WO2021160181A1 - 一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构 - Google Patents

一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021160181A1
WO2021160181A1 PCT/CN2021/076639 CN2021076639W WO2021160181A1 WO 2021160181 A1 WO2021160181 A1 WO 2021160181A1 CN 2021076639 W CN2021076639 W CN 2021076639W WO 2021160181 A1 WO2021160181 A1 WO 2021160181A1
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Prior art keywords
window
flow distribution
oil inlet
oil
cylinder
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PCT/CN2021/076639
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨健
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杨健
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Priority claimed from CN202020172119.8U external-priority patent/CN211623627U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202020172126.8U external-priority patent/CN211598918U/zh
Application filed by 杨健 filed Critical 杨健
Publication of WO2021160181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021160181A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03CPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/04Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F03C1/0403Details, component parts specially adapted of such engines
    • F03C1/0415Cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03CPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C1/00Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
    • F03C1/02Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F03C1/04Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F03C1/047Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the pistons co-operating with an actuated element at the outer ends of the cylinders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic pump, in particular to a flow distribution structure of a cylinder fixed hydraulic motor and a pump.
  • Cylinder body The surface of the cylinder body that is in contact with the distributor is called the static distribution surface, and the window on the static distribution surface that communicates with the plunger cylinder bore is called the cylinder bore window.
  • the number of cylinder bore windows is z, and the cylinder bore window The argument is ⁇ z , and the central argument of two adjacent cylinder hole windows is ⁇ z .
  • the channel through which the liquid enters the stationary distribution surface from the cylinder is called the oil inlet channel, and the window formed by the oil inlet channel on the stationary distribution surface is called the oil inlet window;
  • the oil window enters the cylinder bore window through the flow distribution window, and the angle of the oil inlet window is ⁇ a .
  • the channel through which the liquid enters the cylinder from the static distribution surface is called the oil outlet channel, and the window formed by the oil outlet channel on the stationary distribution surface is called the oil outlet window;
  • the hole window enters the oil outlet window through the flow distribution window, and the argument of the oil outlet window is ⁇ b .
  • the argument between the oil inlet window and the cylinder bore window is ⁇ az
  • the argument between the oil outlet window and the cylinder bore window is ⁇ bz
  • the centre of the two adjacent oil outlet windows and the centre of the oil inlet window are ⁇ ab
  • the edge angle of the two adjacent oil outlet windows and oil inlet windows is ⁇ ab .
  • the upward plunger is numbered 1, and the plunger in the clockwise direction is sequentially numbered 1, 2, 3..., among which the nth plunger is called Qn; the upward cylinder bore window is numbered 1.
  • the cylinder hole window is numbered according to 1, 2, 3...Z in turn, and the nth plunger is called Zn.
  • the number of action of the guide rail is x, the near dead center point D and F are the center points of the near dead zone of the guide rail, and the far dead center points C, E and G are the center points of the far dead zone of the guide rail;
  • the angle of the zero speed zone at point C is ⁇ c
  • the argument of zero speed zone at point D is ⁇ d
  • the argument of zero speed zone at point E is ⁇ e
  • the argument of zero speed zone at point F is ⁇ f
  • the argument of zero speed zone at point G is ⁇ g.
  • the number of distribution windows is r
  • the central argument of two adjacent distribution windows is ⁇ r
  • the argument of the distribution windows is ⁇ r
  • the argument between the centerline of the outer dead center of the guide rail and the center line of the distribution window is called the guide rail phase displacement argument ⁇ x .
  • Distribution belt all windows and channels on the distribution surface rotate along the central axis of the hydraulic motor or hydraulic pump to form an end-to-end curved belt called the distribution belt; the curved belt formed by the cylinder hole window rotating one round along the center of rotation It is called the cylinder hole window belt.
  • the curved belt formed by one revolution of the oil inlet window along the center of rotation is called the oil inlet window belt, and the curved belt formed by the oil outlet window rotating one round along the center of rotation is called the oil outlet window belt, and the flow distribution window is along the center of rotation.
  • the curved belt formed by one revolution is called the flow distribution window belt.
  • the width of the distribution belt is called the distribution belt width. The smaller the distribution belt width, the smaller and more compact the distributor can be.
  • the Swedish Hegelon Viking Motor is a radial-shaft distribution plunger motor with a double-displacement cylinder block and a fixed housing rotating.
  • the distribution belt of Viking Motor includes oil inlet window B belt, oil inlet window A belt, oil outlet window C belt and three sealing belts. This kind of hydraulic motor has the problem of complicated structure of the distribution belt and large width of the distribution belt.
  • Patent Document 1 Application No.: 201621055806.1 (Publication No.: CN 206092285 U)
  • Chinese utility model patent "A Shell Rotary Hydraulic Motor” discloses a fixed-cylinder hydraulic motor, the flow distribution structure of which is two inside and outside the cylinder hole window There is an annular window on each side. The cylinder bore window is connected to the annular oil inlet window or the oil outlet window through the flow distribution window to complete the flow distribution.
  • the flow distribution structure also has a large distribution band width, which requires a large radial size of the distribution pair and a complex structure. problem.
  • Patent Document 2 Application No.: 201621249879.4 (Publication No.: CN 206221143 U) Chinese utility model patent "A low-speed high-torque hydraulic motor with internal curve of shell rotation output torque" published a fixed-cylinder hydraulic motor, which The flow distribution structure is that there are two annular windows on both sides of the cylinder hole window.
  • the cylinder hole window is connected to the annular oil inlet window or the oil outlet window through the bridge type flow distribution window to complete the flow distribution.
  • the flow distribution belt includes the cylinder hole window belt and the oil outlet.
  • the window belt, the oil inlet window belt and the two sealing widths also have the problems of large distribution belt width and excessively large structure size in the distribution structure.
  • the present invention provides a distribution structure with a cylinder fixed hydraulic motor and pump.
  • the distribution structure can effectively reduce the width of the distribution band and make the distributor The structure is more compact.
  • a flow distribution structure for a cylinder fixed hydraulic motor and a pump including: a guide rail, a flow distributor, a plunger and a cylinder block, the cylinder block is fixed, the flow distributor and the guide rail rotate synchronously around the cylinder block, and the cylinder block has a static flow distribution surface for static flow distribution
  • the distribution window is a groove recessed inward along the rotating distribution surface.
  • the number of flow distribution windows is equal to the number of actions of the guide rail.
  • the cylinder hole window communicates with the oil outlet window through the flow distribution window.
  • the cylinder The hole window communicates with the oil inlet window through the flow distribution window.
  • any one of the cylinder bore windows has at least one oil inlet window in a counterclockwise direction, and at least one oil outlet window in a clockwise direction.
  • the number of cylinder hole windows on the stationary distribution surface is an even number
  • any cylinder hole window with an odd number has at least one oil inlet window in the counterclockwise direction, and at least one oil outlet window in the clockwise direction, and any number is an even number
  • the cylinder bore window has at least one oil outlet window in the counterclockwise direction, and at least one oil inlet window in the clockwise direction.
  • At least one of the oil inlet windows is divided into two independent oil inlet windows.
  • At least one independent oil inlet window can be disconnected from the oil inlet channel.
  • the on-off of at least one oil inlet window and the oil inlet channel can be controlled.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: since the four of the oil inlet window belt, the oil outlet window belt, the flow distribution window belt and the cylinder bore window belt of the present invention overlap, the width of the flow distribution belt can be effectively reduced, The structure of the distributor is more compact. At the same time, because there is no other distribution belt outside the cylinder hole window belt, the leakage in the width direction of the distribution belt is reduced. Further, the hydraulic motor and pump can be changed without increasing the width of the distribution belt. Displacement.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the flow distribution structure of the hydraulic motor of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the shaft distribution structure of the hydraulic motor of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the phase displacement of the distribution window and the guide rail in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the phase displacement of the cylinder bore window and the cylinder bore in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ten-acting three-plunger hydraulic motor in the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of the parts of the ten-acting three-plunger hydraulic motor in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ten-acting six-piston hydraulic motor in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the ten-acting six-plunger hydraulic motor parts in the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ten-acting nine-plunger hydraulic motor in the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is an exploded schematic diagram of the parts of the ten-acting nine-plunger hydraulic motor in the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydraulic motor with ten-acting nine-plunger end face distribution in the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded schematic view of the parts of the ten-acting nine-plunger end-distribution hydraulic motor in the present invention.
  • the piston pump can be used as a hydraulic motor by changing the structure of the flow-distributor with a valve plate or a shaft-type plunger pump. The two are reversible.
  • the flow distribution structure shown in Figure 1 when used as a pump, the guide rail 200 drives the plunger 105 to translate, the oil inlet window 102 is actually the oil suction port of the pump, and the oil outlet window 103 is actually the oil pressure port of the pump.
  • the section 202 sucks in oil, and then discharges the high-pressure oil in the oil outlet section 201.
  • the oil inlet window 102 is actually a pressure oil window
  • the oil outlet window 103 is actually an oil return window.
  • the pressure oil pushes the plunger 105 outside the oil inlet section 202 to drive the guide rail 200 to rotate and output power.
  • the section 201 plunger 105 retracts through the oil outlet window 103 to discharge the oil.
  • a flow distribution structure for a cylinder fixed hydraulic motor and pump includes a static flow distribution surface and a rotating flow distribution surface.
  • the static distribution surface has a cylinder hole window 101, an oil inlet window 102 and an oil outlet window 103
  • the distribution window 301 is a recessed groove along the rotating distribution surface.
  • the cylinder bore window 101 and the oil inlet window 102 or the oil outlet window 103 are concave through the distribution window 301 The space left by the groove is connected.
  • the cylinder hole window 101 has an oil inlet window 102 and an oil outlet window 103 outside.
  • the outer oil inlet window 102 sends the oil into the cylinder hole window 101 through the distribution window 301, and the oil in the cylinder hole window 101 The oil is drained into the oil outlet window 103 outside the cylinder bore window 101 through the flow distribution window 301.
  • This kind of distribution belt is 400 wide and occupies a lot of space.
  • the invention makes the four of the oil inlet window belt, the oil outlet window belt, the flow distribution window belt and the cylinder hole window belt overlap, and the flow distribution belt 400 has the smallest width.
  • the guide rail 200 and the distributor 300 of the present invention rotate synchronously, and the number of distributor windows 301 on the distributor 300 is equal to the number of guide rails.
  • the cylinder bore window 101 communicates with the oil outlet window 103 through the flow distribution window 301, and when the plunger 105 is in the oil inlet section 202, the cylinder bore window 101 passes through The flow distribution window 301 communicates with the oil inlet window 102.
  • the points C, D, E, F, and G on the guide rail 200 are the intersection of the oil inlet and the oil outlet.
  • the E point is the end point of the oil inlet and the oil outlet.
  • the starting point of the oil will cause the oil in and out of the oil cavity to communicate and leak, so there should be a closed dead zone near these points, but the existence of the closed dead zone will reduce the effective working angle of the curve.
  • a cylinder hole window 101 and the oil inlet window 102 and the oil outlet window 103 connected with it are defined as a structural unit.
  • the plunger 105 on the structural unit as shown in Figure 1 acts on the dead zone E point outside the band. At this time, the continuous transition of the inlet and outlet ports should meet:
  • the plunger 105 on the structural unit acts on the inner dead center point F of the guide rail 200 and continues to rotate clockwise.
  • the point of action of the plunger 105 moves from point F to point G.
  • the flow distribution window 301 With the synchronous rotation of the guide rail 200, the cylinder hole window 101 and the oil inlet window 102 are connected, and the oil enters the cylinder hole 104.
  • Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 it is the first embodiment of the present invention: the application of a flow distribution structure of a cylinder fixed hydraulic motor and a pump on a ten-acting three-piston hydraulic motor.
  • a structural unit can independently fulfill the requirements of the pump, but when used as a hydraulic motor, it cannot actively rotate in the dead zone position, and the utilization rate of the cylinder 100 is too low. Therefore, multiple structural units can be arranged on the cylinder block 100 to improve the utilization rate of the cylinder block 100.
  • the structural units can be arbitrarily arranged on the cylinder 100, but there can be no oil connection between two adjacent structural units. At this time, it should satisfy: ⁇ ab ⁇ ⁇ r .
  • structural units are generally evenly distributed on the circumference.
  • the structural parameters can be selected as:
  • the oil inlet window 102, the oil outlet window 103 and the cylinder bore window 101 on the static valve surface are clockwise in accordance with the oil inlet window 102-cylinder bore window 101-oil outlet window 103-oil inlet window 102-cylinder bore window 101 -Oil outlet window 103-Oil inlet window 102-Cylinder hole window 101-Oil outlet window 103 are arranged cyclically in order.
  • the plunger 105Q1 is located at the outer dead center, and the cylinder bore window 101Z1 is not connected to the oil inlet window 102 and the oil outlet window 103;
  • Q2 is located in the oil inlet section 202, and Z2 is connected to the oil inlet window 102 through the flow distribution window 301 , Generating a force to make the guide rail 200 rotate in a clockwise direction;
  • Q3 is located in the oil outlet section 201, and Z3 is connected to the oil outlet window 103 through the distribution window 301 to discharge oil.
  • Embodiment 1 when the number z of cylinder bore windows 101 increases, ⁇ a and ⁇ b will become smaller and smaller, which limits the increase in the number of cylinder bore windows 101.
  • a cylinder bore window 101 can be added between two adjacent structural units.
  • This cylinder bore window 101 respectively borrows the oil outlet window 103 and the oil inlet window 102 on the adjacent structural unit to form A reverse structural unit, that is, in the direction of rotation, the positions of the oil inlet window 102 and the oil outlet window 103 are reversed compared to the structural unit.
  • the reverse structure unit makes the plunger 105 on the newly added cylinder hole window 101 work out of adjustment, generates a force that prevents the motor from rotating, and affects the normal operation of the motor.
  • FIG. 7 and Fig. 8 it is the second embodiment of the present invention: an application of a flow distribution structure of a cylinder-fixed hydraulic motor and a pump on a ten-acting six-piston hydraulic motor.
  • this embodiment 2 is realized by changing the phase displacement angle ⁇ x of the guide rail.
  • the structure parameters are:
  • the rail phase displacement angle ⁇ x 0 of the rail A 200a.
  • the cylinder hole 104 communicates with the odd-numbered cylinder hole window 101 (Z1, Z3, Z5), and the plunger 105 (Q1, Q3, Q5) inside acts on the guide rail A 200a; and the even-numbered cylinder hole window 101 (Z2, Z4, Z6) the communicating cylinder hole 104, the plunger 105 (Q2, Q4, Q6) inside acts on the guide rail B 200b.
  • the oil inlet window 102, the oil outlet window 103 and the cylinder bore window 101 on the static valve surface are clockwise in accordance with the oil inlet window 102-cylinder bore window 101-oil outlet window 103-cylinder bore window 101-oil inlet window 102 -Cylinder hole window 101-Oil outlet window 103-Cylinder hole window 101-Oil inlet window 102-Cylinder hole window 101-Oil outlet window 103-Cylinder hole window 101 are arranged cyclically.
  • the odd-numbered cylinder bore window 101 is a structural unit that meets the working requirements, and the even-numbered cylinder bore window 101 is a reverse structural unit.
  • the cylinder bore window 101 window 103 in the counterclockwise direction is oil
  • the oil inlet is clockwise window 102
  • the phase of the plunger 105 on the reverse structure unit is corrected after it acts on the guide rail B 200b, making it communicate with the reverse structure unit.
  • the plunger 105 acts on the correct rail section to make the motor work normally.
  • the plunger 105Q1 is located at the outer dead point of the guide rail A 200a, and the cylinder bore window 101Z1 is not connected with the oil inlet window 102 and the oil outlet window 103;
  • Q2 is located at the oil inlet section 202, Z2 of the guide rail B 200b
  • the flow distribution window 301 is connected to the oil inlet window 102 to generate a force that causes the guide rail to rotate clockwise;
  • Q3 is located in the oil inlet section 202 of the guide rail A 200a, and Z3 is connected to the oil inlet window 102 through the flow distribution window 301 to generate a clockwise rotation of the guide rail.
  • Q4 is located at the inner dead center of guide rail B 200b, cylinder hole window 101Z4 is not connected to the oil inlet window 102 and oil outlet window 103;
  • Q5 is located in the oil outlet section 201 of guide rail A 200a, Z5 passes through the distribution window 301 is connected to the oil outlet window 103 to discharge the oil;
  • Q6 is located in the oil outlet section 201 of the guide rail B 200b, and Z6 is connected to the oil outlet window 103 through the distribution window 301 to discharge the oil.
  • Embodiment 2 can increase the utilization rate of the cylinder 100, but because the plunger 105 is divided into at least two working rows, the thickness of the hydraulic motor is increased.
  • the angle between the outer dead point and the inner dead point is n ⁇ /x (n is an odd number), and the guide rail 200 has a period of 2 ⁇ /x, so there is only one angle ⁇ /x, if the reverse structure If the unit's active guide rail remains unchanged, the phase displacement angle of the cylinder bore can be changed
  • ⁇ z n ⁇ /x (n is an odd number) to make the plunger 105 in the cylinder bore 104 of the inverted structural unit act on the correct rail section.
  • the structure parameters are:
  • the oil inlet window 102 is divided into two independent oil inlet windows C 102c and oil inlet windows D 102d in a clockwise direction.
  • the oil inlet window C 102c is connected to the oil inlet channel C 106c, and the oil inlet window D 102d and the oil inlet channel D 106d is connected.
  • the oil inlet window 102, the oil outlet window 103 and the cylinder bore window 101 on the static valve surface are clockwise according to the oil inlet window C 102c-oil inlet window D 102d—cylinder bore window 101—oil outlet window 103—cylinder bore Window 101-Oil Inlet Window C 102c-Oil Inlet Window D 102d-Cylinder Hole Window 101-Oil Out Window 103-Cylinder Hole Window 101-Oil Inlet Window C 102c-Oil Inlet Window D 102d-Cylinder Hole Window 101-Oil Out Window 103-The order of the cylinder hole window 101 is arranged in a circular manner.
  • the odd-numbered cylinder bore windows 101 (Z1, Z3, Z5) are each connected to a plunger 105; the even-numbered cylinder bore windows 101 (Z2, Z4, Z6) are each connected to two plungers 105, this
  • each oil inlet window 102 can supply liquid to two adjacent cylinder bore windows 101 in a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction.
  • the oil inlet window C 102c supplies liquid to the even-numbered cylinder bore window 101
  • the oil inlet window D 102d supplies liquid to the odd-numbered cylinder bore window 101.
  • the plunger 105Q1 is located at the outer dead point of the guide rail 200, and the cylinder bore window 101Z1 is not connected to the oil inlet window 102 and the oil outlet window 103; Q2 and Q3 are located in the oil inlet section 202, Z2 of the guide rail 200
  • the flow distribution window 301 is connected to the oil inlet window C 102c, generating a force that causes the guide rail 200 to rotate in a clockwise direction;
  • Q4 is located in the oil inlet section 202 of the guide rail 200, and Z3 is connected to the oil inlet window D 102d through the flow distribution window 301, generating a guide rail 200 clockwise rotation force;
  • Q5, Q6 are located at the inner dead point of the guide rail 200, the cylinder hole window 101Z4 is not connected with the oil inlet window 102 and the oil outlet window 103;
  • Q7 is located in the oil outlet section 201, Z5 of the guide rail 200
  • the oil discharge window 103 is connected through the distribution window 301 to discharge the oil
  • the displacement of the motor is 6V (Q2, Q3, Q5, Q6, Q8, Q9).
  • Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 it is the fourth embodiment of the present invention: the application of a flow distribution structure of a cylinder-fixed hydraulic motor and a pump in a ten-acting nine-piston end-face flow distribution hydraulic motor.
  • Embodiment 3 can realize the displacement change when the motor rotates in the clockwise direction.
  • the original oil inlet window 102 becomes the oil outlet window 103
  • the original oil outlet window 103 becomes the oil inlet window 102, as can be seen from Figure 9 .
  • the oil inlet window 102 becomes three, so although the displacement can be changed, the displacement cannot be changed like the forward rotation.
  • both the oil inlet window 102 and the oil outlet window 103 are designed as two independent windows.
  • the structure parameters are:
  • the oil inlet window 102 is divided into two independent oil inlet windows C 102c and oil inlet windows D 102d in a clockwise direction.
  • the oil inlet window C 102c is connected to the oil inlet channel C 106c, and the oil inlet window D 102d and the oil inlet channel D 106d is connected.
  • the oil outlet window 103 is divided into two independent oil outlet windows C 103c and oil outlet D 103d in a clockwise direction.
  • the oil outlet window C 103c is connected to the oil outlet channel C 107c, and the oil outlet window D 103d and the oil outlet channel D are connected. 107d is connected.
  • the oil inlet window 102, the oil outlet window 103 and the cylinder bore window 101 on the static valve surface are clockwise in accordance with the oil inlet window C 102c-oil inlet window D 102d-cylinder bore window 101-oil outlet window C 103c-out Oil Window D 103d-Cylinder Hole Window 101-Oil Inlet Window C 102c-Oil Inlet Window D 102d-Cylinder Hole Window 101-Oil Outlet Window C 103c-Oil Outlet Window D 103d-Cylinder Hole Window 101-Oil Inlet Window C 102c- Oil inlet window D 102d-cylinder bore window 101-oil outlet window C 103c-oil outlet window D 103d-cylinder bore window 101 are arranged in a circular sequence.
  • Embodiment 4 The structure of Embodiment 4 is similar to that of Embodiment 3, and the curved section that acts during the reverse rotation and the forward rotation has also changed due to the change of the oil inlet and outlet window 103.
  • any hydraulic motor shown in Figure 5 to Figure 12 when any one of the oil inlet window 102 and the oil inlet channel 106 is disconnected, the cylinder bore window 101 acting on it will not flow in, which will reduce the displacement of the motor. As shown in Fig. 5, when the oil inlet window 102 in the counterclockwise direction of Z1 is disconnected from the oil inlet channel 106, Z1 no longer participates in the work, and the motor displacement is reduced.

Abstract

一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,包括静止配流面和旋转配流面,静止配流面上有缸孔窗口(101)、进油窗口(102)和出油窗口(103),旋转配流面上有配流窗口(301),配流窗口(301)是沿旋转配流面向内凹陷的凹槽;柱塞(105)在出油区段时,柱塞(105)连通的缸孔窗口(101)通过配流窗口(301)与出油窗口(103)连通,油液从缸孔中排出;柱塞(105)在进油区段时,柱塞(105)连通的缸孔窗口(101)通过配流窗口(301)与进油窗口(102)连通,油液进入缸孔;配流面上的配流窗口(301)、进油窗口(102)和出油窗口(103)都在缸孔窗口(101)带上,这样可以有效的减小配流带幅宽,使配流器结构更紧凑,在不增加配流带幅宽的情况下,通过断开一部分进油窗口(102)的进油通道,还可以实现液压马达的变排量。

Description

一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构 技术领域
本发明涉及一种液压马达和液压泵技术领域,尤其涉及一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构。
背景技术
目前国内壳转式液压马达多为缸体固定,带导轨的旋转壳体输出动力。众所周知,配流盘式马达和泵两者是可逆的,即液压马达也可以做液压泵,根据现有技术,为方便理解,现针对这类液压马达或液压泵中的结构名称及相关参数集中定义和说明如下。
(1)缸体:缸体上与配流器相接触的面称作静止配流面,静止配流面上与柱塞缸孔相通的窗口称为缸孔窗口,缸孔窗口数量为z,缸孔窗口幅角为α z,两相邻缸孔窗口中心幅角为φ z
液体从缸体内进入静止配流面的通道称为进油通道,进油通道在静止配流面上形成的窗口称为进油窗口;柱塞在轨道的进油区段位置时,油液从进油窗口通过配流窗口进入缸孔窗口,进油窗口幅角为α a
液体从静止配流面进入缸体内的通道称为出油通道,出油通道在静止配流面上形成的窗口称为出油窗口;柱塞在轨道的出油区段位置时,油液从缸孔窗口通过配流窗口进入出油窗口,出油窗口幅角为α b
进油窗口和缸孔窗口间的幅角为α az,出油窗口和缸孔窗口间的幅角为α bz,相邻的两个出油窗口中心和进油窗口中心幅角为φ ab,相邻的两个出油窗口和进油窗口边缘幅角为α ab
缸孔中心和与之相通的缸孔窗口中心的幅角称为缸孔相位位移幅角β z
为方便区别,将方向向上的柱塞编号为1,沿顺时针方向柱塞依次按照1,2,3…编号,其中第n个柱塞称为Qn;将方向向上的缸孔窗口编号为1,沿顺时针方向缸孔窗口依次按照1,2,3…Z编号,其中第n个柱塞称为Zn。
(2)导轨:缸体固定,导轨相对于缸体旋转。现规定导轨沿顺时针方向旋转时为正转,沿逆时针方向旋转时为反转,未明确旋转方向的,一律按照导轨是沿顺时针方向旋转的。
导轨作用数为x,近止点D点和F点为导轨的近死区中心点,远止点C点、E点和G点为导轨远死区中心点;C点零速区幅角为Δc,D点零速区幅角为Δd,E点零速区幅角为Δe,F点零速区幅角为Δf,G点零速区幅角为Δg,一般理论计算是取Δc=Δd=Δe=Δf=Δg=0来计算各配流参数。
DF对应的作用幅角为φ x,导轨相位位移幅角β x=0,顺时针旋转时,FE段为出油区段,ED段为进油区段;即外死点旋转方向上为进油区段,旋转方向反向为出油区段。
(3)配流器:配流器与导轨相对于缸体同步旋转,因此配流窗口对数等于导轨作用数,因本发明配流窗口既可以连通进油窗口又可以连通出油窗口,所以本发明的配流窗口数目等于导轨作用数。
配流窗口数目为r,两相邻配流窗口中心幅角为φ r,配流窗口幅角为α r,两相邻配流窗口间幅角为α r0。则φ r=2π/r,α r0=2π/r–α r
导轨外止点中心线与配流窗口中心线的幅角称为导轨相位位移幅角β x
(4)配流带:配流面上的所有窗口及通道沿液压马达或液压泵旋转中心轴旋转一周形成的首尾相连的曲面带称为配流带;其中缸孔窗口沿旋转中心旋转一周形成的曲面带称为缸孔窗口带,进油窗口沿旋转中心旋转一周形成的曲面带称为进油窗口带,出油窗口沿旋转中心旋转一周形成的曲面带称为出油窗口带,配流窗口沿旋转中心旋转一周形成的曲面带称为配流窗口带。配流带的宽度称为配流带幅宽,配流带幅宽越小,配流器就可以做的越小越紧凑。
瑞典赫格隆维京马达是双排量缸体固定壳体旋转的径向轴配流柱塞马达。维京马达的配流带包括进油窗口B带、进油窗口A带、出油窗口C带和三个密封带。这种液压马达存在配流带结构复杂,配流带幅宽大的问题。
专利文献1:申请号:201621055806.1(公布号:CN 206092285 U)的中国实用新型专利《一种壳转式液压马达》公布了一种缸体固定式液压马达,其配流结构为缸孔窗口内外两侧各有一个环形窗口,缸孔窗口通过配流窗口与环形进油窗口或是出油窗口相连通完成配流,其配流结构也存在配流带幅宽大,需要配流副的径向尺寸大,结构复杂的问题。
专利文献2:申请号:201621249879.4(公布号:CN 206221143 U)的中国实用新型专利《一种壳体旋转输出扭矩的内曲线低速大扭矩液压马达》公布了一种缸体固定式液压马达,其配流结构为缸孔窗口外两侧有两个环形窗口,缸孔窗口通过过桥式配流窗口与环形进油窗口或是出油窗口相连通完成配流,其配流带包括缸孔窗口带、出油窗口带、进油窗口带和两个密封宽度,其配流结构也存在配流带幅宽大,结构尺寸过大的问题。
发明内容
本发明针对以上现有技术存在的配流带幅宽大,结构尺寸大的问题,提供一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,所述配流结构能有效减小配流带幅宽,使配流器结构更紧凑。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案为:
一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,包括:导轨、配流器、柱塞和缸体,缸体固定,配流器和导轨绕缸体同步旋转,缸体上有静止配流面,静止配流面上有缸孔窗口、进油窗口和出油窗口,配流器上有旋转配流面,旋转配流面上有配流窗口,配流窗口是沿旋转配流面向内凹陷的凹槽,其中,进油窗口带、出油窗口带、配流窗口带和缸孔窗口带重合。
进一步的,其中配流窗口数等于导轨作用数,在导轨任一位置上,柱塞在出油区段时,缸孔窗口通过配流窗口与出油窗口连通,柱塞在进油区段时,缸孔窗口通过配流窗口与进油窗口连通。
进一步的,其中任一缸孔窗口逆时针方向至少有一个进油窗口,顺时针方向至少有一个出油窗口。
进一步的,其中静止配流面上的缸孔窗口数为偶数,任一编号为奇数的缸孔窗口逆时针方向至少有一个进油窗口,顺时针方向至少有一个出油窗口,任一编号为偶数的缸孔窗口逆时针方向至少有一个出油窗口,顺时针方向至少有一个进油窗口。
进一步的,其中任何相邻的缸孔窗口中心幅角φ z=2π/z,任何相邻的进油窗口中心和出油窗口中心幅角φ ab=2π/z。
进一步的,其中至少有一组导轨的导轨相位位移幅角β x=0,至少有一组导轨的导轨相位位移幅角β x=π/x。
进一步的,其中与编号为奇数的缸孔窗口相连的缸孔,其缸孔相位位移幅角β z=0,与编号为偶数的缸孔窗口相连的缸孔,其缸孔相位位移幅角β z=n·π/x,n为奇数。
进一步的,其中至少一个进油窗口分割为两个独立的进油窗口。
进一步的,其中能使至少一个独立的进油窗口与进油通道断开。
进一步的,其中可以控制至少一个进油窗口与进油通道的通断。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下有益效果:由于本发明的进油窗口带、出油窗口带、配流窗口带和缸孔窗口带四者重合,可以有效的减小配流带幅宽,使配流器结构更紧凑,同时由于缸孔窗口带外侧没有其他配流带,所以配流带宽度方向的泄露减少,进一步的在不增加配流带幅宽的情况下,还可以实现液压马达和泵的变排量。
附图说明
图1为本发明的液压马达配流结构示意图。
图2为本发明的液压马达轴配流结构示意图。
图3为本发明中配流窗口与导轨相位位移示意图。
图4为本发明中缸孔窗口与缸孔相位位移示意图。
图5为本发明中十作用三柱塞液压马达截面示意图。
图6为本发明中十作用三柱塞液压马达零件展开示意图。
图7为本发明中十作用六柱塞液压马达截面示意图。
图8为本发明中十作用六柱塞液压马达零件展开示意图。
图9为本发明中十作用九柱塞液压马达截面示意图。
图10为本发明中十作用九柱塞液压马达零件展开示意图。
图11为本发明中十作用九柱塞端面配流液压马达截面示意图。
图12为本发明中十作用九柱塞端面配流液压马达零件展开示意图。
图中所示:100、缸体,101、缸孔窗口,102、进油窗口,102c、进油窗口C,102d、进油窗口D,103、出油窗口,103c、出油窗口C,103d、出油窗口D,104、缸孔,105、柱塞,106、进油通道,106c、进油通道C,106d、进油通道D,107、出油通道,107c、出油通道C,107d、出油通道D,200、导轨,200a、导轨A,200b、导轨B,201、出油区段,202、进油区段,300、配流器,301、配流窗口,400、配流带。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图为本发明的实施方式和实施例做进一步说明:
众所周知,柱塞泵除阀式配流型不能做马达外,配流盘或配流轴式柱塞泵将配流器结构改变一下,即可做液压马达用,二者是可逆的。
如图1所示的配流结构,当作为泵使用时,导轨200驱动带动柱塞105平移,进油窗口102实际是泵的吸油口,出油窗口103实际是泵的压油口,在进油区段202吸入油液,然后在出油区段201排出高压油液。
当作为马达使用时,进油窗口102实际是压力油窗口,出油窗口103实际是回油窗口,压力油在进油区段202推动柱塞105外移带动导轨200旋转输出动力,在出油区段201柱塞105收回通过出油窗口103把油液排出。
如图1、图2所示,一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,包括静止配流面和旋转配流面,静止配流面上有缸孔窗口101、进油窗口102和出油窗口103,旋转配流面上有配流窗口301,配流窗口301是沿旋转配流面向内凹陷的凹槽,在配流面上,缸孔窗口101和进油窗口102或出油窗口103就是通过配流窗口301上凹槽留下的空间连通。
现有技术中,缸孔窗口101带外面有进油窗口102和出油窗口103,外面的进油窗口102通过配流窗口301把油液送入缸孔窗口101,缸孔窗口101内的油液通过配流窗口301把油液排入到缸孔窗口101带外面的出油窗口103。
这种配流带400幅宽大,占用空间大。
本发明使进油窗口带、出油窗口带、配流窗口带和缸孔窗口带四者重合,配流带400幅宽最小。其中,本发明导轨200和配流器300同步旋转,配流器300上的配流窗口301数量等于导轨作用数。
在导轨200的任意位置上,柱塞105在出油区段201时,缸孔窗口101通过配流窗口301与出油窗口103连通,柱塞105在进油区段202时,缸孔窗口101通过配流窗口301与进油窗口102连通。
如图1、图2所示,导轨200上的C点、D点、E点、F点、G点是进油和出油的交叉点,如E点是进油的终点,同时又是出油的起点,将引起进油出油腔相通内泄,因此这些点附近应有一个闭死区,但是闭死区的存在将减小曲线的有效工作幅角。
为了方便计算说明,理论上可以不存在闭死区,即柱塞105要么在进油区段202,要么在出油区段201。同时将图示中的一个缸孔窗口101和与之连通的进油窗口102和出油窗口103定义为一个结构单元。
根据图1、图2的结构单元示意图,对单个结构单元的运动分析如下:
如图1所示的结构单元上的柱塞105,作用带外死区E点上,此时,进出油口连续过渡应满足:
α ab=α azzbz=α r
导轨200顺时针旋转时,柱塞105作用点由E点移动到F点,配流窗口301随导轨200同步旋转,连通缸孔窗口101和出油窗口103,缸孔104内的油液排出,当旋转到F点时配流窗口301离开缸孔窗口101,断开缸孔窗口101和出油窗口103,此时下一个配流窗口301即将连通进油窗口102和缸孔窗口101,进出油连续过渡应满足:
α z=α r0=2π/r–α r
即配流窗口301离开缸孔窗口101的同时,α r0的幅角位置和缸孔窗口101重合。
如图2所示,结构单元上的柱塞105作用在导轨200的内死点F点上,继续顺时针旋转,柱塞105作用点由F点移动到G点,此过程中,配流窗口301随导轨200同步旋转,连通缸孔窗口101和进油窗口102,油液进入缸孔104内。
从E点到G点,液压马达完成一个作用幅角的工作,继续旋转将周期性的连续工作。
实际设计中,为防止进出油腔直接连通,可以通过单独减小配流窗口301幅角去解决。
如图5、图6所示,为本发明的实施例1:一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构在 十作用三柱塞液压马达上的应用。
一个结构单元可以独立完成泵的使用要求,但是作为液压马达使用时,在死区位置上无法主动旋转,并且缸体100的利用率太低。因此,可以在缸体100上布置多个结构单元,提高缸体100的利用率。
结构单元可以在缸体100上任意布置,但是相邻的两个结构单元之间不能存在进出油相通的情况,此时应满足:α ab≥α r
为了加工制造方便,结构单元一般均布在圆周上。
如本实施例1,在理想状态下,结构参数可以选择为:
x=10,r=10,z=3,α z=12°,α r=24°,α az=α bz=6°,φ ab=π/z=60°,φ z=2π/z=120°
满足α azzbz=α r和α z=α r0=2π/r–α r的工作条件。
此时,静止配流面上的进油窗口102、出油窗口103和缸孔窗口101顺时针方向按照进油窗口102–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103–进油窗口102–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103–进油窗口102–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103的顺序循环排列。
每个结构单元均满足马达的工作要求,柱塞105的运动分析不再单独说明。
如图6所示,柱塞105Q1位于外止点,缸孔窗口101Z1同进油窗口102和出油窗口103都不连通;Q2位于进油区段202,Z2通过配流窗口301连通进油窗口102,产生一个使导轨200顺时针方向旋转的力;Q3位于出油区段201,Z3通过配流窗口301连通出油窗口103排出油液。
通过实施例1的说明可知,当缸孔窗口101数量z增加后,α a和α b会越来越小,这使缸孔窗口101数量的增加受到了限制。
为继续增加缸孔窗口101数量,可以在两个相邻的结构单元中间增加一个缸孔窗口101,这个缸孔窗口101分别借用相邻结构单元上的出油窗口103和进油窗口102,形成一个反向结构单元,即在旋转方向上,进油窗口102和出油窗口103与结构单元相比位置对调。
反向结构单元使新增加的缸孔窗口101上的柱塞105工作失调,产生阻止马达旋转的力,影响马达的正常工作,为使反向结构单元符合工作需要,可以通过改变导轨相位位移幅角β x(图3所示)和缸孔相位位移幅角β z(图4所示),或是同时改变两者幅角来满足工作需要。
如图7、图8所示,为本发明的实施例2:一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构在十作用六柱塞液压马达上的应用。
在增加反向结构单元后,为实现工作需要,本实施例2通过改变导轨相位位移幅角 β x来实现。
此结构参数为:
x=10,r=10,z=6,α z=12°,α r=24°,α az=α bz=6°,α a=α b=36°,φ ab=2π/z=60°,φ z=2π/z=60°。
满足α azzbz=α r和α z=α r0=2π/r–α r的工作条件。
导轨A 200a的导轨相位位移幅角β x=0。
导轨B 200b的导轨相位位移幅角β x=π/x=18°。
与编号为奇数的缸孔窗口101(Z1,Z3,Z5)相通的缸孔104,里面的柱塞105(Q1,Q3,Q5)作用在导轨A 200a上;与编号为偶数的缸孔窗口101(Z2,Z4,Z6)相通的缸孔104,里面的柱塞105(Q2,Q4,Q6)作用在导轨B 200b上。
此时,静止配流面上的进油窗口102、出油窗口103和缸孔窗口101顺时针方向按照进油窗口102–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103–缸孔窗口101–进油窗口102–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103–缸孔窗口101–进油窗口102–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103–缸孔窗口101的顺序循环排列。
编号为奇数的缸孔窗口101是结构单元,满足工作要求,编号为偶数的缸孔窗口101为反向结构单元。
反向结构单元,缸孔窗口101逆时针方向是出油窗口103,顺时针方向是进油窗口102,若作用在β x=0的导轨A 200a上,会产生一个阻碍马达转动的力,使马达不能正常工作,因为导轨B 200b和导轨A 200a的作用区段正好相反,所以反向结构单元上的柱塞105在作用到导轨B 200b上以后相位得到纠正,使与反向结构单元相通的柱塞105作用在正确的导轨区段上,使马达正常工作。
如图8所示,柱塞105Q1位于导轨A 200a的外止点上,缸孔窗口101Z1同进油窗口102和出油窗口103都不连通;Q2位于导轨B 200b的进油区段202,Z2通过配流窗口301连通进油窗口102,产生一个使导轨顺时针方向旋转的力;Q3位于导轨A 200a的进油区段202,Z3通过配流窗口301连通进油窗口102,产生一个使导轨顺时针方向旋转的力;Q4位于导轨B 200b的内止点上,缸孔窗口101Z4同进油窗口102和出油窗口103都不连通;Q5位于导轨A 200a的出油区段201,Z5通过配流窗口301连通出油窗口103排出油液;Q6位于导轨B 200b的出油区段201,Z6通过配流窗口301连通出油窗口103排出油液。
以上可以得出,本实施例2满足工作要求。
如图9、图10所示,为本发明的实施例3:一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构 在十作用九柱塞液压马达上的应用。
实施例2可以增加缸体100的利用率,但是由于柱塞105被分在至少两个工作排面上,增加了液压马达的厚度。
为了在不增加马达厚度的情况下增加柱塞105数量,还可以通过改变反向结构单元的缸孔相位位移幅角β z来使柱塞105处于正确的导轨区段上。
实施例2中,外止点和内止点夹角为n·π/x(n为奇数),而导轨200以2π/x为周期,所以只有一种夹角π/x,若反向结构单元的作用导轨不变,则可通过改变缸孔相位位移幅角
β z=n·π/x(n为奇数)来使反向结构单元的缸孔104内的柱塞105作用到正确的导轨区段上。
本实施例3通过改变缸孔相位位移幅角β z=π/x=18°来实现反向结构单元的作用区段问题。
此结构参数为:
x=10,r=10,z=9,α z=12°,α r=24°,α az=α bz=6°,α ac=α ad=12°,α b=36°,φ z=60°。
满足α azzbz=α r和α z=α r0=2π/r–α r的工作条件。
进油窗口102按顺时针方向分割成两个独立的进油窗口C 102c和进油窗口D 102d,其中进油窗口C 102c和进油通道C 106c连通,进油窗口D 102d和进油通道D 106d相通。
此时,静止配流面上的进油窗口102、出油窗口103和缸孔窗口101顺时针方向按照进油窗口C 102c-进油窗口D 102d–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103–缸孔窗口101–进油窗口C 102c-进油窗口D 102d–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103–缸孔窗口101–进油窗口C 102c-进油窗口D 102d–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口103–缸孔窗口101的顺序循环排列。
编号为奇数的缸孔窗口101(Z1,Z3,Z5)各与一个柱塞105相连通;编号为偶数的缸孔窗口101(Z2,Z4,Z6)各与两个柱塞105相连通,这两个缸孔104与缸孔窗口101中心的缸孔相位位移幅角β z=π/x=18°;其中进油窗口C 102c与编号为偶数的缸孔窗口101相邻,进油窗口D 102d与编号为奇数的缸孔窗口101相邻。
实施例2中,每个进油窗口102都可以和顺时针方向和逆时针方向两个相邻缸孔窗口101供液。
实施例3中,进油窗口C 102c给编号为偶数的缸孔窗口101供液,进油窗口D 102d给编号为奇数的缸孔窗口101供液。
如图10所示,柱塞105Q1位于导轨200的外止点上,缸孔窗口101Z1同进油窗口102和出油窗口103都不连通;Q2、Q3位于导轨200的进油区段202,Z2通过配流窗口301连通进油窗口C 102c,产生一个使导轨200顺时针方向旋转的力;Q4位于导轨200的进油区段202,Z3通过配流窗口301连通进油窗口D 102d,产生一个使导轨200顺时针方向旋转的力;Q5、Q6位于导轨200的内止点上,缸孔窗口101Z4同进油窗口102和出油窗口103都不连通;Q7位于导轨200的出油区段201,Z5通过配流窗口301连通出油窗口103排出油液;Q8、Q9位于导轨200的出油区段201,Z6通过配流窗口301连通出油窗口103排出油液。
以上可以得出,本实施例3满足工作要求。
将进油窗口C 102c与压油管路A1连通,进油窗口D 102d与压油管路A2连通,若每个柱塞105的排量为V:
若A1和A2都通压力油时,马达的排量为9V(Q1~Q9)。
若A1通压力油,A2不通压力油时,马达的排量为6V(Q2,Q3,Q5,Q6,Q8,Q9)。
若A2通压力油,A1不通压力油时,马达的排量为3V(Q1,Q4,Q7)。
所以,通过断开一部分独立的进油窗口102与压力油的连通,可以改变马达的排量。
如图11、图12所示,为本发明的实施例4:一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构在十作用九柱塞端面配流液压马达上的应用。
实施例3可以实现马达顺时针方向旋转时的排量改变,逆时针方向旋转时,原进油窗口102变为出油窗口103,原出油窗口103变为进油窗口102,由图9可知,逆时针方向旋转时,进油窗口102变为3个,这样虽能改变排量,但不能够像正转时那样改变排量。
为了使马达正反转时都能一样的改变排量,进油窗口102和出油窗口103均设计成两个独立的窗口。
此结构参数为:
x=10,r=10,z=9,α z=12°,α r=24°,α az=α bz=6°,α ac=α ad=12°,α bc=α bd=12°,φ z=60°。
满足α azzbz=α r和α z=α r0=2π/r–α r的工作条件。
进油窗口102按顺时针方向分割成两个独立的进油窗口C 102c和进油窗口D 102d,其中进油窗口C 102c和进油通道C 106c连通,进油窗口D 102d和进油通道D 106d相通。出油窗口103按顺时针方向分割成两个独立的出油窗口C 103c和出油窗口D 103d,其中出 油窗口C 103c和出油通道C 107c连通,出油窗口D 103d和出油通道D 107d相通。
此时,静止配流面上的进油窗口102、出油窗口103和缸孔窗口101顺时针方向按照进油窗口C 102c-进油窗口D 102d–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口C 103c–出油窗口D 103d–缸孔窗口101–进油窗口C 102c-进油窗口D 102d–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口C 103c–出油窗口D 103d–缸孔窗口101–进油窗口C 102c-进油窗口D 102d–缸孔窗口101–出油窗口C 103c–出油窗口D 103d–缸孔窗口101的顺序循环排列。
实施例4和实施例3结构相似,反转时和正转时作用的曲面区段由于进出油窗口103变化也发生了变化。
如图5至图12中的任一液压马达,当任何一个进油窗口102和进油通道106断开后,与之相作用的缸孔窗口101就没有液体流入,就会使马达排量减少,如图5中,当Z1逆时针方向的进油窗口102与进油通道106断开后,Z1不再参与工作,马达排量减小。
本发明不局限于上述具体的实施方式,所属技术领域的技术人员从上述结构出发,不经过创造性的劳动,所作出的种种变换,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,包括:导轨、配流器、柱塞和缸体,缸体固定,配流器和导轨绕缸体同步旋转,缸体上有静止配流面,所述静止配流面上有缸孔窗口、进油窗口和出油窗口,配流器上有旋转配流面,所述旋转配流面上有配流窗口,所述配流窗口是沿旋转配流面向内凹陷的凹槽,其特征在于,进油窗口带、出油窗口带、配流窗口带和缸孔窗口带重合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,配流窗口数等于导轨作用数,在导轨任一位置上,柱塞在出油区段时,缸孔窗口通过配流窗口与出油窗口连通,柱塞在进油区段时,缸孔窗口通过配流窗口与进油窗口连通。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,任一缸孔窗口逆时针方向至少有一个进油窗口,顺时针方向至少有一个出油窗口。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,静止配流面上的缸孔窗口数为偶数,任一编号为奇数的缸孔窗口逆时针方向至少有一个进油窗口,顺时针方向至少有一个出油窗口,任一编号为偶数的缸孔窗口逆时针方向至少有一个出油窗口,顺时针方向至少有一个进油窗口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,任何相邻的缸孔窗口中心幅角φ z=2π/z,任何相邻的进油窗口中心和出油窗口中心幅角φ ab=2π/z。
  6. 根据权利要求1或4任一项所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,至少有一组导轨的导轨相位位移幅角β x=0,至少有一组导轨的导轨相位位移幅角β x=π/x。
  7. 根据权利要求1或4任一项所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,与编号为奇数的缸孔窗口相连的缸孔,其缸孔相位位移幅角β z=0,
    与编号为偶数的缸孔窗口相连的缸孔,其缸孔相位位移幅角β z=n·π/x,n为奇数。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,至少一个进油窗口分割为两个独立的进油窗口。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,能使至少一个独立的进油窗口与进油通道断开。
  10. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的一种缸体固定液压马达和泵的配流结构,其特征在于,可以控制至少一个进油窗口与进油通道的通断。
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