WO2021125314A1

WO2021125314A1 - Fire extinguishing device and fire extinguishing method

Info

Publication number: WO2021125314A1
Application number: PCT/JP2020/047384
Authority: WO
Inventors: 広嗣横沢
Original assignee: 株式会社日本バイタル
Priority date: 2019-12-20
Filing date: 2020-12-18
Publication date: 2021-06-24
Also published as: JP7396644B2; JP2021097805A

Abstract

Provided is a fire extinguishing device for assisting initial fire-extinguishing in a forest or the like.　The present invention comprises: a fire extinguisher 10 that accommodates a fire extinguishing agent 12 in a shell 11; a scattering means (13) for scattering the fire extinguishing agent 12 by breaking the shell 11; and an installing means (5) for installing the fire extinguisher 10 at a predetermined height from the ground surface, wherein the scattering means scatters the fire extinguishing agent 12 at a predetermined temperature or higher.

Description

Fire extinguishing device and fire extinguishing method

The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing method.

Forest fires are occurring frequently in various places due to global warming. Since the fire site is a mountainous area with many undulations, technology for forest fires that assists fire extinguishing activities has been developed. For example, Patent Document 1 has a chassis formed of a metal structure, a power wheel is installed at the rear of the chassis, the power wheel has a plurality of flaps along the outer circumference, and the power wheel is on the side of the shaft. A fire extinguisher that transmits power from a toothed crown gear installed in the chassis is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-183401

However, with the above technology, it was necessary to go to the site of a forest fire in the mountains, and there was a problem that initial fire extinguishing was difficult.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems and the like, and an example of the problem is to provide a fire extinguishing device that assists the initial fire extinguishing in a forest or the like.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 comprises a storage means for accommodating a fire extinguishing agent in a shell, a scattering means for bursting the shell and scattering the fire extinguishing agent, and the above-mentioned invention. The accommodating means includes an installation means for installing the accommodating means at a predetermined height from the ground, and the scattering means is characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent is scattered at a predetermined temperature or higher.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 1 further includes a reflecting means for reflecting the scattered fire extinguishing agent to change the scattering direction.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, the reflecting means is installed so as to cover the shell above the shell with respect to the ground. And.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the fire extinguishing device according to

claim

2 or 3, the reflecting means has a cone shape whose apex faces the shell.

The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that, in the fire extinguisher according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the scattering means scatters the fire extinguishing agent by the pressure of a gas cylinder. To do.

The invention according to claim 6 is the fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the urged means is released by a liquid, and the gas cylinder is opened by the urging means to eject gas. It is characterized by.

The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the accommodating means accommodates plant seeds.

The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in the fire extinguishing device according to claim 7, the seeds of the plant are covered with a heat insulating agent.

Further, the invention according to claim 9 provides an alarm means for notifying an alarm before the scattering means scatters the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8. It is characterized by being further prepared.

The invention according to claim 10 includes a detection step for detecting temperature, a shell body installed at a predetermined height from the ground, and a shell body containing the fire extinguishing agent, and the shell body is burst to disperse the fire extinguishing agent. A fire extinguisher having a scattering means, the fire extinguisher is characterized by including a scattering step for operating the scattering means of the fire extinguisher when the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.

According to the present invention, a storage means for accommodating a fire extinguishing agent in a shell is installed at a predetermined height from the ground, the shell is burst at a predetermined temperature or higher, and the fire extinguishing agent is scattered, thereby causing a forest or the like. It is possible to assist the initial fire extinguishing in the place where the fire extinguishing device is installed.

It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the fire extinguishing apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the fire extinguisher of FIG. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the outline structure of the controller of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the operation of a fire extinguishing apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the fire extinguishing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the fire extinguisher of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the reflection means of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the reflection means of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the reflection means of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the divergence means. It is a schematic diagram which shows an example of the gas cylinder release part. It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the fire extinguisher. It is a schematic diagram which shows the deformation example of a shell body. It is a schematic diagram which shows the open state of the shell body of FIG. 11A. It is a schematic diagram which shows the deformation example of a shell body. It is a schematic diagram which shows the open state of the shell body of FIG. 12A.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The embodiment described below is an embodiment when the present invention is applied to a fire extinguishing device.

(First Embodiment)
[1. Fire extinguishing device configuration and function overview]
(1.1 Configuration and function of fire extinguishing device)

First, the configuration and outline function of the fire extinguishing device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a fire extinguishing device according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fire extinguisher 1 according to the present embodiment is installed at a predetermined height from the ground by a pole 5, and controls the fire extinguisher 10 accommodating the fire extinguisher and the scattering of the fire extinguisher 10. The controller 20 is provided.

In the fire extinguisher 10, the internal inflator expands due to the ignition signal from the controller 20, and the fire extinguisher is scattered around. The fire extinguisher 10 is fixed to the upper end of the pole 5. The diameter of the spherical fire extinguisher 10 is, for example, 30 cm to 1 m.

When the controller 20 detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature by the temperature sensor, the controller 20 notifies the alarm unit 22 by sound or light. The controller 20 transmits an ignition signal to the fire extinguisher 10 when a predetermined time has elapsed after the notification.

The fire extinguishing device 1 is installed at predetermined intervals in the forest, especially in the vicinity where a fire is likely to occur. In the fire extinguisher device 1, when the controller 20 detects the heat of the fire, the fire extinguisher 10 scatters the extinguishing agent to the surroundings to suppress or extinguish the surrounding fire.

Here, the pole 5 is made of metal, wood, plastic, etc. The lower end of the pole 5 may be tapered so that it can be easily inserted into the ground or the like. When the material of the pole 5 is metal, hollow aluminum, stainless steel, or iron may be used. The pole 5 may be a hollow plastic rod.

Wiring connecting the fire extinguisher 10 and the controller 20 is installed in the hollow of the pole 5. When the pole 5 is a wooden rod, a groove for wiring may be provided in the vertical direction.

The length of the pole 5 is, for example, 30 cm to 3 m. The higher the height at which the fire extinguisher 10 is installed, the wider the fire extinguisher is scattered, but the thinner the fire extinguisher reaches the ground. Therefore, it is preferable that the diameter of the fire extinguisher 10 is larger.

(1.2 Configuration and function of fire extinguisher 10)
Next, the configuration and function of the fire extinguisher 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of the fire extinguisher 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fire extinguisher 10 has a shell 11 that forms the outer shape of the fire extinguisher 10, a fire extinguishing agent 12 housed in the shell 11, and an inflator 13 that scatters the fire extinguisher 12. Here, the fire extinguisher 10 is an example of the accommodating means for accommodating the extinguishing agent 12 in the shell 11. The pole 5 is an example of an installation means for installing the accommodating means at a predetermined height from the ground.

The shell 11 is made of, for example, plastic. The material of the shell 11 is preferably a material that is decomposed by microorganisms after scattering and has a small impact on the environment. For example, the material of the shell 11 is composed of components exemplified by polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, casein, modified starch, cellulose, starch, chitosan, etc., alone or in combination.

The shell 11 may be made of wood. Further, the shell body 11 may be made of a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel so that the fire extinguishing agent 12 can be reused after being scattered.

The shape of the shell body 11 is, for example, a spherical shell having a predetermined thickness. The shape of the shell 11 may be a cube, a cylinder, a spindle, or the like as long as it can accommodate a fire extinguishing agent. The shell body 11 may have a structure in which paper or a plastic film is wrapped in multiple layers, such as a fireworks display. Further, in order to increase the strength and improve the scattering force, the shell body 11 may be further wound with a weir on the outside.

The surface of the shell 11 may be waterproofed. The surface of the shell 11 may be treated to prevent deterioration due to ultraviolet rays.

The fire extinguishing agent 12 has a powder-based component having a fire extinguishing ability, such as ammonium phosphate monobasic, sodium hydrogen carbonate, and potassium hydrogen carbonate. Further, the fire extinguisher 12 may be a water / foam-based fire extinguisher containing potassium carbonate, a fluorine-based surfactant, or the like. Further, the fire extinguishing agent 12 may be a fire extinguishing agent that reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate and aluminum sulfate to generate bubbles.

The fire extinguishing agent 12 may be a super absorbent polymer containing water. For example, superabsorbent polymer sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and the like.

Plant seeds may be mixed with the fire extinguishing agent 12. As a result, the fire extinguishing agent is scattered and seeds are sown to promote the regeneration of the forest.

As an example of plant seeds covered with a heat insulating agent, the seeds may be coated with a heat insulating material. For example, seeds and mud may be mixed, dried and coated with soil. Plant seeds may be coated with foamed biodegradable plastic.

The inflator 13 has almost the same configuration as the airbag mounted on the vehicle. The inflator 13 has, for example, a gas generating agent such as guanidine nitrate or ammonium nitrate. It may have a net or a perforated shell so that only the gas generated around the inflator 13 is ejected.

The inflator 13 may be black powder or smokeless powder. The surface of the inflator 13 may have a structure in which paper or a plastic film is wrapped in multiple layers, such as a fireworks display.

A fire extinguisher 12 is packed around the inflator 13 in the shell 11 to form a fire extinguisher 10. Here, the inflator 13 is an example of a scattering means for bursting the shell 11 and scattering the fire extinguishing agent 12. The inflator 13 is an example of a scattering means for scattering the fire extinguisher 12 at a predetermined temperature or higher.

(1.3 Configuration and function of controller 20)
Next, the configuration and function of the controller 20 will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of the controller 20.
As shown in FIG. 3, the controller 20 that functions as a computer includes a sensor unit 21, an alarm unit 22, an ignition unit 23, a storage unit 24, a communication unit 25, a battery unit 26, and a control unit 27. It has.

The sensor unit 21 has a temperature sensor that measures the temperature. The temperature sensor is, for example, a thermistor, a thermocouple, an IC temperature sensor, a resistance temperature detector, or the like. The temperature sensor of the sensor unit 21 is installed on the surface or lower side of the pole 5, the fire extinguisher 10, the surface of the controller 20, and the like. Further, the temperature sensor of the sensor unit 21 is installed in the upper part, the middle part, the lower part near the ground, and the like of the fire extinguishing device 1. The sensor unit 21 may have a plurality of temperature sensors.

Further, the sensor unit 21 may have a weather sensor such as a humidity sensor for measuring humidity and a barometric pressure sensor for measuring atmospheric pressure. The sensor unit 21 may have a GPS (Global Positioning System) sensor that measures the position where the fire extinguishing device 1 is installed. The sensor unit 21 may have various sensors such as a camera that captures the surroundings, a microphone that collects ambient sounds, and a timer that measures the time.

The alarm unit 22, which is an example of an alarm means for notifying an alarm, has a warning lamp and a buzzer that emits an alarm sound. The alarm unit 22 may have a speaker.

The ignition unit 23 has a heating element that generates heat by passing an electric current, and an ignition agent such as an explosive that ignites with the heat of the heating element. For example, the ignition unit 23 is an airbag squib or the like. The ignition unit 23 is installed in the central portion of the fire extinguisher 10, that is, in the inflator 13. The ignition unit 23 is connected to the control unit 27 by a lead wire. The ignition unit 23 ignites the inflator 13 to burn the inflator 13.

The ignition unit 23 may be a mechanical type in which a piezoelectric element, a flint stone, or the like and an ignition agent are combined. The ignition unit 23 may have an elastic body such as an urged spring and may collide with a piezoelectric element or the like to generate a spark that ignites an ignition agent. The ignition unit 23 is an example of a scattering means for bursting the shell 11 and scattering the fire extinguishing agent 12.

The storage unit 24 is composed of, for example, a silicon disk drive, a hard disk drive, or the like, and stores various programs such as an operating system and a control program for the control unit 27.

The various programs may be, for example, embedded type, may be connected to a computer to supply the program, may be acquired from another server device or the like via a network, or may be a recording medium. It may be recorded in and read via a drive device (not shown).

The communication unit 25 wirelessly connects to the network via the base station and controls communication with the management server device (not shown).

The battery unit 26 is a primary battery such as an alkaline battery or a lithium battery, or a secondary battery such as a lead storage battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, or a lithium ion battery. When the battery unit 26 is a secondary battery, electric power from a solar panel (not shown) may be charged. The battery unit 26 supplies electric power to the control unit 27, the ignition unit 23, and the like.

The control unit 27 is composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like. The control unit 27 reads and executes various programs stored in the ROM and the storage unit 24 by the CPU to perform comparison processing with a predetermined temperature, ignition control, and the like.

Here, the controller 20 is an example of a scattering means for bursting the shell 11 and scattering the fire extinguishing agent 12. The controller 20 is an example of a scattering means for scattering the fire extinguishing agent 12 at a predetermined temperature or higher.

The controller 20 may be formed of an IC such as an operational amplifier instead of the CPU. The controller 20 compares the sensor unit 21 with a predetermined temperature in the comparator element, and as a result of the comparison, supplies the current from the battery unit 26 to the ignition unit 23. The controller 20 outputs the sound generated by the transmission circuit by the speaker of the alarm unit 22. The controller 20 does not have to have the storage unit 24 and the communication unit 25.

The fire extinguishing device 1 may be provided with a lightning rod.

Alternatively, the inflator 13 of the fire extinguisher 10 may be ignited with a fuse. A detonator is installed instead of the ignition unit 23, and a squib is connected to the detonator. The fuse is exposed to the outside of the fire extinguisher 10 or reaches near the ground along the pole 5. The flame around the fire extinguishing device 1 ignites the squib, propagates to the detonator, ignites the inflator 13, and burns the inflator 13. In this case, the controller 20 does not have to have the alarm unit 22.

The ignition of the inflator 13 may be mechanical. For example, a wire that melts, weakens, or burns in heat breaks, and mechanical energy such as the elastic energy of a spring and the potential energy of a weight is released, and is converted into electrical energy by a piezoelectric element or the like to generate sparks. It is generated to operate the lightning tube of the ignition unit 23, and the inflator 13 is ignited.

In addition to the temperature sensor of the sensor unit 21, a shape memory alloy whose shape changes due to heat may be used as a trigger for releasing mechanical energy. Further, as a trigger for releasing mechanical energy, a shrinkable resin such as polyolefin, a fluoropolymer, a thermoplastic elastomer, or the like that shrinks due to heat may be used.

The fire extinguisher 10 may be hung on a growing tree in addition to the pole 5 as an example of the installation means. The pole may be L-shaped and the fire extinguisher 10 may be hung.

[2. Operation example of fire extinguishing device]
Next, an operation example of the fire extinguishing device will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the fire extinguishing device 1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the fire extinguishing device 1 measures the temperature (step S1). Specifically, the controller 20 measures the temperature based on the temperature data from the temperature sensor of the sensor unit 21. Step S1 is an example of a detection step for detecting the temperature.

Note that the controller 20 may transmit various data such as temperature data and other meteorological data to the management server device sequentially or collectively at a predetermined time through the communication unit 25.

Next, the fire extinguishing device 1 determines whether or not the temperature is above a predetermined temperature (step S2). Specifically, in order to determine whether or not a forest fire has occurred in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing device 1, the controller 20 measures whether the measured temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. Is determined. The predetermined temperature is a temperature that is not expected at normal temperatures such as 70 ° C., 80 ° C., 100 ° C., and 150 ° C.

The temperature that the controller 20 compares with a predetermined temperature may be the average of the temperatures from the plurality of temperature sensors, the temperature from at least one temperature sensor, or the temperature weighted according to the installation position of the temperature sensors. Good. Further, when there are a plurality of temperature sensors and the temperature of a predetermined number of temperature sensors is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the controller 20 determines whether or not a forest fire has occurred around the fire extinguishing device 1. May be good.

When the temperature is above a predetermined temperature (step S2; YES), the fire extinguishing device 1 notifies a warning (step S3). Specifically, the controller 20 lights the warning lamp of the alarm unit 22, and the buzzer emits an alarm sound. As a result, people in the vicinity of the fire extinguishing device 1 are informed that the fire extinguishing agent will be scattered. Further, the speaker of the alarm unit 22 may notify by voice that the fire extinguishing agent is scattered. The alarm sound may be a sound that the animal dislikes. As described above, the fire extinguishing device 1 functions as an example of the alarm means for notifying the alarm before the scattering means scatters the fire extinguishing agent.

Further, the controller 20 may transmit information that the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature to the management server device through the communication unit 25.

If the temperature is not higher than the predetermined temperature (step S2; NO), the controller 20 returns to the process of step S1 and measures the temperature.

Next, the fire extinguishing device 1 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed (step S4). Specifically, the controller 20 determines whether or not a predetermined time has elapsed after determining that the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature based on the timer of the sensor unit 21 or the like. The controller 20 may calculate the passage of a predetermined time based on the number of calculations.

When the predetermined time has elapsed (step S4; YES), the fire extinguishing device 1 scatters the fire extinguishing agent (step S5). Specifically, the controller 20 causes an electric current to flow through the ignition unit 23, the temperature of the heating element rises, and the ignition unit 23 ignites. The ignition unit 23 ignites the inflator 13 of the fire extinguisher 10. The inflator 13 generates a large amount of gas.

The pressure of the gas generated from the inflator 13 causes the shell 11 to burst, and the fire extinguisher 12 is scattered around from the fire extinguisher 10.

The fire extinguishing agent 12 scatters around the fire extinguishing device 1 to extinguish the surrounding fire, suppress the flame, and prevent the spread of fire even though it has not burned yet. Further, when the seeds of the plant are contained in the shell 11, the fire extinguishing device 1 scatters the seeds together.

Step S5 is an example of a scattering step in which the scattering means of the fire extinguisher is operated when the temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.

Further, the controller 20 may transmit the information that the fire extinguishing agent 12 is scattered to the management server device through the communication unit 25 together with the fire extinguishing device ID, the position information, and the like.

If the predetermined time has not elapsed (step S4; NO), the fire extinguishing device 1 returns to the process of step S4.

As described above, according to the fire extinguishing device 1 according to the present embodiment, the fire extinguisher 10 containing the fire extinguishing agent 12 in the shell 11 is installed by the pole 5 at a predetermined height from the ground, and has a predetermined temperature. By operating the inflator 13 to burst the shell 11 and scatter the fire extinguishing agent 12, it is possible to assist the initial fire extinguishing around the place where the fire extinguishing device 1 is installed, such as a forest.

The fire extinguishing device 1 can sufficiently extinguish the fire if the fire is weak in the scattering range of the fire extinguisher 10 at the initial stage of the holding. The fire extinguishing device 1 can perform initial fire extinguishing even in a deep forest where the fire brigade cannot immediately extinguish the fire. The fire extinguishing device 1 can suppress the spread of the forest fire that has occurred.

Further, when the fire extinguisher 10 contains the seeds of plants, it is possible to promote the regeneration of the forest after the forest fire.

If the seeds of the plant are covered with a heat insulating agent, the heat insulation can protect the seeds from fire. In addition, by covering the soil surface covered with fallen leaves with seeds or soil covered with a heat insulating agent, it can be expected to prevent the spread of fire.

If the fire extinguisher 10 notifies an alarm before the fire extinguisher 12 scatters, even if there are people or animals, they can be evacuated.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the fire extinguishing device according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In the same or corresponding parts as those in the first embodiment, only different configurations and operations will be described using the same reference numerals. The same applies to other embodiments and modifications.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an example of the fire extinguishing device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example of a fire extinguisher.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the fire extinguisher 2 according to the present embodiment is installed at a predetermined height from the ground by a pole 5A, and contains a fire extinguisher 10A and a fire extinguisher 10A. A controller 20 for controlling the scattering of the fire extinguisher and a reflector 30 for reflecting the scattered fire extinguishing agent 12 are provided.

The pole 5A penetrates the fire extinguisher 10A and is connected to the reflector 30 to support the reflector 30. The pole 5A has a support s that supports and fixes the fire extinguisher 10A.

As shown in FIG. 6, the fire extinguisher 10A has a pipe p penetrating both poles of the shell body 11A. At the central portion of the pipe p, the inflator 13 is installed so as to wind the pipe p. A fire extinguisher 12 is placed around the pipe p and the inflator 13 to fill the shell 11A. The shell body 11A is made of the same material as the shell body 11.

The pole 5A is inserted into the pipe p of the fire extinguisher 10A, and the fire extinguisher 10A is fixed to the support base s. After inserting the fire extinguisher 10A, the reflector 30 is fixed to the end of the pole 5A.

The reflector 30 has a conical shape, and the apex faces the fire extinguisher 10A. The reflector 30 is installed so as to cover the shell body 11A above the shell body 11A with respect to the ground. The size of the bottom surface of the reflector 30 is preferably larger than the diameter of the shell 11A of the fire extinguisher 10A so that it is difficult for rain to fall on the fire extinguisher 10A. The conical surface of the reflector 30 is the reflecting surface.

Here, the reflector 30 is an example of a reflecting means that reflects the scattered fire extinguishing agent to change the scattering direction. The reflector 30 is an example of a reflecting means installed so as to cover the shell above the shell 11A with respect to the ground. The reflector 30 is an example of a reflecting means having a cone shape whose apex faces the shell body 11A.

The reflector 30 is made of metal, for example. The reflector 30 may be made of a material and a structure capable of changing the direction of scattering of the fire extinguishing agent 12 scattered upward due to the rupture of the shell 11A. For example, the reflector 30 may be made of wood or plastic to the inside. The plastic is preferably a biodegradable plastic.

A solar panel 31 is installed on the bottom surface of the reflector 30. The antenna 32 is installed on the bottom surface of the reflector 30. The solar panel 31 generates electric power, and the battery unit 26 stores the electric power. The communication unit 25 uses the antenna 32 to perform wireless communication. A controller 20 may be provided inside the reflector 30.

The controller 20 of the fire extinguishing device 2 performs the processes of steps S1 to S5 in the same manner as the controller 20 of the fire extinguishing device 1.

When the controller 20 of the fire extinguishing device 2 detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature by the temperature sensor, the controller 20 notifies the alarm unit 22 by sound or light. The controller 20 transmits an ignition signal to the ignition unit 23 when a predetermined time has elapsed after the notification. The ignition unit 23 in the fire extinguisher 10A ignites the inflator 13 of the fire extinguisher 10A. The inflator 13 breaks the shell 11A and scatters the fire extinguishing agent 12 around.

Most of the fire extinguishing agent 12 in the upper half scattered upward collides with the conical surface of the reflector 30, bounces off the reflector 30, and is scattered mainly in the horizontal direction in the horizontal direction.

As described above, according to the fire extinguishing device 2 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the effect of the fire extinguisher device 1, the fire extinguisher 30 is used to reflect the fire extinguisher scattered from the fire extinguisher 10 and change the scattering direction. The scattering direction of 12 can be controlled. Depending on the shape of the reflector 30 and the orientation of the reflecting surface, the fire extinguishing device 2 can efficiently spray the fire extinguishing agent in a predetermined direction.

When the reflector 30 is installed so as to cover the shell body 11A above the shell body 11A with respect to the ground, deterioration of the shell body 11A can be prevented from rain or sunlight.

When the apex of the reflector 30 has a cone shape facing the shell 11A, the fire extinguishing agent 12 is likely to be scattered laterally with respect to the reflector 30, and it is easy to extinguish a wider area.

(Modification example)
Next, modified examples of the reflecting means, the diverging means, the fire extinguisher, and the like will be described with reference to the drawings.

First, a modified example of the reflecting means will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 7C.
7A to 7C are schematic views showing a modified example of the reflecting means.

As shown in FIG. 7A, the fire extinguishing device 2A may have a flat plate reflector 30A.

The reflector 30A reflects most of the fire extinguishing agent 12 in the upper half scattered upward diagonally downward. The fire extinguishing device 2A can increase the amount of the fire extinguishing agent sprayed from the fire extinguishing device 2A at a position having a predetermined radius.

As shown in FIG. 7B, the fire extinguishing device 2B may have an umbrella-shaped reflector 30B.

The reflector 30B reflects most of the fire extinguishing agent 12 in the upper half, which is scattered upward, downward. The fire extinguishing device 2B can extinguish the fire underfoot more efficiently.

Even if the reflector 30A or the reflector 30B is destroyed by the rupture of the shell 11A, the fire extinguishing agent 12 scattered upward can be suppressed.

Further, the reflector 30A and the reflector 30B can prevent rain and sunlight from hitting the fire extinguisher 10A as much as possible, and can prevent deterioration.

As shown in FIG. 7C, the fire extinguishing device 2C may further have a roof portion 33. It becomes easier for rain to flow. In particular, when the reflector 30 is made of wood, deterioration due to rain can be prevented.

Next, a modified example of the divergence means will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a modified example of the divergence means. FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an example of a gas cylinder release unit.

As shown in FIG. 8, the fire extinguishing device 3 includes a fire extinguisher 10B, a controller 20, and a gas cylinder 40. The gas cylinder 40 is an example of a scattering means for scattering the fire extinguishing agent 12 by the pressure of the gas cylinder.

The gas cylinder 40 is filled with high-pressure carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. Further, the gas of the gas cylinder 40 may be an inert gas such as argon or helium. It may be a component used in a gas-based fire extinguisher, and the gas in the gas cylinder 40 may be, for example, halon. The gas of the gas cylinder 40 is preferably a gas that suppresses combustion.

The gas cylinder 40 is connected to the gas cylinder release unit 41.

As shown in FIG. 9, the gas cylinder release portion 41 includes a nail 41a, a spring 41b, a water sensing element 41c, and a tank 41d.

The nail 41a is made of metal such as iron or stainless steel. The tip of the nail 41a is thin. The nail 41a breaks the gas inlet of the gas cylinder 40.

The spring 41b, which is an example of the urging means, is, for example, a metal coiled spring. The spring 41b is contracted to store elastic energy. The spring 41b may be an elastic body.

The water sensing element 41c is I-shaped, penetrates through the spring 41b, and holds the contracted extension of the spring 41b at both ends. The material of the water sensing element 41c is, for example, a material whose strength is reduced by water. The material of the water sensing element 41c is a material in which fibers are hardened with a starch-based adhesive, a vinyl acetate resin-based adhesive, a casein adhesive, or the like.

The material of the water sensing element 41c is a plastic that dissolves in a nonflammable organic substance, and may be a substance whose strength is reduced by an acid, an alkali, or the like.

A liquid such as water that reduces the strength of the water sensing element 41c is stored in the tank 41d. The tank 41d has a solenoid valve or the like instead of the ignition unit 23.

The fire extinguisher 10B has a gas diverging unit 43, which is an example of the scattering means, instead of the inflator 13. The gas diverging portion 43 is connected to the gas cylinder releasing portion 41 via a pipe 42. The gas diverging portion 43 is spherical, and a hole for discharging high-pressure gas from the gas cylinder 40 is provided on the surface of the gas diverging portion 43.

The controller 20 of the fire extinguishing device 3 notifies by sound or light when the temperature sensor detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.

The controller 20 transmits a signal to open the solenoid valve of the tank 41d when a predetermined time has elapsed after the notification. The tank 41d supplies water to the room containing the spring 41b and the water sensing element 41c. The tank 41d may include a solenoid valve for supplying water and a solenoid valve for taking in air. The tank 41d is a bag, and tear the bag to drain water. Water may be supplied to the room in which the water sensing element 41c is housed.

The strength of the water sensing element 41c is reduced by the water, the restraint of the spring 41b is released, the spring 41b stretches vigorously, and the nail 41a is directed toward the gas inlet of the gas cylinder 40 to emit gas.

High-pressure gas is ejected from the gas cylinder 40, passes through the pipe 42, and reaches the gas diverging portion 43.

The pressure inside the shell 11 increases, the shell 11 bursts, and the fire extinguishing agent 12 scatters around.

Instead of the water sensing element 41c, the trigger may be moved by an electromagnetic force by a signal from the controller 20 to release the spring 41b. Instead of the water sensing element 41c, a shape memory alloy whose shape changes depending on the temperature may be used. The opening and closing of the gas cylinder 40 may be controlled directly by the solenoid valve. The gas cylinder release unit 41 has a lever for opening and closing the gas cylinder 40, and the lever may be directly moved by a spring 41b or an electromagnetic force. Further, the gas cylinder release portion 41 has a weight, and the weight is dropped by the trigger of the temperature rise. The energy of the dropped weight may be used to hit the nail 41a or move the lever to release the gas in the gas cylinder 40.

As described above, according to the fire extinguishing device 3 according to the present embodiment, in addition to the effect of the fire extinguishing device 1, the fire extinguishing agent 12 is scattered by the pressure of the gas cylinder 40, so that the fire extinguishing agent 12 is not used. 12 can be scattered.

When the urged spring 41b is released by a liquid and the gas cylinder 40 is opened by the spring 41b to eject gas, the fire extinguishing agent 12 can be scattered without using explosives.

Next, a modified example of the fire extinguisher will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a modified example of the fire extinguisher.

As shown in FIG. 10, the fire extinguisher 10C may have a cylindrical shape. The inflator 13 is provided in the central portion of the cylindrical fire extinguisher 10C.

Further, the controller 20A may be provided under the fire extinguisher 10C. A solar panel may be provided on the upper surface of the fire extinguisher 10C. The strength of the side surface of the fire extinguisher 10C may be weaker than that of the upper surface so that the fire extinguisher 12 can be easily scattered in the horizontal direction.

Next, a modified example of the shell body will be described with reference to FIGS. 10A to 11B.
11A and 12A are schematic views showing a modified example of the shell body. 11B and 12B are schematic views showing an open state of the shell.

As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the spherical shell body 11B may have a structure in which petals open. The shell 11B may have constrictions in the meridian direction at predetermined intervals so that the petals open when the shell 11B attached to the tip of the pole 5 bursts. As shown in FIG. 11B, more fire extinguishing agent 12 is scattered around the inside of the open shell 11B.

As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the spherical shell body 11C may have a structure in which a Kusudama opens. The shell body 11C has a structure in which two hemispheres are combined. As shown in FIG. 12A, the pole 5A penetrates the shell body 11C, and the upper part of the shell body 11C and the shell body 11C are fixed. The shell 11C opens downward to prevent the fire extinguishing agent 12 from scattering upward.

As a trigger to release mechanical energy, a combination of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion may be used. Distortion due to heat occurs, and members that combine materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion cannot withstand the force of urged springs and the like, and mechanical energy is released. For example, it is a material in which glass and resin are bonded together. Further, this material may be a simple substance of glass, or any material that becomes brittle due to the difference in expansion coefficient between the surface and the inside. These materials may be bonded together with an adhesive and peeled off by heat to release mechanical energy such as a spring.

Further, as a trigger for releasing mechanical energy, an inorganic filler may be mixed with the resin, and materials having different thermal conductivitys formed by changing the type and mixing ratio of the mixed inorganic filler may be combined. The inorganic filler is a filler such as aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, boron oxide, and aluminum nitride. Resins change their physical properties such as shrinkage, hardening, and softening due to heat. Heat causes a difference in changes in physical properties, which causes deformation and the like to release mechanical energy such as springs. These materials may be bonded together with an adhesive and peeled off by heat to release mechanical energy such as a spring.

The fire extinguisher of the present application may have a plurality of fire extinguishers of the present application. For example, it is a fire extinguishing device in which fire extinguishers are arranged vertically vertically on a pole 5 like a skewer. Further, the fire extinguisher may be hung by connecting a plurality of fire extinguishers with a string or the like. A plurality of fire extinguishers may be arranged in a plane. It has the effect of a fire wall.

A combination of the above embodiments and modifications may be used. For example, when detecting a temperature other than electrically, such as when a shape memory alloy, a heat-shrinkable resin, or a material whose strength changes depending on the temperature is used, the fire extinguisher of the present application has an inflator 13 without a control unit 20. The fire extinguishing agent 12 may be scattered by burning the fire extinguishing agent or releasing the gas cylinder 40.

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to each of the above embodiments. Each of the above embodiments is an example, and any one having substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and exhibiting the same effect and effect may be used. It is included in the technical scope of the present invention.

1, 2, 3: Fire extinguishing device 5, 5A: Pole (installation means)
10, 10A, 10B: Fire extinguisher (accommodation means)
11, 11A, 11B: Shell 12: Fire extinguisher 13: Inflator (scattering means)
20: Controller (scattering means)
30, 30A, 30B: Reflector (reflection means)
40: Gas cylinder (scattering means)

Claims

A storage means for storing the fire extinguishing agent in the shell,
A scattering means for bursting the shell and scattering the fire extinguishing agent,
An installation means for installing the accommodation means at a predetermined height from the ground, and
With
The scattering means is a fire extinguishing device characterized in that the fire extinguishing agent is scattered at a predetermined temperature or higher.
In the fire extinguishing device according to claim 1,
A fire extinguishing device further provided with a reflecting means for reflecting the scattered fire extinguishing agent to change the scattering direction.
In the fire extinguishing device according to claim 2.
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the reflecting means is installed so as to cover the shell body above the shell body with respect to the ground.
In the fire extinguishing device according to claim 2 or 3.
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the reflecting means has a cone shape whose apex faces the shell body.
In the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
A fire extinguishing device, wherein the scattering means scatters the fire extinguishing agent by the pressure of a gas cylinder.
In the fire extinguishing device according to claim 5.
A fire extinguishing device comprising releasing the urged urging means with a liquid and opening the gas cylinder by the urging means to eject gas.
In the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
A fire extinguishing device, wherein the storage means stores seeds of a plant.
In the fire extinguishing device according to claim 7.
A fire extinguishing device characterized in that the seeds of the plant are covered with a heat insulating agent.
In the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
A fire extinguishing device comprising further an alarm means for notifying an alarm before the scattering means scatters the fire extinguishing agent.
A detection step that detects temperature and
A fire extinguisher that is installed at a predetermined height from the ground and has a shell that houses a fire extinguishing agent and a scattering means that bursts the shell and disperses the fire extinguishing agent. A scattering step that activates the scattering means of the fire extinguisher, and
A fire extinguishing method characterized by including.