WO2021174999A1

WO2021174999A1 - Intelligent steel rail dressing and grinding device

Info

Publication number: WO2021174999A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/000036
Authority: WO
Inventors: 刘冬彬; 刘泓霄; 毛文韬
Original assignee: 唐山昆铁科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-03-06
Filing date: 2021-03-05
Publication date: 2021-09-10
Also published as: EP4116487A1; CN111188233A; EP4116487A4

Abstract

An intelligent steel rail dressing and grinding device. The whole device is composed of a traveling vehicle, a profile detection system, a mileage system, a grinding swing arm mechanism, a single chip microcomputer, a PLC control system and an electric control cabinet. After the traveling vehicle enters a grinding operation area, the steel rail profile is detected in real time during the traveling, the PLC control system automatically adjusts, according to data provided by the single chip microcomputer, the position and posture of each grinding swing arm mechanism, grinding is performed according to a preset steel rail profile, the grinding quality of a steel rail is evaluated by means of the rear profile detection system, and in combination with position information provided by the mileage system, grinding operation data is pushed point by point, significantly improving the grinding quality, efficiency and automation degree. The device can not only perform multi-station automatic profile grinding on a steel rail on a track, but also detect the steel rail profile grinding quality in real time, and has the functions of synchronous detection, automatic profiling, multi-head grinding and real-time evaluation.

Description

Intelligent rail dressing and grinding equipment

Technical field

The invention relates to a railway maintenance machine, in particular to an intelligent rail trimming and polishing equipment used for multi-station automatic contour polishing of rails on a line and having the function of real-time detection of rail contour polishing quality.

Background technique

After the rails on the railway line have been rolled to a certain extent, their contours will change, and the geometric relationship between the wheel sets and the rails will deteriorate, which will damage the smoothness of operation and the service life of the rails. Therefore, since the speed of my country's railways has been increased, the railway department has attached great importance to the contour polishing of the rails. The current contour polishing mainly uses small-scale grinders, which have low efficiency and poor accuracy; dispatching large-scale polishing trains is too costly and is not suitable for local operations. The invention can effectively solve the problem.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, thereby providing an intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment with functions of synchronous detection, automatic profiling, multi-head polishing, and real-time evaluation.

The present invention solves the problem, and the technical solution adopted is:

An intelligent rail trimming and polishing equipment, including a traveling car, a profile detection system, a mileage system, a polishing swing arm mechanism, a single-chip microcomputer, a PLC control system and an electric control cabinet; the profile detection system is set on the car body of the traveling car, It is composed of multiple laser displacement sensors arranged at several characteristic points on the top surface of the rail. Each laser displacement sensor is connected to the single-chip microcomputer to continuously transmit the distance value detected to the corresponding characteristic point on the top surface of the rail to the single-chip microcomputer; the mileage system is set in walking One end of the car body is composed of a rotary encoder linked with the wheel and an industrial camera. The rotary encoder is used to record the number of turns of the wheel, and the industrial camera is used to collect milestone images. The rotary encoder and industrial camera are respectively connected to the single-chip microcomputer through the single-chip microcomputer. Push the position information of the equipment; the grinding swing arm mechanism is provided with N and corresponding two steel rails are arranged on both sides of the car body of the trolley, and the grinding swing arm mechanism is respectively provided for driving the lifting, traversing, deflection, and locking of the grinder Tight stepping motor and inclination sensor for detecting the lifting and deflection angle of the grinder, and displacement sensor for detecting the lateral movement of the grinder. The driver of each stepping motor is connected to the PLC control system, the inclination sensor and the displacement sensor It is connected with the single-chip microcomputer to provide the position and attitude information of the grinder from three dimensions. The electric control cabinet is equipped with a current variable sensor connected to the single-chip microcomputer to provide the single-chip microcomputer with load current change information of the grinder; the single-chip microcomputer and PLC control The system connection provides instruction basis for the PLC control system. The PLC control system controls all the movement, adjustment, and polishing of the equipment according to the instructions provided by the single-chip microcomputer.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopting the above technical solution has the following outstanding features:

① This device can not only perform multi-position automatic profile grinding of rails on the line, but also detect the quality of rail profile grinding in real time. It has the functions of synchronous detection, automatic profiling, multi-head grinding, and real-time evaluation.

②Compared with small grinders, it is in grinding accuracy. In terms of efficiency, it has a cross-generation advantage; in terms of profile polishing, the advantage is more significant.

③Compared with polished trains, it has the characteristics of compact structure, flexible operation and high cost-effectiveness ratio. It is suitable for independent use by the first-level construction unit of the railway bureau's work section.

As a preference, a further technical solution of the present invention is:

The car body is an I-shaped structure. The two steel rails on both sides of the car body are respectively equipped with 1/2N grinding swing arm mechanisms. The car body and the box of the grinding swing arm mechanism form a composite structure of I-beam and box girder; Both ends of the car body are equipped with power wheelsets: the motors of the wheelsets are connected to the same frequency converter, which can jointly drive the car body and realize stepless speed regulation and synchronous operation. The car body is rigidly connected to one of the wheelsets, and The other wheel set is hinged to ensure that the four wheel sets are in good contact with the steel rail under any circumstances, and all units of the equipment are carried by the car body.

A set of contour detection systems are installed at the front and rear ends of the car body. The front contour detection system is used to detect the rail profile before polishing, and the rear contour detection system is used to detect the rail profile after polishing.

The laser displacement sensors of the contour detection system are arranged centripetally with the point on the rail midline below the top surface of the rail as the center of the circle. All laser displacement sensors are installed in a frame processed by CNC machine tools to ensure the correct position. The frame is fixed and installed on the car body. superior.

A base plate is fixedly installed on the car body. The base plate is equipped with an arc guide rail, a rack sliding stepping motor, a pressing wheel and an arc rack. The drive of the rack sliding stepping motor is connected to the PLC control system, and the rack sliding step The drive gear of the incoming motor meshes with the arc-shaped rack. The arc-shaped rack is tightly attached to the substrate through the pressing wheel and can slide along the arc-shaped guide under the drive of the drive gear of the rack sliding stepping motor. The laser displacement sensor is uniform Arranged on the curved rack; when working, the rack sliding stepper motor drives the curved rack for every angle unit, the laser displacement sensor collects and uploads the measurement data corresponding to the characteristic points, and controls the rack sliding through the PLC control system The stepping motor drives the arc-shaped rack to rotate back and forth according to the set angle unit and continuously upload the collected measurement data of multiple corresponding characteristic points to the single-chip microcomputer.

The grinding swing arm mechanism is composed of a grinder, a grinder base, a swing arm and a frame body. The grinder is fixedly installed on the grinder base, and the grinder base is slidably mounted on the swing arm, and the rear end of the swing arm is hinged by a shaft On the frame body, the frame body is fixedly installed on the car body; the stepping motor includes a lifting stepping motor used to drive the swing arm to rotate around the shaft, and a traverse step used to drive the grinder base to slide on the swing arm Into the motor, the deflection stepper motor used to drive the deflection of the grinder base and the locking stepper motor used to lock the grinder base.

The lifting stepper motor is fixedly installed on the frame. The driving shaft of the lifting stepper motor is connected to the swing arm through the first ball screw pair. By driving the first roller screw pair to drive the swing arm to rotate around the shaft, the grinder is then driven. The grinder on the machine base is raised and lowered, and the first inclination sensor is installed on the swing arm, which is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the rotation angle information of the swing arm.

The swing arm is in a box-shaped structure. The traverse stepping motor is fixedly installed in the box of the swing arm. A second ball screw pair is also arranged in the box. One end of the second ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the traverse stepping motor. The other end of the screw is installed in the box through the bearing seat. The grinder base is set on the sliding nut of the second ball screw pair. The sliding nut is equipped with a pull-rope displacement sensor, which is used to provide the grinder to the single-chip microcomputer. Radius change information when rotating around the axis of rotation; the traverse stepping motor drives the screw of the second ball screw pair to rotate, and drives the grinder base on the sliding nut to move laterally.

The deflection stepping motor is fixedly installed on the box body, and a first locking hexagonal shaft is arranged outside the box. The driving shaft of the deflection stepping motor is connected to the first locking hexagonal shaft through the deflection driving gear, the deflection driven gear/hexagonal sleeve , Used to drive the rotation of the first locking hexagonal shaft, the first locking hexagonal shaft is fixedly connected with a worm, the sliding nut is equipped with a turbine matched with the worm through a positioning bolt, the grinder base is fixedly installed on the turbine, and the grinder A second inclination sensor is installed on the seat to provide the single-chip microcomputer with information on the deflection angle of the grinder; the deflection stepper motor drives the first locking hexagonal shaft and the worm to rotate to drive the deflection of the grinder base on the turbine.

The locking stepper motor is fixedly installed on the box body. A second locking hexagonal shaft is arranged outside the box body. The driving shaft of the locking stepper motor is locked by locking the driving gear, locking the driven gear/hexagonal sleeve and the second lock. The tight hexagonal shaft connection is used to drive the rotation of the second locking hexagonal shaft. The second locking hexagonal shaft is fixedly connected with a double-headed screw. A tension screw is arranged between the inclined nuts, and the double-headed screw is connected with the sliding nut through the tension screw. An inclined sliding block that cooperates with the two inclined nuts is arranged between the double-headed screw and the box body; the locking stepping motor drives the second Lock the hexagonal shaft and the double-headed screw to rotate, drive the two inclined nuts to move toward each other along the inclined sliding block, and lock the gap between the grinder and the swing arm box through the tension screw, thereby realizing the locking of the grinder base.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the left side structure of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the right side view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the section A-A in Fig. 1;

5 is a schematic top view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic bottom view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the hinged connection between the vehicle body and the wheelset in Example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of FIG. 7;

Figure 9 is a schematic front view of the structure of the grinding swing arm mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic top view of the structure of the grinding swing arm mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a partial enlarged structure in the direction of K in FIG. 10;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the B-B cross-sectional structure in Fig. 11;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinder for grinding steel rails in Example 1 of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a block diagram of the control system of the first embodiment of the present invention;

15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the profile detection system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser displacement sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a profile detection system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

18 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of the structure of FIG. 17;

In the picture: car body A; industrial camera B; rear profile detection system C; rear wheelset D; polishing monitoring camera E; task lighting F; front wheelset G; front profile detection system H ; Driving camera I; Driving lights J; Silent diesel generator set K; First electric control cabinet L; Second electric control cabinet M; N; Rotary encoder O; Industrial control display P; Video display R; Box S ; Current variable sensor U; Lifting stepping motor VI; Traverse stepping motor V2; Deflection stepping motor V3; Locking stepping motor V4; First inclination sensor W; Second inclination sensor X; Pull rope displacement sensor Y; Swing arm Z;

The first roller screw pair 1; the grinder base 2; the frame body 3; the sliding nut 4; the turbine 5; the worm gear housing 6; the worm 7; the locking driving gear 8; the locking driven gear/hexagonal sleeve 9; The second locking hexagonal shaft 10; the double-ended screw 11; the tension screw 12; the inclined nut 13; the inclined sliding block 14; the deflection driving gear 15; the deflection driven gear/hexagonal sleeve 16; the first locking hexagonal shaft 17; grinder 18; Cup grinding wheel 19; Lead screw 20; Base plate 21; Press wheel 22; Rack sliding stepping motor 23; Drive gear 24; Curved rack 25; Curved guide rail 26; Laser displacement sensor 27; Frame 28.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, and the purpose is only to better understand the content of the present invention. Therefore, the examples cited do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

Refer to Figure 1 to Figure 16, an intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment, including a traveling car, profile detection system, mileage system, polishing swing arm mechanism, single-chip microcomputer, PLC control system and electric control cabinet.

The car body A of the traveling car is an I-shaped structure. The two steel rails on both sides of the car body A are respectively equipped with 6 grinding swing arm mechanisms. The car body A and the box j of the grinding swing arm mechanism form an I-beam and a box. The composite structure of the beam; the front and rear ends of the car body A are respectively equipped with a power front wheel set G and a rear wheel set D; the motor is controlled by the same frequency converter, which can jointly drive the car body A and realize stepless speed regulation And synchronous operation, car body A is rigidly connected to one of the wheel sets and hinged to the other wheel set to ensure that the 4 wheel sets are in good contact with the rails under any circumstances. All units of the equipment are composed of the car body A bearer.

The profile detection system is composed of 12 laser displacement sensors 27 arranged along the center line of the rail, 60mm below the top surface of the rail, with a radius of 300mm, and centripetal arrangement. Each laser displacement sensor 27 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer. The sensor 27 continuously detects the distance from the top of the rail to the corresponding feature point, and the measured value is continuously transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer to generate the profile figure of the top of the detected rail, which is used to compare with the standard rail profile stored in the single-chip microcomputer to obtain the error value; All laser displacement sensors 27 are installed in a frame 28 machined by a CNC machine tool to ensure the correct position. The frame 28 is fixedly installed on the car body A; the front and rear ends of the car body A are respectively equipped with a set of contour detection systems, and the front contour The detection system H detects the rail profile error value before polishing through the single-chip microcomputer, and the post-contour detection system C detects the quality of the rail after polishing through the single-chip microcomputer.

The mileage system is set at the end of the vehicle body A of the walking car, and consists of a rotary encoder O linked to the wheels and an industrial camera B. The rotary encoder O is used to record the travel corresponding to the number of turns of the wheel, and the industrial camera B is used to collect milestones. Image to determine the mileage of the device on the line, and eliminate the error caused by the wheel sliding of the rotary encoder O. The rotary encoder O and the industrial camera B are connected to the single-chip microcomputer respectively, and the two work together to provide accurate position information of the device;

There are 12 grinding swing arm mechanisms and the corresponding two rails are arranged on both sides of the car body A of the trolley. The grinding swing arm mechanisms are respectively provided with stepping motors and The inclination sensor used to detect the lifting and deflection angle of the grinder and the displacement sensor used to detect the lateral displacement of the grinder, the driver of each stepping motor is connected to the PLC control system, and the inclination sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to the single-chip microcomputer respectively. Three dimensions provide the single-chip microcomputer with position and posture information of the grinder. The electric control cabinet is provided with a current variable sensor U connected to the single-chip microcomputer to provide the single-chip microcomputer with load current change information of the grinder;

The grinding swing arm mechanism is composed of a grinder 18, a grinder base 2, a swing arm Z and a frame 3. The grinder 18 uses a Y100-2 motor, and the grinder 18 is fixedly installed on the grinder base 2. The grinder base 2Slidably mounted on the swing arm Z, the rear end of the swing arm Z is hinged on the frame body 3 through the rotating shaft, and the frame body 3 is fixedly installed on the car body A; the stepping motor includes a lift for driving the swing arm Z to rotate around the rotating shaft Stepping motor VI, traverse stepping motor V2 for driving the grinder base 2 to slide on the swing arm Z, deflection stepping motor V3 for driving the deflection of the grinder base 2, and for locking the grinding wheel The locking stepper motor V4 of frame 2; these four stepper motors are controlled by PLC level.

The lifting stepping motor V1 is fixedly installed on the frame 3, and the driving shaft of the lifting stepping motor V1 is connected to the swing arm Z through the first ball screw pair 1, and the swing arm Z is driven around by driving the first roller screw pair 1 The rotating shaft rotates to drive the grinder 18 on the grinder base 2 up and down. A first inclination sensor W is installed on the swing arm Z to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the rotation angle information of the swing arm Z.

The swing arm Z has a box-shaped structure. The traverse stepping motor V2 is fixedly installed in the box of the swing arm Z. A second ball screw pair is also arranged in the box. One end of the screw 20 of the second ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the horizontal Move the drive shaft of the stepping motor V2, the other end of the screw 20 is installed in the box through the bearing housing, the grinder base 2 is set on the sliding nut 4 of the second ball screw pair, and the sliding nut 4 is installed with the rope displacement The sensor Y is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with information about the radius change when the grinder 18 rotates and rises around the shaft; the traverse stepping motor V2 drives the screw 20 of the second ball screw pair to rotate, and drives the grinder base on the sliding nut 4 2 Lateral movement.

The deflection stepping motor V3 is fixedly installed on the box body. A first locking hexagonal shaft 17 is provided outside the box body. The driving shaft of the deflection stepping motor V3 passes through the deflection driving gear 15; the deflection driven gear/hexagonal sleeve 16 and the first The locking hexagonal shaft 17 is connected and used to drive the first locking hexagonal shaft 17 to rotate. The first locking hexagonal shaft 17 is fixedly connected to a worm 7, and the sliding nut 4 is equipped with a worm wheel 5 and a grinding wheel through a positioning bolt. The machine base 2 is fixedly installed on the turbine 5, the grinder base 2 is equipped with a turbine housing 6 that covers the turbine 5, and the grinder 2 is equipped with a second inclination sensor X, which is used to provide a grinding wheel to the single-chip microcomputer. Information about the deflection angle of the machine 18; the deflection stepping motor V3 drives the rotation of the first locking hexagonal shaft 17 and the worm 7 to drive the grinder base 2 on the turbine 5 to deflect.

The locking stepping motor V4 is fixedly installed on the box body, and the second locking hexagonal shaft 10 is arranged outside the box body. The driving shaft of the locking stepping motor V4 is locked by locking the driving gear 8; locking the driven gear/hexagonal sleeve 9 is connected with the second locking hexagonal shaft 10 for driving the second locking hexagonal shaft 10 to rotate. The second locking hexagonal shaft 10 is fixedly connected with a double-headed screw 11, and the double-headed screw 11 is provided with threads with opposite rotation directions. And two beveled nuts 13 are installed, a tension screw 12 is arranged between the two beveled nuts 13, the double-headed screw 11 is connected to the sliding nut 4 through the tensioned screw 12, and there are two The inclined plane slide block 14 matched with the inclined plane nut 13; the locking stepping motor V4 drives the second locking hexagonal shaft 10 and the double-headed screw 11 to rotate, and drives the two inclined plane nuts 13 to move toward each other along the inclined plane sliding block 14 through the tension screw 12 The gap between the grinder 18 and the swing arm Z box is locked, so as to realize the locking of the grinder base 2.

The electric control cabinet includes a first electric control cabinet L and a second electric control cabinet M which are arranged inside and outside the cab. The single-chip computer hardware part is installed in the second electric control cabinet M, and a variety of data streams are integrated into the data storage module of the single-chip microcomputer. Including: (1) rail profile detection information provided by the profile detection system; (2) fixed-point information provided by the mileage system; (3) embedded in the grinding mechanism, the first inclination sensor W (lift), the second inclination sensor X (Deflection) and a set of position cable movement sensor Y (transverse) provides the spatial position information of the polishing mechanism; (4) The information of the load current change of the polishing motor e provided by the current variable sensor U; there are a variety of data stored in the single-chip microcomputer The data storage module includes: (1) Standard profile of various specifications of rails; (2) Grinding the spatial position parameters of the swing arm mechanism; (3) Grinding operation mode, namely preventive grinding, repair grinding, profile ( Section) Polishing; Comprehensive processing of the above information to provide control basis for the PLC control system.

The hardware part of the PLC control system is installed in the second electric control cabinet M. Its architecture is: PLC subsystem-PLC core system-display screen; 12 PLC subsystems, each corresponding to control 4 stepping motors in a grinding swing arm mechanism, complete the lifting, lateral movement and deflection of the grinding swing arm mechanism , Locking and other actions; the display screen is composed of the industrial control display P and the video display R. The PLC core system is connected to the industrial control display P and the video display R. Through the industrial control display P and the video display R, the 12 PLC sub- System centralized control.

The car body A has a driving camera I and a driving light J in the front, which are used for video monitoring of the front of the car. The lower end of the car body A is also provided with a polishing monitoring camera E and a working light F for observing the polishing operation. A silent diesel generator set K is also installed on A, and the silent diesel generator set K provides all the power for the equipment.

In this equipment: the profile detection system uses the laser displacement sensor 27 to detect several characteristic points on the top of the rail in real time. The rail profile is generated by the single-chip microcomputer, and compared with the stored rail standard graphics, the profile error value of the rail to be polished is obtained. Provide polishing operation data; mileage system, which combines wheel-linked rotary encoder O and industrial camera B, and pushes the position information of the device through a single-chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer controls the imported rail profile information, the position and posture information of the polishing arm mechanism, and the mileage Information, grinding motor load changes and other information are processed to provide instructions for the PLC control system; the PLC control system controls all the movement, adjustment, and grinding actions of the equipment through the screen display terminal; in the swing arm type grinding mechanism, It integrates the lifting, traversing, deflection, and locking functions driven by a stepper motor, and embeds multiple displacement sensors and inclination sensors to feed back the position and posture information of the grinder 18 and the cup-shaped grinding wheel 19 to the single-chip microcomputer; The middle part of A is an I-shaped structure, with a set of self-powered wheel sets at each end, forming a four-wheel (group) drive layout. One of the wheel sets and the I-shaped structure is connected by hinge + bolt connection to ensure all The wheel set is in contact with the rail tread when walking; all the electricity is provided by the on-board silent diesel generator set K.

The working mode of the present invention is:

The first step is to hoist and enter the site;

The second step is to start the silent diesel generator set for power preparation;

The third step is to turn on the PLC control system, and the grinding and swing arm mechanisms are automatically reset;

The fourth step is to turn on the power of the grinding motor and start the grinding motors one by one;

The fifth step is to turn on the running system, and the car body gradually accelerates to a polished running speed;

The sixth step is to operate the PLC industrial control terminal to select the track type and operation mode;

The seventh step is to complete the tool setting and automatically polish;

The eighth step is to automatically detect the polishing quality and complete the evaluation;

The ninth step, hoisting and evacuation from the scene.

Example 2:

Referring to Figures 17 and 18, the difference in structure from Embodiment 1 is that there are three laser displacement sensors 27, a base plate 21 is fixedly installed on the car body A, and an arc-shaped guide rail 26 and a rack slide are respectively installed on the base plate 21. The stepping motor 23, the pressing wheel 23 and the arc-shaped rack 25, the drive of the rack sliding stepping motor 23 is connected to the PLC control system, and the driving gear 24 of the rack sliding stepping motor 23 meshes with the arc-shaped rack 25, The arc-shaped rack 25 is tightly attached to the base plate 21 through the pressing wheel 22 and can slide along the arc-shaped guide rail 26 under the drive of the drive gear 24 of the rack sliding stepping motor 24. Three laser displacement sensors 27 are embedded in the arc-shaped teeth. The bars 25 are separated by 4 angular units (1 angular unit = 8.6°); when working, the rack sliding stepping motor 24 drives the arc-shaped rack 25 for each angular unit rotation, the laser displacement sensor 27 collects Once the measurement data corresponding to the characteristic points are uploaded to the single-chip microcomputer, after rotating 4 angular units, the measurement of 12 characteristic points is completed, and then the PLC control system controls the rack sliding stepping motor 23 to realize the commutation, and proceed to the next step according to the above procedure. For wheel measurement, the rack sliding stepping motor 23 is controlled by the PLC control system to drive the arc-shaped rack 25 to rotate back and forth according to the set angle unit to continuously upload the collected measurement data of multiple corresponding characteristic points to the single-chip microcomputer.

This device can not only perform multi-position automatic profile grinding of rails on the line, but also detect the quality of rail profile grinding in real time. It has the functions of synchronous detection, automatic profiling, multi-head grinding, and real-time evaluation; It has cross-generational advantages in polishing accuracy and efficiency; in terms of contour polishing, the advantages are more significant; compared with polishing trains, it has the characteristics of compact structure, flexible operation and high cost-effectiveness ratio. It is suitable for the independent construction unit of the first-level construction unit of the railway bureau. use.

The above descriptions are only preferred and feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not therefore limited to the scope of rights of the present invention. All equivalent changes made using the content of the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are included in the scope of rights of the present invention. .

Claims

An intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment, including a traveling car, a profile detection system, a mileage system, a polishing swing arm mechanism, a single-chip microcomputer, a PLC control system, and an electric control cabinet; it is characterized by:

The profile detection system is set on the body of the traveling car and consists of multiple laser displacement sensors arranged at several characteristic points on the top surface of the rail. Each laser displacement sensor is connected to a single-chip microcomputer to detect the corresponding features on the top surface of the rail. The distance value of the point is continuously transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer;

The mileage system is set at one end of the vehicle body of the walking car, and consists of a rotary encoder linked with the wheel and an industrial camera. The rotary encoder is used to record the number of turns of the wheel, and the industrial camera is used to collect milestone images. The rotary encoder and industrial camera are connected with each other. The single-chip microcomputer is connected, and the location information of the device is pushed through the single-chip microcomputer;

The grinding swing arm mechanism is provided with N and the corresponding two steel rails are arranged on both sides of the car body. The grinding swing arm mechanism is provided with a stepping motor and a The inclination sensor used to detect the lift and deflection angle of the grinder and the displacement sensor used to detect the lateral movement of the grinder, the driver of each stepper motor is connected to the PLC control system, and the inclination sensor and the displacement sensor are connected to the single-chip microcomputer respectively. One dimension provides the position and attitude information of the grinder to the single-chip microcomputer. The electric control cabinet is equipped with a current variable sensor connected to the single-chip microcomputer to provide the single-chip microcomputer with load current change information of the grinder;

The single-chip microcomputer is connected with the PLC control system to provide instruction basis for the PLC control system. The PLC control system controls all the movement, adjustment, and polishing of the equipment according to the instructions provided by the single-chip microcomputer.
The intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the car body is an I-shaped structure, and two steel rails on both sides of the car body are respectively equipped with 1/2N grinding swing arm mechanisms. The box body of the swing arm mechanism constitutes a composite structure of I-beam and box girder; the two ends of the car body are respectively equipped with power wheel sets; the motor of the wheel set is connected to the same frequency converter, and the car body and one of the wheel sets Rigid connection, hinged to another wheelset.
The intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: a set of contour detection systems are respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the car body, the front contour detection system is used to detect the rail profile before polishing, and the rear The contour detection system is used to detect the contour of the rail after grinding.
The intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the laser displacement sensor of the profile detection system is arranged centripetally with the point on the rail midline below the top surface of the rail as the center of the circle, and all laser displacement sensors are installed In a frame processed by CNC machine tools, the frame is fixedly installed on the car body.
The intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: a base plate is fixedly installed on the car body, and an arc guide rail, a rack sliding stepping motor, a pressing wheel and an arc tooth are respectively installed on the base plate. The drive of the rack and rack sliding stepping motor is connected to the PLC control system. The drive gear of the rack sliding stepping motor meshes with the arc-shaped rack. The arc-shaped rack is tightly attached to the base plate through the pressing wheel and can be in the rack. The drive gear of the sliding stepping motor slides along the arc-shaped guide rail, and the laser displacement sensor is evenly arranged on the arc-shaped rack.
The intelligent rail dressing and grinding equipment according to claim 1, wherein the grinding swing arm mechanism is composed of a grinder, a grinder base, a swing arm and a frame, the grinder is fixedly installed on the grinder base, and the grinding wheel The machine base is slidably mounted on the swing arm, the rear end of the swing arm is hinged on the frame body through a rotating shaft, and the frame body is fixedly installed on the car body; the stepping motor includes a lifting stepping motor for driving the swing arm to rotate around the rotating shaft, A traverse stepper motor for driving the grinder base to slide on the swing arm, a deflection stepper motor for driving the deflection of the grinder base, and a locking stepper motor for locking the grinder base.
The intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: the lifting stepping motor is fixedly installed on the frame, and the driving shaft of the lifting stepping motor is connected to the swing arm through the first ball screw pair and is driven by The first roller screw pair drives the swing arm to rotate around the rotating shaft, and then drives the grinder on the grinder base to lift. The swing arm is equipped with a first inclination sensor for providing the single-chip microcomputer with the swing arm rotation angle information.
The intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: the swing arm has a box-shaped structure, the traverse stepping motor is fixedly installed in the box of the swing arm, and a second ball screw pair is also arranged in the box. , One end of the screw of the second ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the traverse stepping motor, the other end of the screw is installed in the box through a bearing seat, and the grinder frame is set on the sliding nut of the second ball screw pair. , The sliding nut is equipped with a pull rope displacement sensor, which is used to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the radius change information when the grinder rotates around the shaft; the traverse stepping motor drives the screw of the second ball screw pair to rotate, and drives the The bed of the grinder moves laterally.
The intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment according to claim 8, wherein the deflection stepping motor is fixedly installed on the box body, and the box body is provided with a first locking hexagonal shaft, and the drive shaft of the deflection stepping motor is deflected The driving gear, the deflection driven gear/hexagonal sleeve are connected with the first locking hexagonal shaft, which is used to drive the first locking hexagonal shaft to rotate. The first locking hexagonal shaft is fixedly connected with a worm, and the sliding nut is installed with and through a positioning bolt. The worm gear is matched with the turbine, the grinder base is fixedly installed on the turbine, and the second inclination sensor is installed on the grinder base to provide the single-chip microcomputer with the deflection angle of the grinder: the deflection stepper motor drives the first to lock the hexagonal shaft Rotate with the worm to drive the deflection of the grinder base on the turbine.
The intelligent rail dressing and polishing equipment according to claim 8, wherein the locking stepping motor is fixedly installed on the box body, and a second locking hexagonal shaft is arranged outside the box body to lock the drive shaft of the stepping motor Connected with the second locking hexagonal shaft by locking the driving gear, locking the driven gear/hexagonal sleeve, and driving the second locking hexagonal shaft to rotate. The second locking hexagonal shaft is fixedly connected with a double-headed screw and a double-headed screw. Screws with opposite directions are provided on the screw and two inclined nuts are installed. A tension screw is arranged between the two inclined nuts. The double-ended screw is connected with the sliding nut through the tension screw. A beveled sliding block matched with a bevel nut; the locking stepping motor drives the second locking hexagonal shaft and the double-headed screw to rotate, driving the two beveled nuts to move toward each other along the beveled sliding block, and the grinder and the swing arm are locked by the tension screw The gap between the boxes further realizes the locking of the grinder base.