WO2021157695A1 - 光学識別体および印刷物 - Google Patents
光学識別体および印刷物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021157695A1 WO2021157695A1 PCT/JP2021/004324 JP2021004324W WO2021157695A1 WO 2021157695 A1 WO2021157695 A1 WO 2021157695A1 JP 2021004324 W JP2021004324 W JP 2021004324W WO 2021157695 A1 WO2021157695 A1 WO 2021157695A1
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- deflection
- image
- spatial phase
- cell
- phase modulator
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Definitions
- An embodiment of the present invention relates to an optical discriminator and a printed matter to which a display technique for providing an anti-counterfeit effect is applied.
- securities, cards, and certificates may have a display body with a visual effect different from that of ordinary printed matter, in order to make it difficult to forge them.
- a display body having a visual effect different from that of ordinary printed matter
- a display body that provides a variable color image.
- This is an arbitrary combination of a plurality of diffraction gratings having different spatial frequencies by utilizing the fact that the light incident on the diffraction grating described in WO2017 / 183718 is dispersed according to the spatial frequency of the diffraction grating. ..
- a method of expressing an arbitrary color in a display body including a diffraction grating having a spatial frequency corresponding to R (red), G (green), and B (blue), light is dispersed by each diffraction grating.
- the observer when the display is observed from an arbitrary angle, the observer can see the mixture of specific wavelengths emitted from the R, G, and B diffraction gratings. A specific color can be identified. Then, by arbitrarily arranging the diffraction gratings of R, G, and B, an arbitrary variable color image can be displayed by the diffraction grating.
- a display body of a color image that can be viewed stereoscopically as described in Japanese Patent No. 3778966.
- the image is displayed using the diffraction grating as a pixel, and parallax is created and stereoscopic vision is realized by setting the emission direction of the primary diffracted light from the cell of the diffraction grating. From different directions, parallax images corresponding to each direction can be observed, and a stereoscopic image by binocular parallax is expressed. The wavelength of the diffracted light determines the observed color.
- a display body in which a diffraction grating and a computer hologram are combined a diffraction grating described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-377273 and a computer hologram are combined, and an optical image is formed in a hologram forming region composed of the diffraction grating and the computer hologram.
- an invention for displaying a diffraction grating pattern and an invention in which a diffraction grating described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-129802 and a computer hologram coexist and an optical image is reproduced by observation from a specific direction are disclosed.
- a display body that assumes a normal light source and displays a variable color image by diffracted light to an observer at a specific observation angle using a diffraction grating. Further, there is a display body that assumes a white point light source and provides a three-dimensional color image when the light source is irradiated.
- variable color image described in WO2017 / 183718 is already known and has a poor anti-counterfeiting effect.
- a stereoscopic display body described in Japanese Patent No. 3778966 is already known.
- a complicated pattern can be switched with or without a point light source with good visibility.
- the effect is poor in terms of displaying in color.
- An object of the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide an optical discriminator and a printed matter having improved anti-counterfeiting property and discriminating property.
- the embodiment of the present invention takes the following measures.
- deflection cells in which the range of the deflection direction of visible light is recorded as the spatial frequency of the concave-convex structure are formed on the recording surface at regular intervals, and a plurality of variable color images are formed.
- the deflection cells of the Or covering the whole, the deflection cell diffracts the diffused light, deflects it by directional scattering, displays a variable color image recorded with the deflection cell as a pixel, modulates the phase of the light from the point light source, and displays the reproduced image.
- An optical discriminator having one or more spatial phase modulators on a recording surface and having the recording surface.
- the second invention is the optical discriminator of the first invention in which the deflection cell is composed of a diffraction grating.
- the spatial phase modulator has a plurality of convex portions provided on the upper surface substantially parallel to the display surface of the release layer, or a plurality of concave portions provided on the bottom surface substantially parallel to the display surface. It is an optical discriminator according to any one of the first and second inventions, which is composed of a flat portion parallel to a display surface and displays a reproduced image of color.
- the fourth invention is any one of the first to the third, which has a plurality of spatial phase modulators, and has a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions having different depths of the spatial phase modulators. It is an optical discriminator of the present invention.
- the fifth invention is the optical discriminator of any one of the first to fourth inventions, which has deflection cells in which the spatial frequencies of the diffraction gratings constituting the deflection cells are different.
- the sixth invention is an optical discriminator of any one of the first to fifth inventions, which has deflection cells having different areas.
- the ratio of the diffraction gratings constituting the deflection cell is standardized to a constant value smaller than 1 according to the variable color image, and the area of the spatial phase modulator provided in the deflection cell is spatial phase modulation. It is an optical discriminator of any of the fifth to sixth inventions, which is constant in each cell in which the vessel is provided.
- the eighth invention is the optical discriminator of any one of the first to seventh inventions, wherein the deflection cell and the cell provided with the spatial phase modulator are independent of each other.
- the ninth invention is the optical discriminator of any one of the first to eighth inventions, wherein the dimension of the deflection cell is a multiple or a divisor of the dimension of the cell provided with the spatial phase modulator.
- a tenth aspect of the present invention is any one of the second to ninth inventions, wherein the spatial phase modulator region including a plurality of spatial phase modulators and displaying a reproduced image surrounds a pixel including a plurality of deflection cells.
- the spatial phase modulator region including a plurality of spatial phase modulators and displaying a reproduced image surrounds a pixel including a plurality of deflection cells.
- the eleventh invention is the optical discriminator of any one of the first to tenth inventions, wherein the spatial phase modulator is configured as a Fourier transform hologram for displaying a reproduced image in the far field.
- the spatial phase modulator is configured as a Fresnel-converted hologram that displays a virtual image, a real image, or a reproduced image of both of them by radiating from a focusing point and focusing on the focusing point. It is an optical discriminator of any tenth invention.
- the thirteenth invention is an optical discriminator of any one of the first to twelfth inventions, wherein the reproduced image is mechanically readable.
- the fourteenth invention is the optical discriminator of the third or fourth invention in which the depth of the convex portion or the concave portion is 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the fifteenth invention is a printed matter to which the optical discriminator of any one of the first to fourteenth inventions is attached.
- the recording surface is provided with a deflection cell for displaying a brilliant image under diffused light and a spatial phase modulator for displaying a reproduced image by parallel illumination by a point light source, thereby causing diffused light.
- a variable color image can be obtained by observing with illumination, and a reproduced image that was not perceived by observing with diffused light and was a latent image is observed in observing with parallel light of a point light source, which is high.
- An optical discriminator with anti-counterfeiting effect and high discriminability can be realized.
- the brilliant variable color image of the deflection cell observed under diffused light can be easily perceived when observed at a specific observation angle.
- the image is difficult to perceive because the specific observation angle is limited as compared with the observation under diffused light.
- the reproduced image of the spatial phase modulator is clearly reproduced and easily perceived.
- the reproduced image of the spatial phase modulator is not easily perceived because the reproduced image is not focused on each reproduction point and is blurred.
- the diffused light can be light from a planar light source or indirect illumination light in which light from the light source is diffused by a diffuser.
- An example of a planar light source is a ceiling light.
- the point light source can be composed of an LED and a collimator.
- the collimator can consist of a convex lens, a parabolic reflector, or both.
- the diffused light means that the light incident on a certain point of the optical discriminator is incident from a range of a certain incident angle.
- the half width of the incident angle of the scattered light can be 5 ° to 45 °.
- the parallel light means that the light incident on a certain point of the optical discriminator is incident from a range below a certain angle.
- the half width of the incident angle of this parallel light can be 5 ° or less.
- variable color image of the deflection cell can display the color by mixing the diffracted light having different wavelengths under diffused light.
- the variable color image of the color development as designed is not displayed. Therefore, under a point light source, the visual effect of the reproduced image of the spatial phase modulator is not easily impaired.
- the optical discriminator can perform two-step verification of observing a brilliant image under diffused light as the first authentication and observing the reproduced image under a point light source as the second authentication.
- the information of the second authentication is not visually recognized under a normal light source, and the information is visually recognized and accessible by the illumination of the light from the point light source, so that the information is excellent in confidentiality.
- the diffraction grating of the deflection cell displays a variable color image by the diffraction grating in a specific direction. Therefore, the image produced by the deflection cell and the reproduced image produced by the phase modulator are displayed in different directions, and the brilliant reproduced image overlaps a part of the variable color image in the height direction, so that a simple latent image cannot be obtained.
- a visual effect peculiar to the embodiment of the present invention in which a reproduced image of a latent image appears on a variable color image can be obtained.
- the optical discriminator since the displayed image is a reproduced image that overlaps the variable color image in the height direction, which cannot be obtained by the variable color image and the latent image by printing, the optical discriminator has a high anti-counterfeiting effect.
- the spatial phase modulator is configured as a computer hologram, functions as a color modulation element that changes the wavelength distribution of the emitted light with respect to the incident light, and is provided on the upper surface substantially parallel to the display surface of the peeling layer.
- a clear color reproduction image is displayed by being composed of a plurality of convex portions or a plurality of concave portions provided on the bottom surface substantially parallel to the display surface and a flat portion substantially parallel to the base material surface.
- An optical discriminator can be obtained.
- the depth of the convex portion or the concave portion is formed by configuring the plurality of spatial phase modulators with a plurality of convex portions or concave portions having different depths among the plurality of convex portions and the plurality of concave portions, respectively. Since any coloration within the color range determined by is obtained, it is possible to obtain an optical discriminator capable of displaying a reproduced image of any color.
- the optical element is a diffraction grating composed of a plurality of cells having different spatial frequencies, and by diffracting light having a different wavelength depending on the spatial frequency, different colors are exhibited for each cell. Further, it is possible to obtain an optical discriminator that realizes a variable color image of an arbitrary color by mixing the colors.
- the diffraction grating and the spatial phase are required to make both the variable color image and the reproduced image clear and bright.
- the technical difficulty of properly arranging the cells of both elements of the modulator increases, and the cost of counterfeiting also increases. As a result, the anti-counterfeiting effect is enhanced.
- variable color image cell for example, three cells R, G, and B handle one pixel, and in the case of an arbitrary one unevenness depth, one cell handles one pixel (a color reproduction image).
- the ratio of cells in the variable color image and the color reproduction image is not simply 1: 1 because it is not limited to the case of any plurality of irregularities), and this point should be taken into consideration when creating data for drawing. Since it is necessary to create the data, the technical difficulty is increased, and the anti-counterfeiting effect is also enhanced.
- the sixth invention it is possible to obtain an optical film capable of expressing a delicate color gradation pattern by realizing a gradation image by changing the area of a plurality of deflection cells. Further, since the occupancy of the diffraction grating in each of the R, G, and B deflection cells is different for gradation expression, when a spatial phase modulator is to be provided in the deflection cell, a clear 3 is obtained. In order to obtain a three-dimensional color image, the ratio of the spatial phase modulator and the diffraction grating is different in each deflection cell.
- the ratio of the diffraction grating in the cell in which the diffraction grating is provided to the deflection cell is standardized according to the variable color image within a constant value of less than 1, and in the deflection cell. Since the spatial phase modulator provided is constant in each cell, each diffraction grating can coexist in the provided deflection cell, which facilitates the design of providing the spatial phase modulator. can.
- the deflection cell provided with the diffraction grating and the cell provided with the spatial phase modulator are independent of each other, both the variable color image and the reproduced image are balanced as the image. It is possible to obtain an optical discriminator that can realize a complicated combination relatively easily without breaking the cell arrangement without requiring a complicated design.
- the dimension of the deflection cell provided with the diffraction grating is a multiple or a divisor of the dimension of the cell provided with the spatial phase modulator, so that the region in which the structure is provided two-dimensionally is effective.
- an optical classifier that can be used efficiently can be obtained.
- an optical discriminator having an excellent design can be obtained by surrounding the pixel displaying the variable color image with the spatial phase modulator region for displaying the reproduced image.
- the spatial phase modulator is configured as a Fourier transform hologram, so that the obtained reproduced image can be obtained at a position separated from the variable color image normally observed under a light source in the height direction, and further. , It is possible to obtain an optical discriminator that is easy to manufacture because the data as a computer hologram is small and the calculation time is short.
- the spatial phase modulator is configured as a Fresnel transform hologram, so that the obtained reproduced image is obtained at a position separated in the height direction from the variable color image normally observed under a light source, and Fourier Compared with the case of the transform hologram, it is possible to obtain an optical discriminator from which a reproduced image can be obtained after performing a calculation at a position closer to the variable color image in the depth direction.
- the optical image can be used as an information source, and an optical discriminator having a high anti-counterfeiting effect can be obtained. Further, even when the display body is attached to a curved object such as a roll, if an optical image is provided in consideration of the curvature in advance, reading defects may occur due to the curvature of the optical image to be read mechanically. It can be suppressed.
- the fourteenth invention when the depth of the convex portion or the concave portion is 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1 ⁇ m or less, an optical discriminator of a desired reproduced image can be easily obtained.
- the fifteenth invention it is possible to obtain a printed matter to which the optical discriminator of any one of the first to fourteenth inventions is attached.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an optical discriminator according to one aspect of the present invention and an image that is visible when the observer observes the optical discriminator (a pattern of a variable color image and a reproduced image). If it is different from the picture).
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an optical discriminator according to one aspect of the present invention and an image that is visible when the observer observes the optical discriminator (a pattern of a variable color image and a reproduced image). If the pattern is the same).
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of switching the display of images.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a change in the reproduction point of the reproduced image according to the incident angle of the incident light from the normal light source on the optical discriminator.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a reproduction point of a regenerated image that is reproduced when diffused light is incident on the optical discriminator.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically showing an optical discriminator according to one aspect of the present invention and an image that can be seen when the observer observes the optical discriminator (the reproduced image is large in a plane and has a variable color). When covering the image).
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram (combination of a variable color image and a reproduced image) schematically showing an optical discriminator according to one aspect of the present invention and an image that is visible when the observer observes the optical discriminator. When one pattern is completed).
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically showing an optical discriminator according to one aspect of the present invention and an image that can be seen when the observer observes the optical discriminator (the reproduced image is large in a plane and has a variable color). When covering the image).
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram (combination of a variable color
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a structural example of the display body (when the depth of the uneven structure is one type).
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a structural example of the display body (when the depth of the concave-convex structure is a plurality of types).
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical discriminator having a diffraction grating having a concavo-convex structure of a spatial phase modulator formed around it.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view showing an example of a deflection cell that realizes a variable color image (when wide R, G, and B are arranged in the Y direction).
- FIG. 12 is a plan view showing an example of a deflection cell that realizes a variable color image (when R, G, and B having narrow widths are arranged in the X direction).
- FIG. 13 is a plan view showing an example of a deflection cell that realizes a variable color image.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view (when the area of the diffraction grating is standardized) showing an example of the cell arrangement of the recording surface of the optical discriminator.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an example of the cell arrangement of the recording surface of the optical discriminator (when the dimensions of the cells of the diffraction grating and the dimensions of the cells of the phase modulation element are different).
- FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an example of the cell arrangement of the recording surface of the optical discriminator (when the periphery of the cell of the diffraction grating is covered with the cell of the phase modulation element).
- FIG. 17 is a plan view showing an example of an optical discriminator including a cell having only arc-shaped deflection cells and a cell in which a deflection cell and a spatial phase modulator are mixed at an arbitrary ratio.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the difference in the visual field range due to the difference in the light source in the deflection cell.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of how the reproduced image is mechanically read.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of the optical discriminator.
- FIG. 21 is an optical microscope image showing an example of the optical discriminator of the present invention.
- each aspect of the present invention is a group of embodiments based on a single invention of its own.
- each aspect of the present invention is an aspect of a group of embodiments based on a single invention.
- Each configuration of the present invention may have each aspect of the present disclosure.
- Each feature of the present invention can be combined to form each configuration. Therefore, each feature of the present invention, each configuration of the present invention, each aspect of the present disclosure, and each embodiment of the present invention can be combined, and the combination exhibits a cooperative function and exerts a synergistic effect. Can be done.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an optical discriminator according to an aspect of the present invention and an image that can be seen when the observer K observes the optical discriminator.
- the pattern of the variable color image c and the pattern of the reproduced image d are different.
- the optical discriminator 10 can display a variable color image c when illuminated by a normal light source a, for example, a fluorescent lamp or a ceiling light.
- the normal light source a can typically be a white planar light source.
- the color temperature of the normal light source a can be from 2600K to 7100K.
- the normal light source a can illuminate the optical discriminator 10 with white diffused light.
- FIG. 1B explains the latent image effect in which the reproduced image d, which is not normally perceived under the light source a, is observed in three dimensions when illuminated by the point light source b.
- the reproduced image d may be color or monochrome.
- variable color image c of the optical discriminator 10 can be observed by illuminating the diffused white light with the normal light source a. In other words, under white diffused illumination, the optical discriminator 10 displays a variable color image c.
- the reproduced image d of the optical discriminator 10 can be observed in the illumination of parallel light by a point light source. In other words, in parallel light illumination under a point light source, the optical discriminator 10 displays the reproduced image d.
- a diffraction grating 12 that realizes the effect of the variable color image c, a deflection cell provided with directional scattering, and a spatial phase modulator 14 that realizes the effect of the three-dimensional image d are provided on the recording surface of the optical discriminator 10.
- a space phase modulator region is provided on the recording surface of the optical discriminator 10.
- the spatial phase modulator region for displaying the reproduced image d displays the reproduced image d that was not normally perceived under the light source a due to the irradiation of the point light source b, only a person who recognizes the existence of the reproduced image can display the reproduced image d.
- the reproduced image d can be confirmed. Therefore, the reproduced image can be recorded as a hidden latent image.
- the reproduced image can be a 3D image.
- the reproduced image can be color or monochrome.
- the reproduced image may be a collection of reproduction points.
- the reproduced image of a collection of reproduction points tends to have high brightness. Further, the presence or absence of reproduction of the reproduced image d can be used for authenticity verification.
- the reproduced image d as a latent image can be an element of authenticity verification.
- the spatial phase modulator 14 is configured as a computer hologram. Therefore, in order to realize the target reproduced image d, the reproduced image d is used. It is necessary to calculate and obtain the phase of the reproduced image recorded in the corresponding spatial phase modulator 14. Therefore, the degree of difficulty in manufacturing is higher than that in the case of the diffraction grating 12 alone, and the anti-counterfeiting effect is enhanced.
- the maximum value of the spatial frequency of the spatial phase modulator 14 can be 40 lines / mm or more and 400 lines / mm or less.
- the reproduced image d is a computer hologram
- the reproduced point with the reproduced image does not have a one-to-one correspondence with a certain point on the spatial phase modulator region of the optical discriminator 10.
- the reproduced image is displayed by light from a non-localized region of the spatial phase modulator region. Therefore, it is not necessary to reproduce the sound directly above the spatial phase modulator region, and the sound can be reproduced in the region where the spatial phase modulator 14 is not present. Further, this reproduced image can be directly above the diffraction grating 12.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing an optical discriminator according to one aspect of the present invention and an image that is visible when the observer K observes the optical discriminator, and in particular, a brilliant image c. Is the same as the pattern of the reproduced image d.
- a spatial phase modulator 14 that causes a reproduced image d to appear so as to correspond to the pattern of the brilliant image c is provided.
- the variable color image c is normally observed under the light source a
- the reproduced image d is observed under the point light source b
- the brilliant image c is not observed (e).
- the brilliant image c and the reproduced image d can have the same pattern or different patterns. In this way, the image changing effect can be realized depending on the presence or absence of irradiation of the point light source b.
- the variable color image c and the reproduced image d have the same pattern, the variable color image c can be obtained under the normal light source a, and the variable color image c can be changed to the reproduced image d under the point light source b.
- the optical discriminator 10 can switch the image to be displayed depending on the difference in the light source.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another example of image switching.
- a human face can be made to appear as a brilliant image c by the diffraction grating 12 under the normal light source a, and under the point light source b as shown in FIG. 3B. Then, the character can appear as the image d by the spatial phase modulator 14.
- the pattern in the deflection cell 12 is recorded on the recording surface. Therefore, the brightness of the image does not decrease even under the normal light source a in which the angle of incidence of the illumination light on the optical discriminator has a certain spread. That is, even if the optical discriminator is illuminated with diffused light, the brightness of the image does not decrease.
- the size of this deflection cell can be 1 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m.
- the maximum width of the deflection cell can be the size.
- the deflection cells can be arranged regularly. Further, the deflection cells may be arranged periodically.
- the arrangement interval of the deflection cells can be 3 ⁇ m or more and 1 mm. The arrangement interval may be the average value of the arrangement intervals of a plurality of deflection cells.
- the spatial phase modulator 14 focuses on a place away from the recording surface and forms a reproduced image d by the focal point, if the incident angle of the illumination light has a certain spread, the focal point becomes blurred and the reproduced image d is reproduced. The image d becomes dark. As a result, under the normal light source a, the pattern in the deflection cell 12 is mainly observed.
- the optical discriminator 10 when the optical discriminator 10 is illuminated with parallel light such as a point light source b, the angle of incidence of the illumination light incident on one point of the optical discriminator 10 is narrow. Therefore, the light propagating from the spatial phase modulator 14 is focused, and a point having high brightness is generated at the focal point.
- the image c of the pattern of the deflection cell 12 is also observed at a specific angle, the range of the deflection direction is narrower than that of the spatial phase modulator 14. Therefore, it becomes difficult to observe the image c with both eyes, and it becomes difficult to visually recognize the image c.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a change in the reproduction point of the reproduced image according to the incident angle of the incident light from the normal light source on the optical discriminator.
- FIG. 4A when the incident light i from the normal light source a is incident on the optical discriminator 10 at an acute angle, that is, near parallel to the optical discriminator 10, the reproduced image d is not reproduced. ..
- FIG. 4B when the incident angle is increased, a reproduction point is formed in the space in front of the end portion of the optical discriminator 10, and the reproduction image d is reproduced.
- the image c by the deflection cell 12 is also displayed on the surface of the optical discriminator 10.
- FIGS. 4 (b) to 4 (e) the reproduction point of the reproduction image d shifts toward the center side of the optical discriminator 10 as the incident angle becomes larger.
- FIG. 4E when the incident light i is incident on the optical discriminator 10 from the direction perpendicular to the optical discriminator 10, the reproduction point of the reproduced image d is the space in front of the center of the optical discriminator 10.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a reproduction point of a reproduction image displayed when diffused light is incident on the optical discriminator.
- the diffused light j is obtained, for example, by diffusing the ambient light by the diffuser 40.
- the diffused light j may be illumination light from a planar light source.
- the image c by the deflection cell 12 is also displayed on the surface of the optical discriminator 10, and the reproduced image d is also reproduced in the space in front of the optical discriminator 10.
- Both the image c and the reproduced image d are laterally shifted with respect to the optical discriminator 10 according to the incident angle of the diffused light j with respect to the optical discriminator 10.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically showing an optical discriminator according to one aspect of the present invention and an image that is visible when the observer K observes the optical discriminator.
- the reproduced image d is a plane. This is a case where the image c is large and brilliant.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an optical discriminator according to one aspect of the present invention and an image that is visible when the observer K observes the optical discriminator, and in particular, a variable color image c.
- the variable color image and the reproduced image d can represent texts, signs, signatures, symbols, heraldic flags, flags, portraits, landmarks, mammals, birds, fish, and insects, either alone or in combination.
- the variable color image and the reproduced image d can represent other than these.
- FIG. 7A there is a pattern provided by the variable color image c, and a part of the pattern is missing by itself.
- a normal light source is used with respect to the optical discriminator 10. By irradiating the point light source b from the same irradiation direction as a, the reproduced image d can be obtained, and the combination of the variable color image c and the reproduced image d can be arranged so that one pattern g is completed.
- the computer hologram provided as the spatial phase modulator 14 can be either a Fourier transform hologram or a Frenel transform hologram. Further, the spatial phase modulator 14 may be a diffraction grating in which a plurality of diffracted lights at the focal point are focused on the focusing point.
- the Fresnel-converted hologram can have a fine concavo-convex structure described below, which is disclosed in PCT / JP2017 / 020049 (International Publication No. WO2017 / 209113A1). With the Fresnel conversion hologram, the reproduced image can be displayed at a plurality of reproduction points.
- the reproduction point is preferably displayed at a distance of 5 mm or more and 25 mm or less from the recording surface on which the Fresnel conversion hologram is recorded.
- the reproduction point may be reproduced from the recording surface to the observer side, or may be reproduced to the side opposite to the observer on the recording surface. In either case, the distance of the reproduction point from the fine concavo-convex structure can be defined in the same way.
- the phase component of the point to be recorded is calculated as the sum of the complex amplitudes of the light incident on the point to be recorded from each reproduction point, the phase angle is obtained from the phase component, and the depth or height of the unit block is recorded.
- this unit block When this unit block has a convex shape, it becomes a convex portion of the spatial phase modulator 14. When this unit block has a concave shape, it becomes a concave portion of the spatial phase modulator 14.
- the upper surface of the convex portion that is, the surface farthest from the display surface can be substantially parallel to the display surface. At this time, substantially parallel can be defined as the deviation of the distance between the convex surface and the display surface being sufficiently small with respect to visible light.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Sa can be 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and within this range, the calculated phase angle can be recorded as the depth or height of the unit block.
- the phase component can be a standardized amplitude of the sum of complex amplitudes.
- the arrangement spacing of the unit blocks can be 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less.
- the viewing angle ⁇ of the reproduction point is preferably 5 degrees or more from the viewpoint of visibility of the reproduction image, and preferably 15 degrees or less from the viewpoint of facilitating the disappearance of the reproduction point.
- the recording surface on which the unit block is not formed can be defined as the flat portion of the spatial phase modulator 14.
- the Fourier transform hologram can be calculated in the same manner with the reproduction point of the Frenel transform hologram as the point at infinity, and the calculated phase angle is used as the depth or height of the unit block as in the Frenel transform hologram. Can be recorded.
- the spatial phase modulator 14 modulates the phase of the light from the point light source and displays the reproduced image.
- the shape of the unit block can be a square or rectangle, or a square or rectangle with rounded corners. Further, the unit block may be fused with an adjacent unit block.
- the unit blocks are preferably arranged in an orderly manner.
- the ordered array can be an array at regular intervals or an array at equal intervals.
- a typical ordered sequence is a square array or a hexagonal array.
- FIG. 8 and 9 are cross-sectional views showing a structural example of the transfer foil, FIG. 8 shows a case where the depth A of the concave portion 25 and the convex portion 26 is one type, and FIG. 9 shows three types ( ⁇ ). , ⁇ , ⁇ ).
- the release layer 23 is provided on the surface 22 side of the carrier 21, and the functional layer 24 is provided on the surface of the release layer 23 opposite to the surface 22.
- the concave portion 25 and the convex portion 26 are formed on the surface of the functional layer 24 as the spatial phase modulator 14.
- the portion of the functional layer 24 on which the spatial phase modulator 14 is not formed becomes a flat portion 27.
- the upper surface 28 of the functional layer 24 is covered with a sedimentary layer 29.
- the depth A of the concave portion 25 or the convex portion 26 of the spatial phase modulator 14, that is, the distance from the bottom surface 30 to the top surface 28 is provided to be the same.
- the concave portions 25 or the convex portions 26 of the spatial phase modulator 14 have a plurality of depths ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ( ⁇ > ⁇ > ⁇ in the example of FIG. 9). ).
- the color of the reproduced three-dimensional image can be any color by adjusting the mixing ratio of the depths ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ .
- the deflection cell can be composed of a diffraction grating, a directional scattering structure, and an inclined mirror. Diffraction gratings and tilted mirrors have a function of changing the traveling direction of incident light. Structural colors based on diffraction, scattering, and interference can also be an example of being provided in a deflection cell.
- the spatial frequency and the intensity distribution of the emitted light will be described when the white light of the diffraction grating 12 and the spatial phase modulator 14 is used as the incident light.
- the diffraction grating 12 has a spatial frequency of, for example, 1100 lines / line.
- a case of mm, 1300 lines / mm, and 1500 lines / mm will be described. That is, the observer receives the distribution of the emitted light having a distribution centered on the diffraction wavelength corresponding to each spatial frequency.
- the spatial frequency of the diffraction grating 12 differs depending on each spatial phase modulator 14 in the phase modulator region. Therefore, the spatial frequency required for the set of arbitrary reproduction points is not limited to a specific value, and is an aggregate of various spatial frequencies having a width.
- the spatial phase modulator 14 has a width with respect to the spatial frequency when comparing the intensity distribution of the emitted light with respect to the spatial frequency of the spatial phase modulation 14.
- the observer observes light having a diffraction wavelength corresponding to the spatial frequency.
- the diffraction wavelength can be dispersed due to the molding non-uniformity of the diffraction grating 12 during the original plate preparation and the embossing process and the surface unevenness of the resin material. This dispersion of diffraction wavelengths becomes noise with respect to the peak wavelength for the observer, and reduces the visibility of the color image.
- the spatial phase modulator 14 since the spatial phase modulator 14 has a continuous spatial frequency as compared with the diffraction grating 12, it also has an effect of blurring the noise generated by the diffraction grating 12 and alleviating the noise.
- the range of the spatial frequency of this diffraction grating is larger than 400 lines / mm and can be 1600 lines / mm or less.
- the pitch range of the diffraction grating can be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the depth range can be 0.05 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the spatial frequency, pitch, and depth of the directional scattering structure can be in the same range as the diffraction grating.
- the cross-sectional shape of the diffraction grating may be a sine wave, a blazed shape, a stepped shape, or an array thereof.
- the diffraction grating can have one frequency component. It may also have a plurality of discrete frequency components.
- the directional scattering structure can have a continuous frequency distribution.
- This frequency distribution can be in the shape of Gaushin Anne.
- the wave vectors corresponding to the frequency components are parallel to each other. If they are not parallel, the direction variation of the wave vector is preferably within 10 degrees.
- the arrangement pitch can be larger than 2 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the depth can be greater than 0.5 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 3 ⁇ m.
- the flat portion is susceptible to embossing pressure, so that the embossing pressure escapes to the flat portion, and the embossing pressure is unlikely to be applied to the deflection cell 12.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical discriminator having a diffraction grating having a concavo-convex structure of a spatial phase modulator formed around it.
- the spatial frequency of the spatial phase modulator 14 can be 1 / mm or more and 500 / mm or less, and the spatial frequency of the deflection cell 12 can be larger than 500 / mm and 1800 / mm or less.
- the depth can be 0.15 ⁇ m or more and 0.8 ⁇ m or less.
- the structural average depth when averaged within the region of the cell 32 with the spatial phase modulator 14 can be within ⁇ 50% of the average depth of the deflection cell 12.
- the optical discriminator 10 can be arranged between the transition zones with the two structures as transition zones. Generally, small cracks are likely to occur in the diffraction grating 12 of the optical discriminator 10, but by adopting a structure in which the deflection cell is surrounded by the spatial phase modulator 14, the defect of small cracks generated in the deflection cell can be eliminated. It can be resolved. Further, the external force on the optical discriminator 10 can be released to the transition zone.
- the transition zone has a concavo-convex structure having a coarser pitch than the optical discriminator 10.
- the width of the transition zone of the optical discriminator 10 changes constantly or continuously. Further, the width of the transition band of the optical discriminator 10 can be 1 mm or more and 30 mm or less. Further, the transition band of the optical discriminator 10 can be a curved line, a straight line, or a combination thereof. Further, in the optical discriminator 10, the density of the number of cells can be modulated constantly or stepwise. When the density of the number of cells is modulated stepwise, the stress is more likely to be relieved and the aesthetics are more likely to be improved.
- variable color image can be realized by providing a set of cells provided with a diffraction grating 12 corresponding to the variable color image.
- a plurality of diffraction gratings having different spatial frequencies are arbitrarily combined by utilizing the fact that the incident light is dispersed according to the spatial frequency of the diffraction grating.
- a diffraction grating having a spatial frequency corresponding to R (red), G (green), and B (blue) is included as a method for expressing an arbitrary color
- light is dispersed by each diffraction grating, and a specific one is specified.
- the wavelength of the diffracted light observed at an angle can correspond to R (red), G (green), and B (blue), respectively. Therefore, when the transfer foil 20 is observed from an arbitrary angle, the observer can perceive a specific color by mixing the specific wavelengths diffracted by the diffraction gratings of R, G, and B. Therefore, by arbitrarily arranging the diffraction gratings of R, G, and B and modulating the area of the cells, an arbitrary variable color image can be displayed by the diffraction grating.
- Each deflection cell 12 can be arranged in the unit cell 32 as shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 13.
- FIGS. 11, 12, and 13 are all diagrams showing an example of a deflection cell 12 that realizes a variable color image.
- FIG. 11 shows an arrangement in which the unit cells 32R, 32G, and 32B corresponding to the wide red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are stacked in the Y direction, that is, in the vertical direction of the image.
- FIG. 12 shows an arrangement in which the narrow R, G, and B unit cells 32R, 32G, and 32B are stacked in the X direction, that is, in the left-right direction of the image.
- unit cells are generically described without distinguishing colors, they are simply collectively referred to as "unit cell 32" in the following description.
- the unit cell 32 contains a deflection cell made of a diffraction grating 12.
- the plurality of unit cells 32R, 32G, and 32B can be used as one pixel of the variable color image.
- the deflection cell is composed of the diffraction grating 12, but the same applies when the deflection cell is composed of a directional scattering structure and an inclined mirror. The same applies when the deflection cell is provided with a diffraction grating 12, a directional scattering structure, and an inclined mirror.
- the narrow R is as shown in FIG.
- G, B unit cells 32R, 32G, 32B are stacked in the X direction, that is, in the left-right direction of the image, and the plurality of orientations of the diffraction gratings 12 having an arbitrary number of spatial frequencies are in the observation direction. Since they are installed so as to be adjacent to each other, the change in color is small even when the transfer foil 20 is tilted and observed.
- the groove of the diffraction grating 12 provided in the oblique direction with respect to the unit cell 32 can be efficiently provided in terms of area.
- the size of the unit cell 32 is not so large compared to the spatial frequency, the number of grooves of the diffraction grating 12 provided in each unit cell 32R, 32G, 32B is small, but the groove of the diffraction grating is a deflection cell.
- This arrangement is useful because it is arranged so as to intersect the long sides of the twelve and the number of grooves does not decrease even if the pixels are divided into each grating cell. Further, according to such an arrangement of cells, it is possible to prevent a decrease in saturation of a variable color image due to the reduction in pixels.
- FIG. 13 is also a plan view showing an example of cells of the diffraction grating 12 that realizes a variable color image.
- the diffraction gratings 12 are stacked in a building block shape, and the deflection cells are provided in the unit cell 32 by changing the area of the stacked regions according to the parallax image.
- the variable color image can be realized by providing the pixels with deflection cells having different spatial frequencies of the diffraction gratings, as in FIG.
- the unit cell 32 may have a region in which the respective deflection cells 32R, 32G, and 32B are not formed.
- FIG. 14 is a plan view showing an example of the cell arrangement of the optical discriminator, and is a case where the area of the deflection cell is standardized. That is, the maximum size occupied by the deflection cell in the pixel is constant.
- the spatial phase modulator 14 can be provided in a region where the diffraction grating 12 is not provided.
- the occupancy rate of each unit cell 32R, 32G, 32B of R, G, and B is set to 50% at the maximum in the pixel. Then, the spatial phase modulator 14 can be provided in the remaining 50%. By arranging in this way, the spatial phase modulator 14 can be provided in a region that is normally unstructured without disturbing the coloration of the variable color image by the diffraction grating 12.
- the diffraction grating 12 for the variable color image c and the reproduced image d are obtained after effectively utilizing the region.
- the coexistence of the spatial phase modulator 14 of the above can be realized. As described above, a gap can be provided between each deflection cell 12 and the spatial phase modulator 14, and the space between the deflection cells 12 can be filled with the spatial phase modulator 14. Further, the space between the deflection cells 12 may be simply filled with the spatial phase modulator 14.
- a unit cell of the diffraction grating 12 for obtaining the variable color image c and a cell of the spatial phase modulator for obtaining the reproduced image d can be provided separately.
- FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an example of the cell arrangement of the optical discriminator, and the size of the unit cell in which the deflection cell of the diffraction grating fits is different from the size of the cell of the spatial phase modulator.
- the size of the cell 321 in which the deflection cell of the diffraction grating 12 is accommodated and the size of the cell 322 of the spatial phase modulator 14 can be individually determined, that is, the resolutions of the variable color image c and the reproduced image d are individually determined. Since you can decide on, the degree of freedom of expression increases. Further, the dimensions of the cells 321 and 322 can be set independently according to the variable color image c of the optical film 10 to be obtained, the sharpness of the reproduced image d, and the manufacturing time of the structure.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view showing an example of the cell arrangement of the optical discriminator, and the periphery of the pixel of the deflection cell is covered with the cell of the spatial phase modulator.
- a cell provided with a spatial phase modulator 14 for obtaining a reproduced image d so as to surround a pixel which is an aggregate of unit cells 321 containing a diffraction grating 12 for obtaining a variable color image c. 32 can be arranged.
- the adjacent lines of the diffraction grating 12 and the spatial phase modulator 14 are the cells of the above-mentioned diffraction grating 12 and the cell of the spatial phase modulator 14. It is less than the case where 322 and 322 are provided alternately. For this reason, there is an advantage that the resin that is likely to be generated at the boundary between different structures during embossing is less likely to remain on the plate and is easy to manufacture. In particular, the effect is remarkable when a thermoplastic material is used for the optical functional layer.
- FIG. 17 is a plan view showing an example of an optical discriminator including a unit cell having only an arcuate deflection cell and a unit cell in which a deflection cell and a spatial phase modulator are mixed at an arbitrary ratio.
- a cell having only an arcuate deflection cell 12 or a unit cell in which the deflection cell 12 and the spatial phase modulator 14 are mixed at an arbitrary ratio can be arranged in one pixel 32.
- the observation angle at which the variable color image c can be observed can be changed.
- the orientation of the grid does not have to be limited to one type, and can be a plurality.
- the observation angle at which the variable color image c can be observed can be expanded.
- the irradiation angle of the point light source b with respect to the optical discriminator 10 and the angle at which the reproduced image can be obtained can be arbitrarily designed. Therefore, the observation angle for displaying the variable color image c and the three reproduced images d can be freely designed.
- the layer structure of the transfer foil can be a carrier / release layer / functional layer / deposition layer / adhesive layer. Between each layer, there may be an adhesive layer, an anchor layer, and a printing layer. Further, the material of the release layer and the functional layer can be a light-transmitting resin such as a thermoplastic resin or a photocurable resin. When a thermoplastic resin or a photocurable resin is used, the uneven shape can be formed at the interface of the functional layer from the original plate on which the uneven shape is formed. The interface on which this uneven shape is formed can be used as the recording surface.
- the uneven shape is formed on the recording surface on the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the carrier of the functional layer. That is, the sedimentary layer can cover the entire functional layer, and in this case, the interface between the functional layer and the sedimentary layer can be used as the recording layer.
- the sedimentary layer can also cover a part of the functional layer.
- the recording surface can be the interface between the functional layer and the deposited layer or the interface between the functional layer and the adhesive layer.
- the surface in contact between the carrier and the release layer is the display surface. This display surface is parallel to the surface of the carrier.
- the carrier is a plastic film or a plastic sheet.
- the carrier can treat itself independently.
- the material of the carrier can be polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) or polycarbonate (PC).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PP polypropylene
- PE polyethylene
- PC polycarbonate
- the release layer is coated with a thermoplastic resin or a curable resin on the carrier, and after the functional layer is further applied, the original plate having the uneven shape formed on the recording surface of the functional layer is pressed. Obtained by hitting.
- the release layer, functional layer, and adhesive layer can be formed of resin.
- the resin can be an oligomer, a polymer or a mixture thereof. Further, the resin may contain inorganic particles, organic particles, or both.
- the resin forming these layers can be a thermoplastic resin or a cured resin.
- Various resins include poly (meth) acrylic resins, polyurethane resins, fluorine resins, silicone resins, polyimide resins, epoxy resins, polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins, methacrylic resins, cyclic polyolefin resins, It can be a polystyrene-based resin, a polycarbonate-based resin, a polyester-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, a polyamideimide-based resin, a cellulose-based resin, or the like.
- the polystyrene-based resin can be an acrylonitrile- (poly) styrene copolymer (AS resin) or an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin).
- AS resin acrylonitrile- (poly) styrene copolymer
- ABS resin acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer
- the material for forming the release layer, the functional layer, and the adhesive layer can be one of these resins. Alternatively, it can be a mixture or composite of two or more resins.
- the resin becomes a thermoplastic resin when no curing agent is added.
- the thickness of the carrier can be 25 ⁇ m or more and 500 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the release layer can be 0.3 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the functional layer can be 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less.
- the adhesive layer can
- the optical discriminator can further include other layers such as an adhesive layer and a resin layer.
- the adhesive layer is provided, for example, so as to cover the sedimentary layer.
- the material of the sedimentary layer can be metal, metal compound, or silicon oxide.
- the metal aluminum, silver, gold, and alloys thereof can be used.
- the metal compound can be aluminum, zinc, titanium, tin oxide, sulfide, nitride, or fluoride. Examples of metal compounds are zinc sulfide, titanium oxide and aluminum oxide.
- the sedimentary layer can be formed by the sedimentary method.
- the deposition method can be a physical deposition method or a chemical volume method.
- the physical deposition method can be a vacuum vapor deposition method or a sputtering method.
- the sedimentary layer can be a single layer or multiple layers.
- the deposited layer aluminum is provided on the light transmitting layer at 50 nm by a vacuum vapor deposition method. If the sedimentary layer is extremely thin, the light transmittance of the sedimentary layer will be high, and therefore the light reflectance will be low.
- the deposited layer can be 20 nm or more and 100 nm or less.
- the optical discriminator can be attached to printed matter as an anti-counterfeit label.
- printed matter examples include banknotes, cards, pages and packages.
- PET is used as the carrier of the optical discriminator
- a release layer of a thermoplastic resin is formed on the carrier
- a functional layer is formed on the release layer
- a sedimentary layer is deposited on the functional layer.
- an adhesive layer is provided. This adhesive layer is attached to the optical discriminator, and the printed matter supports the optical discriminator. Since the optical discriminator itself is difficult to forge or imitate, if the optical discriminator is supported by the printed matter, it is difficult to forge or imitate the printed matter with the optical discriminator.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the difference in the range of the visual range due to the difference in the light source in the deflection cell.
- the diffraction angle is different for each wavelength, so that the diffracted light of the white light is in the y direction. Although it has a spread of light, it does not have a spread of light in the y direction at a single wavelength, and the light spreads only in the x direction.
- the light source a of ordinary diffused light is used as the light source, the light spreads in both the y direction and the x direction. Therefore, as in the case of FIG.
- the angle at which light of the wavelength designed in the y direction is observed is pinpoint, and the visible range is wide. It is narrow and difficult to observe. However, when illuminated with diffused light, the light spreads in the y direction as well, so that the visible range is widened and it is easy to observe.
- the reproduced image displayed by the uneven structure of the spatial phase modulator can be observed in a wide range even under illumination by parallel light because the light spreads in both the xy directions, and the spatial phase is displayed by the parallel light.
- the diffracted light from the modulator is focused on each designed reproduction point to obtain a clear 3D image.
- the diffracted light from the spatial phase modulator is diffused in the xy direction without being focused at one point, and the reproduced image is blurred.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of how the reproduced image of the display body is mechanically read.
- the reproduced image d can be mechanically read as shown in FIG.
- the reproduced image d can be read by using a general-purpose reading device 33 such as a smartphone. If the code information having a link to the product information of the card or the article on which the optical film 10 is supported is regarded as the reproduced image d, the reproduced image d is read by a reading device 33 such as a smartphone, and the product is accessed by accessing the link. You can access the information homepage.
- the transfer foil can transfer the transfer foil to paper.
- the layer structure of the display body 20 on which the transfer foil is transferred can be a paper, an adhesive layer, a deposition layer, a light transmission layer, and a release layer on the paper.
- the deposited layer can be an aluminum layer
- the material of the light transmitting layer can be an ultraviolet curable resin.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating one use example of the optical discriminator.
- a color image d that can be observed by normal observation can be used as a portrait. Then, when illuminated by the parallel light of the point light source b, the signature "name" corresponding to the portrait can be reproduced as the reproduced image d. By using the signature "name" as a latent image, the eye-catching effect can be enhanced.
- FIG. 21 is a photograph of an optical microscope showing an example of the optical discriminator of the present invention.
- each embodiment can be implemented in combination, in which case a synergistic effect can be obtained by the combination.
- the above-described embodiment includes inventions at various stages, and various inventions can be extracted by an appropriate combination in a plurality of disclosed constitutional requirements.
- Cell Cell
- Part part
- pixel part
- area area
- layer plan
- plane optical discriminator
- dislay body article
- refcording medium
- Base material printing
- Physical existence can refer to a physical form or a spatial form surrounded by matter.
- the physical existence is its material, physical properties, physical quantity, psychophysical quantity, arrangement, shape, outer shape, the above-mentioned statistic, recorded information, recorded data, recorded code, readable information, readable data, readable code, It can be characterized by ability, performance, appearance, color, spectrum, image to be formed / displayed, processing method, identification method, detection method, verification method, determination method.
- the physical entity can have a specific function. A set of physical beings with a particular function can exhibit the synergistic effect of each function of each physical being.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の一態様に係る光学識別体と、この光学識別体を観察者Kが観察した場合に見える画像の様子を概略的に示す説明図である。特に、可変カラー画像cの絵柄と、再生像dの絵柄とが異なる場合である。
空間位相変調器14として設けられる計算機ホログラムは、フーリエ変換ホログラムとも、フレネル変換ホログラムともできる。また、空間位相変調器14は、焦点に複数の回折光が集光点に集光する回折格子としてもよい。
フレネル変換ホログラムでは、複数の再生点で再生像を表示できる。
可変カラー画像は、可変カラー画像に応じた回折格子12が設けられた各セルの集合を設けることにより実現できる。上述したWO2017/183718号公報に記載のように、入射する光が回折格子の空間周波数に応じて分散されることを利用し、空間周波数が異なる複数の回折格子を任意に組み合わせる。
次に、光学識別体がキャリア上に設けられた転写箔の層構成とその製造方法について説明する。転写箔の層構成は、キャリア/剥離層/機能層/堆積層/接着層とできる。各層の間には、接着層、アンカー層、印刷層があってもよい。また、剥離層や機能層の材料は、熱可塑性樹脂又は光硬化性樹脂などの光透過性樹脂とできる。熱可塑性樹脂又は光硬化性樹脂を使用すると、凹凸形状が形成された原版から、凹凸形状を機能層の界面に成形できる。この凹凸形状が形成された界面を、記録面とできる。凹凸形状は、機能層のキャリアと接する面と反対の面の記録面に形成される。すなわち堆積層が機能層の全部を覆うことができ、この場合、機能層と堆積層との界面を記録層とできる。なお、堆積層は、機能層の一部を覆うこともできる。堆積層は、機能層の一部を覆う場合、記録面は、機能層と堆積層の界面または、機能層と接着層の界面とできる。また、キャリアと剥離層の接する面が、表示面となる。この表示面は、キャリアの表面と平行となる。
Claims (15)
- 偏向セル毎に、凹凸構造の空間周波数として回折光の偏向方向の範囲が記録された偏向セルが、記録面に離散的に一定の間隔で形成され、可変カラー画像が複数の前記偏向セルを画素として記録され、
前記記録面の偏向セルの間は、前記凹凸構造の高さとして位相差分布が記録された空間位相変調器で満たされており、
堆積層が、前記記録面の一部または全部を覆い、
前記偏向セルは拡散光を回折、指向性散乱により偏向し、前記偏向セルを画素として記録された前記可変カラー画像を表示し、
点光源からの光の位相を変調し、再生像を表示する1つまたは複数の前記空間位相変調器を前記記録面に備え、前記記録面を備えた光学識別体。 - 前記偏向セルが回折格子により構成された請求項1に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記空間位相変調器が、剥離層の表示面と略平行である上面に設けられた複数の凸部、又は、前記表示面と略平行である底面に設けられた複数の凹部と、前記表示面と略平行な平坦部とで構成され、カラーの再生像を表示する請求項1乃至2のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 複数の前記空間位相変調器を有し、前記空間位相変調器を構成する複数の凸部および複数の凹部の深さの異なる前記空間位相変調器を有する請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記偏向セルを構成する各回折格子の各空間周波数が異なる前記偏向セルを有する請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 面積の異なる前記偏向セルを有する請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記偏向セルを構成する前記回折格子の割合が、前記可変カラー画像に応じて、1より小さい一定値に規格化され、
前記偏向セルに設けられる前記空間位相変調器の面積は、前記空間位相変調器が設けられるセルのおのおのにおいて一定である請求項5乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。 - 前記偏向セルと、前記空間位相変調器が設けられたセルとがそれぞれ独立している請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記偏向セルの寸法が、前記空間位相変調器が設けられたセルの寸法の倍数または約数である請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記空間位相変調器を複数含んでなり、前記再生像を表示する空間位相変調器領域が、前記偏向セルを複数含んでなる画素を囲んでいる請求項2乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記空間位相変調器が、ファーフィールドに再生像を表示するフーリエ変換ホログラムとして構成される請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記空間位相変調器が、集光点からの放射、集光点への集光により虚像、実像またはその双方の再生像を表示するフレネル変換ホログラムとして構成される請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記再生像が、機械的に読取可能である請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体。
- 前記凸部又は前記凹部の深さが0.1μm以上かつ1μm以下である請求項3又は4に記載の光学識別体。
- 請求項1乃至14のいずれか一項に記載の光学識別体が貼付された印刷物。
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EP21750648.4A EP4102268A4 (en) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-02-05 | OPTICAL IDENTIFICATION BODY AND PRINTED MATERIAL |
JP2021575884A JPWO2021157695A1 (ja) | 2020-02-07 | 2021-02-05 | |
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US20220382214A1 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
KR20220126791A (ko) | 2022-09-16 |
EP4102268A4 (en) | 2023-08-09 |
EP4102268A1 (en) | 2022-12-14 |
JPWO2021157695A1 (ja) | 2021-08-12 |
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