WO2021134859A1 - 基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统 - Google Patents

基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统 Download PDF

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WO2021134859A1
WO2021134859A1 PCT/CN2020/074405 CN2020074405W WO2021134859A1 WO 2021134859 A1 WO2021134859 A1 WO 2021134859A1 CN 2020074405 W CN2020074405 W CN 2020074405W WO 2021134859 A1 WO2021134859 A1 WO 2021134859A1
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PCT/CN2020/074405
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French (fr)
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李长河
吴喜峰
崔歆
张彦彬
罗亮
杨敏
贾东洲
高腾
刘明政
陈帅
马五星
卢秉恒
侯亚丽
李润泽
曹华军
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青岛理工大学
宁波三韩合金材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2021134859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021134859A1/zh

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Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical and health, in particular to an intelligent execution system for medical care and health based on the Internet of Things and the Internet.
  • Sensing technology can measure the user's biological signals, and transmit this information to equipment or institutions through information transmission, and give feedback to the user through the analysis of the information by these equipment or institutions.
  • wearable smart sensor devices based on the Internet came into being.
  • the flexible sensor has two characteristics of comfort and accuracy when used in the medical and health field.
  • Rigid sensors are mostly flat, hard and non-deformable. When integrated with the human body, they form a point-to-face, hard-to-soft contact interface; in contrast, flexible sensors are soft and easy to deform, and are easily integrated with the human body to form a face-to-face, soft-to-face contact interface.
  • the soft contact interface enables more comfortable and accurate medical health monitoring.
  • the prior art discloses a smart sensor vest.
  • a chest breathing belt is provided under the chest of the vest, an abdominal breathing belt is provided at the abdomen position, a snap-on sensor connection port is provided on the outside of the chest position, and a battery connection port is provided in the middle of the right shoulder strap.
  • the breathing belt and abdominal breathing belt support the collection of heart rate, ECG, and breathing parameters.
  • the sensor connection port is equipped with a wireless sensor. The wireless sensor is used to send the physical sign parameters collected by the chest breathing belt and abdomen breathing belt to the external monitoring equipment through the wireless transmission of electrical signals.
  • the prior art discloses a wearable physiological sensing device. Taking the bracelet as the carrier, there are an indicator collection and calculation unit, a microprocessor unit, a data storage unit, a wireless sending unit, a power management unit, a vibration sensor, a wireless receiving unit, and a display device.
  • the prior art discloses an intelligent wearable device based on a single chip microcomputer, which includes a control module, a posture detection module, a temperature acquisition module, a communication module and a display module.
  • the temperature acquisition module and the posture detection module detect the user's physical signs in real time, and send the signals to the control module for processing.
  • the control module judges the human body activity state according to the signal sent by the posture detection module, and displays the judgment results in the display module and displays them. Send to the host computer through the communication module.
  • the information measured by the sensors is stored in the storage device and is wirelessly transmitted to the external monitoring device, but it does not give the user a clear feedback.
  • the use of lithium polymer batteries has also caused a certain degree of pollution to the environment.
  • the prior art discloses an intelligent medical system based on Zigbee technology.
  • the system includes a first sensor module, a second sensor module, an alarm module, a smart watch, and several Zigbee coordinators.
  • Each Zigbee coordinator communicates with the server through the gateway device.
  • the first sensor module is used to detect the condition of the ward
  • the second sensor module is used to detect the condition of the corridor outside the ward
  • the smart watch is used to detect the physiological condition of the patient in the ward.
  • the first sensor module, the second sensor module, and the alarm module communicate with the server through the Zigbee coordinator, and the smart watch directly communicates with the server through the gateway device. Realize ward temperature and humidity detection, fire monitoring and alarm. At the same time, doctors and nurses can query detailed information about patients.
  • This monitoring system can only be limited to a certain space, and cannot perform real-time medical monitoring of users in any space.
  • the present invention discloses an intelligent execution system for medical care and health based on the Internet of Things and the Internet.
  • the application of flexible sensors can better detect the physical parameters of users, and the use of heat-electric conversion devices for power supply can reduce environmental impact Pollution, mobile phones and the Internet can be used for data transmission and feedback, and users and organizations can be regarded as an Internet of Things, which can transmit and feedback data in real time.
  • An intelligent execution system for medical care and health care based on the Internet of Things and the Internet including:
  • the information collection module uses a wearable device as a carrier, and flexible sensors are respectively arranged on the wearable device for real-time collection of heart rate, electrocardiogram, respiration, temperature, blood flow rate, blood glucose, and blood oxygen parameters;
  • the information transmission module is used to wirelessly transmit the collected information to the information processing and feedback module;
  • the information processing and feedback module is used to perform hierarchical processing on the received data information, and feed back the health status corresponding to the data information to the information transmission module, and the information transmission module compares the feedback health status data with a preset health threshold Yes, judge whether to perform alarm processing.
  • the wearable device includes: a wearable vest; the wearable vest includes the back piece of the vest, the left front piece of the vest, and the right front piece of the vest;
  • the heart rate and electrocardiogram parameters of the vest are equipped with breathing belts on the inner side of the left front piece, right front piece and the back piece of the vest, around the body for collecting breathing parameters, and placed under the armpit on the inner side of the left front piece of the vest.
  • the body surface temperature band is used to collect body surface temperature parameters;
  • the first main control chip is provided on the outer surface of the right front piece of the vest, which is used to store various physical sign parameters collected with the vest as a carrier;
  • the heart rate ECG band The breathing belt and the body surface temperature belt are respectively connected with the first main control chip.
  • the wearable device also includes: a wristband, the inner side of the wristband is provided with a blood flow rate band for collecting blood flow rate parameters; the inner side of the wristband is provided with a blood glucose band for collecting blood glucose parameters; A second main control chip is arranged on the outer surface for storing various physical sign parameters collected by using the wristband as a carrier; the blood flow rate band and the blood glucose band are respectively connected with the second main control chip.
  • the wearable device also includes: a headband, which connects the head and tail of the belt-like structure through adjustable buttons; the inner side of the headband is provided with a blood oxygen belt for collecting blood oxygen parameters, and a deep temperature belt is provided on the headband for Collect deep temperature parameters; a third main control chip is provided on the outer surface of the headband to store various physical signs and parameters collected with the headband as a carrier; the blood oxygen zone and the deep temperature zone are respectively the same as the third main control chip Control chip connection.
  • the vest is the carrier of information collection, which can be close to the user's body and facilitate the collection of sensors.
  • the design of the adjustable button can be adjusted according to the person's physical signs. On the one hand, it satisfies the wearing comfort of the person, and on the other On the one hand, the sensing element can be close to the human body surface, which increases the accuracy of the measurement.
  • the zipper design is convenient for people to wear;
  • ECG belt breathing belt, body surface temperature belt, blood flow rate belt, blood glucose belt, blood oxygen belt, deep temperature belt built-in flexible sensors, and support heart rate, ECG, respiration, temperature, blood sugar, blood oxygen, etc. Collection of parameters.
  • the flexible sensor is light and stretchable, giving users a more comfortable experience;
  • the main control chip will transmit via Bluetooth to transmit the user's physical parameters to the mobile phone.
  • the health pre-value alarm device provided in the mobile phone can respond to the user's emergent disease.
  • the mobile phone periodically sends the user's physical parameter information to the database for analysis and processing, and sends the health status to the mobile phone for the user to watch.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of an intelligent execution system for medical care and health care based on the Internet of Things and the Internet according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 (a)-(b) is a front view and a rear view of the vest of the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 (a)-(b) is a front view and a rear view of the body surface temperature belt, breathing belt and heart rate electrocardiogram belt in the vest position of the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wristband according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the positions of the blood flow rate belt and the blood glucose belt on the wristband according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram of the position of the battery unit in the wristband according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a headband according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the positions of the blood oxygen zone and the deep temperature zone on the headgear according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram of the position of the battery unit in the headband according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a layered structure diagram of a flexible body surface temperature sensor and a flexible heart rate sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a layered structure diagram of a flexible deep temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a coil structure of a flexible breathing sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 is a functional layer of a flexible blood flow rate sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a preparation process of a flexible sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a flow chart of a photolithography process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 (a)-(d) is a flow chart of the transfer printing process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a layered structure diagram of a flexible heart rate sensor and a flexible breathing sensor based on piezoelectric effect according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 19 is a flow chart of an electrospinning process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 20(a)-(b) are schematic diagrams of thermal-electric conversion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a diagram of a thermal-electric conversion battery module supplying power to the sensor module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of power-to-electricity conversion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram of a power-to-electric conversion battery module supplying power to the sensor module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a structural form diagram of a power-to-electric conversion battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 25 is a diagram of the light-electric conversion battery module supplying power to the sensor module according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a framework diagram of an information collection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is a framework diagram of an information transmission, information processing, and feedback module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2-1 is the back piece of the vest
  • 2-2 is the left front piece of the vest
  • 2-3 is the right front piece of the vest
  • 2-4 is the left shoulder strap
  • 2-5 is the right shoulder strap
  • 2-6 is the left shoulder strap.
  • Adjustable buttons, 2-7 are the adjustable buttons on the right shoulder strap
  • 2-8 are the adjustable buttons under the chest on the left
  • 2-9 are the adjustable buttons under the chest on the right
  • 2-10 are the adjustable buttons on the left abdomen.
  • Adjusting buttons, 2-11 is the adjustable button on the right abdomen
  • 2-12 is the open zipper
  • 2-13 is the wire interface of the breathing belt in the chest position
  • 2-14 is the wire interface of the breathing belt in the abdomen
  • 2-15 is Vest main control chip
  • 3-1 is the body surface temperature belt
  • 3-2 is the lower chest breathing belt
  • 3-3 is the abdominal breathing belt
  • 3-4 is the heart rate electrocardiogram belt
  • 4-1 is the left battery unit
  • 4-2 is the right battery unit
  • 4-3 is the temperature switch A
  • 4-4 is the temperature switch B
  • 4-5 is the power storage unit
  • 5-1 is the body of the bracelet, 5-2 is the adjustable button of the bracelet, and 5-3 is the main control chip of the bracelet;
  • 6-1 is the blood velocity zone, and 6-2 is the blood glucose zone;
  • 7-1 is the battery device of the bracelet
  • 7-2 is the battery storage device of the bracelet
  • 7-3 is the light sensor switch of the bracelet
  • 8-1 is the headband body
  • 8-2 is the headband adjustable button
  • 8-3 is the headband main control chip
  • 9-1 is the blood oxygen zone
  • 9-2 is the deep temperature zone
  • 10-1 is the headband battery device
  • 10-2 is the headband power storage device
  • 10-3 is the headband optical switch
  • 11-1 is the packaging layer of the flexible body surface temperature sensor and the flexible heart rate sensor, 11-2 is the functional layer of the flexible body surface temperature sensor and the flexible heart rate sensor, and 11-3 is the base layer of the flexible body surface temperature sensor and the flexible heart rate sensor ;
  • 12-1 is the encapsulation layer of the flexible deep temperature sensor
  • 12-2 is the functional layer of the flexible deep temperature sensor
  • 12-3 is the isolation layer of the flexible deep temperature sensor
  • 12-4 is the base layer of the flexible deep temperature sensor
  • 14-1 is the signal wire
  • 14-2 is the temperature sensor
  • 14-3 is the central heater
  • 17-1 is the flexible stamp
  • 17-2 is the desired functional layer
  • 17-3 is the donor matrix
  • 17-4 is the acceptor matrix
  • 18-1 is the packaging layer of the flexible heart rate sensor and flexible breathing sensor based on the piezoelectric effect
  • 18-2 is the upper electrode of the flexible piezoelectric film
  • 18-3 is the flexible piezoelectric film
  • 18-4 is the flexible piezoelectric film
  • the bottom electrode, 18-5 is the base layer of the flexible heart rate sensor and flexible respiration sensor based on the piezoelectric effect.
  • an intelligent execution system for medical care and healthcare based on the Internet of Things and the Internet is disclosed, as shown in Figure 1, including:
  • the information collection module uses vest, bracelet and headband as the carrier, on which flexible sensors are respectively arranged for real-time collection of heart rate, ECG, respiration, temperature, blood flow rate, blood glucose and blood oxygen parameters;
  • the information transmission module is used to transmit the collected information to the information processing and feedback module through Bluetooth transmission;
  • the information processing and feedback module is used to perform hierarchical processing on the received data information, and feed back the health status corresponding to the data information to the information transmission module, and the information transmission module compares the feedback health status data with a preset health threshold Yes, judge whether to perform alarm processing.
  • the information transmission module adopts a mobile phone terminal.
  • the mobile phone terminal acts as an information transmission intermediary on the one hand to store the user’s personal information and the information sent by the information collection module, and transmit it regularly via wireless on a daily basis.
  • people’s health is expected, they will directly report to the nearby hospital, and the hospital will take measures to rescue.
  • the information processing and feedback module is a variety of databases and institutional facilities; the information processing and feedback module receives data about the user’s physical parameters, personal information, and geographic location sent from the mobile phone, and provides feedback to the received user
  • the physical sign parameters are analyzed and processed step by step. Through the analysis and processing, the user's health status will be sent to the mobile phone terminal in the form of a form, and the user will be given feedback. In addition, the alarm information sent from the mobile terminal shall be dealt with urgently and feedback shall be given.
  • the structure of the vest is shown in Fig. 2(a)-(b), and the processed fabric adopts CoolMax fiber to ensure the comfort of wearing by the user.
  • the body of the vest consists of the vest back piece 2-1, the vest left front piece 2-2, the vest right front piece 2-3, and the left shoulder strap 2-4 used to connect the vest back piece 2-1 and the vest left front piece 2-2, and the vest back
  • the piece 2-1 is composed of the right shoulder strap 2-5 of the right front piece 2-3 of the vest.
  • the vest consists of the left front piece of the vest 2-2, the back piece of the vest 2-1, and the right front piece 2-3 of the vest, which are sewn into a cylindrical shape in turn.
  • the left shoulder strap of the vest is equipped with adjustable buttons for the left shoulder strap 2- 6.
  • the right shoulder strap 2-5 of the vest is equipped with adjustable buttons 2-7 for the right shoulder strap.
  • the left front piece of the vest 2-2 and the left side of the vest back piece 2-1 are located under the chest and abdomen respectively.
  • buttons 2-8 under the chest on the left adjustable buttons 2-10 on the abdomen on the left, under the chest and abdomen at the junction of the right front piece 2-3 of the vest and the back piece 2-1 of the vest
  • the opening zipper 2-12 extends all the way to the neckline.
  • the vest is equipped with the breathing belt wire interface 2-13 and the wire interface 2-14 on both sides of the zipper under the chest and the abdomen.
  • the wire interface is used to connect the left front piece of the vest and
  • the sensitive layers inside the breathing belt of the right front piece of the vest are connected to form a closed flexible breathing sensor around the human body to make it work normally.
  • the vest is equipped with a vest main control chip 2-15 on the right front piece 2-3.
  • the vest main control chip 2-15 is made into a badge style.
  • the sensor module on the vest includes body surface temperature belt 3-1, chest breathing belt 3-2, abdominal breathing belt 3-3, heart rate electrocardiogram belt 3-4, and vest main control chip 2-15.
  • Body surface temperature belt 3-1, chest breathing belt 3-2, abdominal breathing belt 3-3, heart rate ECG belt 3-4 are arranged on the vest as shown in Figure 3(a)-(b), on the left front piece of the vest
  • a heart rate electrocardiogram 3-4 is provided on the chest position of the right front piece 2-3 of the vest to collect heart rate, electrocardiogram and other parameters.
  • Body surface temperature belt 3-1, chest breathing belt 3-2, abdominal breathing belt 3-3, heart rate electrocardiogram belt 3-4 are all sewn on the corresponding positions of the vest, and the sensing part is located inside the vest. Surface.
  • the vest main control chip 2-15 is used to store the physical parameters measured by the body surface temperature zone 3-1, chest breathing zone 3-2, abdominal breathing zone 3-3, and heart rate ECG zone 3-4 and pass them through Bluetooth The transmission is sent to the mobile terminal.
  • the battery module on the vest includes a left battery unit 4-1, a right battery unit 4-2, a temperature switch A4-3, a temperature switch B4-4, and a power storage unit 4-5.
  • the arrangement of the battery modules on the vest is shown in Figure 4(a)-(b).
  • the left battery unit 4-1 is provided on the left front piece 2-2 of the vest, and the right battery unit is provided on the right front piece 2-3 of the vest.
  • 4-2, the left front piece 2-2 and the right front piece 3 of the vest are provided with a temperature switch A4-3 and a temperature switch B4-4, and a storage unit 4-5 is provided on the back piece 2-1 of the vest.
  • the structure of the bracelet is shown in Figure 5.
  • a strip structure is connected end to end to form a bracelet body 5-1, which is woven from CoolMax fibers.
  • the position where the strip structure is connected end to end is provided with a bracelet adjustable button 5-2, and the bracelet main control chip 5-3 is provided on the bracelet body 5-1.
  • the main control chip 5-3 of the bracelet is made into an icon style.
  • the sensor module on the wristband includes the blood flow rate band 6-1, the blood glucose band 6-2 and the wristband main control chip 5-3.
  • the arrangement of the blood flow rate band 6-1 and the blood glucose band 6-2 on the bracelet is shown in Figure 6.
  • the blood flow rate band 6-1 is used to collect blood flow rate and other parameters
  • the blood glucose band 6-2 is used to collect blood glucose and other parameters.
  • the blood flow rate belt 6-1 and the blood glucose belt 6-2 are both placed on the corresponding positions of the bracelet, and the sensing part is located inside the bracelet.
  • the wristband main control chip 5-3 is used to store the physical sign parameters measured by the blood flow rate band 6-1 and the blood glucose band 6-2 and send them to the mobile terminal via Bluetooth transmission.
  • the battery module on the wristband includes the wristband battery unit 7-1, the wristband power storage unit 7-2, and the wristband optical switch 7-3.
  • the arrangement of the battery module on the bracelet is shown in Figure 7.
  • the bracelet battery unit 7-1, the bracelet power storage unit 7-2 are arranged on the bracelet body 5-1, and the bracelet optical switch 7-3 is arranged on the outside of the bracelet.
  • the structure of the headband is shown in Fig. 8.
  • the headband body 8-1 is made of a belt-like structure connected end to end, and the headband body 8-1 is woven from CoolMax fibers.
  • the headband adjustable button 8-2 is arranged at the position where the belt-like structure is connected end to end, and the headband main control chip 8-3 is arranged on the headband body 8-1.
  • the appearance of the headband main control chip 8-3 is made into an icon style.
  • the sensor module on the headband includes the blood oxygen band 9-1, the deep temperature band 9-2 and the headband main control chip 8-3.
  • the arrangement of the blood oxygen belt 9-1 and the deep temperature belt 9-2 on the headband is shown in Figure 9.
  • the blood oxygen belt 9-1 is used to collect blood oxygen and other parameters
  • the deep temperature belt 9-2 is used to collect the inside of the human body.
  • the blood oxygen belt 9-1 and the deep temperature belt 9-2 are placed on the corresponding position of the headband, and the sensing part is located inside the headband.
  • the headband main control chip 8-3 is used to store the physical parameters measured by the blood oxygen zone 9-1 and the deep temperature zone 9-2 and send them to the mobile phone via Bluetooth transmission.
  • the battery module on the headband includes a headband battery unit 10-1, a headband power storage unit 10-2, and a headband optical switch 10-3.
  • the arrangement of the battery module on the headband is shown in Figure 10.
  • the headband battery unit 10-1 and the headband power storage unit 10-2 are arranged on the headband body 8-1, and the headband optical switch 10-3 is arranged on the outside of the headband.
  • the adjustable button is made of plastic in consideration of weight. Adjustable buttons can adjust the size of the vest, bracelet and headband to meet the body shape of different people and make people feel comfortable. In addition, the adjustable buttons at the shoulder strap of the vest can also adjust the height of the body surface temperature band, which enables the underarm body surface temperature band to be accurately located under the armpits of people with different physical signs, which increases the accuracy of the measurement.
  • Adjustable buttons on the left junction of the back piece of the vest and the right junction of the right front piece of the vest and the back piece of the vest can make the heart rate ECG and breathing belt close to the human body, facilitating the collection of relevant signs and signals; adjustable at the wristband The buttons can make the blood flow rate band and blood glucose band close to the skin, facilitating the collection of relevant signs and signals; the adjustable buttons at the headband can make the blood oxygen band and the deep temperature band close to the skin, facilitating the collection of relevant signs and signals.
  • the heart rate ECG belt contains a transformer, a flexible heart rate sensor, a signal amplifier circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a flexible ECG sensor and an AD8232 chip;
  • the breathing belt contains a transformer, a capacitive three-point resonant circuit, a flexible breathing sensor and Respiration control chip; body surface temperature band contains transformer, signal amplifier circuit, A/D conversion circuit and deep temperature control chip;
  • blood flow rate band contains transformer, flexible blood flow rate sensor and blood flow rate control chip;
  • blood glucose band contains transformer, Flexible blood glucose sensor and blood glucose control chip;
  • blood oxygen belt contains transformer, flexible blood oxygen sensor and blood oxygen control chip;
  • deep temperature belt contains transformer, flexible deep temperature sensor, signal amplifier circuit, A/D conversion circuit and deep temperature control chip.
  • Flexible body surface temperature sensor, flexible heart rate sensor, flexible breathing sensor, flexible blood flow rate sensor, flexible blood glucose sensor, flexible blood oxygen sensor and flexible deep temperature sensor are all made of flexible base layer, functional layer and flexible packaging layer, and are installed on the carrier
  • the inner surface of the sensor makes direct contact with the body surface of the human body. This requires that not only the sensor itself is stretchable and compressible, but also the biocompatibility of the sensor with the human body. Therefore, the materials used for the flexible substrate and flexible packaging layer should have the following points:
  • the material should have good elastic mechanical properties
  • the material should have good waterproof and breathable effect
  • the material can adapt to the complex morphology of the human body surface.
  • the sensor can improve the measurement of human body sign parameters
  • the sweat secreted by the sweat glands of the skin under the sensor device can be discharged into the air through the device in the form of water vapor to avoid accumulation of sweat and impregnation;
  • the functional layers of different flexible sensors are different.
  • a "snake-shaped" interconnection structure can be constructed, which has good mechanical properties.
  • the material of the functional layer can be selected from metals with good physical properties or conductive fillers are incorporated into polymers to obtain sensitive materials with higher physical properties.
  • the layered structure of the flexible body surface temperature sensor and the flexible heart rate sensor is shown in Figure 11, including: the flexible body surface temperature sensor and the encapsulation layer 11-1 of the flexible heart rate sensor, and the functional layer 11 of the flexible body surface temperature sensor and the flexible heart rate sensor -2 and the base layer 11-3 of the flexible body surface temperature sensor and the flexible heart rate sensor.
  • Flexible body surface temperature sensors and flexible heart rate sensors are used as inductive components of body surface temperature and heart rate circuits.
  • the functional layer receives temperature or vibration signals, the resistance of the inductive components will change accordingly, causing current changes, thereby reducing the temperature or vibration.
  • the signal is converted into an electrical signal.
  • the physical parameters of body surface temperature and heart rate are obtained and stored in the vest main control chip 2-15.
  • the functional layer of the flexible deep temperature sensor also adopts a "snake-shaped" interconnection structure.
  • the material of the functional layer is selected from metals with good physical properties or conductive fillers are incorporated into polymers to obtain sensitive materials with higher physical properties.
  • the layered structure of the flexible deep temperature sensor is shown in Figure 12, including: the encapsulation layer 12-1 of the flexible deep temperature sensor, the functional layer 12-2 of the flexible deep temperature sensor, the isolation layer 12-3 of the flexible deep temperature sensor and the flexible The base layer 12-4 of the deep temperature sensor. Integrate two flexible temperature sensors, separated by polymer in the middle.
  • the measurement principle is to use the differential measurement mode of multiple temperature sensors to perform non-invasive human deep temperature measurement.
  • the flexible deep temperature sensor is used as the inductance element of the deep temperature circuit.
  • the functional layer When the functional layer receives a temperature signal, the resistance of the inductance element will change accordingly, causing the current to change, thereby converting the temperature signal into an electrical signal. Through signal amplification and A/D conversion, the value of the temperature is obtained.
  • the deep temperature control chip According to the measured temperature value, the deep layer temperature will be calculated by the corresponding algorithm and transmitted to the headband main control chip 8-3.
  • the functional layer of the flexible breathing sensor uses an insulated coil bent into a certain shape, and the coil needs to form a closed loop on the chest and abdomen of the user, as shown in Figure 13.
  • the coil is used as the inductance element of the capacitor three-point resonant circuit. Breathing motion causes the change of the inductance of the coil, which causes the resonant condition of the resonant circuit to change, which causes the resonance amplitude and resonant frequency to change with the breathing motion.
  • the breathing control chip is used to control the resonance amplitude and resonance. The frequency is analyzed and processed, and the physical parameters of the respiratory movement are obtained by frequency modulation-detection, and transmitted to the vest main control chip 2-15.
  • the lead interface 2-13 of the breathing belt at the chest position and the lead interface 2-14 of the breathing belt at the abdomen position connect the flexible breathing sensors in the sub-chest breathing belt 3-2 and the abdominal breathing belt 3-3 to form a circle around the human body Close the sensor to make it work properly.
  • the working principle of the flexible blood flow rate sensor is to measure the blood flow rate by the thermal method.
  • the blood flow rate will cause the temporal and spatial distribution and changes of the body surface temperature field.
  • the temperature sensor monitors this change and combines with the heat transfer model or correlation analysis to deduct the blood flow rate.
  • the functional layer of the flexible blood flow rate sensor is shown in Figure 14.
  • a central heater 14-3 is provided in the center of the functional layer to artificially create body surface temperature rises.
  • Temperature Field The blood flow rate control chip is used to control the heating of the central heater, and analyze and process the temperature field information measured by the temperature sensor to obtain the blood flow rate sign parameters, and transmit them to the bracelet main control chip through the signal wire 14-1. 3 in.
  • the functional layer of the flexible blood glucose sensor is composed of a glucose sensor and a paper battery coated with a high concentration of hyaluronic acid on the positive electrode.
  • the electrochemical double-channel method is used to extract the glucose in the tissue fluid, which is sensed and measured by the glucose sensor.
  • the blood sugar control chip will analyze and process the data measured by the glucose sensor, and transmit the processed data to the bracelet main control chip 5-3.
  • the functional layer of the flexible blood oxygen sensor is composed of red and infrared LEDs and photodetectors.
  • the red and infrared LEDs are used as the light source.
  • the photodetector obtains the degree of light absorption and light scattering by the blood according to the effect of blood on light.
  • the control chip will analyze and process the data measured by the photodetector to obtain the blood oxygen parameters and transmit them to the headband main control chip 8-3.
  • the preparation process of the flexible sensor is shown in Fig. 15.
  • the sensitive material is processed by photolithography to form the desired functional layer shape, and then the processed functional layer is moved to the flexible substrate by transfer printing technology.
  • the conductive metal is processed by photolithography, processed into the desired electrode shape, and finally the electrode and the sensitive layer on the flexible substrate are flexibly packaged to prepare a flexible sensor.
  • FIG. 16 is a photolithography process diagram. The main steps of the photolithography process are:
  • the traditional photolithography process requires the material substrate to be flat, but for flexible materials such as polyimide, pretreatment must be performed during photolithography. It is necessary to adhere flexible materials such as polyimide on a clean substrate as a donor matrix. Multi-cloth cleaning is performed on the substrate to ensure close adhesion and avoid deviation caused by contamination during the photolithography process;
  • Sputter-deposited sensitive layer Sputter-deposit sensitive materials on the donor substrate to form the sensitive layer.
  • Deposition techniques include chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, etc. According to different deposited materials, select suitable deposition methods;
  • Glue, exposure, and development According to the required graphics, design the mask. By adjusting the speed of the homogenizer, the photoresist is evenly coated on the surface of the sensitive layer, and the photoresist is patterned through the mask through the steps of water removal baking, soft baking, hard baking, and the exposed part, The photoresist disappears, exposing the sensitive layer, the unexposed part, the photoresist still exists;
  • Patterned etching of the sensitive layer The sensitive layer not covered by photoresist will be etched by the etching solution to realize the transfer of the mask pattern to the sensitive layer pattern;
  • Figure 17(a)-(d) is a process diagram of transfer printing technology.
  • the main steps of transfer printing technology are:
  • a flexible material such as polyimide is used as the donor matrix 17-3, and the desired functional layer pattern 17-2 is prepared thereon;
  • the flexible seal 17-1 is torn up at a slow speed to ensure that the functional layer 17-2 that needs to be transferred remains on the acceptor substrate 17-4.
  • the flexible ECG sensor uses flexible fabric electrodes to convert bioelectric signals into hardware measurable electrical signals, and selects AD8232 with integrated operational amplifier, ADC digital-to-analog conversion, DSP digital filtering, and heart rate detection algorithm as the front-end conditioning chip for ECG signals.
  • AD8232 will analyze and process the signals measured by the flexible fabric electrodes, and transmit the processed ECG signals to the vest main control chip 2-15.
  • the measurement principle of the flexible heart rate sensor and the flexible breathing sensor can also be realized based on the piezoelectric effect.
  • the flexible piezoelectric film material can be selected from polyvinylidene fluoride with good piezoelectric properties and high flexibility, and the electrode can be selected from metals with good physical properties.
  • the layered structure of the flexible heart rate sensor and the flexible breathing sensor is shown in Figure 18, including: the encapsulation layer 18-1 of the flexible heart rate sensor and the flexible breathing sensor based on the piezoelectric effect, the upper electrode 18-2 of the flexible piezoelectric film, and the flexible The piezoelectric film 18-3, the lower electrode 18-4 of the flexible piezoelectric film, the base layer 18-5 of the flexible heart rate sensor and the flexible respiration sensor based on the piezoelectric effect.
  • the upper electrode 18-2 of the flexible piezoelectric film, the flexible piezoelectric film 18-3, and the lower electrode 18-4 of the flexible piezoelectric film constitute the functional layers of the flexible heart rate sensor and the flexible breathing sensor.
  • the flexible heart rate sensor and flexible breathing sensor are used as the sensing elements of the heart rate, respiration and blood pressure circuits.
  • the functional layer When the functional layer is excited by the user's heartbeat and breathing motion, the flexible piezoelectric film will bend, and the moment of bending will generate piezoelectricity. Electric charge, and accumulate at both ends of the upper and lower electrodes to produce a potential difference. In this way, the user's heart rate and breathing signals are converted into electrical signals.
  • the electrical signals stored with the heart rate and breathing information are transmitted to the AD8232 chip and the breathing control chip respectively.
  • the breathing control chip and the blood pressure chip After the analysis and processing of the AD8232 chip, the breathing control chip and the blood pressure chip, the user's heart rate and breathing sign parameters are obtained and transmitted To the vest main control chip 2-15.
  • the piezoelectric material polymer solution or melt surface in the syringe pump Under the action of the high-voltage electric field applied by the power supply, the piezoelectric material polymer solution or melt surface in the syringe pump generates electric charge, and is subjected to the combined action of electric field force and surface tension to form a conical liquid in the needle of electrospinning. Drops, called Taylor cones. If the voltage is continuously increased, the charged cone droplet overcomes the surface tension, gradually elongates and becomes thinner, breaks through the top of the cone and shoots toward the collecting substrate, and finally forms a fibrous film of piezoelectric material.
  • Adjustable buttons 2-6 on the left shoulder strap, adjustable buttons 2-7 on the right shoulder strap, can adjust the longitudinal size of the vest, adjustable buttons 2-8 on the left under the chest, and 2-10 adjustable buttons on the left abdomen , Adjustable button 2-9 on the right under the chest and adjustable button 2-11 on the right abdomen can adjust the horizontal size of the vest, the adjustable bracelet button 5-2 can adjust the diameter of the bracelet, and the headband can be adjusted The button 8-2 can adjust the diameter of the headband, so that the vest can meet the physique of different users and increase the comfort.
  • the buttons can be adjusted to make the flexible sensors close to the human body surface, which increases the accuracy of the measurement.
  • the left battery unit 4-1 and the right battery unit 4-2 adopt the principle of heat-electric conversion.
  • the P-type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor form a loop, in the presence of an external load, if the P-type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor The temperature of the two end faces is not the same, resulting in a temperature difference. Then the voltage and current can be generated in the loop.
  • the P-type semiconductor is the positive electrode of the battery
  • the N-type semiconductor is the negative electrode of the battery.
  • the vest is designed only in a normal environment. Work at temperature.
  • thermoelectric conversion device select the low-temperature thermoelectric material Bi 2 Te 3 , add appropriate amount of Se to Bi 2 Te 3 to obtain the N-type semiconductor required by the thermoelectric conversion device, add appropriate amount to Bi 2 Te 3 Sb can obtain the P-type semiconductor required by the thermoelectric conversion device, and its chemical formula is:
  • Figure 20 (a) and (b) show two forms of thermoelectric conversion circuits, both of which have been analyzed with the outside of metal 2 as a high-temperature heat source, and the outside of metal 1 as a low-temperature heat source. Only the metal 1 and metal 2 are changed. In the upper and lower order, it is found that the two forms of circuits in Figure 20 (a) and (b) both use P-type semiconductor as the positive electrode and N-type semiconductor as the negative electrode. Take the form of Fig. 20(a) as a unit and connect them in series to integrate the left battery cell 4-1. Similarly, take the form of Fig. 20(b) as a unit and connect them in series to integrate the right battery cell 4-2.
  • the circuit shown in Fig. 21 is designed, in which the thermal-electric conversion device on the left is a simplified version of the left battery unit 4-1, and the thermal on the right —The electrical conversion device is a simplification of the right battery unit 4-1, C is the power storage device, R is the various electrical devices in the sensor module, temperature switch A and temperature switch B have two temperature sensing probes 1 and 2, Among them, 1 is to detect the temperature of the external environment, 2 to detect the temperature of the human body.
  • the temperature switch A when the temperature measured by A1 is greater than or equal to the temperature measured by A1, A is disconnected, and when the temperature measured by A1 is less than A1 When the temperature is measured, A is closed.
  • For temperature switch B when the temperature measured by B1 is less than or equal to the temperature measured by B1, B is disconnected. When the temperature measured by B1 is less than the temperature measured by B1, B is closed.
  • the left power supply is connected in series with temperature switch A, and then connected in parallel with C and R, and the right power supply is connected in series with temperature switch B, and then connected in parallel with C and R.
  • the left side heat-electric conversion device works, on the one hand, it supplies energy to the various power-demanding devices in the vest, and on the other hand, it stores energy for the power storage device C;
  • the voltage generated by thermal-electric conversion can be calculated using the following formula:
  • U represents the thermoelectromotive force
  • S represents the sum of the Seebeck coefficients of the two conductors, which is related to the selected N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor materials
  • T h represents the temperature of the high-temperature heat source
  • T c represents the temperature of the low-temperature heat source.
  • the total voltage of the integrated battery is:
  • n is the number of (a) form or (b) form units in the integrated battery device.
  • the difference between the ambient temperature and the human body temperature does not change much. For this reason, in this embodiment, the number of n is increased as much as possible to increase the total voltage U total of the integrated battery.
  • the left battery unit 4-1 and the right battery unit 4-2 can also adopt a dynamic-electric conversion device to convert the user's biological kinetic energy into electrical energy.
  • the device is mainly composed of a metal coating on a flexible insulating pipe and a metal coating flexible insulating pipe covered by treated polydimethylsiloxane.
  • the metal coatings on the two flexible insulating pipes are used as the two electrodes of the device respectively. Among them, copper, gold, etc., which are excellent in conductivity, can be used as the metal.
  • the flexible insulating pipe material adopts ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and so on.
  • the treated polydimethylsiloxane will make it easy for polydimethylsiloxane to absorb negative charges.
  • ZL is a rectifier, whose purpose is to convert the alternating current produced by the power-to-electric conversion device into direct current.
  • B is a dynamic-electric conversion device, C is an energy storage device that can store electrical energy, and R is a variety of electrical devices in the sensor module.
  • S is a vibration sensor switch. There are three switch connectors S1, S2, S3 on the vibration sensor switch.
  • the S1 switch connector When the vibration sensor switch senses the user's vibration, the S1 switch connector is connected to the S2 switch connector, and the S1 switch connector is connected to the S3 switch connector; when there is no external vibration, the S1 switch connector is disconnected from the S2 switch connector, and the S1 switch connector is connected to the S3 switch The joints are connected. According to this embodiment, it is necessary to always be in the working state and combined with the actual situation of whether the user is exercising or not, the circuit is described in two situations:
  • the S1 switch connector on the vibration sensor switch is connected to the S2 switch connector, and the S1 switch connector is connected to the S3 switch connector.
  • the power-to-electric conversion device converts kinetic energy into electrical energy on the one hand to provide energy for R, on the other hand, it stores electrical energy in the energy storage device C;
  • the structure of the power-to-electric conversion device is shown in Figure 24. Only the metal-coated flexible insulating tube is braided as one surface, and the metal-coated flexible insulating tube covered by polydimethylsiloxane is braided as the other surface. Taking into account that in order to further expand the contact between the two surfaces, which is beneficial to electrostatic induction, the knitting pattern adopts 5X5. It is sewn on the carrier of the embodiment.
  • the bracelet battery device 7-1 and the headband battery device 10-1 adopt photovoltaic in-situ integrated batteries based on photo-electric conversion. It is mainly fabricated and assembled layer by layer in situ by photoelectric conversion functional thin film components and electricity storage functional thin film components. From top to bottom, it is the base layer/electrode, the photovoltaic cell part, the transition electrode, the energy storage part, and the base layer/electrode.
  • the photovoltaic cell part can use:
  • the silicon substrate When there is sunlight, the silicon substrate will produce a photoelectric effect, and when the two ends are connected into a circuit, there will be electric current;
  • a sensitized solar cell composed of a conductive substrate, a semiconductor nano-porous film, a dye sensitizer, an electrolyte containing a redox couple and a counter electrode.
  • the dye molecules When there is sunlight, the dye molecules are excited from the ground state to the excited state, and electrons are injected into the semiconductor nanoporous film. The electrons can be quickly enriched in the conductive substrate and flow to the counter electrode through an external wire;
  • a formal perovskite solar cell composed of a conductive layer, an electron transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, a hole transport layer and an electrode, and a conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, and an electron transport layer Trans-perovskite solar cell composed of electrodes and electrodes.
  • the perovskite light-absorbing layer When there is sunlight, the perovskite light-absorbing layer will generate a large number of electron-hole pairs. The electrons and holes are collected by the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer and transported to the electrode. When the two ends are connected to form a circuit, There will be electric current.
  • the performance of the photovoltaic cell part can be calculated with the following formula:
  • E solar is the photoelectric conversion power
  • t is the sunlight irradiation time
  • a solar is the area where the photovoltaic cell partially absorbs light.
  • P in is the incident optical power density, the international standard is 100mW/cm 2 .
  • the sunlight exposure time depends on many factors such as the weather, the user's time outdoors and so on. In order to improve the performance of the photovoltaic cell part, this embodiment maximizes the area A solar where the photovoltaic cell part absorbs light.
  • the energy storage part can use capacitors or lithium batteries to store electrical energy.
  • a metal with good conductivity can be used for the electrode.
  • R is various electrical devices in the sensor module
  • G is a light sensor switch.
  • the light sensor switch is provided with three switch connectors a, b, and c. When there is light outside, the switch a connector is connected to the switch c connector, and when there is no light outside, the switch a connector is connected to the switch b connector.
  • R is connected in series through a wire, and R is connected to the base/electrode through a wire.
  • b is connected to the transition electrode through a wire
  • c is connected to the base layer/electrode through a wire.
  • the a switch connector on the light sensor switch is connected to the c switch connector.
  • the photovoltaic cell part works. On the one hand, it converts light energy into electric energy to provide energy for R, and on the other hand, it stores the electric energy in the energy storage part;
  • the vest there are wires inside the left front piece 2-2 of the vest, the right front piece 2-3 of the vest, and the back piece 2-1 of the vest.
  • the heart rate ECG belt 3-4 and the vest main control chip 2-15 are connected with wires to connect the body surface temperature belt 3-1, chest breathing belt 3-2, abdominal breathing belt 3-3, heart rate heart
  • the user's physical parameter signal measured by the electric belt 3-4 is transmitted to the vest main control chip 2-15, and the left battery device 4-1 and the right battery device 4-2 are connected to the transformer through wires, and the voltage is changed, and then passed through
  • the wires are connected with the body surface temperature belt 3-1, the chest breathing belt 3-2, the abdominal breathing belt 3-3, the heart rate electrocardiogram belt 3-4, and the vest main control chip 2-15, which are used to transmit electric energy.
  • the wristband there is a wire inside the body 5-1 of the wristband.
  • the blood flow rate band 6-1, the blood glucose band 6-2 and the main control chip 5-3 of the wristband are connected with wires to connect the blood flow rate band. 6-1.
  • the user's physical sign parameter signals measured by the blood glucose belt 6-2 are transmitted to the bracelet main control chip 5-3, the bracelet battery device 7-1 is connected to the transformer through a wire, the voltage is changed, and then they are passed through the wires respectively It is connected with the blood flow rate belt 6-1, the blood glucose belt 6-2 and the bracelet main control chip 5-3, and is used to transmit electric energy.
  • the headband there is a wire inside the headband body 8-1, and the blood oxygen band 9-1, the deep temperature band 9-2 and the headband main control chip 8-3 are connected by wires to connect the blood oxygen
  • the user's physical parameter signals measured by the belt 9-1 and the deep temperature belt 9-2 are transmitted to the headband main control chip 8-3, and the headband battery device 10-1 is connected to the transformer through a wire, and the voltage is changed, and then separately It is connected to the blood oxygen belt 9-1, the deep temperature belt 9-2 and the headband main control chip 8-3 through wires, and is used to transmit electric energy.
  • the information transmission, information processing and feedback modules include mobile terminals, various databases and institutional facilities.
  • the mobile phone terminal serves as a transfer station for storing and sending data, and on the other hand, it also analyzes and processes the stored data and alarms abnormal data.
  • a variety of databases and institutional facilities include large databases, sub-health and disease databases, disease control centers, pharmaceutical institutions, and hospital institutions.
  • a variety of databases and institutional facilities are used to receive the data about the user’s physical parameters, personal information and geographic location sent from the mobile phone, and perform step-by-step analysis and processing on the received user’s physical parameters. Through the analysis and processing, the use of The health status of the user is sent to the mobile phone in the form of a form to give feedback to the user. In addition, emergency treatment is also performed on the alarm of the mobile phone terminal.
  • the vest main control chip 2-15, the bracelet main control chip 5-3, and the headband main control chip 7-3 in the information collection module are used to collect the storage body surface temperature zone 3-1 and the chest breathing zone 3-2 on the one hand.
  • the collected information about the user’s physical parameters will be transmitted to the mobile phone via Bluetooth transmission for the next step of analysis and processing and feedback.
  • the framework of information transmission, information processing, and feedback is shown in Figure 27.
  • the entire transmission process will process the collected personal information and physical parameters of the user through five levels of analysis and processing, and send the resulting form to the mobile phone for feedback, and According to the results, users will be arranged for relevant medical treatment.
  • the whole process is based on the Internet. The entire process will be described below based on Figure 27.
  • the user first enters his personal information (such as gender, race, age, etc.) into the mobile phone, and the main control chip will continuously transmit the collected information about the user's physical parameters to the mobile phone via Bluetooth.
  • the person’s health pre-value is set in the mobile phone in advance, and the mobile phone will perform the first-level analysis and processing on the collected information. If the collected information does not exceed the set health pre-value of the person, the mobile phone will collect the information. Carry out data sorting on the information, and wirelessly transmit it to a large database on a daily basis and at a fixed point. These sorted day’s physical parameters, personal information, and geographic location are wirelessly transmitted to the large database. If the received user's physical sign parameters exceed the pre-set health pre-value, the mobile phone will immediately alarm.
  • the mobile phone will immediately wirelessly transmit the abnormal physical sign data, personal information and geographic location of the user to the hospital database and notify the user that emergency treatment is needed.
  • the hospital database will select a nearby hospital according to the user’s geographic location and determine the user’s abnormal physical sign. Data and personal information are transmitted to the hospital, and the hospital will provide emergency medical rescue to the user.
  • the large database will perform the second-level analysis and processing of the user’s physical parameters, personal information and the user’s geographic location from the mobile phone.
  • the physical parameters, gender, race, age, etc. of the person in the large database will be analyzed and processed. Compare the received information, divide the received information into abnormal indicators and normal indicators and deal with them separately. For normal indicators, the user’s health status at this time will be sent to the mobile phone in the form of a report; for abnormal indicators, these data information, personal information, and geographic location will be sent to Subhealth through wireless transmission. Perform the third-level analysis and processing with the disease database.
  • the sub-health and disease database analyzes and processes the collected abnormal index data information, compares the existing data in the sub-health and disease database, and divides the abnormal index data information into sub-health information and disease information.
  • Sub-health information will respond in a targeted manner, give mobile phone feedback, generate a report sheet to inform users of the health status at this time, and give solutions to the sub-health status at this time; for disease information, it will report disease information and personal information.
  • the information and geographic location are sent to the sub-health and disease database through wireless transmission for the fourth level of analysis and processing.
  • the Center for Disease Control analyzes and processes the received disease data. First, it will determine which area the user is in based on the location of the user’s mobile phone. Secondly, the disease caused by the data information of these abnormal indicators will be divided into mild diseases and non-mild diseases. Diseases. For minor diseases, the data will be sent to the drug institution closest to the user for the third level of analysis and processing; for non-minor diseases, the data will be sent to the hospital institution closest to the user for the third level of analysis. Five-level analysis and processing.
  • the drug institution will analyze and process the collected information through the drug database, configure the required drug measurement according to various minor diseases, and link various minor diseases with the corresponding drug window of various minor diseases, and measure the drugs Send to the drug window, the drug window will first select the drug according to the drug measurement, and then send the user's health status to the mobile phone in the form of a report form, and notify the user to go to the drug corresponding to the minor disease. Take medicine from the window.
  • the hospital organization will classify these non-minor diseases through specific analysis and judgment of the hospital database and send them to the departments related to the disease, and notify the relevant professional doctors to issue notices for users to come here for medical treatment.
  • both the Bluetooth transmission technology and the wireless transmission technology are mature and can be used directly.

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Abstract

一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，包括：信息采集模块，以可穿戴设备为载体，在可穿戴设备上分别布设柔性传感器，用于实现心率、心电、呼吸、温度、血液流速、血糖以及血氧参数的实时采集；信息传输模块，用于将采集到的信息通过无线方式传输至信息处理及反馈模块；信息处理及反馈模块，用于对接收到的数据信息进行分级处理，将数据信息对应的健康状况反馈给信息传输模块，信息传输模块将反馈的健康状况数据与预设的健康阈值进行比对，判断是否进行报警处理。应用柔性传感器可以更好的检测使用者的体征参数，用热-电转换装置供电可以减少对环境的污染，用手机和互联网可以进行数据的传输与反馈进而把使用者与机构一起看做一个物联网，能够实时进行数据的传输和反馈。

Description

基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗健康技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统。
背景技术
本部分的陈述仅仅是提供了与本发明相关的背景技术信息，不必然构成在先技术。
在科学技术迅速发展的今天，便捷、智能、绿色成为了各个行业领域发展的主题。传统医疗作为一个特殊的行业存在，由于其自身体系的独特性与封闭性，传统医疗程序的缺点越发明显，逐渐不能够满足人们的需要。
随着传感技术的快速发展及在互联网技术逐渐渗入各个领域的大背景下，医疗健康领域与传感技术、互联网相结合的方式能够改善传统医疗模式的弊端，具有很大的现实意义。传感技术能够将使用者的生物信号测得，并通过信息传输将这些信息传输给设备或机构，通过这些设备或机构对信息的分析给予使用者反馈。由此，基于互联网的可穿戴智能传感设备应运而生。
可穿戴设备中最重要的部分之一是信息采集部分，而信息采集所用到的传感器是柔性还是刚性决定了可穿戴设备的舒适度及测量的精准性。柔性传感器用于医疗健康领域时具有舒适、精准两大特点。刚性传感器多为平面、硬质且不可变形，与人体集成时形成的是点对面、硬对软的接触界面；与之相比，柔性传感器柔软，易变形，易与人体集成形成面对面、软对软的接触界面，从而实现更加舒适精准的医疗健康监测。
目前已有许多专利进行了可穿戴智能传感设备的研究。比如：
现有技术公开了一种智能传感背心。以背心为载体，在背心的胸下位置设有胸部呼吸带，腹部位置设有腹部呼吸带，在胸部位置的外侧设有卡接式传感器连接口，右肩带中部设有电池连接口，胸部呼吸带、腹部呼吸带支持心率、心电、呼吸参数的采集。传感器连接口安装无线传感器，无线传感器用于将胸部呼吸带、腹部呼吸带采集的体征参数通过电信号的无线传输发送到外部监控设备。
现有技术公开了一种可穿戴式生理传感设备。以手环为载体，上面设有指标采集计算单元、微处理器单元、数据存储单元、无线发送单元、电源管理单元、震动传感器、无线接收单元以及显示设备。
现有技术公开了基于单片机的智能穿戴设备，该设备包括控制模块、姿态检测模块、温度采集模块、通信模块和显示模块。温度采集模块、姿态检测模块实时检测使用者的体征信号，并将信号送入控制模块进行处理，控制模块根据姿态检测模块发送的信号来判断人体活动状态，将判断结果在显示模块中进行显示并通过通信模块送至上位机。
以上这些可穿戴的智能传感设备，传感器测得的信息通过储存设备储存信息并通过无线传输给外部监控设备，但并没有做到给予使用者一个明确的反馈。此外，锂聚合物电池的使 用也对环境造成了一定程度的污染。
现有技术公开了一种基于Zigbee技术的智能医疗系统。系统包括第一传感器模块、第二传感器模块、报警模块、智能手表、若干Zigbee协调器。各Zigbee协调器均通过网关设备与服务器通信。第一传感器模块用于检测病房情况，第二传感器模块用于检测病房外楼道的情况，智能手表用于检测病房中病人的生理情况。第一传感器模块、第二传感器模块、报警模块会通过Zigbee协调器与服务器通信，智能手表通过网关设备直接与服务器通信。实现病房温湿度检测，火灾监测与报警。同时，医生和护士能查询病人的详细信息。
这种监护系统只能限制在一定的空间内，并不能够进行在任意空间种对使用者进行实时的医疗监护。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明公开了一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，应用柔性传感器可以更好的检测使用者的体征参数，用热—电转换装置供电可以减少对环境的污染，用手机和互联网可以进行数据的传输与反馈进而把使用者与机构一起看做一个物联网，能够实时进行数据的传输和反馈。
在一些实施方式中，采用如下技术方案：
一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，包括：
信息采集模块，以可穿戴设备为载体，在所述可穿戴设备上分别布设柔性传感器，用于实现心率、心电、呼吸、温度、血液流速、血糖以及血氧参数的实时采集；
信息传输模块，用于将采集到的信息通过无线方式传输至信息处理及反馈模块；
信息处理及反馈模块，用于对接收到的数据信息进行分级处理，将所述数据信息对应的健康状况反馈给信息传输模块，信息传输模块将反馈的健康状况数据与预设的健康阈值进行比对，判断是否进行报警处理。
其中，可穿戴设备包括：可穿戴背心；所述可穿戴背心包括背心后片、背心左前片和背心右前片；背心右前片胸前部位的内侧面上设有心率心电带，用于采集穿戴者心率、心电参数，在所述背心左前片、右前片和背心后片内侧的腹部位置设有呼吸带，围绕身体一周，用于采集呼吸参数，在背心左前片内侧的腋下位置设有体表温度带，用于采集体表温度参数；在背心右前片外侧面上设有第一主控芯片，用于储存以背心为载体所采集到的各类体征参数；所述心率心电带、呼吸带和体表温度带分别与第一主控芯片连接。
可穿戴设备还包括：手环，所述手环的内侧设有血液流速带，用于采集血液流速参数；所述手环的内侧设有血糖带，用于采集血糖参数；在手环本体的外侧面上设有第二主控芯片，用于储存以手环为载体所采集到的各类体征参数；所述血液流速带和血糖带分别与第二主控芯片连接。
可穿戴设备还包括：头带，将带状结构首尾通过可调节纽扣相连接；所述头带内侧设有血氧带，用于采集血氧参数，在头带设有深层温度带，用于采集深层温度参数；在头带外侧面上设有第三主控芯片，用于储存以头带为载体所采集到的各类体征参数；所述血氧带和深 层温度带分别与第三主控芯片连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)以背心为信息采集的载体，可以紧贴使用者的身体，方便传感器的采集工作，此外可调节纽扣的设计可以根据人的体征来调节，一方面满足了人的穿着舒适度，另一方面能够使传感原件能够紧贴人的体表，增加了测量的准确度，拉链的设计方便了人们的穿戴；
(2)心率心电带、呼吸带、体表温度带、血液流速带、血糖带、血氧带、深层温度带内置柔性传感器，并支持心率、心电、呼吸、温度、血糖、血氧等参数的采集。此外，柔性传感器具有轻便，可拉伸的特点，给使用者更加舒适的体验；
(3)基于热—电转换、光—电转换和动—电转换装置的电池，减少了对传统化学电池的依赖，减轻了对环境的污染，此外通过电路设计，致使所设计的热—电转换装置能够保证背心时刻处于工作状态，把使用者的信息时刻地采集下来，以便后续的分析处理并给予使用者反馈；
(4)主控芯片会通过蓝牙传输，将使用者的体征参数传输到手机中，在手机中设有的健康预值报警装置可以应对使用者突发紧急疾病的状况。此外，手机以天为周期定时地发送使用者的体征参数信息给数据库进行分析处理，并会将健康状况发送至手机，以便使用者观看。
(5)通过数据库对数据进行分级分析处理，可以对所收到的数据进行更加细化的判别，并对所分析到的结果进行不同的处理并给予使用者反馈，如果使用者是处于健康或者亚健康状态，将会给手机下发相应的表单，如果使用者是存在轻微疾病或重大疾病，一方面会给手机下发表单，另一方面会给相关机构传输信息并安排患者就医。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统的总体结构图；
图2(a)-(b)为本发明实施例背心的主视图和后视图；
图3(a)-(b)为本发明实施例体表温度带、呼吸带和心率心电带在背心位置的主视图和后视图；
图4(a)-(b)为本发明实施例电池模块在背心位置的主视图和后视图；
图5为本发明实施例手环示意图；
图6为本发明实施例血液流速带和血糖带在手环的位置图；
图7为本发明实施例电池单元在手环的位置图；
图8为本发明实施例头带示意图；
图9为本发明实施例血氧带、深层温度带在头带的位置图；
图10为本发明实施例电池单元在头带位置图；
图11为本发明实施例柔性体表温度传感器、柔性心率传感器的分层结构图；
图12为本发明实施例柔性深层温度传感器的分层结构图；
图13为本发明实施例柔性呼吸传感器的线圈结构；
图14为本发明实施例柔性血液流速传感器的功能层；
图15为本发明实施例柔性传感器的制备流程；
图16为本发明实施例光刻工艺流程图；
图17(a)-(d)为本发明实施例转移打印工艺流程图；
图18为本发明实施例基于压电效应的柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器的分层结构图；
图19为本发明实施例静电纺丝工艺流程图；
图20(a)-(b)分别为本发明实施例热—电转换原理图；
图21为本发明实施例热—电转换电池模块为传感模块供电图；
图22为本发明实施例动—电转换原理图；
图23为本发明实施例动—电转换电池模块为传感模块供电图；
图24为本发明实施例动—电转换电池模块结构形式图；
图25为本发明实施例光—电转换电池模块为传感模块供电图；
图26为本发明实施例信息采集模块框架图；
图27为本发明实施例信息传输、信息处理及反馈模块框架图；
图中，2-1为背心后片，2-2为背心左前片，2-3为背心右前片，2-4为左肩带，2-5为右肩带，2-6为左肩带的可调节纽扣，2-7为右肩带的可调节纽扣，2-8为左边胸下位置的可调节纽扣，2-9为右边胸下位置的可调节纽扣，2-10为左边腹部位置的可调节纽扣，2-11为右边腹部位置的可调节纽扣，2-12为开口拉链，2-13为胸部位置呼吸带的导线接口，2-14为腹部位置呼吸带的导线接口，2-15为背心主控芯片；
3-1为体表温度带，3-2为胸下呼吸带，3-3为腹部呼吸带，3-4为心率心电带；
4-1为左电池单元4-2为右电池单元，4-3为温度开关A，4-4为温度开关B，4-5为储电单元；
5-1为手环本体，5-2为手环可调节纽扣，5-3为手环主控芯片；
6-1为血液流速带，6-2为血糖带；
7-1为手环电池装置，7-2为手环储电装置，7-3为手环光感开关；
8-1为头带本体，8-2为头带可调节纽扣，8-3为头带主控芯片；
9-1为血氧带，9-2为深层温度带；
10-1为头带电池装置，10-2为头带储电装置，10-3为头带光感开关；
11-1为柔性体表温度传感器和柔性心率传感器的封装层，11-2为柔性体表温度传感器和柔性心率传感器的功能层，11-3为柔性体表温度传感器和柔性心率传感器的基底层；
12-1为柔性深层温度传感器的封装层，12-2为柔性深层温度传感器的功能层，12-3为柔性深层温度传感器的隔离层，12-4为柔性深层温度传感器的基底层；
14-1为信号导线，14-2为温度传感器，14-3为中心加热器；
17-1为柔性图章，17-2为想要的功能层，17-3为施主基体，17-4为受主基体；
18-1为基于压电效应的柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器的封装层，18-2为柔性压电薄膜的上电极，18-3为柔性压电薄膜，18-4为柔性压电薄膜的下电极，18-5为基于压电效应 的柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器的基底层。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本发明使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
实施例一
在一个或多个实施方式中，公开了一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，如图1所示，包括：
信息采集模块，以背心、手环和头带为载体，在其上分别布设柔性传感器，用于实现心率、心电、呼吸、温度、血液流速、血糖以及血氧参数的实时采集；
信息传输模块，用于将采集到的信息通过蓝牙传输方式传输至信息处理及反馈模块；
信息处理及反馈模块，用于对接收到的数据信息进行分级处理，将所述数据信息对应的健康状况反馈给信息传输模块，信息传输模块将反馈的健康状况数据与预设的健康阈值进行比对，判断是否进行报警处理。
本实施例中，信息传输模块采用手机终端，手机终端一方面充当信息传输的中介，用来存储使用者的个人信息及信息采集模块发送而来的信息，并以天为周期定时的通过无线传输向信息处理及反馈模块发送信息，并会接收信息处理及反馈模块及相关机构发送的健康状况的反馈；另一方面也充当报警系统，当信息采集模块发送而来的信息超过手机中所设定的人的健康预值时，会直接向附近的医院报警，医院会采取措施进行抢救。
本实施例中，信息处理及反馈模块为多种数据库和机构设施；信息处理及反馈模块接收手机发送而来的关于使用者体征参数、个人信息及地理位置的数据，并对接收到的使用者体征参数进行逐级分析处理，通过分析处理，会将使用者的健康情况以表单的形式下发到手机终端中，给予使用者反馈。此外，并对手机终端发送而来的报警信息采取紧急处理，给予反馈。
具体地，背心的结构如图2(a)-(b)所示，其加工面料采用CoolMax纤维，保证了使用者穿戴的舒适性。背心本体由背心后片2-1，背心左前片2-2，背心右前片2-3及用于连接背心后片2-1与背心左前片2-2的左肩带2-4、连接背心后片2-1与背心右前片2-3的右肩带2-5组成。
背心由背心左前片2-2，背心后片2-1，背心右前片2-3，依次缝制成筒状而成，背心的左肩带2-4处设有左肩带的可调节纽扣2-6，背心的右肩带2-5处设有右肩带的可调节纽扣2-7，背心左前片2-2与背心后片2-1的左侧交界的胸下位置、腹部位置处分别设有左边胸下 位置的可调节纽扣2-8、左边腹部位置的可调节纽扣2-10，背心右前片2-3与背心后片2-1的右侧交界的胸下位置、腹部位置处分别设有右边胸下位置的可调节纽扣2-9、右边腹部位置的可调节纽扣2-11，背心的背心左前片2-2，背心右前片2-3之间设有开口拉链2-12，开口拉链2-12一直延伸至领口，背心在拉链的两侧胸下位置和腹部位置分别设有呼吸带的导线接口2-13、导线接口2-14，通过导线接口是把背心左前片和背心右前片的呼吸带内部的敏感层连接起来，构成围绕人体一周的闭合柔性呼吸传感器，使其正常工作。
背心在右前片2-3上设有背心主控芯片2-15，为了美观，背心主控芯片2-15外表制成徽章样式。
背心上的传感模块包含体表温度带3-1、胸部呼吸带3-2、腹部呼吸带3-3、心率心电带3-4和背心主控芯片2-15。体表温度带3-1、胸部呼吸带3-2、腹部呼吸带3-3、心率心电带3-4在背心的布置如图3(a)-(b)所示，在背心左前片2-2的腋下位置设有体表温度带3-1，用于采集体表温度等参数，在背心左前片2-2的胸下位置和腹部位置、背心右前片2-3的胸下位置和腹部位置和背心后片2-1的胸下位置和腹部位置处设有胸下呼吸带3-2和腹部呼吸带3-3，胸下呼吸带3-2和腹部呼吸带3-3围绕身体一周，用于采集呼吸参数，在背心右前片2-3的胸部位置设有心率心电带3-4，用于采集心率、心电等参数。体表温度带3-1、胸下呼吸带3-2、腹部呼吸带3-3、心率心电带3-4均缝制在背心的相应位置上，并让传感部分位于背心的内测面上。背心主控芯片2-15用于储存体表温度带3-1、胸部呼吸带3-2、腹部呼吸带3-3、心率心电带3-4所测得的体征参数并将其通过蓝牙传输发送至手机终端。
背心上的电池模块包含左电池单元4-1、右电池单元4-2、温度开关A4-3、温度开关B4-4和储电单元4-5。电池模块在背心上的布置如图4(a)-(b)所示，在背心左前片2-2上设有左电池单元4-1，在背心右前片2-3上设有右电池单元4-2，在背心左前片2-2和右前片3上设有温度开关A4-3、温度开关B4-4，在背心后片2-1上设有储电单元4-5。
手环的结构如图5所示，由一个条状结构首尾相连制成手环本体5-1，手环本体5-1由CoolMax纤维编织而成。条状结构首尾相连的位置处设有手环可调节纽扣5-2，在手环本体上5-1设有手环主控芯片5-3。为了美观，手环主控芯片5-3外表制成图标样式。
手环上的传感模块包含血液流速带6-1、血糖带6-2和手环主控芯片5-3。血液流速带6-1和血糖带6-2在手环上的布置如图6所示，血液流速带6-1用于采集血液流速等参数，血糖带6-2用于采集血糖等参数，血液流速带6-1和血糖带6-2均安置在手环相应位置上，并让传感部分位于手环内侧。手环主控芯片5-3用于储存血液流速带6-1和血糖带6-2所测得的体征参数并将其通过蓝牙传输发送至手机终端。
手环上的电池模块包含手环电池单元7-1、手环储电单元7-2和手环光感开关7-3。电池模块在手环上的布置如图7所示。手环电池单元7-1、手环储电单元7-2安置在手环本体上5-1，手环光感开关7-3安置在手环外侧。
头带的结构如图8所示，由一个带状结构首尾相连制成头带本体8-1，头带本体8-1由CoolMax纤维编织而成。带状结构首尾相连的位置处设有头带可调节纽扣8-2，在头带本体上 8-1设有头带主控芯片8-3。为了美观，头带主控芯片8-3外表制成图标样式。
头带上的传感模块包含血氧带9-1、深层温度带9-2和头带主控芯片8-3。血氧带9-1和深层温度带9-2在头带上的布置如图9所示，血氧带9-1用于采集血氧等参数，深层温度带9-2用于采集人体内部温度等参数，血氧带9-1和深层温度带9-2均安置在头带相应位置上，并让传感部分位于头带内侧。头带主控芯片8-3用于储存血氧带9-1和深层温度带9-2所测得的体征参数并将其通过蓝牙传输发送至手机。
头带上的电池模块包含头带电池单元10-1、头带储电单元10-2和头带光感开关10-3。电池模块在头带上的布置如图10所示。头带电池单元10-1、头带储电单元10-2安置在头带本体上8-1，头带光感开关10-3安置在头带外侧。
本实施例中，可调节纽扣考虑重量，用塑料加工制成。可调节纽扣可以调节背心、手环和头带的大小，以满足不同人的体型，使人感到舒适。此外，背心肩带处的可调节纽扣还可以调节体表温度带的高低，能够使腋下体表温度带能够准确的位于不同体征的人的腋下，增加了测量的准确度，背心左前片与背心后片的左侧交界部位和背心右前片与背心后片的右侧交界部位的可调节纽扣可以使心率心电带、呼吸带紧贴人体，便于采集相关体征信号；手环处的可调节纽扣可以使血液流速带、血糖带紧贴皮肤，便于采集相关体征信号；头带处的可调节纽扣可以使血氧带、深层温度带紧贴皮肤，便于采集相关体征信号。
本实施例中，心率心电带内含变压器、柔性心率传感器、信号放大电路、A/D转换电路、柔性心电传感器和AD8232芯片；呼吸带内含变压器、电容三点式谐振电路、柔性呼吸传感器和呼吸控制芯片；体表温度带内含变压器、信号放大电路、A/D转换电路和深层温度控制芯片；血液流速带内含变压器、柔性血液流速传感器和血液流速控制芯片；血糖带内含变压器、柔性血糖传感器和血糖控制芯片；血氧带内含变压器、柔性血氧传感器和血氧控制芯片；深层温度带内含变压器、柔性深层温度传感器、信号放大电路、A/D转换电路和深层温度控制芯片。
柔性体表温度传感器、柔性心率传感器、柔性呼吸传感器、柔性血液流速传感器、柔性血糖传感器、柔性血氧传感器和柔性深层温度传感器均采用柔性基底层、功能层和柔性封装层制成，安装在载体的内表面，使得传感器与人体体表直接接触。这就要求不但要考虑传感器本身可拉伸、可压缩的特点外，还需考虑传感器与人体的生物相容性。因此，柔性基底和柔性封装层所用材料应该具备以下几点：
(1)材料应具备良好的弹性力学性能；
(2)材料应该具有良好的防水透气效果；
(3)材料能够适应人体体表的复杂形貌。
这样可以使得：
(1)传感器能够提高对人体体征参数的测量；
(2)传感器件下方的皮肤汗腺分泌的汗液能以水蒸气的形式通过器件排到空气中，避免汗液堆积形成浸渍；
(3)外界气体可以穿过器件到达皮肤表面，完成体表呼吸活动。
同时兼具良好防水性，外界液体与体表汗液均无法进入器件功能层造成电路短路失效。
不同柔性传感器的功能层是不同的，对于柔性体表温度传感器、柔性心率传感器的功能层可以采用构建“蛇形”互联结构，这样的结构具有很好的力学性能。功能层的材料可以选择对物理性能好的金属或在聚合物中掺入导电填充物来获得物理性能较高的敏感材料。柔性体表温度传感器、柔性心率传感器的分层结构如图11所示，包括：柔性体表温度传感器和柔性心率传感器的封装层11-1，柔性体表温度传感器和柔性心率传感器的功能层11-2和柔性体表温度传感器和柔性心率传感器的基底层11-3。
柔性体表温度传感器、柔性心率传感器作为体表温度、心率电路的电感元件，当功能层接受到温度或震动信号时，电感元件的电阻会随之发生变化，引起电流变化，从而将温度或震动信号转化为电信号，通过信号放大、A/D转换，得到体表温度、心率的体征参数并储存在背心主控芯片2-15中。
柔性深层温度传感器的功能层同样采用构建“蛇形”互联结构，功能层的材料选择对物理性能好的金属或在聚合物中掺入导电填充物来获得物理性能较高的敏感材料。柔性深层温度传感器的分层结构如图12所示，包括：柔性深层温度传感器的封装层12-1，柔性深层温度传感器的功能层12-2，柔性深层温度传感器的隔离层12-3和柔性深层温度传感器的基底层12-4。将两个柔性温度传感器集成，中间用聚合物隔开。测量原理为利用多温度传感器的差分测量模式进行非介入式人体深部温度测量。柔性深层温度传感器作为深层温度电路的电感元件。当功能层接受到温度信号时，电感元件的电阻会随之发生变化，引起电流变化，从而将温度信号转化为电信号，通过信号放大、A/D转换，得到温度的数值，深层温度控制芯片会根据测得的温度的数值通过相应的算法将深层温度求出并将其传输至头带主控芯片8-3中。
柔性呼吸传感器的功能层采用弯曲成一定形状的绝缘线圈，该线圈需要在使用者的胸部和腹部分别形成闭合回路，如图13所示。该线圈作为电容三点式谐振电路的电感元件，呼吸运动引起线圈电感量的改变，导致谐振电路谐振条件改变，从而引起谐振幅度和谐振频率随呼吸运动而变化，呼吸控制芯片用于对谐振幅度和谐振频率进行分析处理，采用调频—检波得到呼吸运动的体征参数，并将其传输至背心主控芯片2-15中。
胸部位置呼吸带的导线接口2-13和腹部位置呼吸带的导线接口2-14是把胸下呼吸带3-2和腹部呼吸带3-3内的柔性呼吸传感器连接起来，构成一个围绕人体一周的闭合传感器，使其正常工作。
对于柔性血液流速传感器的工作原理是热学法测量血液流速，血液流速会引起体表温度场时空分布与变化，通过温度传感器监测该变化并结合传热学模型或相关性分析可以反推出血液流速。
柔性血液流速传感器的功能层如图14所示，在功能层的中心位置设有中心加热器14-3，用于人为制造体表温升，四周分布两圈温度传感器14-2，用于测量温度场。血液流速控制芯 片用于控制中心加热器加热，并对温度传感器所测得的温度场信息进行分析处理得到血液流速体征参数，并通过信号导线14-1将其传输至手环主控芯片5-3中。
柔性血糖传感器的功能层由葡萄糖传感器、在正极涂有高浓度透明质酸的纸电池组成。利用电化学双通道法将组织液中的葡萄糖引出，并由葡萄糖传感器感知并测量。血糖控制芯片会根据葡萄糖传感器所测得的数据进行分析处理，并将处理好的数据传输至手环主控芯片5-3中。
对于柔性血氧传感器的功能层由红光及红外LED和光电探测器组成，红光及红外LED作为光源，光电探测器根据血液对光的作用，得到血液对光吸收程度和光散射程度，血氧控制芯片会根据光电探测器测量的数据进行分析处理，得到血氧参数并将其传输至头带主控芯片8-3中。
对于柔性传感器的制备流程如图15所示，首先用光刻工艺对敏感材料进行加工，加工成想要的功能层形状，再通过转移打印技术将加工后的功能层移动到柔性基板上，此外，对导电金属进行光刻加工，加工成想要电极形状，最后把电极、在柔性基板上的敏感层进行柔性封装，制备成柔性传感器。
图16为光刻工艺图，光刻工艺的主要步骤为：
(1)对基片进行清洗处理：传统的光刻工艺需要材料衬底保持平坦，而对于聚酰亚胺等柔性材料，在进行光刻时必须进行预处理。需要将聚酰亚胺等柔性材料黏附在洁净的衬底基片上，作为施主基体。并对基片进行多布清洗，保证紧密粘附，避免光刻过程中由污染引起的偏差；
(2)溅射沉积敏感层：在施主基体上溅射沉积敏感材料，形成敏感层，沉积技术包括化学气相沉积、物理气相沉积等。根据沉积的材料不同，选用适合的沉积方式；
(3)涂胶、曝光、显影：根据所需的图形，设计掩膜板。通过调节匀胶机转速，在敏感层表面均匀涂覆光刻胶，经去水烘烤、软烤、硬烤等步骤，通过掩膜板，进行光刻胶的图形化，经过曝光的部分，光刻胶消失，暴露出敏感层，未被曝光的部分，光刻胶仍然存在；
(4)敏感层图形化刻蚀：未被光刻胶覆盖的敏感层会被刻蚀液刻蚀，实现掩膜板图形向敏感层图形的转移；
(5)去胶清洗：使用丙酮溶液冲洗，去除金属层上残留的光刻胶、有机物等残留，最终得到想要功能层图形。
图17(a)-(d)为转移打印技术工艺图，转移打印技术的主要步骤为：
(1)通过光刻工艺，以聚酰亚胺等柔性材料作为施主基体17-3，其上制备想要的功能层图形17-2；
(2)将材料为聚二甲基硅氧烷的柔性图章17-1和需要转印的功能层图形17-2的表面按照预定要求进行处理，然后将柔性图章17-1紧密贴合在功能层17-2上，以足够大的速度将柔性图章17-1从施主基体17-3上撕起，保证柔性图章17-1与功能层17-2之间的黏结力足够大，使功能层17-2能够跟随柔性印章17-1一起被撕起；
(3)将黏有功能层17-2的柔性印章17-1与经过处理的受主基体17-4表面紧密贴合，挤压一定时间，使功能层17-2与受主基体17-4表面形成黏结力；
以缓慢的速度将柔性图章17-1撕起，保证需要转印的功能层17-2留在受主基体17-4上。
柔性心电传感器选用柔性织物电极，将生物电信号转化为硬件可测量的电信号，选取集成运放、ADC数模转换、DSP数字滤波、心率检测算法的AD8232作为心电信号的前端调理芯片。AD8232会对柔性织物电极所测得的信号进行分析处理，并将处理好的心电信号传输至背心主控芯片2-15中。
对于柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器的测量原理还可以基于压电效应来实现。柔性压电薄膜材料可以选用压电性能好、柔韧性高的聚偏氟乙烯，电极可以选用物理性能好的金属。柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器的分层结构如图18所示，包括：基于压电效应的柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器的封装层18-1，柔性压电薄膜的上电极18-2，柔性压电薄膜18-3，柔性压电薄膜的下电极18-4，基于压电效应的柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器的基底层18-5。其中，柔性压电薄膜的上电极18-2，柔性压电薄膜18-3，柔性压电薄膜的下电极18-4构成柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器的功能层。柔性心率传感器和柔性呼吸传感器作为心率、呼吸和血压电路的传感元件，当有功能层受到使用者的心脏跳动和呼吸运动的激励时，柔性压电薄膜会产生弯曲，弯曲的瞬间产生压电电荷，并积累在上、下电极两端产生电势差。这样就将使用者的心率和呼吸信号转化为电信号。然后将这些储存有心率和呼吸信息的电信号分别传输至AD8232芯片和呼吸控制芯片中，经过AD8232芯片、呼吸控制芯片和血压芯片的分析处理后得到使用者心率和呼吸的体征参数并将其传输至背心主控芯片2-15中。
柔性压电薄膜的制备采用静电纺丝的方法，静电纺丝工艺如图19所示。
(1)制备柔性基底，放置在电纺针头的下方，作为柔性压电薄膜的收集装置，柔性基底的材料选择柔韧性好的聚二甲基硅氧烷；
(2)在电源施加的高压电场作用下，注射泵里的压电材料聚合物溶液或熔体表面产生电荷，并受到电场力和表面张力的共同作用，在电纺的针头形成一个圆锥形液滴，称之为泰勒锥。如果持续增加电压，带电的锥形液滴克服表面张力，逐渐拉长变细，突破锥顶而射向收集基底，最后形成压电材料的纤维状薄膜。
(3)通常，制备完成的压电薄膜中大多是螺旋式的非极性α相，结构稳定却不具有压电性，需要对薄膜施加拉伸应力或外加高强度电场，让压电薄膜中杂乱取向的分子偶极矩沿特定的方向取向一致，从而形成压电性能良好的β相。
左肩带的可调节纽扣2-6、右肩带的可调节纽扣2-7，可以调节背心纵向的大小，左边胸下位置的可调节纽扣2-8、左边腹部位置的可调节纽扣2-10、右边胸下位置的可调节纽扣2-9和右边腹部位置的可调节纽扣2-11可以调节背心横向的大小，手环可调节纽扣5-2可以调节手环的直径大小，头带可调节纽扣8-2可以调节头带的直径大小，以此来使背心能够满足不同使用者的体格，增加舒适度。此外，还可以通过调节纽扣来使各柔性传感器紧贴人的体表，增加了测量的准确度。
左电池单元4-1、右电池单元4-2采用热—电转换原理，当P型半导体、N型半导体构成了一个回路以后，在存在外界负载的情况下，如果P型半导体、N型半导体两个端面的温度不相同从而产生了温度差，那么该回路中就可以产生电压和电流，其中P型半导体为电池的正极，N型半导体为电池的负极，所设计的背心只在正常的环境温度下工作，根据背心所处的环境温度，选用低温热电材料Bi 2Te 3，在Bi 2Te 3加入适量的Se可得到热电转换装置所需的N型半导体，在Bi 2Te 3加入适量的Sb可得到热电转换装置所需的P型半导体，其化学式为：
Bi 2Te 3+Se→Bi 2Te 3-xSe x(N型半导体)
Bi 2Te 3+Sb→Bi 2-xSb xTe 3(P型半导体)
图20(a)和(b)展示了两种热—电转换电路的形式，都已金属2的外侧为高温热源，金属1的外侧为低温热源进行分析，只改变了金属1和金属2的上下顺序，发现，图20(a)、(b)两种形式的电路都以P型半导体为正极，N型半导体为负极。以图20(a)形式为单元，把其串联起来集成左电池单元4-1，同样的，以图20(b)形式为单元，把其串联起来集成右电池单元4-2。
本实施例考虑到外界环境温度与人体温度的温差不能一直处于一个态势上，设计如图21所示的电路，其中左侧热—电转换装置为左电池单元4-1的简化，右侧热—电转换装置为右电池单元4-1的简化，C为储电装置，R为传感模块中各种用电装置，温度开关A和温度开关B都有两个温度感应探头1和2，其中1是检测外部环境的温度，2检测人体的温度，对于温度开关A来说，当A1所测的温度大于或等于A1所测的温度时，A断开，当A1所测的温度小于A1所测的温度时，A闭合，对于温度开关B来说，当B1所测的温度小于或等于B1所测的温度时，B断开，当B1所测的温度小于B1所测的温度时，B闭合。左侧电源与温度开关A串联，然后与C、R并联，右侧电源与温度开关B串联，然后与C、R并联，根据背心要一直处于工作状态且结合外部环境与人体温度的实际情况，分为三种情况对本电路进行说明：
(1)当环境温度大于人体温度时，A1>A2，A温度开关断开。B1>B2，B温度开关闭合。由右侧热—电转换装置工作，一方面给背心中各类需电装置供能，另一方面给储电装置C储能；
(2)当环境温度小于人体温度时，A1<A2，A温度开关闭合。B1<B2，B温度开关断开。由左侧热—电转换装置工作，一方面给背心中各类需电装置供能，另一方面给储电装置C储能；
(3)当环境温度等于人体温度时，A1＝A2，A温度开关断开。B1＝B2，B温度开关断开。左、右两侧热—电转换装置都不工作，由储电装置C给背心中各类需电装置供能。
热—电转换生成的电压可以用下述公式计算：
U＝S(T h-T c)
其中U代表温差电动势，S代表两种导体的塞贝克系数之和，与所选N型半导体和P型半导体的材料有关，T h代表高温热源温度值，T c代表低温热源温度值。
而集成电池的总电压为:
U 总＝nU
其中n为集成电池装置中(a)形式或(b)形式单元个数。环境温度与人体温度的差值的变化不大。为此，本实施例尽可能增大n的个数来提高集成电池的总电压U 总。
左电池单元4-1、右电池单元4-2还可以采用动—电转换装置，将使用者的生物动能转化为电能。该装置主要由金属涂层在柔性绝缘管材和经处理聚二甲基硅氧烷覆盖的金属涂层柔性绝缘管材组成。这两个柔性绝缘管材上的金属涂层分别做该装置的两个电极。其中，金属可以采用导电性优异的铜、金等。柔性绝缘管材采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物等。经处理的聚二甲基硅氧烷，会使聚二甲基硅氧烷易于吸附负电荷把这两个柔性绝缘管进行配对，为了阐明其工作机制，可以把工作过程简化两个柔性绝缘管做相对运动，使金属电极和聚二甲基硅氧烷做接触分离动作，基于接触起电和静电感应的耦合效应，使得两个柔性绝缘管上的电极之间直接产生电荷的移动。其原理如图22所示：
在原始状态(a)中，聚二甲基硅氧烷表面充满负静电电荷，金属电极1产生正电荷；当有外界动能将两个柔性绝缘管按压时，由于静电感应，金属电极2和聚二甲基硅氧烷之间的间隙收缩将导致在金属电极2中积聚感应正电荷，如(b)所示。因此，金属电极2中的自由电子将流向金属电极1以进行电场平衡。这个过程产生瞬时正电流。需要注意的是，即使与金属电极2接触，聚二甲基硅氧烷上的电荷也不会被消灭，因为静电电荷会自然地浸入绝缘体聚二甲基硅氧烷中，如(c)所示。在两个柔性绝缘管材重新分离的情况下，如(d)，金属电极1与金属电极2将恢复到原来的状态(1)。可以产生瞬时负电流。因此，两个柔性绝缘管在接触分离过程中，会将动能转化为电能。
针对动—电转换装置生产的电流特点及本实施例的要求，设计了如图23所示的电路图。其中ZL为整流器，目的是为了将动—电转换装置生产的交流电转化为直流电。B为动—电转换装置，C为储能装置，能储存电能，R为传感模块中各种用电装置。S为震动感应开关。在震动感应开关上设有S1、S2、S3三个开关接头。震动感应开关感应到使用者震动时，S1开关接头与S2开关接头相连，S1开关接头与S3开关接头相连；当外界无震动时，S1开关接头与S2开关接头断开，S1开关接头与S3开关接头相连。根据本实施例要一直处于工作状态且结合使用者是否运动实际情况，分为两种种情况对本电路进行说明：
(1)当使用者运动时，震动感应开关上S1开关接头与S2开关接头相连，S1开关接头与S3开关接头相连。此时动—电转换装置一方面把动能转化为电能，为R提供能源，另一方面会把电能存储在储能装置C中；
(2)当使用者不运动时，震动感应开关上S1开关接头与S2开关接头断开，S1开关接头与S3开关接头相连。此时储能装置C工作，会将储存在里面的电能释放，为R提供能源。
动—电转换装置的结构形式如图24所示，只有金属涂层的柔性绝缘管编织为一个表面，聚二甲基硅氧烷覆盖的金属涂层柔性绝缘管编织为另一个表面。考虑到为了使两个面接触进一步扩大，有利于静电感应，针织图案采用5X5。将其缝制在实施例的载体上。
手环电池装置7-1和头带电池装置10-1采用以光—电转换为基础的光伏储电原位集成电 池。他主要由光电转换功能薄膜部件和储电功能薄膜部件原位逐层制备并组装而成。从上而下依次为基层/电极、光电池部分、过渡电极、储能部分、基层/电极。光电池部分可以采用：
(1)以硅基体掺杂n型或者p型半导体形成PN结构成的硅基太阳能电池。当有太阳光照时，硅基体会产生光电效应，将两端连接成电路时，就会有电流产生；
(2)以导电基底、半导体纳米多级孔薄膜、染料敏化剂、含有氧化还原电对的电解质和对电极构成的敏化太阳能电池。当有太阳光照时，染料分子从基态激发为激发态，把电子注入到半导体纳米多级孔薄膜中，电子可以快速地在导电基底富集，并通过外接导线流向对电极；
(3)以导电层、电子传输层、钙钛矿吸光层、空穴传输层和电极构成的正式钙钛矿太阳能电池和以导电层、空穴传输层、钙钛矿吸光层、电子传输层和电极构成的反式式钙钛矿太阳能电池。当有太阳光照时，钙钛矿吸光层会产生大量的电子-空穴对，电子、空穴分别由电子传输层、空穴传输层收集并传输给电极，将两端连接成电路时，就会有电流产生。
光电池部分的性能可以用下述公式进行计算：
E solar＝P in·A solar·t
其中，E solar为光电转换功率，t为太阳光照射时间，A solar为光电池部分吸收光的面积。P in为入射光功率密度，国际标准为100mW/cm 2。太阳光照射时间取决于天气、使用者在户外的时间等多种因素。为了提高光电池部分的性能，本实施例尽可能地增大光电池部分吸收光的面积A solar。
储能部分可以采用电容器或者锂电池来进行储存电能。电极可以采用导电性良好的金属。
本实施例中考虑无论是否外部环境有阳光，本实施例都要一直工作，设计了如图25所示的电路。其中R为传感模块中各种用电装置，G为光感开关。光感开关上设置a、b、c三个开关接头。当外界有光时，a开关接头与c开关接头相连接，当外界无光时，a开关接头与b开关接头相连接。a通过导线先R串联，R通过导线与基层/电极相连。b通过导线与过渡电极相连，c通过导线与基层/电极相连。根据太阳光这一变量，分两种情况对本电路进行说明：
(1)当白天有太阳光时，光感开关上a开关接头与c开关接头相连。此时光电池部分工作，一方面把光能转化为电能，为R提供能源，另一方面会把电能存储在储能部分中；
(2)当夜晚无太阳光时，光感开关上a开关接头与b开关接头相连。此时储能部分工作，会将储存在里面的电能释放，为R提供能源。
用图26来说明信号采集模块的导线连接。对于背心来说，在背心左前片2-2、背心右前片2-3和背心后片2-1内部设有导线，将体表温度带3-1、胸部呼吸带3-2、腹部呼吸带3-3、心率心电带3-4和背心主控芯片2-15用导线相连，用来把体表温度带3-1、胸部呼吸带3-2、腹部呼吸带3-3、心率心电带3-4所测得的使用者体征参数信号传递给背心主控芯片2-15，将左电池装置4-1、右电池装置4-2与变压器通过导线相连，改变电压，再分别通过导线与体表温度带3-1、胸部呼吸带3-2、腹部呼吸带3-3、心率心电带3-4和背心主控芯片2-15相连，用于输送电能。
对于手环来说，在手环本体5-1内部设有导线，将血液流速带6-1、血糖带6-2和手环主控芯片5-3用导线相连，用来把血液流速带6-1、血糖带6-2所测得的使用者体征参数信号传递给手环主控芯片5-3，将手环电池装置7-1与变压器通过导线相连，改变电压，再分别通过导线与血液流速带6-1、血糖带6-2和手环主控芯片5-3相连，用于输送电能。
对于头带来说，在头带本体8-1内部设有导线，将血氧带9-1、深层温度带9-2和头带主控芯片8-3用导线相连，用来把血氧带9-1、深层温度带9-2所测得的使用者体征参数信号传递给头带主控芯片8-3，将头带电池装置10-1与变压器通过导线相连，改变电压，再分别通过导线与血氧带9-1、深层温度带9-2和头带主控芯片8-3相连，用于输送电能。
信息传输、信息处理及反馈模块包含手机终端、多种数据库及机构设施。手机作为现在人们生活必备的通讯工具之一，其具有非常强大的处理数据、存储数据和传输数据的功能。在本实施例中，手机终端一方面作为存储数据和发送数据的中转站，另一方面还对所储存的数据进行分析处理，对异常数据进行报警。多种数据库及机构设施包含大数据库、亚健康与疾病数据库、疾病控制中心、药品机构和医院机构。多种数据库及机构设施用来接收手机发送而来的关于使用者体征参数、个人信息及地理位置的数据，并对接收到的使用者体征参数进行逐级分析处理，通过分析处理，会将使用者的健康情况以表单的形式下发到手机中，给予使用者反馈。此外，还对手机终端的报警进行紧急处理。
信息采集模块中的背心主控芯片2-15、手环主控芯片5-3和头带主控芯片7-3一方面用来收集储存体表温度带3-1、胸部呼吸带3-2、腹部呼吸带3-3、心率心电带3-4、血液流速带6-1、血糖带6-2、血氧带9-1和深层温度带9-2所传输过来的使用者体征参数，另一方面会把收集到的关于使用者体征参数的信息通过蓝牙传输传输至手机，进行下一步的分析处理和反馈过程。
信息传输、信息处理及反馈的框架如图27所示，整个传输过程会对收集到的关于使用者的个人信息和体征参数经过五级分析处理，并将结果生成报单发送至手机给予反馈，并会针对结果安排使用者进行相关的就诊治疗。整个过程基于互联网建立的。下面根据图27来叙述整个过程。
使用者先将自己的个人信息(如性别、种族、年龄等)输入到手机中，主控芯片会将收集到的关于使用者体征参数的信息不断地经过蓝牙传输到手机中。手机中会事先设定好人的健康预值，手机会对收集而来的信息进行第一级的分析处理，如果收集到的信息没有超过所设定的人的健康预值，手机会对收集到的信息进行数据整理，以每天为单位、定点的向大数据库进行无线传输，将这些整理好的一天的体征参数以及个人信息、所处的地理位置经过无线传输到大数据库中。如果一旦接受到的使用者体征参数有超过事先设定好人的健康预值时，手机会立即报警。手机会将有关使用者的异常体征数据、个人信息及地理位置立即无线传输到医院数据库并通知使用者需要紧急救治，医院数据库会根据使用者的地理位置选取附近的医院并将使用者的异常体征数据、个人信息传输到医院，医院会对使用者进行紧急的医疗抢救。
大数据库会对从手机传来的使用者的体征参数、个人信息和使用者的地理位置进行第二级的分析处理，通过大数据库中已有的人的体征参数、性别、种族、年龄等来对比接受而来的信息，将接受到的信息分为非正常指标和正常指标并分别对其进行处理。对于正常指标来说，会将此时的使用者的健康状态以报告单的形式发送到手机；对于非正常指标来说，会将这些数据信息以及个人信息、地理位置通过无线传输发送至亚健康与疾病数据库进行第三级的分析处理。
亚健康与疾病数据库对收集到的非正常指标的数据信息进行分析处理，根据亚健康与疾病数据库已有的数据进行比对，将非正常指标的数据信息分为亚健康信息和疾病信息，对于亚健康信息会进行针对性的应对，给予手机反馈，生成报告单告知使用者此时的健康状态，并给出解决此时亚健康状态的解决办法；对与疾病信息，会将疾病信息以及个人信息、地理位置通过无线传输发送至亚健康与疾病数据库进行第四级的分析处理。
疾病控制中心对收到的疾病数据信息进行分析处理，首先会根据使用者的手机定位，判断使用者在哪个区域，其次将这些非正常指标的数据信息所引起的疾病分为轻微疾病和非轻微疾病，对于轻微疾病，会将这些数据信息发送至距离使用者最近的药品机构中进行第三级的分析处理；对于非轻微疾病，会将这些数据信息发送至距离使用者最近的医院机构进行第五级的分析处理。
药品机构会通过药品数据库将收集到的信息进行分析处理，会根据各种轻微疾病配置所需要的药品计量，并将各种轻微疾病与各种轻微疾病所对应的药品橱窗联系起来，把药品计量发送至药品橱窗，药品橱窗首先会根据药品计量选取药品，其次会将此时的使用者的健康状态以报告单的形式发送到手机，并通知使用者去与其患得的轻微疾病所对应的药品橱窗取药。
医院机构会通过医院数据库的具体分析判断，把这些非轻微疾病分类并发送至与此疾病相关的部门，通知相关专业医生下发通知让使用者来此就医。
本实施例中，蓝牙传输技术、无线传输技术均已成熟，可以直接使用。
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述，但并非对本发明保护范围的限制，所属领域技术人员应该明白，在本发明的技术方案的基础上，本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，包括：
    信息采集模块，以可穿戴设备为载体，在所述可穿戴设备上分别布设柔性传感器，用于实现心率、心电、呼吸、温度、血液流速、血糖以及血氧参数的实时采集；
    信息传输模块，用于将采集到的信息通过无线方式传输至信息处理及反馈模块；
    信息处理及反馈模块，用于对接收到的数据信息进行分级处理，将所述数据信息对应的健康状况反馈给信息传输模块，信息传输模块将反馈的健康状况数据与预设的健康阈值进行比对，判断是否进行报警处理。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述可穿戴设备包括：可穿戴背心；所述可穿戴背心包括背心后片、背心左前片和背心右前片；
    所述背心右前片胸前部位的内侧面上设有心率心电带，用于采集穿戴者心率、心电参数，在所述背心左前片、右前片和背心后片内侧的腹部位置设有呼吸带，围绕身体一周，用于采集呼吸参数，在背心左前片内侧的腋下位置设有体表温度带，用于采集体表温度参数；在背心右前片外侧面上设有第一主控芯片，用于储存以背心为载体所采集到的各类体征参数；所述心率心电带、呼吸带和体表温度带分别与第一主控芯片连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述背心左前片通过左肩带与背心后片相连接，所述背心右前片通过右肩带与背心后片相连接，所述背心的左、右肩带处设有可调节纽扣，所述背心左前片与背心后片的左侧交界部位设有可调节纽扣，所述背心右前片与背心后片的右侧交界部位设有可调节纽扣，所述背心前端设有开口拉链，所述背心的左前片和右前片上设有呼吸带的导线接口。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述可穿戴设备包括：手环，所述手环的内侧设有血液流速带，用于采集血液流速参数；所述手环的内侧设有血糖带，用于采集血糖参数；在手环本体的外侧面上设有第二主控芯片，用于储存以手环为载体所采集到的各类体征参数；所述血液流速带和血糖带分别与第二主控芯片连接。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述可穿戴设备包括：头带，将带状结构首尾通过可调节纽扣相连接；所述头带内侧设有血氧带，用于采集血氧参数，在头带设有深层温度带，用于采集深层温度参数；在头带外侧面上设有第三主控芯片，用于储存以头带为载体所采集到的各类体征参数；所述血氧带和深层温度带分别与第三主控芯片连接。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述柔性传感器的制备过程如下：
    用光刻工艺对敏感材料进行加工，加工成设定的功能层形状；
    通过转移打印技术将加工后的功能层移动到柔性基板上；
    对导电金属进行光刻加工，加工成设定的电极形状；
    把电极、在柔性基板上的敏感层进行柔性封装，制备成柔性传感器；
    进一步地，所述光刻工艺具体为：
    (1)对基片进行清洗处理：将柔性材料黏附在洁净的衬底基片上，作为施主基体，对基片进行多布清洗；
    (2)溅射沉积敏感层：在施主基体上溅射沉积敏感材料，形成敏感层；
    (3)涂胶、曝光、显影：根据所需的图形，设计掩膜板；通过调节匀胶机转速，在敏感层表面均匀涂覆光刻胶，经去水烘烤、软烤和硬烤步骤，通过掩膜板，进行光刻胶的图形化，经过曝光的部分，光刻胶消失，暴露出敏感层，未被曝光的部分，光刻胶仍然存在；
    (4)敏感层图形化刻蚀：未被光刻胶覆盖的敏感层被刻蚀液刻蚀，实现掩膜板图形向敏感层图形的转移；
    (5)去胶清洗：使用丙酮溶液冲洗，去除金属层上残留的光刻胶和有机物，最终得到设定功能层图形。
    或者，所述转移打印技术具体为：
    (1)通过光刻工艺，以柔性材料作为施主基体，其上制备设定的功能层图形；
    (2)将材料为聚二甲基硅氧烷的柔性图章和需要转印的功能层图形的表面按照设定要求进行处理，将柔性图章紧密贴合在功能层上，将柔性图章从施主基体上撕起，保证功能层能够跟随柔性印章一起被撕起；
    (3)将黏有功能层的柔性印章与经过处理的受主基体表面紧密贴合，挤压，使功能层与受主基体表面形成黏结力；
    (4)将柔性图章撕起，保证需要转印的功能层留在受主基体上。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述可穿戴设备上分别设有电池单元和储电单元，所述电池单元采用热-电转换或者光-电转换或者动-电转换的方式发电，所述电能存储到储电单元，用于为可穿戴设备供电。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述电池单元采用热-电转换方式发电时，包括：
    第一电池单元和第二电池单元，所述第一电池单元和第二电池单元均是由P型半导体和N型半导体构成的回路；
    所述第一电池单元的正极和第二电池单元的正极之间串接温度开关A和温度开关B；
    所述第一电池单元的负极与温度开关A和温度开关B之间，依次串接开关K1和储电单元；
    所述第一电池单元的负极与温度开关A和温度开关B之间，依次串接开关K2和用电负载。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述电池单元采用动-电转换方式发电时，包括：
    动-电转换装置；
    与所述动电转换装置连接，用于将动-电转换装置生产的交流电转化为直流电的整流器；
    震动感应开关，所述震动感应开关设有S1、S2、S3三个开关接头，S1开关接头、S2开 关接头和S3开关接头分别连接整流器，其中，S3开关接头与整流器之间并联储能装置和用电负载；
    所述震动感应开关感应到震动时，S1开关接头与S2开关接头相连，S1开关接头与S3开关接头相连；当外界无震动时，S1开关接头与S2开关接头断开，S1开关接头与S3开关接头相连。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的一种基于物联网和互联网的医养健康智能执行系统，其特征在于，所述电池单元采用光-电转换方式发电时，包括：
    自上而下依次设置的第一基层/电极、光电池部分、过渡电极、储能部分和第二基层/电极；
    所述光电池部分采用以硅基体掺杂n型或者p型半导体形成PN结构成的硅基太阳能电池，或者以导电基底、半导体纳米多级孔薄膜、染料敏化剂、含有氧化还原电对的电解质和对电极构成的敏化太阳能电池，或者以导电层、电子传输层、钙钛矿吸光层、空穴传输层和电极构成的正式钙钛矿太阳能电池，或者以导电层、空穴传输层、钙钛矿吸光层、电子传输层和电极构成的反式式钙钛矿太阳能电池。
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