WO2021140121A1 - Tests non destructifs de matériaux - Google Patents

Tests non destructifs de matériaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021140121A1
WO2021140121A1 PCT/EP2021/050131 EP2021050131W WO2021140121A1 WO 2021140121 A1 WO2021140121 A1 WO 2021140121A1 EP 2021050131 W EP2021050131 W EP 2021050131W WO 2021140121 A1 WO2021140121 A1 WO 2021140121A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bodies
ultrasound
transmitter
receiver
divided
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/050131
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stephan Falter
Original Assignee
Rosen Swiss Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosen Swiss Ag filed Critical Rosen Swiss Ag
Priority to CN202180013694.0A priority Critical patent/CN115066607A/zh
Priority to KR1020227026265A priority patent/KR20220120672A/ko
Priority to EP21700116.3A priority patent/EP4088109A1/fr
Publication of WO2021140121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021140121A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • G01N29/043Analysing solids in the interior, e.g. by shear waves
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04Analysing solids
    • G01N29/06Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
    • G01N29/0654Imaging
    • G01N29/0663Imaging by acoustic holography
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/24Probes
    • G01N29/2487Directing probes, e.g. angle probes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/26Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
    • G01N29/262Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by electronic orientation or focusing, e.g. with phased arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023Solids
    • G01N2291/0234Metals, e.g. steel
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/04Wave modes and trajectories
    • G01N2291/044Internal reflections (echoes), e.g. on walls or defects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/10Number of transducers
    • G01N2291/106Number of transducers one or more transducer arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/26Scanned objects
    • G01N2291/263Surfaces
    • G01N2291/2632Surfaces flat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transmitter-receiver test head system (SE test head system) for a device for non-destructive testing of materials.
  • SE test head system transmitter-receiver test head system
  • the present invention also relates to a device for non-destructive testing of materials.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for non-destructive testing of materials.
  • the present invention also relates to a computer program in accordance with the aforementioned method, a data carrier signal for transmitting the aforementioned computer program and a computer-readable medium which causes a computer to carry out the aforementioned method.
  • a sheet metal test is carried out using ultrasound. Testing using ultrasound is an acoustic method for finding material defects using ultrasound and is one of the non-destructive testing methods.
  • the system is intended for a device for non-destructive testing of materials, in particular for testing sheet metal.
  • the system has: a transmitter body with an ultrasound exit surface, configured to emit ultrasound onto a sheet metal, and a receiver body with an ultrasound entry surface, configured to receive ultrasound that is reflected on the sheet metal, and the transmitter body and the receiver body each in several Partial bodies are divided.
  • the system can comprise several test heads or be formed in one piece from one test head.
  • two angle test heads can be used, which together form the transmitter-receiver test head system.
  • the sub-bodies of the transmitter body each emit ultrasound.
  • the partial bodies of the receiver body each receive ultrasound.
  • the sub-bodies are accordingly functionally independent units of the transmitter body / receiver body that they jointly form.
  • the invention also relates to a device for non-destructive testing of materials, in particular for testing metal sheets, which has at least one SE test head system.
  • the device can be adapted to the workpiece to be tested. For example, clamping devices for clamping the workpiece are conceivable.
  • a storage system or a transport system for the workpiece to be tested can also be part of the device.
  • the invention also relates to a method for non-destructive testing of materials, in particular for testing metal sheets. The method is carried out in particular with an SE probe system.
  • the method has the following method steps: Radiation of ultrasound, via several partial-body ultrasound exit surfaces of a transmitter body, onto a sheet metal; Receipt of ultrasound reflected on the sheet metal via several partial-body ultrasound entry surfaces of a receiver body.
  • the method preferably has method steps corresponding to features of an SE test head according to at least one of the modified embodiments described below.
  • sequence of process steps can be varied, unless technically required in an explicit sequence. However, the aforementioned sequence of process steps is particularly preferred.
  • a computer-readable storage medium for carrying out the method according to the invention or one of the advantageous refinements of the method is also specified.
  • the basic idea of the invention and individual aspects of the claimed subject matter of the invention are explained below and preferred modified embodiments of the invention are described further below. Explanations, in particular regarding advantages and definitions of features, are basically descriptive and preferred, but not limiting, examples. If an explanation is limiting, this is expressly mentioned.
  • the basic idea of the present invention is to form both the transmitter body and the receiver body in several sub-bodies. It has surprisingly been found here that a test sensitivity can be increased considerably as a result.
  • the transmitter body and the receiver body are each referred to as an oscillator, in which case the individual sub-bodies are each sub-oscillator.
  • the sub-body division and thus the provision of a large number of active elements both on the transmitter and on the receiver side has the advantage that even smaller imperfections in materials can be detected and localized than before.
  • the measurement results are more reproducible than with previously known methods.
  • the SE probe system enables sheet metal as part of workpieces and components to be tested non-destructively.
  • the components can be pipes or fuselage parts of aircraft.
  • the SE probe system enables sheet metal to be tested with a close-up resolution in a range from 0.9 mm to 15 mm. A higher test sensitivity corresponding to a circular disc reflector with a diameter of 1 mm to 2 mm is also achieved.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for the use of phased radiation technology.
  • the respective partial bodies are excited individually as elements of the transmitter body, e.g. B. to generate each beam.
  • the partial bodies can be excited differently, in particular excited in such a way that generated beam bundles are pivoted or focused.
  • the invention is suitable for testing corrosion in tank bottoms and pipes.
  • Workpieces / sheets can be checked for inclusions. Additions change absorption, transmission, reflection or other physical properties on the workpiece to be tested. You can add z. B. Material is missing such as cracks, inclusions, pores, cavities, doublings or other discontinuities in the structure. It can also be z. B. be a duplication error in depth.
  • the sub-bodies of the transmitter body / the receiver body can each have the same size ultrasound exit / entry area or with different sizes Ultrasound exit / entry surface be designed. Mixed solutions are also conceivable in which some of the sub-bodies are configured with ultrasound exit / entry surfaces of the same size and some of the sub-bodies are configured with different-size ultrasound exit / entry areas per transmitter body / receiver body. It is particularly preferred that the ultrasound exit / entry surfaces of all partial bodies are designed to be the same size, which advantageously simplifies control and evaluation. Depending on the desired resolution, differently sized ultrasonic exit / entry areas can be advantageous.
  • the test head system can also have a plurality of partial bodies arranged at a distance from one another on its transmitter body / receiver body.
  • the transmitter body / receiver body can also be designed to be of different sizes.
  • the SE test head system has a different number of transmitter bodies and receiver bodies.
  • the number of receiver bodies is particularly preferably greater than the number of transmitter bodies. This advantageously allows an area to be enlarged within which the system detects defects in the workpiece to be tested.
  • An SE probe system is such a system consisting of a transmitter body and a receiver body separate from it, which are arranged at an angle to one another. The angle is used to ensure that the transmit and receive beams form an overlapping area.
  • the ultrasound 1 exit surface of the transmitter body is accordingly not in a common plane as the ultrasound entry surface of the receiver body.
  • the transmitter body and the receiver body are arranged in such a way that they enclose an obtuse angle.
  • the ultrasound exit surface of the transmitter body and the ultrasound entry surface of the receiver body are arranged in such a way that they enclose an obtuse angle.
  • This obtuse angle is also known as the roof angle.
  • the two transmitter / receiver bodies designed as oscillators are inclined by the obtuse angle (roof angle) with respect to the normal or parting plane.
  • the roof angle inclined leading sections of the length are glued under the transducer, which results in the maximum sensitivity in a given depth range.
  • an SE probe system includes wedges on which the transducers are attached.
  • the wedges are lead lines that z. B. made of sound-conducting plastics such as polymethyl methacrylate (abbreviated: PMMA) or polystyrene (abbreviated: PS).
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PS polystyrene
  • the thickness of the matching layer can correspond to a quarter wavelength of the probe system. It is used in particular to adapt an impedance and optimal sound transmission between the transducer and the flow on the transmitter and receiver side.
  • the near-field resolution can be varied over a wide range by choosing the roof angle, the distance between the transmitter and the receiver and the length of the leading wedge.
  • the receiver body and / or the transmitter body are cuboid. It is particularly preferred that the transmitter and / or receiver body form a cuboid which has three pairs on surfaces of the same size.
  • an axis is defined as the longitudinal axis that lies in the plane of the ultrasound entry or exit surface and is parallel to the longer sides of the rectangular ultrasonic entrance or exit surface extends.
  • the SE probe system is designed as a broad beam probe.
  • the transverse direction corresponds to a direction which, starting from the transmitter body, points to the receiver body or, conversely, points from the receiver body to the transmitter body.
  • the longitudinal direction corresponds to a direction that is transverse to the transverse direction.
  • the longitudinal direction can correspond to a direction of the greatest extent of the ultrasound entry surface of the receiver body or the exit surface of the transmitter body, d. H. in the direction of the longitudinal axis, d. H. point parallel to the longitudinal axis, the transmitter body or the receiver body.
  • the transverse direction can correspond to a direction perpendicular to the greatest extent of the ultrasound entry or exit surface and, in particular, point orthogonally to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the transmitter body or the receiver body.
  • the receiver body is divided into several sub-bodies in the transverse direction, in particular transversely to its longitudinal axis, and / or the transmitter body is divided into several sub-bodies in the transverse direction, in particular transversely to its longitudinal axis.
  • the receiver body is divided into a plurality of sub-bodies transversely to its longitudinal axis.
  • a division in the transverse direction improves the resolution of the probe system.
  • a division of the receiver body favors an improved lateral test resolution, in particular in the transverse direction.
  • a design of the receiver body in the transverse direction with several sub-bodies increases the resolution in the transverse direction by considering groups of sub-elements which can also overlap.
  • receiver bodies also known as virtual receiver bodies
  • data from such receiver bodies can be evaluated in parallel and therefore quickly.
  • a testable depth range in the sheet metal is expanded.
  • the reproducibility of the measurements is also further improved and smaller errors can be found.
  • the receiver body in the longitudinal direction, in particular along its longitudinal axis, in several Partial body is divided and / or the transmitter body in the longitudinal direction, in particular along its longitudinal axis, is divided into a plurality of partial bodies.
  • the transmitter body is divided into several sub-bodies parallel to its longitudinal axis.
  • a configuration of the transmitter body in the longitudinal direction with several sub-bodies increases the near resolution and the far resolution due to the controllable depth effect.
  • the receiver body is divided transversely, in particular orthogonally, to a partial body division of the transmitter body into several partial bodies.
  • the transmitter body is divided into a plurality of sub-bodies longitudinally, in particular parallel to its longitudinal axis; and wherein the receiver body is divided into several sub-bodies transversely, in particular orthogonally, to its longitudinal axis.
  • This allows better near and far resolution, e.g. B. be achieved with a variation of an acoustic angle.
  • a test area is also being expanded. If the test head system is designed as a phased array, a test plan can be used to examine the sheet metal, with which the sheet metal is examined.
  • This modified embodiment can also advantageously achieve improved receiver overlap, which enables improved test homogeneity.
  • testing is carried out over the entire length of the test head system in small, overlapping groups of several receiver body sub-bodies smaller than a total number of elements of the receiver body sub-bodies. This increases the sensitivity with a large test track.
  • the transmitter body is divided into several strip-shaped partial bodies along a longitudinal direction; and the receiver body is divided into a plurality of strip-shaped partial bodies transversely to a longitudinal direction.
  • the ultrasound exit surfaces of the transmitter body are strip-shaped, that is to say elongated, and the ultrasound entry surfaces of the receiver body are strip-shaped, that is to say elongated.
  • the strip-shaped sub-bodies of the receiver body extend along the entire transverse direction of extent of the receiver body and the strip-shaped sub-bodies of the transmitter body extend along the entire longitudinal direction of the transmitter body. This enhances the advantageous effects of the two modified embodiments described above.
  • the transmitter body is designed to pivot the transmitter beam angle.
  • the phased array technique is used here. This makes testing in several zones of the workpiece advantageous.
  • a width of a partial body of the receiver body in the longitudinal direction, in particular in the direction of its longitudinal axis, is greater than a width of a partial body of the transmitter body in the transverse direction, in particular transversely to its longitudinal axis. It is particularly preferred that all partial bodies of the receiver body have the same width.
  • the SE probe system has a control unit which is designed to control the receiver body, in particular individual partial bodies of the receiver body, for dynamic depth focusing.
  • the individual sub-bodies can be addressed separately by the control unit.
  • the measurement can thus be adapted to adapt to expected defects / existing dimensions in the workpiece to be tested.
  • the SE test head system has a control unit which is designed to control the receiver body, in particular individual partial bodies of the receiver body, to one dynamic apodization.
  • Apodization ie weighting on individual sub-bodies, can take place, for example, in the form of targeted addressing of sub-bodies of the receiver body. This also benefits a targeted adaptation of the measuring method with the SE probe system to the properties of the workpiece.
  • Delay characteristics can be adjusted dynamically.
  • the SE test head system has a control unit which is designed to control the transmitter body, in particular individual sub-bodies of the transmitter body, for dynamic apodization.
  • An apodization i.e. H. Weighting on individual sub-bodies can take place, for example, in the form of targeted addressing of sub-bodies of the transmitter body. This also benefits a targeted adaptation of the measuring method with the SE probe system to the properties of the workpiece.
  • the SE probe system has a control unit which is designed to control the transmitter body, in particular individual sub-bodies of the transmitter body, to generate holographic sound fields.
  • Holographic sound fields can be generated, for example, by specifically addressing partial bodies of the transmitter body with suitable transmitter types. Holographic sound fields advantageously make it possible to increase the test speed, in particular in combination with a paint-Bmsh method.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the system according to a preferred one
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation to illustrate the mode of operation of the system according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method according to a preferred one
  • FIG. 1 shows a transmitter-receiver test head system (SE test head system) 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the system 1 has a transmitter body 2 and a receiver body 3.
  • the transmitter body 2 and the receiver body 3 are each connected to a base body 4 which is divided into two part bodies 4a, 4b by a separating layer 5.
  • the base body 4 has a material that is permeable to ultrasound.
  • the separating layer 5, on the other hand, is designed as an acoustic barrier.
  • the transmitter body 2 and the receiver body 3 are cuboid, each with rectangular ultrasound exit and entry surfaces (not visible), via which the transmitter and the receiver body bear against the base body 4.
  • the transmitter body 2 is divided into several sub-bodies, hereinafter referred to as the transmitter sub-body 2a.
  • the receiver body 3 is divided into several partial bodies, hereinafter referred to as the receiver partial body 3a.
  • the transmitter body 2 is divided into the partial bodies along its longitudinal axis.
  • the receiver body 3 is divided into the partial bodies perpendicular to its longitudinal axis.
  • the two longitudinal axes have a common direction of extent which runs parallel to the arrow X in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation to illustrate the mode of operation of the system 1 according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • an area B1 is shown for possible beam courses of beams which are transmitted by the transmitter body 2.
  • an area B2 is shown for possible beam courses of beams which are received by the receiver body 3.
  • the SE test head system 1 can detect defects on a body to be tested (not shown).
  • the test head system 1 can be operated with a phased array (PA) electronics according to the state of the art.
  • PA phased array
  • a combination of PA electronics with dynamic depth focusing is also possible, in particular on the receiver side, i.e. H. with the receiver body 3, possible.
  • Dynamic apodization is also conceivable on the receiver side.
  • the use of holographic sound fields on the transmitter side is also conceivable, i. H. at the transmitter body 2.
  • the SE test head system 1 is suitable for testing heavy plates in a thickness range from 5 mm to 120 mm.
  • the heavy plate test is carried out, for example, in compliance with the ISO 12094: 1994, ISO 10893-9: 2011 or ISO 17577: 2016 standards, which are only mentioned as examples.
  • the SE test head system 1 can, for example, be moved in a meandering shape over the sheet to be tested.
  • One or more SE probe systems 1 can be used here.
  • a sheet metal can also be used in a system as part of the material flow, e.g. B. be checked within a production line.
  • the SE test head system 1 can be designed as a broad-beam test head in which one transmitter body 2 and four receiver bodies 3 are used.
  • the SE test head system 1 can be designed in such a way that a test width, ie a width of a workpiece that can be checked with a measuring process, of 50 mm is achieved.
  • the signals of the individual probe systems 1 can be processed in parallel and z. B. be transmitted to an evaluation computer via a TCP / IP connection.
  • the data evaluation can be carried out using known methods.
  • the size of defects can be determined on the basis of the DIN EN ISO 16827: 2014-06 standard.
  • the SE probe system 1 can be operated at a frequency of, for example, 5 MHz.
  • the extent of a defect can be determined, for example, using the following criteria:
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of a method according to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the method has a method step “100”, the emission of ultrasound, over several part-body ultrasound exit surfaces of a transmitter body 2, on a sheet, as well as a method step “200” of receiving ultrasound reflected on the sheet, via several part-body ultrasound entry surfaces Receiver body 3.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de système de sonde d'émetteur-récepteur destiné à un dispositif de test de matériaux, comportant un élément émetteur à face de sortie ultrasonore, conçu pour émettre des ultrasons jusqu'à une feuille métallique, et un élément récepteur à face d'entrée ultrasonore, conçu pour recevoir des ultrasons réfléchis par la feuille métallique, l'élément émetteur et l'élément récepteur se divisant chacun en plusieurs sous-éléments. La présente invention concerne également un dispositif comprenant le système. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de test de feuilles métalliques, comprenant les étapes suivantes de procédé, qui consistent : à émettre des ultrasons (100) par l'intermédiaire de multiples faces de sortie ultrasonore de sous-éléments d'un élément émetteur vers une feuille métallique ; et à recevoir des ultrasons (200) réfléchis par la feuille métallique par l'intermédiaire de multiples faces d'entrée ultrasonore de sous-éléments d'un élément récepteur. L'invention concerne également un programme informatique, un support lisible par ordinateur et un signal de données.
PCT/EP2021/050131 2020-01-06 2021-01-06 Tests non destructifs de matériaux WO2021140121A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202180013694.0A CN115066607A (zh) 2020-01-06 2021-01-06 无损材料检测
KR1020227026265A KR20220120672A (ko) 2020-01-06 2021-01-06 비파괴 재료 시험
EP21700116.3A EP4088109A1 (fr) 2020-01-06 2021-01-06 Tests non destructifs de matériaux

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2020/5002 2020-01-06
BE20205002A BE1027960B1 (de) 2020-01-06 2020-01-06 Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021140121A1 true WO2021140121A1 (fr) 2021-07-15

Family

ID=69191831

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2021/050131 WO2021140121A1 (fr) 2020-01-06 2021-01-06 Tests non destructifs de matériaux

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4088109A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20220120672A (fr)
CN (1) CN115066607A (fr)
BE (1) BE1027960B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021140121A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0268818A1 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-06-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour l'émission et la réception de signaux ultrasonores
EP0899025A1 (fr) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sonde-transducteur à ultrason et procédé de son operation
WO2008091151A1 (fr) * 2007-01-26 2008-07-31 Röntgen Technische Dienst B.V. Technique améliorée et transducteur en réseau en phase pour un examen ultrasonique de soudures anisotropes à texture grossière

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0268818A1 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-06-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour l'émission et la réception de signaux ultrasonores
EP0899025A1 (fr) * 1997-08-27 1999-03-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Sonde-transducteur à ultrason et procédé de son operation
WO2008091151A1 (fr) * 2007-01-26 2008-07-31 Röntgen Technische Dienst B.V. Technique améliorée et transducteur en réseau en phase pour un examen ultrasonique de soudures anisotropes à texture grossière

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20220120672A (ko) 2022-08-30
EP4088109A1 (fr) 2022-11-16
CN115066607A (zh) 2022-09-16
BE1027960B1 (de) 2021-08-05
BE1027960A1 (de) 2021-07-30

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