WO2021173902A1 - Hla class ii-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12v mutation - Google Patents

Hla class ii-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12v mutation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021173902A1
WO2021173902A1 PCT/US2021/019775 US2021019775W WO2021173902A1 WO 2021173902 A1 WO2021173902 A1 WO 2021173902A1 US 2021019775 W US2021019775 W US 2021019775W WO 2021173902 A1 WO2021173902 A1 WO 2021173902A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seq
amino acid
acid sequence
chain
val
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2021/019775
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Noam LEVIN
Rami Yoseph
Biman C. PARIA
Steven A. Rosenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Department of Health and Human Services
Original Assignee
US Department of Health and Human Services
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Department of Health and Human Services filed Critical US Department of Health and Human Services
Priority to KR1020227033222A priority Critical patent/KR20220143939A/ko
Priority to MX2022010157A priority patent/MX2022010157A/es
Priority to US17/802,464 priority patent/US20230159614A1/en
Priority to AU2021225872A priority patent/AU2021225872A1/en
Priority to BR112022016661A priority patent/BR112022016661A2/pt
Priority to CA3169086A priority patent/CA3169086A1/en
Priority to JP2022551537A priority patent/JP7742354B2/ja
Priority to GB2212195.8A priority patent/GB2610069B/en
Priority to CN202180016761.4A priority patent/CN115244075A/zh
Priority to EP21712694.5A priority patent/EP4110804A1/en
Publication of WO2021173902A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021173902A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • C07K14/705—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
    • C07K14/70503—Immunoglobulin superfamily
    • C07K14/7051—T-cell receptor (TcR)-CD3 complex
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
    • A61K35/14—Blood; Artificial blood
    • A61K35/17—Lymphocytes; B-cells; T-cells; Natural killer cells; Interferon-activated or cytokine-activated lymphocytes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
    • A61K38/177—Receptors; Cell surface antigens; Cell surface determinants
    • A61K38/1774—Immunoglobulin superfamily (e.g. CD2, CD4, CD8, ICAM molecules, B7 molecules, Fc-receptors, MHC-molecules)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
    • A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
    • A61K39/0005—Vertebrate antigens
    • A61K39/0011—Cancer antigens
    • A61K39/001102—Receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
    • A61K39/001111—Immunoglobulin superfamily
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K14/82—Translation products from oncogenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
    • C12N15/62—DNA sequences coding for fusion proteins
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/575—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
    • G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
    • G01N33/575—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
    • G01N33/57575—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer involving oncogenic proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Definitions

  • Some cancers may have very limited treatment options, particularly when the cancer becomes metastatic and unresectable.
  • advances in treatments such as, for example, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, the prognosis for many cancers, such as, for example, pancreatic, colorectal, lung, endometrial, ovarian, and prostate cancers, may be poor. Accordingly, there exists an unmet need for additional treatments for cancer.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides an isolated or purified T-cell receptor (TCR) comprising the amino acid sequences of (a) SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, (b) SEQ ID NOs: 4-6, (c) SEQ ID NOs: 31-33, (d) SEQ ID NOs: 34-36, (e) SEQ ID NOs: 1-6, or (f) SEQ ID NOs: 31-36, wherein the TCR has antigenic specificity for a mutated human RAS amino acid sequence with a substitution of glycine at position 12 with valine, presented by a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class II molecule, and wherein the mutated human RAS amino acid sequence is a mutated human Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), a mutated human Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS), or a mutated human Neuroblastoma rat sarcoma viral oncogene homo
  • Another embodiment of the invention provides an isolated or purified polypeptide comprising a functional portion of the inventive TCR, wherein the functional portion comprises the amino acid sequences of: (a) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, (b) all of SEQ ID NOs: 4-6, (c) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-33, (d) all of SEQ ID NOs: 34-36, (e) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1- 6, or (f) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-36.
  • Still another embodiment of the invention provides an isolated or purified protein comprising at least one of the inventive polypeptides.
  • nucleic acids recombinant expression vectors, host cells, populations of cells, and pharmaceutical compositions relating to the inventive TCRs, polypeptides, and proteins.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides an isolated or purified nucleic acid comprising, from 5’ to 3’, a first nucleic acid sequence and a second nucleotide sequence, wherein the first and second nucleotide sequence, respectively, encode the amino sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8; 7 and 64; 63 and 8; 63 and 64; 7 and 65; 63 and 65; 7 and 66; 63 and 66; 8 and 7; 64 and 7; 8 and 63; 64 and 63; 65 and 7; 65 and 63; 66 and 7; 66 and 63; 129 and 8; 129 and 64; 129 and 65; 129 and 66; 8 and 129; 64 and 129; 65 and 129; 66 and 129; 130 and 8; 130 and 64; 130 and 65; 130 and 66; 8 and 130; 64; 130 and 65; 130 and 66; 8 and 130; 64; 130 and 65; 130 and 66; 8 and 130; 64; 130 and 65; 130 and 66; 8 and 130
  • Methods of detecting the presence of cancer in a mammal methods of treating or preventing cancer in a mammal, methods of inducing an immune response against a cancer in a mammal, methods of producing a host cell expressing a TCR that has antigenic specificity for the peptide of SEQ ID NO: 30, and methods of producing the inventive TCRs, polypeptides, and proteins, are further provided by embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 1 A presents flow cytometry dot plots showing cell sorting during an in vitro stimulation (IVS) protocol for selection of T cells to expand. REP is rapid expansion protocol.
  • Figure IB presents flow cytometry dot plots showing cell sorting during an in vitro stimulation (IVS) protocol after selection and expansion of the T cells as shown in Fiure 1 A.
  • Figure 1C is a graph showing the results of IFN-g ELISpot analysis on cells sorted as shown in Figure IB.
  • Figure ID is a graph showing the results of analysis for 41BB/OX40 surface marker upregulation in cells sorted as shown in Figure IB.
  • Figure 2A is a graph showing the results of IFN-g ELISpot analysis on cells co cultured with DC loaded with RAS G12V LP or RAS WT LP.
  • Figure 2B is a graph showing the results of analysis for 41BB/OX40 surface marker upregulation in cells co-cultured with DC loaded with RAS G12V LP or RAS WT LP.
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing IFN-g ELISpot and 41BB/OX40 flow cytometry assay results used to identify the MHC-II restriction element recognized by the TCR.
  • Figure 4A is a bar graph showing luciferase activity measured for a Jurkat-CD4- NFAT-Luciferase cell line and then co-cultured with DC loaded with RAS G12V , RAS WT LP, or the equivalent amount of DMSO.
  • Figures 4B and 4C are graphs showing TCR reactivity assessed by flow cytometry assay for 4-1BB and 0X40 (% 4-1BB+/OX40+) expression of CD3 + /CD8 + gated cells ( Figure 4B) or CD3 + /CD4 + gated cells ( Figure 4C). (-) is untransduced.
  • Figure 5A is a graph showing measurement of expression of 41BB and 0X40 by flow cytometry of TIL of the indicated fragments stimulated by IVS and co-cultured with autologous DC pulsed with RAS G12V LP peptide or RNA-transfected with RAS G12V FL.
  • Negative controls T cells co-cultured alone, PBL cultured with DC loaded with DMSO.
  • Positive controls PBL cultured with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibody-conjugated Dynabeads.
  • Figure 5B presents IFN-g ELISpot results used to identify the MHC-II restriction element recognized by the TIL.
  • Figure 6 presents IFN-g ELISpot results of TCRs 65-10 compared to TCR1.
  • Figures 7A-7D present graphs showing results of flow cytometry assays of 4-1BB and 0X40 (% 4-1BB+/OX40+) expression of TCR1 -transduced PBL gated to CD4 ( Figure 7A) or to CD8 ( Figure 7B) and TCR5-transduced PBLs gated to CD4 ( Figure 7C) or to CD8 ( Figure 7D).
  • Figures 7E-7G present graphs showing results of ELISPOT measurement of IFN-g secretion for TCR1 -transduced PBL enriched for CD4 cells ( Figure 7E) or CD8 cells ( Figure 7F) and TCR5 -transduced PBL separated to CD4 or CD8 cells ( Figure 7G).
  • RAS family proteins belong to the large family of small GTPases. Without being bound to a particular theory or mechanism, it is believed that, when mutated, RAS proteins may be involved in signal transduction early in the oncogenesis of many human cancers. A single amino acid substitution may activate the protein. The mutated RAS protein product may be constitutively activated. Mutated RAS proteins may be expressed in any of a variety of human cancers such as, for example, pancreatic (e.g., pancreatic carcinoma), colorectal, lung (e.g., lung adenocarcinoma), endometrial, ovarian (e.g., epithelial ovarian cancer), and prostate cancers.
  • pancreatic e.g., pancreatic carcinoma
  • lung e.g., lung adenocarcinoma
  • endometrial ovarian
  • ovarian e.g., epithelial ovarian cancer
  • prostate cancers e.g., epithelial ovarian cancer
  • the human RAS family proteins include Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS), and Neuroblastoma rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (NRAS).
  • KRAS Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
  • HRAS Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
  • NRAS Neuroblastoma rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
  • KRAS is also referred to as GTPase KRas, V-Ki-Ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene, or KRAS2.
  • KRAS variant A has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9.
  • Wild-type (WT) KRAS variant B has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 10.
  • references to “KRAS” mutated or unmutated (WT) refer to both variant A and variant B, unless specified otherwise. When activated, mutated KRAS binds to guanosine-5'- triphosphate (GTP) and converts GTP to guanosine 5 '-diphosphate (GDP).
  • GTP guanosine-5'- triphosphate
  • GDP guanosine 5 '-diphosphate
  • HRAS is another member of the RAS protein family. HRAS is also referred to as Harvey Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncoprotein, V-Ha-Ras Harvey Rat Sarcoma Viral Oncogene Homolog, or Ras Family Small GTP Binding Protein H-Ras. WT HRAS has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 11.
  • NRAS is still another member of the RAS protein family.
  • NRAS is also referred to as GTPase NRas, V-Ras Neuroblastoma RAS Viral Oncogene Homolog, or NRAS1.
  • WT NRAS has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 12.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides an isolated or purified TCR having antigenic specificity for a mutated human RAS amino acid sequence with a substitution of glycine at position 12 with valine (hereinafter, “mutated RAS”) presented by a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class II molecule, wherein the mutated human RAS amino acid sequence is a mutated human KRAS, a mutated human HRAS, or a mutated human NRAS amino acid sequence, and wherein position 12 is defined by reference to the WT human KRAS, WT human HRAS, or WT human NRAS protein, respectively.
  • mutated RAS presented by a human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class II molecule
  • HLA human leukocyte antigen
  • positions 12 is defined by reference to the WT human KRAS, WT human HRAS, or WT human NRAS protein, respectively.
  • references to a “TCR” also refer to functional portions and functional variants of the TCR, unless specified otherwise.
  • the inventive TCR may have antigenic specificity for any mutated human RAS protein, polypeptide or peptide amino acid sequence.
  • the mutated human RAS amino acid sequence is a mutated human KRAS amino acid sequence, a mutated human HRAS amino acid sequence, or a mutated human NRAS amino acid sequence.
  • the amino acid sequences of WT human KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS protein each have a length of 188-189 amino acid residues and have a high degree of identity to one another.
  • the amino acid sequence of the WT human NRAS protein is 86.8% identical to that of the WT human KRAS protein.
  • Amino acid residues 1-86 of the WT human NRAS protein and the WT human KRAS protein are 100% identical.
  • the amino acid sequence of the WT human HRAS protein is 86.3% identical to that of the WT human KRAS protein.
  • Amino acid residues 1-94 of the WT human HRAS protein and the WT human KRAS protein are 100% identical.
  • the mutated human RAS amino acid sequence comprises a WT RAS amino acid sequence with a substitution of glycine at position 12, wherein position 12 is defined by reference to the WT RAS protein, respectively.
  • the WT RAS protein may be any of WT KRAS protein (SEQ ID NO: 9 or 10), WT HRAS protein (SEQ ID NO: 11), or WT NRAS protein (SEQ ID NO: 12) because, as explained above, amino acid residues 1-86 of the WT human NRAS protein and the WT human KRAS protein are 100% identical, and amino acid residues 1-94 of the WT human HRAS protein and the WT human KRAS protein are 100% identical. Accordingly, the amino acid residue at position 12 of each of WT KRAS, WT HRAS, and WT NRAS protein is the same, namely, glycine.
  • the glycine at position 12 of the WT RAS amino acid sequence may be substituted with any amino acid residue other than glycine.
  • the substitution is a substitution of glycine at position 12 of the WT RAS amino acid sequence with valine.
  • embodiments of the invention provide TCRs with antigenic specificity for any WT RAS protein, polypeptide or peptide amino acid sequence with a G12V mutation.
  • RAS amino acid sequence e.g., a RAS peptide
  • WT RAS protein e.g., a RAS peptide
  • position 12 is defined herein by reference to the WT full-length RAS protein (namely, any one of SEQ ID NOs: 9-12) with the understanding that the actual position of the corresponding residue in a particular example of a RAS amino acid sequence may be different.
  • the positions are as defined by any one of SEQ ID NOs: 9-12, the term “G12” refers to the glycine normally present at position 12 of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 9-12, and “G12V” indicates that the glycine normally present at position 12 of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 9-12 is replaced by a valine.
  • a particular example of a RAS amino acid sequence is, e.g.,
  • G12V refers to a substitution of the underlined glycine in SEQ ID NO: 28 with valine, even though the actual position of the underlined glycine in SEQ ID NO: 28 is 11.
  • Human RAS amino acid sequences with the G12V mutation are hereinafter referred to as “G12V RAS”.
  • the TCR has antigenic specificity for a RAS peptide with the G12V mutation described above, wherein the mutated RAS peptide has any length.
  • the mutated RAS peptide has any length suitable for binding to any of the HLA Class II molecules described herein.
  • the TCR may have antigenic specificity for a RAS peptide with the G12V mutation, the RAS peptide having a length of about 24 amino acid residues.
  • the mutated RAS peptide may comprise any contiguous amino acid residues of mutated RAS protein which include the G12V mutation.
  • the TCR may have antigenic specificity for a RAS peptide with the G12V mutation, the mutated RAS peptide having a length of about 24 amino acid residues.
  • a specific peptide with the G12V which may be recognized by the inventive G12V TCR is 24-mer MTEYKLVVV GAV GV GKS ALTIQLI (SEQ ID NO: 30), of which SEQ ID NO: 27 is the WT version of the peptide.
  • the TCR has antigenic specificity for the mutated human RAS amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30.
  • the TCR does not have antigenic specificity for the wild-type human RAS amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27.
  • the 24-mer of SEQ ID NO: 30 may be processed and presented in smaller segments.
  • the inventive TCRs are able to recognize mutated RAS presented by an HLA Class II molecule.
  • the TCR may elicit an immune response upon binding to mutated RAS within the context of an HLA Class II molecule.
  • the inventive TCRs may bind to the HLA Class II molecule in addition to mutated RAS.
  • the HLA Class II molecule is an HLA-DP molecule.
  • the HLA-DP molecule is a heterodimer of an a chain (DP A) and b chain (DPB).
  • the HLA-DPA chain may be any HLA-DPA chain.
  • the HLA-DPB chain may be any HLA- DPB chain.
  • the HLA Class II molecule is a heterodimer of an HLA-DP A1 chain and an HLA-DPB 1 chain.
  • Examples of HLA-DPA1 molecules may include, but are not limited to, those encoded by the HLA-DPA1* 01:03 or 02:02 alleles.
  • HLA-DPB 1 molecules may include, but are not limited to, those encoded by the HLA-DPB1* 03:01 alleles.
  • the HLA Class II molecule is a heterodimer of an HLA-DPA1* 01:03 or 02:02 chain and an HLA-DPB 1 *03:01 chain.
  • the TCRs of the invention may provide any one or more of a variety of advantages, including when expressed by cells used for adoptive cell transfer. Mutated RAS is expressed by cancer cells and is not expressed by normal, noncancerous cells. Without being bound to a particular theory or mechanism, it is believed that the inventive TCRs advantageously target the destruction of cancer cells while minimizing or eliminating the destruction of normal, non-cancerous cells, thereby reducing toxicity. Moreover, the inventive TCRs may, advantageously, successfully treat or prevent mutated RAS-positive cancers that do not respond to other types of treatment such as, for example, chemotherapy, surgery, or radiation.
  • the RAS 012 mutations are among the most common hotspot mutations found in many cancer types. For example, the KRAS G12V mutation is expressed in about 27% and about 9% of patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancers, respectively.
  • RAS family members share the G12 hotspot mutation in different cancer types (e.g. NRAS in melanoma).
  • inventive TCRs may provide highly avid recognition of mutated RAS, which may provide the ability to recognize unmanipulated tumor cells (e.g., tumor cells that have not been treated with interferon (IFN)-y, transfected with a vector encoding one or both of mutated RAS and HLA-DPB1*03:01, pulsed with a RAS peptide with the G12V mutation, or a combination thereof).
  • IFN interferon
  • HLA- DPB1*03:01 allele is expressed in approximately 19% in the Caucasian ethnicity in the United States.
  • the inventive TCRs may increase the number of immunotherapy-eligible cancer patients to include those patients that express the HLA- DPB1*03:01 allele who may not be eligible for immunotherapy using TCRs that recognize RAS presented by other MHC molecules.
  • the inventive TCRs, polypeptides and proteins comprise human amino acid sequences, which may reduce the risk of rejection by the human immune system as compared to, e.g., TCRs, polypeptides and proteins comprising mouse amino acid sequences.
  • antigenic specificity means that the TCR can specifically bind to and immunologically recognize mutated RAS with high avidity.
  • a TCR may be considered to have “antigenic specificity” for mutated RAS if about 1 x 10 4 to about 1 x 10 5 T cells expressing the TCR secrete at least about 200 pg/mL or more (e.g., 200 pg/mL or more, 300 pg/mL or more, 400 pg/mL or more, 500 pg/mL or more, 600 pg/mL or more, 700 pg/mL or more, 1000 pg/mL or more, 5,000 pg/mL or more, 7,000 pg/mL or more, 10,000 pg/mL or more, 20,000 pg/mL or more, or a range defined by any two of the foregoing values) of IFN-yupon co-culture with (a) antigen-negative,
  • the HLA Class II molecule may be any of the HLA Class II molecules described herein (e.g., an HLA-DPB1*03:01 molecule).
  • a TCR may be considered to have “antigenic specificity” for mutated RAS if T cells expressing the TCR secrete at least twice as much IFN-g upon co-culture with (a) antigen-negative, HLA Class II molecule positive target cells pulsed with a low concentration of mutated RAS peptide or (b) antigen-negative, HLA Class II molecule positive target cells into which a nucleotide sequence encoding mutated RAS has been introduced such that the target cell expresses mutated RAS as compared to the amount of IFN-g expressed by a negative control.
  • the negative control may be, for example, (i) T cells expressing the TCR, co-cultured with (a) antigen-negative, HLA Class II molecule positive target cells pulsed with the same concentration of an irrelevant peptide (e.g., some other peptide with a different sequence from the mutated RAS peptide) or (b) antigen negative, HLA Class II molecule positive target cells into which a nucleotide sequence encoding an irrelevant peptide has been introduced such that the target cell expresses the irrelevant peptide, or (ii) untransduced T cells (e.g., derived from PBMC, which do not express the TCR) co-cultured with (a) antigen-negative, HLA Class II molecule positive target cells pulsed with the same concentration of mutated RAS peptide or (b) antigen negative, HLA Class II molecule positive target cells into which a nucleotide sequence encoding mutated RAS has been introduced such that the target cell expresses mutated RAS.
  • the HLA Class II molecule expressed by the target cells of the negative control would be the same HLA Class II molecule expressed by the target cells that are co-cultured with the T cells being tested.
  • the HLA Class II molecule may be any of the HLA Class II molecules described herein (e.g., an HLA-DPB1*03:01 molecule).
  • IFN-g secretion may be measured by methods known in the art such as, for example, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  • a TCR may be considered to have “antigenic specificity” for mutated RAS if at least twice as many of the numbers of T cells expressing the TCR secrete IFN-g upon co-culture with (a) antigen-negative, HLA Class II molecule positive target cells pulsed with a low concentration of mutated RAS peptide or (b) antigen negative, HLA Class II molecule positive target cells into which a nucleotide sequence encoding mutated RAS has been introduced such that the target cell expresses mutated RAS as compared to the numbers of negative control T cells that secrete IFN-g.
  • the HLA Class II molecule, concentration of peptide, and the negative control may be as described herein with respect to other aspects of the invention.
  • the numbers of cells secreting IFN-g may be measured by methods known in the art such as, for example, ELISPOT.
  • a TCR may be considered to have “antigenic specificity” for mutated RAS if T cells expressing the TCR upregulate expression of one or more T-cell activation markers as measured by, for example, flow cytometry after stimulation with target cells expressing mutated RAS.
  • T-cell activation markers include 4- 1BB, 0X40, CD107a, CD69, and cytokines that are upregulated upon antigen stimulation (e.g., tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-2, etc.).
  • An embodiment of the invention provides a TCR comprising two polypeptides (i.e., polypeptide chains), such as an alpha (a) chain of a TCR, a beta (b) chain of a TCR, a gamma (g) chain of a TCR, a delta (d) chain of a TCR, or a combination thereof.
  • the polypeptides of the inventive TCR can comprise any amino acid sequence, provided that the TCR has antigenic specificity for mutated RAS. In some embodiments, the TCR is non- naturally occurring.
  • the TCR comprises two polypeptide chains, each of which comprises a variable region comprising a complementarity determining region (CDR)1, a CDR2, and a CDR3 of a TCR.
  • the TCR comprises a first polypeptide chain comprising a CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 (CDR1 of a chain), a CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 (CDR2 of a chain), and a CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 (CDR3 of a chain), and a second polypeptide chain comprising a CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 (CDR1 of b chain), a CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 5 (CDR2 of b chain), and a CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 (CDR3 of b chain).
  • the TCR comprises a first polypeptide chain comprising a CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 (CDR1 of a chain), a CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32 (CDR2 of a chain), and a CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 33 (CDR3 of a chain), and a second polypeptide chain comprising a CDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34 (CDR1 of b chain), a CDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 35 (CDR2 of b chain), and a CDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 36 (CDR3 of b chain).
  • the inventive TCR can comprise any one or more of the amino acid sequences selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-6 and 31-36.
  • the TCR comprises the amino acid sequences of: (a) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, (b) all of SEQ ID NOs: 4-6, (c) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-33, (d) all of SEQ ID NOs: 34-36, (e) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6, or (f) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-36.
  • the TCR comprises the amino acid sequences of: (i) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6 or (ii) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-36.
  • the CDR3 of any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 6, 33, or 36, i.e., of the a chain or b chain or both, may further comprise a cysteine immediately N-terminal to the first amino acid of the CDR or a phenylalanine immediately C-terminal to the final amino acid or both.
  • the TCR comprises an amino acid sequence of a variable region of a TCR comprising the CDRs set forth above.
  • the TCR may comprise a human variable region, e.g., a human a chain variable region and a human b chain variable region.
  • the TCR can comprise the amino acid sequence of: SEQ ID NO: 7 (variable region of 4360 TCR1 a chain with WT N-terminal signal peptide); SEQ ID NO:
  • the TCR comprises the amino acid sequences of (i) both of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8; (ii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64; (iii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 65; (iv) both of SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 66; (v) both of SEQ ID NOs: 37 and 38; (vi) both of SEQ ID NOs: 37 and 70; (vii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 47 and 48; (viii) both of SEQ ID NOs:
  • the inventive TCRs may further comprise an a chain constant region and a b chain constant region.
  • the constant region may be derived from any suitable species such as, e.g., human or mouse.
  • the TCRs further comprise murine a and b chain constant regions or human a and b chain constant regions.
  • CDR complementarity determining region
  • An embodiment of the invention provides a chimeric TCR comprising a human variable region and a murine constant region, wherein the TCR has antigenic specificity for a mutated human RAS amino acid sequence presented by an HLA Class II molecule.
  • the murine constant region may provide any one or more advantages. For example, the murine constant region may diminish mispairing of the inventive TCR with endogenous TCRs of the host cell into which the inventive TCR is introduced. Alternatively or additionally, the murine constant region may increase expression of the inventive TCR as compared to the same TCR with a human constant region.
  • the chimeric TCR may comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19 (wild-type (WT) murine a chain constant region), SEQ ID NO: 20 (WT murine b chain constant region), the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 74 (variant murine a chain constant region), SEQ ID NO: 75 (variant murine b chain constant region), or both SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 20 or 74 and 75.
  • the inventive TCR comprises the amino acid sequences of both of SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 20 or 74 and 75.
  • the chimeric TCR may comprise any of the murine constant regions described herein in combination with any of the CDR regions as described herein with respect to other aspects of the invention.
  • the TCR may comprise the amino acid sequences of: (a) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1- 3 and 19; (b) all of SEQ ID NOs: 4-6 and 20; (c) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3 and 74; (d) all of SEQ ID NOs: 4-6 and 75; (e) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-33 and 19; (f) all of SEQ ID NOs: 34- 36 and 20; (g) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-33 and 74; (h) all of SEQ ID NOs: 34-36 and 75; (i) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6 and 19-20; (j) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6 and 74-75; (k) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-36 and 19-20; or (1) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-36 and 74-75.
  • the chimeric TCR may comprise any of the murine constant regions described herein in combination with any of the variable regions described herein with respect to other aspects of the invention.
  • the TCR e.g., may comprise the amino acid sequences of: (i) both of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 19; (ii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 129 and 19; (iii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 8 and 20; (iv) both of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 74; (v) both of SEQ ID NOs: 129 and 74; (vi) both of SEQ ID NOs: 8 and 75; (vii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 37 and 19; (viii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 38 and 20; (ix) both of SEQ ID NOs: 37 and 74; (x) both of SEQ ID NOs: 38 and 75; (xi) all of SEQ ID NOs: 7-8 and 19-20; (xii) all of SEQ
  • the TCR comprises the amino acid sequence(s) of: SEQ ID NO: 23 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region and WT N-terminal signal peptide), SEQ ID NO: 133 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region and alternate WT N-terminal signal peptide), SEQ ID NO: 24 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region and variant N-terminal signal peptide), SEQ ID NO: 39 (a chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT murine constant region and WT N-terminal signal peptide), SEQ ID NO: 40 (b chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT murine constant region and variant N-terminal signal peptide), SEQ ID NO: 51 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region and without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with IMGT), SEQ ID NO: 52 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region
  • SEQ ID NO: 96 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with substituted murine constant region and without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), SEQ ID NO: 97 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region and without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), SEQ ID NO: 98 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region and without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), SEQ ID NO: 86 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with substituted murine constant region and alternate variant N-terminal signal peptide ), SEQ ID NO: 87 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region and alternate variant N-terminal signal peptide), SEQ ID NO: 89 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with substituted murine constant region and alternate WT N-terminal signal peptide), SEQ ID NO: 90 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT murine constant region and alternate WT N-terminal
  • SEQ ID NO: 118 (a chain of 4360 TCR5 with substituted murine constant region and without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), SEQ ID NO: 119 (b chain of 4360 TCR5 with substituted murine constant region and without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), SEQ ID NO: 120 (a chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT murine constant region and without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), SEQ ID NO: 121 (b chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT murine constant region and without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), SEQ ID NO: 111 (b chain of 4360 TCR5 with substituted murine constant region and alternate variant N-terminal signal peptide ), SEQ ID NO: 112 (b chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT murine constant region and alternate variant N-terminal signal peptide), SEQ ID NO: 114 (b chain of 4360 TCR5 with substituted murine constant region and alternate WT N
  • the TCR comprises an a chain comprising a variable region and a constant region and a b chain comprising a variable region and a constant region.
  • the TCR may comprise (a) an a chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with wid type N-terminal signal peptide), wherein: (i) X at position 179 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 243 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 245 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position 246 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp
  • X at position 246 of SEQ ID NO: 131 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position 247 of SEQ ID NO: 131 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (c) a b chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with variant N-terminal signal peptide), wherein X at position 198 of SEQ ID NO: 22 is Ser or Cys; (d) an a chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41 (a chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT N-terminal signal peptide), wherein: (i) X at position 179 of SEQ ID NO: 41 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 243 of SEQ ID NO: 41 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe,
  • a b chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 105 (b chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT N-terminal signal peptide), wherein X at position 197 of SEQ ID NO: 105 is Ser or Cys; (s) both (o) and (q); (t) both (p) and (q); (u) both (d) and (r); (v) an a chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 93 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), wherein: (i) X at position 159 of SEQ ID NO: 93 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 223 of SEQ ID NO: 93 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 225 of SEQ ID NO: 93 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (
  • SEQ ID NO: 116 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position
  • SEQ ID NO: 116 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (y) a b chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 117 (b chain of 4360 TCR5 without N- terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), wherein X at position 176 of SEQ ID NO:
  • 117 is Ser or Cys; (z) both (v) and (w); (aa) both (x) and (y); (bb) a b chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 85 (alternate b chain of 4360 TCR1 with variant N- terminal signal peptide), wherein X at position 187 of SEQ ID NO: 85 is Ser or Cys; (cc) a b chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 88 (alternate b chain of 4360 TCR1 with WT N-terminal signal peptide), wherein X at position 187 of SEQ ID NO: 88 is Ser or Cys; (dd) a b chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 99 (alternate b chain of 4360 TCR1 without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), wherein X at position 172 of SEQ ID NO: 99 is Ser or Cys; (ee) both (a) and (bb); (ff
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 21 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 23 (unsubstituted a chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 131 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 133 (unsubstituted a chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 22 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 24 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 41 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 39 (unsubstituted a chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 42 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 40 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 55 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 51 (unsubstituted a chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 56 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 52 (unsubstituted b chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 57 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 53 (unsubstituted a chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 58 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 54 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 79 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 83 (unsubstituted a chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 134 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 136 (unsubstituted a chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 80 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 84 (unsubstituted b chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 93 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 97 (unsubstituted a chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 94 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 98 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 85 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 87 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 88 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 90 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 99 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 101 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 116 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 120 (unsubstituted a chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 117 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 121 (unsubstituted b chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 105 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 107 (unsubstituted b chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO:
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 113 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 115 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 122 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 124 (unsubstituted b chain).
  • the first amino acid of any of the mouse alpha constant regions described herein may be different fromN as provided in SEQ ID NOS: 17 and 19.
  • this first amino acid can be encoded by a split codon (having nucleotides from both a variable region and a constant region) such that any of the murine alpha constant regions may have a different amino acid at that position.
  • the first amino acid of any of the mouse beta constant regions described herein may be different from E as provided in SEQ ID NOS: 18 and 20, e.g., this first amino acid can be encoded by a split codon.
  • the TCR comprises a substituted constant region.
  • the TCR e.g., may comprise the amino acid sequence of any of the TCRs described herein with one, two, three, or four amino acid substitution(s) in the constant region of one or both of the a and b chain.
  • the TCR comprises a murine constant region with one, two, three, or four amino acid substitution(s) in the murine constant region of one or both of the a and b chains.
  • the TCR comprises a murine constant region with one, two, three, or four amino acid substitution(s) in the murine constant region of the a chain and one amino acid substitution in the murine constant region of the b chain.
  • the TCRs comprising the substituted constant region advantageously provide one or more of increased recognition of mutated RAS + targets, increased expression by a host cell, diminished mispairing with endogenous TCRs, and increased anti-tumor activity as compared to the parent TCR comprising an unsubstituted (wild-type) constant region.
  • substituted amino acid sequences of the murine constant regions of the TCR a and b chains correspond with all or portions of the unsubstituted murine constant region amino acid sequences SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 20, respectively, with SEQ ID NO: 17 having one, two, three, or four amino acid substitution(s) when compared to SEQ ID NO: 19 and SEQ ID NO: 18 having one amino acid substitution when compared to SEQ ID NO: 20.
  • an embodiment of the invention provides a TCR comprising the amino acid sequences of (a) SEQ ID NO: 17 (constant region of a chain), wherein (i) X at position 48 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 112 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 114 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position 115 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (b) SEQ ID NO: 18 (constant region of b chain), wherein X at position 57 is Ser or Cys; or (c) both of SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18.
  • the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 17 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 19 (unsubstituted murine constant region of a chain). In embodiments of the invention, the TCR comprising SEQ ID NO: 18 does not comprise SEQ ID NO: 20 (unsubstituted murine constant region of b chain).
  • the substituted constant region includes cysteine substitutions in the constant region of one or both of the a and b chains to provide a cysteine- substituted TCR.
  • Opposing cysteines in the a and the b chains provide a disulfide bond that links the constant regions of the a and the b chains of the substituted TCR to one another and which is not present in a TCR comprising the unsubstituted murine constant regions.
  • the TCR may be a cysteine-substituted TCR in which one or both of the native Thr at position 48 (Thr48) of SEQ ID NO: 19 and the native Ser at position 57 (Ser57) of SEQ ID NO: 20 may be substituted with Cys.
  • Thr48 native Thr at position 48
  • Ser57 native Ser at position 57
  • both of the native Thr48 of SEQ ID NO: 19 and the native Ser57 of SEQ ID NO: 20 are substituted with Cys.
  • Examples of cysteine- substituted TCR constant regions sequences are set forth in Table 2.
  • the cysteine-substituted TCR comprises (i) SEQ ID NO: 17, (ii) SEQ ID NO: 18, or (iii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18, wherein both of SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18 are as defined in Table 2.
  • the cysteine-substituted TCRs of the invention may include the substituted constant region in addition to any of the CDRs or variable regions described herein.
  • the cysteine-substituted, chimeric TCR comprises a full length alpha chain and a full-length beta chain.
  • Examples of cysteine- substituted, chimeric TCR alpha chain and beta chain sequences are set forth in Table 2.
  • the TCR comprises (i) SEQ ID NO: 21, (ii) SEQ ID NO: 131, (iii) SEQ ID NO: 22, (iv) SEQ ID NO: 41, (v) SEQ ID NO: 42, (vi) both of SEQ ID NO: 21 and 22, (vii) both of SEQ ID NO: 131 and 22, (viii) both of SEQ ID NO: 41 and 42, (ix) SEQ ID NO: 55, (x) SEQ ID NO: 56, (xi) SEQ ID NO: 57, (xii) SEQ ID NO: 58, (xiii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 55 and 56, or (xiv) both of SEQ ID NOs: 57 and 58, (xv) SEQ ID NO: 79, (xvi) SEQ ID NO: 134, (xvii) SEQ ID NO: 80, (xviii) SEQ ID NO: 105, (xix) both of SEQ ID NO: 79 and 80, (xx
  • the substituted amino acid sequence includes substitutions of one, two, or three amino acids in the transmembrane (TM) domain of the constant region of the a chain with a hydrophobic amino acid to provide a hydrophobic amino acid-substituted TCR (also referred to herein as an “LVL-modified TCR”).
  • the hydrophobic amino acid substitution(s) in the TM domain of the TCR may increase the hydrophobicity of the TM domain of the TCR as compared to a TCR that lacks the hydrophobic amino acid substitution(s) in the TM domain.
  • the TCR is an LVL-modified TCR in which one, two, or three of the native Seri 12, Metl 14, and Gly 115 of SEQ ID NO: 19 may, independently, be substituted with Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; preferably with Leu, lie, or Val; and the native Ser57 of SEQ ID NO: 20 may be substituted with Cys.
  • all three of the native Seri 12, Metl 14, and Gly 115 of SEQ ID NO: 19 may, independently, be substituted with Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; preferably with Leu, He, or Val.
  • the LVL-modified TCR comprises (i) SEQ ID NO: 17, (ii) SEQ ID NO: 18, or (iii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18, wherein both of SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18 are as defined in Table 3.
  • the LVL-modified TCRs of the invention may include the substituted constant region in addition to any of the CDRs or variable regions described herein.
  • the LVL-modified TCR comprises a full length alpha chain and a full-length beta chain.
  • Examples of LVL-modified TCR alpha chain and beta chain sequences are set forth in Table 3.
  • the LVL- modified TCR comprises (i) SEQ ID NO: 21, (ii) SEQ ID NO: 131, (iii) SEQ ID NO: 22, (iv) SEQ ID NO: 41, (v) SEQ ID NO: 42, (vi) both of SEQ ID NO: 21 and 22, (vii) both of SEQ ID NO: 131 and 22, (viii) both of SEQ ID NO: 41 and 42, (ix) SEQ ID NO: 55, (x) SEQ ID NO: 56, (xi) SEQ ID NO: 57, (xii) SEQ ID NO: 58, (xiii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 55 and 56, or (xiv) both of SEQ ID NOs: 57 and 58,
  • the substituted amino acid sequence includes the cysteine substitutions in the constant region of one or both of the a and b chains in combination with the substitution(s) of one, two, or three amino acids in the transmembrane (TM) domain of the constant region of the a chain with a hydrophobic amino acid (also referred to herein as “cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified TCR”).
  • the TCR is a cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified, chimeric TCR in which the native Thr48 of SEQ ID NO: 19 is substituted with Cys; one, two, or three of the native Seri 12, Metl 14, and Gly 115 of SEQ ID NO: 19 are, independently, substituted with Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; preferably with Leu, lie, or Val; and the native Ser57 of SEQ ID NO: 20 is substituted with Cys.
  • the cysteine-substituted, LVL- modified TCR comprises (i) SEQ ID NO: 17, (ii) SEQ ID NO: 18, or (iii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18, wherein both of SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18 are as defined in Table 4.
  • the cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified TCRs of the invention may include the substituted constant region in addition to any of the CDRs or variable regions described herein.
  • the cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified TCR comprises a full- length alpha chain and a full-length beta chain.
  • the cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified TCR comprises (i) SEQ ID NO: 21, (ii) SEQ ID NO:
  • the cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified TCR comprises (a) SEQ ID NO: 74 (a chain constant region of cysteine-substituted, LVL- modified TCR); (b) SEQ ID NO: 75 (b chain constant region of cysteine-substituted, LVL- modified TCR); (c) SEQ ID NO: 77 (a chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR1 with WT N-terminal signal sequence); (d) SEQ ID NO: 78 (b chain of cysteine- substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR1 with variant N-terminal signal sequence); (e) SEQ ID NO: 91 (a chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR1 without N-terminal signal sequence predicted by IMGT); (f) SEQ ID NO: 92 (b chain of cysteine-substituted
  • SEQ ID NO: 81 (a chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR1 with variant N- terminal signal sequence);
  • SEQ ID NO: 82 (b chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR1 with WT N-terminal signal sequence);
  • SEQ ID NO: 89 (alternate b chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR1 with WT N-terminal signal sequence);
  • SEQ ID NO: 86 (b chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR1 with variant N- terminal signal sequence);
  • SEQ ID NO: 100 (b chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL- modified 4360 TCR1 without N-terminal signal sequence predicted by SignalP);
  • SEQ ID NO: 132 (a chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR1
  • the cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified TCR comprises (a) SEQ ID NO: 74 (a chain constant region of cysteine-substituted, LVL- modified TCR); (b) SEQ ID NO: 75 (b chain constant region of cysteine-substituted, LVL- modified TCR); (c) SEQ ID NO: 103 (a chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR5 with WT N-terminal signal sequence); (d) SEQ ID NO: 104 (b chain of cysteine- substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR5 with variant N-terminal signal sequence); (e) SEQ ID NO: 108 (a chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR5 without N-terminal signal sequence predicted by IMGT); (f) SEQ ID NO: 109 (b chain of cysteine-substituted
  • SEQ ID NO: 106 (b chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR5 with WT N- terminal signal sequence);
  • SEQ ID NO: 114 (alternate b chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR5 with WT N-terminal signal sequence);
  • SEQ ID NO: 111 (alternate b chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL-modified 4360 TCR5 with variant N-terminal signal sequence);
  • SEQ ID NO: 123 (alternate b chain of cysteine-substituted, LVL- modified 4360 TCR5 without N-terminal signal sequence predicted by SignalP); (n) both (a) and (b); (o) both (c) and (d); (p) both (e) and (f); (q) both (g) and (h); (r) both (c) and (j); (s) both (c) and (k); (t)
  • polypeptide comprising a functional portion of any of the TCRs described herein.
  • polypeptide includes oligopeptides and refers to a single chain of amino acids connected by one or more peptide bonds.
  • the functional portion can be any portion comprising contiguous amino acids of the TCR of which it is a part, provided that the functional portion specifically binds to mutated RAS.
  • Functional portions encompass, for example, those parts of a TCR that retain the ability to specifically bind to mutated RAS (e.g., within the context of an HLA-DPB1 *03:01 molecule), or detect, treat, or prevent cancer, to a similar extent, the same extent, or to a higher extent, as the parent TCR.
  • the functional portion can comprise, for instance, about 10%, about 25%, about 30%, about 50%, about 70%, about 80%, about 90%, about 95%, or more, of the parent TCR.
  • the functional portion can comprise additional amino acids at the amino or carboxy terminus of the portion, or at both termini, which additional amino acids are not found in the amino acid sequence of the parent TCR.
  • the additional amino acids do not interfere with the biological function of the functional portion, e.g., specifically binding to mutated RAS; and/or having the ability to detect cancer, treat or prevent cancer, etc. More desirably, the additional amino acids enhance the biological activity, as compared to the biological activity of the parent TCR.
  • the polypeptide can comprise a functional portion of either or both of the a and b chains of the TCRs of the invention, such as a functional portion comprising one or more of the CDR1, CDR2, and CDR3 of the variable region(s) of the a chain and/or b chain of a TCR of the invention.
  • the polypeptide can comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 (CDR1 of a chain), SEQ ID NO: 2 (CDR2 of a chain), SEQ ID NO: 3 (CDR3 of a chain), SEQ ID NO: 4 (CDR1 of b chain), SEQ ID NO: 5 (CDR2 of b chain), SEQ ID NO: 6 (CDR3 of b chain), or a combination thereof.
  • the polypeptide can comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 (CDR1 of a chain), SEQ ID NO: 32 (CDR2 of a chain), SEQ ID NO: 33 (CDR3 of a chain), SEQ ID NO: 34 (CDR1 of b chain), SEQ ID NO: 35 (CDR2 of b chain), SEQ ID NO: 36 (CDR3 of b chain), or a combination thereof.
  • the inventive polypeptide can comprise any one or more of the amino acid sequences selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-6 and 31-36.
  • the TCR comprises the amino acid sequences of: (a) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3, (b) all of SEQ ID NOs: 4-6, (c) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-33 (d) all of SEQ ID NOs: 34-36, (e) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6, or (f) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-36.
  • the polypeptide comprises the amino acid sequences of: (i) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6 or (ii) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-36.
  • the CDR3 of any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 6, 33, or 36, i.e., of the a chain or b chain or both, may further comprise a cysteine immediately N-terminal to the first amino acid of the CDR or a phenylalanine immediately C-terminal to the final amino acid or both.
  • the inventive polypeptide can comprise, for instance, the variable region of the inventive TCR comprising a combination of the CDR regions set forth above.
  • the TCR can comprise the amino acid sequence of: SEQ ID NO: 7 (variable region of 4360 TCR1 a chain with WT N-terminal signal peptide); SEQ ID NO: 129 (variable region of 4360 TCR1 a chain with alternate WT N-terminal signal peptide); SEQ ID NO: 8 (variable region of 4360 TCR1 b chain with variant N-terminal signal peptide); SEQ ID NO: 37 (variable region of 4360 TCR5 a chain with WT N-terminal signal peptide); SEQ ID NO: 38 (variable region of 4360 TCR5 b chain with variant N- terminal signal peptide); SEQ ID NO: 47 (variable region of 4360 TCR1 a chain without N- terminal signal peptide predicted using IMGT); SEQ ID NO: 48 (variable
  • the TCR comprises the amino acid sequences of (i) both of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8; (ii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 64; (iii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 65; (iv) both of SEQ ID NOs: 63 and 66; (v) both of SEQ ID NOs: 37 and 38; (vi) both of SEQ ID NOs: 37 and 70; (vii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 47 and 48; (viii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 67 and 68; (ix) both of SEQ ID NOs: 67 and 76; (x) both of SEQ ID NOs: 49 and 50; (xi) both of SEQ ID NOs: 72 and 73; or (xii) both of SEQ ID NOs: 72 and 102.
  • the inventive polypeptide can further comprise the constant region of the inventive TCR set forth above.
  • the polypeptide can further comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19 (WT murine constant region of a chain), SEQ ID NO: 20 (WT murine constant region of b chain), SEQ ID NO: 17, (substituted murine constant region of a chain), SEQ ID NO: 18 (substituted murine constant region of b chain), ), the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 74 (variant murine a chain constant region), SEQ ID NO: 75 (variant murine b chain constant region), both SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 20, both SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18, or both SEQ ID NOs: 74 and 75.
  • the polypeptide further comprises the amino acid sequences of both of SEQ ID NOs: 19 and 20, both of SEQ ID NO: 17 and 18, or both SEQ ID NOs: 74 and 75 in combination with any of the CDR regions or variable regions described herein with respect to other aspects of the invention.
  • the polypeptide comprises: (a) the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17, wherein: (i) X at position 48 of SEQ ID NO: 17 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 112 of SEQ ID NO: 17 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 114 of SEQ ID NO: 17 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position 115 of SEQ ID NO: 17 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (b) the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18, wherein X at position 57 of SEQ ID NO: 18 is Ser or Cys; or (c) both (a) and (b).
  • SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18 of the polypeptide are as defined in any one of Tables 2-4.
  • the a chain constant regions provided herein are shown with an N-terminal asparagine.
  • the N-terminal amino acid of the a chain constant regions described herein is aspartic acid.
  • the inventive polypeptide can comprise the entire length of an a or b chain of the TCR described herein.
  • the inventive polypeptide can comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21, SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 24, SEQ ID NO: 77, SEQ ID NO: 78, SEQ ID NO: 79, SEQ ID NO: 80, SEQ ID NO: 81, SEQ ID NO: 82, SEQ ID NO: 83, SEQ ID NO: 84, SEQ ID NO: 85,
  • the inventive polypeptide can comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, SEQ ID NO: 103, SEQ ID NO: 104, SEQ ID NO: 105, SEQ ID NO: 106, SEQ ID NO: 107, SEQ ID NO: 110, SEQ ID NO: 111, SEQ ID NO: 112, SEQ ID NO: 113, SEQ ID NO: 114, SEQ ID NO: 115, both of SEQ ID NOs: 41 and 42, both of SEQ ID NOs: 39 and 40, both of SEQ ID NOs: 103 and 104, both of SEQ ID NOs: 41 and 105, both of SEQ ID NOs: 103 and 106, both of SEQ ID NOs: 39 and 107, both of SEQ ID NOs: 41 and 110, both of SEQ ID NOs: 39 and 112, both of SEQ ID NOs: 103 and 111, both of SEQ ID NOs: 41 and 41 and
  • the polypeptide comprises: (a) an a chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with wid type N-terminal signal peptide), wherein: (i) X at position 179 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 243 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 245 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position 246 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (b) an a chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 131 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with wid type N-terminal signal peptide), wherein:
  • X at position 246 of SEQ ID NO: 131 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position 247 of SEQ ID NO: 131 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (c) a b chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with variant N-terminal signal peptide), wherein X at position 198 of SEQ ID NO: 22 is Ser or Cys; (d) an a chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41 (a chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT N-terminal signal peptide), wherein: (i) X at position 179 of SEQ ID NO: 41 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 243 of SEQ ID NO: 41 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe,
  • SEQ ID NO: 94 a b chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 94 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), wherein X at position 177 of SEQ ID NO: 94 is Ser or Cys;
  • an a chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 116 a chain of 4360 TCR5 without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with SignalP), wherein: (i) X at position 158 of SEQ ID NO: 116 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 222 of SEQ ID NO: 116 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 224 of SEQ ID NO: 116 is Met,
  • any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 21, 22, 41, 42, 55-58, 79, 80, 85, 88, 93, 94, 99, 105, 110, 113, 116, 117, 122, 131 or 134 of the polypeptide are as defined in any one of Tables 2-4.
  • An embodiment of the invention further provides a protein comprising at least one of the polypeptides described herein.
  • protein is meant a molecule comprising one or more polypeptide chains.
  • the protein of the invention can comprise (a) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 1-3 and a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NOs: 4-6; or (b) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 31-33 and a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 34-36.
  • the CDR3 of any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 3, 6, 33, or 36, i.e., of the a chain or b chain or both, may further comprise a cysteine immediately N-terminal to the first amino acid of the CDR or a phenylalanine immediately C-terminal to the final amino acid or both.
  • the protein may comprise (i) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7 and a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8; (ii) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 129 and a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8; (iii) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 63 and a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8; (iv) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 130 and a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 8; (v) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 7 and a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 64; (vi) a first polypeptide
  • the inventive protein may further comprise any of the constant regions described herein with respect to other aspects of the invention.
  • the first polypeptide chain may further comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17 and the second polypeptide chain may further comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18.
  • the first polypeptide chain may further comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19 and the second polypeptide chain may further comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20.
  • the first polypeptide chain may further comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 74 and the second polypeptide chain may further comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 75.
  • the protein comprises: (a) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 17, wherein: (i) X at position 48 of SEQ ID NO: 17 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 112 of SEQ ID NO: 17 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 114 of SEQ ID NO: 17 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position 115 of SEQ ID NO: 17 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (b) a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 18, wherein X at position 57 of SEQ ID NO: 18 is Ser or Cys; or (c) both (a) and (b).
  • one or both of SEQ ID NO: is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu,
  • the protein of an embodiment of the invention can comprise (a) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with wid type N-terminal signal peptide), wherein: (i) X at position 179 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 243 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 245 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position 246 of SEQ ID NO: 21 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (b) a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 131 (a chain of 4360 TCR1 with wid type N-terminal signal peptide), wherein:
  • SEQ ID NO: 131 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position
  • SEQ ID NO: 131 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, lie, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv) X at position
  • SEQ ID NO: 131 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp;
  • a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 with variant N-terminal signal peptide), wherein X at position 198 of SEQ ID NO: 22 is Ser or Cys;
  • a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 41 (a chain of 4360 TCR5 with WT N-terminal signal peptide), wherein: (i) X at position 179 of SEQ ID NO: 41 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 243 of SEQ ID NO: 41 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 245 of SEQ ID NO: 41 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, or Trp; and (iv)
  • X at position 226 of SEQ ID NO: 55 is Met, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, or Trp;
  • X at position 227 of SEQ ID NO: 55 is Gly, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp;
  • a second polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 56 (b chain of 4360 TCR1 without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with IMGT), wherein X at position 173 of SEQ ID NO: 56 is Ser or Cys;
  • a first polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 57 (a chain of 4360 TCR5 without N-terminal signal peptide as predicted with IMGT), wherein: (i) X at position 159 of SEQ ID NO: 57 is Thr or Cys; (ii) X at position 223 of SEQ ID NO: 57 is Ser, Ala, Val, Leu, He, Pro, Phe, Met, or Trp; (iii) X at position 225 of SEQ ID NO: 57 is Met, Ala, Val
  • the protein of the invention can be a TCR.
  • the protein comprises a single polypeptide chain comprising the amino acid sequences of both of SEQ ID NOs: 21 and 22, SEQ ID NOs: 131 and 22, both of SEQ ID NOs: 23 and 24, both of SEQ ID NOs: 133 and 24, both of SEQ ID NOs: 77 and 78, both of SEQ ID NOs: 132 and 78, both of SEQ ID NOs: 79 and 80, both of SEQ ID NOs: 134 and 80, both of SEQ ID NOs: 81 and 82, both of SEQ ID NOs: 135 and 82, both of SEQ ID NOs: 83 and 84, both of SEQ ID NOs: 136 and 84, both of SEQ ID NOs: 21 and 85, both of SEQ ID NOs: 131 and 85, both of SEQ ID NOs: 23 and 87, both of SEQ ID NOs: 133 and 87, both of SEQ ID NO
  • an embodiment of the invention also provides a fusion protein comprising at least one of the inventive polypeptides described herein along with at least one other polypeptide.
  • the other polypeptide can exist as a separate polypeptide of the fusion protein, or can exist as a polypeptide, which is expressed in frame (in tandem) with one of the inventive polypeptides described herein.
  • the other polypeptide can encode any peptidic or proteinaceous molecule, or a portion thereof, including, but not limited to an immunoglobulin, CD3, CD4, CD8, an MHC molecule, a CD1 molecule, e.g., CDla, CDlb, CDlc, CD Id, etc.
  • the fusion protein can comprise one or more copies of the inventive polypeptide and/or one or more copies of the other polypeptide.
  • the fusion protein can comprise 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or more, copies of the inventive polypeptide and/or of the other polypeptide.
  • Suitable methods of making fusion proteins are known in the art, and include, for example, recombinant methods.
  • the TCRs, polypeptides, and proteins of the invention may be expressed as a single protein comprising a linker peptide linking the a chain and the b chain.
  • the TCRs, polypeptides, and proteins of the invention may further comprise a linker peptide.
  • the linker peptide may advantageously facilitate the expression of a recombinant TCR, polypeptide, and/or protein in a host cell.
  • the linker peptide may comprise any suitable amino acid sequence.
  • the linker peptide may be a furin-SGSG-P2A linker comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25.
  • the linker peptide may be cleaved, resulting in separated a and b chains.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, or protein may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising a full-length a chain, a full-length b chain, and a linker peptide positioned between the a and b chains, for example a chain-linker-b chain or b chain-linker-a chain.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, or protein may comprise an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 125 comprising fromN- terminus to C-terminus, a b chain, a linker (SEQ ID NO:25) and an a chain.
  • the variant comprises a b chain variable region (with a variant signal peptide) as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8 and a modified b constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
  • the full-length b chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 78.
  • the variant also comprises an a chain variable region (with a WT signal peptide) as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 7 and a modified a constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74.
  • the full-length a chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 77.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, or protein may comprise an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 126 comprising fromN- terminus to C-terminus, an a chain, a linker (SEQ ID NO:25) and a b chain.
  • the variant comprises an a chain variable region (with a variant signal peptide) as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 63 and a modified a constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74.
  • the full-length a chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 81.
  • the variant also comprises a b chain variable region (with a WT signal peptide) as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 64 and a modified b constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
  • the full-length b chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 82.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, or protein may comprise an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 127 comprising fromN- terminus to C-terminus, a b chain, a linker (SEQ ID NO:25) and an a chain.
  • the variant comprises a b chain variable region (with a variant signal peptide) as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 38 and a modified b constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
  • the full-length b chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 104.
  • the variant also comprises an a chain variable region as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37 and a modified a constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74.
  • the full-length a chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 103.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, or protein may comprise an amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 128 comprising fromN- terminus to C-terminus, an a chain, a linker (SEQ ID NO:25) and a b chain.
  • the variant comprises an a chain variable region as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37 and a modified a constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74.
  • the full-length a chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 103.
  • the variant also comprises a b chain variable region (with a WT signal peptide) as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 70 and a modified b constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
  • the full-length b chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 106.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, or protein may comprise an alternate amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 137 comprising from N-terminus to C-terminus, a b chain, a linker (SEQ ID NO:25) and an a chain.
  • the variant comprises a b chain variable region (with a variant signal peptide) as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 8 and a modified b constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
  • the full-length b chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 78.
  • the variant also comprises an a chain variable region as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 129 and a modified a constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74.
  • the full-length a chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 132.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, or protein may comprise an alternate amino acid sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 138 comprising from N-terminus to C-terminus, an a chain, a linker (SEQ ID NO:25) and a b chain.
  • the variant comprises an alternate a chain variable region as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 130 and a modified a constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 74.
  • the full-length a chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 135.
  • the variant also comprises a b chain variable region (with a WT signal peptide) as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 64 and a modified b constant domain as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 75.
  • the full-length b chain of the variant is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 82.
  • the TCR, polypeptide or protein disclosed herein comprises an a chain and/or a b chain, as disclosed herein, comprising a signal peptide.
  • the sequence of the signal peptide of any of the a chains and/or b chains disclosed herein comprises an alanine or histidine residue substituted for the wild-type residue at position 2.
  • the TCR, polypeptide or protein disclosed herein comprises a mature version of an a chain and/or a b chain, as disclosed herein, that lacks a signal peptide.
  • the sequence of the signal peptide or mature form of the a chain and/or a b chain can be performed according to any method known in the art including IMGT and SignalP.
  • the protein of the invention can be a recombinant antibody, or an antigen binding portion thereof, comprising at least one of the inventive polypeptides described herein.
  • "recombinant antibody” refers to a recombinant (e.g., genetically engineered) protein comprising at least one of the polypeptides of the invention and a polypeptide chain of an antibody, or an antigen binding portion thereof.
  • the polypeptide of an antibody, or antigen binding portion thereof can be a heavy chain, a light chain, a variable or constant region of a heavy or light chain, a single chain variable fragment (scFv), or an Fc, Fab, or F(ab)2' fragment of an antibody, etc.
  • polypeptide chain of an antibody, or an antigen binding portion thereof can exist as a separate polypeptide of the recombinant antibody.
  • the polypeptide chain of an antibody, or an antigen binding portion thereof can exist as a polypeptide, which is expressed in frame (in tandem) with the polypeptide of the invention.
  • the polypeptide of an antibody, or an antigen binding portion thereof can be a polypeptide of any antibody or any antibody fragment, including any of the antibodies and antibody fragments described herein.
  • the term “functional variant,” as used herein, refers to a TCR, polypeptide, or protein having substantial or significant sequence identity or similarity to a parent TCR, polypeptide, or protein, which functional variant retains the biological activity of the TCR, polypeptide, or protein of which it is a variant.
  • Functional variants encompass, for example, those variants of the TCR, polypeptide, or protein described herein (the parent TCR, polypeptide, or protein) that retain the ability to specifically bind to mutated RAS for which the parent TCR has antigenic specificity or to which the parent polypeptide or protein specifically binds, to a similar extent, the same extent, or to a higher extent, as the parent TCR, polypeptide, or protein.
  • the functional variant can, for instance, be at least about 30%, about 50%, about 75%, about 80%, about 90%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, about 99% or more identical in amino acid sequence to the parent TCR, polypeptide, or protein, respectively.
  • the functional variant can, for example, comprise the amino acid sequence of the parent TCR, polypeptide, or protein with at least one conservative amino acid substitution.
  • Conservative amino acid substitutions are known in the art, and include amino acid substitutions in which one amino acid having certain physical and/or chemical properties is exchanged for another amino acid that has the same chemical or physical properties.
  • the conservative amino acid substitution can be an acidic amino acid substituted for another acidic amino acid (e.g., Asp or Glu), an amino acid with a nonpolar side chain substituted for another amino acid with a nonpolar side chain (e.g., Ala, Gly, Val, lie, Leu, Met, Phe, Pro, Trp, Val, etc.), a basic amino acid substituted for another basic amino acid (Lys, Arg, etc.), an amino acid with a polar side chain substituted for another amino acid with a polar side chain (Asn, Cys, Gin, Ser, Thr, Tyr, etc.), etc.
  • an amino acid with a nonpolar side chain substituted for another amino acid with a nonpolar side chain e.g., Ala, Gly, Val, lie, Leu, Met, Phe, Pro, Trp, Val, etc.
  • a basic amino acid substituted for another basic amino acid Lys, Arg, etc.
  • the functional variants can comprise the amino acid sequence of the parent TCR, polypeptide, or protein with at least one non-conservative amino acid substitution.
  • the non-conservative amino acid substitution it is preferable for the non-conservative amino acid substitution to not interfere with or inhibit the biological activity of the functional variant.
  • the non-conservative amino acid substitution enhances the biological activity of the functional variant, such that the biological activity of the functional variant is increased as compared to the parent TCR, polypeptide, or protein.
  • Each signal peptide of the TCRs, polypeptides, proteins, functional variants, and functional portions described herein, when present, can be any suitable TCR signal peptide, so long as the TCR, polypeptide, protein, or functional variant is expressed and has antigenic specificity for a mutated human RAS amino acid sequence with a substitution of glycine at position 12 with valine presented by an HLA Class II molecule.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, or protein can consist essentially of the specified amino acid sequence or sequences described herein, such that other components of the TCR, polypeptide, or protein, e.g., other amino acids, do not materially change the biological activity of the TCR, polypeptide, or protein.
  • the inventive TCR, polypeptide, or protein can, for example, consist essentially of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:
  • SEQ ID NO: 21 SEQ ID NO: 22, SEQ ID NO: 23, SEQ ID NO: 24, both of SEQ ID NOs: 21-22 or both of SEQ ID NO: 23-24, SEQ ID NO: 41, SEQ ID NO: 42, SEQ ID NO: 39, SEQ ID NO: 40, both of SEQ ID NOs: 41-42 or both of SEQ ID NO: 39-40.
  • inventive TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins can consist essentially of the amino acid sequence(s) of (i) SEQ ID NO: 7, (ii) SEQ ID NO: 8, (iii) SEQ ID NO: 37, (iv) SEQ ID NO: 38, (v) both of SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8, or (vi) both of SEQ ID NOs: 37 and 38.
  • inventive TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins can consist essentially of the amino acid sequences of (a) any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6 and 31-36; (b) all of SEQ ID NO: 1-3; (c) all of SEQ ID NO: 4-6; (d) all of SEQ ID NO: 31-33; (e) all of SEQ ID NOs: 34-36; (f) all of SEQ ID NOs: 1-6; or (g) all of SEQ ID NOs: 31-36.
  • the TCRs, polypeptides, and proteins of the invention can be of any length, i.e., can comprise any number of amino acids, provided that the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins retain their biological activity, e.g., the ability to specifically bind to mutated RAS; detect cancer in a mammal; or treat or prevent cancer in a mammal, etc.
  • the polypeptide can be in the range of from about 50 to about 5000 amino acids long, such as about 50, about 70, about 75, about 100, about 125, about 150, about 175, about 200, about 300, about 400, about 500, about 600, about 700, about 800, about 900, about 1000 or more amino acids in length.
  • the polypeptides of the invention also include oligopeptides.
  • the TCRs, polypeptides, and proteins of the invention can comprise synthetic amino acids in place of one or more naturally-occurring amino acids.
  • synthetic amino acids include, for example, aminocyclohexane carboxylic acid, norleucine, oc-amino n-decanoic acid, homoserine, S-acetylaminomethyl-cysteine, trans-3- and trans-4-hydroxyproline, 4-aminophenylalanine, 4-nitrophenylalanine, 4- chlorophenylalanine, 4-carboxyphenylalanine, b-phenylserine b-hydroxyphenylalanine, phenylglycine, a-naphthylalanine, cyclohexylalanine, cyclohexylglycine, indoline-2- carboxylic acid, l,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid, aminomalonic acid
  • TCRs, polypeptides, and proteins of the invention can be glycosylated, amidated, carboxylated, phosphorylated, esterified, N-acylated, cyclized via, e.g., a disulfide bridge, or converted into an acid addition salt and/or optionally dimerized or polymerized, or conjugated.
  • the TCR, polypeptide, and/or protein of the invention can be obtained by methods known in the art such as, for example, de novo synthesis.
  • polypeptides and proteins can be recombinantly produced using the nucleic acids described herein using standard recombinant methods. See, for instance, Green and Sambrook, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 4 th ed., Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (2012).
  • the TCRs, polypeptides, and/or proteins described herein can be commercially synthesized by commercial entities.
  • the inventive TCRs, polypeptides, and proteins can be synthetic, recombinant, isolated, and/or purified.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides an isolated or purified TCR, polypeptide, or protein encoded by any of the nucleic acids or vectors described herein with respect to other aspects of the invention.
  • Another embodiment of the invention provides an isolated or purified TCR, polypeptide, or protein that results from expression of any of the nucleic acids or vectors described herein with respect to other aspects of the invention in a cell.
  • Still another embodiment of the invention provides a method of producing any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, the method comprising culturing any of the host cells or populations of host cells described herein so that the TCR, polypeptide, or protein is produced.
  • conjugates e.g., bioconjugates, comprising any of the inventive TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins (including any of the functional portions or variants thereof), nucleic acids, recombinant expression vectors, host cells, populations of host cells, or antibodies, or antigen binding portions thereof.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein.
  • Nucleic acid includes “polynucleotide,” “oligonucleotide,” and “nucleic acid molecule,” and generally means a polymer of DNA or RNA, which can be single-stranded or double-stranded, which can contain natural, non-natural or altered nucleotides, and which can contain a natural, non-natural or altered intemucleotide linkage, such as a phosphoroamidate linkage or a phosphorothioate linkage, instead of the phosphodiester found between the nucleotides of an unmodified oligonucleotide.
  • the nucleic acid comprises complementary DNA (cDNA).
  • the nucleic acid does not comprise any insertions, deletions, inversions, and/or substitutions. However, it may be suitable in some instances, as discussed herein, for the nucleic acid to comprise one or more insertions, deletions, inversions, and/or substitutions.
  • the nucleic acids of the invention are recombinant.
  • the term “recombinant” refers to (i) molecules that are constructed outside living cells by joining natural or synthetic nucleic acid segments to nucleic acid molecules that can replicate in a living cell, or (ii) molecules that result from the replication of those described in (i) above.
  • the replication can be in vitro replication or in vivo replication.
  • the nucleic acids can be constructed based on chemical synthesis and/or enzymatic ligation reactions using procedures known in the art. See, for example, Green and Sambrook et al., supra.
  • a nucleic acid can be chemically synthesized using naturally occurring nucleotides or variously modified nucleotides designed to increase the biological stability of the molecules or to increase the physical stability of the duplex formed upon hybridization (e.g., phosphorothioate derivatives and acridine substituted nucleotides).
  • modified nucleotides that can be used to generate the nucleic acids include, but are not limited to, 5-fluorouracil, 5-bromouracil, 5-chlorouracil, 5-iodouracil, hypoxanthine, xanthine, 4-acetylcytosine, 5-(carboxyhydroxymethyl) uracil, 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl- 2-thiouridine, 5-carboxymethylaminomethyluracil, dihydrouracil, beta-D-galactosylqueosine, inosine, N 6 -isopentenyladenine, 1 -methylguanine, 1-methylinosine, 2,2-dimethylguanine, 2- methyladenine, 2-methylguanine, 3-methylcytosine, 5-methylcytosine, N 6 -substituted adenine, 7-methylguanine, 5-methylaminomethyluracil, 5-methoxyaminomethyl-2-thiouracil, beta-D-mannos
  • the nucleic acid can comprise any nucleotide sequence which encodes any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein.
  • the nucleic acid may comprise the nucleotide sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 43-46 (Table 5).
  • the nucleic acid comprises the nucleotide sequences of both of SEQ ID NOs: 43-44 or both of SEQ ID NOs: 45-46.
  • the nucleic acid comprises a codon-optimized nucleotide sequence encoding any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein. Without being bound to any particular theory or mechanism, it is believed that codon optimization of the nucleotide sequence increases the translation efficiency of the mRNA transcripts. Codon optimization of the nucleotide sequence may involve substituting a native codon for another codon that encodes the same amino acid, but can be translated by tRNA that is more readily available within a cell, thus increasing translation efficiency. Optimization of the nucleotide sequence may also reduce secondary mRNA structures that would interfere with translation, thus increasing translation efficiency.
  • the invention also provides a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence which is complementary to the nucleotide sequence of any of the nucleic acids described herein or a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent conditions to the nucleotide sequence of any of the nucleic acids described herein.
  • the nucleotide sequence which hybridizes under stringent conditions preferably hybridizes under high stringency conditions.
  • high stringency conditions is meant that the nucleotide sequence specifically hybridizes to a target sequence (the nucleotide sequence of any of the nucleic acids described herein) in an amount that is detectably stronger than non-specific hybridization.
  • High stringency conditions include conditions which would distinguish a polynucleotide with an exact complementary sequence, or one containing only a few scattered mismatches from a random sequence that happened to have a few small regions (e.g., 3-10 bases) that matched the nucleotide sequence.
  • Relatively high stringency conditions would include, for example, low salt and/or high temperature conditions, such as provided by about 0.02-0.1 M NaCl or the equivalent, at temperatures of about 50-70 °C.
  • Such high stringency conditions tolerate little, if any, mismatch between the nucleotide sequence and the template or target strand, and are particularly suitable for detecting expression of any of the inventive TCRs. It is generally appreciated that conditions can be rendered more stringent by the addition of increasing amounts of formamide.
  • the invention also provides a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence that is at least about 70% or more, e.g., about 80%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, or about 99% identical to any of the nucleic acids described herein.
  • the nucleic acid may consist essentially of any of the nucleotide sequences described herein.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides an isolated or purified nucleic acid comprising, from 5’ to 3’, a first nucleic acid sequence and a second nucleotide sequence, wherein the first and second nucleotide sequence, respectively, encode the amino sequences of 7 and 8; 7 and 64; 63 and 8; 63 and 64; 7 and 65; 63 and 65; 7 and 66; 63 and 66; 8 and 7; 64 and 7; 8 and 63; 64 and 63; 65 and 7; 65 and 63; 66 and 7; 66 and 63; 129 and 8; 129 and 64; 129 and 65; 129 and 66; 8 and 129; 64 and 129; 65 and 129; 66 and 129; 130 and 8; 130 and 64; 130 and 65; 130 and 66; 8 and 130; 64; 130 and 65; 130 and 66; 8 and 130; 64; 130 and 65; 130 and 66; 8 and 130; 64; 130 and 65; 130 and 66; 8 and 130; 64 and 130; 65
  • the isolated or purified nucleic acid further comprises a third nucleotide sequence interposed between the first and second nucleotide sequence, wherein the third nucleotide sequence encodes a cleavable linker peptide.
  • the cleavable linker peptide comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25.
  • the nucleic acids of the invention can be incorporated into a recombinant expression vector.
  • the invention provides a recombinant expression vector comprising any of the nucleic acids of the invention.
  • the recombinant expression vector comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding the a chain, the b chain, and linker peptide.
  • the term "recombinant expression vector” means a genetically -modified oligonucleotide or polynucleotide construct that permits the expression of an mRNA, protein, polypeptide, or peptide by a host cell, when the construct comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding the mRNA, protein, polypeptide, or peptide, and the vector is contacted with the cell under conditions sufficient to have the mRNA, protein, polypeptide, or peptide expressed within the cell.
  • the vectors of the invention are not naturally-occurring as a whole. However, parts of the vectors can be naturally-occurring.
  • the inventive recombinant expression vectors can comprise any type of nucleotide, including, but not limited to DNA and RNA, which can be single-stranded or double-stranded, synthesized or obtained in part from natural sources, and which can contain natural, non-natural or altered nucleotides.
  • the recombinant expression vectors can comprise naturally-occurring, non- naturally-occurring intemucleotide linkages, or both types of linkages.
  • the non- naturally occurring or altered nucleotides or intemucleotide linkages do not hinder the transcription or replication of the vector.
  • the recombinant expression vector of the invention can be any suitable recombinant expression vector, and can be used to transform or transfect any suitable host cell.
  • Suitable vectors include those designed for propagation and expansion or for expression or both, such as plasmids and viruses.
  • the vector can be selected from the pUC series (Fermentas Life Sciences), the pBluescript series (Stratagene, LaJolla, CA), the pET series (Novagen, Madison, WI), the pGEX series (Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden), and the pEX series (Clontech, Palo Alto, CA).
  • Bacteriophage vectors such as LGTIO, LGTl 1,
  • the recombinant expression vector is a viral vector, e.g., a retroviral vector.
  • the recombinant expression vector is an MSGV1 vector.
  • the recombinant expression vector is a transposon or a lentiviral vector.
  • the recombinant expression vectors of the invention can be prepared using standard recombinant DNA techniques described in, for example, Green and Sambrook et ak, supra. Constructs of expression vectors, which are circular or linear, can be prepared to contain a replication system functional in a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cell. Replication systems can be derived, e.g., from ColEl, 2 m plasmid, l, SV40, bovine papillomavirus, and the like.
  • the recombinant expression vector comprises regulatory sequences, such as transcription and translation initiation and termination codons, which are specific to the type of host cell (e.g., bacterium, fungus, plant, or animal) into which the vector is to be introduced, as appropriate and taking into consideration whether the vector is DNA- or RNA- based.
  • the recombinant expression vector can include one or more marker genes, which allow for selection of transformed or transfected host cells. Marker genes include biocide resistance, e.g., resistance to antibiotics, heavy metals, etc., complementation in an auxotrophic host cell to provide prototrophy, and the like. Suitable marker genes for the inventive expression vectors include, for instance, neomycin/G418 resistance genes, hygromycin resistance genes, histidinol resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and ampicillin resistance genes.
  • the recombinant expression vector can comprise a native or normative promoter operably linked to the nucleotide sequence encoding the TCR, polypeptide, or protein, or to the nucleotide sequence which is complementary to or which hybridizes to the nucleotide sequence encoding the TCR, polypeptide, or protein.
  • a native or normative promoter operably linked to the nucleotide sequence encoding the TCR, polypeptide, or protein, or to the nucleotide sequence which is complementary to or which hybridizes to the nucleotide sequence encoding the TCR, polypeptide, or protein.
  • the promoter can be a non-viral promoter or a viral promoter, e.g., a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, an SV40 promoter, an RSV promoter, and a promoter found in the long-terminal repeat of the murine stem cell virus.
  • CMV cytomegalovirus
  • inventive recombinant expression vectors can be designed for either transient expression, for stable expression, or for both. Also, the recombinant expression vectors can be made for constitutive expression or for inducible expression.
  • the recombinant expression vectors can be made to include a suicide gene.
  • suicide gene refers to a gene that causes the cell expressing the suicide gene to die.
  • the suicide gene can be a gene that confers sensitivity to an agent, e.g., a drug, upon the cell in which the gene is expressed, and causes the cell to die when the cell is contacted with or exposed to the agent.
  • Suicide genes are known in the art and include, for example, the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) thymidine kinase (TK) gene, cytosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, nitroreductase, and the inducible caspase 9 gene system.
  • HSV Herpes Simplex Virus
  • TK thymidine kinase
  • Another embodiment of the invention further provides a host cell comprising any of the recombinant expression vectors described herein.
  • the term "host cell” refers to any type of cell that can contain the inventive recombinant expression vector.
  • the host cell can be a eukaryotic cell, e.g., plant, animal, fungi, or algae, or can be a prokaryotic cell, e.g., bacteria or protozoa.
  • the host cell can be a cultured cell or a primary cell, i.e., isolated directly from an organism, e.g., a human or mouse.
  • the host cell can be an adherent cell or a suspended cell, i.e., a cell that grows in suspension.
  • Suitable host cells are known in the art and include, for instance, DH5a E. coli cells, Chinese hamster ovarian cells, monkey VERO cells, COS cells, HEK293 cells, and the like.
  • the host cell is preferably a prokaryotic cell, e.g., a DH5oc cell.
  • the host cell is preferably a mammalian cell. Most preferably, the host cell is a human cell.
  • the host cell can be of any cell type, can originate from any type of tissue, and can be of any developmental stage, the host cell preferably is a peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) or a peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). More preferably, the host cell is a T cell. In an embodiment of the invention, the host cell is a human lymphocyte. In another embodiment of the invention, the host cell is selected from a T cell, a natural killer T (NKT) cell, an invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell, and a natural killer (NK) cell.
  • PBL peripheral blood lymphocyte
  • PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cell
  • Still another embodiment of the invention provides a method of producing a host cell expressing a TCR that has antigenic specificity for the peptide of SEQ ID NO: 30, the method comprising contacting a cell with any of the vectors described herein under conditions that allow introduction of the vector into the cell.
  • the T cell can be any T cell, such as a cultured T cell, e.g., a primary T cell, or a T cell from a cultured T cell line, e.g., Jurkat, SupTl, etc., or a T cell obtained from a mammal. If obtained from a mammal, the T cell can be obtained from numerous sources, including but not limited to blood, bone marrow, lymph node, the thymus, or other tissues or fluids. T cells can also be enriched for or purified. Preferably, the T cell is a human T cell.
  • the T cell can be any type of T cell and can be of any developmental stage, including but not limited to, CD4 + /CD8 + double positive T cells, CD4 + helper T cells, e.g.,
  • CD4 + T cells CD8 + T cells (e.g., cytotoxic T cells), tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), memory T cells (e.g., central memory T cells and effector memory T cells), naive T cells, and the like.
  • CD8 + T cells e.g., cytotoxic T cells
  • TILs tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
  • memory T cells e.g., central memory T cells and effector memory T cells
  • naive T cells e.g., and the like.
  • the population of cells can be a heterogeneous population comprising the host cell comprising any of the recombinant expression vectors described, in addition to at least one other cell, e.g., a host cell (e.g., a T cell), which does not comprise any of the recombinant expression vectors, or a cell other than a T cell, e.g., a B cell, a macrophage, a neutrophil, an erythrocyte, a hepatocyte, an endothelial cell, an epithelial cell, a muscle cell, a brain cell, etc.
  • a host cell e.g., a T cell
  • a cell other than a T cell e.g., a B cell, a macrophage, a neutrophil, an erythrocyte, a hepatocyte, an endothelial cell, an epithelial cell, a muscle cell, a brain cell, etc.
  • the population of cells can be a substantially homogeneous population, in which the population comprises mainly of host cells (e.g., consisting essentially of) comprising the recombinant expression vector.
  • the population also can be a clonal population of cells, in which all cells of the population are clones of a single host cell comprising a recombinant expression vector, such that all cells of the population comprise the recombinant expression vector.
  • the population of cells is a clonal population comprising host cells comprising a recombinant expression vector as described herein.
  • the numbers of cells in the population may be rapidly expanded. Expansion of the numbers of T cells can be accomplished by any of a number of methods as are known in the art as described in, for example, U.S. Patent 8,034,334; U.S. Patent 8,383,099; U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2012/0244133; Dudley et al., J. Immunother., 26:332-42 (2003); and Riddell et al., J. Immunol. Methods, 128:189-201 (1990). In embodiments, expansion of the numbers of T cells is carried out by culturing the T cells with OKT3 antibody, IL-2, and feeder PBMC (e.g., irradiated allogeneic PBMC).
  • OKT3 antibody IL-2
  • feeder PBMC e.g., irradiated allogeneic PBMC
  • inventive TCRs, polypeptides, proteins, nucleic acids, recombinant expression vectors, and host cells can be isolated and/or purified.
  • isolated means having been removed from its natural environment.
  • purified means having been increased in purity, wherein “purity” is a relative term, and not to be necessarily construed as absolute purity.
  • the purity can be at least about 50%, can be greater than about 60%, about 70%, about 80%, about 90%, about 95%, or can be about 100%.
  • inventive TCRs, polypeptides, proteins, nucleic acids, recombinant expression vectors, and host cells (including populations thereof), all of which are collectively referred to as "inventive TCR materials" hereinafter, can be formulated into a composition, such as a pharmaceutical composition.
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising any of the TCRs, polypeptides, proteins, nucleic acids, expression vectors, and host cells (including populations thereof), described herein, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • inventive pharmaceutical compositions containing any of the inventive TCR materials can comprise more than one inventive TCR material, e.g., a polypeptide and a nucleic acid, or two or more different TCRs.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can comprise an inventive TCR material in combination with another pharmaceutically active agent(s) or drug(s), such as a chemotherapeutic agent, e.g., asparaginase, busulfan, carboplatin, cisplatin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, fluorouracil, gemcitabine, hydroxyurea, methotrexate, paclitaxel, rituximab, vinblastine, vincristine, etc.
  • a chemotherapeutic agent e.g., asparaginase, busulfan, carboplatin, cisplatin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, fluorouracil, gemcitabine, hydroxyurea, methotrexate, paclitaxel, rituximab, vinblastine, vincristine, etc.
  • the carrier is a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the carrier can be any of those conventionally used for the particular inventive TCR material under consideration
  • compositions are known or apparent to those skilled in the art and are described in more detail in, for example, Remington : The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 22 nd Ed., Pharmaceutical Press (2012). It is preferred that the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier be one which has no detrimental side effects or toxicity under the conditions of use.
  • Suitable formulations may include any of those for parenteral, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, intraarterial, intrathecal, intratumoral, or interperitoneal administration. More than one route can be used to administer the inventive TCR materials, and in certain instances, a particular route can provide a more immediate and more effective response than another route.
  • the inventive TCR material is administered by injection, e.g., intravenously.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the cells for injection may include any isotonic carrier such as, for example, normal saline (about 0.90% w/v of NaCl in water, about 300 mOsm/L NaCl in water, or about 9.0 g NaCl per liter of water), NORMOSOL R electrolyte solution (Abbott, Chicago, IL), PLASMA-LYTE A (Baxter, Deerfield, IL), about 5% dextrose in water, or Ringer's lactate.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is supplemented with human serum albumin.
  • the amount or dose (e.g., numbers of cells when the inventive TCR material is one or more cells) of the inventive TCR material administered should be sufficient to effect, e.g., a therapeutic or prophylactic response, in the subject or animal over a reasonable time frame.
  • the dose of the inventive TCR material should be sufficient to bind to a cancer antigen (e.g., mutated RAS), or detect, treat or prevent cancer in a period of from about 2 hours or longer, e.g., 12 to 24 or more hours, from the time of administration. In certain embodiments, the time period could be even longer.
  • the dose will be determined by the efficacy of the particular inventive TCR material and the condition of the animal (e.g., human), as well as the body weight of the animal (e.g., human) to be treated.
  • an assay which comprises comparing the extent to which target cells are lysed or IFN-g is secreted by T cells expressing the inventive TCR, polypeptide, or protein upon administration of a given dose of such T cells to a mammal among a set of mammals of which each is given a different dose of the T cells, could be used to determine a starting dose to be administered to a mammal.
  • the extent to which target cells are lysed or IFN-g is secreted upon administration of a certain dose can be assayed by methods known in the art.
  • the dose of the inventive TCR material also will be determined by the existence, nature and extent of any adverse side effects that might accompany the administration of a particular inventive TCR material. Typically, the attending physician will decide the dosage of the inventive TCR material with which to treat each individual patient, taking into consideration a variety of factors, such as age, body weight, general health, diet, sex, inventive TCR material to be administered, route of administration, and the severity of the cancer being treated.
  • the inventive TCR material is a population of cells
  • the number of cells administered per infusion may vary, e.g., from about 1 x 10 6 to about 1 x 10 12 cells or more. In certain embodiments, fewer than 1 x 10 6 cells may be administered.
  • inventive TCR materials of the invention can be modified in any number of ways, such that the therapeutic or prophylactic efficacy of the inventive TCR materials is increased through the modification.
  • inventive TCR materials can be conjugated either directly or indirectly through a bridge to a chemotherapeutic agent.
  • the practice of conjugating compounds to a chemotherapeutic agent is known in the art.
  • sites on the inventive TCR materials which are not necessary for the function of the inventive TCR materials, are suitable sites for attaching a bridge and/or a chemotherapeutic agent, provided that the bridge and/or chemotherapeutic agent, once attached to the inventive TCR materials, do(es) not interfere with the function of the inventive TCR materials, i.e., the ability to bind to mutated RAS or to detect, treat, or prevent cancer.
  • inventive pharmaceutical compositions TCRs, polypeptides, proteins, nucleic acids, recombinant expression vectors, host cells, and populations of cells can be used in methods of treating or preventing cancer.
  • inventive TCRs are believed to bind specifically to mutated RAS, such that the TCR (or related inventive polypeptide or protein), when expressed by a cell, is able to mediate an immune response against a target cell expressing mutated RAS.
  • the invention provides a method of treating or preventing cancer in a mammal, comprising administering to the mammal any of the pharmaceutical compositions, TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, any nucleic acid or recombinant expression vector comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding any of the TCRs, polypeptides, proteins described herein, or any host cell or population of cells comprising a recombinant vector which encodes any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, in an amount effective to treat or prevent cancer in the mammal.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides a method of inducing an immune response against a cancer in a mammal, comprising administering to the mammal any of the pharmaceutical compositions, TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, any nucleic acid or recombinant expression vector comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, or any host cell or population of cells comprising a recombinant vector which encodes any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, in an amount effective to induce an immune response against the cancer in the mammal.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides any of the pharmaceutical compositions, TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, any nucleic acid or recombinant expression vector comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding any of the TCRs, polypeptides, proteins described herein, or any host cell or population of cells comprising a recombinant vector which encodes any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, for use in the treatment or prevention of cancer in a mammal.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides any of the pharmaceutical compositions, TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, any nucleic acid or recombinant expression vector comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, or any host cell or population of cells comprising a recombinant vector which encodes any of the TCRs, polypeptides, or proteins described herein, for use in inducing an immune response against a cancer in a mammal.
  • inventive methods can provide any amount of any level of treatment or prevention of cancer in a mammal.
  • the treatment or prevention provided by the inventive method can include treatment or prevention of one or more conditions or symptoms of the cancer being treated or prevented.
  • treatment or prevention can include promoting the regression of a tumor.
  • prevention can encompass delaying the onset of the cancer, or a symptom or condition thereof. Alternatively or additionally, “prevention” may encompass preventing or delaying the recurrence of cancer, or a symptom or condition thereof.
  • a method of detecting the presence of cancer in a mammal comprises (i) contacting a sample comprising one or more cells from the mammal with any of the inventive TCRs, polypeptides, proteins, nucleic acids, recombinant expression vectors, host cells, populations of cells, or pharmaceutical compositions described herein, thereby forming a complex, and (ii) detecting the complex, wherein detection of the complex is indicative of the presence of cancer in the mammal.
  • the sample of cells can be a sample comprising whole cells, lysates thereof, or a fraction of the whole cell lysates, e.g., a nuclear or cytoplasmic fraction, a whole protein fraction, or a nucleic acid fraction.
  • the contacting can take place in vitro or in vivo with respect to the mammal.
  • the contacting is in vitro.
  • detection of the complex can occur through any number of ways known in the art.
  • the inventive TCRs, polypeptides, proteins, nucleic acids, recombinant expression vectors, host cells, or populations of cells, described herein can be labeled with a detectable label such as, for instance, a radioisotope, a fluorophore (e.g., fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), phycoerythrin (PE)), an enzyme (e.g., alkaline phosphatase, horseradish peroxidase), and element particles (e.g., gold particles).
  • a detectable label such as, for instance, a radioisotope, a fluorophore (e.g., fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), phycoerythrin (PE)), an enzyme (e.g., alkaline phosphatase, horseradish peroxidase), and element particles (e.g., gold particles).
  • the cells can be cells that are allogeneic or autologous to the mammal.
  • the cells are autologous to the mammal.
  • the cancer can be any cancer, including, e.g., any of acute lymphocytic cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, bone cancer, brain cancer, breast cancer, cancer of the anus, anal canal, or anorectum, cancer of the eye, cancer of the intrahepatic bile duct, cancer of the joints, cancer of the neck, gallbladder, or pleura, cancer of the nose, nasal cavity, or middle ear, cancer of the oral cavity, cancer of the vagina, cancer of the vulva, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid cancer, colon cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, esophageal cancer, uterine cervical cancer, gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor, glioma, Hodgkin lymphoma, hypopharynx cancer, kidney cancer, larynx cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, malignant mesothelioma,
  • any cancer including, e.g.
  • a preferred cancer is pancreatic, colorectal, lung, endometrial, ovarian, or prostate cancer.
  • the lung cancer is lung adenocarcinoma
  • the ovarian cancer is epithelial ovarian cancer
  • the pancreatic cancer is pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
  • the cancer expresses a mutated human RAS amino acid sequence, wherein the mutated human RAS amino acid sequence is a mutated human KRAS, a mutated human HRAS, or a mutated human NRAS amino acid sequence.
  • the mutated human KRAS, mutated human HRAS, and mutated human NRAS expressed by the cancer may be as described herein with respect to other aspects of the invention.
  • the mammal referred to in the inventive methods can be any mammal.
  • the term "mammal” refers to any mammal, including, but not limited to, mammals of the order Rodentia, such as mice and hamsters, and mammals of the order Logomorpha, such as rabbits. It is preferred that the mammals are from the order Carnivora, including Felines (cats) and Canines (dogs). It is more preferred that the mammals are from the order Artiodactyla, including Bovines (cows) and Swines (pigs) or of the order Perssodactyla, including Equines (horses). It is most preferred that the mammals are of the order Primates, Ceboids, or Simoids (monkeys) or of the order Anthropoids (humans and apes). An especially preferred mammal is the human.
  • PBL peripheral blood lymphocytes
  • PBL were sorted into CD4 or CD8 memory and effector T cells.
  • IVS In vitro stimulation
  • PBL PBL of patient 4360 enriched for CD4 or CD8 cells.
  • the PBL were stimulated with DC loaded with 10 pg/ml RAS G12V long peptide (LP) (MTEYKLVVV GAV GV GKS ALTIQLI, SEQ ID NO: 30).
  • LP RAS G12V long peptide
  • Figure 1A shows a flow cytometry assay dot plot showing the gating strategy in which CD4 lymphocyte T cells were sorted for high expression of 0X40 and 41BB surface markers following the RAS G12V LP IVS (DC treated with DMSO was used as a negative control).
  • the sorted cells, as indicated in Figure 1 A were then sorted and expanded using rapid expansion (REP) for 14 days.
  • REP rapid expansion
  • the expanded cells then were stimulated with DC loaded with 10 pg/ml RAS G12V LP or DC treated with DMSO.
  • T cells with and without anti-CD28/CD3 beads were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. After overnight co-culturing, cells were analyzed by IFN-g ELISpot (Figure 1C) and by flow cytometry for 41BB/OX40 surface marker upregulation in the live/CD3 + /CD4 + gated population ( Figure ID).
  • IFN-g ELISpot Figure 3, left axis and bars
  • 41BB/OX40 flow cytometry assay Figure 3, right axis and circles
  • the cells were co-cultured with COS7 transfected with DNA plasmids containing the different combinations of the patient’s MHC-II a and b chains and loaded with RAS G12V LP. Cell reactivity was found against RAS G12V restricted by DPB1*03:01.
  • This Example demonstrates identification of TCRs of the PBL of Example 2, in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
  • TCR1, TCR2 Two TCRs (TCR1, TCR2) that were identified by single-cell sequencing from patient 4360 CD4 PBL after LP IVS (within the 84.2% of cells as shown in Figure IB and explained in Example 1) were sequenced.
  • Table 6 shows the sequence of 4360 TCR1, with CDR sequences underlined.
  • TCR2 was found to have a CDR3 sequence of ASSSGTGVAEAF (SEQ ID NO: 26). The sequence also was found to have a cysteine N-terminal to the first amino acid (alanine) and a phenylalanine C-terminal to the last amino acid (phenylalanine).
  • This Example demonstrates the construction of a retroviral vector encoding TCR1 and TCR2, in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
  • An MSGV1 based-retroviral vector was constructed which encoded the TCR alpha and beta chain variable regions of TCR1 with the exception that the amino acid residue at position 2 of the N-terminal signal peptide of the beta chain was changed to an alanine in order to facilitate cloning into the vector. Additional modifications to the wild-type TCR were made, as described in more detail below.
  • the TCR VDJ regions were fused to the mouse TCRfJ constant chain, and the TCRoc VJ regions were fused to the mouse TCRoc constant chain. Without being bound to a particular theory or mechanism, it is believed that using the murine constant regions improves TCR expression and functionality (Cohen et al., Cancer Res., 66(17): 8878-8886 (2006)).
  • the murine TCRoc and TCRfJ constant chains were cysteine-modified, and transmembrane hydrophobic mutations were introduced into the murine TCRoc constant chain.
  • TCR and TCRoc chains were separated by a Furin SGSG P2A linker (RAKRS GS GATNF S LLKQ AGD VEENPGP) (SEQ ID NO: 25) to ensure a comparable expression efficiency of the two chains (Szymczak et al., Nat. Biotechnok, 22(5):589-94 (2004)).
  • RAKRS GS GATNF S LLKQ AGD VEENPGP Furin SGSG P2A linker
  • SEQ ID NO: 25 Furin SGSG P2A linker
  • the expression cassette had the following configuration: 5 N co I - V D J b- mC b- F uri n/S GS G/P2 A- V J a- mC a- S al 13 .
  • the nucleotide sequence of the TCR was codon optimized for human T cell expression by Genscript codon optimization tool. This example describes a synthesis of bicistronic vector in 5’TCRb to TCRa 3’ orientation, but the order of TCd3 ⁇ 4]3 to TCRa can be reversed.
  • the vector insert sequences were codon optimized for expression in human tissues.
  • This Example demonstrates characterization of TCRs of the PBL of Example 2 as identified in Example 3, using the retroviral vectors of Example 4, in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
  • TCR1 and TCR2 were virally transduced into a Jurkat-CD4-NFAT-
  • Luciferase cell line and then co-cultured with DC loaded with RAS G12V LP, RAS WT LP at 1 pg/ml, or DC treated with the equivalent amount of DMSO. Luciferase activity was measured ( Figure 4A).
  • PBL of patient 4360 were transduced with TCR1 or TCR2, or for negative controls, transduced with WT GFP, empty plasmid (Mock) or left untransduced.
  • the PBL follow LP IVS from Example 1, Figure 1, and Figure 2.
  • the cells then were co-cultured with autologous DC loaded with RAS G12V LP or RAS WT LP or co-cultured with autologous DC mRNA transfected with RAS G12V full length (FL) (SEQ ID NO: 14) or RAS WT FL (SEQ ID NO: 10).
  • T cells cultured alone and PBL cultured with DMSO were used as negative controls.
  • This Example demonstrates TIL following IVS were found to be reactive to RAS g12V and to recognize the same MHC-II restriction as TCR1.
  • TIL fragments were used as the cell source and were stimulated by IVS.
  • the TILs were co-cultured with autologous DC pulsed with RAS G12V LP peptide or co-cultured with autologous DC RNA-transfected with RAS G12V FL. In any stage of the IVS if there were not enough cells, some fragments were pooled together with other fragments.
  • T cells (TIL) co- cultured alone and co-cultured with DC loaded with DMSO were used as negative controls.
  • TIL cultured with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibody-conjugated Dynabeads were used as a positive control.
  • TIL after IVS were tested for reactivity by measuring expression of 41BB and 0X40 by flow cytometry ( Figure 5A) and by IFN-g ELISPOT measurement of IFN-g secretion (Table 7).
  • the MHC-II restriction element recognized by 4360 CD4 TIL after IVS was determined using IFN-g ELISpot.
  • the cells were co-cultured with COS7 transfected with DNA plasmids containing the different combinations of the patient’s MHC-II a and b chains and loaded with RAS G12V LP.
  • PBL virally transduced with TCR 1 were used as a positive control.
  • the results are in Figure 5B. TIL following IVS were found to recognize the same MHC-II restriction as TCR1.
  • TCR 5 to 10 six additional TCR sequences were found from TIL after IVS as described in Example 6 (TCR 5 to 10).
  • Table 8 shows the sequence of 4360 TCR5, with CDR sequences underlined.
  • TCRs 6-10 were found to have the following CDR3 sequences.
  • TCR 6 ASTLQGRAGANVLT (SEQ ID NO: 29);
  • TCR 7 ASSQPGLAGGGDTQY (SEQ ID NO: 59);
  • TCR 8 ASSQSTSGSGSSIQY (SEQ ID NO: 60);
  • TCR 9 ATSRDVGSVEQY (SEQ ID NO: 61);
  • TCR10 ASSPNAGNTEAF (SEQ ID NO: 62).
  • TCRs 5-10 also were found to have a cysteine N-terminal to the first amino acid (serine/alanine) and a TCRs 5-9 were found to have a phenylalanine C-terminal to the last amino acid (tyrosine/phenylalanine).
  • TCR virally transduced PBLs were tested for reactivity by co-culturing with autologous DC loaded with RAS G12V or RAS WT LP. DC loaded with DMSO were used as a negative control. PBL cultured with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibody-conjugated Dynabeads were used as a positive control. IFN-g ELISPOT measurements were taken ( Figure 6). No reactivity was detected in TCRs 6, 7, 9, or 10. TCR8 exhibited reactivity in all experiments and was not further pursued.
  • This Example demonstrates the construction of a retroviral vector encoding TCR5, in accordance with embodiments of the invention.
  • An MSGV1 based-retroviral vector was constructed which encoded the TCR alpha and beta chain variable regions of TCR1 with the exception that the amino acid residue at position 2 of the N-terminal signal peptide of the beta chain was changed to an alanine in order to facilitate cloning into the vector. Additional modifications to the wild-type TCR were made, as described in more detail below.
  • the TCR VDJ regions were fused to the mouse TCRfi constant chain, and the TCRoc VJ regions were fused to the mouse TCRoc constant chain. Without being bound to a particular theory or mechanism, it is believed that using the murine constant regions improves TCR expression and functionality (Cohen et al., Cancer Res., 66(17): 8878-8886 (2006)).
  • the murine TCRoc and TCRfi constant chains were cysteine-modified, and transmembrane hydrophobic mutations were introduced into the murine TCRoc constant chain.
  • TCR and TCRoc chains were separated by a Furin SGSG P2A linker (RAKRS GS GATNF S LLKQ AGD VEENPGP) (SEQ ID NO: 25) to ensure a comparable expression efficiency of the two chains (Szymczak et al., Nat. Biotechnok, 22(5):589-94 (2004)).
  • RAKRS GS GATNF S LLKQ AGD VEENPGP Furin SGSG P2A linker
  • SEQ ID NO: 25 Furin SGSG P2A linker
  • the expression cassette had the following configuration: 5 N co I - V D J b- mC b- F uri n/S GS G/P2 A- V J a- mC a- S al 13 .
  • the nucleotide sequence of the TCR was codon optimized for human T cell expression by Genscript codon optimization tool. This example describes a synthesis of bicistronic vector in 5’TCRb to TCRa 3’ orientation, but the order of TCd3 ⁇ 4]3 to TCRa can be reversed.
  • the vector insert sequences were codon optimized for an expression in human tissues.
  • TCR1 and TCR5 were virally transduced, using the retroviral vectors described in Examples 4 and 8, into PBLs that were then co-cultured with autologous DC loaded with RAS G12V LP or RAS WT LP in different concentrations.
  • the results of flow cytometry assays of 4-1BB and 0X40 (% 4-1BB+/OX40+) expression and ELISPOT measurements of IFN-g secretion (number of spots per 3e4 cells) are shown in Figures 7A-7G.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Cell Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
PCT/US2021/019775 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 Hla class ii-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12v mutation Ceased WO2021173902A1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020227033222A KR20220143939A (ko) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 G12v 돌연변이를 갖는 ras에 대한 hla 클래스 ii-제한된 t 세포 수용체
MX2022010157A MX2022010157A (es) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 Receptores de células t restringidos a hla clase ii contra ras con mutación g12v.
US17/802,464 US20230159614A1 (en) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 Hla class ii-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12v mutation
AU2021225872A AU2021225872A1 (en) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 HLA class II-restricted T cell receptors against RAS with G12V mutation
BR112022016661A BR112022016661A2 (pt) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 Receptores de células t restritos ao hla classe ii contra ras com mutação g12v
CA3169086A CA3169086A1 (en) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 Hla class ii-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12v mutation
JP2022551537A JP7742354B2 (ja) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 Ｇ１２ｖ変異を有するｒａｓに対するｈｌａクラスｉｉ拘束性ｔ細胞受容体
GB2212195.8A GB2610069B (en) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 HLA class II-restricted T cell receptors against RAS with G12V mutation
CN202180016761.4A CN115244075A (zh) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 针对含有g12v突变的ras的hla ii类限制性t细胞受体
EP21712694.5A EP4110804A1 (en) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 Hla class ii-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12v mutation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202062981856P 2020-02-26 2020-02-26
US62/981,856 2020-02-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021173902A1 true WO2021173902A1 (en) 2021-09-02

Family

ID=74885105

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2021/019775 Ceased WO2021173902A1 (en) 2020-02-26 2021-02-26 Hla class ii-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12v mutation

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20230159614A1 (enExample)
EP (1) EP4110804A1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP7742354B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR20220143939A (enExample)
CN (1) CN115244075A (enExample)
AU (1) AU2021225872A1 (enExample)
BR (1) BR112022016661A2 (enExample)
CA (1) CA3169086A1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB2610069B (enExample)
MX (1) MX2022010157A (enExample)
TW (1) TWI900533B (enExample)
WO (1) WO2021173902A1 (enExample)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022111451A1 (zh) * 2020-11-24 2022-06-02 上海吉倍生物技术有限公司 Ras突变体表位肽及识别ras突变体的t细胞受体
WO2022183167A1 (en) 2021-02-25 2022-09-01 Alaunos Therapeutics, Inc. Recombinant vectors comprising polycistronic expression cassettes and methods of use thereof
WO2023150562A1 (en) 2022-02-01 2023-08-10 Alaunos Therapeutics, Inc. Methods for activation and expansion of t cells
US11859009B2 (en) 2021-05-05 2024-01-02 Immatics Biotechnologies Gmbh Antigen binding proteins specifically binding PRAME

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8034334B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2011-10-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Immunotherapy with in vitro-selected antigen-specific lymphocytes after non-myeloablative lymphodepleting chemotherapy
US20120244133A1 (en) 2011-03-22 2012-09-27 The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary, Department of Health and Methods of growing tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in gas-permeable containers
US8383099B2 (en) 2009-08-28 2013-02-26 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Adoptive cell therapy with young T cells
WO2019060349A1 (en) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-28 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services CLASS II HLA RESTRICTED T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTORS AGAINST KRAS MUTATED
WO2019112941A1 (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-13 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Hla class i-restricted t cell receptors against mutated ras
WO2019180271A1 (en) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 Oslo Universitetssykehus Hf Method of diagnosing celiac disease
WO2019231326A1 (en) * 2018-05-31 2019-12-05 ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN (h.o.d.n.LUMC) Teipp neoantigens and uses thereof

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019129892A1 (en) * 2017-12-29 2019-07-04 Max-Delbrück-Centrum Für Molekulare Medizin In Der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft T cell receptors for tumor specific proteasome splice variants and uses thereof
WO2022183167A1 (en) * 2021-02-25 2022-09-01 Alaunos Therapeutics, Inc. Recombinant vectors comprising polycistronic expression cassettes and methods of use thereof

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8034334B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2011-10-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Immunotherapy with in vitro-selected antigen-specific lymphocytes after non-myeloablative lymphodepleting chemotherapy
US8383099B2 (en) 2009-08-28 2013-02-26 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Adoptive cell therapy with young T cells
US20120244133A1 (en) 2011-03-22 2012-09-27 The United States of America, as represented by the Secretary, Department of Health and Methods of growing tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in gas-permeable containers
WO2019060349A1 (en) * 2017-09-20 2019-03-28 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services CLASS II HLA RESTRICTED T LYMPHOCYTE RECEPTORS AGAINST KRAS MUTATED
WO2019112941A1 (en) * 2017-12-04 2019-06-13 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary, Department Of Health And Human Services Hla class i-restricted t cell receptors against mutated ras
WO2019180271A1 (en) * 2018-03-23 2019-09-26 Oslo Universitetssykehus Hf Method of diagnosing celiac disease
WO2019231326A1 (en) * 2018-05-31 2019-12-05 ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN (h.o.d.n.LUMC) Teipp neoantigens and uses thereof

Non-Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
COHEN ET AL., CANCER RES., vol. 66, no. 17, 2006, pages 8878 - 8886
COHEN ET AL., CANCER RES., vol. 67, no. 8, 2007, pages 3898 - 903
DUDLEY ET AL., J. IMMUNOTHER., vol. 26, 2003, pages 332 - 42
HAGA-FRIEDMAN ET AL., J. IMMU., vol. 188, 2012, pages 5538 - 5546
JIN ET AL., JCI INSIGHT, vol. 3, no. 8, 2018, pages e99488
NIKOLICH-ZUGICH J ET AL: "THE MANY IMPORTANT FACETS OF T-CELL REPERTOIRE DIVERSITY", NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY, NATURE PUB. GROUP, GB, vol. 4, no. 2, 1 February 2004 (2004-02-01), pages 123 - 132, XP008044821, ISSN: 1474-1733, DOI: 10.1038/NRI1292 *
RIDDELL ET AL., J. IMMUNOL. METHODS, vol. 128, 1990, pages 189 - 201
SZYMCZAK ET AL., NAT. BIOTECHNOL., vol. 22, no. 5, 2004, pages 589 - 94

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022111451A1 (zh) * 2020-11-24 2022-06-02 上海吉倍生物技术有限公司 Ras突变体表位肽及识别ras突变体的t细胞受体
WO2022183167A1 (en) 2021-02-25 2022-09-01 Alaunos Therapeutics, Inc. Recombinant vectors comprising polycistronic expression cassettes and methods of use thereof
US11859009B2 (en) 2021-05-05 2024-01-02 Immatics Biotechnologies Gmbh Antigen binding proteins specifically binding PRAME
US12570760B2 (en) 2021-05-05 2026-03-10 Immatics Biotechnologies Gmbh Antigen binding proteins specifically binding PRAME
WO2023150562A1 (en) 2022-02-01 2023-08-10 Alaunos Therapeutics, Inc. Methods for activation and expansion of t cells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN115244075A (zh) 2022-10-25
EP4110804A1 (en) 2023-01-04
KR20220143939A (ko) 2022-10-25
AU2021225872A1 (en) 2022-09-15
GB2610069A (en) 2023-02-22
BR112022016661A2 (pt) 2022-10-11
GB2610069B (en) 2025-04-16
US20230159614A1 (en) 2023-05-25
TWI900533B (zh) 2025-10-11
JP7742354B2 (ja) 2025-09-19
GB202212195D0 (en) 2022-10-05
CA3169086A1 (en) 2021-09-02
MX2022010157A (es) 2022-10-18
TW202140537A (zh) 2021-11-01
JP2023527613A (ja) 2023-06-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20230080742A1 (en) Hla class i-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12d mutation
JP7742354B2 (ja) Ｇ１２ｖ変異を有するｒａｓに対するｈｌａクラスｉｉ拘束性ｔ細胞受容体
WO2021163477A1 (en) Hla class i-restricted t cell receptors against ras with g12v mutation
EP3870603A1 (en) Hla-a3-restricted t cell receptors against mutated ras
US12448428B2 (en) HLA class II-restricted t cell receptors against RAS with G12R mutation
US20230272038A1 (en) Hla class ii-restricted drb t cell receptors against ras with g12d mutation
EP4182029B1 (en) HLA-restricted class II DRB T lymphocyte receptors directed against RAS, including a G12V mutation
US20230321240A1 (en) T cell receptors recognizing r273c or y220c mutations in p53
EP4326751A1 (en) Hla class i-restricted t cell receptors against ras with q61k mutation

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21712694

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 202212195

Country of ref document: GB

Kind code of ref document: A

Free format text: PCT FILING DATE = 20210226

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2212195.8

Country of ref document: GB

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 3169086

Country of ref document: CA

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022551537

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: BR

Ref legal event code: B01A

Ref document number: 112022016661

Country of ref document: BR

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021225872

Country of ref document: AU

Date of ref document: 20210226

Kind code of ref document: A

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 20227033222

Country of ref document: KR

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021712694

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20220926

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 112022016661

Country of ref document: BR

Kind code of ref document: A2

Effective date: 20220822

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2212195.8

Country of ref document: GB

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 2212195.8

Country of ref document: GB