WO2021134768A1

WO2021134768A1 - Forming device

Info

Publication number: WO2021134768A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/070184
Authority: WO
Inventors: 荆剑; 李遂林; 陶国强
Original assignee: 泰州鑫宇精工股份有限公司
Priority date: 2020-01-03
Filing date: 2020-01-03
Publication date: 2021-07-08
Also published as: CN114829118A

Abstract

Provided is a forming device. The forming device comprises: a forming module (110) for laying a forming material to form a preset shape; and a control module (140) for controlling the forming module (110) to perform laying according to a preset trajectory corresponding to the preset shape. A first forming material applied to a solid forming region (210) comprises a petroleum resin and a base material, and the petroleum resin can improve the toughness of the first forming material.

Description

A molding device

Technical field

This application relates to the field of molding devices, and in particular to a 3D printing device.

Background technique

3D printing technology is widely used in all walks of life. 3D printing technology can be used to feed the wire/wire material, feed the wire through the wire feeding device, and the nozzle is heated to send the material out from the nozzle. The printing material directly affects the printing efficiency and the quality of the prints. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a printing material with a good combination of strength and toughness.

In the existing 3D molding technology, due to the complex shapes of the manufactured parts, it is often necessary to add a support structure to assist in the printing and molding of the parts. After printing, these auxiliary supporting structures need to be removed. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a support printing material that is easy to remove.

In the prior art, general 3D printers that print wax materials have high requirements on the accuracy of the nozzles, and the nozzles used are specially matched with the printer models. When using nozzles produced by different manufacturers on 3D printers, wax often appears. The blocking of nozzles by materials has made the application and development of 3D printers more limited. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a more versatile 3D printing nozzle.

Summary of the invention

One aspect of the present application provides a molding device system. In some embodiments, the system includes: a molding module for laying molding materials into a preset shape; a control module for controlling the molding module to follow the The preset trajectory corresponding to the preset shape is laid.

In some embodiments, the molding material includes a first molding material and a second molding material, and the first molding material includes petroleum resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and paraffin wax.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of petroleum resin may be 20%-30%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be 15%-25%.

In some embodiments, the first molding material further includes Fischer-Tropsch wax and Sasol wax. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 15%-25%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of Sasol wax may be 10%-20%.

In some embodiments, the second molding material includes: polycaprolactone, calcium carbonate, glycerin, polyethylene glycol, and paraffin wax.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the polycaprolactone may be 45%-65%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate may be 15%-25%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol may be 15%-25%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the glycerin is less than or equal to 10%.

In some embodiments, the molding module includes a nozzle with a flow channel inside the nozzle, characterized in that the flow channel includes a tapered channel, and a cylindrical channel downstream of the tapered channel; The ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel ranges from 2 to 6.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel ranges from 2 to 3.

In some embodiments, the nozzle includes a tapered section, an outer hexagonal cylindrical section and an outer threaded section; the outer hexagonal cylindrical section is located between the tapered section and the outer threaded section.

In some embodiments, the diameter of the cylindrical channel includes one or more of 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, and 2.0 mm.

In some embodiments, the flow passage inside the nozzle further includes a tapered passage. The angle range of the tapered channel includes 50°-90° or 60°.

In some embodiments, the molding module includes a spray head assembly, the spray head assembly includes the nozzle and a main body part, the main body part and the nozzle are detachably connected or integrally connected; the main body part is provided with The circulation channel, the circulation channel inside the main body is located upstream of the circulation channel inside the nozzle, and communicates with the circulation channel inside the nozzle.

In some embodiments, the caliber size of the internal circulation channel of the main body includes 1.5 mm to 4 mm or 3.2 mm or 2.0 mm.

Description of the drawings

This application will be further described in the form of exemplary embodiments, and these exemplary embodiments will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not restrictive. In these embodiments, the same number represents the same structure, in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a 3D printing system according to some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a molding module according to some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a molded product according to some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a spray head assembly according to some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 5 is a perspective schematic view of a nozzle according to some embodiments of the present application;

Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle according to some embodiments of the present application;

Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a screw-type spray head according to some embodiments of the present application; and

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw spray head according to some embodiments of the present application.

Detailed ways

Here, exemplary embodiments or implementations will be described in detail, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the application as detailed in the appended claims.

The terms used in this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

It should be understood that the "first", "second" and similar words used in the specification and claims of this application do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, similar words such as "one" or "one" do not mean a quantity limit, but mean that there is at least one. Unless otherwise indicated, similar words such as "front", "rear", "lower" and/or "upper" are only for convenience of description, and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. "Include" or "include" and other similar words mean that the elements or items before "include" or "include" now cover the elements or items listed after "include" or "include" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements Or objects.

This application relates to the field of molding devices, and in particular to a 3D printing device. For example, the 3D printing device can heat and soften filamentary or linear printing materials, and can lay the printing materials two-dimensionally according to a certain trajectory. For another example, the 3D printing device can layer the materials layer by layer to form a three-dimensional printing entity. It should be noted that the technical solutions disclosed by the 3D printing device involved in this application can also be applied to other molding devices or equipment. For example, the molding device or equipment may include various types of automatic molding equipment, manual molding equipment, and the like. For another example, automatic molding equipment includes, but is not limited to, various types of 3D printing devices, 4D printing devices, and the like. In some embodiments, the manual molding equipment may include a molding device that uses the molding principle of 3D printing or 4D printing to manually control the movement of the nozzle and thereby control the walking path of the wax filaments. The 3D printing device disclosed in this application can also be used in other application scenarios such as 3D printing molding equipment and 3D printing production lines.

In some embodiments, the 3D printing technology is applied to the precision casting industry, and the 3D model printed with traditional high-quality materials cannot be dewaxed cleanly after the shell is made, cannot be recycled, and cannot be reused. During roasting, the dust is large and the pollution is serious. After roasting, there are polymer impurities remaining in the mold shell, which will affect the quality of the casting. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a 3D printing material that can be dewaxed clean, recyclable, reusable, and pollution-free, dedicated to the precision casting industry.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a 3D printing system according to some embodiments of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the 3D printing system 100 may include a molding module 110, a network 120, a terminal 130, a control module 140, a storage device 150 and a detection module 160.

The molding module 110 may be used to print a molding entity. In some embodiments, the molding module 110 includes a feeding device, and the feeding device can supply the molding material at a certain speed. For example, the feeding device can heat-melt the molding material, and extrude the hot-melted molding material at a certain flow rate. The molding materials that can be supplied by the feeding device can be various, including but not limited to wax materials, nylon, polyethylene plastics, and the like. In particular, the wax material for molding can change the strength and toughness of the wax material by adding some substances to the traditional wax material, so as to reduce the breakage of the wax filaments made during the printing process. Wax materials for molding can also be used to obtain some materials with special properties by changing the components in the wax materials and the mass fractions of the components. For example, a wax material for molding that is soluble in water can be obtained. For another example, an environmentally-friendly and degradable wax material for molding is obtained. These materials can have different applications in some special occasions.

In some embodiments, the molding module 110 may also include a spray head device. For example, the nozzle device may be arranged at the discharge port of the feeding device. The nozzle device can squeeze the melted/softened material onto the forming substrate for forming. In some embodiments, the spray head device also has a nozzle or a nozzle structure. The nozzle contains a channel with a gradual diameter, which can extrude the melted/softened material according to a certain size and shape to meet the requirements of the printing process. In particular, during the printing process of the wax material for molding, the nozzles are prone to clogging and excessive flow, which affects the printing quality and printing efficiency. Relevant technicians can optimize the nozzle structure to obtain a molding nozzle with more stable printing quality and better efficiency and quality.

In some embodiments, the molding module 110 may include a movable device. The movable device can move according to a certain movement track, so that the used molding materials can be laid up according to a certain direction. For example, the movable device can drive the nozzle device or drive the nozzle device and the part of the feeding device to move according to the motion track to perform printing.

The control module 140 may execute program instructions to control the 3D printing process. In some embodiments, the control module 140 may control the movement trajectory of the molding module 110 to print various styles of printing entities. The movement trajectory of the forming module 110 is controlled by the execution instruction (program code) generated by the control module 140. In some embodiments, the control module 140 can also control the printing parameters (such as feeding speed, printing speed, etc.) of the forming module 110 during the printing process. For example, the control module 140 can control the heating temperature of the feeding device, thereby adjusting the discharging speed. The control module 140 may also control the 3D printing process based on the state parameters detected by the detection module 160.

In some embodiments, the control module 140 may be connected to only one molding module 110. In some embodiments, the control module 140 may be connected to multiple molding modules 110 at the same time. In some embodiments, the control module 140 can be used to actually print information and data for processing. The control module 140 may be a single server or a server group. A server group can be centralized, such as a data center. A server group can also be distributed, such as a distributed system. The control module 140 may be local or remote. The control module 140 can process the printing model. The control module 140 can discretize the digital and analog data into point cloud data, and then analyze the point cloud data through a certain algorithm, so as to obtain the walking path required for printing. Point cloud data refers to recording the digital model with a limited number of points, and each point contains a fixed three-dimensional coordinate. The control module 140 may analyze the point cloud data through a certain algorithm, and form a dot into a line and a line into a surface, and obtain a printed entity by accumulating a limited number of printed entities layer by layer.

In some embodiments, the 3D printing system 100 may also include a network. The network 120 may provide channels for information exchange. In some embodiments, the network 120 may connect the control module 140 with other modules. For example, through the network 120, the control module 140 may be connected to the shaping module 110. In some embodiments, the network 120 may be a single network or a combination of multiple networks. For example, the network 120 may include, but is not limited to, one or a combination of a local area network, a wide area network, a public network, a private network, a wireless local area network, and a virtual network. In some embodiments, the network 120 may include various network access points, such as wired or wireless access points, base stations, or network switching points, through which corresponding modules connect to the network 120 and send information through the network 120.

In some embodiments, the 3D printing system 100 may further include a terminal 130. The terminal 130 is a device that an operator can operate, and is used to receive signals from the control module 140. In some embodiments, the control module 140 may transmit the printing status and parameters to the terminal 130 so that the terminal 130 can monitor the entire printing process. The terminal 130 may include, but is not limited to, one or a combination of a mobile phone 130-1, a tablet computer 130-2, a notebook computer 130-3, an industrial computer 130-4, and the like. In some embodiments, the terminal 130 can remotely access the control module 140 through a network, and control the printing process in real time by controlling the printing parameters. For example, the terminal 130 can adjust the wire feeding speed during the printing process through the control module 140. For another example, the terminal 130 may change the movement track of the printed forming module 110 through the control module 140. For another example, the terminal 130 may determine the parts to be printed by the molding module 110, the size of the printing, and the like through the control module 140.

In some embodiments, the 3D printing system 100 may further include a detection module 160. The detection module 160 may be used to detect the printing parameters of the 3D printing process. For example, the temperature, humidity, etc. in the printing environment can be detected. For another example, the detection module 160 may be used to detect the gas environment in the printing environment. The gas environment includes, but is not limited to, one or any combination of vacuum degree, oxygen content, inert gas concentration, and the like.

In some embodiments, the detection module 160 may obtain layer-by-layer image data during the printing process. For example, the detection module 160 may include a camera/camcorder to take photos/videos after each layer is printed to obtain the printed images (images) layer by layer. In some embodiments, the detection module 160 may send the printed images (images) layer by layer to the control module 140 via the network 120. The control module 140 can analyze the images collected by the camera to determine whether a printing defect occurs during the printing process. In some embodiments, the detection module 160 may include multiple cameras/camcorders (such as 2, 3, 4, 6, etc.). The setting of multiple cameras can effectively increase the field of view of the inspection module 160, thereby realizing a more comprehensive inspection of the current printed product. In some embodiments, two or more cameras may be used to obtain stereo images during the printing of the article. For example, two or more cameras can transmit the collected images to the control module 140 (or the processor in the detection module). The control module 140 can use image stitching, image coordinate conversion, etc., according to the images collected by the cameras. The two-dimensional plane image is transformed into a three-dimensional image of the part. The three-dimensional image can more intuitively show the status of printing and molding, and it is convenient to accurately reflect whether there are defects in the printed product.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various reasonable changes to the technical solution of this application on the basis of this application. For example, the number of cameras, the arrangement of the cameras, and/or the position where the cameras are located in the detection module 160 can be specifically set according to actual needs. For example, the arrangement of cameras may include, but is not limited to, array arrangement, circular arrangement, topological arrangement, and the like. Such a transformation is still within the protection scope of this application.

In some embodiments, the 3D printing system 100 may further include a storage device 150. The storage device 150 may be used to store various data appearing in the printing process. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 may generally refer to a device having a storage function, such as a memory card, a hard disk, and a mobile hard disk. The storage device 150 may be local or remote. In some embodiments, other modules of the printing apparatus 100 may be connected to the storage device 150 through the network 120. For example, the storage device 150 can store all the detection data of the detection module 160. For another example, the storage device 150 may store an execution instruction (program code) generated by the control module 140.

In some embodiments, the storage module 150 may print historical data of the process. In some embodiments, the control module 140 may access historical data of 3D printing that is accessed or stored in the storage device 150. The control module 140 may analyze printing defects that may occur in the current printing process based on the historical data of 3D printing. Based on possible printing defects, the control module 140 can adaptively change printing parameters (such as printing speed, printing path, heating temperature, etc.) to optimize the printing process.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various reasonable changes to the technical solution of this application on the basis of this application. For example, the modules included in the 3D printing system 100 can be specifically set according to actual needs. For example, the 3D printing system 100 may only include the molding module 110 and the control module 140. For another example, the 3D printing system 100 may also include a combination of one or more of the network 120, the terminal 130, the storage device 150, and the detection module 160. Such a transformation is still within the protection scope of this application.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a molding module 110 according to some embodiments of the present application.

The forming module 110 in this embodiment adopts FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) three-dimensional printing technology, which mainly uses a forming device to layer materials in a melted or semi-melted state according to a certain track to form a printing entity. In FDM printing technology, the improvement of printing materials or nozzle structure will have a certain impact on the printing effect. Hereinafter, one or more embodiments of this specification will be described in detail by taking the FDM molding device as an example.

As shown in FIG. 2, the forming module 110 may include a nozzle 111, a wire feeding mechanism 112, a truss mechanism 113, and a forming substrate 114. Wherein, the spray head 111 is arranged on the truss mechanism 113 so that the truss mechanism 113 can drive the spray head 111 to move. The wire feeding mechanism 112 can send the filamentous material to the nozzle 111 and give the material a certain feeding force, so that the material can be continuously sent from the nozzle. The nozzle 111 can melt/soften the material, so that the material adheres to the molded substrate 114 in a certain shape. In some embodiments, the nozzle 111 can move relative to the molding substrate 114, so that the melted/softened material can be layered according to a certain shape to obtain a printed entity. The specific structure of the nozzle is described in detail in other parts of this specification, as shown in Figure 4.

In some embodiments, the truss mechanism 113 can only perform two-dimensional movement (translation and/or rotation) on a plane parallel to the molding substrate 114. In some embodiments, the truss mechanism 113 can not only move two-dimensionally on a plane parallel to the molding substrate 114, but also move along an axis 141 that is at a certain angle to the plane of the molding substrate 114. The axis 141 may be perpendicular to the plane of the molding substrate 114, or may be at a certain angle with the plane of the molding substrate 114.

In some embodiments, the spray head 111 may be fixedly arranged relative to the truss mechanism 113; in some embodiments, the spray head 111 may be rotatably hinged to the truss mechanism 113, that is, the spray head 111 may be rotatable relative to the truss mechanism 113. The rotatable spray head 111 can make the parts be formed obliquely at a certain angle (that is, the spray head and the forming substrate form parts at a certain angle). For example, the nozzle 111 and the forming substrate 114 can form parts at an angle of 37° to 90°.

In some embodiments, the molded substrate 114 is also movable. In some embodiments, the molded substrate 114 can perform a two-dimensional movement (translation and/or rotation) along the plane. In some embodiments, the molded substrate 114 can perform three-dimensional movement. In addition to the two-dimensional movement of the molded substrate 114 along its plane, it can also move along the axis of motion. The movement axis may be perpendicular to the plane of the molding substrate 114, or may be at a certain angle with the plane of the molding substrate 114.

In some embodiments, the shaping module 110 may also include an internal controller. In some embodiments, the movement of the forming base plate 114 and the truss mechanism 113 is controlled by an internal controller. For example, the internal controller may coordinate and control the movement of the molding base plate 114 and the truss mechanism 113. For another example, the internal controller may only control the three-dimensional movement of the truss mechanism 113. In some embodiments, the internal controller is connected to the control module 140 and is controlled by the control module 140.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various reasonable changes to the technical solution of this application on the basis of this application. For example, the movement relationship between the molded substrate 114 and the truss structure 113 can be specifically set according to actual needs to ensure that the molded substrate 114 and the truss structure 113 can move relative to each other. For example, the molded substrate 114 can be moved in two dimensions, and the truss structure 113 can be moved in three dimensions. For another example, the molded substrate 114 can only move up and down, and the truss structure 113 can also move in two dimensions. For another example, the molding substrate 114 may not be movable, and the truss structure 113 may be three-dimensionally movable. Such a transformation is still within the protection scope of this application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a molded product according to some embodiments of the present application.

In the foregoing embodiment, the forming process of the forming module 110 is a manufacturing process of layering layer by layer according to a certain shape. As shown in FIG. 3, the printed shape of each layer can be divided into a solid area 210 and a supporting area 220. The entity area 210 refers to the structural part of the entity to be printed. The supporting area 220 refers to a part used to assist in supporting the entity during the printing process. After all printing is completed, the support area 220 needs to be removed.

In some embodiments, the material used by the molding device in the process of forming the entity may be referred to as the molding material, and in the context of the printing device, it may also be referred to as the printing material. In some embodiments, printing materials or molding materials can be further divided into different types to meet different needs. For example, a type of molding material may be suitable for molding the solid area 210. It has the characteristics of good strength and toughness and not easy to break (the first molding material). The first molding material has good printing adaptability and can be recycled and reused repeatedly. Another type of molding material may be suitable for the support area 220. It has the characteristics of good printing processability and can be dissolved in water or other weak acid solvents (second molding material). The second molding material is very easy to remove and has good mold release properties. In some embodiments, the solid area 210 and the supporting area 220 may be separated from each other by a steam separation device.

In some embodiments, the first molding material may include petroleum resin and a base material. Petroleum resin to improve the toughness of the first molding material. Toughness can indicate the ability of a material to absorb energy during plastic deformation and fracture. The better the toughness of the material, the less likely it is to break.

In some embodiments, the petroleum resin used in the first molding material may be a mixture of various types of petroleum resin materials. In some embodiments, the petroleum resin used in the first molding material may also be one of modified petroleum resin, C5 resin, C9 resin, phenol resin, polyester resin, coumarone resin, or a combination thereof. The use of resin materials can make the first molding material more viscous and avoid cracking of the wax layer. The use of resin materials can increase the bending strength and elongation at break of the first molding material, and increase the toughness of the first molding material. In some embodiments, the petroleum resin used in the first molding material can also be replaced by terpene resin, modified terpene resin, rosin and rosin derivatives. Among them, rosin can include rosin of grade 1-5, wood rosin, gum rosin, tall oil rosin, modified rosin package, hydrogenated rosin, polymerized rosin, maleic rosin, disproportionated rosin, etc., or the like, or a combination of many of them . The rosin derivatives may include glyceryl rosin, glyceryl hydrogenated rosin, pentaerythritol rosin, pentaerythritol hydrogenated rosin, rosin anhydride, and rosin alcohol, etc., or the like, or a combination of many of them. The role of rosin can make the first molding material used better wettability.

In some embodiments, the base material may include paraffin wax. The use of paraffin wax as the base material can ensure the consistency of the first molding material and the traditional casting wax material in the process. The base material has a low expansion ratio, no cracking during dewaxing, and has excellent manufacturability. The base material can quickly melt during firing and has good mold release properties. At the same time, the basic material can be recycled and reused, saving environmental protection. In some embodiments, paraffin wax can also be a mixture of multiple different waxes. In some embodiments, the base material may further include one of hydrocarbon wax, paraffin wax, ozokerite wax, montan wax, or a combination thereof. Among them, paraffin can include any one or a mixture of 42#石蜡 to 85# paraffin, or a mixture of at least one of fatty alcohol paraffin and fatty acid paraffin, or similar, or more of them. Kind of combination.

In some embodiments, the first molding material may also add ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer to the above-mentioned base material. The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer can change the crystal form of ordinary paraffin, improve the water resistance and permeability of the first molding material, increase the bending strength and toughness of the first molding material, and improve the plasticity of the first molding material. Flexural strength refers to the ability of a material to resist bending without breaking. The higher the bending strength of the material, the higher the ability of the material to resist fracture.

In some embodiments, petroleum resin and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be added to the base material at the same time to form the first molding material. For example, the first molding material may include petroleum resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and paraffin wax.

In some embodiments, the first molding material may also add one or any combination of Fischer-Tropsch wax and Sasol wax to the above-mentioned base material. Fischer-Tropsch wax and Sasol wax can significantly increase the strength of the molding material, increase the stiffness of the first molding material during the feeding process, ensure the stability of the wire feeding, and improve the stability and printing quality of the 3D printing process. Stiffness is the ability of a material to maintain its original shape without deformation. The stronger the rigidity of the material, the less likely it is to deform and break. In some embodiments, the first molding material may further include one or any combination of other synthetic waxes such as oxidized polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, and polyethylene wax. These materials and material combinations can replace Sasol wax and Fischer-Tropsch wax to improve the strength and hardness of the components. In some embodiments, the first molding material may further include microcrystalline wax. Microcrystalline wax is more viscous and ductile in the melted/softened state, and is not fragile at low temperatures, which can improve the strength and hardness of the wax material.

In some alternative embodiments, the first molding material may further add one or a combination of palm wax, candelilla wax, low molecular weight polyethylene, butadiene styrene copolymer to the above-mentioned base material. Adding the above-mentioned materials to paraffin wax can significantly improve the toughness of the first molding material, reduce the possibility of the first molding material breaking during the printing process, improve the efficiency of the 3D printing process, and avoid parts scrapping and downtime caused by broken wires. .

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of different materials in the first molding material is different, and the effects of the corresponding materials are also different. The following will describe in detail the mass ratio of related materials in the first molding material.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the petroleum resin may be 5%-50%. Preferably, the mass ratio of the petroleum resin may be 10%-45%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the petroleum resin may be 15%-40%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the petroleum resin may be 17% to 37%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the petroleum resin may be 20%-30%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the petroleum resin may be 23%-27%. The first molding material in the above-mentioned embodiment has a very good strength and toughness combination, and has high toughness and a certain strength.

In some embodiments, the proportion of petroleum resin can be appropriately increased to improve the toughness of the first molding material. For example, in some embodiments, the mass ratio of petroleum resin may be 25%-50%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be 5%-50%. Preferably, the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be 9%-45%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be 12%-40%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be 15% to 35%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be 18%-30%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be 21%-25%. The first molding material of the foregoing embodiment has high toughness and a certain strength, which can reduce the possibility of wire breakage in the first molding material.

In some embodiments, the ratio of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer can be appropriately increased to improve the bending strength of the first molding material. For example, in some embodiments, the mass ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be 12%-50%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 3%-45%. Preferably, the mass ratio of the Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 6%-40%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 9% to 35%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 12%-30%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 15%-25%. More preferably, the mass ratio of the Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 18%-22%. The strength of the first molding material of the above-mentioned embodiment is high, which can reduce the possibility of the first molding material breaking due to poor strength.

In some embodiments, the proportion of Fischer-Tropsch wax can be appropriately increased to improve the strength of the first molding material. For example, in some embodiments, the mass ratio of Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 15%-45%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of Sasol wax may be 3%-45%. Preferably, the mass ratio of Sasol wax may be 6%-40%. More preferably, the mass ratio of Sasol wax may be 9% to 35%. More preferably, the mass ratio of Sasol wax may be 12%-30%. More preferably, the mass ratio of Sasol wax may be 15%-25%. More preferably, the mass ratio of Sasol wax may be 18%-22%. The first molding material of the above embodiment has high strength, which can reduce the possibility of wire breakage of the first molding material when the wire is fed with a small curvature.

In some embodiments, the proportion of sasol wax can be appropriately increased to improve the strength of the first molding material. For example, in some embodiments, the mass ratio of sasol wax may be 15%-45%.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various reasonable changes to the technical solution of this application on the basis of this application. For example, the sum of the proportions of Sasol wax and Fischer-Tropsch wax of the molding material can be specifically set according to actual needs to change the strength and toughness of the components. For example, the mass ratio of Sasol wax can be 30%, and the mass ratio of Fischer-Tropsch wax can be 15%. For another example, the mass ratio of Sasol wax may be 3%, and the mass ratio of Fischer-Tropsch wax may be 5%. Such a transformation is still within the protection scope of this application.

According to an example of the first molding material in the present invention described above, experiments were performed on the performance indicators of the first molding material from the following aspects, and the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained. Among them, the ring and ball softening point is the temperature at which the material begins to flow after being heated, and can be used as a parameter to determine the ease of melting, heat resistance, and exposure time of the material. The higher the softening point, the better the heat resistance. The dropping point is the lowest temperature at which it reaches a certain fluidity under specified conditions. The lower the dropping point, the better the fluidity of the material. Shore hardness is a measure of hardness. The larger the value, the higher the hardness of the material.

In Table 1, the actual measured values of the corresponding performance indicators for the first molding material are all within the range of standard values, that is, the first molding material meets the standard requirements for printing wax. In addition, during the development process of the present invention, experiments were also carried out on other embodiments of this specification, and the results obtained were also within the range of standard values.

Table 1

性能指标Performance	标准值standard value	实测值Measured value
环球软化点(℃)Ring and Ball Softening Point (℃)	110～115110～115	113.5113.5
滴点(℃)Dropping point (℃)	113～119113～119	116.5116.5
邵氏硬度(HD)Shore Hardness (HD)	45～5545～55	49.249.2
线径(mm)Wire diameter (mm)	1.75±0.051.75±0.05	1.721.72

In some embodiments, the second molding material may include PCL (polycaprolactone). Polycaprolactone is a non-toxic, insoluble in water, and easily soluble in a variety of polar organic solvents. Polycaprolactone has a melting point of only 60°C and can be softened at a very low temperature. At the same time, polycaprolactone is an environmentally friendly material that can be biodegraded.

In some embodiments, the PCL (polycaprolactone) used in the second molding material can be modified from ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, ethylene-acetate-vinyl ester copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, and polycaprolactone. One or more of low melting point high molecular substances such as butyl phthalate, glycol ester-adipate, and polybutylene succinate-adipate are replaced.

In some embodiments, the second molding material may include calcium carbonate. The addition of calcium carbonate can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the printing material, and ensure that it still has good fluidity, which is conducive to 3D printing. In some alternative embodiments, the second molding material may further include one or more of talc, kaolin, and glass beads. These materials can be used to replace calcium carbonate.

In some embodiments, the calcium carbonate used in the second molding material may be one or a combination of water-soluble and/or inorganic salts such as alkali metal sulfates, alkali metal carbonates, and/or alkali metal chlorides. In some embodiments, the calcium carbonate used in the second molding material can also be replaced by one or a combination of clay (such as kaolin, bentonite, etc.), talc, zeolite, silicate, silicon dioxide, and the like.

In some embodiments, the second molding material may include PEG (polyethylene glycol). Polyethylene glycol has good water solubility and good compatibility with many organic components. It can dissolve well in water or other solvents. In some alternative embodiments, the PEG (polyethylene glycol) used in the second molding material may be replaced by one or a combination of shellac wax, emulsified wax, and water-soluble silicone wax.

In some embodiments, the second molding material may further include glycerin. Glycerin has a low melting point, is miscible with water, and can be easily dissolved in water or other solvents.

In some embodiments, the mass ratios of different materials in the second molding material are different, and the effects of the corresponding materials are also different. The following will describe in detail the mass ratio of related materials in the second molding material.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of polycaprolactone may be 25% to 80%. Preferably, the mass ratio of polycaprolactone may be 30% to 76%. More preferably, the mass ratio of polycaprolactone may be 35% to 72%. More preferably, the mass ratio of polycaprolactone may be 40% to 68%. More preferably, the mass ratio of polycaprolactone may be 45%-65%. More preferably, the mass ratio of polycaprolactone may be 50% to 61%. More preferably, the mass ratio of polycaprolactone may be 54% to 58%. The second molding material in the foregoing embodiment has certain mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength, elongation at break, etc., and can be softened at a lower temperature and is easy to remove.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of calcium carbonate may be 3%-40%. Preferably, the mass ratio of calcium carbonate may be 5% to 35%. More preferably, the mass ratio of calcium carbonate may be 10%-30%. More preferably, the mass ratio of calcium carbonate may be 15%-25%. More preferably, the mass ratio of calcium carbonate may be 18%-23%. The second molding material in the foregoing embodiment has good printing and processing performance, and has certain mechanical properties such as tensile strength and bending strength.

In some embodiments, the proportion of calcium carbonate can be appropriately increased to improve the tensile strength and bending strength of the second molding material. For example, in some embodiments, the mass ratio of calcium carbonate may be 15%-40%.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol may be 3%-40%. Preferably, the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol may be 5% to 35%. More preferably, the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol may be 10%-30%. More preferably, the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol may be 15%-25%. More preferably, the mass ratio of polyethylene glycol may be 18% to 23%. The second molding material in the foregoing embodiment has certain mechanical properties such as tensile strength and flexural strength, and at the same time can be quickly dissolved in water or other solvents.

In some embodiments, the mass ratio of glycerin may be 1%-15%. Preferably, the mass ratio of glycerin may be 3% to 12%. More preferably, the mass ratio of glycerin may be 3%-9%. More preferably, the mass ratio of glycerin may be 4% to 6%. The second molding material in the above embodiment has good solubility, can be quickly dissolved in water or other solvents, and is easy to remove.

In some embodiments, the proportion of glycerin can be appropriately increased to increase the dissolution rate of the second molding material. For example, in some embodiments, the mass ratio of glycerin may be 8%-15%.

In some embodiments, each of the first and/or second molding materials may be made into a wire-like or thread-like material with a diameter of 1 mm to 4 mm. Preferably, the two molding materials can be made into filamentary or linear materials between 1.5 mm and 3 mm (such as 1.5 mm, 1.75 mm, 2.25 mm, 3 mm, etc.). In some embodiments, the wire-like or thread-like material can be obtained through multiple sets of drawing and extrusion processes. In some embodiments, the two molding materials can be rolled into a disk shape for storage. In some embodiments, the diameter of the linear material can be changed accordingly with the process requirements.

In some embodiments, the softening point of the first and/or second molding material may be in the temperature range of 45°C to 195°C. The softened material has a certain degree of fluidity and high plasticity, and can be easily molded into thinner filamentary materials for 3D printing. Preferably, the softening point of the molding material may be in the range of 55°C to 170°C. More preferably, the softening point of the molding material may be in the range of 60°C to 150°C. More preferably, the softening point of the molding material may be in the range of 65°C to 120°C. More preferably, the softening point of the molding material may be in the range of 70°C to 115°C.

In some embodiments, the increase/decrease of the softening point temperature of the first and/or second molding material can be achieved by adjusting the ratio of the material components. For example, the content of a component with a lower softening point in the composition can be increased to increase the softening point temperature of the molding material. For another example, the content of components with higher softening points in the components can be reduced to reduce the softening point temperature of the molding material. In some embodiments, the increase/decrease of the softening point temperature of the first and/or second molding material can be achieved by replacing the material components. For example, you can replace 42# paraffin in the molding material with 90# paraffin to get a wax material with a higher softening temperature.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various reasonable changes to the technical solution of this application on the basis of this application. For example, the components of the molding material can be specifically set according to actual needs to change the components to adjust some physical properties of the molding material (such as material properties such as hardness, softening point, dropping point, viscosity, etc.). Such a transformation is still within the protection scope of this application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spray head assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the spray head assembly in the molding module 110 may include: a main body and a nozzle 400. The main body may include: a mounting bracket 310, a wire squeezing driving device 320, a water cooling assembly 330, a heating assembly 340, and an angle adjustment block 350. The mounting bracket 310 can install the entire spray head assembly 300 on the truss mechanism 113. The wire extrusion drive device 320 can give a certain feeding force to the molding material, and can continuously send the softened molding material out of the nozzle 400 to obtain a printing entity. The heating component 340 can heat and soften the used molding material, so that the molding material can flow out of the nozzle assembly to realize printing and molding. The water-cooling component 330 ensures that the heat of the heating component 340 will not affect the normal operation of other mechanisms. The angle adjusting block 350 can adjust the inclination angle of the nozzle assembly 300, so that the entire nozzle assembly prints the molded part at a certain inclination angle. In some embodiments, the main body of the spray head assembly may not have the angle adjusting block 350.

In some embodiments, the molding module may include one nozzle assembly or multiple nozzle assemblies. Wherein, each nozzle assembly may include one nozzle or multiple nozzles. The nozzle assembly disclosed in the embodiment in FIG. 4 includes two nozzles, and each nozzle corresponds to a printing material, that is, the first molding material and the second molding material described above. In some other embodiments, the nozzle assembly may also include a nozzle, and both printing materials can flow out through the nozzle to achieve printing.

In some embodiments, when one nozzle corresponds to more than one type of printing material, the nozzle assembly 300 may also include a cutting device. The cutting device can cut the wax filament on the nozzle 400, and then realize the filament change, so that another wax material can flow out of the nozzle. The nozzle assembly with a cutting device can freely switch multiple printing materials, so that the nozzle assembly 300 with only one nozzle can also print multiple printing materials (such as the first molding material and the second molding material).

In some embodiments, the spray head assembly 300 may further include a plurality of nozzles 400, and the number of the nozzles may include at least 2, and may include 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, etc., depending on specific requirements. Select the appropriate number of nozzles for the printing scene. In some embodiments, the multiple nozzles may correspond to different printing materials in the same printed product. For example, the two nozzles in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 respectively correspond to the first molding material and the first molding material in the same product. The second molding material. In some embodiments, the multiple nozzles may also correspond to the same printing material in different products. For example, when printing 4 molded products at the same time, 8 nozzles can be provided in the molding module, where 4 nozzles correspond to the first molding material, and the remaining 4 nozzles correspond to the second molding material. For another example, when printing two different products at the same time, one of the products needs to use two molding materials, the other product only needs to use one molding material, and no supporting material is needed. Two of the three nozzles set correspond to each other. For the first molding material of the printing entity, there is a second molding material corresponding to the printing support. In some embodiments, the above multiple nozzles can be controlled to print at the same time to improve printing efficiency.

In some embodiments, the main body part may be detachably connected with the nozzle 400. For example, the connection mode may include, but is not limited to, threaded connection, pin connection, elastic deformation connection, lock connection, snap connection, and plug connection. In some embodiments, the main body 300 and the nozzle 400 may be integrally formed and connected. For example, the shape and structure of the nozzle 400 can be directly obtained on the shell of the main body by one or a combination of casting, forging, turning, additive manufacturing, powder metallurgy, etc.

In some embodiments, the main body may further include a circulation channel 360, and a circulation channel is also provided inside the nozzle 400, which may be referred to as a nozzle circulation channel. The circulation passage 360 is located upstream of the nozzle circulation passage and communicates with the nozzle circulation passage. In some embodiments, the cross-section of the circulation channel 360 may be circular. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the circulation channel 360 may be an ellipse, a square, a polygon, a polygon with different faces, and other shapes. In some embodiments, the size range of the diameter of the above-mentioned circulation channel 360 may include 1.5 mm to 3 mm; preferably, the size range may include 1.6 mm to 2.9 mm; preferably, the size range may include 1.75 mm to 2.85 mm ; Preferably, the size range may include 2mm ~ 2.5mm. In some embodiments, the caliber size of the circulation channel 360 needs to be matched with the wire used. For example, if the wire used for printing is 1.5mm, the diameter of the circulation channel 360 should also be 1.5mm. Preferably, the diameter size of the circulation channel 360 may be 2.85 mm or 1.75 mm.

In some embodiments, the shower head assembly 300 may further include a heating assembly 340. The heating component 340 may include, but is not limited to, any combination of one or more of filament heating, water flow heating, microwave heating, and the like. In some embodiments, the heating temperature of the heating component 340 can be adjusted.

In some embodiments, the spray head assembly 300 may further include an angle adjustment block 350. The angle adjustment block 350 may be mechanical. The mechanical angle adjustment block 350 can remain in a stationary state after setting. In some embodiments, the angle adjustment block 350 may be electrically controlled. The angle adjustment block 350 can be adjusted at any time during the printing process.

In some embodiments, the spray head assembly may also include a processor (or referred to as a controller). The processor may be provided in the spray head assembly 300, or the processor may be an external processor (such as the control module 140). The processor can be connected to the components in the nozzle assembly (such as the water cooling component 330, the heating component 340, and the angle adjustment block 350, etc.) in signal connection (such as electrical connection, wireless connection, etc.) or connected with other modules through the network 120, and can handle inspections Data in process. For example, the processor can be used to control the flow rate of, for example, the water-cooled component 330. For another example, the processor may adjust the angle of the angle adjustment block 350 in real time. For another example, the processor may adjust the heating temperature of the heating component 340 in real time.

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a nozzle according to some embodiments of the present application. Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nozzle according to some embodiments of the present application.

As shown in FIGS. 5-6, the nozzle 400 may include a tapered section 410, an outer hexagonal cylindrical section 420, and an outer threaded section 440, and the outer hexagonal cylindrical section 420 is located between the tapered section 410 and the outer threaded section 440.

In some embodiments, the nozzle 400 may be an integrally formed structure of a single component (the tapered section 410 is integrated with the outer hexagonal cylindrical section 420 and the outer threaded section 440). For example, the nozzle 400 can directly obtain the shape and structure required by the nozzle 400 through one or a combination of several methods such as casting, forging, turning, additive manufacturing, and powder metallurgy. In some embodiments, the nozzle 400 may be composed of multiple parts. For example, the tapered section 410, the outer hexagonal cylindrical section 420, and the outer threaded section 440 are three separate parts, and the three are detachably connected. For another example, the hexagonal cylindrical section 420 and the tapered section 410 may be the same component, and are detachably connected to the external threaded section 440. For another example, the hexagonal cylindrical section 420 can be the same component as the external threaded section 440, and is detachably connected to the tapered section 410. In some embodiments, the above-mentioned detachable fixed connection method may include, but is not limited to, threaded connection, pin connection, elastic deformation connection, lock connection, snap connection, plug connection, and the like.

In some embodiments, the external threaded section 440 may be used to threadly connect the nozzle 400 with the main body of the spray head assembly. In some embodiments, as the connection structure between the nozzle and the main body of the spray head assembly, other connection methods can also be used. For example, mechanical rigid connection methods such as pin connection, lock connection and snap connection. For another example, elastic connection methods such as plug-in connection and elastic deformation connection. Correspondingly, the external thread section 440 of the nozzle 400 needs to be adjusted correspondingly according to the different connection structure, so as to realize the connection between the nozzle and the above-mentioned main body.

In some embodiments, the purpose of the external hexagonal cylindrical section 420 is to facilitate assembly and disassembly. In some embodiments, tools such as pliers, adjustable wrenches, and external hexagonal wrenches can be used to engage with the outer edge of the external hexagonal cylindrical section 420 to rotatably disassemble and assemble the nozzle.

In some embodiments, the outer hexagonal cylindrical section 420 may also be an irregular polygon with different faces. Workers in the field can disassemble them by designing special/universal tools that are compatible with the polygonal column sections with different faces.

In some embodiments, there may be only one outer hexagonal cylindrical section 420, for example, the embodiment shown in FIG. 5. In some embodiments, there may be more than one outer hexagonal cylindrical section 420. It should be noted that the plurality of outer hexagonal cylindrical segments 420 may have different shapes. For example, one or more different-sided polygonal column segments are quadrangular, and the other one or more different-sided polygonal column segments are different-sided polygons.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 6, the nozzle 400 further includes a nozzle circulation channel 430. The nozzle circulation channel 430 is provided through the nozzle 400. As shown in FIG. 6, the nozzle flow passage 430 includes a tapered passage 431 and a cylindrical passage 432 downstream of the tapered passage.

In some embodiments, the central axis 433 of the tapered passage 431 may be consistent with the central axis of the nozzle flow passage 430, for example, the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. In some embodiments, the axis of the tapered channel 431 may be at a certain angle with the central axis of the flow channel 430 (not shown). In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the tapered channel 431 may be cylindrical. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the tapered channel may be an ellipse, a square, a polygon, a polygon with different faces, and other shapes.

In some embodiments, the taper of the tapered channel 431 can be set between 30° and 120°. Preferably, the taper of the tapered channel 431 can be set between 35° and 100°. More preferably, the taper of the tapered channel 431 can be set between 45° and 85°. More preferably, the taper of the tapered channel 431 can be set between 55° and 70°. More preferably, the taper of the tapered channel 431 may be set to 60°. The tapered channel 431 can squeeze the softened material into a filament with a desired diameter through plastic deformation, which is used for 3D printing. The smaller the taper of the tapered channel 431, the higher the efficiency of extruding the wire, the smaller the resistance generated by the plastic deformation of the material, but the salivation generated will increase accordingly.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various reasonable changes to the technical solution of this application on the basis of this application. For example, the angle of the tapered channel 431 may be specifically set according to the temperature of the molding material and printing characteristics. For example, for the same material, when a higher heating temperature is used, a nozzle with a smaller taper channel angle can be used. For another example, for a material with a low melting point and a lot of salivation (such as a second printing material), the angle of the tapered channel 431 can be increased adaptively. Such a transformation is still within the protection scope of this application.

In some embodiments, the cylindrical channel 432 disposed downstream of the tapered channel 431 can be used to maintain the shape and size of the molding material to meet printing requirements. In some embodiments, the cross-section of the cylindrical channel 432 may be circular. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical channel 432 may be an ellipse, a square, a polygon, a polygon with different faces, and other shapes.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 may be in the range of 2-6. The greater the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432, the less salivation produced during printing, and the higher the quality of the printed product, but the more likely material jams will occur. The lower the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432, the higher the efficiency of the printing material and the faster the printing speed, but the printing quality will decrease accordingly. Preferably, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 can be in the range of 2 to 4.5. More preferably, the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 can be in the range of 2 to 3 (such as 2, 2.3, 2.7, 3, etc.). In some embodiments, when the cross-section of the cylindrical channel 432 is circular, the aperture can be understood as the diameter of the cross-sectional circle; when the cross-section of the cylindrical channel 432 is a regular polygon, the aperture The size of can be understood as the diameter of the circumscribed circle of a regular polygon in cross section; when the cross section of the cylindrical channel 432 is an ellipse, the size of the aperture can be understood as the sum of the major axis diameter and the minor axis diameter of the ellipse.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various reasonable changes to the technical solution of this application on the basis of this application. For example, the ratio range of the length and the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 can be specifically set according to the molding material used. For example, for materials with high viscosity and easy to plug (such as the first molding material), the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 can be adaptively increased. For another example, for a material with a low melting point and a lot of salivation (such as a second printing material), the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 can be adaptively reduced. Such a transformation is still within the protection scope of this application.

In some embodiments, the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 may be between 0.1 mm and 2 mm. For example, the caliber size of the cylindrical channel 432 may be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm. Preferably, the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 may be between 0.2 mm and 1.6 mm. More preferably, the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 may be between 0.3 mm and 1.2 mm. More preferably, the diameter of the cylindrical channel 432 may be between 0.4 mm and 0.8 mm. The smaller the caliber size of the cylindrical channel 432, the longer the printing time, but the higher the precision of the molded part. The larger the caliber size of the cylindrical channel 432, the shorter the time required for printing, and the lower the precision of the molded part. The related structure of the nozzle in one or more of the above embodiments can be used in conjunction with the first molding material and/or the second molding material described above to obtain a better printing effect.

In some embodiments, in one or more 3D printing devices disclosed in this specification, a screw nozzle may also be used to realize the printing process of the first molding material and/or the second molding material as described above. For details, please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8. FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a screw spray head according to some embodiments of the present application, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a screw spray head according to some embodiments of the present application.

As shown in FIGS. 7-8, in some embodiments, the screw nozzle 500 may include: a screw motor 510, a wire feeding motor 520, a heating module 530, a screw 540, a screw connector 550, a wire feeding device 560, and a wire feeding channel 570, screw barrel 580 and nozzle 400. Wherein, the screw motor 510 is connected to the screw 540 through the screw connector 550; the screw 540 is arranged in the screw barrel 580 and rotates with the screw motor 510 in the screw barrel 580. The heating module 530 is arranged around the screw barrel 580 to ensure heating of the screw, so as to heat and soften the molding material used, so that the molding material can flow out of the screw groove of the screw to realize printing and molding. The wire feeding motor 520 can drive the wire feeding device 560 to move, and give a certain feeding force to the molding material, so that the molding material continuously passes through the wire feeding channel 570. In some embodiments, the screw motor 510 and/or the wire feeding motor 520 operate according to the relevant instructions preset in the control module or a given preset path, so that the filament material can follow the preset rules. Lay into the corresponding three-dimensional model. In some embodiments, the control of the screw motor 510 and/or the wire feeding motor 520 may be performed by the control module 140 in one or more embodiments above, and may be performed independently of the control module 140.

In some embodiments, the screw connector 550 may be a rigid structure, which connects the screw motor 510 and the screw 540, so that the screw motor 510 can drive the screw 540 to move. In some embodiments, the screw connector 550 may be made of a special high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating material, which can prevent heat from being conducted to the screw motor 510 and ensure the reliability of the screw motor 510. In some embodiments, the screw connector 550 may also have a speed change mechanism, and the movement speed of the screw 540 can be controlled by switching the speed change mechanism.

In some embodiments, the speed at which the wire feeder 560 feeds the molding material is adjustable. The wire feeding device 560 can adjust the feeding force of the molding material according to the requirement of extruding the material at the nozzle 400. The wire feeder 560 can be in various forms capable of transporting wires. Preferably, the wire feeding device 560 may be a wire feeding wheel.

In some embodiments, the wire feeding motor 520 can control the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding device 560. In some embodiments, the wire feeding device 560 may include gears, racks, or lead screws, nuts, or other driving or transmission components. In some embodiments, the wire feeding motor 520 can control the driving or transmission components of the wire feeding device 560 by controlling its own speed. In some embodiments, the wire feeding device 560 has multiple sets of transmission components, such as multiple sets of gears, and the control of the magnitude of the feeding force is achieved by switching the multiple sets of transmission components. In some embodiments, the wire feeding motor 520 can also accurately control the speed at which the molding material is fed into the screw barrel according to the extrusion flow rate of the material. The extrusion flow rate refers to the volume of the molding material output per unit time. When the extrusion flow rate of the molding material is required to be smaller, the wire feeding motor 520 can adaptively reduce the speed to reduce the speed at which the molding material is fed into the screw barrel; conversely, it can increase the speed at which the molding material is fed into the screw barrel.

It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various reasonable changes to the technical solution of this application on the basis of this application. For example, the screw motor 510 and the wire feeding motor 520 may have different forms. For example, the motor may be a stepper motor, or a servo motor, etc. Such a transformation is still within the protection scope of this application.

In some embodiments, the screw barrel 580 and the passage 430 of the nozzle 400 are arranged through. The molding material can be continuously sent to the nozzle 400 through the screw groove of the screw 540, and extruded through the nozzle for molding. In some embodiments, the inner wall of the screw barrel 580 has a threaded section that matches the outer threaded section 440 of the nozzle 400 to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the nozzle 400 on the screw barrel 580.

In some embodiments, the wire feeding channel 570 communicates with the screw barrel 580. The molding material of the wire feeding passage 570 may be fed into the screw barrel 580 and softened/melted by the heating module 530 arranged around the screw barrel 580. The softened/melted molding material can flow in the groove of the screw 540.

In some embodiments, the heating module 530 may have a cylindrical shape, which completely covers the screw barrel 580 to ensure the heating of the screw 540. In some embodiments, the heating module 530 may have other shapes, as long as it is ensured that the heating module 530 contains a round hole that can match the screw barrel 580. In some embodiments, the heating module 530 may also be in other forms such as heating tubes, heating coils, heating rods, and liquid heating. Preferably, the heating module may be a method in which a heating tube or a heating rod is embedded in a metal material. More preferably, the metal used in the heating module 530 may be aluminum.

In some embodiments, the heating module 530 also has a thermal insulation layer. The thermal insulation layer can effectively improve the heat utilization rate, avoid excessive heat loss during the heating process, and improve the energy utilization rate. Preferably, the material of the thermal insulation layer may be thermal insulation cotton.

In some embodiments, the nozzle is connected to the screw barrel through a thread, and is sealed by a mechanical end face to prevent flashing. In some embodiments, the aperture size of the nozzle can be set between 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm, and the aperture size of the nozzle 400 in one or more embodiments can also be referred to.

The possible beneficial effects of one or more embodiments disclosed in this application include, but are not limited to: (1) The strength and toughness of the molding materials are well matched, which can effectively reduce the possibility of material fracture during the feeding process; (2) Molding The material can be dissolved in water and weakly acidic solvents for easy removal; (3) The molding material is economical and low in cost; (4) The molding material is based on paraffin wax, which is consistent with traditional precision casting wax and can be used for casting Industry, process consistency is good; (6) The nozzle used can be applied to wires of various diameters;

The above descriptions are only the preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in the protection of this application. Within range.

Claims

A molding device system, characterized in that, the system includes:

The forming module is used to lay the forming material into a preset shape;

The control module is used to control the forming module to lay according to the preset trajectory corresponding to the preset shape.
The molding device system of claim 1, wherein the molding material includes a first molding material and a second molding material, and the first molding material includes petroleum resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and paraffin wax.
The molding device system according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the petroleum resin is 20%-30%.
The molding device system according to claim 2, wherein the ratio of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 15%-25%.
The molding device system of claim 2, wherein the first molding material further comprises: Fischer-Tropsch wax and Sasol wax.
The molding device system of claim 5, wherein the proportion of the Fischer-Tropsch wax is 15%-25%.
The molding device system according to claim 5, wherein the proportion of the sasol wax is 10%-20%.
The molding device system of claim 2, wherein the second molding material comprises: polycaprolactone, calcium carbonate, glycerin, polyethylene glycol, and paraffin wax.
The molding device system of claim 8, wherein the proportion of the polycaprolactone is 45%-65%; the proportion of the calcium carbonate is 15%-25%; the polyethylene glycol The proportion is 15%-25%; the proportion of the glycerol is less than or equal to 10%.
The molding device system according to claim 2, wherein the molding module includes a nozzle, and a circulation channel is provided inside the nozzle, and the circulation channel includes a tapered channel, and the downstream of the tapered channel Cylindrical channel; the ratio of the length to the diameter of the cylindrical channel ranges from 2 to 6.
The molding device system according to claim 10, wherein the ratio of the length and the diameter of the cylindrical channel is in the range of 2-3.
The molding device system according to claim 10, wherein the nozzle includes a tapered section, an outer hexagonal cylindrical section and an external threaded section; the outer hexagonal cylindrical section is located between the tapered section and the Between the external thread segments.
The molding device system according to claim 10, wherein the diameter of the cylindrical channel includes one or more of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm Kind.
The molding device system of claim 10, wherein the angle range of the tapered channel includes 50°-90° or 60°.
The molding device system according to claim 10, wherein the molding module includes a nozzle assembly, the nozzle assembly includes the nozzle and a main body part, the main body part and the nozzle are detachably connected or integrally formed connection;

A circulation channel is arranged inside the main body, and the circulation channel inside the main body is located upstream of the circulation channel inside the nozzle and communicates with the circulation channel inside the nozzle.
The molding device system according to claim 15, wherein the diameter of the internal circulation channel of the main body includes 1.5 mm to 3 mm or 3.2 mm or 2.0 mm.
The molding device system according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined shape includes a solid area laid by the first molding material and a support area laid by the second molding material; the solid area The support area can be completely separated by a steam separation device.