WO2021135174A1

WO2021135174A1 - Modular vibration absorber, vibration absorber module, and machine tool

Info

Publication number: WO2021135174A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/103397
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张维; 李东昱; 杨预立
Original assignee: 中科振声（苏州）电子科技有限公司
Priority date: 2019-12-31
Filing date: 2020-07-22
Publication date: 2021-07-08
Also published as: CN111022548A

Abstract

Provided is a modular vibration absorber, a vibration absorber module, and a machine tool. The modular vibration absorber comprises at least one vibration absorber unit and at least one connecting assembly (a2); and the vibration absorber units each comprise a vibration absorber unit (a0) and a connecting structure (a1), the connecting structure being a polyhedral shape and sleeved on the exterior of the vibration absorber unit. Any inner wall surface of the connecting structure is locally and contactingly provided with an outer surface of the vibration absorber unit, and a gap between the vibration absorber unit and the connecting structure can be sufficiently reduced, such that space between the connecting structure and the vibration absorber unit is more compact; any surface on the polyhedral body avoiding a plug (a01) may serve as a connecting surface, such that any two vibration absorber units may be fixedly connected together by means of connecting surfaces on the respective connecting structures thereof, achieving a combination of multi-degree of freedom of the vibration absorber. When the multiple vibration absorber units which are superimposed by means of the connecting surfaces are coaxially disposed, the output force may be axially significantly improved; in addition, the output force may only be adjusted by superimposing the vibration absorber units in the same direction, and the present invention is convenient and fast and has a compact structure.

Description

Modular vibration absorber, vibration absorber module and machine tool

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration absorption, and specifically relates to a modular vibration absorber, a vibration absorber module and a machine tool.

Background technique

In many industrial fields, mechanical vibration is an engineering problem that cannot be ignored. Vibration absorber is widely used as a common vibration control method, and active vibration absorber, as the ultimate form of vibration absorber, can suppress vibration to the greatest extent.

The traditional active electromagnetic vibration absorber has a single installation form and its application is limited. Chinese Patent Document CN102168738A discloses a six-degree-of-freedom active and passive dynamic vibration absorbing device, in which six single-degree-of-freedom dynamic vibration absorbers are fixed in a two-by-two symmetrical layout to the three vertical directions of the bracket respectively with screws. The bracket is a hollow metal frame structure with six crosses connected to form a cube. This structure can be realized by combining multiple single-degree-of-freedom vibration absorbers to form a six-degree-of-freedom vibration absorber, but because the vibration absorber is mounted on a hollow metal frame structure with six crosses connected into a cube, the frame structure accounts for the entire equipment Most of the volume, resulting in a large waste of space, thus limiting its application. In addition, the output force of the vibration absorbing device is fixed, and the vibration absorber can only be replaced when adjusting the output force, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing vibration absorbing device occupies a large space and cannot adjust the output force in real time.

To this end, the present invention provides a modular electromagnetic active and passive vibration absorber, including

At least one shock absorber unit, and at least one set of connecting components connected to the shock absorber unit;

Any one of the vibration absorber units includes a single vibration absorber and a connection structure; the single vibration absorber is arranged in the connection structure;

The connecting structure is in the shape of a polyhedron; any outer surface of the connecting structure that avoids the single plug of the vibration absorber is suitable as a connecting surface;

At least two connecting surfaces are arranged facing each other, and the two facing connecting surfaces are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the vibration absorber unit.

Any inner wall surface of the connecting structure and the outer surface of the vibration absorber unit are at least partially arranged in contact with each other.

At least one mounting part is provided on any one of the connecting surfaces; the connecting component is suitable for being fixed on the mounting part.

The connecting assembly includes an adapter block, a first bolt and a second bolt; the adapter block is straddled to connect the two connecting structures; the first bolt fixes the adapter block to one of the connecting structures Above, the second bolt fixes the adapter block to the other connecting structure.

The installation part is an installation groove; the adapter block is arranged in the installation groove, and both the first bolt and the second bolt pass through the connecting structure to lock the adapter block.

The connecting structure corresponding to the first bolt and the second bolt is provided with matching threaded holes.

At least one first bolt is provided; at least one second bolt is provided.

The mounting part is arranged at the corner of the connecting surface.

The connecting surface is provided with a sunken step surface.

The shape of the connecting structure is a regular polyhedron.

The shape of the connecting structure is a cube.

The vibration absorber unit includes:

shell;

Two cover plates are arranged opposite to each other and cover both ends of the housing, and enclose an installation cavity with the housing;

The mover is installed in the installation cavity; the mover includes:

Three mover iron cores and two main permanent magnets, the mover iron cores and the main permanent magnets are sequentially spaced apart;

A vibration guide assembly, the mover is mounted in the installation cavity coaxially with the housing through the vibration guide assembly;

The coil is wound between the housing and the mover;

It is characterized by

The coil groove is opened on the inner wall of the housing around the mover; when the mover is in the equilibrium position, along the axial direction of the mover, the edge of the upper notch of the coil groove is located above the Between the N-pole surface and the S-pole surface of the main permanent magnet; the lower notch edge of the coil slot is located between the N-pole surface and the S-pole surface of the main permanent magnet below;

The coil is fixedly installed in the coil slot;

The housing is made of soft magnetic material.

The coil fills the coil slot, and the side surface of the coil facing the mover is flush with the inner wall surface of the housing.

The axial cross section of the coil groove is square.

Also includes:

At least two secondary permanent magnets are respectively fixed on the end faces of the mover cores located at both ends of the mover facing the cover plate;

The adjacent secondary permanent magnets and the main permanent magnets are arranged opposite to each other with the same pole.

The outer diameter of the secondary permanent magnet is the same as the outer diameter of the mover core.

A retaining ring is fixed on the outer circumference of any of the main permanent magnets.

Any one of the mover cores and the main permanent magnet of the reinforced retaining ring have the same outer diameter.

Any one of the vibration guide components includes:

The limit part is arranged on the mover coaxially with the mover;

One end of the elastic member is fixed on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the other end is fixed on the limiting part.

Also includes:

At least two linear bearings, coaxial with the mover and fixedly mounted on the mover cores at both ends of the mover;

The guide rod penetrates the mover along the central axis of the mover, and its two ends are respectively connected to the cover plates on two opposite sides;

The mover is slidably mounted on the guide rod through the linear bearing.

Any one of the limiting portions is a first groove, which is opened on the end surface of the mover facing the cover plate;

Any one of the elastic members is a compression spring;

A second groove is formed on the cover plate corresponding to the first groove;

Both ends of the compression spring are respectively fixed in the first groove and the second groove.

Any one of the limiting parts is a flange; the flange is fixed on the mover;

Any one of the elastic members is at least one leaf spring, which is evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange;

One end of any one of the leaf springs is fixed on the flange, and the other end is fixed on the inner wall of the installation cavity.

The leaf spring has a circular ring shape, the inner ring edge of the circular ring shape is fixed on the flange, and the outer ring edge is fixed on the inner wall of the installation cavity.

The installation cavity is filled with grease.

The present invention provides a vibration absorber module, which includes an external connection member and at least one of the above-mentioned modular vibration absorbers, and the modular vibration absorber is arranged on the external connection member through a connection surface.

The present invention provides a machine tool, the cutter head of the machine tool is provided with the aforementioned vibration absorber module.

The technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. A modular vibration absorber provided by the present invention includes at least one vibration absorber unit and at least one set of connecting components. Any shock absorber unit includes a single shock absorber and a connecting structure. The connecting structure is a polyhedron and is sleeved outside the single shock absorber. Any inner wall surface of the connecting structure is arranged in partial contact with the outer surface of the shock absorber to fully reduce vibration absorption. The gap between the single body of the shock absorber and the connecting structure makes the space between the connecting structure and the single shock absorber more compact. Any surface on the polyhedron that avoids the plug can be used as a connecting surface, so that any two shock absorbers can pass through The connecting surfaces on their respective connecting structures are fixedly connected together to realize the combination of multiple degrees of freedom of the vibration absorber, and when multiple absorber units superimposed on the connecting surfaces are arranged coaxially, the axial direction can be doubled. Output force, compact structure, output force adjustment only needs to superimpose the vibration absorber in the same direction, which is convenient and quick.

2. A modular vibration absorber provided by the present invention. The single housing of the vibration absorber is made of soft magnetic material. A coil groove is opened on the inner wall surface of the housing around the mover in the installation cavity. In the axial direction of the mover, the edge of the upper slot of the coil slot is located between the N pole surface and the S pole surface of the upper main permanent magnet; the lower slot edge of the coil slot is located between the N pole surface and the S pole surface of the lower main permanent magnet The coil is fixedly installed in the coil slot. When the coil is energized, the shell forms an electromagnet, which generates an interaction force with the mover. For example, when the coil passes a forward current, the mover receives a downward electromagnetic force. At the same time, the wire in the middle of the coil is affected by the magnetic field inward in the radial direction. According to the left-hand rule, the coil will receive an upward ampere force. According to Newton's third law, the mover will receive a downward reaction force. That is, when the coil passes forward current, the mover will receive downward electromagnetic force and ampere force at the same time. When the coil passes reverse current, the mover will receive upward electromagnetic force and ampere force at the same time. When a single-frequency harmonic current occurs, the mover will receive a single-frequency force. As the mass of the active vibration absorber, the mover is excited by electromagnetic force and responds to the inertial force in the spring-vibrator-damping system as the output force of the active vibration absorber to counteract the vibration of the equipment.

3. A modular vibration absorber provided by the present invention, the coil is installed in the coil slot, and the inner wall of the coil is flush with the inner wall of the housing, and the air gap between the inner wall of the housing and the circumferential wall of the mover can be adjusted to At the minimum, increase the strength of the air gap magnetic field to increase the output force density.

4. In the modular vibration absorber provided by the present invention, a vibration guide assembly is provided between the mover cores at both ends of the mover and the opposite cover plate, and any vibration guide assembly is suitable for applying an axial movement to the mover along the housing The elastic biasing force restricts the movement of the mover to the axial direction of the housing through the vibration guide assembly, ensuring the linearity of the output force.

5. In the modular vibration absorber provided by the present invention, auxiliary permanent magnets are respectively arranged on the end faces of the mover cores at both ends of the mover facing the cover plate, that is, the upper mover core is sandwiched between the upper main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet. Between the permanent magnets, the lower mover core is sandwiched between the lower main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet. The main permanent magnet and the auxiliary permanent magnet are arranged opposite to each other to form a magnetic field barrier to avoid the magnetic field leakage at the upper and lower ends of the mover. Increased magnetic field strength.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the appendix in the following description The drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the modular vibration absorber of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the modular vibration absorber of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a single vibration absorber in the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a single vibration absorber in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single neutron of the vibration absorber in the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a local magnetic circuit in a single vibration absorber of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the vibration absorber unit in the modular vibration absorber of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the modular vibration absorber of the present invention stacked to double the output force;

Fig. 9 is the first structural diagram of the modular vibration absorber of the present invention stacked as a three-axis vibration absorber;

Figure 10 is the second structural schematic diagram of the modular vibration absorber of the present invention stacked as a three-axis vibration absorber;

Figure 11 is the first structural diagram of the Chinese-foreign connector of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Figure 11 forming a two-degree-of-freedom vibration absorber at the tool head of the machining center;

Fig. 13 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the structure in Fig. 12;

Figure 14 is the second structural diagram of the Chinese-foreign connecting piece of the present invention.

Description of reference signs:

a1-connection structure; a11-upper cover; a12-lower cover; a13-mounting groove; a14-second through hole; a15-first through hole; a2-connection component; a21-adapter block; a211-section Two fixing holes; a22-bolt; a3-outer connecting piece;

a0-vibration absorber monomer; a01-plug; a02-first fixing hole; 1-housing; 11-coil groove; 2-cover plate; 21-second groove; 3-mover core; 4-main permanent Magnet; 41-retaining ring; 5-coil; 6-pair permanent magnet; 71-first groove; 72-compression spring; 73-flange; 74-plate spring; 81-linear bearing; 82-center shaft; 9 -Grease; 10-oil.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. The structure and operation cannot therefore be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. For example, they can be fixed or detachable. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

Example 1

This embodiment provides a modular vibration absorber, as shown in FIG. 1, including at least one vibration absorber unit, and at least one set of connection components a2 connected to the vibration absorber unit, the vibration absorber unit includes a vibration absorber unit a0 and a connection structure a1 . The connection structure a1 is a polyhedron type and is sleeved outside the vibration absorber unit a0. Any inner wall surface of the connection structure a1 is in contact with the outer surface of the vibration absorber unit a0 at least partially, which fully reduces the difference between the vibration absorber unit a0 and the connection structure a1. The gap between the connection structure a1 and the shock absorber unit a0 is more compact. Any surface on the polyhedron that avoids the plug a01 can be used as the connection surface, so that any two shock absorber units a0 can pass through their respective The connecting surfaces on the connecting structure a1 are fixedly connected together to realize the combination of multiple degrees of freedom of the vibration absorber, and when multiple absorber units a0 superimposed on the connecting surfaces are coaxially arranged, the output can be doubled in the axial direction. Power, compact structure, output power adjustment only need to superimpose the single vibration absorber a0 in the same direction, which is convenient and quick.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the connecting structure a1 is a cube structure; the connecting structure a1 includes an upper cover a11 and a lower cover a12. The upper cover a11 and the lower cover a12 are buckled together to form a cube, which is located on the upper A through hole is left at the joint between the cover body a11 and the lower cover body a12, and the plug a01 of the shock absorber unit a0 extends from the through hole to the connecting structure a1. Except for the mounting surface where the plug is located, the other five sides of the cube of the connecting structure a1 can be used as connecting surfaces. Each connecting surface is provided with at least one mounting portion. In this embodiment, the mounting portion is a mounting slot a13, and any connecting surface There are four installation grooves a13 on the upper side, and the four installation grooves a13 are respectively distributed on the four top corners of each connecting surface. In this embodiment, each installation groove a13 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of the top corner where it is located. In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the mounting groove a13 is diamond-shaped, that is, the two acute angles of the isosceles right triangle are symmetrically about the midline of the apex angle to remove the symmetrical pattern presented by the tip, and any connecting surface faces the vibration absorber unit. The body a0 is recessed to form a sunken stepped surface, the recessed portion and the connecting surface are surrounded by steps, and the mounting groove a13 is provided on the recessed portion.

As shown in Figure 2, the connecting assembly a2 includes an adapter block a21 and fasteners. The shape of the adapter block a21 matches the groove shape of the mounting groove a13. The adapter block a21 is on the right-angled surface near the two adjacent sides of the connecting surface. A second fixing hole a211 is opened, and at least two second fixing holes a211 are opened on each right-angled surface. The second fixing holes a211 are axially perpendicular to the right-angled surface, and the two second fixing holes a211 are inserted into the mounting groove a13 along the adapter block a21 The two second fixing holes a211 are respectively located in the two mounting grooves a13 corresponding to the two connecting structures a1 connected to each other. In this embodiment, four second fixing holes a211 are provided on each right-angled surface. Correspondingly, the outer surface of the connecting structure a1 cube opens a second through hole a14 communicating with the mounting groove a13 toward the mounting groove a13 on the adjacent connecting surface, and after the adapter block a21 is inserted into the mounting groove a13, the second through hole a14 is directly opposite to the second fixing hole a211. In this embodiment, the fastener adopts bolt a22, which can also be other fasteners such as screws. The first bolt a22 passes through the second through hole a14 on a connecting structure and is screwed and locked on the first through hole a21 of the adapter block a21. In the two fixing holes a211, the second bolt a22 passes through the second through hole a14 on the other connecting structure and is screwed and locked in the other second fixing hole a211 on the same adapter block a21. The second through hole a14 may be a light hole or a threaded hole, depending on specific needs. When the two connecting structures a1 are stacked and connected, insert one end of the adapter block a21 into any of the mounting slots a13 on one of the connecting structures a1, and fix the adapter block a21 on the connecting structure a1 by bolts a22, and then attach the other The mounting groove a13 on the connecting structure a1 is sleeved on the other end of the adapter block a21, so that the two connecting surfaces on the two connecting structures a1 abut together, and the connecting structure a1 is locked to the adapter block by bolts a22. On a21, complete the connection of the two connection structures a1.

As shown in FIG. 3, the single vibration absorber a0 includes a housing 1, two cover plates 2, a mover, a vibration guide assembly, a coil 5 and a coil slot 11. The cover plate 2 is a flat plate structure. The housing 1 is circumferentially closed and has an open structure at both ends. The cover plate 2 is sealed on the two end openings of the housing 1 and forms a closed installation cavity with the housing 1, as shown in Figure 3. As shown, the upper and lower end openings of the housing 1 are respectively provided with stepped surfaces, and the corresponding two cover plates 2 are circumferentially provided with matching stepped surfaces, and the two stepped surfaces are bonded together to form a seal. In this embodiment, the housing 1 Made of soft magnetic material. The cover plate 2 can also be provided with mounting holes to facilitate the installation of various adapters and sensors.

As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, the mover is composed of three mover iron cores 3, two main permanent magnets 4, and two auxiliary permanent magnets 6. The mover iron core 3, the main permanent magnet 4 and the auxiliary permanent magnets The magnets 6 are of cylindrical structure, that is, the shaft section is square, the two main permanent magnets 4 are respectively installed between the two mover cores 3, and the outer circumference of the two main permanent magnets 4 is fixedly installed with a retaining ring 41 and a retaining ring 41 Made of non-magnetic material, two auxiliary permanent magnets 6 are respectively fixed on the outer end surface of the mover core 3 at both ends of the mover. As shown in Figure 5, the mover is in order from top to bottom: the upper secondary permanent magnet 6. The upper mover iron core 3, the upper main permanent magnet 4, the middle mover iron core 3, the lower main permanent magnet 4, the lower mover iron core 3, and the lower secondary permanent magnet 6. The outer diameters of the mover iron core 3, the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 and the retaining ring 41 are the same, the upper auxiliary permanent magnet 6, the upper mover iron core 3, the upper main permanent magnet 4, the middle mover iron core 3, and the lower main permanent magnet 4 , The lower mover iron core 3, the lower auxiliary permanent magnet 6 and the retaining ring 41 are connected as a whole by screws or glue, and the mover is cylindrical in shape, which is suitable for reducing the damping of the mover. The adjacent secondary permanent magnet 6 is opposite to the main permanent magnet 4, and the magnetic poles between the two main permanent magnets 4 are opposite to each other. As shown in FIG. 5, the polarity of the lower end surface of the upper secondary permanent magnet 6 is the same as that of the upper main permanent magnet 4 The upper end faces have the same polarity, for example, both are N poles; the polarity of the lower end face of the upper main permanent magnet 4 is the same as the upper end face of the lower main permanent magnet 4, both are S poles; the poles on the lower end face of the lower main permanent magnet 4 The polarity is the same as the polarity of the upper end surface of the lower secondary permanent magnet 6 and both are N poles. The secondary permanent magnet 6 and the main permanent magnet 4 have the same poles to form a magnetic field barrier. The secondary permanent magnets 6 at both ends avoid the leakage of the magnetic field at the upper and lower ends of the mover and increase the magnetic field strength.

Both the mover core 3 and the shell 1 are made of materials with high permeability and low conductivity, such as soft magnetic materials. In this embodiment, the mover core 3 and the shell 1 are made of silicon steel sheets stacked or wound. , It can also be made from a whole piece of silicon steel by machining. A heat sink (not shown in the figure) is added to the mover core 3 located in the middle to facilitate heat dissipation. Through holes (not shown in the figure) can be provided on the mover to facilitate adjustment of mover damping. Of course, in order to ensure the greater mass of the mover, the number of through holes is determined according to specific needs.

The mover is restricted in the installation cavity by a vibration guide assembly. Two sets of vibration guide assemblies are provided. The two sets of vibration guide assemblies are respectively arranged between the two ends of the mover and the corresponding cover plate 2. The vibration guide assembly includes a limit part and an elastic part. , As shown in Figure 1, the limiting portion is a first groove 71, the auxiliary permanent magnet 6 is in an annular shape as a whole, and the first groove 71 is enclosed between the annular inner ring and the upper surface of the upper mover iron core 3 A second groove 21 is opened on the inner wall of the cover plate 2 directly opposite to the first groove 71. The elastic member adopts a compression spring 72. The two ends of the compression spring 72 are respectively fixedly installed in the first groove 71 and the second groove. In the groove 21, the compression springs 72 at both ends have an elastic biasing force on the mover along the axial direction of the mover. The central shaft 82 is coaxially pierced on the mover. The two ends of the central shaft 82 are respectively fixed on the cover plates 2 at both ends. The linear bearings 81 are respectively fixed on the upper mover iron core 3 and the lower mover iron core 3, and the mover The upper and lower linear bearings 81 are slidably arranged on the central shaft 82. The linearity of the output force is guaranteed by the limit part and the limit position of the central shaft 82. The upper main permanent magnet 4, the central mover core 3, and the lower main permanent magnet 4 and the central shaft 82 are spaced apart, and there is oil 10 in the space.

As shown in Figure 3, the inner wall surface of the housing 1 has a coil slot 11 around the mover. In this embodiment, the cross section of the coil slot 11 in the axial direction of the mover is rectangular, and the edge of the upper slot of the coil slot 11 Located between the N pole surface and the S pole surface of the upper main permanent magnet 4, the lower slot edge of the coil slot 11 is located between the N pole surface and the S pole surface of the lower main permanent magnet 4, and the coil 5 is filled with the coil slot 11 and fixed In the coil slot 11, and the ring structure enclosed by the coil 5 faces the inner side of the mover and is flush with the inner wall surface of the housing 1. Since the housing 1 is made of soft magnetic material, it is shared with the coil 5 embedded on it. The stator is formed and interacts with the mover. The air gap between the inner wall surface of the housing 1 and the circumferential wall surface of the mover can be adjusted to a minimum, and the strength of the air gap magnetic field is increased to increase the output force density.

In this embodiment, the installation cavity is filled with grease 9. First, compared with air, the grease 9 can better transfer the heat generated by the mover when the vibration absorber is working to the housing 1; second, the grease 9 It can play a good lubrication effect on the linear bearing 81; thirdly, the grease 9 provides fluid resistance when the mover moves up and down to provide necessary damping for the vibration absorber.

The output principle of the modular electromagnetic active and passive vibration absorber in this embodiment is formed by the superposition of electromagnetic force and ampere force. The N poles of the upper secondary permanent magnet 6 and the lower primary permanent magnet 4 are set downward, and the N poles of the upper primary permanent magnet 4 and the lower secondary permanent magnet 6 are set upward.

When the wire in the coil 5 carries forward current ("forward" is the direction perpendicular to the paper surface inward), as shown in Figure 6, according to the law of electromagnetic induction, an induced magnetic field is generated in the central mover core 3, according to the right-hand spiral Rule, the magnetic line of induction is emitted from the lower end of the housing 1 and enters from the upper end. Therefore, the upper part of the coil slot 11 forms an electromagnet "S" pole, and the lower part of the coil slot 11 forms an electromagnet "N" pole. For the mover, since the N poles of the upper secondary permanent magnet 6 and the lower main permanent magnet 4 are set downwards, and the N poles of the upper main permanent magnet 4 and the lower secondary permanent magnet 6 are set upwards, the upper mover core 3 and the lower The outer edge of the mover core 3 induces "N" poles (as shown in Figure 6). Since the edge of the upper notch of the coil slot 11 is located below the lower surface of the upper mover iron core 3; the "N" pole of the outer edge of the upper mover iron core 3 is attracted by the "S" pole of the upper part of the coil slot 11, and the mover produces a downward movement. Electromagnetic force component. The edge of the lower notch of the coil slot 11 is located above the upper surface of the lower mover iron core 3. The "N" pole of the outer edge of the lower mover iron core 3 is repelled by the "N" pole at the lower part of the coil slot 11, and the mover generates downward electromagnetic waves. Force component. Therefore, when the coil 5 passes a forward current, the mover receives a downward electromagnetic force. At the same time, the wire in the middle of the coil 5 is affected by the radially inward magnetic field. According to the left-hand rule, the coil 5 will receive an upward ampere force. According to Newton's third law, the mover will receive a downward reaction force. In summary, when the coil 5 passes a forward current, the mover will simultaneously receive a downward electromagnetic force and ampere force. When the coil 5 passes a reverse current, the mover will receive an upward force, so the coil 5 passes a certain In the case of single-frequency harmonic current, the mover will receive a single-frequency force. As the mass of the active vibration absorber, the mover is excited by electromagnetic force and responds to the inertial force in the spring-vibrator-damping system as the output force of the active vibration absorber to counteract the vibration of the equipment.

The shock absorber monomer a0 is cylindrical as a whole, and the two connecting surfaces facing the connecting structure a1 correspond to the cover plates 2 at both ends of the shock absorber monomer a0. As shown in Figure 1, the two connections located on one side of the cover plate 2 The recesses of the surface corresponding to the cover plate 2 are all hollowed out, and the other four connecting surfaces are arranged around the outer wall surface of the shock absorber monomer a0. On the cross section along the radial direction of the shock absorber monomer a0, the shock absorber monomer a0 The circle is inscribed in the square where the connecting structure a1 is located. As shown in Figure 7, there are first fixing holes a02 located on the upper and lower edges of the shock absorber monomer a0, eight first fixing holes a02, four on the top, four on the bottom, and four on the same top or bottom. The first fixing holes a02 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shock absorber monomer a0. The four connecting surfaces surrounding the outer wall of the shock absorber monomer a0 are respectively provided with first through holes a15 that are directly opposite to the first fixing holes a02. The firmware passes through the first through hole a15 and is locked in the first fixing hole a02, and fixes the upper cover a11 and the lower cover a12 of the connecting structure a1 on the outside of the shock absorber unit a0, and the connecting structure a1 and the shock absorber single The body a0 together constitute the vibration absorber module.

As shown in Figure 1, the connecting structure a1 is also provided with an external connection piece a3 on one of its connecting surfaces, which is connected to the device to be absorbing through the external connection piece a3. In this embodiment, the external connection piece a3 is in the shape of a plate, and the external connection piece An assembly hole is provided on a3, and the external connector a3 is assembled on the equipment through the assembly hole.

As the first alternative implementation of Example 1, the connection structure a1 can also adopt other polyhedrons, such as a regular triangular prism. The two opposite regular triangles on the regular triangular prism are respectively corresponding to the cover plates 2 on both sides of the shock absorber monomer a0. , On the radial cross section of the vibration absorber monomer a0, the circle where the vibration absorber monomer a0 is located is inscribed to the triangle where the connection structure a1 is located.

As a second alternative implementation of Embodiment 1, the adapter block a21 in the connection assembly a2 can connect the two connection structures a1 from the outside of the connection surface. The two horizontal parts are respectively inserted into the installation grooves a13 of the two connecting surfaces of the two connecting structures a1 located on the same plane, and the fasteners are penetrated on the vertical part of the shape of a hole and locked on the corresponding two connecting surfaces, Fix the 匚-shaped adapter block a21 on the connecting structure a1 on both sides respectively to connect the two connecting structures a1;

Further, the installation groove a13 may not be provided, and the adapter block a21 is a long strip, one end is fixed on a connecting surface of one of the connecting structure a1, and the other end is fixed on the corresponding connecting surface of the other connecting structure a1;

Furthermore, a connecting groove is opened between the two coplanar connecting surfaces of the two connecting structures a1, and the adapter block a21 is placed in the groove to avoid affecting the side connecting surface to continue to install the connecting structure a1.

As a third alternative implementation of Embodiment 1, the secondary permanent magnets 6 at both ends may not be provided in the single vibration absorber a0.

As a fourth alternative implementation manner of Example 1, grease 9 may not be provided in the installation cavity of the vibration absorber unit a0.

Example 2

This embodiment provides a modular vibration absorber. Compared with the technical solution of Embodiment 1, the difference is that, as shown in FIG. 4, the limit part in the vibration guide assembly of the single vibration absorber a0 adopts a flange 73. The flange 73 is coaxially pierced on the central shaft 82 and fixed on the mover core 3 at both ends of the mover. The flange 73 is located in the inner ring of the auxiliary permanent magnets 6 at both ends. The elastic part adopts the plate spring 74. 73 are distributed symmetrically. In this embodiment, the leaf spring 74 has a circular ring shape. The inner ring edge of the ring shape is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the flange 73, and the outer ring edge is fixed on the inner step of the seal between the cover plate 2 and the housing 1. When the mover is in a balanced state, the surface of the leaf spring 74 is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the mover.

As the first alternative implementation of Example 2, the central shaft 82 and the two linear bearings 81 on the upper mover core 3 and the lower mover core 3 may not be provided, and only the plate spring 74 and the method The Lan 73 concentric limit ensures the linearity of the mover's movement.

As a second alternative implementation of Embodiment 2, the shape of the leaf spring 74 may be a fan shape, and multiple fan-shaped leaf springs 74 are provided, and any fan-shaped leaf spring 74 is radiated and distributed along the flange 73 toward the housing 1, for example, a fan shape The leaf spring 74 can be provided with four, eight, nine, ten, etc., evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the flange 73, and one end is fixed on the flange 73 and one end is fixed on the inner wall of the installation cavity. A single fan-shaped leaf spring The area of 74 and the number of settings only need to meet a certain mechanical strength, depending on specific needs.

Example 3

This embodiment provides a vibration absorber module, which includes an external connector a3 and the modular vibration absorber in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. As shown in Figure 8, one of the connecting structures a1 is provided with an external connector a3, which connects two modular vibration absorbers coaxially and fixedly with respect to the vibration absorber monomer a0 to form a vibration absorber with twice the output force. Similarly, three, four, etc. can be superimposed coaxially to form a vibration absorber with three times or four times the output force.

Example 4

This embodiment provides a vibration absorber module. Compared with the technical solution of the third embodiment, the difference lies in that, as shown in FIG. 9, three modular vibration absorbers are fixedly connected together in a V shape to form an edge along x and y. , Z three-axis translational vibration degrees of freedom.

Example 5

This embodiment provides a vibration absorber module. Compared with the technical solutions of Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4, the difference is that three modular vibration absorbers are stacked according to the structure shown in FIG. 10 to form a four-axis vibration absorber , Including a torsional vibration degree of freedom along the y-axis and a translational vibration degree of freedom along the x, y, and z axes.

Example 6

This embodiment provides a vibration absorber module. Compared with the technical solutions of Embodiment 3 or Embodiment 4 or Embodiment 5, the difference lies in that, as shown in FIG. 11, the outer connector a3 adopts a collar, and a modular vibration absorber Fixed on the outer wall of the collar, the collar is suitable to be sleeved and fixed on the rotating shaft of the tool head of the machining center, or on some other pipes, as shown in Figure 14, it can be evenly distributed on the collar in several circumferential directions. Directional modular vibration absorber constitutes a vibration absorber with more degrees of freedom.

Example 7

This embodiment provides a machine tool that uses any of the vibration absorber modules in Embodiments 3 to 6. When the vibration absorber module in Embodiment 6 is used, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13, in the ring Two modular vibration absorbers are installed on the top to form a two-axis vibration absorber. The modular vibration absorber is fixed on the rotating shaft of the cutter head of the machining center through a collar to provide active or semi-active control of vibration at the cutter head.

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or modifications in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is unnecessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or changes derived from this are still within the protection scope created by the present invention.

Claims

A modular vibration absorber, characterized in that it comprises:

At least one shock absorber unit, and at least one set of connecting components (a2) connected to the shock absorber unit;

Any one of the vibration absorber units includes a vibration absorber unit (a0) and a connection structure (a1); the vibration absorber unit (a0) is arranged in the connection structure (a1);

The connecting structure (a1) is in a polyhedron shape; any outer surface of the plug (a01) avoiding the vibration absorber unit (a0) on the connecting structure (a1) is suitable as a connecting surface;

At least two connecting surfaces are arranged facing each other, and the two facing connecting surfaces are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the vibration absorber unit (a0).
The modular vibration absorber according to claim 1, wherein any inner wall surface of the connecting structure (a1) is at least partially in contact with the outer surface of the vibration absorber unit (a0).
The modular vibration absorber according to claim 1, wherein the single body (a0) of the vibration absorber comprises:

Shell(1);

Two cover plates (2) are arranged oppositely and cover both ends of the housing (1), and enclose an installation cavity with the housing (1);

The mover is installed in the installation cavity; the mover includes:

Three mover iron cores (3) and two main permanent magnets (4), the mover iron cores (3) and the main permanent magnets (4) are sequentially spaced apart;

A vibration guide assembly, the mover is mounted in the installation cavity coaxially with the housing through the vibration guide assembly;

The coil (5) is wound between the housing (1) and the mover;

It is characterized by

A coil slot (11) is opened on the inner wall of the housing (1) around the mover; when the mover is in the equilibrium position, along the axial direction of the mover, the coil slot (11) The upper edge of the notch is located between the N pole surface and the S pole surface of the upper main permanent magnet (4); the lower notch edge of the coil slot (11) is located below the N pole surface of the main permanent magnet (4) Between the pole surface and the S pole surface;

The coil (5) is fixedly installed in the coil slot (11);

The housing (1) is made of soft magnetic material.
The modular vibration absorber according to claim 3, further comprising:

At least two secondary permanent magnets (6) are respectively fixed on the end faces of the mover iron cores (3) located at the two ends of the mover facing the cover plate (2);

The adjacent secondary permanent magnets (6) and the main permanent magnets (4) are arranged opposite to the same pole.
The modular vibration absorber according to claim 3 or 4, wherein any one of the vibration guide components comprises:

The limit part is arranged on the mover coaxially with the mover;

One end of the elastic member is fixed on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the other end is fixed on the limiting part.
The modular vibration absorber according to claim 5, wherein:

Also includes:

At least two linear bearings (81), coaxial with the mover and fixedly mounted on the mover cores (3) at both ends of the mover;

The guide rod (82) penetrates the mover along the central axis of the mover, and its two ends are respectively connected to the cover plates (2) on two opposite sides;

The mover is slidably mounted on the guide rod (82) through the linear bearing (81).
The modular vibration absorber according to claim 6, wherein any one of the limiting portions is a first groove (71), which is opened on the end surface of the mover facing the cover plate (2);

Any one of the elastic parts is a compression spring (72);

A second groove (21) is opened on the cover plate (2) corresponding to the first groove (71);

Both ends of the compression spring (72) are respectively fixed in the first groove (71) and the second groove (21).
The modular vibration absorber according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, any one of the limit parts is a flange (73); the flange (73) is fixed on the mover;

Any one of the elastic members is at least one leaf spring (74), which is evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange (73);

One end of any one of the plate springs (74) is fixed on the flange (73), and the other end is fixed on the inner wall of the installation cavity.
A vibration absorber module, characterized in that it comprises an external connecting piece (a3) and at least one modular vibration absorber as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, the modular vibration absorber being arranged on the connecting surface through a connecting surface. Said on the outer connecting piece (a3).
A machine tool, characterized in that the vibration absorber module according to claim 9 is arranged at the cutter head of the machine tool.