WO2021177765A1 - Drilling tooth, and drilling bucket having drilling tooth - Google Patents

Abstract

A drilling tooth according to various embodiments of the present invention, which is a drilling tooth joined to a bucket, comprises: a joining part which is joined to the bucket; and a drilling part for performing a drilling operation. The drilling part includes a horizontal portion extending in the front and rear directions at the center of a lower surface portion, and at least one stepped groove formed from the horizontal portion toward a side portion. The stepped groove may be formed to be stepped through a first stepped surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and a second stepped surface formed so as to be adjacent to the side portion at a constant angle with the first stepped surface.

Description

Drilling tooth and drilling bucket with drilling tooth

The present invention relates to an excavation tooth and a bucket for excavation having a tooth for excavation, and more particularly, to a bucket for excavation provided with a tooth for excavation and an excavation tooth which is mounted and used in a construction machine.

In general, an excavator, which is a type of construction machine, is a civil engineering machine used to mine soil or rocks. An arm is rotatably provided in the front part of the excavator car body using a hydraulic device, and a bucket capable of mining soil or rocks and temporarily storing it is provided rotatably at the tip of the arm. In addition, a plurality of teeth (tooth) are installed integrally or separately at the tip of the bucket in order to improve the excavation performance.

An object of the present invention is to provide an excavation bucket having an improved wear resistance and an excavation tooth and an excavation tooth.

The tooth for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention, in the tooth for excavation coupled to the bucket, includes a coupling unit coupled to the bucket and an excavation unit for performing an excavation operation, wherein the excavation unit is located at the center of the lower surface in the front-rear direction and at least one stepped groove formed from the horizontal part toward the side surface, and a first stepped surface adjacent to the horizontal part and a predetermined angle with the first stepped surface. It may be formed to be stepped through the second stepped surface formed adjacent to the side portion.

Preferably, the angle between the first stepped surface and the second stepped surface is formed in the range of 135˚ to 145˚, and the angle between the second stepped surface and the side part is formed in the range of 30˚ to 40˚. can

Preferably, the upper surface portion of the excavation portion may be formed to be concave downward toward the center from the side portion.

Preferably, when viewed from the side of the excavation part, the angle between the tangent of the first curve formed by the curvature corresponding to the curvature of the upper surface part and the tangent of the second curve formed by the curvature corresponding to the curvature of the lower surface part is 10 It can be formed in the range of ˚ to 25˚.

Preferably, a cross-section perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the excavation part may be formed in a crescent shape that is opened upward.

Preferably, at least some sections of the upper end or lower end of the crescent shape may be formed in a straight section.

The bucket for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention is a bucket for excavation having a tooth coupled to a tip portion, wherein the tooth includes a coupling unit coupled to the bucket and an excavation unit for performing an excavation operation, and the excavation The portion includes a horizontal portion extending in the front-rear direction at the center of the lower surface portion and at least one or more stepped grooves formed on the left and right from the horizontal portion toward the side surface, wherein the step groove includes a first stepped surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and the It may be formed to be stepped through a second stepped surface that forms a predetermined angle with the first stepped surface and is formed adjacent to the side portion.

Preferably, the angle between the first stepped surface and the second stepped surface is formed in the range of 135˚ to 145˚, and the angle between the second stepped surface and the side part is formed in the range of 30˚ to 40˚. can

An excavation bucket having an excavation tooth or an excavation tooth according to various embodiments of the present invention can minimize weight increase while improving wear resistance during excavation work.

1 is a view showing a general bucket for excavation.

Figure 2 is a view showing a bucket for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a view showing a reinforcing member installed in the bucket for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention.

4 to 6 are views specifically showing the protrusion and depression of the reinforcing member of FIG.

7 is a view showing a test specimen performed to derive the shape of the reinforcing member of FIG.

8 is a view showing a simplified discrete element method analysis model in the form of a specimen passing between particles so that contact with particles occurs due to movement of the specimen for surface wear analysis of the bucket.

9 is a view showing the shear energy measurement results obtained through the discrete element method analysis model of FIG. 5B using the specimens of FIG. 7 .

FIG. 10 is a view showing the results of deriving shear energy based on surface wear analysis using the discrete element method for some of the specimens of FIG. 7 .

11 is a view showing a wear analysis result using a discrete element method for an excavation bucket to which the reinforcement member of the present invention is applied.

12 is a photograph showing a tooth applied to a bucket for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention.

13 to 15 are views showing a tooth applied to a bucket for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a view showing a cross-section taken along line A-A' in FIG. 13;

17 is a view showing a wear analysis result using the discrete element method for the tooth applied to the bucket for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention.

18 is a view showing a wear resistance lifespan calculated using the wear analysis result of FIG. 17 .

19 is a view showing a wear analysis model through the discrete element method for surface wear analysis of teeth.

20 is a view showing a simplified form of the specimen to form a symmetrical form and an asymmetrical form based on the direction in which the specimen for testing the amount of wear using the analysis model of FIG. 19 .

21 is a view showing a wear analysis result through shear energy according to the shape of the specimen 20.

FIG. 22 is a view showing the results of wear analysis by forming a stepped groove in an asymmetrical specimen among the specimens of FIG. 20; FIG.

Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to exemplary drawings for convenience of description. In describing the reference numerals for the components of each drawing, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they are displayed on different drawings.

The principle that the terms or words used in the present specification and claims are not limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, and the inventor can appropriately define the concept of the term in order to best describe his invention. It should be interpreted as meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the In addition, in describing the components of the embodiment of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used. These terms are only for distinguishing the components from other components, and the essence, order, or order of the components are not limited by the terms. When it is described that a component is 'connected' or 'coupled' to another component, the component may be directly connected or coupled to the other component, but another component is between the component and the other component. It should be understood that elements may be 'connected' or 'coupled'.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical spirit of the present invention, so various equivalents that can replace them at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be water and variations. In addition, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations that may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention will be omitted.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings for the bucket 100 for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a general bucket 100 for excavation, and FIG. 2 is a view showing a bucket 100 for excavation having a reinforcement member 200 for a bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention. 3 is a view showing the reinforcing member 200 for the bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention, and FIGS. 4 to 6 are the protrusions 220 and depressions of the reinforcing member 200 of FIG. 3 . It is a diagram specifically showing the part 230 .

Referring to FIG. 1 , the bucket 100 for excavation is mounted on the arm of a construction machine, and is disposed on the upper side of the bottom plate part 110 formed including a curved surface, the bottom plate part 110 , and is a bracket for connection with the arm. A pair of side plate parts 120 disposed on both sides of the top plate part 130, the bottom plate part 110 and the top plate part 130 on which the 131 (bracket) is formed to form a space in which the work can be accommodated. ) may be included. In addition, a lip unit 140 for installing a plurality of teeth 300 is disposed at the lower front end of the bottom plate unit 110 , and the plurality of teeth 300 are integrally formed in front of the lip unit 140 or an adapter 150 . It is disposed so that it can be detached through.

Hereinafter, the direction in which both side plates of the bucket 100 oppose can be described as the 'width direction', and in the bottom part, the direction in which the lip part 140 is disposed is described as the 'front', and the opposite direction It can be described as 'rear'.

The bucket 100 for excavation is mounted on the arm of the construction machine through the bracket 131 formed on the upper plate 130 , and serves to excavate the ground or collect or move soil and gravel. Since the bucket 100 is in direct contact with the ground or working surface in various working environments during the excavation process, wear occurs over time, and the lifespan may be greatly shortened depending on the working conditions of the construction machine.

In particular, the outer surface of the bottom plate part 110 in direct contact with the working surface is most vulnerable to wear, and the inner surface in contact with the space of the bucket 100 is also easily abraded due to the work. In addition, the tooth 300 installed to improve the excavation performance is also a structure disposed at the forefront of the bucket 100 and is inevitably very vulnerable to wear due to work.

However, when an additional structure is added to the bottom plate part 110 or the tooth 300 to prevent wear, the overall weight of the bucket 100 is increased, so that fuel efficiency and work efficiency of the construction machine are inevitably reduced.

In the present invention, the structure of the reinforcing member 200 and the tooth 300 is proposed to improve the wear-resistance life while minimizing the increase in the weight of the bucket 100 .

In the present invention, a natural simulation technique was used to reduce friction and abrasion by simulating the functional surface structure of nature. Specifically, the reinforcing member 200 of the bucket 100 imitates the scales of a king snake that can move freely by minimizing friction in the sandy desert, and the tooth 300 for the bucket 100 imitating the claws of a mole digging into the ground to create a movement path. ) and will be described in detail below.

First, referring to FIGS. 2 to 6 , the reinforcement member 200 for the bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention is a bottom plate part ( As the wear-resistant reinforcing member 200 installed on the outer surface of the 110 , it may include a body portion 210 , a protrusion portion 220 , and a depression portion 230 .

The body 210 may be provided in a bar-type plate shape extending in the width direction of the bucket 100 having a constant thickness T and a width W1 . The body part 210 may be arranged to cover a certain area of the exposed surface of the inner surface or the outer surface of the bottom plate part 110 in order to minimize wear of the bottom plate part 110 of the bucket 100 .

The width W1 of the body 210 may mean a distance from the front end to the rear end except for the protrusion 220 to be described later. In one embodiment, the width W1 of the body portion 210 may be formed to be 1.5 times or more and 4 times or less of the thickness T. If the width (W1) of the body portion 210 is formed to be less than 1.5 times the thickness (T), the contact area with the bottom plate portion 110 is reduced to become vulnerable to the shear stress received with respect to the thickness (T), the body portion ( When the width W1 of 210 is formed to exceed 4 times the thickness T, the abrasion resistance effect is reduced compared to the manufacturing cost.

At the rear end of the body 210 , that is, at an end opposite to the direction in which the lip unit 140 is disposed, a protrusion 220 protruding toward the rear at a constant height may be formed. The protrusion 220 may be formed in a shape such as a wedge, a semicircle, a square, a trapezoid or other polygonal shapes. 4 to 6 , in one embodiment, the width W2 of the protrusion 220 formed in a wedge shape may be formed to be one or more times or more than twice the height H1 of the protrusion 220 or less. . If the width W2 of the wedge protrusion 220 is formed to be less than one time the height H1 of the protrusion 220, the effect of protecting the bottom plate 110 from friction is reduced, and the width W2 of the protrusion 220 is ) is formed to exceed twice the height H1 of the protrusion 220 , the amount of wear of the reinforcement member 200 itself increases compared to the effect of protecting the bottom plate part 110 .

The height H1 of the protrusion 220 may be 0.3 times or more of the width W1 of the body 210 and less than or equal to the width W1 of the body 210 . If the height H1 of the protrusion 220 is formed to be less than 0.3 times the width W1 of the body 210 described above, the anti-wear effect of the bottom plate 110 by the protrusion 220 does not occur, When the height H1 of the protrusion 220 exceeds the width W1 of the body 210 , the wear amount of the body 210 itself increases.

In the present invention, a plurality of protrusions 220 may be formed, and the plurality of protrusions 220 may be arranged at regular intervals along the rear end of the body 210 . In an embodiment, the distance L1 between the protrusions 220 may be formed to be at least 2 times and not more than 5 times the width W2 of the protrusions 220 . If the distance L1 between each protrusion 220 is arranged to be less than twice the width W2 of the protrusion 220 , the manufacturing cost becomes excessive compared to the effect of improving the abrasion resistance of the reinforcing member 200 , and each protrusion When the interval L1 between the 220 is arranged to exceed 5 times the width W2 of the protrusion 220, the effect of protecting the bottom plate 110 of the bucket 100 from abrasion is reduced, and the reinforcing member ( 200) will increase its own wear.

At the front end of the body portion 210 , that is, at the end in the direction in which the lip portion 140 is disposed, a depression portion 230 concavely recessed to a predetermined height toward the rear may be formed. The depression 230 may be formed in the same shape as the protrusion 220 . Although not limited thereto, it may be preferable that the protrusion 220 and the depression 230 have the same shape in order to reduce manufacturing cost when cutting a plate (eg, a steel plate).

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3 , a plurality of the aforementioned reinforcing members 200 may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other at specific intervals in the front-rear direction. In one embodiment, the distance between each of the reinforcing members 200 may be arranged to be 1 to 3 times the height of the above-described protrusion 220 . If the distance between each reinforcing member 200 is arranged to be less than one time the height of the protrusion 220 , the number of applied reinforcing members 200 compared to the total area of the bottom plate part 110 is excessive and wear resistance Compared to the effect, the manufacturing cost increases, and when the distance between each reinforcing member 200 is disposed to exceed three times the height of the protrusion 220 , the exposure of the bottom plate 110 is the protection range of the reinforcing member 200 . Beyond this, the wear resistance effect may be reduced.

According to various embodiments of the present invention, the aforementioned reinforcing member 200 may be disposed on the outer surface of the bottom plate part 110 as shown in FIG. 2 , but is not limited thereto and may be disposed on the inner surface of the bottom plate part 110 . and may be disposed on both the inner surface and the outer surface.

According to various embodiments, the reinforcing member 200 may be joined to the bottom plate part 110 by welding, but the joining method is not limited thereto. In an embodiment, the reinforcing member 200 may be detachably coupled through a support member formed on the inner or outer surface of the bottom plate 110 .

In the present invention, the reinforcing member 200 may be formed of a steel plate material having a Brinell hardness (HBW) in the range of 400 to 600. If the hardness of the reinforcing member 200 is less than 400, it is difficult to perform the role of the reinforcing member 200 for the abrasion resistance of the bottom plate part 110 because the wear resistance performance of the reinforcing member 200 itself is lowered, and the hardness exceeds 600 When welding the bottom plate part 110, the weldability is extremely deteriorated, so that there is a difficulty in the manufacturing process.

In one embodiment, when the reinforcing member 200 is installed, the bottom plate 110 of the bucket 100 may be formed of a steel plate material having a Brinell hardness (HBW) within the range of 180 to 400.

In the present invention, the shape of the reinforcing member 200 that can be applied is derived as shown in FIG. 7 by technically simulating the shapes of various animals and plants by applying the natural simulation technique. In order to confirm the effect of improving the wear resistance performance by the corresponding shapes, the shear energy acting on the surface of each specimen was measured and compared using the wear analysis method through the discrete element method (DEM). The shear energy is a value obtained by multiplying the shear force generated by contact with the wear particles and the movement distance, which can be considered the same concept as the amount of wear. can judge In FIG. 5A, the convex structure is for the reinforcement member 200 for reinforcement reinforcement on the bottom plate 110 of the bucket 100, and the concave structure is for the surface shape of the tooth 300 for the bucket 100. .

When performing wear analysis through the discrete element method, a simplified analysis model was constructed such that the specimen passes between the particles so that contact with the particles occurs due to movement of the specimen, such as in the excavation operation, as shown in FIG. 8 .

The test conditions of the discrete element method performed in the present invention are as shown in Table 1 below, and each specimen proceeded at a speed of 0.4 m/s in the X-axis direction with respect to the particles.

	particle	Psalter
Diameter(mm)	10	-
Number of particles	~6x10 5	-
Density(kg/m 3 )	2,300	7,850
Poisson ratio	0.3	0.3
Young's modulus	2,500	200,000
Viscosity	0.25	0.3
Dynamic friction coefficient	0.25	0.3
Rolling friction coefficient	0.25	0.3

9 is a shear energy measurement result obtained through the above-described discrete element method analysis model using the specimens of FIG. 7 . 9, it can be confirmed that the shear energy acting on the surface of the convex structure of a7 in which the wedge-shaped protrusions 220 protruding in the opposite direction to the moving direction (X-axis direction) of the specimen are spaced apart from each other at regular intervals is the smallest. can It can be seen that this is a significantly lower value than S, which is a flat structure. In addition, as shown in b3, it can be confirmed that the surface of the concave structure in the direction of the specimen has the smallest shear energy among the concave structures, and it can be confirmed that the shear energy is lower than that of S, which is a flat structure.

10 shows the results of deriving the shear energy based on the surface wear analysis using the discrete element method for the a7, a8 and S specimens. When comparing the wear level in a way that is expressed in different colors depending on the shear energy level applied to the specimen, in the case of the flat plate (S), the entire area turns green and wear occurs evenly, whereas the protruding reinforcement such as a7, a8 When the member is formed, wear is observed only in the front part and the reinforcing member, and it can be seen that the wear is reduced overall.

Such a result is due to the difference in particle behavior while the specimen moves through the particles, and the particles are trapped between the reinforcing members, and the trapped particles interfere with subsequent particles and contact of the specimen. On the other hand, although not shown in the drawings, in the present invention, an experiment was conducted to check the behavior of particles due to penetration of the specimen by varying the color of the particles according to the rainbow color from red to purple for each section, and the above-mentioned trapped particles In the experiment in which the particles were different for each section, and these particles penetrate the specimen in the order from red to purple, a large number of initially located red particles among the particles of various colors were observed, and the initially trapped particles did not escape. It was confirmed that the effect was well expressed by being maintained.

In contrast to the a8, in which a reinforcing member in a protruding form is formed on a flat plate, which can be called the conventional method, a reinforcing member in a protruding form is formed on the flat plate used in the present invention, and a wedge-shaped protrusion 220 is added to the reinforcing member. In the form of a7 formed with , the protective effect by the particle flow in the above-described manner is stronger, and a wear reduction effect of 10% or more can be additionally obtained.

In order to compare the effect of improving the wear resistance performance when the a7 and a8 shapes described above are applied to the bucket, wear analysis using the discrete element method was performed, and the results are shown in FIG. 11 . The result of applying the shape of the present invention in which a wedge-shaped protrusion 220 is formed on the reinforcing member as shown in FIG. Compared with , a 27% reduction in wear per unit area was obtained. In the implementation of the shape of the reinforcing member having the wedge-shaped protrusion of the present invention applied to the bucket in FIG. As the amount of reinforcing member is used less than 35%, the effect can be said to be greater.

11 (b), a wedge-shaped protrusion 220 was formed on the reinforcing member, while a wedge-shaped concave portion 230 was formed in the opposite direction. This is to minimize the amount of iron plate used. This is to prevent loss of the iron plate for the formation of the wedge-shaped protrusion 220 during cutting. That is, the presence or absence of the concave portion 230 may not significantly affect the occurrence of the effect of improving the wear resistance performance according to the present invention, but the opposite side of the cut portion for forming the wedge-shaped protrusion 220 is the concave portion 230 of the reinforcing member. ) as a forming surface to minimize the cost increase caused by the amount of steel used. It can be seen that even when the concave portion 230 of a certain size or less is formed, a decrease in wear resistance does not occur as shown in FIG. 8(b) .

As described above, the bucket 100 for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention is provided with a plurality of reinforcing members 200 spaced apart from each other in the front-rear direction on the bottom plate part 110 while improving the abrasion resistance of the bucket 100. An increase in weight can be minimized, and there is an effect that productivity can be improved through this.

The following will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings for the teeth 300 installed at the tip for improving the wear-resistance life of the bucket 100 for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention.

12 is a photograph showing a tooth 300 applied to the bucket 100 for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a tooth applied to the bucket 100 for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention. It is a view showing 300, and FIG. 14 is a view showing a cross-section taken along line A-A' in FIG. 13. Referring to FIG.

The tooth 300 applied to the bucket 100 for excavation of the present invention may be detachably installed through the adapter 150 to the lip portion 140 of the bucket 100 as shown in FIG. 2, but is not necessarily limited thereto. It is self-evident that it may be formed integrally. The tooth 300 proposed in the present invention can improve the abrasion resistance by applying the concave structure of b3 of FIG.

Hereinafter, for the tooth 300 according to various embodiments of the present invention, a direction coupled with the adapter 150 may be described as 'rear', and a direction opposite to this may be described as 'front'. In addition, in the state in which the bucket 100 is placed as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 , the direction in which the ground faces the bucket 100 may be described as 'upward', and the opposite direction may be described as 'downward'.

12 to 16 , the tooth 300 proposed in the present invention includes a coupling hole 311 for coupling with the adapter 150 on the rear end side, and at least a portion of the adapter 150 is inserted. It may include a coupling part 310 in which the groove 312 is formed, and an excavation part 320 extending from the coupling part 310 to a front by a predetermined length to perform an excavation operation.

The excavation part 320 includes a lower surface portion 330 in which a stepped groove 340 to be described later is formed, a side portion 370 formed on both sides of the lower surface portion 330 , and both side portions 370 opposite to the lower surface portion 330 . It may include an upper surface portion 360 formed therebetween. In addition, contact surfaces 381 and 382 may be formed on the front portion 380 of the excavation unit 320 .

According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the gap between the both side portions 370 of the excavation unit 320 may be formed to become narrower toward the front. The lower surface part 330 of the excavation part 320 has a horizontal part 335 horizontally formed in the center extending in the front-rear direction, and is inclined upward toward both side parts 370 based on the horizontal part 335 . can be

Referring to FIG. 13 , in the lower surface 330 of the excavation unit 320 , a pair of first stepped grooves 341 and a first stepped groove are formed from the horizontal portion 335 toward both side portions 370 from side to side. A pair of second stepped grooves 342 formed in front of the 341 and formed left and right from the horizontal portion 335 toward the side surface portions 370 may be formed. The first stepped groove 341 and the second stepped groove 342 may be formed symmetrically left and right for manufacturing convenience, but is not limited thereto. Each of the stepped grooves 341 and 342 is a step through a first stepped surface 351 adjacent to the horizontal portion 335 and a second stepped surface 352 adjacent to the side portion 370 when viewed from above as shown in FIG. 10B . may be formed.

In one embodiment, when viewed from below, the angle e1 between the first stepped surface 351 and the second stepped surface 352 may be 135 degrees or more and 145 degrees or less. In addition, the angle e2 between the second stepped surface 352 and the side surface may be formed to be 30 degrees or more and 40 degrees or less. These first stepped grooves 341 and second stepped grooves 342 are to facilitate the flow of particles rubbing against the surface during excavation work, and if the first stepped surface 351 and the second stepped surface 352 are If the angle (e1) and the angle (e2) between the second step surface 352 and the side surface are formed outside the above range, the excavation part 320 by the flow of particles during excavation is protected by the particles. The wear effect can be reduced.

However, it is self-evident that at least one pair of stepped grooves 340 formed on the lower surface of the excavation unit 320 may be formed, and a plurality of stepped grooves 340 may be formed according to the length of the excavation unit 320 . do.

Meanwhile, referring to FIG. 13 , when viewed from the side portion 370 , the lower surface 330 of the excavation unit 320 is curved to have a first curvature, and the upper surface portion 360 is curved to have a second curvature. can be formed. At this time, assuming a virtual plane horizontal to the end face of the coupling part 310 at the point of the front part 380 of the excavation part 320 farthest from the end face of the coupling part 310, the corresponding virtual surface When the line viewed from the side is taken as the reference line, the extension line of the first curve 330a corresponding to the curvature of the lower surface part 330 and the second curve 360a corresponding to the curvature of the upper surface part 360 as shown in FIG. 15 . The angle e3 between the tangents at each contact point that meets the reference line of the front part 380 of the excavation part 320 may be formed in a range of 10 to 25 degrees. If the angle (e3) between the two tangents is formed to be less than 10 degrees, the thickness in the vertical direction of the front end of the excavation part 320 becomes too thin. The risk of destruction increases, and when the angle (e1) between the two tangents is formed to exceed 25 degrees, the thickness of the front part 380 of the excavation part 320 is too thick, so that the excavation resistance becomes excessively large, thereby reducing work efficiency.

Referring to FIG. 16 , the lower surface portion 360 of the excavation unit 320 may be formed to be concave downwardly toward the central portion from both side portions 370 . A cross section perpendicular to the front-rear direction in a predetermined section of the front part 380 of the excavation part 320 may be formed in a crescent shape that is generally opened upward. In one embodiment, a certain section of the lower end of the cross section of the crescent shape may be formed as a straight section.

The front part 380 of the excavation part 320 has a first contact surface 381 that is bent upwardly vertically from the front end of the lower surface part 330 and a second contact surface that is bent downward toward the front from the front end of the upper surface part 360 . (382).

As described above, the shape of the excavation part 320 is simulating the toenails of moles, and in the present invention, a plurality of stepped grooves 340 are provided on the lower surface 330 and the excavation part 320 by the flow of particles. At the same time, the wear resistance is improved through the protection effect, and the lower surface 330 of the excavation part 320 is curved to have a curvature when viewed from the side part, and the upper surface part 360 is concave to form a crescent in cross section. It is possible to improve abrasion resistance and excavation performance by minimizing frictional resistance with the ground by providing this.

In the present invention, the shape of the excavation tooth 300 with improved wear resistance performance was derived by technically simulating the shape of animals and plants digging the ground by applying the natural simulation technique. Wear analysis was performed using the discrete element method.

The analysis evaluated the amount of wear occurring in the excavation work by measuring the shear energy generated when the specimen in the form of a simplified tooth 300 penetrates the particles, and the evaluation target is symmetrical based on the penetration direction as shown in FIG. A tooth specimen with a shape and asymmetrical shape was used.

From the evaluation result shown in FIG. 21 , it can be seen that when the tooth has an asymmetric shape with respect to the penetration direction and the angle between the upper and lower surfaces of the tooth 300 and the penetration direction is smaller, the lower the amount of wear. This means that the smaller the angle formed with the workpiece during excavation work, the more advantageous it is to wear, and in particular, it is more preferable to have one side parallel to the excavation direction than to form both sides at a constant angle in terms of reducing wear.

In order to confirm the effect of forming a stepped surface for reducing wear on the surface of the tooth 300, a step groove 340 of various shapes is formed on the upper surface of the tooth 300 having an asymmetric shape according to the analysis result described above. Analysis was performed and the results are shown in FIG. 22 . 22, it can be seen that the formation of an appropriate stepped groove 340 shows a lower amount of wear than the absence of the stepped groove 340, and the result of the lowest wear amount of the specimen having the stepped groove 340 in the shape of a snake scale was shown.

Based on the analysis results described above, an embodiment of the tooth 300 having an asymmetric shape and a stepped groove 340 was derived by applying a natural simulation technique. The tooth 300 has a certain curvature such that its lower surface is parallel to the penetration direction during excavation, and accordingly, the upper surface has a crescent-shaped cross-section to secure structural rigidity. Additionally, a stepped groove 340 in the shape of a snake scale is provided to reduce wear of the lower surface.

17 is a result of analyzing the friction acting on the surface of the tooth 300 of this embodiment through the discrete element method, and FIG. 18 is a graph obtained by calculating the wear-resistance life of the tooth 300 using [Table 2] below. .

item	Comparative Example 1	Comparative Example 2	Example	Comparative Example 3
Shear Energy	96.7	95.3	88.1	106.6
Area	107.1	98.8	111.9	107.9
Wear Rate	90.3	96.5	78.7	98.8
Body Length	125	130	142	140
Volume	90.0	98.1	101.0	120.3
Effective Life Constant	93.8	106.3	119.5	140.4
Wear Life	103.9	110.2	151.7	142.1

Here, the wear rate was calculated by dividing the shear energy by the area, and the effective life constant was calculated by multiplying the body length by the volume.

17 and 18 and [Table 2], in the case of the tooth 300 according to various embodiments of the present invention, the wear rate was 78.7, it was confirmed that it was lowered by up to 20% compared to the comparative examples, As shown in FIG. 18 , it was confirmed that the wear life was also improved by 50% or more compared to the target value.

As described above, the bucket 100 for excavation according to various embodiments of the present invention minimizes the increase in weight through the reinforcement member 200 having the protrusions 220 and the depressions 230 at regular intervals while minimizing the weight increase. It is possible to improve the wear resistance performance of the plate part 110, and to improve the wear resistance performance of the tooth 300 by providing a stepped groove 340 made of stepped surfaces 351 and 352 formed at a constant angle on the upper surface of the tooth 300. At the same time, it is possible to improve the excavation performance by forming it to have a crescent-shaped cross section.

In the above, even though it has been described that all the components constituting the embodiment of the present invention operate by being combined or combined into one, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this embodiment. That is, within the scope of the object of the present invention, all the components may operate by selectively combining one or more. In addition, terms such as 'include', 'comprise' or 'have' described above mean that the corresponding component may be inherent unless otherwise stated, so other components are excluded. Rather, it should be construed as being able to further include other components. All terms, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Terms commonly used, such as those defined in the dictionary, should be interpreted as being consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art, and are not interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

The above description is merely illustrative of the technical spirit of the present invention, and various modifications and variations will be possible without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention should be construed by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent range should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. In the tooth for excavation coupled to the bucket,

   It includes a coupling part coupled to the bucket and an excavation part for performing an excavation operation,

   The excavation portion includes a horizontal portion extending in the front and rear directions at the center of the lower surface portion and at least one or more stepped grooves formed from the horizontal portion toward the side portion,

   The stepped groove is a first stepped surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and a second stepped surface formed adjacent to the side portion at a predetermined angle with the first stepped surface and is formed to be stepped through the tooth for excavation.
2. According to claim 1,

   The angle between the first stepped surface and the second stepped surface is formed in the range of 135˚ to 145˚, and the angle between the second stepped surface and the side part is formed in the range of 30˚ to 40˚.
3. According to claim 1,

   The upper surface portion of the excavation part is formed to be concave downward toward the center from the side part for excavation tooth.
4. 4. The method of claim 3,

   When viewed from the side of the excavation part, the angle between the tangent of the first curve formed by the curvature corresponding to the curvature of the upper surface part and the tangent of the second curve formed by the curvature corresponding to the curvature of the lower surface part is 10˚ to 25˚ An excavation tooth formed by a range.
5. According to claim 1,

   A cross section perpendicular to the front and rear directions of the excavation part is an excavation tooth formed in a crescent shape that is opened upward.
6. 6. The method of claim 5,

   At least some section of the upper end or lower end of the crescent shape is a tooth for excavation formed in a straight section.
7. In the excavation bucket having a tooth coupled to the tip,

   The tooth includes a coupling part coupled to the bucket and an excavation part for performing an excavation operation,

   The excavation portion includes a horizontal portion extending in the front-rear direction at the center of the lower surface portion and at least one stepped groove formed on the left and right from the horizontal portion toward the side portion,

   The step groove is a first step surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and the first step surface at a predetermined angle and is formed to be stepped through a second step surface formed adjacent to the side portion.
8. 8. The method of claim 7,

   The angle between the first stepped surface and the second stepped surface is formed in the range of 135˚ to 145˚, and the angle between the second stepped surface and the side part is in the range of 30˚ to 40˚.

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