WO2021164259A1 - 报文传输方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

报文传输方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021164259A1
WO2021164259A1 PCT/CN2020/118829 CN2020118829W WO2021164259A1 WO 2021164259 A1 WO2021164259 A1 WO 2021164259A1 CN 2020118829 W CN2020118829 W CN 2020118829W WO 2021164259 A1 WO2021164259 A1 WO 2021164259A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
forwarding device
user terminal
message
user
forwarding
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/118829
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
花荣荣
余舟毅
彭涛
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20900678.2A priority Critical patent/EP3896927A4/en
Publication of WO2021164259A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021164259A1/zh
Priority to US17/468,126 priority patent/US11582113B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/825—Involving tunnels, e.g. MPLS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/12—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion
    • H04L47/125—Avoiding congestion; Recovering from congestion by balancing the load, e.g. traffic engineering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2854—Wide area networks, e.g. public data networks
    • H04L12/2856—Access arrangements, e.g. Internet access
    • H04L12/2858—Access network architectures
    • H04L12/2859—Point-to-point connection between the data network and the subscribers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H04L45/745—Address table lookup; Address filtering
    • H04L45/7453—Address table lookup; Address filtering using hashing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2425—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS for supporting services specification, e.g. SLA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/64—Hybrid switching systems
    • H04L12/6418—Hybrid transport
    • H04L2012/6445—Admission control
    • H04L2012/6448—Medium Access Control [MAC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00—Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60—Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/618—Details of network addresses
    • H04L2101/622—Layer-2 addresses, e.g. medium access control [MAC] addresses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/026—Details of "hello" or keep-alive messages

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of network technology, and in particular to a method, device and system for message transmission.
  • BNG broadband network gateway
  • the CP device can manage multiple UP devices, and then the CP device can manage multiple user terminals that access the network via the UP device, so as to realize flexible scheduling of user terminals among the UP devices.
  • two UP devices managed by the same CP device can be connected to the same switch (SW) or optical line terminal through two user-side links. (optical line termination, OLT).
  • the CP device can determine the MAC address of the current user terminal according to the hash operation result of the media access control (MAC) address of the user terminal It is an odd MAC address or an even MAC address, and different UP devices are respectively accessed according to the odd and even MAC address of the user terminal. For example, a user terminal 1 with an odd MAC address accesses the network via UP1, and a user terminal 2 with an even MAC address accesses the network via UP2. Or, the CP device determines the number of sessions loaded on the UP device, and connects the user terminal to the UP device with a small number of sessions.
  • MAC media access control
  • user terminal 1 is connected to the network from UP1
  • user terminal 2 is connected to the network from UP2.
  • load sharing of the user-side link between the user terminal and the UP device is realized.
  • subsequent user terminal 1 traffic will only be forwarded via user-side link 1 with UP1
  • user terminal 2 traffic will only be forwarded via user-side link 2 with UP2 .
  • the traffic difference of different user terminals is relatively large.
  • the uplink traffic of a user terminal corresponding to a user-side link has an elephant flow, the load of the user-side link will be very high, which affects the transmission quality.
  • the message transmission method provided in the present application can improve the utilization rate of the user link on the premise of realizing load sharing of the user-side link transmission message.
  • the present application provides a message transmission method, which is applied in a network architecture including a user terminal, a first forwarding device, and a second forwarding device.
  • a tunnel is set between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device; the message of the user terminal is forwarded to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device in a load sharing manner.
  • the method may include: a first forwarding device receives a message forwarded by a user terminal in a load sharing manner, the message includes a keep-alive request message; the first forwarding device is a backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal. The first forwarding device forwards the keep-alive request message to the second forwarding device through the tunnel; the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the message of the user terminal will be transmitted to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device through the SW/OLT, and the load sharing method may include, for example, two connections between the SW/OLT and the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device.
  • the user-side links (physical links) are bundled into a logical link through link aggregation group (LAG) technology.
  • the packet of the user terminal is transmitted to the SW/OLT for load balancing calculation, so that the packet is transmitted to two forwarding devices through the two user-side links, and the load sharing of the user-side link is realized.
  • the user route corresponding to the user terminal of some services can only be configured with one forwarding device
  • the backup forwarding device After receiving the message, the forwarding device that is not configured with the user route forwards the message to the main forwarding device (the forwarding device configured with the user route) through the tunnel. This prevents the packet from being lost when the packet is forwarded to a forwarding device that is not configured with a user route.
  • the message further includes a data message
  • the method further includes: if the second forwarding device is also used to perform traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on the data message, the first forwarding device transfers the data message The text is forwarded to the second forwarding device through the tunnel.
  • the message of the user terminal may include a signaling message, such as a keep-alive message confirming the "live state" of the opposite terminal; and may also include a data message, such as may include traffic data uploaded or downloaded by the user terminal.
  • the flow statistics of data packets refers to the statistics of the flow passing situation to obtain real-time flow data.
  • Quality of service (quality of service, QoS) processing can provide different quality of service for the different needs of various user terminals. For example, if an ordinary household broadband user terminal needs an Internet access rate of 300.0Mbps to meet user needs, the data packets corresponding to the user terminal can be subjected to rate limiting processing to limit the allocated bandwidth and allocate more bandwidth to the bandwidth requirements. Higher equipment.
  • the data packet traffic statistics and the quality of service QoS processing need to be directed to the complete data packet transmitted by the user terminal.
  • the backup forwarding device After the backup forwarding device receives the data packet from the user terminal, it needs to forward the data packet through the tunnel to The main forwarding device is forwarded after the main forwarding device performs traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing.
  • the message further includes a data message
  • the method further includes: if the second forwarding device is not used to perform traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on the data message, the first forwarding device transfers the data message Directly forward the data message to the destination device.
  • the device that performs traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on data packets may be other devices.
  • the SW/OLT performs traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on data packets
  • the data packets of the user terminal are After the SW/OLT is forwarded to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device through load sharing, the first forwarding device does not need to forward the data message to the second forwarding device, and the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device can directly Forward the received data message to the network.
  • the network architecture further includes a control device, and before the first forwarding device receives a packet forwarded by the user terminal in a load sharing manner, the method further includes: the first forwarding device receives a broadcast from the user terminal Dial request. The first forwarding device sends the dial request to the control device, and receives user entry information sent by the control device; wherein the user entry information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is a backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the control device may be a BNG control plane (BNG-CP).
  • BNG-CP BNG control plane
  • the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device are the user plane (BNG-UP) of the BNG.
  • BNG-UP user plane
  • the first forwarding device receives the dial request sent by the user terminal, it forwards the dial request to the control device, completes the identity verification of the user terminal through the control device, and obtains the user entry information determined by the control device, and then according to the user table
  • the item information determines that it is the backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal. In this way, after the identity of the user terminal is verified and the identity of the active and standby forwarding device is determined, a corresponding action can be performed on the message transmitted by the user terminal to complete the user online.
  • the user entry information is determined by the control device according to the media access control MAC address of the user terminal or the number of sessions between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device.
  • the control device determines whether it is an odd MAC address or an even MAC address according to the MAC address of the user terminal. After that, it can be configured as the primary forwarding device of the user terminal with the odd MAC address as the first forwarding device, and the second forwarding device with the odd MAC address.
  • the backup forwarding device of the user terminal; the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device of the even MAC address user terminal, and the first forwarding device is the backup forwarding device of the even MAC address user terminal.
  • the control device saves the configuration result to the user entry information and delivers it to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device, and the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device can perform corresponding actions according to the user entry information.
  • the method before the first forwarding device receives the packet forwarded by the user terminal in a load sharing manner, the method further includes: the first forwarding device receives a dial request broadcast by the user terminal. The first forwarding device obtains user entry information according to the dial request. The user entry information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is a backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device may be, for example, a broadband access server (broadband remote access server, BRAS).
  • BRAS broadband remote access server
  • the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device may The user terminal information is obtained in the process of user terminal identity verification, and then the user entry information is directly determined.
  • that the first forwarding device obtains user entry information according to the dial request includes: the first forwarding device generates user entry information according to the MAC address of the user terminal corresponding to the dial request.
  • the first forwarding device can directly obtain the MAC address of the user terminal, and then determine whether its MAC address is an odd MAC address or an even MAC address, and then determine its counterpart according to the pre-configuration And complete the creation of user entry information.
  • the user entry information includes first indication information, second indication information, the IP address of the user terminal, and the MAC address of the user terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is The backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the user entry information also includes any one or more of the following: routing information corresponding to the user terminal, QoS information of the user terminal, and access control list ACL information corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the first forwarding device determines that it is the primary forwarding device or the backup forwarding device of the user terminal currently transmitting the message according to the user entry information, and then determines whether it needs to transfer the received message.
  • the packet is forwarded to the main forwarding device through the tunnel.
  • the routing information of the user terminal includes the network address of the data message transmitted by the user terminal.
  • the second forwarding device does not perform traffic statistics and QoS processing on the data message
  • the first forwarding device directly receives the data message according to the routing information.
  • the received data message is forwarded to the corresponding Internet.
  • the tunnel includes any one or more of the following: direct connection port link channel, label switching channel LSP, general routing encapsulation GRE channel, and segment routing SRv6 channel.
  • the backup forwarding device after the backup forwarding device receives the message, it can be forwarded to the primary forwarding device through the direct tunnel or bypass tunnel with the primary forwarding device.
  • the first forwarding device can use the segment routing SRv6 channel to transfer the received message It is forwarded to the spine device, and then the spine device uses the segment routing SRv6 channel to forward to the second forwarding device.
  • the present application provides a message transmission method, which is applied to a network architecture composed of a user terminal, a first forwarding device, and a second forwarding device; wherein, the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device are provided with Tunnel; user terminal packets are forwarded to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device in a load sharing manner.
  • the method may include: a second forwarding device receives a message forwarded by a first forwarding device through a tunnel, and the message forwarded through the tunnel includes a keep-alive request message; the second forwarding device is a primary forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal; first The forwarding device is a backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the second forwarding device updates the state of the user terminal according to the keep-alive request message.
  • the user terminal status may include, for example, the status in the connection information table established by the two communicating parties, through which the "live state" of the opposite terminal is confirmed, such as setting a preset time, and the data transmitted by the user terminal is not received after the preset time. It is determined that the connection with the user terminal is abnormal. After receiving the keep-alive request, the second forwarding device confirms that the direct connection with the user terminal is normal, can reset (update) the timer, and restart the next round of timing corresponding to the user terminal connection.
  • the message of the user terminal includes a data message
  • the method further includes: if the second forwarding device is also used to perform traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on the data message, the second forwarding device receives The first data message forwarded by the first forwarding device through the tunnel. The second forwarding device receives the second data packet of the user terminal. The second forwarding device performs traffic statistics and QoS processing according to the first data message and the second data message, and then forwards the first data message and the second data message to the destination device of the second data message.
  • the target device includes, for example, the Internet or other external network devices.
  • user terminals that can implement broadband services access the Internet through the second forwarding device.
  • the message of the user terminal includes a data message
  • the method further includes: if the second forwarding device is not used to perform traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on the data message, the second forwarding device receives The second data message of the user terminal. The second forwarding device directly forwards the second data packet to the destination device of the second data packet.
  • the network architecture further includes a control device.
  • the method further includes: the second forwarding device receives the dial request broadcast by the user terminal .
  • the second forwarding device sends the dialing request to the control device, and receives the user entry information sent by the control device; where the user entry information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the primary forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the user entry information is determined by the control device according to the media access control MAC address of the user terminal or the number of sessions between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device.
  • the method before the second forwarding device receives the packet forwarded by the first forwarding device through the tunnel, the method further includes: the second forwarding device receives the dial request broadcast by the user terminal.
  • the second forwarding device obtains user entry information according to the dialing request; wherein the user entry information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • that the second forwarding device obtains the user entry information according to the dial request includes: the second forwarding device obtains the user entry information according to the MAC address of the user terminal corresponding to the dial request.
  • the user entry information includes first indication information, second indication information, the IP address of the user terminal, and the MAC address of the user terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is The backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the user entry information also includes any one or more of the following: routing information corresponding to the user terminal, quality of service QoS information of the user terminal, and access control list ACL information corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the tunnel includes any one or more of the following: direct connection port link channel, label switching channel LSP, general routing encapsulation GRE channel, and segment routing SRv6 channel.
  • the present application provides a message transmission device, which is applied to a first forwarding device, and the device may include: a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive a message forwarded by the user terminal in a load sharing manner, the message includes a keep-alive request message;
  • the first forwarding device is a backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the sending unit is configured to forward the keep-alive request message to the second forwarding device through the tunnel; the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the message also includes a data message. If the second forwarding device is also used to perform traffic statistics and QoS processing on the data message, the sending unit is also used to pass the data message through the tunnel. Forward to the second forwarding device.
  • the message also includes a data message.
  • the sending unit is further configured to directly forward the data message to the destination device of the data message if the second forwarding device is not used to perform traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on the data message.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive a dial request broadcast by the user terminal before receiving a message forwarded by the user terminal in a load sharing manner.
  • the sending unit is also used to send the dial request to the control device.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive user entry information sent by the control device; wherein the user entry information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is a backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the user entry information is determined by the control device according to the media access control MAC address of the user terminal or the number of sessions between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device.
  • the device includes a processing unit.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive a dial request broadcast by the user terminal before receiving the message forwarded by the user terminal in a load sharing manner.
  • the processing unit is configured to obtain user entry information according to the dialing request; wherein, the user entry information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is a backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to generate user entry information according to the MAC address of the user terminal corresponding to the dial request.
  • the user entry information includes first indication information, second indication information, the IP address of the user terminal, and the MAC address of the user terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is The backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the user entry information also includes any one or more of the following: routing information corresponding to the user terminal, QoS information of the user terminal, and access control list ACL information corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the tunnel includes any one or more of the following: direct connection port link channel, label switching channel LSP, general routing encapsulation GRE channel, and segment routing SRv6 channel.
  • an example of the present application provides a message transmission device, which is applied to a second forwarding device, and includes: a receiving unit and a processing unit.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the message forwarded by the first forwarding device through the tunnel, the message includes a keep-alive request message;
  • the second forwarding device is the primary forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal;
  • the first forwarding device is the standby forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal equipment.
  • the processing unit is configured to update the state of the user terminal according to the keep-alive request message.
  • the message of the user terminal includes a data message.
  • the device also includes: a sending unit. If the processing unit is further configured to perform traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on the data message; the receiving unit is also configured to receive the first data message forwarded by the first forwarding device through the tunnel. The receiving unit is also used to receive the second data message of the user terminal.
  • the sending unit is configured to forward the first data message and the second data message to the destination device of the first data message and the second data message after the processing unit performs traffic statistics and QoS processing according to the first data message and the second data message.
  • the message of the user terminal includes a data message; the device further includes: a sending unit. If the processing unit is not used to perform traffic statistics and quality of service QoS processing on the data message, the receiving unit is also used to receive the second data message of the user terminal. The sending unit is configured to directly forward the second data message to the destination device of the second data message.
  • the device further includes: a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive the dial request broadcast by the user terminal before receiving the message forwarded by the first forwarding device through the tunnel.
  • the sending unit is used to send the dialing request to the control device.
  • the receiving unit is further configured to receive user entry information sent by the control device; wherein the user entry information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the user entry information is determined by the control device according to the media access control MAC address of the user terminal or the number of sessions between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device.
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the dial request broadcast by the user terminal before receiving the packet forwarded by the first forwarding device through the tunnel.
  • the processing unit is also used to obtain user entry information according to the dialing request.
  • the user entry information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the primary forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to obtain user entry information according to the MAC address of the user terminal corresponding to the dial request.
  • the user entry information includes first indication information, second indication information, the IP address of the user terminal, and the MAC address of the user terminal; wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is The backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal, and the second indication information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the user entry information also includes any one or more of the following: routing information corresponding to the user terminal, quality of service QoS information of the user terminal, and access control list ACL information corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the tunnel includes any one or more of the following: direct connection port link channel, label switching channel LSP, general routing encapsulation GRE channel, and segment routing SRv6 channel.
  • the present application provides a message transmission device.
  • the message transmission device may include: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more computer programs; and one or more computer programs including instructions.
  • the message transmission apparatus is caused to execute the message transmission method described in the first aspect to the second aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners.
  • the present application provides a device that has the function of implementing the message transmission method described in the first aspect to the second aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners.
  • This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a message transmission system, including a user terminal, a first forwarding device, and a second forwarding device.
  • a tunnel is set between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device, and the message of the user terminal is forwarded to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device in a load sharing manner.
  • the first forwarding device executes the packet transmission method described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners.
  • the second forwarding device executes the packet transmission method described in the foregoing second aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including computer instructions, which when the computer instructions run on a server, cause the server to execute the first aspect to the second aspect described above, and any one of the possible implementation manners The message transmission method described in.
  • this application provides a computer program product, which when the computer program product runs on a server, enables the server to execute any one of the above-mentioned first to second aspects, and any one of the possible implementation modes.
  • a circuit system in a tenth aspect, includes a processing circuit configured to execute the message transmission method described in the first aspect to the second aspect and any one of the possible implementations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a message transmission method in the prior art provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a message transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an interface between a control device and a forwarding device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram 1 of a user terminal identity verification process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of a user terminal identity verification process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a first schematic flowchart of a message transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a second schematic flowchart of a message transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a third schematic flowchart of a message transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a first structural diagram of a message transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 10 is a second structural diagram of a message transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a message transmission device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a message transmission system provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a message transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture includes multiple user terminals 21 (for example, user terminal 1 and user terminal 2), a first forwarding device 22, and a second forwarding device 23. Each device can be connected via a wired network or a wireless network.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the connection mode between devices.
  • the aforementioned user terminal 21 may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), a smart watch, a netbook, a wearable electronic device, and augmented reality.
  • mobile phone mobile phone
  • tablet computer pad
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • smart watch smart watch
  • netbook netbook
  • wearable electronic device augmented reality
  • the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 may be, for example, a broadband remote access server (BRAS); or, as shown in FIG. 1, the BNG device is applied to a network architecture based on SDN and NFV, To achieve decoupling of BNG devices, the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device may be user plane (BNG-UP) devices of the BNG.
  • the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 are located at the edge of the network layer, function as a bridge between the broadband access network and the backbone network, and provide basic access means and management functions of the broadband access network. It realizes the convergence and forwarding of multiple services and can meet the requirements of different users for transmission capacity and bandwidth utilization. It is the core equipment for broadband user access.
  • the first forwarding device 22 may forward the message to the destination device 25 corresponding to the message.
  • the target device 25 may include, for example, the Internet or other external network devices.
  • a user terminal 21 that can implement broadband services accesses the Internet through the first forwarding device 22.
  • the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 may also receive the message transmitted by the destination device 25 and forward the message to the user terminal 21.
  • the user terminal 21 needs to perform identity verification on the user terminal 21 before accessing the network normally.
  • the foregoing network architecture may also include authentication, authorization, and accounting (authentication, authorization, accounting, AAA) servers.
  • the AAA server is a server capable of processing user terminal 21 access requests, providing authentication authorization and account services. The main purpose is to manage user terminal access to the network server and provide services to user terminals 21 with access rights.
  • the network architecture may also include a control device 27 , Such as BNG's control plane (BNG-CP) equipment.
  • the control device 27 is used to cooperate with an authentication system, a charging system, a customer management system, a service policy control system, and an AAA server to realize the authentication, charging, and management functions of the user terminal 21 access.
  • the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 are BRAS devices, the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 are directly used to communicate with the authentication system and computing device.
  • the fee system, the customer management system, the service policy control system and the AAA server cooperate to realize the authentication, accounting and management functions of the user terminal 21 access.
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of the interface between the control device and the first forwarding device/second forwarding device.
  • the control device and the first forwarding device/second forwarding device implement communication through a packet redirect interface (Pri), a state control interface (Sci), and a management interface (Mi).
  • Pri packet redirect interface
  • Sci state control interface
  • Mi management interface
  • the use of each interface in the embodiment of the present application is detailed in the description of the user terminal identity verification process in Figure 4 and Figure 5 below.
  • the above-mentioned network architecture may be a traditional three-layer network topology structure or a leaf-spine network topology structure.
  • the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 are used as leaf devices, and another forwarding device can be configured as a spine device between the first forwarding device 22, the second forwarding device 23, and the destination device 25.
  • another forwarding device can be configured as a spine device between the first forwarding device 22, the second forwarding device 23, and the destination device 25.
  • other types of network topologies can be adopted.
  • the services linked to SW/OLT24 can be dedicated line services, such as level 2 virtual private network (L2VPN), level 3 virtual private network (L3VPN), etc.; it can also be Broadband business.
  • L2VPN level 2 virtual private network
  • L3VPN level 3 virtual private network
  • the user terminal 21 applying L2VPN, L3VPN or broadband services can be distinguished by the sub-interfaces of the trunk interface, so that it has different virtual local area networks (VLAN) ranges .
  • VLAN virtual local area networks
  • the packets of the user terminal 21 are forwarded to the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 at the SW/OLT 24 through load sharing (such as applying LAG technology).
  • the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 can directly forward the obtained message to the destination device 25, that is, the dual-active access of the two user-side links 26 can be realized.
  • the route corresponding to the user terminal 21 of the broadband service can only be configured in a single forwarding device.
  • the route corresponding to the user terminal 21 can only be configured on one of the forwarding devices.
  • the forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal 21, and the other forwarding device that is not configured with the route corresponding to the user terminal 21 is the backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal 21.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a message transmission method, which is applied to the network architecture shown in (c) in FIG. 2 or applied to the network shown in (d) in FIG. 2 In the framework.
  • (c) in Figure 2 is an improvement based on the network architecture shown in Figure 2 (a)
  • (d) in Figure 2 is based on the network architecture shown in Figure 2 (b) Improve.
  • a tunnel 28 is configured between the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23.
  • the backup forwarding device receives the message forwarded by the user terminal 21, and confirms that it is a backup forwarding device that is not configured with the route corresponding to the user terminal 21, it can forward the message to the main forwarding device through the tunnel 28 to avoid the user Failed to go offline.
  • the message transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application can ensure that the broadband service user terminal transmits the message normally on the premise that the user-side link transmits the message in a load sharing manner.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of a user terminal identity verification process, which can be applied to the network architecture shown in (d) in FIG. 2.
  • its identity verification process may include a discovery phase negotiation process and a session phase negotiation process.
  • the discovery phase negotiation process includes:
  • Step 1 The user terminal sends a pppoe dial request.
  • the user terminal sends a pppoe active discovery initiation (PADI) message to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device through the SW/OLT.
  • PADI pppoe active discovery initiation
  • Step 2 The first forwarding device and the second forwarding device forward the PADI message to the control device through Pri.
  • Step 3 The control device can determine the primary forwarding device and the backup forwarding device according to the MAC address of the user terminal corresponding to the PADI message or the number of sessions (or called session load) between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device .
  • the first forwarding device is a primary forwarding device corresponding to a user terminal with an odd MAC address
  • the second forwarding device is a backup forwarding device corresponding to a user terminal with an even MAC address.
  • the number of sessions of the second forwarding device is small, and the user terminal can be accessed through the second forwarding device.
  • the second forwarding device is the primary forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal
  • the first forwarding device is the backup corresponding to the user terminal. Forwarding device.
  • Step 4 The control device replies a pppoe active discovery offer (PADO) message to the main forwarding device, and the PADO message indicates that the connection with the user terminal is allowed. Assuming that at this time, the control device determines that the second forwarding device is the primary forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal, and then returns a PADO message to the second forwarding device.
  • PADO pppoe active discovery offer
  • Step 5 The second terminal forwards the PADO message to the user terminal through the SW/OLT.
  • Step 6 After receiving the PADO message, the user terminal sends a pppoe active discovery request (PADR) message to the control device through the SW/OLT and the second forwarding device.
  • PADR pppoe active discovery request
  • Step 7 After receiving the PADR message, the control device sends a pppoe active session-confirmation (PADS) message to the user terminal through the second forwarding device and the SW/OLT to complete the negotiation process of the pppoe dial request discovery phase.
  • PADS pppoe active session-confirmation
  • the negotiation process in the session phase includes:
  • Step 1 The user terminal sends a link control protocol (LCP) negotiation request to the control device through the SW/OLT and the second forwarding device, and the LCP negotiation request carries user terminal information (such as the user name and password of the user terminal), The LCP negotiation request is used to request authentication of the user terminal.
  • LCP link control protocol
  • Step 2 The control device obtains user terminal information according to the LCP negotiation request, and sends the user terminal information to the AAA server.
  • Step 3 The AAA server matches the stored user terminal information with the received user terminal information to verify the identity of the user terminal. After the verification is passed (that is, the stored user terminal information is the same as the received user terminal information) , To send a response message to the control device.
  • Step 4 After receiving the response message, the control device allows the user terminal to access the network, informs the AAA server to start charging, and sends the address information and domain name information allocated to the user terminal to the second forwarding device through Mi.
  • the second forwarding device delivers the address information and domain name information to the user terminal.
  • Step 5 The control device generates and delivers user entry information to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device through the SCi.
  • Step 6 The second forwarding device generates a user route according to the user entry information, and announces the user routing information to other devices, and the subsequent user terminal can access the network through the second forwarding device.
  • the user entry information includes the first indication information, the second indication information, the IP address of the user terminal, and the MAC address of the user terminal.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is the backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal
  • the second indication information is used to indicate that the second forwarding device is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal.
  • the user entry information also includes any one or more of the following: routing information corresponding to the user terminal, QoS information of the user terminal, and access control lists (ACL) information corresponding to the user terminal.
  • routing information corresponding to the user terminal As shown in Table 1 below, the content and meaning of a user entry information are exemplarily listed. Among them, the ACL information corresponding to the user terminal will display the name of the ACL template corresponding to the user terminal in the user entry information.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic diagram of another user terminal identity verification process, which can be applied to the network architecture shown in (c) in FIG. 2.
  • the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device can perform actions that control the interaction between the device and the AAA server.
  • the discovery phase negotiation process includes:
  • Step 1 The user terminal sends a pppoe dial request.
  • the user terminal sends PADI packets to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device through the SW/OLT.
  • Step 2 After the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device receive the PADI message, they will directly determine the primary forwarding device and the backup forwarding device according to the MAC address of the user terminal corresponding to the PADI message. Assuming that it is determined that the second forwarding device is the primary forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal at this time, the second forwarding device replies to the user terminal with the PADO message.
  • Step 3 The second terminal forwards the PADO message to the user terminal through the SW/OLT.
  • Step 4 After receiving the PADO message, the user terminal sends the PADR message to the second forwarding device through the SW/OLT.
  • Step 5 After receiving the PADR message, the second forwarding device sends the PADS message to the user terminal through the SW/OLT to complete the negotiation process of the pppoe dial request discovery phase.
  • the negotiation process in the session phase includes:
  • Step 1 The user terminal sends an LCP negotiation request to the second forwarding device through the SW/OLT.
  • Step 2 The second forwarding device obtains user terminal information according to the LCP negotiation request, and sends the user terminal information to the AAA server.
  • Step 3 The AAA server verifies the identity of the user terminal, and after passing the verification, sends a response message to the second forwarding device.
  • Step 4 After receiving the response message, the second forwarding device allows the user terminal to access the network, informs the AAA server to start accounting, and sends the address information and domain name information allocated to the user terminal to the user terminal through the SW/OLT.
  • Step 5 The second forwarding device generates user entry information and user routes.
  • Step 6 The main forwarding device sends user data to the backup forwarding device, and instructs the backup forwarding device to synchronize the user data. That is, the second forwarding device sends user data to the first forwarding device.
  • Step 7 The first forwarding device synchronizes user data and generates corresponding user entry information.
  • the user terminal can access the network normally.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a schematic flowchart of a message transmission method.
  • the method may include S101-S103:
  • the first forwarding device receives a message forwarded by a user terminal in a load sharing manner, and the message includes a keep-alive request message.
  • the message of the user terminal may include a signaling message, such as a keepalive request message.
  • a signaling message such as a keepalive request message.
  • various accidents such as power failure, crash, and abnormal restart may occur on both parties of the communication.
  • the keep-alive request message can be used to detect the "live" state of the opposite end of the connection.
  • the user-side link 26 between the SW/OLT 24 and the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 is aggregated to form a logical link through LAG technology to realize the user-side chain Load sharing of road 26.
  • the first forwarding device 22 is determined to be the backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal 21, and the second forwarding device 23 is the main forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal 21, the user
  • the message of the terminal 21 is forwarded to the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 at the SW/OLT 24 in a load sharing manner.
  • SW/OLT24 When a message passes through SW/OLT24, SW/OLT24 will perform load balancing operations, such as hash operations. After that, according to the calculation result of the load balancing, the message will be forwarded to the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23.
  • load balancing operations such as hash operations.
  • the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 22 determine that the first forwarding device 22 is the backup forwarding device corresponding to the user terminal 21, and the second forwarding device 23 is the user terminal 21 corresponds to the main forwarding device.
  • the message of the user terminal 21 is forwarded to the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23 at the SW/OLT 24 in a load sharing manner.
  • SW/OLT24 will perform load balancing operations, such as hash operations. After that, according to the calculation result of the load balancing, the message will be forwarded to the first forwarding device 22 and the second forwarding device 23.
  • load balancing is implemented among multiple user-side links, and the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device receive the packet after the load balancing operation.
  • the first forwarding device forwards the keep-alive request message to the second forwarding device through the tunnel.
  • the tunnel includes any one or more of the following: direct connection link channel, label switch path (label switch path, LSP), generic routing encapsulation (generic gouting encapsulation, GRE) channel, version 6 IP protocol segment routing ( segment routing version, SRv6) channel.
  • direct connection link channel label switch path
  • LSP label switch path
  • GRE generic routing encapsulation
  • GRE generic gouting encapsulation
  • SRv6 segment routing version 6
  • SRv6 segment routing version
  • the first forwarding device after the message is transmitted to the first forwarding device, the first forwarding device queries the user entry information, and determines the identity of the user terminal corresponding to the received message according to the user entry information. Furthermore, it is determined according to the identifier of the user terminal that the first forwarding device is the backup forwarding device of the user terminal corresponding to the message. For example, an identification bit can be set in the message, and the first forwarding device determines the corresponding indication information according to the value of the identification bit after receiving the message, and then determines the active/standby status of the forwarding device for the user terminal indicated by the indication information.
  • the value of the identification bit corresponds to the first indication information, it is used to indicate that the first forwarding device is the backup forwarding device of the user terminal. If the backup forwarding device is not used to reply to the keep-alive request message, the first forwarding device will forward the received keep-alive request message to the second forwarding device through the tunnel between the second forwarding device and the second forwarding device. The keep-alive request message is processed.
  • the first forwarding device 22 after the first forwarding device 22 receives the packet transmitted by the user terminal 21 in the load sharing manner at the SW/OLT 24, it will determine according to the user entry information The message does not need to be processed, but the message is forwarded to the second forwarding device 23 through the tunnel 28.
  • the second forwarding device updates the state of the user terminal according to the keep-alive request message.
  • the status of the user terminal may include, for example, whether it is normally connected, the value of a keep-alive timer, and so on.
  • the two parties in general communication will establish a connection information table to save the communication status of the peer device, and set a keep-alive timer.
  • the second forwarding device After the second forwarding device receives the keep-alive request message, it confirms that the user terminal is online, resets the keep-alive request timer, and updates the state of the user terminal to restart timing. Furthermore, it is prevented that the information transmitted by the user terminal is not received for more than the preset time, and the second forwarding device deletes the information of the user terminal in the connection information table.
  • the user terminal after receiving the confirmation response message of the keep-alive request message, the user terminal will also update the state of the second forwarding device to ensure normal connection. It is understandable that the second forwarding device may also actively send a keep-alive request message to the user terminal to confirm the state of the user terminal.
  • the second forwarding device after receiving the keep-alive request message forwarded by the first forwarding device through the tunnel, the second forwarding device will update the state of the user terminal, and will forward the user terminal according to the user route obtained in the above-mentioned user terminal identity verification process.
  • the terminal sends an acknowledgement (acknowledge character, ACK) message of the keep-alive request message.
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • the backup forwarding device can also forward the message through the tunnel.
  • the main forwarding device performs processing according to the user route to ensure that the user can access normally.
  • the second forwarding device 23 receives the keep-alive request message forwarded by the first forwarding device 22 through the tunnel 28, and will update the corresponding user terminal 21 according to the keep-alive request message. State, restart the keep-alive timer, and send a response message of the keep-alive request message to the user terminal 21 to confirm that the connection between the two parties is normal.
  • the message transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application can ensure that when the user terminal's message is transmitted in a load sharing manner, the user terminal can establish a tunnel between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device Normal access can improve the utilization of the user-side link and reduce the load of the user-side link.
  • the packet forwarded by the user terminal to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device in a load sharing manner further includes a data packet.
  • the second forwarding device (primary forwarding device) is also used to perform traffic statistics and quality of service (QoS) processing on data packets, as shown in FIG. 7, which is another method provided by this embodiment of the application.
  • Message transmission method the method may include: S201-S204:
  • the first forwarding device receives a packet forwarded by a user terminal in a load sharing manner, where the packet includes a first data packet.
  • the message of the user terminal may also include a data message.
  • the data message may include, for example, traffic data uploaded or downloaded by the user terminal.
  • the traffic statistics of the data message refers to the statistics of the traffic passing situation to obtain real-time traffic. data.
  • QoS processing is a network traffic management capability that can provide better or special services for some users and/or applications while degrading other users or applications. QoS processing technology can be used to classify user traffic. Further, QoS processing can provide different quality of service for the different needs of various user terminals. For example, provide dedicated bandwidth, reduce message loss rate, network congestion management, network congestion avoidance, traffic speed limit, etc., to achieve a more reasonable allocation and utilization of existing bandwidth. If an ordinary household broadband user terminal needs to reach 300.0Mbps Internet access rate to meet the user needs, the data message corresponding to the user terminal can be subjected to speed limit processing to limit its allocated bandwidth and allocate more bandwidth to the delay requirement Higher equipment.
  • the forwarding device may be used to perform traffic statistics and QoS processing on the packet data transmitted by the user terminal.
  • the first forwarding device receives the packet transmitted by the user terminal after the load balancing operation at the SW/OLT , Will query the user entry information, and then determine the forwarding device's own active/standby status for the user terminal currently transmitting the message, and then determine whether the message needs to be forwarded.
  • step S101 For the rest of the content, reference may be made to the related description of step S101, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first forwarding device forwards the first data packet to the second forwarding device through the tunnel.
  • the first forwarding device determines that it is the backup forwarding device for the user terminal currently transmitting the message, it forwards the received message data to the second forwarding device through the direct tunnel or bypass tunnel between it and the second forwarding device.
  • the second forwarding device is processed by the second forwarding device.
  • step S102 For the rest of the content, reference may be made to the related description of step S102, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second forwarding device receives the second data packet of the user terminal.
  • the user terminal transmits data packets to the forwarding device in a load sharing manner, and both the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device will receive part of the data packets, thus preventing the transmission of traffic data on a single user side link.
  • the load on the user side link is uneven, for example, the user side link 1 is overloaded, and the user side link 2 is under load.
  • the second forwarding device performs traffic statistics and QoS processing according to the first data packet and the second data packet, and then forwards the first data packet and the second data packet to the destination device of the second data packet.
  • the second forwarding device obtains the first data message and the second data message through the above steps S202 and S203, it obtains the complete data message transmitted by the user terminal, and then can perform processing on the complete data message. Traffic statistics and QoS processing. After that, the processed flow data is forwarded to the destination device corresponding to the first data message and the second data message.
  • the second forwarding device is also used to receive the backhaul data message sent by the destination device, and forward the backhaul data message to the user terminal according to the obtained user route. If the destination device can be the Internet, the second forwarding device performs rate limiting processing on the obtained complete data message, such as traffic data, and forwards it to the Internet. And forward the backhaul traffic to the user terminal. In this way, the user terminal goes online and accesses the network.
  • the second forwarding device 23 receives the first data packet forwarded by the first forwarding device 22 through the tunnel 28, and after receiving the second data packet from the user terminal 21, After performing traffic statistics and QoS processing according to the first data message and the second data message, it is forwarded to the destination device 25.
  • the second forwarding device 23 receives the backhaul data packet transmitted by the destination device 25, and the second forwarding device 23 forwards the backhaul data packet to the user terminal 21.
  • the message transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application by establishing a tunnel between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device, can ensure that the user terminal is normal when the user terminal transmits the message in a load sharing manner. Access can improve the utilization of the user-side link and reduce the load of the user-side link.
  • the method may include: S301-S303:
  • the user terminal forwards a message to the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device in a load sharing manner, where the message includes a data message.
  • the functions of traffic statistics and QoS processing may not be configured at the forwarding device, for example, the functions of traffic statistics and QoS processing may be configured at the SW/OLT.
  • the user terminal transmits a data message uplink in a load sharing manner, the first forwarding device will receive the first data message, and the second forwarding device will receive the second data message.
  • the first forwarding device directly forwards the first data packet to the destination device of the first data packet.
  • the second forwarding device directly forwards the second data packet to the destination device of the second data packet.
  • the first data message received by the first forwarding device and the second data message received by the second forwarding device are both the statistics of user terminal uplink data message traffic and QoS Packets transmitted in load sharing mode after processing.
  • the first forwarding device does not have to forward the received data message to the second forwarding device through the tunnel, and the second forwarding device does not have to wait until the data message forwarded by the first forwarding device is received before processing the data message.
  • the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device may directly forward the received data message to the destination device of the data message.
  • the destination device will determine the corresponding primary forwarding device according to the data message, and then use the primary forwarding device to forward the backhaul data message.
  • the message transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application by establishing a tunnel between the first forwarding device and the second forwarding device, can ensure that the user terminal is normal when the user terminal transmits the message in a load sharing manner. Access can improve the utilization of the user-side link and reduce the load of the user-side link.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the message transmission device involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the message transmission device 900 includes: a receiving unit 901 and a sending unit 902.
  • the receiving unit 901 is used to support the message transmission device 900 to perform step S101 in FIG. 6, step S201 in FIG. 7, step S301 in FIG. 8, and/or other processes used in the technology described herein.
  • the sending unit 902 is used to support the message transmission device 900 to perform step 2 of the discovery phase negotiation process in FIG. 4, step S102 in FIG. 6, step S202 in FIG. 7, step S302 in FIG. 8, and/or for Other processes of the technique described in this article.
  • the message transmission device 900 may further include a processing unit 903 for supporting the message transmission device 900 to perform step 2 of the discovery phase negotiation process in FIG. 5, step 7 of the session phase negotiation in FIG. 5, and/or used as described herein Other processes of the technology.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a possible structure of the message transmission apparatus involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the message transmission device 1000 includes: a receiving unit 1001 and a processing unit 1002.
  • the receiving unit 1001 is configured to support the message transmission device 1000 to perform step S203 in FIG. 7, step S301 in FIG. 8, and/or other processes used in the technology described herein.
  • the processing unit 1002 is used to support the message transmission device 1000 to perform step 6 of the session phase negotiation in FIG. 4, step 2 of the discovery phase negotiation process in FIG. 5, step 5 of the session phase negotiation in FIG. 5, and step S103 in FIG. 6 , Step S204 in FIG. 7, and/or other processes used in the techniques described herein.
  • the message transmission apparatus 1000 may further include a sending unit 1003, which is used to support the message transmission apparatus 1000 to perform steps 2 and 5 of the discovery phase negotiation process in FIG. 4, step 6 of the session phase negotiation in FIG. 5, and Step S303, and/or other processes used in the technology described herein.
  • a sending unit 1003 which is used to support the message transmission apparatus 1000 to perform steps 2 and 5 of the discovery phase negotiation process in FIG. 4, step 6 of the session phase negotiation in FIG. 5, and Step S303, and/or other processes used in the technology described herein.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a message transmission apparatus provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the message transmission device may correspond to the message transmission device in FIG. 9 or may correspond to the message transmission device in FIG. 10, and includes at least one processor 1101, a communication line 1102, a memory 1103, and at least one communication interface 1104 .
  • the memory 1103 may also be included in the processor 1101.
  • the processor 1101 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more programs for controlling the execution of the program of this application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the communication line 1102 may include a path to transmit information between the aforementioned components.
  • the communication interface 1104 is used to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a module, a circuit, a bus, an interface, a transceiver, or other device that can realize a communication function, and is used to communicate with other devices.
  • the transceiver can be an independently set transmitter, which can be used to send information to other devices, and the transceiver can also be an independently set receiver for sending information from other devices.
  • the device receives information.
  • the transceiver may also be a component that integrates the functions of sending and receiving information, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation of the transceiver.
  • the memory 1103 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions
  • the dynamic storage device can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, optical disc storage (Including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be used by a computer Any other media accessed, but not limited to this.
  • the memory may exist independently, and is connected to the processor 1101 through a communication line 1102.
  • the memory 1103 may also be integrated with the processor 1101.
  • the memory 1103 is used to store computer-executed instructions used to implement the solution of the present application, and the processor 1101 controls the execution.
  • the processor 1101 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1103, so as to implement the message transmission method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer execution instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application program codes, instructions, computer programs, or other names, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 1101 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 11.
  • the message transmission apparatus 1100 may include multiple processors, such as the processor 1101 and the processor 1105 in FIG. 11. Each of these processors can be a single-core processor or a multi-core processor.
  • the processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions).
  • the foregoing message transmission device may be a general-purpose device or a special-purpose device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the message transmission device.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the message transmission device.
  • the message transmission device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange different components.
  • the illustrated components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a message transmission system 1200, as shown in FIG. 12, including a user terminal 1201, a first forwarding device 1202, and a second forwarding device 1203.
  • the first forwarding device 1202 and the second forwarding device 1203 are provided
  • There is a tunnel 1204, and the message of the user terminal 1201 is forwarded to the first forwarding device 1202 and the second forwarding device 1203 in a load sharing manner (for example, using LAG technology).
  • the first forwarding device 1202 is configured to perform steps S101 and S102 in FIG. 6, steps S201 and S202 in FIG. 7, step S302 in FIG. 8, and/or other processes used in the technology described herein.
  • the second forwarding device 1203 is configured to perform step S103 in FIG. 6, steps S203 and S204 in FIG. 7, step S303 in FIG. 8, and/or other processes used in the technology described herein.
  • the message transmission system 1200 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange different components.
  • the illustrated components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. All relevant content of the steps involved in the above method embodiment can be cited in the functional description of the corresponding component, which will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system.
  • the chip system includes at least one processor 1301 and at least one interface circuit 1302.
  • the processor 1301 and the interface circuit 1302 may be interconnected by wires.
  • the interface circuit 1302 can be used to receive signals from other devices.
  • the interface circuit 1302 may be used to send signals to other devices (such as the processor 1301).
  • the interface circuit 1302 can read an instruction stored in the memory, and send the instruction to the processor 1301.
  • the message transmission apparatus can be made to execute each step in the message transmission method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the chip system may also include other discrete devices, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions run on a server, the server executes the above-mentioned related method steps to implement the report in the above-mentioned embodiment. Text transmission method.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, which when the computer program product runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the above-mentioned related steps, so as to realize the message transmission method in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a device, which may specifically be a component or a module, and the device may include one or more processors and memories connected; wherein the memory is used to store computer programs, one or more The computer program includes instructions. When the instruction is executed by one or more processors, the device executes the message transmission method in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the device, computer readable storage medium, computer program product, or chip provided in the embodiments of the present application are all used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the above provided The beneficial effects of the corresponding method will not be repeated here.
  • the disclosed method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, for example, multiple units or components may be divided. It can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, modules or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: flash memory, mobile hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program instructions.

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Abstract

本申请提供报文传输方法、装置及系统，涉及网络技术领域，能够提高用户侧链路的利用率，降低用户侧链路的负载。应用于包括用户终端、第一转发设备和第二转发设备构成的网络架构中。其中，第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间设置有隧道；用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式转发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备。该方法包括：第一转发设备接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文，报文包括保活请求报文；第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。第一转发设备将保活请求报文通过隧道转发至第二转发设备；第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。

Description

报文传输方法、装置及系统
本申请要求于2020年02月21日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202010109060.2、发明名称为“报文传输方法、装置及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及网络技术领域，尤其涉及一种报文传输方法、装置及系统。
背景技术
随着网络技术的发展，在用户宽带接入场景中，为满足互联网业务种类增加对用户接入带宽以及对宽带网络网关(broadband network gateway，BNG)设备支持的用户的会话(session)数量等的需求。将BNG设备应用于基于软件定义网络(software defined network，SDN)和网络功能虚拟化(network function virtualization，NFV)的系统架构中，实现BNG设备解耦为控制平面(control plane，CP)设备和用户平面(user plane，UP)设备。
其中，CP设备可以管理多台UP设备，进而CP设备可以管理多个经由UP设备接入网络的用户终端，实现UP设备间用户终端的灵活调度。如此，为实现用户侧链路的负载分担，如图1所示，可以将两台由同一CP设备管理的UP设备通过两条用户侧链路连接至同一交换机(switch，SW)或光线路终端(optical line termination，OLT)。在用户终端通过该SW/OLT请求接入网络时，CP设备可以根据该用户终端的媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)地址的哈希(hash)运算结果，确定当前用户终端的MAC地址为奇MAC地址或偶MAC地址，根据用户终端的奇偶MAC地址分别接入不同的UP设备。例如将奇MAC地址的用户终端1经由UP1接入网络，偶MAC地址的用户终端2经由UP2接入网络。或者，CP设备判断UP设备上负载的会话(session)数量，将该用户终端接入session数量少的UP设备。例如将用户终端1从UP1接入网络，用户终端2从UP2接入网络。如此，实现用户终端和UP设备之间用户侧链路的负载分担。上述两种负载分担的方法，后续用户终端1的流量只会经由与UP1之间的用户侧链路1进行转发，用户终端2的流量只会经由与UP2之间的用户侧链路2进行转发。但是，实际上不同用户终端的流量差异比较大，当一条用户侧链路对应的用户终端上行流量出现大象流时，会导致该用户侧链路的负载非常高，影响传输质量。
发明内容
本申请提供的报文传输方法，能够在实现用户侧链路传输报文的负载分担的前提下，提高用户链路的利用率。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请提供一种报文传输方法，应用于包括用户终端、第一转发设备和第二转发设备构成的网络架构中。其中，第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间设置有隧道；用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式转发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备。该方法可以包括：第一转发设备接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文，报文 包括保活请求报文；第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。第一转发设备将保活请求报文通过隧道转发至第二转发设备；第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。
其中，用户终端的报文会通过SW/OLT传输至第一转发设备和第二转发设备，负载分担的方式例如可以包括将SW/OLT与第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间连接的两条用户侧链路(物理链路)通过链路聚合组(link aggregation group，LAG)技术捆绑为一条逻辑链路。
如此，用户终端的报文传输到SW/OLT处会进行负载平衡运算，使得报文通过两条用户侧链路传输至两台转发设备，实现用户侧链路的负载分担。
进一步的，对于某些业务(例如宽带业务)用户终端对应的用户路由只能配置在一台转发设备的情况，本申请实施例通过在两台转发设备之间配置隧道，可以在备用转发设备(未配置用户路由的转发设备)接收到报文后，将该报文通过隧道转发至主转发设备(配置有用户路由的转发设备)。进而防止出现报文转发至未配置用户路由的转发设备时报文丢失的情况。
如此，能够保证在用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式传输的情况下，提高用户侧链路的利用率，降低用户侧链路的负载。
在一种可能的实现方式中，报文还包括数据报文，方法还包括：若第二转发设备还用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则第一转发设备将数据报文通过隧道转发至第二转发设备。
示例性的，用户终端的报文可以包括信令报文，如确认对端“存活状态”的保活报文；还可以包括数据报文，如可以包括用户终端上传或下载的流量数据。对数据报文的流量统计指的是对流量通过情况进行统计，获得实时流量数据。服务质量(quality of service，QoS)处理可以针对各种用户终端的不同需求，提供不同的服务质量。例如，普通家庭宽带用户终端需要上网速率达到300.0Mbps即可满足用户需求，则可以对该用户终端对应的数据报文进行限速处理，限制其分配的带宽，将更多的带宽分配给带宽要求更高的设备。
那么，对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理需要针对用户终端传输的完整的数据报文，则备用转发设备接收到用户终端的数据报文后，需要将该数据报文通过隧道转发至主转发设备，由主转发设备进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理后进行转发。
在一种可能的实现方式中，报文还包括数据报文，方法还包括：若第二转发设备不用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则第一转发设备将数据报文直接向数据报文的目的设备转发。
示例性的，对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理的设备可以为其他设备，如在SW/OLT处对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则用户终端的数据报文在SW/OLT处通过负载分担的方式转发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备后，第一转发设备不需要将数据报文转发给第二转发设备，第一转发设备和第二转发设备可以直接转发接收的数据报文至网络。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络架构中还包括控制设备，在第一转发设备接收到 用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文之前，方法还包括：第一转发设备接收用户终端广播的拨号请求。第一转发设备将拨号请求发送至控制设备，接收控制设备发送的用户表项信息；其中，用户表项信息用于表示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
示例性的，控制设备可以为BNG的控制平面(BNG-CP)。第一转发设备和第二转发设备为BNG的用户平面(BNG-UP)。在第一转发设备接收到用户终端发送的拨号请求后，将该拨号请求转发至控制设备，通过控制设备完成用户终端的身份验证，并获得由控制设备确定的用户表项信息，进而根据用户表项信息确定自身为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。如此，在用户终端身份的验证，以及确定主备转发设备的身份后，可以对用户终端传输的报文执行对应的动作完成用户上线。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户表项信息为控制设备根据用户终端的媒体接入控制MAC地址或者第一转发设备和第二转发设备的会话数量确定。
例如，控制设备根据用户终端的MAC地址确定其为奇MAC地址或者为偶MAC地址，之后，可以配置如第一转发设备为奇MAC地址用户终端的主转发设备，第二转发设备为奇MAC地址用户终端的备用转发设备；第二转发设备为偶MAC地址用户终端的主转发设备，第一转发设备为偶MAC地址用户终端的备转发设备。之后，控制设备将配置结果保存至用户表项信息下发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备，则第一转发设备和第二转发设备可以根据用户表项信息执行对应的动作。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在第一转发设备接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文之前，方法还包括：第一转发设备接收用户终端广播的拨号请求。第一转发设备根据拨号请求获得用户表项信息。其中，用户表项信息用于表示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
示例性的，第一转发设备和第二转发设备例如可以为宽带接入服务器(broadband remote access server，BRAS)，则第一转发设备和第二转发设备接收到用户终端的拨号请求后，可以在用户终端身份验证的过程中获得用户终端信息，进而直接确定用户表项信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一转发设备根据拨号请求获得用户表项信息，包括：第一转发设备根据拨号请求对应的用户终端的MAC地址生成用户表项信息。
示例性的，若第一转发设备为BRAS，则第一转发设备可以直接获得用户终端的MAC地址，进而确定其MAC地址为奇MAC地址或偶MAC地址，进而根据预先配置，确定自身为其对应的备用转发设备，并完成用户表项信息的创建。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户表项信息包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息、用户终端的IP地址和用户终端的MAC地址；其中，第一指示信息用于指示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备，第二指示信息用于指示第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：用户终端对应的路由信息，用户终端的QoS信息，用户终端对应的访问控制列表ACL信息。
比如，第一转发设备在接收到用户终端传输的报文后，根据用户表项信息，确定自身为当前传输报文的用户终端的主转发设备或备用转发设备，进而确定是否需要将接收到的报文通过隧道转发至主转发设备。又比如，用户终端的路由信息包括该用户 终端传输的数据报文的网络地址，则在第二转发设备不对数据报文进行流量统计以及QoS处理时，第一转发设备直接根据该路由信息将接收到的数据报文转发至对应的互联网。
在一种可能的实现方式中，隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道LSP、通用路由封装GRE通道、段路由SRv6通道。
如此，在备用转发设备接收到报文后，可以通过与主转发设备之间的直连隧道或绕行隧道转发至主转发设备。例如，若当前网络架构为叶脊(leaf-spine)网络拓扑结构，第一转发设备和第二转发设备作为leaf设备，则第一转发设备可利用如段路由SRv6通道，将接收到的报文转发至spine设备，再由spine设备利用如段路由SRv6通道转发至第二转发设备。
第二方面，本申请提供一种报文传输方法，应用于包括用户终端、第一转发设备和第二转发设备构成的网络架构中；其中，第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间设置有隧道；用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式转发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备。该方法可以包括：第二转发设备接收到第一转发设备通过隧道转发的报文，通过隧道转发的报文包括保活请求报文；第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备；第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。第二转发设备根据保活请求报文更新用户终端的状态。
其中，用户终端状态例如可以包括通信双方建立的连接信息表中的状态，通过该状态确认对端的“存活状态”，如设定预设时间，超过预设时间未接收到用户终端传输的数据，则确定与用户终端的连接出现异常。在第二转发设备接收到该保活请求后，则确认与用户终端直接的连接正常，可以重置(更新)定时器，重新开始下一轮对应于该用户终端连接的计时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户终端的报文包括数据报文，方法还包括：若第二转发设备还用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则第二转发设备接收到第一转发设备通过隧道转发的第一数据报文。第二转发设备接收到用户终端的第二数据报文。第二转发设备根据第一数据报文和第二数据报文进行流量统计以及QoS处理后向第一数据报文和第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
其中，目的设备例如包括互联网(internet)或者其他外部网络设备。如此，可以实现宽带业务的用户终端通过第二转发设备接入互联网。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户终端的报文包括数据报文，方法还包括：若第二转发设备不用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则第二转发设备接收到用户终端的第二数据报文。第二转发设备直接将第二数据报文向第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络架构还包括控制设备，在第二转发设备接收到第一转发设备通过隧道转发的报文之前，方法还包括：第二转发设备接收用户终端广播的拨号请求。第二转发设备将拨号请求发送至控制设备，接收控制设备发送的用户表项信息；其中，用户表项信息用于表示第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户表项信息为控制设备根据用户终端的媒体接入控制MAC地址或者第一转发设备和第二转发设备的会话数量确定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在第二转发设备接收到第一转发设备通过隧道转发的报文之前，方法还包括：第二转发设备接收用户终端广播的拨号请求。第二转发设备根据拨号请求获得用户表项信息；其中，用户表项信息用于表示第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二转发设备根据拨号请求获得用户表项信息，包括：第二转发设备根据拨号请求对应的用户终端的MAC地址获得用户表项信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户表项信息包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息、用户终端的IP地址和用户终端的MAC地址；其中，第一指示信息用于指示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备，第二指示信息用于指示第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：用户终端对应的路由信息，用户终端的服务质量QoS信息，用户终端对应的访问控制列表ACL信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道LSP、通用路由封装GRE通道、段路由SRv6通道。
第三方面，本申请提供一种报文传输装置，应用于第一转发设备，该装置可以包括：接收单元，发送单元。接收单元，用于接收用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文，报文包括保活请求报文；该第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。发送单元，用于将保活请求报文通过隧道转发至第二转发设备；第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，报文还包括数据报文，若第二转发设备还用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则发送单元还用于将数据报文通过隧道转发至第二转发设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，报文还包括数据报文。发送单元，还用于若第二转发设备不用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则将数据报文直接向数据报文的目的设备转发。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接收单元，还用于在接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文之前，接收用户终端广播的拨号请求。发送单元，还用于将拨号请求发送至控制设备。接收单元，还用于接收控制设备发送的用户表项信息；其中，用户表项信息用于表示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户表项信息为控制设备根据用户终端的媒体接入控制MAC地址或者第一转发设备和第二转发设备的会话数量确定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，装置包括处理单元。接收单元，还用于在接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文之前，接收用户终端广播的拨号请求。处理单元，用于根据拨号请求获得用户表项信息；其中，用户表项信息用于表示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理单元，具体用于根据拨号请求对应的用户终端的MAC地址生成用户表项信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户表项信息包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息、用户终端的IP地址和用户终端的MAC地址；其中，第一指示信息用于指示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备，第二指示信息用于指示第二转发设备为用户终端 对应的主转发设备。用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：用户终端对应的路由信息，用户终端的QoS信息，用户终端对应的访问控制列表ACL信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道LSP、通用路由封装GRE通道、段路由SRv6通道。
第四方面，本申请实例提供一种报文传输装置，该装置应用于第二转发设备，包括：接收单元，处理单元。接收单元，用于接收第一转发设备通过隧道转发的报文，报文包括保活请求报文；第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备；第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。处理单元，用于根据保活请求报文更新用户终端的状态。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户终端的报文包括数据报文。装置还包括：发送单元。若处理单元还用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理；则接收单元，还用于接收第一转发设备通过隧道转发的第一数据报文。接收单元，还用于接收用户终端的第二数据报文。发送单元，用于在处理单元根据第一数据报文和第二数据报文进行流量统计以及QoS处理后向第一数据报文和第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户终端的报文包括数据报文；装置还包括：发送单元。若处理单元不用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则接收单元，还用于接收用户终端的第二数据报文。发送单元，用于直接将第二数据报文向第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
在一种可能的实现方式中，装置还包括：发送单元。接收单元，还用于在接收到第一转发设备通过隧道转发的报文之前，接收到用户终端广播的拨号请求。发送单元，用于将拨号请求发送至控制设备。接收单元，还用于接收控制设备发送的用户表项信息；其中，用户表项信息用于表示第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户表项信息为控制设备根据用户终端的媒体接入控制MAC地址或者第一转发设备和第二转发设备的会话数量确定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接收单元，用于在接收到第一转发设备通过隧道转发的报文之前，接收用户终端广播的拨号请求。处理单元，还用于根据拨号请求获得用户表项信息。其中，用户表项信息用于表示第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理单元，具体用于根据拨号请求对应的用户终端的MAC地址获得用户表项信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，用户表项信息包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息、用户终端的IP地址和用户终端的MAC地址；其中，第一指示信息用于指示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备，第二指示信息用于指示第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：用户终端对应的路由信息，用户终端的服务质量QoS信息，用户终端对应的访问控制列表ACL信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道LSP、通用路由封装GRE通道、段路由SRv6通道。
第五方面，本申请提供一种报文传输装置，该报文传输装置可以包括：一个或多个处理器；存储器，用于存储一个或多个计算机程序；一个或多个计算机程序包括 指令。当指令被一个或多个处理器执行时，使得该报文传输装置执行如上述第一方面至第二方面，以及其中任一种可能的实现方式中所述的报文传输方法。
第六方面，本申请提供一种装置，该装置具有实现如上述第一方面至第二方面，以及其中任一种可能的实现方式中所述的报文传输方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种报文传输系统，包括用户终端，第一转发设备和第二转发设备。其中，第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间设置有隧道，用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式转发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备。第一转发设备执行如上述第一方面以及其中任一种可能的实现方式中所述的报文传输方法。第二转发设备执行如上述第二方面以及其中任一种可能的实现方式中所述的报文传输方法。
第八方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在服务器上运行时，使得服务器执行如上述第一方面至第二方面，以及其中任一种可能的实现方式中所述的报文传输方法。
第九方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在服务器上运行时，使得服务器执行如上述第一方面至第二方面，以及其中任一种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式中所述的报文传输方法。
第十方面，提供一种电路系统，电路系统包括处理电路，处理电路被配置为执行如上述第一方面至第二方面，以及其中任一种可能的实现方式中所述的报文传输方法。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的现有技术中报文传输方法的应用场景示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输系统的网络架构的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种控制设备和转发设备之间接口的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种用户终端身份验证流程的示意图一；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种用户终端身份验证流程的示意图二；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输方法的流程示意图一；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输方法的流程示意图二；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输方法的流程示意图三；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输装置的结构示意图一；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输装置的结构示意图二；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输装置的硬件结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输系统的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种芯片系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请实施例提供的报文传输方法、装置及系统进行详细地描述。
图2中的(a)示例性的给出了本申请实施例提供的一种报文传输系统的网络架构示意图。该网络架构包括多个用户终端21(例如用户终端1和用户终端2)、第一转发设备22、第二转发设备23。各个设备之间可以通过有线网络或者无线网络连接。本 申请实施例对设备之间的连接方式不做具体限定。
上述用户终端21可以是可移动电话(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、智能手表、上网本、可穿戴电子设备、增强现实技术(augmented reality，AR)设备、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、车载设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、人工智能(artificial intelligence，AI)终端等可以实现网络接入功能的终端设备，本公开实施例对用户终端的具体形态不作特殊限制。
上述第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23例如可以为宽带接入服务器(broadband remote access server，BRAS)；或者，如图1所示，将BNG设备应用于基于SDN和NFV的网络架构中，实现BNG设备解耦，则第一转发设备22和第二转发设备可以为BNG的用户平面(BNG-UP)设备。第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23位于网络层的边缘，在宽带接入网络和骨干网络之间起桥梁的作用，提供基本的接入手段和宽带接入网的管理功能。实现多种业务的汇聚与转发，能满足不同用户对传输容量和带宽利用率的要求，是宽带用户接入的核心设备。例如，第一转发设备22接收到用户终端21通过二层设备如SW/OLT24传输的报文后，可以将该报文转发至该报文对应的目的设备25。其中，目的设备25例如可以包括互联网(internet)或者其他外部网络设备。如此，比如可以实现宽带业务的用户终端21通过第一转发设备22接入互联网。第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23还可以接收目的设备25传输的报文，并将该报文转发至用户终端21。
可选的，用户终端21在正常访问网络之前，需要对用户终端21进行身份验证。则上述网络架构中还可以包括验证、授权和计费(authentication、authorization、accounting，AAA)服务器。AAA服务器为能够处理用户终端21访问请求的服务器，提供验证授权以及帐户服务，主要目的是管理用户终端访问网络服务器，对具有访问权的用户终端21提供服务。
可选的，如图2中的(b)中所示，若第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23为BNG的用户平面(BNG-UP)设备，该网络架构中还可以包括控制设备27，如BNG的控制平面(BNG-CP)设备。控制设备27用于与认证系统、计费系统、客户管理系统、服务策略控制系统以及AAA服务器相配合实现用户终端21接入的认证、计费和管理功能。或者，如图2中的(a)中所示，若第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23为BRAS设备，则第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23直接用于与认证系统、计费系统、客户管理系统、服务策略控制系统以及AAA服务器相配合实现用户终端21接入的认证、计费和管理功能。
可选的，如图3所示，为控制设备与第一转发设备/第二转发设备之间的接口示意图。控制设备和第一转发设备/第二转发设备之间通过数据包重定向接口(packet redirect interface，Pri)、状态控制接口(state control interface，Sci)和管理接口(management interface，Mi)实现通信。其中，各个接口在本申请实施例中的用途详 见下文图4和图5中关于用户终端身份验证流程的相关描述。
需要说明的是，上述网络架构可以为传统的三层网络拓扑结构，也可以为叶脊(leaf-spine)网络拓扑结构。如第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23作为leaf设备，在第一转发设备22以及第二转发设备23与目的设备25之间可以配置另一转发设备作为spine设备。或者，随着网络技术的发展可以为其他类型的网络拓扑结构。
为了提高SW/OLT24与第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23之间用户侧链路26(例如图2中的(a)中所示的用户侧链路1和用户侧链路2)的利用率，防止出现单侧链路负载较大的问题。可以通过链路聚合组(link aggregation group，LAG)技术将多个物理二层用户侧链路26捆绑为一个逻辑二层链路。LAG中的多条用户侧链路26对应同一个Trunk端口与SW/OLT24连接，该Trunk端口下的多个用户侧链路26可以实现负载均衡。如此，如图2中的(a)或者如图2中的(b)所示，用户终端21传输的上行报文经过SW/OLT24后，会通过用户侧链路1和用户侧链路2传输至第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23，实现用户侧链路26的负载分担。
目前，在现有的网络架构中，SW/OLT24下挂的业务可以为专线业务，如二层虚拟专用网(level 2virtual private network，L2VPN)，三层虚拟专用网(L3VPN)等；还可以为宽带业务。在通过LAG技术将用户侧链路26聚合后，应用L2VPN、L3VPN或宽带业务的用户终端21可以通过trunk接口的子接口进行区分，使其具备不同的虚拟局域网(virtual local area network，VLAN)范围。
其中，针对L2VPN用户和L3VPN用户，通过配置，用户终端21的报文在SW/OLT24处通过负载分担的方式(如应用LAG技术)转发至第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23后，第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23可以将获得的报文直接转发至目的设备25，即可以实现两条用户侧链路26的双活接入。针对宽带业务用户，由于宽带业务的用户终端21对应的路由只能配置于在单台转发设备。也就是说，宽带业务用户终端21，利用LAG技术将第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23对应的用户侧链路26聚合后，用户终端21对应的路由只能配置于其中一台转发设备，该转发设备为用户终端21对应的主转发设备，另一台不配置用户终端21对应的路由的转发设备为该用户终端21对应的备用转发设备。这就造成若宽带业务的用户终端21将报文在SW/OLT24处通过负载分担的方式转发至备用转发设备，备用转发设备由于未配置用户终端21对应的路由，则无法处理该报文，甚至会直接丢弃相应的报文，导致用户终端失败下线。
有鉴于此，在本申请的实施例提供了一种报文传输方法，应用于如图2中的(c)所示的网络架构，或者应用于如图2中的(d)所示的网络架构中。其中，图2中的(c)是基于图2中的(a)所示的网络架构进行的改进，图2中的(d)是基于图2中的(b)所示的网络架构进行的改进。如图2中的(c)或者图2中的(d)所示，在第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23之间配置隧道28。如此，若备用转发设备接收到用户终端21转发的报文，且确认自身为未配置该用户终端21对应的路由的备用转发设备，则可以通过隧道28将报文转发至主转发设备，避免用户的失败下线。本申请的实施例提供的报文传输方法，能够在实现用户侧链路以负载分担的方式传输报文的前提下，保证宽带业务用户终端正常传输报文。
首先，对用户终端身份验证过程进行简单的介绍。如图4所示，为一种用户终端身份验证流程的示意图，可以应用于如图2中的(d)所示的网络架构中。
以用户终端通过以太网点对点协议(point-to-point protocol over ethernet，pppoe)接入网络为例，其身份验证过程可以包括：发现阶段协商过程和会话阶段协商过程。
发现阶段协商过程包括：
步骤一、用户终端发送pppoe的拨号请求。如用户终端通过SW/OLT向第一转发设备和第二转发设备发送pppoe激活发现启动(pppoe active discovery initiation，PADI)报文。
步骤二、第一转发设备和第二转发设备将PADI报文通过Pri转发至控制设备。
步骤三、控制设备可以根据PADI报文对应的用户终端的MAC地址或者第一转发设备和第二转发设备的会话(session)数量(或者称之为session负载量)确定主转发设备和备用转发设备。比如，第一转发设备为奇MAC地址的用户终端对应的主转发设备，第二转发设备为偶MAC地址的用户终端对应的备用转发设备。又比如，此时第二转发设备的会话数量较少，用户终端可以通过第二转发设备接入，则第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备，第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
步骤四、控制设备向主转发设备回复pppoe激活发现提供(pppoe active discovery offer，PADO)报文，PADO报文表示允许与该用户终端建立连接。假设此时控制设备确定第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备，则向第二转发设备回复PADO报文。
步骤五、第二终端通过SW/OLT向用户终端转发PADO报文。
步骤六、用户终端接收到PADO报文后，通过SW/OLT以及第二转发设备向控制设备发送pppoe激活发现请求(pppoe active discovery request，PADR)报文。
步骤七、控制设备接收PADR报文后通过第二转发设备以及SW/OLT向用户终端发送pppoe激活发现会话确认(pppoe active session-confirmation，PADS)报文，完成pppoe拨号请求发现阶段的协商过程。
会话阶段协商过程包括：
步骤一、用户终端通过SW/OLT以及第二转发设备向控制设备发送链路控制协议(link control protocol，LCP)协商请求，该LCP协商请求携带用户终端信息(如用户终端的用户名和密码)，该LCP协商请求用于请求对该用户终端进行身份验证。
步骤二、控制设备根据LCP协商请求获得用户终端信息，并将该用户终端信息发送至AAA服务器。
步骤三、AAA服务器将存储的用户终端信息，与接收到的用户终端信息进行匹配，以对用户终端的身份进行验证，验证通过(即存储的用户终端信息与接收到的用户终端信息相同)后，向控制设备发送应答报文。
步骤四、控制设备接收到应答报文后，允许用户终端接入网络，通知AAA服务器开始计费，并通过Mi向第二转发设备发送分配给用户终端的地址信息以及域名信息。第二转发设备将地址信息以及域名信息下发至用户终端。
步骤五、控制设备生成并通过SCi向第一转发设备和第二转发设备下发用户表项信息。
步骤六、第二转发设备根据用户表项信息生成用户路由，并向其他设备通告该用 户路由信息，后续用户终端可以通过第二转发设备接入网络。
其中，用户表项信息包括第一指示信息，第二指示信息，用户终端的IP地址，用户终端的MAC地址。其中，第一指示信息用于指示第一转发设备为用户终端对应的备用转发设备，第二指示信息用于指示第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备。用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：用户终端对应的路由信息，用户终端的QoS信息，用户终端对应的访问控制列表(access control lists，ACL)信息。如下表1所示，示例性的列举一种用户表项信息包含的内容以及含义。其中，用户终端对应的ACL信息在用户表项信息中会显示该用户终端对应的ACL模板的名称。
表1
Figure PCTCN2020118829-appb-000001
示例性的，如图5所示，为又一种用户终端身份验证流程的示意图，可以应用于如图2中的(c)所示的网络架构中。此时，第一转发设备和第二转发设备可以执行控制设备与AAA服务器交互的动作。
参见图5所示，发现阶段协商过程包括：
步骤一、用户终端发送pppoe的拨号请求。如用户终端通过SW/OLT向第一转发设备和第二转发设备发送PADI报文。
步骤二、在第一转发设备和第二转发设备接收到PADI报文后，会直接根据PADI报文对应的用户终端的MAC地址确定主转发设备以及备用转发设备。假设此时确定第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备，则由第二转发设备向用户终端回复PADO报文。
步骤三、第二终端通过SW/OLT向用户终端转发PADO报文。
步骤四、用户终端接收到PADO报文后，通过SW/OLT向第二转发设备发送PADR报文。
步骤五、第二转发设备接收PADR报文后通过SW/OLT向用户终端发送PADS报文，完成pppoe拨号请求发现阶段的协商过程。
会话阶段协商过程包括：
步骤一、用户终端通过SW/OLT向第二转发设备发送LCP协商请求。
步骤二、第二转发设备根据LCP协商请求获得用户终端信息，并将该用户终端信息发送至AAA服务器。
步骤三、AAA服务器对用户终端的身份进行验证，验证通过后，向第二转发设备发送应答报文。
步骤四、第二转发设备接收到应答报文后，允许用户终端接入网络，通知AAA服务器开始计费，并通过SW/OLT向用户终端发送分配给用户终端的地址信息以及域名信息。
步骤五、第二转发设备生成用户表项信息以及用户路由。
步骤六、主转发设备向备用转发设备发送用户数据，指示备用转发设备进行用户数据同步。即第二转发设备向第一转发设备发送用户数据。
步骤七、第一转发设备进行用户数据同步，并生成对应的用户表项信息。
后续，该用户终端可以正常访问网络。
如图6所示，为用户终端身份验证通过后，本申请实施例提供一种报文传输方法的流程示意图。该方法可以包括S101-S103：
S101、第一转发设备接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文，该报文包括保活请求报文。
其中，用户终端的报文可以包括信令报文，如保活(keepalive)请求报文。在用户终端与转发设备之间建立连接并通信的过程中，通信双方都有可能出现掉电、死机、异常重启等各种意外。意外发生后，若双方未及时正常释放连接，则连接的另一方在不知道对端的情况下，会一直维护该连接，导致异常连接累计，造成端系统资源的消耗和浪费。基于此，可以利用保活请求报文来探测连接对端的“存活”状态。
比如，如图2中的(d)所示，SW/OLT24与第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23之间的用户侧链路26通过LAG技术聚合形成一条逻辑链路，实现用户侧链路26的负载分担。在通过控制设备27与AAA服务器对用户终端21的身份验证，以及确定第一转发设备22为用户终端21对应的备用转发设备，第二转发设备23为用户终端21对应的主转发设备后，用户终端21的报文在SW/OLT24处通过负载分担的方式向第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23转发。在报文通过SW/OLT24处时，SW/OLT24会进行负载平衡运算，如哈希(hash)运算等。之后，根据负载平衡的运算结果，报文会转发至第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23。
又比如，如图2中的(c)所示，由第一转发设备22和第二转发设备22确定第一转发设备22为用户终端21对应的备用转发设备，第二转发设备23为用户终端21对应的主转发设备。并由第二转发设备23与AAA服务器对用户终端21的身份进行验证后，用户终端21的报文在SW/OLT24处通过负载分担的方式向第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23转发。在报文通过SW/OLT24处时，SW/OLT24会进行负载平衡运算，如哈希(hash)运算等。之后，根据负载平衡的运算结果，报文会转发至第一转发设备22和第二转发设备23。
如此，在多条用户侧链路之间实现负载均衡，第一转发设备和第二转发设备接收到经过负载平衡运算后的报文。
S102、第一转发设备将保活请求报文通过隧道转发至第二转发设备。
其中，隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道(label switch path，LSP)、通用路由封装(generic gouting encapsulation，GRE)通道、第6版IP协议段路由(segment routing version，SRv6)通道。比如隧道为直连接口链路通道，则表示在第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间建立直连通道，可以直接进行报文的传输。 又比如，利用上述SRv6等转发技术，在第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间建立绕行隧道，通过中间设备如spine设备的转接进行报文的传输。
示例性的，根据负载平衡的运算结果，报文传输至第一转发设备后，第一转发设备查询用户表项信息，根据用户表项信息确定接收到的报文对应的用户终端的标识。进而根据用户终端的标识确定第一转发设备为该报文对应的用户终端的备用转发设备。如可以在报文中设置标识位，第一转发设备接收到报文后根据标识位的取值确定对应的指示信息，进而确定指示信息指示的该转发设备对于该用户终端的主备状态。如该标识位的取值对应第一指示信息，用于指示第一转发设备为该用户终端的备用转发设备。备用转发设备不用于回复保活请求报文，则第一转发设备会通过与第二转发设备之间的隧道将接收到的保活请求报文转发至第二转发设备，由第二转发设备对该保活请求报文进行处理。
比如，如图2中的(d)所示，第一转发设备22接收到用户终端21的报文在SW/OLT24处通过负载分担的方式传输的报文后，会根据用户表项信息，确定不需要对该报文进行处理，而是将该报文通过隧道28转发至第二转发设备23。
S103、第二转发设备根据保活请求报文更新用户终端的状态。
其中，用户终端的状态例如可以包括是否正常连接，保活定时器数值等。具体的，一般通信双方会建立连接信息表，用于保存对端设备的通信状况，并且会设置保活定时器。在第二转发设备接收到保活请求报文后，确认用户终端在线，会重置保活请求定时器，并更新用户终端的状态重新开始计时。进而防止超过预设时间未接收到用户终端传输的信息，第二转发设备删除连接信息表中用户终端的信息。相应的，用户终端接收到保活请求报文的确认应答报文后，也会更新第二转发设备的状态，保证正常连接。可以理解的是，第二转发设备也可以主动向用户终端发送保活请求报文，用于确认用户终端的状态。
示例性的，第二转发设备接收到第一转发设备通过隧道转发过来的保活请求报文后，会更新用户终端的状态，并且会根据上述用户终端身份验证过程中获得的用户路由，向用户终端发送保活请求报文的确认应答(acknowledge character，ACK)报文。也就是说，即使宽带业务的用户终端对应的路由只能配置于在单台转发设备，在报文通过负载分担的方式传输到备用转发设备后，备用转发设备也可以将该报文通过隧道转发到主转发设备，由主转发设备根据用户路由进行处理，保证用户可以正常接入。
比如，如图2中的(d)所示，第二转发设备23接收到第一转发设备22通过隧道28转发的保活请求报文，会根据保活请求报文更新对应的用户终端21的状态，重启保活计时器，并向用户终端21发送保活请求报文的应答报文，确认双方连接正常。
由此，本申请实施例提供的报文传输方法，通过在第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间建立隧道，能够保证在用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式传输的情况下，用户终端正常接入，能够提高用户侧链路的利用率，降低用户侧链路的负载。
在一些实施例中，若用户终端通过负载分担的方式向第一转发设备和第二转发设备转发的报文中还包括数据报文。并且，第二转发设备(主转发设备)还用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量(quality of service，QoS)处理，则如图7所示，为本申请实施例提供的又一种报文传输方法，该方法可以包括：S201-S204：
S201、第一转发设备接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文，该报文包括第一数据报文。
其中，用户终端的报文还可以包括数据报文，数据报文例如可以包括用户终端上传或下载的流量数据，对该数据报文的流量统计指的是对流量通过情况进行统计，获得实时流量数据。QoS处理是一种能够为部分用户和/或应用提供更好或特殊服务而劣化其他用户或应用的网络流量管理能力。可以利用QoS处理技术将用户流量等级化。进一步的，QoS处理可以针对各种用户终端的不同需求，提供不同的服务质量。例如，提供专用带宽、减少报文丢失率、网络拥塞管理、网络拥塞避免、流量限速等，实现更合理地分配与利用现有带宽。如普通家庭宽带用户终端需要上网速率达到300.0Mbps即可满足用户需求，则可以对该用户终端对应的数据报文进行限速处理，限制其分配的带宽，将更多的带宽分配给时延要求更高的设备。
示例性的，转发设备可以用于对用户终端传输的报文数据进行流量统计和QoS处理，如此，在第一转发设备接收到用户终端在SW/OLT处通过负载平衡运算后传输的报文后，会查询用户表项信息，进而确定转发设备自身对于当前传输报文的用户终端的主备状态，进而确定是否需要转发该报文。
其余内容可以参考步骤S101的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
S202、第一转发设备将第一数据报文通过隧道转发至第二转发设备。
示例性的，第一转发设备确定自身对于当前传输报文的用户终端为备用转发设备后，会将接收到的报文数据通过与第二转发设备之间的直连隧道或绕行隧道转发至第二转发设备，由第二转发设备对其进行处理。
其余内容可以参考步骤S102的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
S203、第二转发设备接收到用户终端的第二数据报文。
示例性的，用户终端通过负载分担的方式向转发设备传输数据报文，第一转发设备和第二转发设备都会接收到其中的部分数据报文，如此防止在单条用户侧链路传输流量数据造成用户侧链路负载不均，如用户侧链路1超载，用户侧链路2负载率不足等。
S204、第二转发设备根据第一数据报文和第二数据报文进行流量统计和QoS处理后向第一数据报文和第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
示例性的，第二转发设备通过上述步骤S202步骤S203获得第一数据报文和第二数据报文后，即得到用户终端传输的完整的数据报文，进而可以对该完整的数据报文进行流量统计和QoS处理。之后，将处理完成后的流量数据向与第一数据报文和第二数据报文对应的目的设备转发。并且，第二转发设备还用于接收目的设备下发的回程数据报文，并根据获得的用户路由将该回程数据报文转发至用户终端。如目的设备可以为互联网(internet)，则第二转发设备对获得的完整的数据报文如流量数据进行限速处理后，转发至互联网。并将回程流量转发至用户终端。如此，用户终端上线，接入网络。
比如，如图2中的(d)所示，第二转发设备23接收到第一转发设备22通过隧道28转发的第一数据报文，以及接收到用户终端21的第二数据报文后，根据第一数据报文和第二数据报文进行流量统计和QoS处理后，将其转发至目的设备25。并且，由 第二转发设备23接收到目的设备25传输的回程数据报文，并由第二转发设备23将该回程数据报文转发至用户终端21。
由此，本申请实施例提供的报文传输方法，通过在第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间建立隧道，能够保证在用户终端通过负载分担的方式传输报文的情况下，用户终端正常接入，能够提高用户侧链路的利用率，降低用户侧链路的负载。
在一些实施例中，若用户终端通过负载分担的方式向第一转发设备和第二转发设备转发的报文中还包括数据报文，并且，第二转发设备(主转发设备)不用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及QoS处理，则如图8所示，为本申请实施例提供的又一种报文传输方法，该方法可以包括：S301-S303：
S301、用户终端通过负载分担的方式向第一转发设备和第二转发设备转发报文，该报文包括数据报文。
示例性的，可以将流量统计以及QoS处理的功能不配置在转发设备处，如配置在SW/OLT处进行流量统计以及QoS处理。则不必在转发设备处再次对用户终端上行的数据报文进行流量统计以及QoS处理。其中，用户终端通过负载分担的方式上行传输数据报文，则第一转发设备会接收到第一数据报文，第二转发设备会接收到第二数据报文。
S302、第一转发设备将第一数据报文直接向第一数据报文的目的设备转发。
S303、第二转发设备将第二数据报文直接向第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
示例性的，在步骤S302和步骤S303中，第一转发设备接收到的第一数据报文和第二转发设备接收到的第二数据报文均为将用户终端上行数据报文流量统计以及QoS处理后以负载分担的方式传输的报文。如此，第一转发设备不必在将接收到的数据报文通过隧道转发给第二转发设备，第二转发设备也不必等到接收到第一转发设备转发的数据报文后再对数据报文进行处理。第一转发设备和第二转发设备可以直接将接收到的数据报文转发至数据报文的目的设备。而目的设备会根据数据报文确定对应的主转发设备，进而利用主转发设备转发回程数据报文。
由此，本申请实施例提供的报文传输方法，通过在第一转发设备和第二转发设备之间建立隧道，能够保证在用户终端通过负载分担的方式传输报文的情况下，用户终端正常接入，能够提高用户侧链路的利用率，降低用户侧链路的负载。
图9示出了上述实施例中所涉及的报文传输装置的一种可能的结构示意图。该报文传输装置900包括：接收单元901以及发送单元902。
其中，接收单元901，用于支持报文传输装置900执行图6中的步骤S101，图7中的步骤S201，图8中的步骤S301，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
发送单元902，用于支持报文传输装置900执行图4中发现阶段协商过程的步骤二，图6中的步骤S102，图7中的步骤S202，图8中的步骤S302，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
报文传输装置900还可以包括处理单元903，用于支持报文传输装置900执行图5中发现阶段协商过程的步骤二，图5中会话阶段协商的步骤七，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能单元 的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
图10示出了上述实施例中所涉及的报文传输装置的一种可能的结构示意图。该报文传输装置1000包括：接收单元1001以及处理单元1002。
其中，接收单元1001，用于支持报文传输装置1000执行图7中的步骤S203，图8中的步骤S301，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
处理单元1002，用于支持报文传输装置1000执行图4中会话阶段协商的步骤六，图5中发现阶段协商过程的步骤二，图5中会话阶段协商的步骤五，图6中的步骤S103，图7中的步骤S204，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
报文传输装置1000还可以包括处发送单元1003，用于支持报文传输装置1000执行图4中发现阶段协商过程的步骤二和步骤五，图5中会话阶段协商的步骤六，图8中的步骤S303，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
其中，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能单元的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
图11所示为本申请实施例提供的报文传输装置的硬件结构示意图。该报文传输装置可以对应于上述图9中的报文传输装置或者可以对应于上述图10中的报文传输装置，包括至少一个处理器1101，通信线路1102，存储器1103以及至少一个通信接口1104。其中，存储器1103还可以包括于处理器1101中。
处理器1101可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路1102可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
通信接口1104，用于与其他设备通信。在本申请实施例中，通信接口可以是模块、电路、总线、接口、收发器或者其它能实现通信功能的装置，用于与其他设备通信。可选的，当通信接口是收发器时，该收发器可以为独立设置的发送器，该发送器可用于向其他设备发送信息，该收发器也可以为独立设置的接收器，用于从其他设备接收信息。该收发器也可以是将发送、接收信息功能集成在一起的部件，本申请实施例对收发器的具体实现不做限制。
存储器1103可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路1102与处理器1101相连接。存储器1103也可以和处理器1101集成在一起。
其中，存储器1103用于存储用于实现本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器1101来控制执行。处理器1101用于执行存储器1103中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请下述实施例提供的报文传输方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码、指令、计算机程序或者其它名称，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1101可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图11中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，该报文传输装置1100可以包括多个处理器，例如图11中的处理器1101和处理器1105。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-core)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-core)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
需要说明的是，上述的报文传输装置可以是一个通用设备或者是一个专用设备，本申请实施例不限定该报文传输装置的类型。本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对该报文传输装置的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，该报文传输装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
本申请实施例提供一种报文传输系统1200，如图12所示，包括用户终端1201、第一转发设备1202和第二转发设备1203，第一转发设备1202和第二转发设备1203之间设置有隧道1204，用户终端1201的报文通过负载分担的方式(如利用LAG技术)转发至第一转发设备1202和第二转发设备1203。
其中，第一转发设备1202用于执行图6中的步骤S101和S102，图7中的步骤S201和S202，图8中的步骤S302，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
第二转发设备1203用于执行图6中的步骤S103，图7中的步骤S203和S204，图8中的步骤S303，和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
可以理解的是，该报文传输系统1200中可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应部件的功能描述，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，如图13所示，该芯片系统包括至少一个处理器1301和至少一个接口电路1302。处理器1301和接口电路1302可通过线路互联。例如，接口电路1302可用于从其它装置接收信号。又例如，接口电路1302可用于向其它装置(例如处理器1301)发送信号。示例性的，接口电路1302可读取存储器中存储的指令，并将该指令发送给处理器1301。当所述指令被处理器1301执行时，可使得报文传输装置执行上述实施例中的报文传输方法中的各个步骤。当然，该芯片系统还可以包含其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当该计算机指令在服务器上运行时，使得服务器执行上述相关方法步骤实现上述实施例中的报文传输方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述相关步骤，以实现上述实施例中的报文传输方法。
另外，本申请的实施例还提供一种装置，该装置具体可以是组件或模块，该装置可包括相连的一个或多个处理器和存储器；其中，存储器用于存储计算机程序，一个 或多个计算机程序包括指令。当该指令被一个或多个处理器执行时，以使装置执行上述各方法实施例中的报文传输方法。
其中，本申请实施例提供的装置、计算机可读存储介质、计算机程序产品或芯片均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，模块或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：快闪存储器、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序指令的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (40)

  1. 一种报文传输方法，其特征在于，应用于包括用户终端、第一转发设备和第二转发设备构成的网络架构中；其中，所述第一转发设备和所述第二转发设备之间设置有隧道；所述用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式转发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备；所述方法包括：
    第一转发设备接收到所述用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文，所述报文包括保活请求报文；所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备；
    所述第一转发设备将所述保活请求报文通过所述隧道转发至所述第二转发设备；所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述报文还包括数据报文，所述方法还包括：
    若所述第二转发设备还用于对所述数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则所述第一转发设备将所述数据报文通过所述隧道转发至所述第二转发设备。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述报文还包括数据报文，所述方法还包括：
    若所述第二转发设备不用于对所述数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则所述第一转发设备将所述数据报文直接向所述数据报文的目的设备转发。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络架构中还包括控制设备，在所述第一转发设备接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一转发设备接收所述用户终端广播的拨号请求；
    所述第一转发设备将所述拨号请求发送至所述控制设备，接收所述控制设备发送的用户表项信息；其中，所述用户表项信息用于表示所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户表项信息为所述控制设备根据所述用户终端的媒体接入控制MAC地址或者所述第一转发设备和所述第二转发设备的会话数量确定。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一转发设备接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一转发设备接收所述用户终端广播的拨号请求；
    所述第一转发设备根据所述拨号请求获得用户表项信息；其中，所述用户表项信息用于表示所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一转发设备根据所述拨号请求获得所述用户表项信息，包括：
    所述第一转发设备根据所述拨号请求对应的用户终端的MAC地址生成所述用户表项信息。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户表项信息包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息、所述用户终端的IP地址和所述用户终端的MAC地址；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发 设备，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备；
    所述用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：所述用户终端对应的路由信息，所述用户终端的QoS信息，所述用户终端对应的访问控制列表ACL信息。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道LSP、通用路由封装GRE通道、段路由SRv6通道。
  10. 一种报文传输方法，其特征在于，应用于包括用户终端、第一转发设备和第二转发设备构成的网络架构中；其中，所述第一转发设备和所述第二转发设备之间设置有隧道；所述用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式转发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备；所述方法包括：
    所述第二转发设备接收到所述第一转发设备通过所述隧道转发的报文，所述通过所述隧道转发的报文包括保活请求报文；所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备；所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备；
    所述第二转发设备根据所述保活请求报文更新所述用户终端的状态。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户终端的报文包括数据报文，所述方法还包括：
    若所述第二转发设备还用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则所述第二转发设备接收到所述第一转发设备通过所述隧道转发的第一数据报文；
    所述第二转发设备接收到所述用户终端的第二数据报文；
    所述第二转发设备根据所述第一数据报文和所述第二数据报文进行流量统计以及QoS处理后向所述第一数据报文和第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户终端的报文包括数据报文，所述方法还包括：
    若所述第二转发设备不用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则所述第二转发设备接收到所述用户终端的第二数据报文；
    所述第二转发设备直接将所述第二数据报文向所述第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
  13. 根据权利要求10-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络架构还包括控制设备，在所述第二转发设备接收到所述第一转发设备通过所述隧道转发的报文之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二转发设备接收所述用户终端广播的拨号请求；
    所述第二转发设备将所述拨号请求发送至所述控制设备，接收所述控制设备发送的用户表项信息；其中，所述用户表项信息用于表示所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户表项信息为所述控制设备根据所述用户终端的媒体接入控制MAC地址或者所述第一转发设备和所述第二转发设备的会话数量确定。
  15. 根据权利要求10-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第二转发设备接收到所述第一转发设备通过所述隧道转发的报文之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二转发设备接收所述用户终端广播的拨号请求；
    所述第二转发设备根据所述拨号请求获得用户表项信息；其中，所述用户表项信息用于表示所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二转发设备根据所述拨号请求获得所述用户表项信息，包括：
    所述第二转发设备根据所述拨号请求对应的用户终端的MAC地址获得所述用户表项信息。
  17. 根据权利要求13-16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述用户表项信息包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息、所述用户终端的IP地址和所述用户终端的MAC地址；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备；
    所述用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：所述用户终端对应的路由信息，所述用户终端的服务质量QoS信息，所述用户终端对应的访问控制列表ACL信息。
  18. 根据权利要求10-17任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道LSP、通用路由封装GRE通道、段路由SRv6通道。
  19. 一种报文传输装置，其特征在于，所述装置应用于第一转发设备，包括：接收单元，发送单元；
    所述接收单元，用于接收用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文，所述报文包括保活请求报文；所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备；
    所述发送单元，用于将所述保活请求报文通过隧道转发至第二转发设备；所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述报文还包括数据报文，若所述第二转发设备还用于对所述数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则所述发送单元还用于将所述数据报文通过所述隧道转发至所述第二转发设备。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述报文还包括数据报文；
    所述发送单元，还用于若所述第二转发设备不用于对所述数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则将所述数据报文直接向所述数据报文的目的设备转发。
  22. 根据权利要求19-21任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述接收单元，还用于在接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文之前，接收所述用户终端广播的拨号请求；
    所述发送单元，还用于将所述拨号请求发送至控制设备；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述控制设备发送的用户表项信息；其中，所述用户表项信息用于表示所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述用户表项信息为所述控制设备根据所述用户终端的媒体接入控制MAC地址或者所述第一转发设备和所述第二转发设备的会话数量确定。
  24. 根据权利要求19-21任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括处理单 元，
    所述接收单元，还用于在接收到用户终端通过负载分担的方式转发的报文之前，接收所述用户终端广播的拨号请求；
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述拨号请求获得用户表项信息；其中，所述用户表项信息用于表示所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述拨号请求对应的用户终端的MAC地址生成所述用户表项信息。
  26. 根据权利要求22-25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述用户表项信息包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息、所述用户终端的IP地址和所述用户终端的MAC地址；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备；
    所述用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：所述用户终端对应的路由信息，所述用户终端的QoS信息，所述用户终端对应的访问控制列表ACL信息。
  27. 根据权利要求19-26任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道LSP、通用路由封装GRE通道、段路由SRv6通道。
  28. 一种报文传输装置，其特征在于，所述装置应用于第二转发设备，包括：接收单元，处理单元；
    所述接收单元，用于接收第一转发设备通过隧道转发的报文，所述报文包括保活请求报文；所述第二转发设备为用户终端对应的主转发设备；所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备；
    所述处理单元，用于根据所述保活请求报文更新所述用户终端的状态。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述用户终端的报文包括数据报文；所述装置还包括：发送单元；
    若所述处理单元还用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理；则所述接收单元，还用于接收所述第一转发设备通过所述隧道转发的第一数据报文；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述用户终端的第二数据报文；
    所述发送单元，用于在所述处理单元根据所述第一数据报文和所述第二数据报文进行流量统计以及QoS处理后向所述第一数据报文和第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述用户终端的报文包括数据报文；所述装置还包括：发送单元；
    若所述处理单元不用于对数据报文进行流量统计以及服务质量QoS处理，则所述接收单元，还用于接收所述用户终端的第二数据报文；
    所述发送单元，用于直接将所述第二数据报文向所述第二数据报文的目的设备转发。
  31. 根据权利要求28-30任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：发送单元；
    所述接收单元，还用于在接收到所述第一转发设备通过所述隧道转发的报文之前，接收到所述用户终端广播的拨号请求；
    所述发送单元，用于将所述拨号请求发送至控制设备；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述控制设备发送的用户表项信息；其中，所述用户表项信息用于表示所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述用户表项信息为所述控制设备根据所述用户终端的媒体接入控制MAC地址或者所述第一转发设备和第二转发设备的会话数量确定。
  33. 根据权利要求28-30任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述接收单元，用于在接收到所述第一转发设备通过所述隧道转发的报文之前，接收所述用户终端广播的拨号请求；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据所述拨号请求获得用户表项信息；其中，所述用户表项信息用于表示所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述拨号请求对应的用户终端的MAC地址获得所述用户表项信息。
  35. 根据权利要求31-34任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述用户表项信息包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息、所述用户终端的IP地址和所述用户终端的MAC地址；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一转发设备为所述用户终端对应的备用转发设备，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第二转发设备为所述用户终端对应的主转发设备；
    所述用户表项信息还包括如下任一项或几项：所述用户终端对应的路由信息，所述用户终端的服务质量QoS信息，所述用户终端对应的访问控制列表ACL信息。
  36. 根据权利要求31-35任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述隧道包括如下任一项或几项：直连接口链路通道、标签交换通道LSP、通用路由封装GRE通道、段路由SRv6通道。
  37. 一种报文传输装置，其特征在于，所述报文传输装置包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    存储器，用于存储一个或多个计算机程序，所述一个或多个计算机程序包括指令；当所述指令被所述一个或多个处理器执行时，使得所述报文传输装置执行如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的报文传输方法；或者，使得所述报文传输装置执行如权利要求10-18中任一项所述的报文传输方法。
  38. 一种报文传输系统，其特征在于，包括用户终端，第一转发设备和第二转发设备；其中，所述第一转发设备和所述第二转发设备之间设置有隧道；所述用户终端的报文通过负载分担的方式转发至第一转发设备和第二转发设备；所述第一转发设备执行如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的报文传输方法；所述第二转发设备执行如权利要求10-18中任一项所述的报文传输方法。
  39. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括计算机指令，当所述计算机指令在装置上运行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的报文传输方法； 或者，使得所述装置执行如权利要求10-18中任一项所述的报文传输方法。
  40. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的报文传输方法；或者，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求10-18中任一项所述的报文传输方法。
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