WO2021136236A1 - 光学系统和车辆 - Google Patents

光学系统和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021136236A1
WO2021136236A1 PCT/CN2020/140682 CN2020140682W WO2021136236A1 WO 2021136236 A1 WO2021136236 A1 WO 2021136236A1 CN 2020140682 W CN2020140682 W CN 2020140682W WO 2021136236 A1 WO2021136236 A1 WO 2021136236A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
light guide
optical system
guide member
section
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PCT/CN2020/140682
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
倪泽斌
史新刚
Original Assignee
市光法雷奥（佛山）汽车照明系统有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202020014341.5U external-priority patent/CN211345145U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010008207.9A external-priority patent/CN113074352A/zh
Application filed by 市光法雷奥（佛山）汽车照明系统有限公司 filed Critical 市光法雷奥（佛山）汽车照明系统有限公司
Publication of WO2021136236A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021136236A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/24—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical system for use in vehicles, especially motor vehicles.
  • the invention also relates to a vehicle having the above-mentioned optical system.
  • Light guides are increasingly used in vehicles, especially in vehicle lights, to guide the light from the light source and make the light exit at a desired position.
  • the light guide can also make the light emitting area present various shapes to match the shape of the entire vehicle.
  • the light guide is usually equipped with multiple light sources.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical system that can at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • an optical system which is used in a vehicle and has a light source and a light guide assembly.
  • the light guide assembly includes a first light guide member and a second light guide member.
  • the first light guide member has a first light entrance portion facing the light source and Away from the first light emitting part of the light source
  • the second light guide member has a second light incident part facing the first light guide member, wherein the second light incident part has teeth, and each tooth will come from the light source and be guided by the first light guide member The light is convergently guided into the second light guide member.
  • the optical system of the present invention compared to the case where the light incident part of the conventional light guide is not processed, for example, the light incident part is flat, and the light is convergently guided to the corresponding light guide member through the set teeth. As a result, better light mixing can be achieved across the width of the light guide member, and a more uniform lighting effect can be achieved across the length of the light guide member.
  • the first light incident part converges light in a first direction
  • the first light exit part causes light to diverge in a second direction.
  • the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the light source.
  • the light source is, for example, a point light source or can be regarded as a point light source
  • the light emitted by the light source is a conical beam
  • the light is adjusted in two directions through the first light guide member, which is beneficial to as much light as possible. Evenly reach the second light guide member.
  • the first light incident portion has a tooth-shaped cross section, and each tooth can deflect light, thereby changing the propagation direction of the light.
  • the first light incident part has a rotationally symmetric structure.
  • the first light emitting portion is a semi-cylindrical surface.
  • the first light-emitting portion has a cross-section formed by a plurality of arc-shaped sections, for example, a cross-section in a half-"8" shape. This is conducive to the uniform diffusion of light. Other shapes of the first light emitting part are also feasible.
  • the second light guide member is composed of at least one light guide unit, preferably a rod-shaped light guide unit.
  • the light guide units are arranged side by side with each other, and the ends of the light guide units are formed in combination The second light incident part.
  • the light guide units may be arranged adjacent to each other, or connected to each other through a bridge portion.
  • the rod-shaped light guide unit may have a circular cross-section like a commonly used light guide rod, and be provided with a light decoupling structure to destroy the total reflection condition of the light in the light guide unit, so that the light can be separated from the light decoupling structure The opposite side shoots out.
  • the light decoupling structure is also called an optical tooth, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the light guide unit.
  • the tooth portion is provided on the end side of each light guide unit, that is, the end side facing the first light guide member.
  • the diameter of the light guide unit is usually between 8-12 mm.
  • the end side of each light guide unit is provided with 2 to 5 teeth, preferably three teeth.
  • the light guide units can also have any suitable number of different teeth.
  • the middle tooth part of the tooth parts of the light guide unit of the second light guide member is in the form of a convex surface, such as a cylindrical convex surface sheet, and the tooth parts on both sides have a light coupling-in surface and a light reflecting surface.
  • a convex surface such as a cylindrical convex surface sheet
  • the tooth parts on both sides have a light coupling-in surface and a light reflecting surface.
  • the second light guide member has a light mixing section and a light exit section, and light entering the second light guide member is condensed in the light mixing section.
  • the light diverges again after converging, thereby achieving a good light mixing effect.
  • the length of the light mixing section can be shortened, thereby increasing the effective utilization rate of the light guide member.
  • the light guide units can be separated from each other in the light exit section. This can achieve richer shapes.
  • the light guide unit can be branched into two parts at the light exit section, and they have different extension directions.
  • the light guide units are spaced apart in the light exit section, which can light up a wider width.
  • the object of the present invention is also to provide a vehicle having the above-mentioned optical system.
  • Figure 1 partially shows a schematic illustration of an optical system according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a top view of the optical system of Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 shows an illustration of the section A-A of the optical system of Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial section of the optical system 1 according to the present invention, specifically, shows a section of the light incident portion of the optical system 1.
  • the optical system 1 has a light source 2 and a light guide assembly including a first light guide member 10 and a second light guide member 20.
  • Light guide member can be understood as a member that guides light, that is, light can propagate in the member, and if necessary, the light guide member can also change the direction of light propagation, especially at the light entrance part and/or light exit part of the light guide member. Place. To this end, the light guide member may have a specific geometric structure. This will be explained further below.
  • the first light guide member 10 has a first light entrance portion 11 facing the light source 2 and a first light exit portion 12 facing away from the light source 2, and the second light guide member 20 has a second light entrance portion 21 facing the first light guide member 10.
  • the second light guide member of the optical system 1 has a given length, width, and thickness.
  • a Cartesian coordinate system is introduced in the drawings, wherein the X direction is the longitudinal extension direction of the second light guide member, the Y direction is the width direction, and the Z direction is the thickness direction.
  • the second light guide member does not necessarily extend straight, and may have a curved direction.
  • the light source 2 is preferably a light emitting diode, which can be approximately regarded as a point light source. Therefore, the light beam emitted by the light source 2 has a cone shape, that is, the light beam has a beam angle centered on the light source, which is, for example, 120°. Due to the limitation of the beam angle, if a light source is required to illuminate a wide light guide member, the distance between the light source and the end surface of the light guide member is relatively large, otherwise the light reaching both sides of the related light guide member will be caused especially at the starting end of the light guide member. The intensity of is lower than the light intensity in the central part, so that an uneven lighting effect appears on at least part of the length of the light guide member.
  • the first light incident portion 11 of the first light guide member 10 faces the light source 2.
  • the first light incident portion 11 has a tooth-shaped cross section.
  • the first light incident portion is formed by rotating the tooth-shaped cross section around an unshown rotation axis, for example, by 180 degrees. Therefore, the first light incident portion 11 is a rotating structure, which has a plurality of semi-annular teeth.
  • the light source can be located at the axis of rotation.
  • the first light-incident portion 11 has a first protrusion 13 in the center and second protrusions 14 located on both sides of the first protrusion 13.
  • the number of the second protrusions can be set as required, as long as the light emitted by the light source All of them can be received by the first light-incident part.
  • the first light-incident part has a strong deflection effect on light in the first direction, that is, the Z direction. Specifically, the light is deflected toward a plane perpendicular to the Z direction and where the optical axis is located. The deflection in other directions is relatively weak. Fig.
  • FIG. 3 shows a light path diagram of a section AA passing through the central part of the optical system, where the part of the light from the light source 2 at the center of the beam angle reaches the first protrusion 13, which directly condenses the light, Even if the divergent light beam is deflected toward the optical axis; and the relatively outer part of the beam angle reaches the second protrusions 14 on both sides, the light entering the second protrusion is reflected by the outer light toward the optical axis reflection.
  • the first light emitting portion 12 of the first light guide member 10 is a semi-cylindrical surface.
  • “Semi-cylindrical” can be understood as one of the two halves divided by a plane passing through the centerline of the entire cylindrical surface. For example, if the cylindrical surface has a 360° circular circumferential extension, the semi-cylindrical surface has 180°. Extension.
  • the first light emitting portion 12 has a strong deflection effect on light in the second direction, that is, the Y direction. Specifically, the light diverges away from the optical axis, while the deflection effect in other directions is relatively Weaker. This can be seen particularly well in the light path of FIG. 2.
  • the cross section of the first light emitting portion 12 may be composed of one or more arc-shaped sections.
  • the first light-emitting portion 12 has a half-"8"-shaped cross section.
  • the light emitted from the light source reaches the second light guide member so as to converge in the Z direction toward the location FZ through the first light guide member and diffuse in the Y direction.
  • the second light guide member 20 is provided with a plurality of teeth at its second light incident portion 21 facing the first light guide member 10, which convergently guides the arriving light into the second light guide member 20.
  • each tooth part corresponds to a converging part.
  • the second light guide member 20 is composed of light guide units 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, where the number is 5, and of course other numbers of light guide units can be provided. These light guide units are arranged side by side adjacent to each other at least at the second light incident portion 21. Except for the structure of the light incident end, the structure of a single light guide unit is similar to a conventional long rod-shaped light guide rod, that is, it has a circular cross-section, and has a light mixing section and a light emitting section. A light decoupling structure, such as optical teeth 35, 45, 55, 65, 75 is provided to destroy the total reflection condition of the light, so that the light can leave the light-emitting section.
  • the light mixing section of the light guide unit forms the light mixing section 23 of the second light guide member 20. For the light mixing section 23, its cross section can be regarded as a plurality of circles (here 5) with overlapping regions. form.
  • each light guide unit 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 is provided with three teeth 32a, 32b, 32c, 42a, 42b on the corresponding light incident side 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, respectively , 42c, 52a, 52b, 52c, 62a, 62b, 62c, 72a, 72b, 72c.
  • the individual teeth can be different from each other.
  • the teeth 52a, 52b, and 52c of the light guide unit 50 in the center have convex surfaces, which directly converge the arriving light rays. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the teeth 52a converge the light in the light mixing section in the Y direction. At part FY1 in 23, the other teeth also have their own light converging parts.
  • the teeth 32a, 32b, 32c, 72a, 72b, 72c of the light guide units 30, 70 away from the light guide unit 50 have a light coupling-in surface and a light reflecting surface.
  • 2 illustrates the optical path of the light reaching the tooth 72c, that is, the light reaching the tooth 72c enters the light guide unit 70 through the light coupling surface 72i, continues to propagate to the light reflecting surface 72r, and passes through the light reflection. After reflection, the surface 72r converges at the position FY2 in the light mixing section 23.
  • each tooth also has its own light converging part.
  • the light guide units 40, 60 located between the centered light guide unit 50 and the outer light guide units 30, 70 may have convex tooth portions 42c, 62a and tooth portions 42a, 42b, 62b, 62c composed of a light coupling surface and a light reflecting surface.
  • Their light convergence is similar to that described above for the teeth of the light guide unit 50 and the teeth of the light guide units 30, 70, wherein the convex tooth faces the light guide unit in the center, and is composed of a light coupling surface and a light reflection surface.
  • the teeth face the outer light guide unit.
  • each tooth part converges the light in the light mixing section 23, and the converging part is distributed almost along the entire width of the light mixing section.
  • the light converges at each converging part and then diverges and continues to propagate, thereby A more uniform lighting effect can be achieved.
  • this can also at least partially reduce the length D of the light mixing section, thereby increasing the effective length of the light guide member.
  • each light guide unit are not limited to the three shown in the drawings, and the number of teeth can be set according to the size of the light guide unit itself.
  • the number of teeth of each light guide unit is, for example, between 2 and 5. Of course, other numbers are also feasible, as long as the above light-gathering function can be completed.
  • the second light guide member 20 may be branched at the light exit section 24 to guide light to different areas.
  • the second light guide members 20 may be separated from each other in the light exit section 24, for example, separated by 1 mm or other distances, so that a wider area can be illuminated.
  • light sources arranged at the same position can be used to light up different light-emitting areas, thereby realizing an economical solution.
  • the second light guide member 20 may also have a plate shape with a predetermined width. For this reason, the second light guide member 20 is separately or integrally provided with a light reflector on the bottom surface to direct the light toward the light emitting surface. The reflection enables the light to leave the second light guide member.
  • the light-incident portion 21 of the second light guide member may also be provided with tooth portions having a converging effect on light as described above, which are distributed along the Y direction.
  • the optical system shown in FIG. 2 can be regarded as a unit, which can be arranged side by side in the Y direction, thereby obtaining a system with a wider width.
  • the first light guide member 10 and the second light guide member 20 of the optical system 1 may be connected to each other by a bridge not shown, so they are an integral piece, which further facilitates installation.
  • the light source 2 may be a light emitting diode, which can emit light of white, yellow, red or other colors, for example.
  • the above-mentioned optical system 1 can be used for vehicle lights, especially motor vehicle lights, especially signal lights, such as tail lights, turn signals, position lights, and the like.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种光学系统和车辆。光学系统用于车辆，并且具有光源(2)和光导组件，光导组件包括第一光导构件(10)和第二光导构件(20)，第一光导构件(10)具有面向光源(2)的第一入光部(11)和背离光源(2)的第一出光部(12)，第二光导构件(20)具有面向第一光导构件(10)的第二入光部(21)，其中，第二入光部(21)具有齿部，每个齿部将来自光源(2)并经第一光导构件(10)引导的光汇聚地引导到第二光导构件(20)中。

Description

光学系统和车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及一种光学系统，其用于车辆，尤其机动车辆。本发明还涉及车辆，其具有上述光学系统。
背景技术
光导件越来越多地用于车辆，特别是用于车辆的车灯，以对来自光源的光进行引导并且使光在期望的位置向外出射。在此，光导件除了有助于满足各种预定的照明和/或信号指示功能之外，还能够使出光区域呈现出各种造型，以与整车的造型相匹配。
在需点亮的区域具有一定的宽度且很长的长度时，为了实现均匀的点亮效果，通常为光导件配有多个光源。然而，在一些情况下，例如由于结构空间和成本限制，在为宽且长的光导件分配数量很低的光源时，难以保证出光效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种光学系统，其能够至少部分地解决上述提到的问题。
根据本发明提出了一种光学系统，其用于车辆，并且具有光源和光导组件，该光导组件包括第一光导构件和第二光导构件，第一光导构件具有面向光源的第一入光部和背离光源的第一出光部，第二光导构件具有面向第一光导构件的第二入光部，其中，第二入光部具有齿部，每个齿部将来自光源并经第一光导构件引导的光汇聚地引导到第二光导构件中。
通过本发明的这种光学系统，相比于常规的光导件的入光部不做任何处理的情况，例如入光部为平面，光经设置的齿部汇聚地引导到 相应的光导构件中，由此能够在光导构件的宽度上实现更好的混光，并且在光导构件的长度上实现更均匀的点亮效果。
根据本发明的实施方式，第一入光部使光在第一方向上汇聚，第一出光部使光在第二方向上发散。在此，第一方向和第二方向与光源的光轴方向垂直。在光源例如为点光源或可看作点光源的情况下，光源发出的光为锥形光束，通过第一光导构件在两个方向上对光进行调配，这有利于尽可能多的光尽可能均匀地到达第二光导构件。
根据本发明的实施方式，第一入光部具有齿状横截面，每个齿都能使光偏折，从而改变光的传播方向。优选地，第一入光部呈旋转对称结构。
根据本发明的实施方式，第一出光部为半柱状面。例如，第一出光部具有由多个弧形区段构成的横截面，例如半“8”字形的横截面。这有利于光的均匀扩散。第一出光部的其他的形状也是可行的。
根据本发明的实施方式，第二光导构件由至少一个光导单元、优选地杆状光导单元构成，在面向第一光导构件的一侧，光导单元彼此并排布置，并且光导单元的端部组合地形成第二入光部。在此，光导单元可彼此邻接地布置，或者通过桥接部相互连接在一起。示例性地，杆状光导单元和常用的光导杆一样可具有圆形的横截面，并且设有光解耦结构，以破坏光在光导单元的全反射条件，使得光可从与光解耦结构相对而置的面出射。光解耦结构还被称为光学齿，其在光导单元的纵向方向上延伸。
根据本发明的实施方式，齿部设置在每个光导单元的端侧，即，面向第一光导构件的端侧。光导单元的直径通常在8-12mm之间。示例性地，每个光导单元的端侧设有2至5个齿部，优选地设置三个齿部。当然，光导单元彼此还可具有任何适宜数量的不同的齿部。
根据本发明的实施方式，第二光导构件的光导单元的齿部中的中间的齿部呈凸面、例如柱状凸面的面片的形式，两侧的齿部具有光耦入面和光反射面。这是考虑到光以不同的角度到达第二光导构件，因为在光束的截面中，参考光轴，越靠近两侧的光线与光轴的夹角越大。 通过设置光耦入面，有利于光的引导。光反射面可为凸形曲面，其能对光进行汇聚。通过这种布置方式，有利于在第二光导构件的端部对光进行调配。
根据本发明的实施方式，第二光导构件具有混光部段和出光部段，进入第二光导构件中的光在混光部段中汇聚。光在汇聚后再次发散，由此实现好的混光效果。特别是，通过该方案，能够缩短混光部段的长度，从而提高光导构件的有效率用率。
根据本发明的实施方式，光导单元在出光部段能彼此分开。这能够实现更丰富的造型。例如，光导单元可在出光部段分支成两部分，它们具有不同的伸延方向。或者光导单元在出光部段间隔开，这能够点亮更宽的宽度。
本发明的目的还在于提出一种车辆，该车辆具有上述光学系统。
附图说明
下面借助附图进一步阐述本发明。其中，
图1部分地示出了根据本发明的光学系统的示意性的图示，
图2示出了图1的光学系统的俯视图；
图3示出了图1的光学系统的截面A-A的图示。
具体实施方式
在下文中示例性地说明了本发明的实施方式。如本领域的技术人员应该意识到的那样，在不背离本发明的构思的情况下，所说明的实施方式可以各种不同的方式进行修改。因此，附图和说明书本质上为示例性而非限制性的。在下文中，相同的附图标记通常表示功能相同或相似的元件。
在图1中示出了根据本发明的光学系统1的部分区段，具体而言，示出了光学系统1的入光部位的区段。光学系统1具有光源2和光导组件，该光导组件包括第一光导构件10和第二光导构件20。“光导构件”可理解成对光进行引导的构件，即，光可以在该构件中传播， 必要时，光导构件还可改变光的传播方向，特别在光导构件的入光部和/或出光部处。为此，光导构件可具有特定的几何结构。这还将在下文中进一步来说明。
第一光导构件10具有面向光源2的第一入光部11和背离光源2的第一出光部12，第二光导构件20具有面向第一光导构件10的第二入光部21。
光学系统1的第二光导构件具有给定的长度、宽度和厚度。为了便于阐述，在附图中引入了笛卡尔坐标系，其中，X方向为第二光导构件的纵向延伸方向，Y方向为宽度方向，Z方向为厚度方向。当然，这仅仅是示例性的。第二光导构件并不一定笔直地延伸，还可具有弯曲的走向。
光源2优选地为发光二极管，其可近似看作点光源。因此，光源2发出的光束呈锥形，即，光束以光源为中心，具有光束角，其例如为120°。由于光束角的限制，如果需要一颗光源点亮很宽的光导构件，光源距光导构件的端面的距离相对很大，否则特别在光导构件的起始端导致到达相关的光导构件的两侧的光的强度低于在中心部分的光强，从而在光导构件的至少部分长度上出现不均匀的点亮效果。
第一光导构件10的第一入光部11面向光源2。第一入光部11具有齿状的横截面。示例性地，如从特别从图1中可见的那样，由齿状横截面围绕一未示出的旋转轴线旋转例如180度形成第一入光部。因此，第一入光部11为旋转结构，其具有多个半环形的齿。光源可处在该旋转轴线处。第一入光部11具有中心的第一凸起13和位于该第一凸起13的两侧的第二凸起14，第二凸起的数量可根据需要来设定，只要光源发出的光能够全部被第一入光部接收即可。在此，第一入光部在第一方向上、即Z方向上对光具有很强的偏折作用，具体而言，使光朝与Z方向垂直并且光轴所在的平面偏折，而在其他方向上的偏折作用相对较弱。在图3中示出了通过光学系统的中心部分的截面A-A的光路图，其中，来自光源2的光中的处于光束角中心的部分到达第一凸起13，其直接对光进行收束、即使发散的光束朝 光轴的方向偏折；而处于光束角的相对靠外的部分到达两侧的第二凸起14，进入第二凸起中的光被靠外的光反射面朝光轴反射。
第一光导构件10的第一出光部12为半柱状面。“半柱状”可理解成整个柱状面被通过中心线的平面分成的两个半部中的一个半部，例如，如果柱状面具有360°的圆形周向延伸，则半柱状面具有180°的延伸。第一出光部12在第二方向上、即Y方向上对光具有很强的偏折作用，具体而言，使光朝远离光轴的方向发散，而在其他的方向上的偏折作用相对较弱。这可特别好地从图2的光路中中看出。应说明的是，在图2中仅仅示出了光源发出的光束中的一部分，从第一出光部12的其他部分离开的光可如示出的光束那样参考光轴朝两侧偏折。由此能够在其他条件不变的情况下实现光覆盖更宽的范围，并且同时实现光在Y方向上分布得更均匀。
第一出光部12的横截面可由一个或多个弧形区段构成。优选地，第一出光部12具有半“8”字形的横截面。
因此，光源发出的光经第一光导构件在Z方向朝部位FZ汇聚地并且在Y方向上扩散地到达第二光导构件。
第二光导构件20在其面向第一光导构件10的第二入光部21设有多个齿部，其将到达的光汇聚地引导到第二光导构件20中。换句话说，对于第二光导构件20，每个齿部对应于一个汇聚部位。
在示出的示例中，第二光导构件20由光导单元30、40、50、60、70构成，在此数量为5个，当然还可设置其他的数量的光导单元。这些光导单元至少在第二入光部21彼此邻接地并排。除了光入射端的结构之外，单个光导单元的结构类似于常规的长形杆状光导杆，即，其例如具有圆形的横截面，并且具有混光区段和出光区段，在出光区段设置有光解耦结构、例如光学齿35、45、55、65、75，以破坏光的全反射条件，使得光可离开出光区段。光导单元的混光区段形成第二光导构件20的混光部段23，对于混光部段23，其横截面可看作由具有交叠区域的多个圆形(在此为5个)形成。
现在详细阐述在第二光导构件20的第二入光部21的齿部。
在示出的示例中，每个光导单元30、40、50、60、70在相应的入光侧31、41、51、61、71分别设有三个齿部32a、32b、32c、42a、42b、42c、52a、52b、52c、62a、62b、62c、72a、72b、72c。各个齿部可彼此不同。居中的光导单元50的齿部52a、52b、52c具有凸面，它们直接分别对到达的光线进行汇聚，如从图2中可见的那样，齿部52a在Y方向上使光会聚在混光部段23中的部位FY1处，其他的齿部也具有自己的光汇聚部位。在居中的光导单元50的两侧，远离光导单元50的光导单元30、70的齿部32a、32b、32c、72a、72b、72c具有光耦入面和光反射面。参考图2的齿部72c说明了到达该齿部的光线的光路，即，到达齿部72c的光线经光耦入面72i进入到光导单元70中，继续传播到光反射面72r，经过光反射面72r反射后汇聚在混光部段23中的部位FY2处。同样，对于光导单元30、70的齿部，每个齿部也具有自己的光汇聚部位。位于居中的光导单元50和外侧的光导单元30、70之间的光导单元40、60可具有凸面齿部42c、62a和由光耦入面和光反射面构成的齿部42a、42b、62b、62c，它们对光的汇聚类似于上文对光导单元50的齿部和光导单元30、70的齿部说明的那样，其中，凸面齿部面向居中的光导单元，由光耦入面和光反射面构成的齿部面向外侧的光导单元。
通过该设计方案，各个齿部分别将光汇聚在混光部段23中，汇聚部位近乎沿着混光部段的整个宽度来分布，光在各汇聚部位汇聚后再次发散地继续传播，由此可实现更均匀的点亮效果。此外，这还可至少部分地降低混光区段的长度D，从而提高光导构件的有效利用长度。
每个光导单元的齿部不限于附图中示出的三个，齿部的数量可根据光导单元本身的尺寸来设置。每个光导单元的齿部的数量例如在2个至5个之间。当然，其他数量也是可行的，只要能够完成上述聚光功能即可。
要说明的是，为了更清楚的显示，在附图中仅仅示出了通过部分齿部的光路；此外，在光从一介质进入具有不同折射率的另一介质时， 会发生偏折，附图中仅仅示意性地示出了光在相关的界面处的主偏折方向，以简化图示。
在未示出的示例中，第二光导构件20可在出光部段24分叉，以将光引向不同的区域。替代地，第二光导构件20可在出光部段24彼此隔开，例如隔开1mm或其他的距离，由此可以点亮更宽的区域。在这种情况下，可利用布置在同一位置的光源点亮不同的出光区域，由此实现经济的方案。
在未示出的示例中，第二光导构件20还可为具有预定宽度的板状，为此为第二光导构件20在底面单独地或集成地设置有光反射件，以将光朝出光面反射，使得光能够离开第二光导构件。在这种情况下，同样可在第二光导构件的入光部21设置上文说明的那样的对光具有汇聚作用的齿部，其沿着Y方向来分布。
特别在图2中示出的光学系统可看作一个单元，其可在Y方向上并排设置，从而得到具有更宽的宽度的系统。
光学系统1的第一光导构件10和第二光导构件20可通过未示出的桥接件彼此连接在一起，因此它们为一体件，这进一步有利于安装。
光源2可为发光二极管，其例如能发出白色、黄色、红色或其他颜色的光。
上述光学系统1可用于车辆、尤其机动车辆的车灯，尤其信号灯，例如尾灯、转向灯、位置灯等等。
本发明不限于上述结构，也可以采用其他的各种变体。虽然已经通过有限数量的实施方式描述了本发明，但是受益于本公开，本领域技术人员可以设计出不脱离在此公开的本发明的保护范围的其他实施方式。因此，本发明的保护范围应仅由所附权利要求限定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种光学系统(1)，该光学系统用于车辆，并且具有光源(2)和光导组件，该光导组件包括第一光导构件(10)和第二光导构件(20)，所述第一光导构件(10)具有面向所述光源(2)的第一入光部(11)和背离所述光源(2)的第一出光部(12)，所述第二光导构件(20)具有面向所述第一光导构件(10)的第二入光部(21)，
    其特征在于，所述第二入光部(21)具有齿部，每个齿部将来自光源并经所述第一光导构件(10)引导的光汇聚地引导到所述第二光导构件(20)中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第一入光部(11)使光在第一方向(Z)上汇聚，所述第一出光部(12)使光在第二方向(Y)上发散。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第一入光部(11)具有齿状横截面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第一入光部(11)为旋转结构。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第一出光部(12)为半柱状面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第一出光部(12)具有由一个或多个弧形区段构成的横截面。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第二光导构件(20)由至少一个光导单元(30，40，50，60，70)构成，在面向所述第一光导构件的一侧，所述光导单元彼此并排布置，并且所述光导单元的端部组合地形成所述第二入光部(21)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述齿部设置在每个光导单元的端侧。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第 二光导构件(20)的光导单元(30，40，50，60，70)的齿部中的中间的齿部呈凸面的面片的形式，两侧的齿部具有光耦入面和光反射面。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述第二光导构件(20)具有混光部段(23)和出光部段(24)，进入所述第二光导构件(20)中的光在所述混光部段(23)中汇聚。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，所述光导单元(30，40，50，60，70)在所述出光部段(24)能彼此分开。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的光学系统(1)，其特征在于，每个光导单元的端部设有2至5个齿部。
  13. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆具有根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的光学系统(1)。
PCT/CN2020/140682 2020-01-03 2020-12-29 光学系统和车辆 WO2021136236A1 (zh)

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