CN113602694B - Flexible oil storage structure of ceiling formula suitable for open sea island reef - Google Patents
Flexible oil storage structure of ceiling formula suitable for open sea island reef Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/78—Large containers for use in or under water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
- B65D88/1612—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]
- B65D88/1656—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC] for liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Abstract
A ceiling type flexible oil storage structure suitable for an open sea island comprises a flexible oil bag, a binding band, a concrete ceiling, a horizontal anchor chain, a ground anchor, an oil conveying pipe, an oil conveying pipeline and a breakwater, wherein the breakwater is arranged in the open sea and used for reducing power load caused by sea waves to ensure the safety and stability of the structure; the ground anchor is vertically arranged on the seabed between the breakwater and the island reef, the frame of the concrete ceiling is fixedly connected with the ground anchor on the seabed, the binding belt is fixedly arranged on the surface of the flexible oil bag, and the flexible oil bag is fixedly arranged in seawater below the concrete ceiling through the binding belt and the horizontal anchor chain; an oil outlet is arranged above the flexible oil bag, the oil outlet is connected with an oil delivery pipe, the oil delivery pipe is connected with an oil delivery pipeline arranged in the island, and the surface of the island is extended out of the upper portion of the oil delivery pipeline and is provided with an oil filling port and an oil drain valve. The flexible oil bag saves a large amount of land space, fully exerts the advantages of underwater fire prevention, lightning protection, explosion prevention, evaporation prevention and the like, and greatly reduces the economic cost of the construction of matched oil storage facilities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil storage, in particular to a ceiling type flexible oil storage structure suitable for an offshore island reef.
Background
At present, most of oil products in China are stored by oil tanks. The division from the storage territory mainly comprises onshore oil tanks and underwater oil tanks. The land oil tank has the advantages of low investment, quick construction and convenient management and maintenance, but the oil storage tank constructed on the urban ground surface needs to occupy a large amount of land, has high requirement on land space, high construction cost and short service life, and has high operation cost and great danger. Meanwhile, the oil tank needs to resist the internal oil pressure by means of the rigidity of the oil tank, so that the oil can be filled and discharged by external power, and time and labor are wasted; the oil tank has high requirements on materials and very high cost, has the danger of flammability and explosiveness, is greatly influenced by the environment and is not beneficial to maintenance. Uneven settlement of the foundation of the land oil tank can occur, so that the oil tank is damaged, a large amount of oil products are instantly discharged, and the oil tank body is subjected to brittle fracture; even if the oil tank adopts anti-corrosion measures, the corrosion of the oil tank cannot be radically controlled; most importantly, the onshore oil tank is easy to be attacked by military attacks and does not have strategic oil storage significance.
Underwater oil tanks are also built onshore as in many marine structures and are then towed to a predetermined tank location for water filling and sinking. At present, seven forms of storage tanks with annular chassis, inverted disc-shaped storage tanks, double-cylinder concrete underwater storage tanks, vertical reinforced concrete underwater storage tanks with wave-proof walls, ellipsoidal paraboloids, bell-shaped underwater concrete oil tanks, vertical cylindrical marine storage tanks with floating roofs and underwater soft oil tanks are developed. Because of the huge development potential of the coastal space, the coastal and seabed stored crude oil is widely built because of the advantages of small occupied area, safety, environmental protection, large reserve, long service life, accordance with combat readiness and the like, and is valued by developed countries. Compared with a land oil tank, the underwater oil tank is relatively safer, so that fire disasters and thunderstorms are avoided, and land space is greatly saved. Our country has a territorial sea of up to 470 kilometres square, has natural hydrogeological conditions and is technically mature. Therefore, it is completely feasible to build the national strategic reserves of petroleum mainly on the coast and the submarine oil reservoirs.
Although the existing underwater oil storage systems have different forms and various types, most of the existing underwater oil storage systems are still rigid oil tanks. After the underwater rigid oil tank discharges oil, the oil tank is subjected to huge buoyancy and external pressure, and in order to overcome the two problems, the conventional underwater rigid oil tank mostly needs to adopt underwater oil storage modes such as oil-water replacement, oil-water isolation replacement, oil-gas replacement, oil-water equal flow replacement and the like, wherein the oil-water replacement mode is the most common mode, namely that water is introduced into the storage tank when oil is received and sent, the buoyancy and the internal and external pressure of the storage tank are adjusted by utilizing the water communication principle, and the internal and external pressures of the oil tank are balanced when oil is discharged and injected. Water seepage, oil seepage and other phenomena are easy to occur in the oil-water replacement and oil-gas replacement processes, and foreign ions can pollute crude oil to reduce the purity; the seeping oil can be diffused into the seawater to cause pollution. In addition, the rigid oil tank has the problems of high construction cost, high requirements on corrosion resistance, strength, rigidity and durability of the tank body, complex construction, maintenance and management and the like.
At present, key technical researches on underwater oil storage mainly focus on underwater rigid oil storage modes, storage tank forms and structural designs, safety and stability problems of oil storage devices under the action of loads, oil liquid permeation, environmental protection problems and the like, and systematic and deep researches on underwater flexible oil storage devices of inland rivers, lakes and seas are still lacking. The development prospect of the underwater soft oil storage is very wide, and the underwater soft oil storage device has important strategic significance on the research of the underwater flexible oil storage device and key technology thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that aiming at the defects of the existing underwater oil storage, the invention provides a ceiling type flexible oil storage structure suitable for the offshore island, which not only has the advantages of fire and explosion prevention, safety and concealment and land occupation area saving of an underwater rigid oil storage tank, but also can solve the problems of large bearing pressure, high manufacturing cost, high requirements on corrosion resistance, strength and rigidity and durability of the tank body and complex construction, maintenance and management, realize unpowered automatic oil injection and oil discharge, and greatly reduce the economic cost of the construction of matched oil storage facilities.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a ceiling type flexible oil storage structure suitable for an open sea island comprises a flexible oil bag, a binding band, a concrete ceiling, a horizontal anchor chain, a ground anchor, an oil conveying pipe, an oil conveying pipeline and a breakwater, wherein the breakwater is arranged in the open sea and used for reducing power load caused by sea waves to ensure the safety and stability of the structure; the ground anchor is vertically arranged on the seabed between the breakwater and the reef island, the frame of the concrete ceiling is connected with the ground anchor of the seabed in an anchoring manner, the binding belt is fixedly arranged on the surface of the flexible oil bag, and the flexible oil bag is fixedly arranged in seawater below the concrete ceiling through the binding belt and the horizontal anchor chain; an oil outlet is arranged above the flexible oil bag and connected with an oil conveying pipe, the oil conveying pipe is connected with an oil conveying pipeline arranged in the island, and the upper portion of the oil conveying pipeline extends out of the surface of the island and is provided with an oil filling port and an oil discharging valve.
According to the scheme, the concrete ceiling is of a frame arch structure and comprises a plurality of concrete arches, concrete columns and cross beams, the cross beams are connected with the concrete columns, and the concrete arches, the cross beams and the concrete columns are connected to form a grid structure.
According to the scheme, the density of the concrete arch, the concrete columns and the cross beam is designed according to the capacity of the flexible oil bag and the buoyancy requirement of the concrete ceiling in water, the oil delivery pipe penetrates out of the opening interval of the concrete ceiling, and the oil outlet of the flexible oil bag is connected with the oil delivery pipe through the oil delivery pipe.
According to the scheme, the flexible oil bag is connected with a plurality of positions of the concrete ceiling through the binding bands and the horizontal anchor chains.
According to the scheme, the pipe wall of the oil conveying pipe is divided into an inner wall and an outer wall, the inner wall has an isolation effect and has enough water-resisting and anti-permeability capacity and corrosion resistance; the outer wall plays a role in protection and has enough strength, toughness and corrosion resistance; the inner wall is made of butyronitrile oil-resistant rubber tube.
According to the scheme, the flexible oil bag is of a double-layer structure and comprises an outer film and an inner film, wherein the inner film has an isolation effect and has enough water-resisting and anti-permeability capacity and corrosion resistance; the outer film plays a protective role and has enough strength, toughness and corrosion resistance.
According to the scheme, the inner membrane is an HDPE impermeable membrane.
According to the scheme, the height of the oil filling port and the position of the oil discharge valve are related to the underwater placement depth of the flexible oil bag, the oil filling port is lifted to a sufficient height during oil storage, and unpowered automatic oil filling is realized by utilizing the water head difference between the oil filling port and the flexible oil bag; when oil is discharged, the oil filling port is put down, the internal pressure and the external pressure of the flexible oil bag are different due to the specific gravity difference between the oil and the seawater, the oil is automatically pumped to the ground of the island under the action of the pressure of the water outside the flexible oil bag and is discharged along an oil pipeline, and the static pressure automatic oil discharge of the water without a pump is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, by utilizing a hydraulic balance principle, the flexible oil bag is arranged in water, and oil storage is realized by means of the ground anchor, the breakwater and the island reef structure, compared with the existing rigid oil tank, the use of steel and a large amount of land space are saved, the cost and the construction complexity of the oil storage tank are reduced, and meanwhile, the problems of corrosion of the steel in the island environment and inconvenience in transportation of large materials are avoided, the price of the oil storage of the flexible oil bag in the water is much lower than that of other oil storage modes, and the economy of the oil storage tank is fully shown; compared with an underwater rigid body oil tank, the soft body oil tank is less influenced by waves, has stronger corrosion resistance, low construction difficulty of supporting facilities and higher economy, can be used for storing marine island oil and can also be used for storing fuel oil in inland water;
2. compared with the traditional onshore oil storage, the underwater flexible oil bag has the advantages of a common underwater oil storage device, does not need to consider the problem of integral pressure resistance, can realize unpowered oil injection and oil discharge by utilizing the static pressure of the flexible body through controlling the hydraulic pressure difference, and saves energy consumption; the oil injection efficiency is high, the structural strength requirement is low, the manufacturing cost is low, and the construction and maintenance are easy; the underwater oil storage environment can save a large amount of land space, can give full play to the advantages of fire prevention, lightning protection, explosion prevention, evaporation prevention and the like, greatly reduces the economic cost of the construction of matched oil storage facilities, and is safer and more concealed; the capsule body is corrosion resistant, good in impermeability, difficult to overflow and permeate oil liquid, and good in environmental protection; by means of hydraulic pressure and buoyancy, the capsule body and the base load are small, the pressure resistance requirement of the capsule body is low, the ocean amplitude personnel is wide, the underwater oil storage capacity is huge, and the potential of the oil storage capacity is extremely high;
3. according to the invention, the binding bands are arranged on the surface of the flexible oil bag, compared with a common flexible film, the flexible oil bag can be directly connected with the anchor cable through the binding bands, so that the stress area of the film is increased, and the damage caused by stress concentration at the connection part of the flexible film is avoided;
4. the concrete ceiling has the advantages that the self weight of the concrete ceiling can be utilized to offset the buoyancy force borne by the flexible oil bag, and meanwhile, the concrete ceiling plays a role in protection and resists the impact load from the upper part for the flexible oil bag; the most obvious difference between the oil storage structure adopting ceiling connection and the oil storage structure adopting ground anchor connection is that a concrete ceiling is added, a vertical anchor rope directly connecting the flexible oil bag and the binding belt with the seabed ground is cancelled, instead, the horizontal anchor chain for fixing the flexible oil bag on the concrete ceiling through the binding belt is used, and the concrete ceiling is connected with the binding belt arranged on the surface of the flexible oil bag through the anchor rope, so that the film damage caused by friction due to direct contact between the surface of the flexible oil bag and the seabed can be avoided, and the adhesion of seabed organisms can be reduced; because the existence of bandage has increased the lifting surface area for flexible oil pocket surface atress is more dispersed, does benefit to the condition of avoiding appearing local stress concentration and leading to flexible oil pocket to destroy and takes place, fix the concrete ceiling in the seabed originally for the structure provides higher anti lateral stiffness, itself also has certain wave resistance ability, flexible oil pocket through the bandage with concrete ceiling is many places be connected, compare more stability with ground anchor's oil pocket structure, dynamic response also can reduce relatively under the condition of wave action.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an oil injection process of the ceiling-type flexible oil storage structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the oil draining process of the flexible oil storage structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a concrete ceiling of the ceiling-mounted flexible oil storage structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a concrete ceiling of the flexible oil storage structure of the ceiling type of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a concrete ceiling of the flexible oil storage structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of an oil pipeline of the ceiling-type flexible oil storage structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of an oil pipe of the ceiling-type flexible oil storage structure of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-flexible oil bag, 2-binding belt, 3-concrete ceiling, 4-horizontal anchor chain, 5-ground anchor, 6-oil pipeline, 7-oil pipeline, 8-breakwater, 9-oil filling port, 10-oil drainage valve, 11-inner membrane, 12-outer membrane, 13-oil outlet, 14-island reef, 61-inner wall and 62-outer wall.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the ceiling type flexible oil storage structure suitable for the island reef in the open sea provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a flexible oil bag 1, a binding band 2, a concrete ceiling 3, a horizontal anchor chain 4, a ground anchor 5, an oil pipeline 6, an oil pipeline 7 and a breakwater 8, wherein the breakwater 8 is arranged in the open sea and is used for reducing power load caused by sea waves to ensure the safety and stability of the structure; the ground anchor 5 is arranged on the seabed between the breakwater 8 and the island 14, the frame of the concrete ceiling 3 is connected with the ground anchor 5 on the seabed in an anchoring manner, the binding band 2 is fixedly arranged on the surface of the flexible oil bag 1, and the flexible oil bag 1 is fixedly arranged in the seawater below the concrete ceiling 3 through the binding band 2 and the horizontal anchor chain 4; an oil outlet 13 is arranged above the flexible oil bag 1, the oil outlet 13 is connected with an oil delivery pipe 6, the oil delivery pipe 6 is connected with an oil delivery pipeline 7 arranged in an island reef 14, and the top of the oil delivery pipeline 7 stretches out the surface of the island reef 14 and is provided with an oil filling port 9 and an oil discharge valve 10.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the concrete ceiling 3 is a frame arch structure, and includes a plurality of concrete arches, concrete columns, and cross beams, the cross beams are connected to the concrete columns, and the concrete arches, the cross beams, and the concrete columns are connected to form a grid structure. The density arranged among the concrete arch, the concrete columns and the cross beam is designed according to the capacity of the flexible oil bag 1 and the buoyancy requirement of the concrete ceiling 3 actually needed in water. The oil delivery pipe 6 can penetrate through the opening interval (interval of the concrete arch) of the concrete ceiling 3, so that the oil outlet 13 of the flexible oil bag 1 is connected with the oil delivery pipe 7 through the oil delivery pipe 6. The arrangement of the arch columns and the cross beams can be required according to actual needs: the arch columns and the cross beams are arranged too sparsely, so that the self weight of the arch columns and the cross beams is smaller than the buoyancy of the flexible oil bag 1 and the concrete ceiling 3 in water, and the function of balancing the buoyancy borne by the flexible oil bag 1 cannot be achieved; on the contrary, if the arrangement is too dense, a large amount of materials are consumed, and the overall structure is settled at the bottom due to the excessive self weight of the arrangement, so that unnecessary accidents are caused. Therefore, the concrete ceiling 3 should be designed in combination with the capacity of the flexible oil bladder 1.
The flexible oil bag 1 is connected with a plurality of positions of a concrete ceiling 3 through a binding band 2 and a plurality of horizontal anchor chains 4. The frame of the concrete ceiling 3 can be directly anchored on the seabed ground or can be fixed on the seabed ground through a telescopic anchor cable.
As shown in fig. 6-7, the material of the oil pipeline 6 is similar to that of the flexible oil bag, the pipe wall of the oil pipeline 6 is also divided into two layers, namely an inner wall 61 and an outer wall 62, the inner wall 61 has an isolation function and has sufficient water-resisting and anti-permeability capacity and corrosion resistance, so as to prevent the internal oil leakage from polluting the marine environment and prevent the purity of the oil from being reduced due to the penetration of ions outside the flexible oil bag 1; the outer wall 62 has a protective function and has sufficient strength, toughness and corrosion resistance, so that the inner wall 61 is protected from damage under the action of hydraulic pressure and wave pressure; different from the flexible oil bag 1, the material selected for the oil conveying pipe 6 can properly reduce flexibility and improve rigidity, the butyronitrile oil-resistant rubber pipe is selected for the inner wall 61, the butyronitrile oil-resistant rubber pipe has good oil resistance, the long-term use temperature of the butyronitrile oil-resistant rubber pipe can reach 120 ℃, meanwhile, the butyronitrile oil-resistant rubber pipe has good low temperature resistance, the vitrification temperature can reach-55 ℃, the chemical property is stable, the processing property is good, along with the increase of the butyronitrile content, the ductility and the stretchability of the rubber pipe are gradually increased, the rebound resilience and the low temperature resistance can be reduced, but the oil resistance is not influenced, and the oil resistance of the rubber pipe is far greater than those of other materials, such as ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber pipes, silicone pipes and the like.
The flexible oil bag 1 is of a double-layer structure and comprises an outer film 12 and an inner film 11, wherein the inner film 11 plays a role in isolation, has enough water-resisting and anti-permeability capacity and corrosion resistance, and aims to prevent the internal oil leakage from polluting the marine environment and prevent the purity of oil from being reduced due to the penetration of ions outside the bag; the outer film 12 is protective and has sufficient strength and toughness and corrosion resistance to protect the inner film 11 from damage under hydraulic pressure and wave pressure.
In the embodiment, the inner film 11 adopts an HDPE impermeable film for seepage prevention, and the HDPE impermeable film is acid-base resistant and corrosion resistant: can resist corrosion of chemical media such as more than 80 strong acids, strong bases and the like, and has good seepage-proofing performance: water vapor permeability coefficient K is less than or equal to 1.0 multiplied by 10 13 g﹒cm/(cm﹒s﹒Pa)And low temperature resistance: the cold brittleness temperature is-60 to-70 ℃, and the high temperature resistance is as follows: the melting temperature is 110-120 ℃, the comprehensive cost is low, the anti-corrosion and anti-seepage effects are obvious, and no leakage occurs.
The existing land rigid oil storage tank is 50m 3 The price of the double-layer horizontal S/F oil storage tank with the steel lining and the glass fiber reinforced plastic shell is about 6 ten thousand yuan, and oil needs to be collected and discharged by an oil pump, which is 1000m common 2 Estimating the price of a factory building, wherein the total construction cost of projects including civil engineering, water supply and drainage, heating and ventilation and electric appliances is estimated to be 3-5 billion, calculating that each oil tank costs about 6 ten thousand yuan according to the floor area, taking Nanning as an example of the land purchase price, about 1 million yuan per square meter, converting to that each oil tank costs about 50 million yuan, and totaling that each oil tank costs about 62 million yuan; the price of the existing underwater rigid oil storage tank is estimated to be 2-3 times that of a land rigid oil storage tank according to the characteristics of higher requirements on pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, impermeability and the like, and oil is collected and discharged by an oil pump, so that the price of the underwater rigid oil storage tank is still far higher than that of an underwater flexible oil bag even though the cost of land purchase and an oil storage site is saved; the invention adopts the method that the flexible oil bag 1 is arranged in water, the bag body (outer film 12) is made of high-strength corrosion-resistant TPU material, and the volume is 50m 3 The price is about 1 ten thousand yuan, the underwater space is utilized, the construction cost of the soil-free purchase and oil storage site is saved, and the device cost is low.
The specific oil storage process is shown in figure 1, the oil filling port 9 of the oil pipeline 7 is lifted to a sufficient height during oil storage, and unpowered automatic oil filling is realized by utilizing the water head difference between the oil filling port 9 and the flexible oil bag 1; the specific oil discharging process is shown in fig. 2, the oil filling port is put down during oil discharging, at the moment, due to the specific gravity difference between oil and seawater, the internal pressure and the external pressure of the flexible oil bag 1 are different, the oil is automatically pressed and conveyed to the island 14 on the ground under the pressure of water outside the flexible oil bag 1 and is discharged along the oil conveying pipeline 7, static pressure automatic oil discharging of water without a pump is achieved, and energy loss is reduced.
It is noted that the height of the oil filling port 9 and the position of the oil discharge valve 10 are related to the underwater placement depth of the flexible oil bag 1, and according to the hydraulic balance principle, the upper oil pressure is greater than the lower water pressure in the oil filling process, so that the requirement P is met Oil(s) >P Water (W) (ii) a When discharging oil, the upper oil pressure is lower than the lower water pressure, i.e. P Oil <P Water (W) (ii) a In addition to oil pressure and water pressure issues, it is also necessary to consider that the flexible oil bladder 1 is subjected to loads from waves in the sea water. According to the linear wave theory, the elevation of the wave surface at any point p (x, y) in the wave field
According to a liquid pressure calculation formula, considering the effect of wave pressure, the following steps are provided:
during oiling:
when oil is produced:
where h is the velocity potential of the incident wave, ρ Oil Is the density of the stored oil; rho Sea water Is the local seawater density; g is the local standard gravity acceleration; h is the vertical distance from the bottom of the flexible oil bag 1 to the sea level; h is a total of 1 The vertical distance from the oil drain valve 10 to the sea level; h is 2 The vertical distance from the oil discharge valve 10 to the position of the oil filling port 9; z is the wave surface elevation; k is a coefficient related to the wave period; and R is the polar coordinate radius of the selected point in the wave field.
Therefore, the larger the oil-water density difference is, the deeper the position where the flexible oil bag 1 is fixed in the sea is, and the larger the wave pressure of the sea waves is, the higher the required oil injection height is; if the oil injection height is insufficient, the oil pressure is less than or equal to the water pressure and the wave pressure, and the oil injection work cannot be carried out; however, the height of the oil transportation tower should not be too high, otherwise the oil is difficult to transport to the oil filling opening 9, and the work is more time-consuming and labor-consuming.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a flexible oil storage structure of ceiling formula suitable for open sea island reef which characterized in that: the sea wave preventing device comprises a flexible oil bag, a binding band, a concrete ceiling, a horizontal anchor chain, a ground anchor, an oil pipeline and a breakwater, wherein the breakwater is arranged in the open sea and used for reducing power load caused by sea waves to ensure the safety and stability of the structure; the ground anchor is vertically arranged on the seabed between the breakwater and the island reef, the frame of the concrete ceiling is connected with the ground anchor on the seabed in an anchoring manner, the binding band is fixedly arranged on the surface of the flexible oil bag, and the flexible oil bag is fixedly arranged in seawater below the concrete ceiling through the binding band and the horizontal anchor chain; an oil outlet is arranged above the flexible oil bag and connected with an oil conveying pipe, the oil conveying pipe is connected with an oil conveying pipeline arranged in the island, and the upper portion of the oil conveying pipeline extends out of the surface of the island and is provided with an oil filling port and an oil discharging valve.
2. The flexible oil storage structure of claim 1, wherein the flexible oil storage structure comprises: the concrete ceiling is of a frame arch structure and comprises a concrete arch, concrete columns and cross beams, the concrete columns are arranged in a plurality of numbers, the cross beams are connected with the concrete columns, and the concrete arch, the cross beams and the concrete columns are connected to form a grid structure.
3. The flexible oil storage structure of claim 2, wherein the flexible oil storage structure comprises: the density of the concrete arch, the concrete columns and the cross beam is designed according to the capacity of the flexible oil bag and the buoyancy requirement of the concrete ceiling in water, the oil delivery pipe penetrates out of the opening interval of the concrete ceiling, and the oil outlet of the flexible oil bag is connected with the oil delivery pipe through the oil delivery pipe.
4. The flexible oil storage structure of claim 1, wherein the flexible oil storage structure comprises: the flexible oil bag is connected with a plurality of positions of the concrete ceiling through binding bands and a plurality of horizontal anchor chains.
5. The flexible oil storage structure of claim 1, wherein the flexible oil storage structure comprises: the pipe wall of the oil conveying pipe is divided into an inner wall and an outer wall, the inner wall has an isolation effect and has enough water-resisting and anti-permeability capacity and corrosion resistance; the outer wall plays a role in protection and has enough strength, toughness and corrosion resistance; the inner wall is made of butyronitrile oil-resistant rubber tube.
6. The flexible oil storage structure of claim 1, wherein the flexible oil storage structure comprises: the flexible oil bag is of a double-layer structure and comprises an outer film and an inner film, and the inner film has an isolation effect and has sufficient water-resisting and anti-permeability capacity and corrosion resistance; the outer film plays a protective role and has enough strength, toughness and corrosion resistance.
7. The flexible oil storage structure of claim 6, wherein the flexible oil storage structure comprises: the inner membrane is made of an HDPE impermeable membrane.
8. The flexible oil storage structure of claim 1, wherein the flexible oil storage structure comprises: the height of the oil filling port and the position of the oil discharge valve are related to the underwater placement depth of the flexible oil bag, the oil filling port is lifted to a sufficient height during oil storage, and unpowered automatic oil filling is realized by utilizing the water head difference between the oil filling port and the flexible oil bag; the oil filling port is put down during oil discharging, the internal pressure and the external pressure of the flexible oil bag are different due to the specific gravity difference between oil and seawater, the oil is automatically pumped to the island surface under the pressure of water outside the flexible oil bag and is discharged along an oil pipeline, and static pressure automatic oil discharging of water without a pump is realized.
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3837310A (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1974-09-24 | Mitsui Shipbuildling And Eng C | Underwater oil storage |
| US4232983A (en) * | 1978-12-07 | 1980-11-11 | Sidney F. Cook | Offshore submarine storage facility for highly chilled liquified gases |
| CN101648633B (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2011-05-18 | 天津大学 | Oil storage device adapted for high pressure environment in the deep sea and installation method and oil storage method |
| GB201011445D0 (en) * | 2010-07-07 | 2010-08-25 | Kirkby Alan D | Underwater oil and gas collection system |
| CN102491020B (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-12-25 | 浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心 | Barrel type oil storage device |
| EP3653535A1 (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2020-05-20 | Seatools B.V. | Subsea storage tank |
| CN211832415U (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-11-03 | 大连海洋大学 | Marine multi-functional integrated seedling culture net cage |
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