WO2021130662A1 - Polinizador motorizado y métodos de uso para polinización asistida y artificial - Google Patents
Polinizador motorizado y métodos de uso para polinización asistida y artificial Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021130662A1 WO2021130662A1 PCT/IB2020/062312 IB2020062312W WO2021130662A1 WO 2021130662 A1 WO2021130662 A1 WO 2021130662A1 IB 2020062312 W IB2020062312 W IB 2020062312W WO 2021130662 A1 WO2021130662 A1 WO 2021130662A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pollination
- mixture
- assisted
- pollen
- inflorescences
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to apparatus, devices or machines designed to carry out assisted and / or artificial pollination in plants of agroindustrial interest, such as oil palm OxG hybrids.
- the invention provides apparatus specially designed to be easily carried by the operator, which allows them to be used continuously during the working day.
- the devices of the invention have a motor that allows the effective application of mixture (s) of products used in assisted and / or artificial pollination.
- the mixture applied to the inflorescences comprises only pollen and talc
- the mixture comprises, in addition to pollen and talc, a growth regulator, which is therefore general, 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (ANA).
- ANA 1-naphthaleneacetic acid
- artificial pollination offers advantages over assisted pollination, since it eliminates the need to carry out the treatment on the same inflorescence several times a week (high frequency).
- by means of artificial pollination it is possible to carry out the treatment on the same inflorescence with a decreased frequency, for example, at intervals of once a week.
- the operator in charge of the pollination work will only have to enter the lot once or twice a week, to pollinate the new inflorescences (in anthesis or after anthesis) and to carry out the process. on the inflorescences that were treated one or two weeks before.
- the clothing commonly used consists of devices or apparatus that have a storage container and means to drive the mixture, such as suction pears, which must be operated manually.
- patent documents such as CN208354273U, KR20160089719A and CN 107484654 teach devices for pollination in plants or fruit trees, such as blueberries and kiwi, which have chambers for the storage of pollen and mechanisms for its delivery, and have They have been designed in such a way that they can be carried by the operator during their operation.
- each of these devices is designed to face difficulties inherent to the specific cultivation for each type of plant, for example, the apparatus described in document CN208354273U seeks to suppress pollen losses related to traditional pollination methods in blueberries, for which it uses a system that has a unidirectional air bag and, in addition, a perforated head that allows the application of pollen.
- the device described KR20160089719A seeks to control and correct the amount of liquid atomized and delivered by the nozzle, in order to reduce the losses of pollen or other agrochemicals caused during artificial insemination or fumigation processes for plants grown in greenhouses, where the pollen or agrochemical must be applied in a liquid medium.
- document CN 107484654 seeks to improve the efficiency of the pollination process in kiwi, which is carried out through the application of a liquid pollen mixture. To achieve this end, this document provides a machine for air spray pollination.
- patent document CN208657591U discloses a device designed for pollination of the upper branches of fruit trees, such as apple, pear or peach trees, which makes use of an air blower and a battery that powers it.
- this device is designed as a vehicle, and therefore has a high cost and requires specific terrain conditions for its operation.
- ANA refers to 1-naphthaleneacetic acid
- RFF Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunches.
- OxG refers to oil palm hybrids obtained as a result of crossing Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis.
- Bracts and Peduncular Bracts are used synonymously and refer to the specialized and modified leaves associated with the inflorescences originating from the peduncle.
- prophyla refers to the first bract of an auxiliary branch.
- the present application describes a novel apparatus for assisted pollination and / or artificial pollination in OxG oil palm hybrids, which has a mixture storage container, a mechanism for the application of the same and a set of hooks to partially open the peduncular bracts of the inflorescences.
- the pollinator apparatus of the invention is made up of a motor adapted to reduce noise and avoid overheating, a charge regulator, a battery, a solar panel, a container for the storage of product mixture (s) used in assisted pollination (talc: pollen) and / or artificial (talc: pollen: ANA), a conduit that allows the transport and application of this (s) mixture (s) and a tube which, in addition to supporting the application conduit, has a series of hooks in its terminal part to open the peduncular bracts.
- a motor adapted to reduce noise and avoid overheating
- a charge regulator adapted to reduce noise and avoid overheating
- a battery a battery
- a solar panel a container for the storage of product mixture (s) used in assisted pollination (talc: pollen) and / or artificial (talc: pollen: ANA)
- a conduit that allows the transport and application of this (s) mixture (s) and a tube which, in addition to supporting the application conduit, has
- the pollinator device of the invention is designed in such a way that all the elements are assembled together by means of a vest-type harness, which allows the solar panel to be located on the operator's back, thus making the device easily transported during the working day.
- Figure 1 corresponds to a rear view of the motorized pollinator of the invention.
- Figure 2 corresponds to the exploded view of the motorized pollinator of the invention.
- Figure 3 corresponds to a detailed view of the vest-type harness that is part of the motorized pollinator of the invention.
- Figure 4 corresponds to a front view of the motorized pollinator of the invention, being used by an operator.
- Figure 5 corresponds to a photograph showing the motorized pollinator of the invention in operation.
- Figure 6 corresponds to photographs that illustrate the process of applying the mixture of products used for assisted and / or artificial pollination by means of the motorized pollinator of the invention.
- Figure 7 corresponds to a photograph that shows the result of pollination in inflorescences.
- Figure 8 corresponds to the scheme where the classification given by the evaluation of cluster conformation in OxG cultivars is illustrated.
- Vest-type harness corresponds to a piece or garment made up of a set of straps designed so that the pollinator can be carried by the operator.
- the harness also has compartments that support the other elements that make up the pollinator.
- Modified motor corresponds to an electric motor adapted to reduce heating and noise generated, comprising an electric motor, a chamber made up of two compartments, a propeller or blade, caps or plugs, and connection elements to a pipe.
- Battery corresponds to a device that allows energy to be stored and converted into electrical current.
- Solar panel, plate or module corresponds to a device in charge of capturing solar radiation for later use as a source of energy.
- Storage container corresponds to a container that stores the mixture (s) used for assisted or artificial pollination.
- This container comprises a chamber connected to an outlet pipe and a coupling plug.
- Application conduit ⁇ corresponds to a flexible conduit that conducts the mixture (s) for pollination from the storage container to the inflorescences.
- Support tube ⁇ corresponds to an elongated body that provides support to the application conduit, which also includes terminations used to open the pedicle bracts for the application of the samples.
- Actuation mechanism ⁇ corresponds to an electrical device that enables the apparatus of the invention to be turned on and off.
- Means of electrical connection correspond to the wiring and electrical connections that allow the passage of electrical current between the different components of the pollinator of the invention.
- Charge regulator corresponds to a device in charge of regulating the transfer of energy from the solar panel to the battery, in order to avoid an overload.
- the motorized pollinator of the invention comprises a vest-shaped harness (1), a motor adapted to reduce noise and avoid overheating (2), a battery (3), a solar panel (4) and a storage container (5).
- the solar panel (4) has dimensions such that its area substantially covers the back of the worker, as can be seen, for example, in Figure 5.
- the invention provides an apparatus that has a comfortable and light arrangement, which facilitates its transport by the operator during the work day.
- the apparatus of the invention is characterized in that it comprises an adapted motor (2), which allows to drive the mixture (s) avoiding vibrations, overheating and unwanted noises, which affect the normal development of the task, as they are uncomfortable and they can represent a risk to the operator's well-being.
- the modified motor (2) comprises an electric motor (2a) located inside a chamber formed by two compartments (2b and 2b ' ), and a propeller or blade (2c ) responsible for generating air currents.
- the first compartment (2b) of the container acts as a support for the electric motor (2a) avoiding its vibration
- the second compartment (2b ' ) provides a means of thermal insulation for the electric motor (2a) given by the air currents generated by the propeller (2c).
- the second compartment (2b ' ) is coupled to a pipe (2g) by means of connection elements (2e, 2f).
- the plugs (2d) allow the closure and protection of the chamber.
- the connection means (2e, 2f) correspond to pipes and coupling elements, such as elbows, commonly used in the technical field.
- the storage container (5) is connected to the modified motor (2) by means of the pipe (2g), which also carries the air generated by the motor, thus allowing the movement of the mixture.
- the storage container (5) is formed by a chamber (5a) that is assembled to a coupling plug (5c) by means of a connecting element (5b), a outlet pipe (5d) and a plug (5e) that protects and closes the end of the container (5).
- the coupling plug (5c) has openings for joining the pipes (2e) and (5d), allowing their assembly with them.
- the chamber (5a) is a chamber having a compartment. In another embodiment, the chamber (5a) has two compartments. In additional embodiments, the chamber (5a) has more than two compartments.
- the storage container (5) is adapted to safely contain the mixtures of products used both for assisted pollination (pollen: talc) and for artificial pollination (pollen: talc: ANA).
- the device of the invention has a transport and application conduit (6a) which acts as a passage channel for the mixture (s) of products used for assisted pollination. and / or artificial from the storage container (5) and its application on the inflorescences.
- the application conduit (6a) is coupled to an application nozzle (6b) at one of its ends.
- the apparatus of the invention has a reinforcement (6c) which directs the application conduit (6a).
- the motorized pollinator of the invention also comprises a support tube (7a) which supports the transport conduit (6a).
- the support tube (7a) has one or more hook-shaped terminations (7b) at one of its ends.
- the terminations (7b) allow the peduncular bracts to be partially opened so that the inflorescence is exposed to receive the mixture of products used for assisted pollination (Talc: Pollen) and / or the mixture of products used for artificial pollination. (Talc: Pollen: ANA).
- the terminations (7b) have a point that allows marking the leaves that support the inflorescences for their later recognition in the planting.
- the support tube (7a) is articulated with an actuating mechanism (8) that enables the device of the invention to be turned on or off.
- the drive mechanism (8) is located in the section of the tube closest to the storage container (5) so that it is easy to access and handle for the operator, who does not lose stability during the application of the mixture. when operating the device of the invention.
- the device of the invention has electrical connection means (9) that connect the battery (3), the solar panel (4) and the adapted motor (2) to the charge regulator (10), and the engine adapted (2) to the drive mechanism (8).
- said connection means include electrical cables, terminations and connectors.
- the vest-type harness (1) included in the motorized pollinator of the invention comprises a series of adjustable straps (1a), a pocket (1b) inside which the battery (3) is located , a pocket (1c) where the adapted motor (2) is located, a fastener (1 d) that fits the storage container (5), a series of straps (1e) configured to support the solar panel (4 ) and a system of straps (1f) that allow the operator to adjust the harness.
- the coupling plug (5c) are made of a light material with high mechanical and chemical resistance, such as PVC or similar.
- connection means (2e, 2f) and the pipe (2g) are made of materials with high mechanical resistance, such as PVC or the like.
- the motor (2a) is a 12 Volt DC 5 Amp electric motor (21840 rpm).
- the battery (3) is a 12 Volt 5 A battery or any equivalent alternative.
- the solar panel (4) is a 10 Watt 12 Volt polycrystalline solar panel.
- both the container (5) for storing the mixture of products used for assisted pollination (Talc: Pollen) and / or a mixture of products used for artificial pollination (Talc: Pollen: ANA), as well as its lid (5a), are made of PVC, aluminum, or any other material with high mechanical and chemical resistance.
- the outlet pipe (5d) corresponds to a lightweight metallic pipe.
- the outlet pipe is made of copper.
- the conduit (6a) included in the motorized pollinator according to the invention is a flexible conduit with a sufficient diameter for the homogeneous outlet of the mixture, such as a hose made of rubber, plastic or any other material of high mechanical and chemical resistance.
- the application conduit (6a) is a high pressure 10x15 mm rubber hose (internally smooth), and its length will be selected according to the height of the palms to be treated.
- the conduit (6a) is located inside the support tube (7a). In another embodiment, the conduit (6a) is located next to the conduit (6a). In a further embodiment, the support tube (7a) is made of a light and resistant material, such as aluminum. In still another embodiment, the hooks (7b) are made of a strong and hard material, such as steel or the like.
- the device of the invention also comprises all the joining elements, such as clamps, screws, nuts or the like, that may be necessary for its assembly and operation.
- the invention relates to a method for assisted and / or artificial pollination of OxG oil palm hybrids, which comprises the step of applying a pollen-talc mixture to female inflorescences in a state of anthesis by means of the motorized pollinator of the invention.
- the assisted and / or artificial pollination method comprises the steps of:
- the method of the invention comprises the application of a mixture of products used for Assisted Pollination (Talc: Pollen) and / or a mixture of products used for Artificial Pollination (Talc: Pollen: ANA) , where the application method will depend on the conditions established in each plantation.
- the pollination is assisted pollination.
- the application of the Pollen: Talc mixture should be carried out in the same batch with a frequency of 3 times a week, that is, entering the batch every other day.
- pollination is assisted pollination, and the pollen-talc mixture applied to the inflorescences has a ratio of 1: 7 respectively, that is, for each gram of pollen used in the mixture, 7 are added grams of talc.
- different proportions are used in the pollen: talc mixture, such as 1:10 (Pollen: Talc).
- the pollination is artificial pollination, in which the application of the Pollen: Talc: ANA mixture is carried out once or twice a week, depending on the number of inflorescences found in the particular lot.
- each of the inflorescences must be pollinated once a week, for 3 consecutive weeks, and must not be over-pollinated in the same week.
- the operator will enter the same batch twice a week in order to identify the inflorescences in a state of anthesis and apply the mixture (s) on them, favoring the formation of normal fruits (pitted fruits).
- the pollination is artificial pollination
- the mixture of pollen: talc: ANA applied to each inflorescence comprises from approximately 80 mg to approximately 120 mg of Pollen, from approximately 1000 mg of talc to approximately 4000 mg of talc, and from about 100 mg to about 280 mg of ANA.
- the total amount of mixture applied to each inflorescence is between about 1180 to about 4000 mg. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the amount of mix per application is approximately 1400 mg. In another embodiment, this amount is about 4000 mg. In a preferred embodiment, the mixture comprises approximately 120 mg of ANA per application to each inflorescence. In another embodiment, the mixture comprises approximately 180 mg of ANA per application to each inflorescence. In yet another more preferred embodiment, the mixture comprises approximately 240 mg of ANA per application to each inflorescence.
- the mixture comprises approximately 100 mg of pollen per application to each inflorescence. In yet another embodiment, the mixture comprises approximately 80 mg of pollen per application to each inflorescence.
- the mixture comprises the amount of talc necessary to reach a preselected total weight per application on each inflorescence.
- the amount of talc present in each mixture will be calculated from the amount of ANA and the amount of pollen used, and from the total amount of mixture necessary for the application on each inflorescence.
- the mixture may comprise talc in amounts of, for example, 1180 mg, 1120, 1060 or 3680 mg, as the case may be.
- a motorized pollinator was manufactured and assisted pollination was carried out according to what is mentioned in the present application in a 7-year-old culture of Hybrid OxG material Unipalma.
- the motorized pollinator of the invention demonstrated that it can be carried and operated by the operator without requiring significant physical effort, making it possible to reach tall inflorescences without difficulty.
- the assisted pollination procedure was carried out using a suction bulb (manually operated) for the application of the sample.
- the pollen-talc mixture was applied by means of the device of the invention, as can be seen in Figure 6, for approximately 2 months, monitoring the formation of RFF.
- the average weight was 21.8 kg, with an increase of 7.0 kg compared to pollination with Pear.
- inflorescences pollinated in the Post-Anthesis stage with the device of the invention presented an average weight of 12.8 kg, with an increase of 2.4 kg compared to pollination with Pear.
- the weight gain of the fruits achieved with the device of the invention compared to Pear was 5.9 kg, without taking into account the state of the inflorescence.
- Table 3 Exemplary mixtures used in the artificial pollination process.
- the device of the invention can be found in operation throughout the working day, thanks to the battery and solar panel system.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112022012672A BR112022012672A2 (pt) | 2019-12-27 | 2020-12-22 | Aparelho para a polinização assistida e métodos para polinização assistida em híbridos oxg e para polinização artificial em híbridos oxg |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CO2019014815 | 2019-12-27 | ||
CONC2019/0014815 | 2019-12-27 |
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WO2021130662A1 true WO2021130662A1 (es) | 2021-07-01 |
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PCT/IB2020/062312 WO2021130662A1 (es) | 2019-12-27 | 2020-12-22 | Polinizador motorizado y métodos de uso para polinización asistida y artificial |
Country Status (3)
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BR (1) | BR112022012672A2 (es) |
EC (1) | ECSP22049988A (es) |
WO (1) | WO2021130662A1 (es) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102422807A (zh) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-25 | 四川川龙拖拉机制造有限公司 | 一种吹拂授粉器及使用此吹拂授粉器进行吹拂授粉的方法 |
CN106258943A (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-04 | 浙江大学 | 背负式杂交水稻制种授粉机及其方法 |
CN206949161U (zh) * | 2017-08-01 | 2018-02-02 | 李溪雨 | 一种新能源果树授粉器 |
CN207820793U (zh) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-09-07 | 四川农业大学 | 一种玉米育种用授粉装置 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-22 BR BR112022012672A patent/BR112022012672A2/pt unknown
- 2020-12-22 WO PCT/IB2020/062312 patent/WO2021130662A1/es active Application Filing
-
2022
- 2022-06-24 EC ECSENADI202249988A patent/ECSP22049988A/es unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102422807A (zh) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-04-25 | 四川川龙拖拉机制造有限公司 | 一种吹拂授粉器及使用此吹拂授粉器进行吹拂授粉的方法 |
CN106258943A (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-01-04 | 浙江大学 | 背负式杂交水稻制种授粉机及其方法 |
CN206949161U (zh) * | 2017-08-01 | 2018-02-02 | 李溪雨 | 一种新能源果树授粉器 |
CN207820793U (zh) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-09-07 | 四川农业大学 | 一种玉米育种用授粉装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
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EPA TUMACO: "Polinizacion artificial, POLINIZA 6, nuevo método de aplicar mezcla de ANA en cultivo de palma... .", YOUTUBE, 28 August 2019 (2019-08-28), XP055899865, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I6thz-L2fjo> * |
ESTUPIÑAN GUSTAVO ROSERO, ARCINIEGAS LIBARDO SANTACRUZ: "Efecto de la polinizaci6n asistida en medio lfquido en la conformaci6n del racimo en material hfbrido OxG en la plantaci6n Guaicaramo S.A", vol. 354, 1 January 2014 (2014-01-01), pages 11 - 19, XP055899858 * |
GOB ANTIOQUIA: "Todo el proceso de la palma de aceite en Escuela de Campo (Capítulo Completo)", YOUTUBE, 22 July 2014 (2014-07-22), XP055899847, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LqShc_OB9ZY> * |
JOSE LUIS PACHECO: "Aplicación de ANA", YOUTUBE, 18 May 2019 (2019-05-18), XP055899869, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EZ23MUgBGZU> * |
NOHRA MALDONADO: "Cultivares Hfbridos OxG y la reactivacin productiva de zonas problema con PC", XP055899863, [retrieved on 20220310] * |
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BR112022012672A2 (pt) | 2022-09-06 |
ECSP22049988A (es) | 2022-07-29 |
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