WO2021143907A1

WO2021143907A1 - Movable submarine oil storage depot having isolation device for containing dispersion of leaked oil and construction method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2021143907A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/072514
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄灿光; 陈立强; 刘少忠
Original assignee: 黄灿光; 陈立强
Priority date: 2020-01-18
Filing date: 2021-01-18
Publication date: 2021-07-22
Also published as: CN111119242A

Abstract

A movable submarine oil storage depot having an isolation device for containing the dispersion of leaked oil and a construction method therefor, the depot comprising an isolation space (5) and a plurality of oil storage tanks (2). The isolation space (5) comprises a bottom plate (8) and partially prestressed concrete enclosing walls (7); the partially prestressed concrete enclosing walls (7) are perpendicular to the bottom plate (8) and form a plurality of unit storage spaces (1) with the bottom plate (8); multiple oil storage tanks (2) are provided and are respectively arranged at the center of the inner cavities of the unit storage spaces (1); the top surface of each oil storage tank (2) is connected to two oil pipes (4) and a gas exhaust pipe (6); an oil storage tank controllable switch (15) is provided at the bottom end of a radial side wall of each oil storage tank (2); the bottom end of the inner cavity of each oil storage tank (2) is provided with a water permeable plate (18); the bottom ends of the water permeable plates (18) are provided with supporting structures (17) having pipes communicated with each other; and the inner cavity of each oil storage tank (2) is provided with an oil-water partitioning diaphragm (13) and a floating top cover (12).

Description

Movable submarine oil storage depot with isolation device to prevent oil leakage from spreading and construction method

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of equipment oil storage, in particular to a movable submarine oil storage depot with an isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage and a construction method.

Background technique

The location of oil storage tanks on land is a big problem. It is necessary to be close to the sea or river to facilitate the mooring of large oil tankers to transport oil, and to be far away from residential buildings. The general public loves the sea or riverside living environment. This is why Greater contradiction.

In addition to the above contradictions, oil tanks on land are also affected by the environment, such as lightning strikes, temperature and temperature difference, and static electricity accumulation caused by dust. If you are not careful, static sparks can cause fires or explosions. A car crash can also cause a catastrophe, and the land it occupies is high-value land. It is an ideal solution if the oil storage tank can be moved to the sea or on rivers and lakes without occupying land.

But if you want to move to the sea or water, especially on the seabed (underwater), the first thing to solve is that if an oil spill occurs, the ocean or water area spreads quickly and spreads wider than land. Therefore, it is a high-risk decision to relocate oil storage tanks to sea or water before these problems are resolved.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a movable subsea (underwater) oil storage tank with an isolation device to prevent the spread of oil leakage and a construction method, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background art.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: make full use of the bulk density of dangerous chemicals such as petroleum, gasoline, diesel, etc., which are less than the bulk density of seawater or fresh water, and the characteristics that the two liquids can be separated and have no chemical reaction. The movable subsea oil storage facility with isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage includes an isolation room and an oil storage tank. The isolation room includes a bottom plate and a partial pre-stressed concrete (or equivalent high-strength and high-performance new material) enclosure wall. The stress concrete enclosure wall is perpendicular to the bottom plate and encloses a number of unit storage rooms with the bottom plate. The bottom end of the part of the prestressed concrete enclosure wall of the isolation room is provided with controllable switches of the isolation room. The oil storage tanks are provided with several and respectively Installed in the center of the unit storage chamber, the top surface of the oil storage tank is connected with two oil delivery pipes and an exhaust pipe. The adjacent oil storage tanks are connected by the oil delivery pipe, and the adjacent exhaust pipes are connected by a guide. The gas pipe is connected, the bottom end of the radial side wall of the oil storage tank is provided with an oil storage tank controllable switch, the vertical height of the isolation room controllable switch is lower than the oil storage tank controllable switch, the oil storage tank A water-permeable plate is welded on the radial side wall of the bottom end surface of the inner cavity, and the water-permeable plate is located above the controllable switch of the oil storage tank. The bottom end of the water-permeable plate is equipped with a supporting structure with pipes communicating with each other. The bottom end of the supporting structure It is fixedly installed on the bottom end surface of the inner cavity of the oil storage tank, the inner cavity of the oil storage tank is provided with an oil and water diaphragm and a floating top cover, and the floating top cover is located above the oil and water diaphragm.

Preferably, a part of the prestressed concrete wall of the isolation chamber is higher than the designed maximum wave height of the sea area (water area).

Preferably, the bottom plate is fixed on the sand and gravel layer of the seabed (underwater) through a mortar layer.

Preferably, the top cross-section of the unit storage chamber is a rectangular cup shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, or other shapes.

Preferably, the balance water used in the unit storage room does not use on-site sea water/river water, but uses input water.

Preferably, the top cross section of the unit storage chamber is square.

Preferably, the oil storage tank is made of corrosion-resistant coated steel plate or stainless steel or equivalent high-strength and high-performance new materials.

Preferably, the oil storage tank is cylindrical and shaped like an umbrella.

Preferably, control switches are provided on the pipe walls of the two oil delivery pipes and the exhaust pipe.

Preferably, a sealing strip is provided on the edge of the bottom end surface of the floating top cover.

Preferably, the ratio of the capacity of the isolation chamber to the oil storage tank can be regarded as a safety factor for oil leakage, and 2 may be taken.

Preferably, the balance water in the unit storage room does not use on-site seawater or fresh water, but uses pipeline input water, and at the same time, the controllable switch of the isolation room is closed.

The construction method of a mobile subsea oil storage depot with isolation device to prevent the spread of oil leakage includes the following steps:

A. Manufacturing and hoisting of the isolation room: In a suitable dock, the prestressed (reinforced) concrete structure is cast on site. Due to the simple structure of part of the prestressed concrete, the construction speed should not be slow. After completion, close all sea water (fresh water). ) Entrance and exit, floating out of the dock.

B. Manufacture, installation and testing of oil storage tanks: it can be manufactured in blocks at a steel product processing plant, and then transported to the port with a floating crane to help complete the assembly of the oil storage tank and conduct leakage testing in the isolation room.

C. Construction on the seabed (waterbed) and set up a sand-gravel layer: the installation site will clean the soft soil on the seabed (underwater) until the sand-gravel layer that can bear the weight of the entire structure. If the soft soil is very thick, soft soil reinforcement and/or low pile cap pile foundation or negative pressure suction tube foundation can be used.

D. Pre-embedded: haul the isolation room and the oil storage tank to the on-site alignment position, fill the isolation room with water and sink to the ground. At this time, the oil-water diaphragm and floating top cover in the oil storage tank are placed on the bottom and bottom of the oil storage tank, respectively. On the top of the cylinder, after the water is naturally filled with the oil storage tank, start to press into the oil to store the oil.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. By setting up an isolation room, the present invention can safely put oil storage tanks into the sea (waters) for storage, without occupying the land along the coastal river, releasing more offshore or riverside land, away from residential buildings, and reducing potential risks to residents , It is convenient for oil tankers to dock to import oil products. It is built on the seabed (underwater). The temperature of the oil tank is lower than that of the same oil storage device on land, and the temperature difference is also small. There is no static electricity accumulation, no risk of lightning strikes, and it can be sheltered from wind.

2. In the present invention, an isolation room is provided, through which the leakage oil can be prevented from spreading into the sea (in the water). The isolation room is constructed of partially prestressed concrete or equivalent high-strength and high-performance new materials, which is strong and resistant to terrorist attacks.

3. The present invention adopts modular design, is convenient to manufacture and install, and can be floated and moved.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is an overall top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of a unit storage chamber structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an elevation view of the unit storage room structure of the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a 3D wireframe perspective view of a unit storage room according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a diagram of the oil-water relationship in a normal working state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a diagram of the relationship between oil and water in the case of oil leakage or more serious damage according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is an elevation view of an oil storage tank buried below the water surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of using input water instead of on-site water for balance water in an oil storage tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a display diagram of the first construction process of an embodiment of the present invention; sinking

Figure 10 is a diagram showing the second construction process of an embodiment of the present invention; sitting on the ground

Figure 11 is a display diagram of the third construction process of the embodiment of the present invention; the tank is filled with water first

Figure 12 is a diagram showing the use effect of the finished product according to the embodiment of the present invention: press-in oil to store oil

In the figure: 1. Unit storage room; 2. Oil storage tank; 3. Air duct; 4. Oil pipeline; 5. Isolation room; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Part of prestressed concrete wall; 8. Floor; 9. Isolation Room controllable switch; 10. Control switch; 11. Sealing strip; 12. Floating top cover; 13. Oil-water diaphragm; 15. Controllable switch of oil storage tank; 16. Sand and gravel layer; 17, Support structure; 18. Water permeability Plate; 19, water pipe; 25, oil; 26, water.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Please refer to Figures 1-8. This embodiment provides a mobile subsea oil storage with isolation devices to prevent the spread of oil spills, including an isolation chamber 5 and an oil storage tank 2. The isolation chamber 5 includes a bottom plate 8 and a part of prestressed concrete (or Equivalent high-strength and high-performance new material) Wall 7, part of the pre-stressed concrete wall 7 is perpendicular to the bottom plate 8, and surrounds the bottom plate 8 to form a number of unit storage rooms 1. Part of the pre-stressed concrete wall 7 of the isolation room 5 has a bottom end Controllable switch 9 in the isolation room, several oil storage tanks 2 are installed in the center of the inner cavity of the unit storage room 1, and the top surface of the oil storage tank 2 is connected with two oil pipes 4 and exhaust pipes 6, adjacent to each other. The oil tanks 2 are connected through the oil pipe 4, and the adjacent exhaust pipes 6 are connected through the air pipe 3. The bottom end of the radial side wall of the oil tank 2 is provided with an oil tank controllable switch 15, and the oil tank 2 A water-permeable plate 18 is welded on the radial side wall of the bottom end surface of the inner cavity, and the water-permeable plate 18 is located above the controllable switch 15 of the oil storage tank. The bottom end of the water-permeable plate 18 is equipped with a supporting structure 17 with a pipe interconnection. The bottom end of the supporting structure 17 It is fixedly installed on the bottom end surface of the inner cavity of the oil storage tank 2. The inner cavity of the oil storage tank 2 is provided with an oil and water diaphragm 13 and a floating top cover 12. The floating top cover 12 is located above the oil and water diaphragm 13, and the isolation chamber can be controlled by a switch 9 The vertical position should be lower than the controllable switch 15 of the oil storage tank 2 to prevent the oil from leaking from the controllable switch 15 of the oil storage tank 2 and will not flow downward and rise and stay in the isolation room 5 when an accident occurs.

In this embodiment, several unit storage rooms 1 are provided to facilitate the placement of oil storage tanks 2, and the corresponding number of oil storage tanks 2 can be determined according to the specific storage capacity. The isolation room 5 is provided with a partial prestressed concrete wall 7 , It mainly bears the impact of waves and accidental collision damage from other equipment such as ships, and is used as a supporting structure to support additional superstructure equipment. The oil-water diaphragm 13 is used to separate oil from seawater (fresh water), and the permeable plate 18 can prevent oil The moisture diaphragm 13 is lower than the vertical height of the controllable switch 15 of the oil storage tank. The function of the floating top cover 12 is to prevent the oil from evaporating, but it cannot completely isolate the oil from evaporating. Therefore, when the concentration reaches a certain index, it will exhaust through the exhaust pipe 6. Or it can be exhausted during setting. Part of the pre-stressed concrete wall 7 of the isolation room 5 has high strength, is not easy to be broken, and can withstand terrorist attacks. In addition, the top surface of the oil storage tank 2 can optionally be placed in sea water ( Under the water level, because the height of part of the pre-stressed concrete wall 7 is higher than the maximum wave height, it can prevent the oil from leaking out to the sea (or out of rivers and lakes) and preventing the diffusion through the sea water (fresh water). When in use, the oil is pumped in, the oil 25 is pumped from the oil pipeline 4, the oil storage tank controllable switch 15 and the isolation room controllable switch 9 are turned on, and the sea water (fresh water) 26 is pressed into the sea (in the water) until it is full of oil; In the same way, the oil 25 is pumped away through the oil pipeline 4, and the controllable switch 15 of the oil storage tank and the controllable switch 9 of the isolation room are turned on. At the same time, the water 26 flows from the controllable switch 15 of the oil storage tank to occupy the space of the pumped oil. Makes internal and external pressure balance.

Among them, the capacity ratio of the isolation chamber 5 to the oil storage tank 2 can be regarded as a safety factor for oil leakage, and it may be 2.

Wherein, the balance water 26 of the unit storage room 1 does not use on-site seawater/river water, but uses the pipeline 19 to input the water 26, and the controllable switch 9 of the isolation room 5 is closed.

Among them, when used as a temporary oil storage tank 2, there is no need to consider the long-term settlement of the submarine (underwater) soft soil, only the relative settlement displacement between the oil storage units 1 and the oil pipes can be connected with suitable hoses to be used as temporary storage. Oil. When you need to move elsewhere, you only need to turn off all the oil storage tank controllable switches 15 and isolation room controllable switches 9 near the bottom plate 8, and then drain the water and oil in the isolation room 5 and oil storage tank 2 , The huge buoyancy propped the entire structure to the surface of the water and was towed by a boat to a new sea area (water area) and then reinstalled.

Example 2

Please refer to Figs. 1-8, a further improvement is made on the basis of Embodiment 1: Part of the prestressed concrete wall 7 of the isolation chamber 5 is higher than the designed maximum wave height of the sea area (water area). The purpose of this design is to prevent the huge waves from entering the isolation chamber and fail to discharge from the bottom opening 9 in time so that the waves return to the sea (in the water) from the top and have the opportunity to leak out with oil and prevent them from drifting through the sea (fresh water). The bottom plate 8 is fixed on the sand and gravel layer 16 on the seabed (underwater) through a mortar layer. The purpose of this arrangement is to fix the unit storage chamber 1 and prevent it from moving due to impact. The top cross section of the unit storage chamber 1 is a rectangular cup shape, a circular shape, an oval shape, or other shapes. The shape of the unit storage chamber 1 is not limited and does not affect its oil storage function. A sealing strip 11 is provided on the edge of the bottom end surface of the floating top cover 12. The sealing strip 11 can enhance the sealing performance.

Among them, the top cross section of the unit storage chamber 1 is a square. It is more convenient to place the oil storage tank 2.

In the present invention, the oil storage tank 2 is made of corrosion-resistant coated steel plate or stainless steel or equivalent high-strength and high-performance new materials. Has good corrosion resistance. The oil storage tank 2 is cylindrical and shaped like an umbrella. Control switches 10 are provided on the pipe walls of the two oil pipes 4 and the exhaust pipe 6. In order to facilitate the control of oil and exhaust.

Example 3

Please refer to Figure 9-12. The construction method of a movable subsea (underwater) oil storage with isolation device to prevent the spread of oil leakage includes the following steps:

A. Manufacturing and lifting of isolation room 5: In a suitable dock, the prestressed (reinforced) concrete structure is cast in place. Due to the simple structure of part of the prestressed concrete, the construction speed should not be slow. After completion, close all sea water ( Fresh water) entrance and exit, floating out of the dock.

B. Manufacturing, installation and testing of oil storage tank 2: it can be manufactured in steel products or new material processing plants in blocks, and then transported to the port with a floating crane to help complete the assembly of oil storage tank 2 in isolation room 5 and conduct leakage testing .

C. Work on the seabed (water bed) and set up the sand and gravel layer 16: The installation site cleans the soft soil on the seabed (underwater) until the gravel layer 16 that can carry the entire structure. If the soft soil is very thick, soft soil reinforcement and/or low pile cap pile foundation can be used.

D. Pre-buried: haul the isolation room 5 and the oil storage tank 2 to the on-site alignment position, fill the isolation room 5 with water and sink to the ground. At this time, the oil and moisture diaphragm 13 and the floating roof 12 in the oil storage tank 2 are placed in the storage tank respectively. After the bottom and top of the oil tank 2 are filled with water naturally, the oil is pressed into the oil storage tank.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for It is convenient to describe and simplify the description of the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that the terms "set", "installation", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and restricted. For example, they may be fixed connections or It can be a detachable connection, or an integral connection, a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection, a direct connection, or a connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. And variations, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

A mobile subsea oil storage depot with isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage, including an isolation room (5) and an oil storage tank (2), characterized in that: the isolation room (5) includes a bottom plate (8) and part of prestressed concrete Enclosure wall (7), the partially prestressed concrete enclosure wall (7) is perpendicular to the bottom plate (8) and encloses several unit storage rooms (1) with the bottom plate (8). Part of the isolation room (5) is prestressed A controllable switch (9) of the isolation room is opened at the bottom end of the concrete enclosure wall (7), and several oil storage tanks (2) are installed in the center of the inner cavity of the unit storage room (1). The oil storage tanks (2) are respectively installed in the center of the inner cavity of the unit storage room (1). The top surface of (2) is connected with two oil pipes (4) and an exhaust pipe (6). The adjacent oil storage tanks (2) are connected through the oil pipe (4), and the adjacent exhaust pipes (6) ) Are communicated with each other through the air duct (3), the bottom end of the radial side wall of the oil storage tank (2) is provided with an oil storage tank controllable switch (15), and the isolation chamber controllable switch (9) has a vertical height Lower than the controllable switch (15) of the oil storage tank, a water-permeable plate (18) is welded on the radial side wall of the inner cavity bottom surface of the oil storage tank (2), and the water-permeable plate (18) is located in the oil storage tank Above the controllable switch (15), the bottom end of the permeable plate (18) is equipped with a supporting structure (17) with a pipe interconnection, and the bottom end of the supporting structure (17) is fixedly installed on the oil storage tank (2) The inner cavity of the oil storage tank (2) is provided with an oil-water diaphragm (13) and a floating top cover (12), the floating top cover (12) is located above the oil-water diaphragm (13) .
The mobile subsea oil storage tank with isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the part of the pre-stressed concrete wall (7) of the isolation room (5) is higher than the design of the sea area (water area) Maximum wave height.
The mobile subsea oil storage tank with isolation device to prevent oil leakage from spreading according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom plate (8) is fixed on the sand and gravel layer (16) on the seabed (underwater) through a mortar layer.
The movable subsea oil storage with isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that the top cross section of the unit storage chamber (1) is rectangular cup-shaped or circular or elliptical or other shapes.
The movable subsea oil storage tank with isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage according to claim 4, characterized in that: the top cross section of the unit storage chamber (1) is square.
The mobile subsea oil storage with isolation device to prevent the spread of oil leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil storage tank (2) is made of steel or stainless steel with anti-corrosion coating or made of high-performance and high-strength composite new Material.
The movable submarine oil storage tank with isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil storage tank (2) is cylindrical and shaped like an umbrella.
The mobile subsea oil storage tank with isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two oil pipes (4) and the exhaust pipes (6) are provided with control on the pipe walls. Switch (10).
The movable subsea oil storage tank with isolation device to block the spread of oil leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom edge of the floating roof (12) is provided with a sealing strip (11).
The mobile subsea oil storage tank with isolation device to stop the spread of oil leakage according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:

A. Manufacturing and hoisting of the isolation room (5): In a suitable dock, part of the prestressed (reinforced) concrete structure is cast-in-situ. Because the part of the prestressed concrete structure is simple, the construction speed should not be slow. After completion, close it All sea water (fresh water) entrances and exits are floated out of the dock.

B. Manufacture, installation and inspection of oil storage tank (2): it can be manufactured in blocks in a steel product processing plant, and then transported to the port with a floating crane to help complete the assembly of the oil storage tank (2) in the isolation room (5) and proceed. Leak test.

C. Construction on the seabed (water bed) and set up a sand-gravel layer (16): The installation site cleans the soft soil on the seabed (underwater) until the sand-gravel layer (16) that can carry the entire structure. If the soft soil is very thick, use soft soil reinforcement or subsea (underwater) low pile cap pile foundation or negative pressure suction bucket foundation.

D. Pre-buried: haul the isolation room (5) and the oil storage tank (2) to the on-site alignment position, and pour water into the isolation room (5) to sink to the ground. At this time, the oil and water diaphragm (13) in the oil storage tank (2) ) And the floating top cover (12) are respectively placed on the bottom and top of the oil storage tank (2). After the oil storage tank is naturally filled with water, start to press-in the oil to store the oil.