向色差小于12um。
请参阅图9及图10，图9及图10为第二实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。其中，图9示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过示例二的光学镜头10后的轴向色差。图9的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图9中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个很小的范围内。图10所示为第二实施方式的光学镜头10的垂轴色差示意图。图10的纵坐标表示的是实际像高，横坐标表示垂轴方向上的色差，单位为毫米。从图10中可以看出，本实施方式中，光学镜头10的垂轴色差也控制在一个较小的范围内，即光学镜头10具有较好的成像效果。
请参阅图11，图11所示为本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头10的结构示意图。本实施方式中，光学镜头10的镜片为五片，分别为第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15，第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15自物侧至像侧依次设置，且各片镜片同轴设置。第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面贴合形成双胶合镜片。
其中，第一镜片11具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凸面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面；第二镜片12具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面。第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面为曲率相同的球面，以保证第一镜片11的像侧面与第二镜片12的物侧面能够紧密的贴合。第三镜片13具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凸面， 其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第四镜片14具有负屈折力，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凹面；第五镜片15具有正光焦度，其物侧面于近轴为凹面，其像侧面于近轴为凸面。
本实施方式中，第一镜片11及第二镜片12为玻璃材质，第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15均为塑料材质。第一镜片11及第二镜片12的物侧面及像侧面均为球面，第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。依据上文中关于本申请光学镜头10满足的各关系式，本申请第三实施方式的光学镜头10的设计参数如下表7。
表7 第三实施方式的光学镜头的设计参数
面号 说明 表面类型 曲率半径 厚度 材质 折射率 色散系数
S1 第一透镜 标准面 4.04 1.05 玻璃 1.589 61.163
S2   标准面 -33.19 0      
S3 第二透镜 标准面 -33.19 0.50 玻璃 1.717 29.510
S4   标准面 8.07 0.82      
S5 第三透镜 非球面 3.22 1.53 塑料 1.639 23.515
S6   非球面 5.63 0.83      
S7 第四透镜 非球面 -25.94 0.50 塑料 1.639 23.515
S8   非球面 4.11 2.06      
S9 第五透镜 非球面 -7.08 2.03 塑料 1.545 55.987
S10   非球面 -6.91 0.30      
S12 红外滤光片 平面 无限 0.21 -    
表8示出了本实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片(即第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14、第五镜片15)的非球面系数。
表8 第三实施方式的光学镜头10的各镜片的设计参数
面号 K A4 A6
S1 0 0 0
S2 0 0 0
S3 0 0 0
S4 0 0 0
S5 -3.61E-11 3.80E-04 -1.87E-05
S6 5.76E-11 -5.17E-03 -1.89E-03
S7 3.33E-10 -3.97E-02 3.99E-03
S8 -3.85E-10 -2.09E-02 8.32E-03
S9 2.80E-10 -7.18E-03 -1.89E-03
S10 -8.89E-11 -5.81E-03 -4.40E-04
通过将上述参数代入至公式：
Figure PCTCN2021078795-appb-000006
，即能够设计得到第一镜片11、第二镜片12、第三镜片13、第四镜片14及第五镜片15。本实施方式中，
Figure PCTCN2021078795-appb-000007
根据上述各镜片的设计参数得到本实施方式的光学镜头10。本实施方式的光学镜头10的基本参数如表9所示。
表9 第三实施方式的光学镜头基本参数
参数(mm) TTL ImgH f f1 f2 f3 f4 f5
数值 12.7 2.8 14.43 12.08 -10.70 11.23 -6.45 100.42
本实施方式中，光学镜头10的光学总长TTL与光学镜头10的有效焦距为f满足条件：0.87≤TTL/f≤0.88，从而能够保证光学镜头10的有效焦距的情况下，实现较小TTL，使得本实施方式的光学镜头10能够较好的应用于薄型化的终端。
在实施方式中，由于第一镜片11及第二镜片12为玻璃镜片，且第一镜片11与第二镜片12粘合形成双胶合镜片，从而能够减小光学镜头10的温漂。具体的，本实施方式中，温度变化△℃时，焦距f变化量为△f，温漂系数△f/△℃满足条件：-2.2um/℃≤△f/△℃≤1.4um/℃，即说明本实施方式中的温漂系数△f/△℃较小，能够减小光学镜头10的温漂，使得光学镜头10在不同温度下的焦点漂移较小，以得到更好的拍摄效果。
进一步的，本实施方式中，通过采用低折射率温度系数材料和光焦度的合理分配能够进一步的降低光学镜头10的温漂系数。具体的，本实施方式中，第一透镜11相对折射率温度系数β1满足：-9×10-5≤β1≤9×10-5，第二透镜12相对折射率温度系数β2满足：-9×10-5≤β2≤9×10-5，双胶合镜片的焦距f12与光学镜头10的有效焦距f满足关系式：f12/f＝1.05，即f12/f满足关系式：0≤f12/f≤1.5。
本实施方式中，第一透镜11的色散系数(阿贝数)V1为61.163，满足15≤V1≤100，第二透镜的色散系数(阿贝数)V2为29.510，满足15≤V2≤100。本实施方式中，通过合理的光焦度分配和色散系数选择，能够校正光学镜头10的色差。本实施方式中，垂轴色差小于3.6um，轴向色差小于12um。
请参阅图12及图13，图12及图13为第三实施方式的光学镜头10的光学性能的表征图。其中，图12示出了波长分别为650nm、610nm、555nm、510nm、470nm的光经过示例三的光学镜头10后的轴向色差。图12的纵坐标表示的是归一化瞳孔坐标，横坐标表示轴向方向上的像差，单位为毫米。从图12中可以看出，本实施方式中，轴向像差控制在一个很小的范围内。图13所示为第三实施方式的光学镜头10的垂轴色差示意图。图13的纵坐标表示的是实际像高，横坐标表示垂轴方向上的色差，单位为毫米。从图13中可以看出，本实施方式中，光学镜头10的垂轴色差也控制在一个较小的范围内，即光学镜头10具有较好的成像效果。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种光学镜头，其特征在于，包括多片镜片，多片所述镜片中包括自物侧至像侧排列的第一镜片、第二镜片、第三镜片、第四镜片及第五镜片，所述第一镜片与所述第二镜片胶合以形成双胶合镜片，多片所述镜片的材质为玻璃或者塑料，所述第一镜片及所述第二镜片中至少一片的材质为玻璃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述双胶合镜片具有正光焦度，所述第三镜片具有正光焦度，所述第四镜片具有负光焦度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片与所述第二镜片的色散系数不同。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项的所述光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的光焦度为正，所述第二镜片的光焦度为负，所述第一镜片的像侧面及所述第二镜片的物侧面贴合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的物侧面为凸面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片与所述第二镜片的像侧面及物侧面均为球面，第二镜片、第三镜片、第四镜片以及第五镜片的物侧面及像侧面均为非球面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    0.75≤TTL/f≤1.0；
    其中，TTL为所述光学镜头的光学总长，f为所述光学镜头的有效焦距。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头满足下列关系式：
    -2.2μm/℃≤△f/△℃≤1.4μm/℃；
    其中，△f/△℃为所述光学镜头的温漂系数。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述双胶合镜片、第三镜片、第四镜片及第五镜片中至少一个镜片的相对折射率温度系数β x满足下列关系式：
    -9×10 -5≤β x≤9×10 -5。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述双胶合镜片的焦距f 1与所述光学镜头的系统焦距为f满足下列关系式：
    0≤f 1/f≤1.5。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头还包括光阑，所述光阑位于所述第一镜片的物侧或者像侧。
  12. 一种摄像头模组，其特征在于，包括感光元件和如权利要求1至11中任一项所述的光学镜头，所述感光元件位于所述光学镜头的像侧，光线经所述光学镜头后投射至所述感光元件。
  13. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括图像处理器和如权利要求12所述的摄像头模组，所述图像处理器与所述摄像头模组通信连接，所述摄像头模组用于获取图像数据并将所述图像数据输入到所述图像处理器中，所述图像处理器用于对输出其中的所述图像数据进行处理。
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