WO2021171833A1 - Electric signal measurement device and electric signal measurement system - Google Patents

Electric signal measurement device and electric signal measurement system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021171833A1
WO2021171833A1 PCT/JP2021/001584 JP2021001584W WO2021171833A1 WO 2021171833 A1 WO2021171833 A1 WO 2021171833A1 JP 2021001584 W JP2021001584 W JP 2021001584W WO 2021171833 A1 WO2021171833 A1 WO 2021171833A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electric signal
electrode
signal measuring
filter unit
unit
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PCT/JP2021/001584
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
祐大 近藤
一成 吉藤
僚 佐々木
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ソニーグループ株式会社
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Priority to JP2022503152A priority Critical patent/JPWO2021171833A1/ja
Publication of WO2021171833A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021171833A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
    • A61B5/0531—Measuring skin impedance
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/369—Electroencephalography [EEG]

Definitions

  • This technology relates to an electric signal measuring device and an electric signal measuring system.
  • a technique for estimating the emotion of a living body has been used. Further, it is known that it is effective to measure a plurality of modes of electric signals in order to estimate the emotion of a living body. As an example, it is known that the emotion of a living body can be estimated by measuring an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and a skin electrical activity (EDA) signal. Therefore, it is expected to realize a device capable of measuring a plurality of modes of electric signals.
  • EEG electroencephalogram
  • EDA skin electrical activity
  • An emotion recognition system including an emotion recognition device that recognizes the emotional state of the user by monitoring the biological signal for a short time is disclosed.
  • the reference potential of the human body is based on the midpoint potential between the potentials of the two electrodes for measuring the potential of the human body and the reference potential of the differential amplifier using the potential of each electrode as an input signal.
  • a reference for measuring bioelectric signals which comprises a reference potential stabilizing circuit that matches the reference potential of the differential amplifier with the reference potential of the differential amplifier, and a short-circuit circuit that short-circuits the midpoint potential to the reference potential of the differential amplifier.
  • “Potential stabilizer” is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 3 in a skin electrical activity measuring device configured to reduce the influence of a polarization voltage generated between a measuring electrode and a measuring object, the measuring object is passed through the measuring electrode.
  • a DC power supply that supplies a DC signal, a first electrode and a second electrode that constitute the measurement electrode for detecting the skin electrical activity of the measurement object by the DC signal from the DC power supply, and the DC power supply.
  • the DC power supply and the first A first signal path through which signals flow in the order of the electrodes and the second electrode, and a second signal path through which signals flow in the order of the DC power supply, the second electrode, and the first electrode are configured.
  • a skin electrical activity measuring device characterized by performing a switching operation of switching between the first signal path and the second signal path at a predetermined cycle is disclosed.
  • the main purpose of this technology is to provide an electric signal measuring device and an electric signal measuring system that measure a plurality of types of electric signals with high accuracy.
  • a plurality of electrodes for applying an electric signal to a living body and / or detecting the electric signal from the living body, and a plurality of electric signal measuring units for measuring the electric signal detected by the electrodes.
  • a reference potential and a filter unit, each of the plurality of electrical signal measurement units is connected to the reference potential, and the filter unit has at least one electrode and at least one.
  • an electric signal measuring device connected to the electric signal measuring unit.
  • the filter unit may be connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least two or more of the electrical signal measurement units.
  • the filter unit may reduce the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal.
  • the filter unit may reduce the electric signal of the DC component contained in the electric signal.
  • the filter unit may have a resistor and / or a capacitor.
  • the electrode may include a detection electrode, a reference electrode, or an application electrode.
  • the filter unit may be connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
  • the filter unit may be connected between at least one application electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
  • the filter unit may be connected between at least one reference electrode or the detection electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
  • the present technology includes an electrode that applies an electric signal to a living body and / or detects the electric signal from the living body, and a plurality of electric signal measuring units that measure the electric signal detected by the electrode.
  • each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units is connected to the reference potential, and the filter unit has at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electricity.
  • an electric signal measurement system connected to a signal measurement unit.
  • substantially parallel means not only completely parallel, but also substantially parallel, that is, including a difference of, for example, about several percent.
  • substantially parallel means not only completely parallel, but also substantially parallel, that is, including a difference of, for example, about several percent.
  • each figure is a schematic view and is not necessarily exactly illustrated.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment.
  • the electric signal measuring device 1000 includes a first electrode 101, a second electrode 102, a third electrode 103, a fourth electrode 104, and a fifth electrode 105. It is provided with at least a plurality of electrodes, a plurality of electric signal measurement units including a first electric signal measurement unit 300 and a second electric signal measurement unit 400, a reference potential GND, and a filter unit 201.
  • Each of the plurality of electrodes 101 to 105 is arranged at a position in contact with the skin surface of the living body S or at a position close to the skin surface of the living body S.
  • Each of the plurality of electrodes 101 to 105 can apply an electric signal to the living body S and / or detect the electric signal from the living body S.
  • the number of the plurality of electrodes is not limited to five.
  • Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 300 and 400 is electrically connected to each of the plurality of electrodes 101 to 105.
  • Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 300 and 400 transmits an electric signal to, for example, the third electrode 103 and the fourth electrode 104.
  • the third electrode 103 and the fourth electrode 104 apply an electric signal to the living body S.
  • the common mode noise can be reduced by inverting and amplifying the component corresponding to the common mode noise and returning it to the living body. Therefore, the third electrode 103 and the fourth electrode 104 apply an electric signal to the living body S.
  • the first electrode 101, the second electrode 102, and the fifth electrode 105 detect an electric signal from the living body S.
  • Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 300 and 400 measures the detected electric signal.
  • the electric signal measured by each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 300 and 400 the brain wave (EEG) signal, the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, the electrocardiogram (MCG) signal, the electrocardiogram (MEG) signal, and the surface electromyogram There are (EMG) signals, eye potential map (EOG) signals, skin electrical activity (EDA) signals and the like.
  • EEG brain wave
  • ECG electrocardiogram
  • MCG electrocardiogram
  • MEG electrocardiogram
  • EMG surface electromyogram
  • EMG eye potential map
  • EDA skin electrical activity
  • the first electric signal measurement unit 300 has a first power supply 301.
  • the second electric signal measurement unit 400 has a second power supply 401.
  • the first power supply 301 and the second power supply 401 are connected to one reference potential GND. Thereby, it is possible to realize that one electric signal measuring device 1000 can measure a plurality of types of electric signals. A plurality of modes of electric signals are measured with reference to this reference potential GND.
  • the filter unit 201 is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electrical signal measurement units. In the present embodiment, the filter unit 201 is connected between the third electrode 103 and the first electric signal measurement unit 300. The filter unit 201 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the first electric signal measuring unit 300.
  • the processing flow performed by the electric signal measuring device 1000 will be specifically described.
  • the first electric signal measuring unit 300 transmits an electric signal to the third electrode 103.
  • the third electrode 103 applies an electric signal (voltage) to the skin surface of the living body S. As a result, this electric signal flows into the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 through the living body S.
  • the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 detect this electric signal.
  • the first electric signal measuring unit 300 can obtain biological information by measuring the detected electric signal.
  • the second electric signal measuring unit 400 transmits an electric signal to the fourth electrode 104.
  • the fourth electrode 104 applies an electric signal to the skin surface of the living body S.
  • the fifth electrode 105 detects an electric signal from the living body S.
  • the second electric signal measuring unit 400 can obtain biological information by measuring the detected electric signal.
  • the filter unit 201 is not provided, for example, an electric signal applied to the living body S by the third electrode 103 may flow into the fifth electrode 105.
  • the second electric signal measuring unit 400 may not be able to obtain accurate biometric information.
  • EDA skin electrical activity
  • the filter unit 201 can reduce the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the first electric signal measuring unit 300. As a result, for example, the electric signal applied to the living body S by the third electrode 103 is prevented from flowing into the fifth electrode 105. Therefore, the second electric signal measuring unit 400 can measure the electric signal with high accuracy.
  • the filter unit 201 may include, for example, a resistor, a capacitor, a coil, a ferrite bead, a diode, or the like.
  • the resistor includes a variable resistor.
  • the filter unit 201 may be a material whose passive characteristics have been obtained by using an arbitrary material.
  • the filter unit 201 may be made of a material having a resistance component such as a pressure-sensitive resistance sheet.
  • the measurement target is not limited to the living body.
  • a solid, a liquid, a gas, or the like having arbitrary circuit characteristics may be the object of measurement.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment.
  • the electric signal measuring device 1001 includes a plurality of electrodes including an electrode 106, an electrode 107, an electrode 108, an electrode 109, and an electrode 110, and an electric signal measuring unit 310 and an electric signal measuring unit. It includes at least a plurality of electric signal measuring units including 410, a reference potential GND, and a filter unit 204.
  • the electrodes 106 and 110 are detection electrodes that detect, for example, an electric signal from the living body S.
  • the electrode 107 is a reference electrode that serves as a reference for the electric potential of the electric signal.
  • the electrode 108 and the electrode 109 are application electrodes for applying an electric signal to the living body S.
  • the application electrode is not limited to the one by the voltage source, but also includes the one by the current source.
  • the electric signal measurement unit 310 has an instrumentation amplifier 311, an operational amplifier 312, and a power supply 313.
  • the electrical signal measuring unit 310 measures, for example, an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal.
  • EEG electroencephalogram
  • a capacitor 202 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 311 and the electrode 106.
  • a capacitor 203 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 311 and the electrode 107. The capacitor 202 and the capacitor 203 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal.
  • the electric signal measurement unit 410 has an operational amplifier 411, an operational amplifier 412, an operational amplifier 413, a power supply 414, and a power supply 415.
  • the electrical signal measuring unit 410 measures, for example, a skin electrical activity (EDA) signal.
  • EDA skin electrical activity
  • the electric signal measurement unit 310 is connected to the AD converter 501.
  • the electric signal measuring unit 410 is connected to the AD converter 502.
  • the AD converter 501 converts the electric signal of the analog signal measured by the electric signal measuring unit 310 into a digital signal.
  • the AD converter 502 converts the electric signal of the analog signal measured by the electric signal measuring unit 410 into a digital signal.
  • the power supply 313, power supply 414, and power supply 415 are connected to the reference potential GND.
  • one electric signal measuring device 1001 can measure an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and a skin electric activity (EDA) signal.
  • EEG electroencephalogram
  • EDA skin electric activity
  • the filter unit 204 is connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit. In this embodiment, the filter unit 204 is connected between the application electrode 108 and the electric signal measurement unit 310.
  • the filter unit 204 may be, for example, a capacitor.
  • the capacitor 204 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 310.
  • the electric signal measuring unit 310 measures the potential that is the midpoint between the electric signal detected by the detection electrode 106 and the electric signal detected by the reference electrode 107.
  • the electric signal measuring unit 410 measures the potential of the electric signal detected by the detection electrode 110.
  • the electric signal applied by the application electrode 108 to the living body S is an electric signal in which the DC (direct current) component generated in the circuit is superimposed on the AC (alternating current) component of the opposite phase of the common mode noise.
  • the electric signal of this DC component adversely affects the measurement of the skin electric activity (EDA) signal of the DC method by the electric signal measuring unit 410.
  • the detection electrode 110 detects the electric signal from the living body S
  • the detection electrode 110 may also detect the electric signal of the DC component applied to the living body S by the applied electrode 108. Therefore, this electric signal becomes noise, and the electric signal measuring unit 410 may not be able to accurately measure the skin electrical activity (EDA) signal.
  • the capacitor 204 which is a filter unit, can reduce the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 310. Further, the capacitor 204, which is a filter unit, can remove the electric signal of the DC component (0 Hz component) included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 310. As a result, the detection electrode 110 can detect only the electric signal from the living body S. Therefore, the electric signal measuring unit 410 can measure the skin electrical activity (EDA) signal with high accuracy.
  • EDA skin electrical activity
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment. The difference from FIG. 2 will be mainly described.
  • the electric signal measuring device 1002 includes a plurality of electrodes including an electrode 111, an electrode 112, an electrode 113, an electrode 114, and an electrode 115, and an electric signal measuring unit 320 and an electric signal measuring unit. It includes at least a plurality of electric signal measuring units including 330, a reference potential GND, and a plurality of filter units including a filter unit 207 and a filter unit 210.
  • the electrodes 111 and 114 are detection electrodes that detect, for example, an electric signal from the living body S.
  • the electrode 112 and the electrode 115 are reference electrodes that serve as a reference for the electric potential of the electric signal.
  • the electrodes 113 and 116 are application electrodes that apply an electric signal to the living body S.
  • Each of the electric signal measuring unit 320 and the electric signal measuring unit 330 has the same configuration because it measures the same type of electric signal. That is, the electric signal measurement unit 320 has an instrumentation amplifier 321, an operational amplifier 322, and a power supply 323.
  • the electric signal measurement unit 330 includes an instrumentation amplifier 331, an operational amplifier 332, and a power supply 333.
  • Each of the electric signal measuring unit 320 and the electric signal measuring unit 330 can measure, for example, an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal.
  • EEG electroencephalogram
  • a capacitor 205 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 321 and the electrode 111.
  • a capacitor 206 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 321 and the electrode 112.
  • a capacitor 208 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 331 and the electrode 114.
  • a capacitor 209 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 331 and the electrode 115.
  • the electric signal measurement unit 320 is connected to the AD converter 503.
  • the electric signal measurement unit 330 is connected to the AD converter 504.
  • the electric signal measuring unit 320 measures the potential that is the midpoint between the electric signal detected by the electrode 111 which is the detection electrode and the electric signal detected by the electrode 112 which is the reference electrode.
  • the electric signal measuring unit 330 measures the potential that is the midpoint between the electric signal detected by the electrode 114, which is the detection electrode, and the electric signal detected by the electrode 115, which is the reference electrode.
  • Each of the filter unit 207 and the filter unit 208 is connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
  • the filter unit 207 is connected between the application electrode 113 and the electric signal measurement unit 320.
  • the filter unit 210 is connected between the application electrode 116 and the electric signal measurement unit 330.
  • Each of the filter unit 207 and the filter unit 208 may be, for example, a resistor. With such a configuration of the electric signal measuring device 1002, the resistance ratio of the resistors 207 and 210 can be designed so that the effect of removing common mode noise is enhanced. Each of the resistor 207 and the resistor 210 may be a variable resistor whose resistance value changes.
  • the electric signal measuring device 1002 since the electric signal measuring device 1002 has such a configuration, the Tepnan theorem can be applied. Therefore, by adjusting the resistance ratio of the resistor 207 and the resistor 210, it becomes easy to adjust the amount of the electric signal applied by the application electrode 113 and the application electrode 116.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment. Differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
  • the electric signal measuring device 2000 includes a plurality of electrodes including a first electrode 117, a second electrode 118, a third electrode 119, and a fourth electrode 120. It includes at least a plurality of electric signal measuring units including a first electric signal measuring unit 600 and a second electric signal measuring unit 700, a reference potential GND, and a filter unit 211.
  • one electric signal measuring device measures electric signals of a plurality of modes
  • EEG electroencephalogram
  • at least three or more electrodes detection electrode, reference electrode, and application electrode
  • at least two or more electrodes are required to measure the skin electrical activity (EDA) signal. Therefore, when one electrical signal measuring device measures an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and a skin electrical activity (EDA) signal, at least five or more electrodes are required.
  • an optimum electrode placement position for the measurement for each style there may be an electrode placement position on the skin surface of the living body, which is optimal for measuring an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, and an electrode placement position on the skin surface of the living body, which is optimal for measuring a skin electrical activity (EDA) signal.
  • EEG electroencephalogram
  • EDA skin electrical activity
  • the optimum placement position for measuring electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and the optimum placement position for measuring skin electrical activity (EDA) signals are the same.
  • EEG electroencephalogram
  • EDA skin electrical activity
  • the third electrode 119 is shared by the first electric signal measuring unit 600 and the second electric signal measuring unit 700.
  • the third electrode 119 is connected to the first electric signal measuring unit 600 and at the same time connected to the second electric signal measuring unit 700.
  • a filter unit 211 is connected between the third electrode 119 and the first electric signal measurement unit 600. That is, the filter unit 211 is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least two or more of the electrical signal measurement units.
  • the filter unit 211 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the first electric signal measuring unit 600. As a result, for example, the electric signal applied to the living body S by the third electrode 119 is prevented from flowing into the fourth electrode 120. Therefore, the second electric signal measuring unit 700 can measure the electric signal with high accuracy.
  • each of the plurality of electrodes is reduced by sharing the third electrode 119 with the first electric signal measuring unit 600 and the second electric signal measuring unit 700. Therefore, it can contribute to the miniaturization of the electric signal measuring device. Further, each of the plurality of electrodes can be arranged at an optimum position on the skin surface of the living body.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment. The difference from FIG. 2 will be mainly described.
  • the electrodes 121 and 124 are detection electrodes that detect, for example, an electric signal from the living body S.
  • the electrode 122 is a reference electrode that serves as a reference for the electric potential of the electric signal.
  • the electrode 123 is an application electrode that applies an electric signal to the living body S.
  • the electrode 123 is shared by the electric signal measurement unit 610 and the electric signal measurement unit 710.
  • the electrode 123 is connected to the electric signal measuring unit 610 and at the same time connected to the electric signal measuring unit 710.
  • a filter unit 214 is connected between the electrode 119 and the electric signal measurement unit 610. That is, the filter unit 214 is connected between at least one application electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
  • the filter unit 214 may be, for example, a capacitor.
  • the capacitor 214 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 610.
  • the electric signal measuring device 2001 has such a configuration, for example, the electric signal applied to the living body S by the electric signal measuring unit 710 via the electrode 123 is reduced from flowing into the electrode 121 or the electrode 122. Therefore, the electric signal measuring unit 610 can measure the electric signal with high accuracy.
  • each of the plurality of electrodes can be arranged at an optimum position on the skin surface of the living body.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment. The difference from FIG. 5 will be mainly described.
  • the electrode 125 is, for example, a detection electrode that detects an electric signal from the living body S.
  • the electrode 126 is both a reference electrode and a detection electrode that serve as a reference for the electric potential of the electric signal.
  • the electrode 127 is an application electrode that applies an electric signal to the living body S.
  • the electrode 127 is shared by the electric signal measurement unit 620 and the electric signal measurement unit 720.
  • the electrode 127 is connected to the electric signal measuring unit 620 and at the same time connected to the electric signal measuring unit 720. Further, a filter unit 217 is connected between the electrode 127 and the electric signal measurement unit 620.
  • the electrode 126 is shared by the electric signal measuring unit 620 and the electric signal measuring unit 720.
  • the electrode 126 is connected to the electric signal measuring unit 620 and at the same time connected to the electric signal measuring unit 720.
  • a filter unit 218 is connected between the electrode 126 and the electric signal measurement unit 720. That is, the filter unit 218 is connected between at least one reference electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
  • the filter unit 217 may be, for example, a capacitor.
  • the filter unit 217 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 620.
  • the filter unit 218 has, for example, a resistor and a capacitor, and can function as, for example, a low-pass filter or the like.
  • the resistors and capacitors may be connected in series or in parallel. Alternatively, the resistors and capacitors may be connected in a configuration such as a delta type or a star type.
  • the filter unit 218 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 620.
  • the filter unit 218 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal detected by the electrode 126. As a result, it is possible to prevent the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal related to the electric signal measuring unit 620 detected by the electrode 126 from flowing into the electric signal measuring unit 720.
  • EEG electroencephalogram
  • the electrical signal measuring device 2002 has the same number of electrodes as the electrical signal measuring device that measures only the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, but the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and the skin electrical activity (EDA). Signals can be measured at the same time.
  • the electric signal measuring unit 620 and the electric signal measuring unit 720 may share the electrode 125.
  • the filter unit 218 is connected between at least one detection electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric signal measurement system according to the present embodiment.
  • the electric signal measurement system 3000 includes a first electrode 128, a second electrode 129, a third electrode 130, a fourth electrode 131, and a fifth electrode 132. It is provided with at least a plurality of electrodes, a plurality of electric signal measurement units including a first electric signal measurement unit 800 and a second electric signal measurement unit 900, a reference potential GND, and a filter unit 219.
  • Each of the plurality of electrodes 128 to 132 is arranged at a position in contact with the skin surface of the living body S or at a position close to the skin surface of the living body S.
  • Each of the plurality of electrodes 128 to 132 can apply an electric signal to the living body S and / or detect the electric signal from the living body S.
  • the number of the plurality of electrodes is not limited to five.
  • Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 800 and 900 is electrically connected to each of the plurality of electrodes 128 to 132.
  • Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 800 and 900 transmits an electric signal to, for example, the third electrode 130 and the fourth electrode 131.
  • the third electrode 130 and the fourth electrode 131 apply an electric signal to the living body S.
  • the first electrode 128, the second electrode 129, and the fifth electrode 132 detect an electric signal from the living body S.
  • Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 800 and 900 measures the detected electric signal.
  • the electric signal measured by each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 800 and 900 the brain wave (EEG) signal, the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, the electrocardiogram (MCG) signal, the electrocardiogram (MEG) signal, and the surface electromyogram There are (EMG) signals, eye potential map (EOG) signals, skin electrical activity (EDA) signals and the like.
  • EMG brain wave
  • ECG electrocardiogram
  • MCG electrocardiogram
  • MEG electrocardiogram
  • EMG surface electromyogram
  • EMG eye potential map
  • EDA skin electrical activity
  • the first electric signal measurement unit 800 has a first power supply 801.
  • the second electric signal measuring unit 900 has a second power supply 901.
  • the first power supply 801 and the second power supply 901 are connected to one reference potential GND. Thereby, it is possible to realize that one electric signal measurement system 3000 can measure a plurality of types of electric signals. A plurality of modes of electric signals are measured with reference to this reference potential GND.
  • the filter unit 219 is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electrical signal measurement units. In the present embodiment, the filter unit 219 is connected between the third electrode 130 and the first electric signal measurement unit 800. The filter unit 219 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the first electric signal measuring unit 800.
  • the electric signal measurement system 3000 can utilize the techniques described in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, the description will be omitted again.
  • the present technology can also have the following configurations.
  • the filter unit is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least two or more of the electrical signal measurement units.
  • the electric signal measuring device according to [1].
  • the filter unit reduces the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal.
  • the filter unit reduces the electric signal of the DC component contained in the electric signal.
  • the electric signal measuring device according to any one of [1] to [3].
  • the filter unit has a resistor and / or a capacitor.
  • the electrode includes a detection electrode, a reference electrode, or an application electrode.
  • the filter unit is connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
  • the filter unit is connected between at least one application electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
  • the filter unit is connected between at least one reference electrode or detection electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
  • the electric signal measuring device according to any one of [6] to [8].
  • An electrode that applies an electrical signal to a living body and / or detects the electrical signal from the living body, and A plurality of electric signal measuring units for measuring the electric signal detected by the electrode, and With reference potential It has at least a filter part, Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units is connected to the reference potential.
  • An electric signal measurement system in which the filter unit is connected between at least one electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
  • S Living body 101-132: Electrodes 300, 310, 320, 330, 410, 600, 610, 620, 700, 710, 720, 800, 900: Electrical signal measurement unit GND: Reference potential 201, 204, 207, 210, 211, 214, 217, 218, 219: Filter unit 1000, 1001, 1002, 2000, 2001, 2002: Electric signal measuring device 3000: Electric signal measuring system

Abstract

Provided are an electric signal measurement device and an electric signal measurement system for accurately measuring electric signals of a plurality of modes.　This technology provides an electric signal measurement device and an electric signal measurement system. The electric signal measurement device is provided with at least: a plurality of electrodes for applying electric signals to a living body and/or detecting the electric signals from the living body; a plurality of electric signal measurement units for measuring the electric signals detected by the electrodes; a reference potential; and a filter unit. Each of the plurality of electric signal measurement units is connected to the reference potential. The filter unit is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electric signal measurement units.

Description

電気信号計測装置及び電気信号計測システムElectrical signal measuring device and electrical signal measuring system
　本技術は、電気信号計測装置及び電気信号計測システムに関する。 This technology relates to an electric signal measuring device and an electric signal measuring system.
　従来、生体の情動を推定する技術が利用されている。また、生体の情動を推定するためには、複数の様式の電気信号を計測することが有効であることが知られている。一例を挙げると、脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号及び皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号を計測することにより、生体の情動を推定できることが知られている。そのため、複数の様式の電気信号が計測できる装置の実現が期待されている。 Conventionally, a technique for estimating the emotion of a living body has been used. Further, it is known that it is effective to measure a plurality of modes of electric signals in order to estimate the emotion of a living body. As an example, it is known that the emotion of a living body can be estimated by measuring an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and a skin electrical activity (EDA) signal. Therefore, it is expected to realize a device capable of measuring a plurality of modes of electric signals.
　例えば、特許文献１では、「ユーザの身体に着用されて少なくとも一つ以上の生体信号を取得し、取得された前記生体信号を無線伝送する生体信号取得装置と、前記生体信号取得装置から送られてきた前記生体信号を短時間モニタリングして前記ユーザの情緒状態を認識する情緒認識装置と、を備えることを特徴とする情緒認識システム」が開示されている。 For example, in Patent Document 1, "a biological signal acquisition device worn on a user's body to acquire at least one or more biological signals and wirelessly transmitting the acquired biological signals, and a biological signal acquisition device sent from the biological signal acquisition device. An emotion recognition system including an emotion recognition device that recognizes the emotional state of the user by monitoring the biological signal for a short time is disclosed.
　例えば、特許文献２では、「人体の電位を測定する２つの電極の各電位間の中点電位、及び前記各電極の電位を入力信号とする差動増幅器の基準電位に基づいて人体の基準電位と前記差動増幅器の基準電位とを一致させる基準電位安定化回路と、前記中点電位を前記差動増幅器の基準電位に短絡させる短絡回路とを備えることを特徴とする生体電気信号計測の基準電位安定化装置」が開示されている。 For example, in Patent Document 2, "the reference potential of the human body is based on the midpoint potential between the potentials of the two electrodes for measuring the potential of the human body and the reference potential of the differential amplifier using the potential of each electrode as an input signal. A reference for measuring bioelectric signals, which comprises a reference potential stabilizing circuit that matches the reference potential of the differential amplifier with the reference potential of the differential amplifier, and a short-circuit circuit that short-circuits the midpoint potential to the reference potential of the differential amplifier. "Potential stabilizer" is disclosed.
　例えば、特許文献３では、「測定電極と測定対象物との間に発生する分極電圧の影響を低減するように構成された皮膚電気活動測定装置において、前記測定対象物に前記測定電極を介して直流信号を供給する直流電源と、該直流電源からの直流信号により前記測定対象物の皮膚電気活動を検知するための前記測定電極を構成する第１の電極及び第２の電極と、前記直流電源と前記第１の電極及び前記第２の電極に接続された複数のスイッチからなる極性切替部とを備え、該極性切替部の前記複数のスイッチを切り替えることにより、前記直流電源と前記第１の電極と前記第２の電極の順に信号が流れる第１の信号経路と、前記直流電源と前記第２の電極と前記第１の電極の順に信号が流れる第２の信号経路とを構成して、前記第１の信号経路と前記第２の信号経路とを所定の周期で切り替える切り替え動作を行うことを特徴とする皮膚電気活動測定装置」が開示されている。 For example, in Patent Document 3, "in a skin electrical activity measuring device configured to reduce the influence of a polarization voltage generated between a measuring electrode and a measuring object, the measuring object is passed through the measuring electrode. A DC power supply that supplies a DC signal, a first electrode and a second electrode that constitute the measurement electrode for detecting the skin electrical activity of the measurement object by the DC signal from the DC power supply, and the DC power supply. The DC power supply and the first A first signal path through which signals flow in the order of the electrodes and the second electrode, and a second signal path through which signals flow in the order of the DC power supply, the second electrode, and the first electrode are configured. A skin electrical activity measuring device characterized by performing a switching operation of switching between the first signal path and the second signal path at a predetermined cycle is disclosed.
特開２００４－０００４７４号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-000474 特開２００３－３３９６５６号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-339656 特開２０１４－０２３７１１号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-023711
　しかし、複数の様式の電気信号を一つの装置が計測するために複数の電気信号計測部が一つの基準電位（ＧＮＤ）を共有する場合、生体を介した電気的な干渉が生じるという問題がある。 However, when a plurality of electric signal measuring units share one reference potential (GND) because one device measures a plurality of types of electric signals, there is a problem that electrical interference occurs through a living body. ..
　そこで本技術では、複数の様式の電気信号を高精度に計測する電気信号計測装置及び電気信号計測システムを提供することを主目的とする。 Therefore, the main purpose of this technology is to provide an electric signal measuring device and an electric signal measuring system that measure a plurality of types of electric signals with high accuracy.
　すなわち、本技術は、生体へ電気信号を印加する、及び／又は、前記生体からの前記電気信号を検知する複数の電極と、前記電極が検知した前記電気信号を計測する複数の電気信号計測部と、基準電位と、フィルタ部と、を少なくとも備えており、前記複数の電気信号計測部のそれぞれが、前記基準電位に接続されており、前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、電気信号計測装置を提供する。
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されていてもよい。
　前記フィルタ部が、前記電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の前記電気信号を低減してもよい。
　前記フィルタ部が、前記電気信号に含まれるＤＣ成分の前記電気信号を低減してもよい。
　前記フィルタ部が、抵抗及び／又はコンデンサを有していてもよい。
　前記電極には、検知電極、基準電極、又は印加電極が含まれていてもよい。
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されていていてもよい。
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されていてもよい。
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記基準電極又は前記検知電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されていてもよい。
　また、本技術は、生体へ電気信号を印加する、及び／又は、前記生体からの前記電気信号を検知する電極と、前記電極が検知した前記電気信号を計測する複数の電気信号計測部と、基準電位と、フィルタ部と、を少なくとも備えており、前記複数の電気信号計測部のそれぞれが、前記基準電位に接続されており、前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、電気信号計測システムを提供する。 That is, in the present technology, a plurality of electrodes for applying an electric signal to a living body and / or detecting the electric signal from the living body, and a plurality of electric signal measuring units for measuring the electric signal detected by the electrodes. , A reference potential, and a filter unit, each of the plurality of electrical signal measurement units is connected to the reference potential, and the filter unit has at least one electrode and at least one. Provided is an electric signal measuring device connected to the electric signal measuring unit.
The filter unit may be connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least two or more of the electrical signal measurement units.
The filter unit may reduce the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal.
The filter unit may reduce the electric signal of the DC component contained in the electric signal.
The filter unit may have a resistor and / or a capacitor.
The electrode may include a detection electrode, a reference electrode, or an application electrode.
The filter unit may be connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
The filter unit may be connected between at least one application electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
The filter unit may be connected between at least one reference electrode or the detection electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
Further, the present technology includes an electrode that applies an electric signal to a living body and / or detects the electric signal from the living body, and a plurality of electric signal measuring units that measure the electric signal detected by the electrode. It includes at least a reference potential and a filter unit, each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units is connected to the reference potential, and the filter unit has at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electricity. Provided is an electric signal measurement system connected to a signal measurement unit.
本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric signal measuring apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this technique. 本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。It is a circuit diagram which shows the circuit structure of the electric signal measuring apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this technique. 本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。It is a circuit diagram which shows the circuit structure of the electric signal measuring apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this technique. 本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric signal measuring apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this technique. 本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。It is a circuit diagram which shows the circuit structure of the electric signal measuring apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this technique. 本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。It is a circuit diagram which shows the circuit structure of the electric signal measuring apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this technique. 本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測システムの構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric signal measurement system which concerns on one Embodiment of this technique.
　以下、本技術を実施するための好適な形態について説明する。以下に説明する実施形態は、本技術の代表的な実施形態の一例を示したものであり、これにより本技術の範囲が狭く解釈されることはない。なお、特に断りがない限り、図面において、「上」とは図中の上方向又は上側を意味し、「下」とは、図中の下方向又は下側を意味し、「左」とは図中の左方向又は左側を意味し、「右」とは図中の右方向又は右側を意味する。また、図面については、同一又は同等の要素又は部材には同一の符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。 Hereinafter, a suitable mode for carrying out this technology will be described. The embodiments described below show an example of typical embodiments of the present technology, and the scope of the present technology is not narrowly interpreted by this. Unless otherwise specified, in the drawings, "upper" means an upper direction or an upper side in the drawing, "lower" means a lower direction or a lower side in the drawing, and "left" means. It means the left direction or the left side in the figure, and "right" means the right direction or the right side in the figure. Further, in the drawings, the same or equivalent elements or members are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.
　以下の実施の形態の説明において、略平行、略直交のような「略」を伴った表現が、用いられる場合がある。例えば、略平行とは、完全に平行であることを意味するだけでなく、実質的に平行である、すなわち、例えば数％程度の差異を含むことも意味する。他の「略」を伴った表現についても同様である。また、各図は模式図であり、必ずしも厳密に図示されたものではない。 In the following description of the embodiment, expressions with "abbreviations" such as substantially parallel and substantially orthogonal may be used. For example, substantially parallel means not only completely parallel, but also substantially parallel, that is, including a difference of, for example, about several percent. The same applies to other expressions with "abbreviations". Further, each figure is a schematic view and is not necessarily exactly illustrated.
　本技術の説明は以下の順序で行う。
　１．本技術に係る第１の実施形態（電気信号計測装置の例１）
　（１）本実施形態の概要
　（２）実施例１
　（３）実施例２
　２．本技術に係る第２の実施形態（電気信号計測装置の例２）
　（１）本実施形態の概要
　（２）実施例３
　（３）実施例４
　３．本技術に係る第３の実施形態（電気信号計測システム） The present technology will be described in the following order.
1. 1. First Embodiment of the present technology (Example 1 of an electric signal measuring device)
(1) Outline of the present embodiment (2) Example 1
(3) Example 2
2. A second embodiment according to the present technology (Example 2 of an electric signal measuring device)
(1) Outline of the present embodiment (2) Example 3
(3) Example 4
3. 3. Third Embodiment (Electrical Signal Measurement System) Related to the Present Technology
［１．本技術に係る第１の実施形態（電気信号計測装置の例１）］
［（１）本実施形態の概要］
　本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置について図１を参照しつつ説明する。図１は、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の構成を示すブロック図である。 [1. First Embodiment of the present technology (Example 1 of an electric signal measuring device)]
[(1) Outline of the present embodiment]
An electric signal measuring device according to an embodiment of the present technology will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment.
　図１に示されるとおり、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置１０００は、第１の電極１０１、第２の電極１０２、第３の電極１０３、第４の電極１０４及び第５の電極１０５からなる複数の電極と、第１の電気信号計測部３００及び第２の電気信号計測部４００からなる複数の電気信号計測部と、基準電位ＧＮＤと、フィルタ部２０１と、を少なくとも備えている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the electric signal measuring device 1000 according to the present embodiment includes a first electrode 101, a second electrode 102, a third electrode 103, a fourth electrode 104, and a fifth electrode 105. It is provided with at least a plurality of electrodes, a plurality of electric signal measurement units including a first electric signal measurement unit 300 and a second electric signal measurement unit 400, a reference potential GND, and a filter unit 201.
　複数の電極１０１～１０５のそれぞれは、生体Ｓの皮膚表面と接触する位置に、又は生体Ｓの皮膚表面から近い位置に配置される。複数の電極１０１～１０５のそれぞれは、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する、及び／又は、生体Ｓからの前記電気信号を検知できる。なお、複数の電極の数は５つに限られない。 Each of the plurality of electrodes 101 to 105 is arranged at a position in contact with the skin surface of the living body S or at a position close to the skin surface of the living body S. Each of the plurality of electrodes 101 to 105 can apply an electric signal to the living body S and / or detect the electric signal from the living body S. The number of the plurality of electrodes is not limited to five.
　複数の電気信号計測部３００、４００のそれぞれは、複数の電極１０１～１０５のそれぞれに電気的に接続されている。複数の電気信号計測部３００、４００のそれぞれは、例えば第３の電極１０３及び第４の電極１０４に電気信号を送信する。これにより、第３の電極１０３及び第４の電極１０４は、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する。 Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 300 and 400 is electrically connected to each of the plurality of electrodes 101 to 105. Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 300 and 400 transmits an electric signal to, for example, the third electrode 103 and the fourth electrode 104. As a result, the third electrode 103 and the fourth electrode 104 apply an electric signal to the living body S.
　従来、生体情報の計測において、外界電磁界の存在によってコモンモードノイズが生じることが知られている。このコモンモードノイズによって、生体情報が高精度に計測されないという問題がある。 Conventionally, it is known that common mode noise is generated due to the presence of an external electromagnetic field in the measurement of biological information. Due to this common mode noise, there is a problem that biological information cannot be measured with high accuracy.
　このコモンモードノイズを低減するために、コモンモードノイズに相当する成分を反転増幅して生体に帰還することによって、コモンモードノイズを低減することができる。そのため、第３の電極１０３及び第４の電極１０４は、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する。 In order to reduce this common mode noise, the common mode noise can be reduced by inverting and amplifying the component corresponding to the common mode noise and returning it to the living body. Therefore, the third electrode 103 and the fourth electrode 104 apply an electric signal to the living body S.
　第１の電極１０１、第２の電極１０２、及び第５の電極１０５は、生体Ｓからの電気信号を検知する。複数の電気信号計測部３００、４００のそれぞれは、検知された電気信号を計測する。複数の電気信号計測部３００、４００のそれぞれが計測する電気信号の一例として、脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号、心電図（ＥＣＧ）信号、心磁図（ＭＣＧ）信号、脳磁図（ＭＥＧ）信号、表面筋電図（ＥＭＧ）信号、眼球電位図（ＥＯＧ）信号、及び皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号等がある。なお、複数の電気信号計測部の数は２つに限られない。 The first electrode 101, the second electrode 102, and the fifth electrode 105 detect an electric signal from the living body S. Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 300 and 400 measures the detected electric signal. As an example of the electric signal measured by each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 300 and 400, the brain wave (EEG) signal, the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, the electrocardiogram (MCG) signal, the electrocardiogram (MEG) signal, and the surface electromyogram There are (EMG) signals, eye potential map (EOG) signals, skin electrical activity (EDA) signals and the like. The number of a plurality of electric signal measuring units is not limited to two.
　第１の電気信号計測部３００は、第１の電源３０１を有している。第２の電気信号計測部４００は、第２の電源４０１を有している。第１の電源３０１及び第２の電源４０１は、一つの基準電位ＧＮＤに接続されている。これにより、複数の様式の電気信号を一つの電気信号計測装置１０００が計測することが実現できる。複数の様式の電気信号は、この基準電位ＧＮＤを基準にして計測される。 The first electric signal measurement unit 300 has a first power supply 301. The second electric signal measurement unit 400 has a second power supply 401. The first power supply 301 and the second power supply 401 are connected to one reference potential GND. Thereby, it is possible to realize that one electric signal measuring device 1000 can measure a plurality of types of electric signals. A plurality of modes of electric signals are measured with reference to this reference potential GND.
　フィルタ部２０１は、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている。本実施形態では、フィルタ部２０１は、第３の電極１０３と第１の電気信号計測部３００との間に接続されている。フィルタ部２０１は、第１の電気信号計測部３００が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。 The filter unit 201 is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electrical signal measurement units. In the present embodiment, the filter unit 201 is connected between the third electrode 103 and the first electric signal measurement unit 300. The filter unit 201 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the first electric signal measuring unit 300.
　電気信号計測装置１０００が行う処理の流れについて具体的に説明する。 The processing flow performed by the electric signal measuring device 1000 will be specifically described.
　第１の電気信号計測部３００は、第３の電極１０３に電気信号を送信する。第３の電極１０３は、生体Ｓの皮膚表面に電気信号（電圧）を印加する。これにより、この電気信号が生体Ｓを通って第１の電極１０１及び第２の電極１０２に流入する。第１の電極１０１及び第２の電極１０２は、この電気信号を検知する。第１の電気信号計測部３００は、検知されたこの電気信号を計測することにより、生体情報を得ることができる。 The first electric signal measuring unit 300 transmits an electric signal to the third electrode 103. The third electrode 103 applies an electric signal (voltage) to the skin surface of the living body S. As a result, this electric signal flows into the first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 through the living body S. The first electrode 101 and the second electrode 102 detect this electric signal. The first electric signal measuring unit 300 can obtain biological information by measuring the detected electric signal.
　第２の電気信号計測部４００についても同様である。第２の電気信号計測部４００は、第４の電極１０４に電気信号を送信する。第４の電極１０４は、生体Ｓの皮膚表面へ電気信号を印加する。第５の電極１０５は、生体Ｓからの電気信号を検知する。第２の電気信号計測部４００は、検知されたこの電気信号を計測することにより、生体情報を得ることができる。 The same applies to the second electric signal measurement unit 400. The second electric signal measuring unit 400 transmits an electric signal to the fourth electrode 104. The fourth electrode 104 applies an electric signal to the skin surface of the living body S. The fifth electrode 105 detects an electric signal from the living body S. The second electric signal measuring unit 400 can obtain biological information by measuring the detected electric signal.
　このとき、仮にフィルタ部２０１が備えられていない場合、例えば第３の電極１０３が生体Ｓに印加した電気信号が、第５の電極１０５に流入するおそれがある。これにより、第２の電気信号計測部４００が、正確な生体情報を得ることができないおそれがある。特に、高い精度が要求される皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号の計測においては、計測結果の誤りやレンジ飽和が発生するという問題がある。 At this time, if the filter unit 201 is not provided, for example, an electric signal applied to the living body S by the third electrode 103 may flow into the fifth electrode 105. As a result, the second electric signal measuring unit 400 may not be able to obtain accurate biometric information. In particular, in the measurement of skin electrical activity (EDA) signals, which require high accuracy, there is a problem that an error in the measurement result and range saturation occur.
　しかし、フィルタ部２０１が備えられていることにより、この問題が解決できる。フィルタ部２０１が、第１の電気信号計測部３００が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。これにより、例えば第３の電極１０３が生体Ｓに印加した電気信号が第５の電極１０５に流入することが回避される。そのため、第２の電気信号計測部４００は、電気信号を高精度に計測できる。 However, this problem can be solved by providing the filter unit 201. The filter unit 201 can reduce the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the first electric signal measuring unit 300. As a result, for example, the electric signal applied to the living body S by the third electrode 103 is prevented from flowing into the fifth electrode 105. Therefore, the second electric signal measuring unit 400 can measure the electric signal with high accuracy.
　フィルタ部２０１には、例えば抵抗、コンデンサ、コイル、フェライトビーズ、及びダイオード等が含まれうる。なお、抵抗には可変抵抗が含まれる。 The filter unit 201 may include, for example, a resistor, a capacitor, a coil, a ferrite bead, a diode, or the like. The resistor includes a variable resistor.
　また、フィルタ部２０１は、任意の材料を利用して受動特性を得た材料であってもよい。フィルタ部２０１は、例えば感圧抵抗シートのような抵抗成分を有する材料であってもよい。 Further, the filter unit 201 may be a material whose passive characteristics have been obtained by using an arbitrary material. The filter unit 201 may be made of a material having a resistance component such as a pressure-sensitive resistance sheet.
　なお、本実施形態では生体からの電気信号を計測しているが、計測の対象は生体に限られない。任意の回路特性を有する例えば固体、液体、又は気体等が計測の対象であってもよい。 Although the electrical signal from the living body is measured in this embodiment, the measurement target is not limited to the living body. For example, a solid, a liquid, a gas, or the like having arbitrary circuit characteristics may be the object of measurement.
［（２）実施例１］
　以下、電気信号計測装置の実施例を挙げて具体的に説明する。図２は、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。 [(2) Example 1]
Hereinafter, examples of the electric signal measuring device will be specifically described. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment.
　図２に示されるとおり、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置１００１は、電極１０６、電極１０７、電極１０８、電極１０９及び電極１１０からなる複数の電極と、電気信号計測部３１０及び電気信号計測部４１０からなる複数の電気信号計測部と、基準電位ＧＮＤと、フィルタ部２０４と、を少なくとも備えている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the electric signal measuring device 1001 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of electrodes including an electrode 106, an electrode 107, an electrode 108, an electrode 109, and an electrode 110, and an electric signal measuring unit 310 and an electric signal measuring unit. It includes at least a plurality of electric signal measuring units including 410, a reference potential GND, and a filter unit 204.
　電極１０６及び電極１１０は、例えば生体Ｓからの電気信号を検知する検知電極である。電極１０７は、電気信号の電位の基準となる基準電極である。電極１０８及び電極１０９は、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する印加電極である。なお、印加電極は、電圧源によるものに限られず、電流源によるものも含まれる。 The electrodes 106 and 110 are detection electrodes that detect, for example, an electric signal from the living body S. The electrode 107 is a reference electrode that serves as a reference for the electric potential of the electric signal. The electrode 108 and the electrode 109 are application electrodes for applying an electric signal to the living body S. The application electrode is not limited to the one by the voltage source, but also includes the one by the current source.
　電気信号計測部３１０は、インスツルメンテーションアンプ３１１、オペアンプ３１２、及び電源３１３を有している。電気信号計測部３１０は、例えば脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号を計測する。 The electric signal measurement unit 310 has an instrumentation amplifier 311, an operational amplifier 312, and a power supply 313. The electrical signal measuring unit 310 measures, for example, an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal.
　インスツルメンテーションアンプ３１１と、電極１０６との間に、コンデンサ２０２が接続されている。インスツルメンテーションアンプ３１１と、電極１０７との間に、コンデンサ２０３が接続されている。コンデンサ２０２及びコンデンサ２０３は、電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。 A capacitor 202 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 311 and the electrode 106. A capacitor 203 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 311 and the electrode 107. The capacitor 202 and the capacitor 203 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal.
　電気信号計測部４１０は、オペアンプ４１１、オペアンプ４１２、オペアンプ４１３、電源４１４、及び電源４１５を有している。電気信号計測部４１０は、例えば皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号を計測する。 The electric signal measurement unit 410 has an operational amplifier 411, an operational amplifier 412, an operational amplifier 413, a power supply 414, and a power supply 415. The electrical signal measuring unit 410 measures, for example, a skin electrical activity (EDA) signal.
　電気信号計測部３１０は、ＡＤコンバータ５０１に接続されている。電気信号計測部４１０は、ＡＤコンバータ５０２に接続されている。ＡＤコンバータ５０１は、電気信号計測部３１０が計測するアナログ信号の電気信号をデジタル信号に変換する。ＡＤコンバータ５０２は、電気信号計測部４１０が計測するアナログ信号の電気信号をデジタル信号に変換する。 The electric signal measurement unit 310 is connected to the AD converter 501. The electric signal measuring unit 410 is connected to the AD converter 502. The AD converter 501 converts the electric signal of the analog signal measured by the electric signal measuring unit 310 into a digital signal. The AD converter 502 converts the electric signal of the analog signal measured by the electric signal measuring unit 410 into a digital signal.
　電源３１３、電源４１４、及び電源４１５は、基準電位ＧＮＤに接続されている。これにより、例えば脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号及び皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号を一つの電気信号計測装置１００１が計測することが実現できる。脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号及び皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号は、この基準電位ＧＮＤを基準にして計測される。 The power supply 313, power supply 414, and power supply 415 are connected to the reference potential GND. Thereby, for example, it is possible to realize that one electric signal measuring device 1001 can measure an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and a skin electric activity (EDA) signal. The electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and the skin electrical activity (EDA) signal are measured with reference to this reference potential GND.
　フィルタ部２０４は、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続される。本実施例では、フィルタ部２０４は、印加電極１０８と電気信号計測部３１０との間に接続されている。 The filter unit 204 is connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit. In this embodiment, the filter unit 204 is connected between the application electrode 108 and the electric signal measurement unit 310.
　フィルタ部２０４は、例えばコンデンサであってもよい。コンデンサ２０４は、電気信号計測部３１０が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。 The filter unit 204 may be, for example, a capacitor. The capacitor 204 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 310.
　電気信号計測部３１０は、検知電極１０６が検知する電気信号と、基準電極１０７が検知する電気信号との中点となる電位を計測する。電気信号計測部４１０は、検知電極１１０が検知する電気信号の電位を計測する。 The electric signal measuring unit 310 measures the potential that is the midpoint between the electric signal detected by the detection electrode 106 and the electric signal detected by the reference electrode 107. The electric signal measuring unit 410 measures the potential of the electric signal detected by the detection electrode 110.
　印加電極１０８が生体Ｓに印加する電気信号は、コモンモードノイズの逆相のＡＣ（交流）成分に対して、回路で生じるＤＣ（直流）成分が重畳された電気信号である。 The electric signal applied by the application electrode 108 to the living body S is an electric signal in which the DC (direct current) component generated in the circuit is superimposed on the AC (alternating current) component of the opposite phase of the common mode noise.
　このＤＣ成分の電気信号が、電気信号計測部４１０によるＤＣ方式の皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号の計測に悪影響を及ぼす。検知電極１１０は、生体Ｓからの電気信号を検知する際に、印加電極１０８が生体Ｓに印加したＤＣ成分の電気信号も検知することがある。そのため、この電気信号がノイズとなり、電気信号計測部４１０が、皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号を正確に計測できないおそれがある。 The electric signal of this DC component adversely affects the measurement of the skin electric activity (EDA) signal of the DC method by the electric signal measuring unit 410. When the detection electrode 110 detects the electric signal from the living body S, the detection electrode 110 may also detect the electric signal of the DC component applied to the living body S by the applied electrode 108. Therefore, this electric signal becomes noise, and the electric signal measuring unit 410 may not be able to accurately measure the skin electrical activity (EDA) signal.
　そこで、フィルタ部であるコンデンサ２０４は、電気信号計測部３１０が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。さらには、フィルタ部であるコンデンサ２０４は、電気信号計測部３１０が送信する電気信号に含まれるＤＣ成分（０Ｈｚ成分）の電気信号を除去できる。これにより、検知電極１１０は、生体Ｓからの電気信号のみを検知できる。そのため、電気信号計測部４１０は、皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号を高精度に計測できる。 Therefore, the capacitor 204, which is a filter unit, can reduce the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 310. Further, the capacitor 204, which is a filter unit, can remove the electric signal of the DC component (0 Hz component) included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 310. As a result, the detection electrode 110 can detect only the electric signal from the living body S. Therefore, the electric signal measuring unit 410 can measure the skin electrical activity (EDA) signal with high accuracy.
［（３）実施例２］
　電気信号計測装置の他の実施例について説明する。図３は、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。図２との差異について主に説明する。 [(3) Example 2]
Other examples of the electric signal measuring device will be described. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment. The difference from FIG. 2 will be mainly described.
　図３に示されるとおり、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置１００２は、電極１１１、電極１１２、電極１１３、電極１１４及び電極１１５からなる複数の電極と、電気信号計測部３２０及び電気信号計測部３３０からなる複数の電気信号計測部と、基準電位ＧＮＤと、フィルタ部２０７及びフィルタ部２１０からなる複数のフィルタ部と、を少なくとも備えている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the electric signal measuring device 1002 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of electrodes including an electrode 111, an electrode 112, an electrode 113, an electrode 114, and an electrode 115, and an electric signal measuring unit 320 and an electric signal measuring unit. It includes at least a plurality of electric signal measuring units including 330, a reference potential GND, and a plurality of filter units including a filter unit 207 and a filter unit 210.
　電極１１１及び電極１１４は、例えば生体Ｓからの電気信号を検知する検知電極である。電極１１２及び電極１１５は、電気信号の電位の基準となる基準電極である。電極１１３及び電極１１６は、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する印加電極である。 The electrodes 111 and 114 are detection electrodes that detect, for example, an electric signal from the living body S. The electrode 112 and the electrode 115 are reference electrodes that serve as a reference for the electric potential of the electric signal. The electrodes 113 and 116 are application electrodes that apply an electric signal to the living body S.
　電気信号計測部３２０及び電気信号計測部３３０のそれぞれは、同じ様式の電気信号を計測するため、同じ構成になっている。つまり、電気信号計測部３２０は、インスツルメンテーションアンプ３２１、オペアンプ３２２、及び電源３２３を有している。電気信号計測部３３０は、インスツルメンテーションアンプ３３１、オペアンプ３３２、及び電源３３３を有している。電気信号計測部３２０及び電気信号計測部３３０のそれぞれは、例えば脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号を計測できる。脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号を計測する際は、複数チャネルの電気信号を計測することが一般的である。 Each of the electric signal measuring unit 320 and the electric signal measuring unit 330 has the same configuration because it measures the same type of electric signal. That is, the electric signal measurement unit 320 has an instrumentation amplifier 321, an operational amplifier 322, and a power supply 323. The electric signal measurement unit 330 includes an instrumentation amplifier 331, an operational amplifier 332, and a power supply 333. Each of the electric signal measuring unit 320 and the electric signal measuring unit 330 can measure, for example, an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. When measuring an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, it is common to measure electrical signals of a plurality of channels.
　インスツルメンテーションアンプ３２１と、電極１１１との間に、コンデンサ２０５が接続されている。インスツルメンテーションアンプ３２１と、電極１１２との間に、コンデンサ２０６が接続されている。 A capacitor 205 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 321 and the electrode 111. A capacitor 206 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 321 and the electrode 112.
　インスツルメンテーションアンプ３３１と、電極１１４との間に、コンデンサ２０８が接続されている。インスツルメンテーションアンプ３３１と、電極１１５との間に、コンデンサ２０９が接続されている。 A capacitor 208 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 331 and the electrode 114. A capacitor 209 is connected between the instrumentation amplifier 331 and the electrode 115.
　電気信号計測部３２０は、ＡＤコンバータ５０３に接続されている。電気信号計測部３３０は、ＡＤコンバータ５０４に接続されている。 The electric signal measurement unit 320 is connected to the AD converter 503. The electric signal measurement unit 330 is connected to the AD converter 504.
　電気信号計測部３２０は、検知電極である電極１１１が検知する電気信号と、基準電極である電極１１２が検知する電気信号との中点となる電位を計測する。電気信号計測部３３０は、検知電極である電極１１４が検知する電気信号と、基準電極である電極１１５が検知する電気信号との中点となる電位を計測する。 The electric signal measuring unit 320 measures the potential that is the midpoint between the electric signal detected by the electrode 111 which is the detection electrode and the electric signal detected by the electrode 112 which is the reference electrode. The electric signal measuring unit 330 measures the potential that is the midpoint between the electric signal detected by the electrode 114, which is the detection electrode, and the electric signal detected by the electrode 115, which is the reference electrode.
　フィルタ部２０７及びフィルタ部２０８のそれぞれは、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続される。本実施例では、フィルタ部２０７は、印加電極１１３と電気信号計測部３２０との間に接続されている。フィルタ部２１０は、印加電極１１６と電気信号計測部３３０との間に接続されている。 Each of the filter unit 207 and the filter unit 208 is connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit. In this embodiment, the filter unit 207 is connected between the application electrode 113 and the electric signal measurement unit 320. The filter unit 210 is connected between the application electrode 116 and the electric signal measurement unit 330.
　フィルタ部２０７及びフィルタ部２０８のそれぞれは、例えば抵抗であってもよい。電気信号計測装置１００２がこのような構成であることにより、コモンモードノイズの除去効果が高くなるように、抵抗２０７及び抵抗２１０の抵抗比率が設計されることができる。なお、抵抗２０７及び抵抗２１０のそれぞれは、抵抗値が変化する可変抵抗であってもよい。 Each of the filter unit 207 and the filter unit 208 may be, for example, a resistor. With such a configuration of the electric signal measuring device 1002, the resistance ratio of the resistors 207 and 210 can be designed so that the effect of removing common mode noise is enhanced. Each of the resistor 207 and the resistor 210 may be a variable resistor whose resistance value changes.
　また、電気信号計測装置１００２がこのような構成であることにより、テプナンの定理が適用されることができる。そのため、抵抗２０７及び抵抗２１０の抵抗比率が調整されることにより、印加電極１１３及び印加電極１１６が印加する電気信号の量の調整が容易となる。 Further, since the electric signal measuring device 1002 has such a configuration, the Tepnan theorem can be applied. Therefore, by adjusting the resistance ratio of the resistor 207 and the resistor 210, it becomes easy to adjust the amount of the electric signal applied by the application electrode 113 and the application electrode 116.
［２．本技術に係る第２の実施形態（電気信号計測装置の例２）］
［（１）本実施形態の概要］
　本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置について図４を参照しつつ説明する。図４は、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の構成を示すブロック図である。第１の実施形態との差異について主に説明する。 [2. Second Embodiment of the present technology (Example 2 of an electric signal measuring device)]
[(1) Outline of the present embodiment]
An electric signal measuring device according to an embodiment of the present technology will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment. Differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.
　図４に示されるとおり、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置２０００は、第１の電極１１７、第２の電極１１８、第３の電極１１９、及び第４の電極１２０からなる複数の電極と、第１の電気信号計測部６００及び第２の電気信号計測部７００からなる複数の電気信号計測部と、基準電位ＧＮＤと、フィルタ部２１１と、を少なくとも備えている。 As shown in FIG. 4, the electric signal measuring device 2000 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of electrodes including a first electrode 117, a second electrode 118, a third electrode 119, and a fourth electrode 120. It includes at least a plurality of electric signal measuring units including a first electric signal measuring unit 600 and a second electric signal measuring unit 700, a reference potential GND, and a filter unit 211.
　一つの電気信号計測装置が複数の様式の電気信号を計測する場合、複数の電極の配置について空間的な制約が生じるという問題がある。例えば、脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号を計測するためには、少なくとも３つ以上の電極（検知電極、基準電極、及び印加電極）が必要になる。また、皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号を計測するためには、少なくとも２つ以上の電極（検知電極及び印加電極）が必要になる。したがって、一つの電気信号計測装置が脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号と皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号を計測する場合、少なくとも５つ以上の電極が必要になる。 When one electric signal measuring device measures electric signals of a plurality of modes, there is a problem that spatial restrictions occur in the arrangement of a plurality of electrodes. For example, in order to measure an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, at least three or more electrodes (detection electrode, reference electrode, and application electrode) are required. In addition, at least two or more electrodes (detection electrode and application electrode) are required to measure the skin electrical activity (EDA) signal. Therefore, when one electrical signal measuring device measures an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and a skin electrical activity (EDA) signal, at least five or more electrodes are required.
　電気信号計測装置を日常生活において利用するために、電気信号計測装置の小型化が求められている。しかし、電気信号計測装置が備える電極の数が多いほど、電極が配置可能な領域が狭くなり、電気信号計測装置の小型化が困難となるという問題がある。 In order to use the electric signal measuring device in daily life, miniaturization of the electric signal measuring device is required. However, as the number of electrodes provided in the electric signal measuring device increases, the area in which the electrodes can be arranged becomes narrower, and there is a problem that it becomes difficult to miniaturize the electric signal measuring device.
　また、複数の電極を生体の皮膚表面に配置して、複数の様式の電気信号を計測する場合、この様式ごとに、計測に最適な電極の配置位置がありうる。例えば、脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号の計測に最適な、生体の皮膚表面における電極の配置位置と、皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号の計測に最適な、生体の皮膚表面における電極の配置位置がありうる。 Further, when a plurality of electrodes are arranged on the skin surface of a living body and electric signals of a plurality of styles are measured, there may be an optimum electrode placement position for the measurement for each style. For example, there may be an electrode placement position on the skin surface of the living body, which is optimal for measuring an electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, and an electrode placement position on the skin surface of the living body, which is optimal for measuring a skin electrical activity (EDA) signal.
　しかし、脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号の計測に最適な配置位置と、皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号の計測に最適な配置位置が同じである場合がありうる。このとき、いずれか一方の電気信号を検知する電極は、最適ではない位置に配置されることになるという問題がある。生体の皮膚表面は唯一無二であるため、最適な配置位置が２つ以上あることは稀である。 However, there may be cases where the optimum placement position for measuring electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and the optimum placement position for measuring skin electrical activity (EDA) signals are the same. At this time, there is a problem that the electrode that detects one of the electric signals is arranged at a non-optimal position. Since the skin surface of a living body is unique, it is rare that there are two or more optimum placement positions.
　この問題を解決するために、一つの電極を複数の電気信号計測部が共有して、検知する電気信号をスイッチ回路が切り替える方法が考えられる。しかし、検知する電気信号がアナログ信号であるため、スイッチ回路が切り替える際に、電気的なノイズが生じるという問題がある。 In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable that a plurality of electric signal measuring units share one electrode and the switch circuit switches the detected electric signal. However, since the electric signal to be detected is an analog signal, there is a problem that electrical noise is generated when the switch circuit is switched.
　本技術の一実施形態では、第３の電極１１９を第１の電気信号計測部６００及び第２の電気信号計測部７００が共有している。第３の電極１１９は、第１の電気信号計測部６００に接続されていると同時に、第２の電気信号計測部７００に接続されている。さらに、第３の電極１１９と第１の電気信号計測部６００との間に、フィルタ部２１１が接続されている。つまり、フィルタ部２１１は、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている。 In one embodiment of the present technology, the third electrode 119 is shared by the first electric signal measuring unit 600 and the second electric signal measuring unit 700. The third electrode 119 is connected to the first electric signal measuring unit 600 and at the same time connected to the second electric signal measuring unit 700. Further, a filter unit 211 is connected between the third electrode 119 and the first electric signal measurement unit 600. That is, the filter unit 211 is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least two or more of the electrical signal measurement units.
　フィルタ部２１１は、第１の電気信号計測部６００が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。これにより、例えば第３の電極１１９が生体Ｓに印加した電気信号が第４の電極１２０に流入することが回避される。そのため、第２の電気信号計測部７００は、電気信号を高精度に計測できる。 The filter unit 211 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the first electric signal measuring unit 600. As a result, for example, the electric signal applied to the living body S by the third electrode 119 is prevented from flowing into the fourth electrode 120. Therefore, the second electric signal measuring unit 700 can measure the electric signal with high accuracy.
　また、第３の電極１１９を第１の電気信号計測部６００及び第２の電気信号計測部７００が共有することにより、電極の数が削減される。そのため、電気信号計測装置の小型化に貢献できる。さらに、複数の電極のそれぞれが、生体の皮膚表面の最適な位置に配置されることができる。 Further, the number of electrodes is reduced by sharing the third electrode 119 with the first electric signal measuring unit 600 and the second electric signal measuring unit 700. Therefore, it can contribute to the miniaturization of the electric signal measuring device. Further, each of the plurality of electrodes can be arranged at an optimum position on the skin surface of the living body.
［（２）実施例３］
　以下、電気信号計測装置の実施例を挙げて具体的に説明する。図５は、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。図２との差異について主に説明する。 [(2) Example 3]
Hereinafter, examples of the electric signal measuring device will be specifically described. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment. The difference from FIG. 2 will be mainly described.
　電極１２１及び電極１２４は、例えば生体Ｓからの電気信号を検知する検知電極である。電極１２２は、電気信号の電位の基準となる基準電極である。電極１２３は、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する印加電極である。 The electrodes 121 and 124 are detection electrodes that detect, for example, an electric signal from the living body S. The electrode 122 is a reference electrode that serves as a reference for the electric potential of the electric signal. The electrode 123 is an application electrode that applies an electric signal to the living body S.
　電極１２３を電気信号計測部６１０及び電気信号計測部７１０が共有している。電極１２３は、電気信号計測部６１０に接続されていると同時に、電気信号計測部７１０に接続されている。さらに、電極１１９と電気信号計測部６１０との間に、フィルタ部２１４が接続されている。つまり、フィルタ部２１４は、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている。 The electrode 123 is shared by the electric signal measurement unit 610 and the electric signal measurement unit 710. The electrode 123 is connected to the electric signal measuring unit 610 and at the same time connected to the electric signal measuring unit 710. Further, a filter unit 214 is connected between the electrode 119 and the electric signal measurement unit 610. That is, the filter unit 214 is connected between at least one application electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
　フィルタ部２１４は、例えばコンデンサであってもよい。コンデンサ２１４は、電気信号計測部６１０が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。 The filter unit 214 may be, for example, a capacitor. The capacitor 214 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 610.
　電気信号計測装置２００１がこのような構成であることにより、例えば電気信号計測部７１０が電極１２３を介して生体Ｓに印加した電気信号が電極１２１又は電極１２２に流入することが低減される。そのため、電気信号計測部６１０は、電気信号を高精度に計測できる。 Since the electric signal measuring device 2001 has such a configuration, for example, the electric signal applied to the living body S by the electric signal measuring unit 710 via the electrode 123 is reduced from flowing into the electrode 121 or the electrode 122. Therefore, the electric signal measuring unit 610 can measure the electric signal with high accuracy.
　また、電極１２３を電気信号計測部６１０及び電気信号計測部７１０が共有することにより、電極の数が削減される。そのため、電気信号計測装置２００１の小型化に貢献できる。さらに、複数の電極のそれぞれが、生体の皮膚表面の最適な位置に配置されることができる。 Further, the number of electrodes is reduced by sharing the electrodes 123 with the electric signal measuring unit 610 and the electric signal measuring unit 710. Therefore, it can contribute to the miniaturization of the electric signal measuring device 2001. Further, each of the plurality of electrodes can be arranged at an optimum position on the skin surface of the living body.
［（３）実施例４］
　電気信号計測装置の他の実施例について説明する。図６は、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置の回路構成を示す回路図である。図５との差異について主に説明する。 [(3) Example 4]
Other examples of the electric signal measuring device will be described. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of the electric signal measuring device according to the present embodiment. The difference from FIG. 5 will be mainly described.
　電極１２５は、例えば生体Ｓからの電気信号を検知する検知電極である。電極１２６は、電気信号の電位の基準となる基準電極でもあり、検知電極でもある。電極１２７は、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する印加電極である。 The electrode 125 is, for example, a detection electrode that detects an electric signal from the living body S. The electrode 126 is both a reference electrode and a detection electrode that serve as a reference for the electric potential of the electric signal. The electrode 127 is an application electrode that applies an electric signal to the living body S.
　電極１２７を電気信号計測部６２０及び電気信号計測部７２０が共有している。電極１２７は、電気信号計測部６２０に接続されていると同時に、電気信号計測部７２０に接続されている。さらに、電極１２７と電気信号計測部６２０との間に、フィルタ部２１７が接続されている。 The electrode 127 is shared by the electric signal measurement unit 620 and the electric signal measurement unit 720. The electrode 127 is connected to the electric signal measuring unit 620 and at the same time connected to the electric signal measuring unit 720. Further, a filter unit 217 is connected between the electrode 127 and the electric signal measurement unit 620.
　さらに、電極１２６を電気信号計測部６２０及び電気信号計測部７２０が共有している。電極１２６は、電気信号計測部６２０に接続されていると同時に、電気信号計測部７２０に接続されている。さらに、電極１２６と電気信号計測部７２０との間に、フィルタ部２１８が接続されている。つまり、フィルタ部２１８は、少なくとも１つの前記基準電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている。 Further, the electrode 126 is shared by the electric signal measuring unit 620 and the electric signal measuring unit 720. The electrode 126 is connected to the electric signal measuring unit 620 and at the same time connected to the electric signal measuring unit 720. Further, a filter unit 218 is connected between the electrode 126 and the electric signal measurement unit 720. That is, the filter unit 218 is connected between at least one reference electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
　フィルタ部２１７は、例えばコンデンサであってもよい。フィルタ部２１７は、電気信号計測部６２０が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。 The filter unit 217 may be, for example, a capacitor. The filter unit 217 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 620.
　フィルタ部２１８は、例えば抵抗及びコンデンサを有しており、例えばローパスフィルタ等として機能することができる。この抵抗及びコンデンサは、直列接続されていてもよいし、並列接続されていてもよい。あるいは、この抵抗及びコンデンサは、例えばデルタ型又はスター型等の構成で接続されていてもよい。フィルタ部２１８は、電気信号計測部６２０が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。 The filter unit 218 has, for example, a resistor and a capacitor, and can function as, for example, a low-pass filter or the like. The resistors and capacitors may be connected in series or in parallel. Alternatively, the resistors and capacitors may be connected in a configuration such as a delta type or a star type. The filter unit 218 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the electric signal measuring unit 620.
　フィルタ部２１８は、電極１２６が検知する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。これにより、電極１２６が検知した電気信号計測部６２０に係る脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号が、電気信号計測部７２０に流入することを防止できる。 The filter unit 218 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal detected by the electrode 126. As a result, it is possible to prevent the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal related to the electric signal measuring unit 620 detected by the electrode 126 from flowing into the electric signal measuring unit 720.
　この構成により、電気信号計測装置２００２は、脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号のみを計測する電気信号計測装置が備える電極の数と同じ電極の数でありながら、脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号と皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号を同時に計測することができる。 With this configuration, the electrical signal measuring device 2002 has the same number of electrodes as the electrical signal measuring device that measures only the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal, but the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal and the skin electrical activity (EDA). Signals can be measured at the same time.
　なお、電気信号計測部６２０及び電気信号計測部７２０は、電極１２５を共有していてもよい。このとき、フィルタ部２１８は、少なくとも１つの前記検知電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続される。 The electric signal measuring unit 620 and the electric signal measuring unit 720 may share the electrode 125. At this time, the filter unit 218 is connected between at least one detection electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
［３．本技術に係る第３の実施形態（電気信号計測システム）］
　本技術の一実施形態に係る電気信号計測装置について図７を参照しつつ説明する。図７は、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測システムの構成を示すブロック図である。 [3. Third Embodiment (Electrical Signal Measurement System) Related to the Present Technology]
An electric signal measuring device according to an embodiment of the present technology will be described with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric signal measurement system according to the present embodiment.
　図７に示されるとおり、本実施形態に係る電気信号計測システム３０００は、第１の電極１２８、第２の電極１２９、第３の電極１３０、第４の電極１３１及び第５の電極１３２からなる複数の電極と、第１の電気信号計測部８００及び第２の電気信号計測部９００からなる複数の電気信号計測部と、基準電位ＧＮＤと、フィルタ部２１９と、を少なくとも備えている。 As shown in FIG. 7, the electric signal measurement system 3000 according to the present embodiment includes a first electrode 128, a second electrode 129, a third electrode 130, a fourth electrode 131, and a fifth electrode 132. It is provided with at least a plurality of electrodes, a plurality of electric signal measurement units including a first electric signal measurement unit 800 and a second electric signal measurement unit 900, a reference potential GND, and a filter unit 219.
　複数の電極１２８～１３２のそれぞれは、生体Ｓの皮膚表面と接触する位置に、又は生体Ｓの皮膚表面から近い位置に配置される。複数の電極１２８～１３２のそれぞれは、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する、及び／又は、生体Ｓからの前記電気信号を検知できる。なお、複数の電極の数は５つに限られない。 Each of the plurality of electrodes 128 to 132 is arranged at a position in contact with the skin surface of the living body S or at a position close to the skin surface of the living body S. Each of the plurality of electrodes 128 to 132 can apply an electric signal to the living body S and / or detect the electric signal from the living body S. The number of the plurality of electrodes is not limited to five.
　複数の電気信号計測部８００、９００のそれぞれは、複数の電極１２８～１３２のそれぞれに電気的に接続されている。複数の電気信号計測部８００、９００のそれぞれは、例えば第３の電極１３０及び第４の電極１３１に電気信号を送信する。これにより、第３の電極１３０及び第４の電極１３１は、生体Ｓへ電気信号を印加する。 Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 800 and 900 is electrically connected to each of the plurality of electrodes 128 to 132. Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 800 and 900 transmits an electric signal to, for example, the third electrode 130 and the fourth electrode 131. As a result, the third electrode 130 and the fourth electrode 131 apply an electric signal to the living body S.
　第１の電極１２８、第２の電極１２９、及び第５の電極１３２は、生体Ｓからの電気信号を検知する。複数の電気信号計測部８００、９００のそれぞれは、検知された電気信号を計測する。複数の電気信号計測部８００、９００のそれぞれが計測する電気信号の一例として、脳波（ＥＥＧ）信号、心電図（ＥＣＧ）信号、心磁図（ＭＣＧ）信号、脳磁図（ＭＥＧ）信号、表面筋電図（ＥＭＧ）信号、眼球電位図（ＥＯＧ）信号、及び皮膚電気活動（ＥＤＡ）信号等がある。なお、複数の電気信号計測部の数は２つに限られない。 The first electrode 128, the second electrode 129, and the fifth electrode 132 detect an electric signal from the living body S. Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 800 and 900 measures the detected electric signal. As an example of the electric signal measured by each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units 800 and 900, the brain wave (EEG) signal, the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal, the electrocardiogram (MCG) signal, the electrocardiogram (MEG) signal, and the surface electromyogram There are (EMG) signals, eye potential map (EOG) signals, skin electrical activity (EDA) signals and the like. The number of a plurality of electric signal measuring units is not limited to two.
　第１の電気信号計測部８００は、第１の電源８０１を有している。第２の電気信号計測部９００は、第２の電源９０１を有している。第１の電源８０１及び第２の電源９０１は、一つの基準電位ＧＮＤに接続されている。これにより、複数の様式の電気信号を一つの電気信号計測システム３０００が計測することが実現できる。複数の様式の電気信号は、この基準電位ＧＮＤを基準にして計測される。 The first electric signal measurement unit 800 has a first power supply 801. The second electric signal measuring unit 900 has a second power supply 901. The first power supply 801 and the second power supply 901 are connected to one reference potential GND. Thereby, it is possible to realize that one electric signal measurement system 3000 can measure a plurality of types of electric signals. A plurality of modes of electric signals are measured with reference to this reference potential GND.
　フィルタ部２１９は、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている。本実施形態では、フィルタ部２１９は、第３の電極１３０と第１の電気信号計測部８００との間に接続されている。フィルタ部２１９は、第１の電気信号計測部８００が送信する電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の電気信号を低減できる。 The filter unit 219 is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electrical signal measurement units. In the present embodiment, the filter unit 219 is connected between the third electrode 130 and the first electric signal measurement unit 800. The filter unit 219 can reduce the electric signal of a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal transmitted by the first electric signal measuring unit 800.
　この電気信号計測システム３０００は、第１及び第２の実施形態において説明した技術を利用することができる。よって、再度の説明を省略する。 The electric signal measurement system 3000 can utilize the techniques described in the first and second embodiments. Therefore, the description will be omitted again.
　これ以外にも、本技術の主旨を逸脱しない限り、上記実施の形態で挙げた構成を取捨選択したり、他の構成に適宜変更したりすることが可能である。 In addition to this, as long as it does not deviate from the gist of the present technology, it is possible to select the configuration mentioned in the above embodiment or change it to another configuration as appropriate.
　なお、本明細書中に記載した効果はあくまで例示であって限定されるものではなく、また他の効果があってもよい。 Note that the effects described in this specification are merely examples and are not limited, and other effects may be obtained.
　なお、本技術は、以下のような構成をとることもできる。
［１］
　生体へ電気信号を印加する、及び／又は、前記生体からの前記電気信号を検知する複数の電極と、
　前記電極が検知した前記電気信号を計測する複数の電気信号計測部と、
　基準電位と、
　フィルタ部と、を少なくとも備えており、
　前記複数の電気信号計測部のそれぞれが、前記基準電位に接続されており、
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、電気信号計測装置。
［２］
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、
　［１］に記載の電気信号計測装置。
［３］
　前記フィルタ部が、前記電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の前記電気信号を低減する、
　［１］又は［２］に記載の電気信号計測装置。
［４］
　前記フィルタ部が、前記電気信号に含まれるＤＣ成分の前記電気信号を低減する、
　［１］～［３］のいずれか一つに記載の電気信号計測装置。
［５］
　前記フィルタ部が、抵抗及び／又はコンデンサを有している、
　［１］～［４］のいずれか一つに記載の電気信号計測装置。
［６］
　前記電極には、検知電極、基準電極、又は印加電極が含まれる、
　［５］に記載の電気信号計測装置。
［７］
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、
　［６］に記載の電気信号計測装置。
［８］
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、
　［６］又は［７］に記載の電気信号計測装置。
［９］
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記基準電極又は前記検知電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、
　［６］～［８］のいずれか一つに記載の電気信号計測装置。
［１０］
　生体へ電気信号を印加する、及び／又は、前記生体からの前記電気信号を検知する電極と、
　前記電極が検知した前記電気信号を計測する複数の電気信号計測部と、
　基準電位と、
　フィルタ部と、を少なくとも備えており、
　前記複数の電気信号計測部のそれぞれが、前記基準電位に接続されており、
　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、電気信号計測システム。 The present technology can also have the following configurations.
[1]
A plurality of electrodes for applying an electric signal to a living body and / or detecting the electric signal from the living body,
A plurality of electric signal measuring units for measuring the electric signal detected by the electrode, and
With reference potential
It has at least a filter part,
Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units is connected to the reference potential.
An electric signal measuring device in which the filter unit is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electric signal measuring units.
[2]
The filter unit is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least two or more of the electrical signal measurement units.
The electric signal measuring device according to [1].
[3]
The filter unit reduces the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal.
The electric signal measuring device according to [1] or [2].
[4]
The filter unit reduces the electric signal of the DC component contained in the electric signal.
The electric signal measuring device according to any one of [1] to [3].
[5]
The filter unit has a resistor and / or a capacitor.
The electric signal measuring device according to any one of [1] to [4].
[6]
The electrode includes a detection electrode, a reference electrode, or an application electrode.
The electric signal measuring device according to [5].
[7]
The filter unit is connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
The electric signal measuring device according to [6].
[8]
The filter unit is connected between at least one application electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
The electric signal measuring device according to [6] or [7].
[9]
The filter unit is connected between at least one reference electrode or detection electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
The electric signal measuring device according to any one of [6] to [8].
[10]
An electrode that applies an electrical signal to a living body and / or detects the electrical signal from the living body, and
A plurality of electric signal measuring units for measuring the electric signal detected by the electrode, and
With reference potential
It has at least a filter part,
Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units is connected to the reference potential.
An electric signal measurement system in which the filter unit is connected between at least one electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
Ｓ：生体
１０１～１３２：電極
３００、３１０、３２０、３３０、４１０、６００、６１０、６２０、７００、７１０、７２０、８００、９００：電気信号計測部
ＧＮＤ：基準電位
２０１、２０４、２０７、２１０、２１１、２１４、２１７、２１８、２１９：フィルタ部
１０００、１００１、１００２、２０００、２００１、２００２：電気信号計測装置
３０００：電気信号計測システム
  S: Living body 101-132: Electrodes 300, 310, 320, 330, 410, 600, 610, 620, 700, 710, 720, 800, 900: Electrical signal measurement unit GND: Reference potential 201, 204, 207, 210, 211, 214, 217, 218, 219: Filter unit 1000, 1001, 1002, 2000, 2001, 2002: Electric signal measuring device 3000: Electric signal measuring system

Claims (10)

  1. 　生体へ電気信号を印加する、及び／又は、前記生体からの前記電気信号を検知する複数の電極と、
    　前記電極が検知した前記電気信号を計測する複数の電気信号計測部と、
    　基準電位と、
    　フィルタ部と、を少なくとも備えており、
    　前記複数の電気信号計測部のそれぞれが、前記基準電位に接続されており、
    　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、電気信号計測装置。     A plurality of electrodes for applying an electric signal to a living body and / or detecting the electric signal from the living body,
    A plurality of electric signal measuring units for measuring the electric signal detected by the electrode, and
    With reference potential
    It has at least a filter part,
    Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units is connected to the reference potential.
    An electric signal measuring device in which the filter unit is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least one of the electric signal measuring units.
  2. 　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、
    　請求項１に記載の電気信号計測装置。     The filter unit is connected between at least one of the electrodes and at least two or more of the electrical signal measurement units.
    The electric signal measuring device according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記フィルタ部が、前記電気信号に含まれる所定の周波数帯の前記電気信号を低減する、
    　請求項１に記載の電気信号計測装置。     The filter unit reduces the electric signal in a predetermined frequency band included in the electric signal.
    The electric signal measuring device according to claim 1.
  4. 　前記フィルタ部が、前記電気信号に含まれるＤＣ成分の前記電気信号を低減する、
    　請求項１に記載の電気信号計測装置。     The filter unit reduces the electric signal of the DC component contained in the electric signal.
    The electric signal measuring device according to claim 1.
  5. 　前記フィルタ部が、抵抗及び／又はコンデンサを有している、
    　請求項１に記載の電気信号計測装置。     The filter unit has a resistor and / or a capacitor.
    The electric signal measuring device according to claim 1.
  6. 　前記電極には、検知電極、基準電極、又は印加電極が含まれる、
    　請求項１に記載の電気信号計測装置。     The electrode includes a detection electrode, a reference electrode, or an application electrode.
    The electric signal measuring device according to claim 1.
  7. 　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、
    　請求項６に記載の電気信号計測装置。     The filter unit is connected between at least one application electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
    The electric signal measuring device according to claim 6.
  8. 　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記印加電極と少なくとも２つ以上の前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、
    　請求項６に記載の電気信号計測装置。     The filter unit is connected between at least one application electrode and at least two or more electric signal measurement units.
    The electric signal measuring device according to claim 6.
  9. 　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記基準電極又は前記検知電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、
    　請求項６に記載の電気信号計測装置。     The filter unit is connected between at least one reference electrode or detection electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
    The electric signal measuring device according to claim 6.
  10. 　生体へ電気信号を印加する、及び／又は、前記生体からの前記電気信号を検知する電極と、
    　前記電極が検知した前記電気信号を計測する複数の電気信号計測部と、
    　基準電位と、
    　フィルタ部と、を少なくとも備えており、
    　前記複数の電気信号計測部のそれぞれが、前記基準電位に接続されており、
    　前記フィルタ部が、少なくとも１つの前記電極と少なくとも１つの前記電気信号計測部との間に接続されている、電気信号計測システム。     An electrode that applies an electrical signal to a living body and / or detects the electrical signal from the living body, and
    A plurality of electric signal measuring units for measuring the electric signal detected by the electrode, and
    With reference potential
    It has at least a filter part,
    Each of the plurality of electric signal measuring units is connected to the reference potential.
    An electric signal measurement system in which the filter unit is connected between at least one electrode and at least one electric signal measurement unit.
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5827544A (en) * 1981-08-10 1983-02-18 住友電気工業株式会社 Measuring apparatus having multi-item patient monitor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5827544A (en) * 1981-08-10 1983-02-18 住友電気工業株式会社 Measuring apparatus having multi-item patient monitor

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